初中英语句子成分讲解简单明了附练习答案(精品)
初中英语句子成分讲解_练习及答案
句子成分及基本句型一、考点、热点回顾【句子的成分】在英文中句子成分包括:主语、谓语、宾语(直接宾语、间接宾语)、表语、定语和状语、宾语补足语等。
(一)主语:主语是谓语讲述的对象,表示所说的“是什么”或“是谁”。
一般由名词、代词、不定式或相当于名词的词或短语来充当。
它在句首。
如:(1)Lucy is a beautiful nurse. (名词作主语)(2)He reads newspapers every day. (代词作主语)(3)Smoking is harmful to the health. (动名词作主语)(4)To swim in Kunming Lake is a great pleasure.(不定式作主语)(5)What we should do is not yet decided. (主语从句作主语)(二)谓语说明主语“做什么”“是什么”或“怎么样”主语在人称和数两方面必须一致。
它在主语后面。
如:His parents are teachers. (系动词和表语一起作谓语)We study hard. (行为动词作谓语)We don’t finish reading the book. (助动词和行为动词一起作谓语)He can speak English. (情态动词和行为动词一起作谓语)(三)宾语宾语是动作、行为的对象,由名词、代词、不定式或相当于名词的词、短语来担任,它和及物动词一起说明主语做什么。
一般放在谓语之后。
She is doing her homework now.(名词作宾语)She says(that)she is ill.(宾语从句作动词宾语)We often help him.(代词作宾语)He likes to play basketball.(不定式作宾语)We enjoy listening to the music. 我们喜欢听音乐。
(动名词短语作宾语)说明1:宾语是及物动词涉及到的人或物,宾语一般放在及物动词之后。
(英语)初中英语句子结构与成分解题技巧讲解及练习题(含答案)
(英语)初中英语句子结构与成分解题技巧讲解及练习题(含答案)一、句子结构与成分1.'My father bought me a new watch yesterday.' It is a structure of.A. S+V+PB. S+V+IO+DOC. S+V+DO+COD. S+V+DO【答案】B【解析】【分析】句意:昨天我爸给我买了一块新手表。
它是S+V+IO+DO结构。
My father (主语S) +bought (谓语V) +me (间接宾语ID) +a new watch (直接宾语DO),故选Bo【点评】考查句结构和成分。
注意识记S+V+IO+DO结构的用法。
2.—What an interesting story she told us!—Yes, and her voice sounded.A. sweetB. smallC. clearlyD. sadly【答案】A【解析】【分析】句意:一一他给我们讲的是多么有趣的故事啊!一一是的,她的声音听起来很甜美。
sweet甜的;small小的;clearly清楚地;sadly伤心地。
sound是系动词,后跟形容词,故选Ao【点评】考查系表结构。
3.John calls his dog Eddie. The structure of the sentence is.A. S+V+OB. S+V+PC. S+V+IO+DOD. S+V+DO+OC【答案】D【解析】【分析】句意:约翰叫他的狗Eddie.这个句子的结构是.根据句子可知这个句子的结构是:主语 +谓语+宾语+宾语补足语。
故答案为Do【点评】考查句子成分。
牢记句子成分。
4.Choose the correct structure (结构)of this sentence "He lent me a book."A. S+V+OB. S+V+IO+DOC. S+V+PD. S+V+DO+OC【答案】B【解析】【分析】句意"Helent me a book”。
最新初中英语句子成分讲解简单明了附练习答案(精品)
初中英语句子成分句子的成分:句子的成分是指组成句子的各个部分,即:主语、谓语、表语、宾语(直接宾语和间接宾语)、补足语、定语、状语等。
主要成分:主语和谓语句子的成分次要成分:表语、宾语、补足语、定语、状语等(一)主语:主语是一个句子的主要成分,也是句子所叙述的主体,一般位于句首,Subject 表示句子所说的是“什么人”或“什么事物”。
一般由名词、代词、数词、不定式、动名词、名词化的形容词和主语从句等充当。
注意:在there be结构、疑问(当主语不是疑问词时)和倒装句中,主语位于谓语动词、助动词例如:Tom is a good boy. (名词)We often speak English in class. (代词)One-third of the students in this class are girls. (数词)To swim in the river is a great pleasure. (不定式)Smoking does harm to the health. (动名词)The rich should help the poor. (名词化形容词)When we are going to have an English test has not been decided. (主语从句)It is necessary to master a foreign language.(it为形式主语,真正的主语是不定式)(二)谓语:谓语说明主语所做的动作或具有的特征和状态。
说明主语“做什么”、Predicate “是什么”或“怎么样”,一般由动词或动词短语来充当,一般放在主语之后。
谓语和主语在人称和数两方面必须一致。
谓语的构成如下:1.简单谓语:由一个动词或动词短语构成。
例如:I like apples. ( 动词)He practices running every morning. (动词短语)2.复合谓语:(1)由(情态动词或其他助动词+动词原形)构成;例如:You may keep the book for two weeks.He has caught a bad cold.(2)由(系动词+表语)构成。
(完整word版)初二初中英语句子成分讲解_练习及答案.doc
句子成分及基本句型一、考点、热点回顾【句子的成分】在英文中句子成分包括:主、、(直接、接)、表、定和状、足等。
(一)主:主是述的象,表示所的“是什么” 或“是”。
一般由名、代、不定式或相当于名的或短来充当。
它在句首。
如:(1) Lucy is a beautiful nurse.(名作主)(2) He reads newspapers every day. (代作主)(3) Smoking is harmful to the health. (名作主)(4) To swim in Kunming Lake is a great pleasure. (不定式作主)(5) What we should do is not yet decided. (主从句作主)(二)明主“做什么” “是什么”或“怎么” 。
(部分里主要的)必是。
和主在人称和数两方面必一致。
它在主后面。
如: His parents are teachers.(系和表一起作)We study hard.(行作)We don’tfinish reading the book.(助和行一起作)He can speak English.(情和行一起作)(三)是作、行的象,由名、代、不定式或相当于名的、短来担任,它和及物一起明主做什么。
一般放在之后。
