英美文学第11章--Charles Dickens
Chapters 11-12 英国文学简史ppt(English Literature)
Charles Dickens (1812-1870)
Works Little Dorrit David Copperfield The Pickwick Papers Nicholas Nickleby The Old Curiosity Shop Oliver Twist Great Expectations
middle class. They exhibit a strong sense of history, and see home and
marriage as sacred. All great Victorian novels follows the moral standard. Social realism remains the Victorian novelists’ predominant
✓ Introduction ✓ Vanity Fair
The Victorian Fiction
Three Phases of the Period First Phase: 1830s to the middle of the century
Life had not become totally impossible. Writers who wrote then such as Dickens were basically
optimistic.
Second Phase or High Victorian Phase: the 1870s
The country had changed from an agriculture to an industrial nation.
This was a period of dichotomy and high complexity. Writers such as George Eliot dealt with it with subtle
英美文学知到章节答案智慧树2023年山东第一医科大学
英美文学知到章节测试答案智慧树2023年最新山东第一医科大学第一章测试1.The spirit of Renaissance is ultimately expressed by the intellectualmovement called （）.参考答案:humanism2.The word “Renaissance” means （）.参考答案:revival3.（） is not among the four great tragedies created by William Shakespeare.参考答案:The Merchant of Venice4.The Hamlet is the best work of William Shakespeare. （）参考答案:错5.Hamlet is a typical conservative prince. （）参考答案:错1.（）Satan is the most well-developed character in Paradise Lost参考答案:Satan2.Paradise Lost is a long epic in （） books.参考答案:123.Paradise Lost is an orthodox poem. （）参考答案:错4.Paradise Lost is widely regarded as the greatest epic poem in English.（）参考答案:对5.（） gains entrance into the Garden of Eden, where he finds Adam and Eveand becomes jealous of them.参考答案:Satan1.Shelley recognized （）as “the most perfect of my products.”参考答案:Prometheus Unbound2.The writing of Prometheus Unbound was inspired by （）’s PrometheusBound.参考答案:Aeschylus3.Percy Bysshe Shelley was in Italy when he heard the news of the PeterlooMassacre. He immediately responded by writing The Mask of Anarchy. （）参考答案:对4.Shelley, Byron and Keats are regarded as the three great poets of therevolutionary romanticism in England. （）参考答案:对5.Prometheus Unbound is a five-act lyrical drama, a closet drama. （）参考答案:错1.Victorian Period is the Age of prosperity and progress. It is the richest andmost powerful age of Britain. During this period British society had become the 1st urban and industrial one in the world. （）参考答案:对2.Who coined the expression “survival of the fittest”?（）。
英美文学PPT课件
Charles·Dickens(1812~1870),a British novelist. At the age of 10 his families were forced to move into debtors prison. When 15 years old, Dickens became an apprentice in a law firm and later a civil court judge clerk and then a newspaper reporter stationed in parliament. He had only a few years school life .But thanks to assiduous self-study he became a famous writer.
“ the genius who most fully expressed his contemporaries in the common interest”---Stefan Zweig
Writing CareerFra bibliotekearly years）
In 1833 Dickens’s first story, A Dinner at Poplar Walk was published in London periodical, Monthly Magazine. His first novel The Pickwick Papers get a great success in March 1836.
BLEAK HOUSE
狄更斯是个高产作家，他凭着勤奋和天 赋创作出一大批经典著作。他是19世纪 英国现实主义文学的主要代表。他的作 品以妙趣横生的幽默、细致入微的心理 分析以及现实主义描写与浪漫主义气氛 的有机结合而著称。
英美文学各章要点总结中英对照
Chapter1 The Renaissance period（14世纪至十七世纪中叶）文艺复兴1. 1.Humanism is the essence of the Renaissance.人文主义是文艺复兴的核心。
2. 2.the Greek and Roman civilization was based on such a conception that man is the measure of all things.人文主义作为文艺复兴的起源是因为古希腊罗马文明的基础是以“人”为中心，人是万物之