She is doing her homework now. (名作)She says( that) she is ill. (从句作)We often help him. (代作)He likes to play basketball. (不定式作)We enjoy listening to the music.我喜听音。
(名短作)明 1:是及物涉及到的人或物,一般放在及物之后。
介后面的名或代或名,称介。
名、代、数常在句中做或介。
另外,不定式可作;名和从句也可用作。
明 2:及物作,后面要跟。
分直接和接。
初中英语句子结构成份讲解及专项练习(含答案)
英语句子成分划分详解(一)主语:就是一个句子陈述的对象,或是动作的执行者。
它回答的是“谁”“什么”的问题。
如:我看书。
谁看书?“我”。
“我”就是这句子的主语。
主语由名词或相当于名词的词充当。
(如动词不定式,动名词,代词都可作主语,主语从句)主语(subject):句子说明的人或事物。
The sun rises in the east. (名词)He likes dancing. (代词)Twenty years is a short time in history. (数词)Seeing is believing. (动名词)To see is to believe. (不定式)What he needs is a book.(主语从句)It is very clear that the elephant is round and tall like a tree. (It形式主语,主语从句是真正主语)谓语:说明主语是什么,干什么,怎么样。
它回答的是主语“干什么,是什么”的问题。
如上句中主语“我”干什么?“看书”。
“看书”就是谓语。
一个句子,一般都可分成主、谓两大部分(祈使句是省主句)。
再细分又可分成谓语(动词)、宾语,表语,补语(包括宾补和主补),定语,状语,同位语等。
如第一例中谓语部分可划分成谓语(看)和宾语(书)。
谓语部分中心词一定要是一个动词,要么是行为动词,要么是系动词,不同的动词构成不同的句子类型。
句子的各种时态、人称和数的变化都在谓语动词上变。
谓语(predicate):说明主语的动作、状态和特征。
We study English.He is asleep.宾语:指谓语动词所涉及的对象,由名、代、数,宾语从句等相当于名词的词句充当,但人称代词要用宾格。
如:还说上例。
谓语动词是“看”,看什么?看“书”,“书”是动词“看”所涉及的对象,是“看”的宾语。
需要说明的是:只有及物动词和介词或相当于及物动词和介词的短语才可带宾语。
(英语)初中英语句子结构与成分解题技巧分析及练习题(含答案)及解析
(英语)初中英语句子结构与成分解题技巧分析及练习题(含答案)及解析一、句子结构与成分1.I feel very lonely, and my eyes fill with tears. (选出表语)A. feelB. lonelyC. my eyesD. fill【答案】 B【解析】【分析】句意:我感到很孤独,我的眼中充满泪水。
feel,感觉,系动词,后面跟形容词作表语,lonely意为孤单的,形容词,作表语。
故选B。
【点评】此题考查句子的结构成分。
根据句子的结构确定每个划线部分在句子中充当的成分,选出正确答案。
2.—What an interesting story she told us!—Yes, and her voice sounded ________.A. sweetB. smallC. clearlyD. sadly【答案】 A【解析】【分析】句意:——他给我们讲的是多么有趣的故事啊!——是的,她的声音听起来很甜美。
sweet甜的;small小的;clearly清楚地;sadly伤心地。
sound是系动词,后跟形容词,故选A。
【点评】考查系表结构。
3.John calls his dog Eddie. The structure of the sentence is _______.A. S+V+OB. S+V+PC. S+V+IO+DOD. S+V+DO+OC【答案】D【解析】【分析】句意:约翰叫他的狗Eddie.这个句子的结构是_____________.根据句子可知这个句子的结构是:主语+谓语+宾语+宾语补足语。
故答案为D。
【点评】考查句子成分。
牢记句子成分。
4.This cake is really big. _______ share it.A. May be we canB. We may be canC. Maybe we canD. Maybe can we 【答案】C【解析】【分析】句意“蛋糕真的很大,也许我们可以分享它”。
初中英语句子成分讲解-练习及答案(K12教育文档)
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腾训学校语法班--—句子成分及基本句型【句子的成分】在英文中句子成分包括:主语、谓语、宾语(直接宾语、间接宾语)、表语、定语和状语、宾语补足语等.(一)主语:主语是谓语讲述的对象,表示所说的“是什么”或“是谁”。
一般由名词、代词、不定式或相当于名词的词或短语来充当。
它在句首.如:(1)Lucy is a beautiful nurse。
(名词作主语)(2)He reads newspapers every day。
(代词作主语)(3)Smoking is harmful to the health。
(动名词作主语)(4)To swim in Kunming Lake is a great pleasure。
(不定式作主语)(5)What we should do is not yet decided. (主语从句作主语)(二)谓语说明主语“做什么”“是什么”或“怎么样”谓语和主语在人称和数两方面必须一致。
它在主语后面。
如:His parents are teachers. (系动词和表语一起作谓语)We study hard. (行为动词作谓语)We don’t finish reading the book。
(助动词和行为动词一起作谓语)He can speak English。
(英语)中考英语初中英语句子结构与成分解题技巧讲解及练习题(含答案)
(英语)中考英语初中英语句子结构与成分解题技巧讲解及练习题(含答案)一、句子结构与成分1."Those sweet memories of summer days are about quiet streams and trees and shade." The main structure of the sentence is .A. S+VB. S+V+DO+OCC. S+V+IO+DOD. S+V+P 【答案】 D【解析】【分析】句意:这些关于夏天甜美的记忆主要是宁静的溪流、树和影子。
A、S+V=Subject (主语)+Verb (谓语);B、S+V+DO+OC=主语+谓语+宾语+宾补;C、S+V+IO+DO =Subject(主语)+Verb(谓语)+Indirect object(间接宾语)+Direct object (直接宾语);D、S+V+P=subject+verb+predicate ,属于主系表结构;该句是主系表结构,主语是: Those sweet memories of summer days,系动词are+表语,即剩下的部分,用于说明主语,故选D。
【点评】考查句子结构,注意主谓宾结构的句子的用法。
2.Which of the following sentences is correct?A. He came in and sat down.B. We all like <Harry Potter>.C. When we met. He didn't say hello.D. We went out, headed for the bus stop.【答案】 A【解析】【分析】句意:下面那个句子是正确的。
A是简单句,came和sat是并列谓语,都是一般过去式,所以A正确。
B中的符号不符合英语习惯,在英语中没有书名号,表示书名时通常用斜体字形式。
初中英语句子结构成份讲解及专项练习(含答案)
初中英语句子结构成份讲解及专项练习(含答案)(一)主语:就是一个句子陈述的对象,或是动作的执行者。
它回答的是“谁”“什么”的问题。
如:我看书。
谁看书?“我”。
“我”就是这句子的主语。
主语由名词或相当于名词的词充当。
(如动词不定式,动名词,代词都可作主语,主语从句)主语(subject):句子说明的人或事物。
The sun rises in the east、(名词) He likes dancing、(代词)Twenty years is a short time in history、 (数词)Seeing is believing、(动名词) To see is to believe、(不定式)What he needs is a book、(主语从句)It is very clear that the elephant is round and tall like a tree、(It形式主语,主语从句是真正主语)谓语:说明主语是什么,干什么,怎么样。
它回答的是主语“干什么,是什么”的问题。
如上句中主语“我”干什么?“看书”。
“看书”就是谓语。
一个句子,一般都可分成主、谓两大部分(祈使句是省主句)。
再细分又可分成谓语(动词)、宾语,表语,补语(包括宾补和主补),定语,状语,同位语等。
如第一例中谓语部分可划分成谓语(看)和宾语(书)。
谓语部分中心词一定要是一个动词,要么是行为动词,要么是系动词,不同的动词构成不同的句子类型。
句子的各种时态、人称和数的变化都在谓语动词上变。
谓语(predicate):说明主语的动作、状态和特征。
We study English、 He is asleep、宾语:指谓语动词所涉及的对象,由名、代、数,宾语从句等相当于名词的词句充当,但人称代词要用宾格。
如:还说上例。
谓语动词是“看”,看什么?看“书”,“书”是动词“看”所涉及的对象,是“看”的宾语。
需要说明的是:只有及物动词和介词或相当于及物动词和介词的短语才可带宾语。
初中英语句子成分讲解 练习及答案
句子成分及根本句型一、考点.热门回想【句子的成分】在英文中句子成分包含:主语.谓语.宾语(直接宾语.间接宾语).表语.定语和状语.宾语补足语等. (一)主语:主语是谓语讲述的对象,暗示所说的“是什么”或“是谁”.一般由名词.代词.不定式或相当于名词的词或短语来充当.它在句首.如:(1)Lucy is a beautiful nurse. (名词作主语)(2)He reads newspapers every day. (代词作主语)(3)Smoking is harmful to the health. (动名词作主语)(4)To swim in Kunming Lake is a great pleasure.(不定式作主语)(5)What we should do is not yet decided. (主语从句作主语)(二)谓语解释主语“做什么”“是什么”或“怎么样”.谓语和主语在人称和数两方面必须一致.它在主语后面.如:His parents are teachers. (系动词和表语一路作谓语)We study hard. (行动动词作谓语)We don’t finish reading the book. (助动词和行动动词一路作谓语)He can speak English. (情态动词和行动动词一路作谓语)(三)宾语宾语是动作.行动的对象,由名词.代词.不定式或相当于名词的词.短语来担任,它和及物动词一路解释主语做什么.一般放在谓语之后.She is doing her homework now.(名词作宾语)She says(that)she is ill.(宾语从句作动词宾语)We often help him.(代词作宾语)He likes to play basketball.(不定式作宾语)We enjoy listening to the music. 我们爱好听音乐.(动名词短语作宾语)解释1:宾语是及物动词涉及到的人或物,宾语一般放在及物动词之后.介词后面的名词或代词或动名词,称为介词宾语.名词.代词.数词常在句中做动词宾语或介词宾语.别的,动词不定式可作动词宾语;动名词和宾语从句也可用作动词宾语.解释2:及物动词作谓语时,后面要跟宾语.宾语分直接宾语和间接宾语.直接宾语是及物动词的直接对象间接宾语平日是及物动词的动作所及的人之前.不是所有的及物动词都可以用双宾语.有的动词可以跟.如:give, show(给……看),bring, pass, buy 等.如:(1)Our teacher tells us a story.(2)The sun gives us light.间接宾语假如放在直接宾语之后,间接宾语前加“to”的有:give, show, send, bring, read, pass, lend, leave, hand, tell, return, write, throw, promise(答应), refuse (谢绝)等.间接宾语加“for”的有:make, buy, do, get, play, order(敕令), sing, pay等(1)I give him a book. 改成:(2)He passes me the book.(他将书递给我.)改成:(3)He writes me a letter. 改成:(4)He will buy me some books. 改成:(5)She is making me a cake. 改成:(四)宾语补足语在宾语后面填补解释宾语的动作.状况.特点的成分,称为宾语补足语.名词.形容词.副词.介词短语以及动词不定式.分词等可用作宾语补足语.宾语和宾语补足语称为复合宾语.如:They make her happy.(形容词)I see her dance.(不定式)We’ll help you to make the Olympics a success.(名词)Please let him in.(副词)We heard her singing a song.(分词短语)(五)表语表语解释主语“是什么”或者“怎么样”,由名词.形容词.副词.介词.不定式及相当于名词或形容词或短语来担任.它的地位在系动词后面.如:I am a teacher.(名词)He is always happy.(形容词)They are on the playground now.(介词短语)It gets cold.(形容词)Be动词(am,is,are, was, were)系动词表保持(keep, stay, remain)表转变(get, become, turn)感官动词(feel,sound(听起来),seem/look(看起来),taste(尝起来),smell(闻起来))如:It sounds interesting.(sound为系动词,interesting为表语)We should all remain careful. Remain(为系动词, careful为表语)(六)定语定语是用来润饰名词或代词的.形容词.代词.数词.名词.介词短语.不等式或相当于形容词的词或短语等. 单个词作定语时,平日放在它所润饰的名词之前.如:The black bike is mine.(形容词)What’s your name?(代词)They make paper flowers.(名词)解释1:nothing, anything, everything, something等时,定语在不定代词后面.如:I tell him something interesting. (形容词interesting作不定代词something的后置定语)He has something to do. (to do为不定式作后置定语)解释2,也放在被润饰的名词之后.如:The boys in the room are in Class Four. (in the room是介词短语作the boys的后置定语.)(七)状语润饰动词.形容词.副词.一般暗示行动产生的时光.地点.目标.方法.程度等意义,一般由副词.介词短语.不定式或相当于副词的词或短语来暗示.状语一般放在句末,但有的可以放在句首.句中.如:He did it carefully.(副词)We often help him.(副词)Her mother goes out to do some shopping on Sunday.(介词短语)When I grow up, I am going to be a teacher.(从句作时光状语)He sits there.(副词地点状语)【简略句的五种根本句型】A. 主语+不及物动词(主谓)如:The sun rises. 太阳升起来.The car stopped. 小汽车停下来了.rise和stop都是不及物动词,是以后边不必加宾语.B. 主语+及物动词+宾语(主谓宾)如:I love my country. He helps me. I like action movies. I buy a book.C. 主语+系动词+表语(主系表)如:Her brother is a driver.We feel happy.(feel为系动词,暗示觉得……)It gets dark.天黑了.(get为系动词,暗示变得)Tom looks ill. Tom看上去病了.(look为系动词,暗示看上去,看起来)D. 主语+及物动词+双宾语(直接宾语.间接宾语)(主谓+直宾+间宾)如:He gives Tom a present.(双宾语)他给汤姆一件礼品.Mother make a new dress for me.(双宾语)妈妈为我做了一件衣服.E. 主语+及物动词+宾语+宾语补足语(主+谓+宾+宾补)如:They call her Mary.(宾补)他们叫她Mary.We make our classroom clean and tidy.(宾补)我们使我们的教室清洁而整洁. He always makes us laugh.(宾补)他总使我们笑.二、典范例题写出划线部分的句子成分.1. Lily is cleaning the desk now.2. Her garden is the best in our town.3. Liu Ming is thirteen years old.4. I like this book very much.5. The girl on the blue bike is Jane’s sister.6. She didn’t come to my party because she was ill.7. Wang Ping does his homework carefully.8. We will go to the Children’s Palace once a week.9. They are in the classroom.10. It sounds good.11. His name is Paul.12. We always go to school early.三、课后演习(一) 挑出下列句中的宾语① My brother doesn't do his homework.A B C D② People all over the world speak English.A B C D③ You must pay good attention to your pronunciation.A B C D④ How many new words do you learn ?A B C D⑤ Some of the students in the school want to go swimming, how about you?A B C D(二) 挑出下列句中的表语① The old man is feeling very tired.A B C D② Why is he worried about Jim?A B C D③ The leaves have turned yellow.A B C D④ Soon They all become interested in the subject.A B C D⑤ She is the first to learn about it.A B C D(三) 挑出下列句中的定语① They use Mr. Mrs. with the family name.A B C D② What is your given name?A B C D③ On the third lap are Class 1 and Class 3.A B C D④ I am afraid some people forgot to sweep the floor.A B C D⑤ The man downstairs was trying to sleep.A B C D(四) 挑出下列句中的宾语补足语① She likes the children to read newspapers and books in the reading-room.A B C D② He asks her to take the boy out of school.A B C D③ She find it difficult to do the work.A B C D④ They call me Lily sometimes.A B C D⑤ I saw Mr. Wang get on the bus.A B C D(五) 挑出下列句中的状语① There is a big smile on her face.A B C D② Every night he heard the noise upstairs.A B C D③ He began to learn English when he was eleven.A B C D④ The man on the motorbike is travelling to fast.A B C D⑤ With the medicine box under her arm, Miss Li hurried off.A B C D(六) 划出句中的直接宾语( )和间接宾语()① Please tell us a story.② My father bought a new bike for me last week.③ Mr. Li is going to teach us history next term.④ Here is a pen. Give it to Tom.⑤ Does he leave any message for me?典范例题答案一.写出划线部分的句子成分.1. 主,谓,宾,状2. 定,状3. 表4. 谓,宾,状5. 定,定6. 谓,状7. 谓,宾,状8. 谓,状9. 表10. 表11. 定,表12. 状,状课后演习(三) ① D ② D ③ B ④ A ⑤ B (四) ①D ②B ③D ④C ⑤B(五) ① C ② C ③ A ④ B ⑤ B (六) ① C ② C ③ C ④ C ⑤ D(七) ① D ② A ③ D ④ D ⑤ A (八) ① us, 间接宾语 a story, 直接宾语② me, 间接宾语 a new bike, 直接宾语③ us, 间接宾语 history, 直接宾语④ Tom, 间接宾语 it, 直接宾语⑤ me, 间接宾语 message, 直接宾语10。
初中必备英语句子结构与成分技巧全解及练习题(含答案)含解析
初中必备英语句子结构与成分技巧全解及练习题(含答案)含解析一、句子结构与成分1.You may know all the words on the right, but which of the following carries meaning?A. A friend self is a second.B. A second is self a friend.C. A friend is a second self.D. Self a second is a friend.【答案】 C【解析】【分析】句意:你可能知道右面所有的单词,但是下列哪个句子是有意义的?second,第二个;friend,朋友;self,你自己;a,不定冠词表示数量一;C为正确选项,意为:朋友是另一个自己。
故选C。
【点评】考查连词成句。
先确定句意,根据语法知识将词连接成句。
2.John calls his dog Eddie. The structure of the sentence is _______.A. S+V+OB. S+V+PC. S+V+IO+DOD. S+V+DO+OC【答案】D【解析】【分析】句意:约翰叫他的狗Eddie.这个句子的结构是_____________.根据句子可知这个句子的结构是:主语+谓语+宾语+宾语补足语。
故答案为D。
【点评】考查句子成分。
牢记句子成分。
3.Choose the correct structure(结构) of this sentence "He lent me a book."A. S+V+OB. S+V+IO+DOC. S+V+PD. S+V+DO+OC【答案】B【解析】【分析】句意“He lent me a book”。
he为主语S;lent为谓语V;me为间接宾语IO; a book为直宾DO。
故结构为S+V+IO+DO。
故选B。
【点评】此题考查简单句的结构。
初中英语句子成分讲解简单明了附练习答案(精品)
初中英语句子成分一.句子的成分:句子的成分是指组成句子的各个部分,即:主语、谓语、表语、宾语(直接宾语和间接宾语)、补足语、定语、状语等。
主要成分:主语和谓语句子的成分次要成分:表语、宾语、补足语、定语、状语等(一)主语:主语是一个句子的主要成分,也是句子所叙述的主体,一般位于句首,Subject 表示句子所说的是“什么人”或“什么事物”.一般由名词、代词、数词、不定式、动名词、名词化的形容词和主语从句等充当.注意:在there be结构、疑问(当主语不是疑问词时)和倒装句中,主语位于谓语动词、助动词或例如:Tom is a good boy. (名词)We often speak English in class。
(代词)One-third of the students in this class are girls. (数词)To swim in the river is a great pleasure. (不定式)Smoking does harm to the health。
(动名词)The rich should help the poor。
(名词化形容词)When we are going to have an English test has not been decided。
(主语从句)It is necessary to master a foreign language.(it为形式主语,真正的主语是不定式)(二)谓语:谓语说明主语所做的动作或具有的特征和状态。
说明主语“做什么”、Predicate “是什么"或“怎么样”,一般由动词或动词短语来充当,一般放在主语之后。
谓语和主语在人称和数两方面必须一致.谓语的构成如下:1.简单谓语:由一个动词或动词短语构成。
例如:I like apples. (动词)He practices running every morning. (动词短语)2.复合谓语:(1)由(情态动词或其他助动词+动词原形)构成;例如:You may keep the book for two weeks。
(完整版)初中英语句子成分讲解_练习及答案
句子成分及基本句型一、考点、热点回顾【句子的成分】在英文中句子成分包括:主语、谓语、宾语(直接宾语、间接宾语)、表语、定语和状语、宾语补足语等。
(一)主语:主语是谓语讲述的对象,表示所说的“是什么”或“是谁”。
一般由名词、代词、不定式或相当于名词的词或短语来充当。
它在句首。
如:(1)Lucy is a beautiful nurse. (名词作主语)(2)He reads newspapers every day. (代词作主语)(3)Smoking is harmful to the health. (动名词作主语)(4)To swim in Kunming Lake is a great pleasure.(不定式作主语)(5)What we should do is not yet decided. (主语从句作主语)(二)谓语说明主语“做什么”“是什么”或“怎么样”。
谓语(谓语部分里主要的词)必须是动词。
谓语和主语在人称和数两方面必须一致。
它在主语后面。
如:His parents are teachers. (系动词和表语一起作谓语)We study hard. (行为动词作谓语)We don’t finish reading the book. (助动词和行为动词一起作谓语)He can speak English. (情态动词和行为动词一起作谓语)(三)宾语宾语是动作、行为的对象,由名词、代词、不定式或相当于名词的词、短语来担任,它和及物动词一起说明主语做什么。
一般放在谓语之后。
She is doing her homework now.(名词作宾语)She says(that)she is ill.(宾语从句作动词宾语)We often help him.(代词作宾语)He likes to play basketball.(不定式作宾语)We enjoy listening to the music. 我们喜欢听音乐。
(英语)初中英语句子结构与成分解题技巧讲解及练习题(含答案)
(英语)初中英语句子结构与成分解题技巧讲解及练习题(含答案)一、句子结构与成分1.Which structure is right?A. Your father is ill in bed.(S+V)B. Your friend fell down.(S+V+O)C. Your team won the match.(S+V+O+OC)D. He seems ill.(S+V+P)【答案】 D【解析】【分析】句意:哪个结构是正确的? A is 是系动词,故是主系表结构形式,S+V 表示主谓,B fell 是不及物动词,故是主谓形式,S+V+O 表示主谓宾,C the match是宾语,故是主谓宾形式,S+V+O+O表示主谓双宾,Dseem是系动词,故是主系表形式, S+V+P 表示主系表,故选D。
【点评】考查句子结构,注意seem是系动词的用法。
2.Choose the correct structure(结构) of this sentence "He lent me a book."A. S+V+OB. S+V+IO+DOC. S+V+PD. S+V+DO+OC【答案】B【解析】【分析】句意“He lent me a book”。
he为主语S;lent为谓语V;me为间接宾语IO; a book为直宾DO。
故结构为S+V+IO+DO。
故选B。
【点评】此题考查简单句的结构。
3.What is the sentence pattern(句型)of the sentence"Linda bought a book yesterday."?A. S+V B. S+V+O C. S+V +IO +DO D. S+V+O+OC【答案】B【解析】【分析】句意:"Linda bought a book yesterday."属于哪种句型。
A是主谓结构;B 是主谓宾结构;C是主谓+间接宾语+直接宾语;D是主谓+宾语+宾补。
初中英语句子成分讲解_练习及答案
句子成分及基本句型一、考点、热点回顾【句子的成分】在英文中句子成分包括:主语、谓语、宾语(直接宾语、间接宾语)、表语、定语和状语、宾语补足语等。
(一)主语:主语是谓语讲述的对象,表示所说的“是什么”或“是谁”。
一般由名词、代词、不定式或相当于名词的词或短语来充当。
它在句首。
如:(1)Lucy is a beautiful nurse. (名词作主语)(2)He reads newspapers every day. (代词作主语)(3)Smoking is harmful to the health. (动名词作主语)(4)To swim in Kunming Lake is a great pleasure.(不定式作主语)(5)What we should do is not yet decided. (主语从句作主语)(二)谓语说明主语“做什么”“是什么”或“怎么样”。
谓语(谓语部分里主要的词)。
谓语和主语在人称和数两方面必须一致。
它在主语后面。
如:His parents are teachers. (系动词和表语一起作谓语)We study hard. (行为动词作谓语)We don’t finish reading the book. (助动词和行为动词一起作谓语)He can speak English. (情态动词和行为动词一起作谓语)(三)宾语宾语是动作、行为的对象,由名词、代词、不定式或相当于名词的词、短语来担任,它和及物动词一起说明主语做什么。
一般放在谓语之后。
She is doing her homework now.(名词作宾语)She says(that)she is ill.(宾语从句作动词宾语)We often help him.(代词作宾语)He likes to play basketball.(不定式作宾语)We enjoy listening to the music. 我们喜欢听音乐。
初中英语句子成分讲解-练习及答案
句子成分及基本句型英语句子成分歌英语句子八呀八大块,主谓宾表真呀真实在;补语跟着宾语表语跑,定语同位(语)专把名词踹。
状语的位置它自由自在,忽右忽左随心所欲摆。
浑身的毛病真呀真不少,前后乱窜它还会加塞。
(RAP)【句子的成分】在英文中句子成分包括:主语、谓语、宾语(直接宾语、间接宾语)、表语、定语、同位语和状语、宾语补足语等。
(一)主语:主语是谓语讲述的对象,表示所说的“是什么”或“是谁”。
一般由名词、代词、不定式或相当于名词的词或短语来充当。
它在句首。
如:(1)Lucy is a beautiful nurse. (名词作主语)(2)He reads newspapers every day. (代词作主语)(3)Smoking is harmful to the health. (动名词作主语)(4)To swim in Kunming Lake is a great pleasure.(不定式作主语)(5)What we should do is not yet decided. (主语从句作主语)(二)谓语说明主语“做什么”“是什么”或“怎么样”。
谓语(谓语部分里主要的词)必须是动词。
谓语和主语在人称和数两方面必须一致。
它在主语后面。
如:His parents are teachers. (系动词和表语一起作谓语)We study hard. (行为动词作谓语)We don’t finish reading the book. (助动词和行为动词一起作谓语)He can speak English. (情态动词和行为动词一起作谓语)(三)宾语宾语是动作、行为的对象,由名词、代词、不定式或相当于名词的词、短语来担任,它和及物动词一起说明主语做什么。
一般放在谓语之后。
She is doing her homework now.(名词作宾语)She says(that)she is ill.(宾语从句作动词宾语)We often help him.(代词作宾语)He likes to play basketball.(不定式作宾语)We enjoy listening to the music. 我们喜欢听音乐。
【英语】初中英语句子结构与成分解题技巧讲解及练习题(含答案)及解析
【英语】初中英语句子结构与成分解题技巧讲解及练习题(含答案)及解析一、句子结构与成分1.Which structure is right?A.Your father is ill in bed.(S+V)B.Your friend fell down.(S+V+O)C.Your team won the match.(S+V+O+OC)D.He seems ill.(S+V+P)【答案】D【解析】【分析】句意:哪个结构是正确的?A is是系动词,故是主系表结构形式,S+V 表示主谓,B fell是不及物动词,故是主谓形式,S+V+O表示主谓宾,C the match是宾语,故是主谓宾形式,S+V+O+O表示主谓双宾,Dseem是系动词,故是主系表形式,S+V+P表示主系表,故选D。
【点评】考查句子结构,注意seem是系动词的用法。
2.—What an interesting story she told us!—Yes,and her voice sounded________.A.sweetB.smallC.clearlyD.sadly【答案】A【解析】【分析】句意:——他给我们讲的是多么有趣的故事啊!——是的,她的声音听起来很甜美。
sweet甜的;small小的;clearly清楚地;sadly伤心地。
sound是系动词,后跟形容词,故选A。
【点评】考查系表结构。
3.What is the sentence pattern(句型)of the sentence"Linda bought a book yesterday."?A.S+V B.S+V+O C.S+V+IO+DO D.S+V+O+OC【答案】B【解析】【分析】句意:"Linda bought a book yesterday."属于哪种句型。
A是主谓结构;B 是主谓宾结构;C是主谓+间接宾语+直接宾语;D是主谓+宾语+宾补。
初中英语句子成分分析含练习含答案
一. 主语 (1)二. 谓语 (2)三. 表语 (3)四. 宾语 (4)五. 补语 (7)六. 定语 (8)七. 同位语 (9)八. 状语 (10)句子是按照一定的语法规律组成的,表达一个完整的意义。
一个句子一般由两部分构成,即主语部分和谓语部分,这两部分也叫做句子的主要成分。
句子的次要成分包括宾语,定语,状语,表语、同位语等。
一.主语:主语(subject) 是一个句子的主题( theme),是句子所述说的主体、对象。
它的位置一般在一句之首。
可用作主语的有一个单词、短语、从句乃至句子。
1.名词作主语。
A tree has fallen across the road. (一棵树倒下横在路上。
)Little streams feed big rivers. ( 小河流入大江。
)2.代词用作主语。
He told a joke but it fell flat. (他说了个笑话,但没有引人发笑)Everybody enjoyed themselves on vacation. 假期里大家都过得很愉快。
3.数词用作主语。
如:Three is enough. 三个就够了。
Four from seven leaves three. 7减4余3。
4.名词化的形容词用作主语。
The old and the young are taken good care of in that village.5.副词用作主语(极少见)。
Now is the time. 现在是时候了。
6.名词化的介词作主语。
The ups and downs of life must be taken as they come. 我们必须承受人生之沉浮。
7.不定式用作主语。
To find your way can be a problem.你能否找到路可能是一个问题。
It is impossible to defeat a person who never gives up.要打败一个永不放弃的人是不可能的。
【初中英语】句子结构与成分知识点总结及经典习题(含答案)精品资料
【初中英语】句子结构与成分知识点总结及经典习题(含答案)精品资料一、句子结构与成分1.The shop ________ from 9 a. m. to 5 p. m. But it ________ at 4: 30 on Sundays.A. opens; closesB. opens; is closedC. is open; closes【答案】 C【解析】【分析】句意:商店从上午9点到下午5点营业,但是星期天在4点半关门。
根据from 9 a. m. to 5 p. m是段时间,用表示持续性状态的动词或形容词,open是瞬间动词,描述客观事实用一般现在时,主语是it,第三人称单数,故谓语动词是单三式,故选C。
【点评】考查动词,注意持续性动词和主谓一致的用法。
2.Which of the following sentences is correct?A. He came in and sat down.B. We all like <Harry Potter>.C. When we met. He didn't say hello.D. We went out, headed for the bus stop.【答案】 A【解析】【分析】句意:下面那个句子是正确的。
A是简单句,came和sat是并列谓语,都是一般过去式,所以A正确。
B中的符号不符合英语习惯,在英语中没有书名号,表示书名时通常用斜体字形式。
C句的标点符号是错误的,把met后的句号改为逗号才符合复合句的定义。
D句中headed前应加上and或者将headed改为heading构成伴随状语。
因此选A。
【点评】考查句法知识。
3.—What an interesting story she told us!—Yes, and her voice sounded ________.A. sweetB. smallC. clearlyD. sadly【答案】 A【解析】【分析】句意:——他给我们讲的是多么有趣的故事啊!——是的,她的声音听起来很甜美。
初中英语句子成分讲解_练习及答案
句子成分及基本句型一、考点、热点回顾【句子的成分】在英文中句子成分包括:主语、谓语、宾语(直接宾语、间接宾语)、表语、定语和状语、宾语补足语等。
(一)主语:主语是谓语讲述的对象,表示所说的“是什么”或“是谁”。
一般由名词、代词、不定式或相当于名词的词或短语来充当。
它在句首。
如:(1)Lucy is a beautiful nurse. (名词作主语)(2)He reads newspapers every day. (代词作主语)(3)Smoking is harmful to the health. (动名词作主语)(4)To swim in Kunming Lake is a great pleasure.(不定式作主语)(5)What we should do is not yet decided. (主语从句作主语)(二)谓语说明主语“做什么”“是什么”或“怎么样”。
谓语(谓语局部里主要的词)。
谓语和主语在人称和数两方面必须一致。
它在主语后面。
如:His parents are teachers. (系动词和表语一起作谓语)We study hard. (行为动词作谓语)We don’t finish reading the book. (助动词和行为动词一起作谓语)He can speak English. (情态动词和行为动词一起作谓语)(三)宾语宾语是动作、行为的对象,由名词、代词、不定式或相当于名词的词、短语来担任,它和及物动词一起说明主语做什么。
一般放在谓语之后。
She is doing her homework now.(名词作宾语)She says(that)she is ill.(宾语从句作动词宾语)We often help him.(代词作宾语)He likes to play basketball.(不定式作宾语)We enjoy listening to the music. 我们喜欢听音乐。
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初中英语句子成分一.句子的成分:句子的成分是指组成句子的各个部分,即:主语、谓语、表语、宾语(直接宾语和间接宾语)、补足语、定语、状语等。
主要成分:主语和谓语句子的成分次要成分:表语、宾语、补足语、定语、状语等(一)主语:主语是一个句子的主要成分,也是句子所叙述的主体,一般位于句首,Subject 表示句子所说的是“什么人”或“什么事物”。
一般由名词、代词、数词、不定式、动名词、名词化的形容词和主语从句等充当。
注意:在there be结构、疑问(当主语不是疑问词时)和倒装句中,主语位于谓语动词、助动词例如:Tom is a good boy. (名词)We often speak English in class. (代词)One-third of the students in this class are girls. (数词)To swim in the river is a great pleasure. (不定式)Smoking does harm to the health. (动名词)The rich should help the poor. (名词化形容词)When we are going to have an English test has not been decided. (主语从句)It is necessary to master a foreign language.(it为形式主语,真正的主语是不定式)(二)谓语:谓语说明主语所做的动作或具有的特征和状态。
说明主语“做什么”、Predicate “是什么”或“怎么样”,一般由动词或动词短语来充当,一般放在主语之后。
谓语和主语在人称和数两方面必须一致。
谓语的构成如下:1.简单谓语:由一个动词或动词短语构成。
例如:I like apples. ( 动词)He practices running every morning. (动词短语)2.复合谓语:(1)由(情态动词或其他助动词+动词原形)构成;例如:You may keep the book for two weeks.He has caught a bad cold.(2)由(系动词+表语)构成。
We are having a quick breakfast.(三)表语:表语用于说明主语的性质、身份、特征和状态等,说明主语“是什么”Predicative 或“怎么样”。
表语一般由名词、代词、形容词、分词、数词、不定式、动名词、介词短语、副词及从句充当。
它一般位于系动词(如be, keep, remain, become, get. grow, turn,look, seem, feel, smell, sound, taste等)之后。
表语须和连系动词一起构成句子的复合谓语,即成系表结构。
如:My mother is a doctor. (名词)Is it yours? (代词)The weather has turned cold. (形容词)The speech is exciting. (现在分词)The door is closed. (过去分词)Three times seven is twenty one. (数词)His job is to teach English. (不定式)His hobby is playing football. (动名词)The machine must be out of order.(介词短语)Time is up. The class is over. (副词)The truth is that he has never been abroad. (表语从句)(四)宾语:宾语表示动作的对象或承受者,一般位于及物动词和介词后面,和及物Object 动词一起说明主语“做什么”,由名词、代词、数词、名词化的形容词、不定式和宾语从句。
如:They went to see an exhibition yesterday. (名词)The heavy rain prevented me from coming to school on time. (代词)How many dictionaries do you have? I have three. (数词)They helped the old with their housework yesterday. (名词化形容词)He pretended not to see me. (不定式)I enjoy listening to popular music. (动名词)I think (that) he is fit for this job. (宾语从句)宾语种类:< 1 > 双宾语(间接宾语+直接宾语),例如:Lend me your dictionary, please. =Lend your dictionary to me, please.间宾直宾直宾间宾※可带双宾语的动词有bring, give, show, send, pass, tell, lend, offer, buy, make, do等。
“七给” 一“带” to不少, “ 买” 画“ 制作” for来了。
带双宾语的及物动词,如果把直接宾语置于间接宾语之前,必须在变换时加或。
这11个及物动词可以概括如下:1、“七给”(give, pass, lend, write, show, send, hand)和“带”(bring) 8个及物动词,在直接宾语前置时,必须在后面加上“to”。
即+ sb.”如:He lent some money to me.类似动词的还有:get, mail, offer,pay, promise, read, sell, take, teach等2、“buy” (买) ;“draw” (画) ;“make” (制作) 三个动词,在直接宾语前置时,则必须在后边加“for”,构成+ sb.”。
如:。
类似的动词还有:build,choose, cook, cut, do, find, fix, leave, order等。
3、当直接宾语是代词时,间接宾语for和to于直接宾语之后如:Richard made it for him。
理查德为他做的这个东西Give it to me。
把它给我4、有些动词后可单独用直接宾语、间接宾语或双宾语,如ask, teach, tell, owe, pay.I asked John. 我问约翰I asked a question. 我问了一个问题I asked John a question.我问了约翰一个问题< 2 >复合宾语(宾语+宾语补足语),例如:They elected him their monitor.宾语宾语补足语(五)宾语补足语:用来补充说明宾语的特征、状态或身份,宾语补足语可由名词、Object Complement形容词、副词、不定式、分词、介词短语和从句充当。
并与宾语一起构成复合宾语的句子成分,叫做宾语补足语。
英语中有些及物动词,除有一个直接宾语以外,还要有一个宾语补足语,才能使句子的意义完整。
带有宾语补足语的一般句型为:某些及物动词(如make, let, see, find, name等)或介词(如with)+ 宾语+ 宾补。
例如:His father named him Dong Ming. (名词)They painted their boat white. (形容词)Let the fresh air in. (副词)I ask him to go home now. (不定式)We saw her entering the room. (现在分词)He found the door locked. (过去分词)We found everything in the lab in good order. (介词短语)We will soon make our city what your city is now. (从句)(六)定语:修饰名词或代词的词、短语或从句称为定语。
定语可由名词、形容词、Attributive代词、数词、副词、介词短语、不定式、分词等来充当。
Guilin is a beautiful city. (形容词)China is a developing country. (现在分词)America is a developed country. (过去分词)There are thirty women teachers in our school. (名词)His maths is very good. (形容词性物主代词)I am the last person to leave the classroom. (不定式)The teaching plan for next term has been worked out. (动名词)He is reading an article about how to learn German. (介词短语)(七)状语:用来修饰动词、形容词、副词或整个句子,表示行为发生的时间、Adverbial 地点、目的、方式、程度等。
一般由副词、名词、介词短语、不定式、从句或相当于副词的词组或短语等来充当。
如:Light travels most quickly. (副词性词组)He has lived in the city for ten years. (介词短语)He is proud to have passed the national college entrance examination. (不定式)He is in the room making a model plane. (现在分词短语)Wait a minute. (名词)Once you begin, you must continue. (状语从句)状语种类:时间状语、原因状语、条件状语、地点状语、方式状语、目的状语、结果状语、让步状语、伴随状语、比较状语等。
如:How about meeting again at six? (时间状语)Last night he didn’t go to the dance party because of the rain. (原因状语)I shall go there if it doesn’t rain. (条件状语从句)Mr. Smith lived on the third floor. (地点状语)She put the eggs into the basket with great care. (方式状语)She came in with a book in her hand. (伴随状语)In order to catch up with the others, I must work harder. (目的状语)He was so tired that he fell asleep immediately. (结果状语从句)She works very hard though she is old. (让步状语从句)I am taller than he is. (比较状语从句)八、独立成分:与全句没有语法关系的句子成分叫做句子的独立成分感叹词:oh, hello, aha, ah,等。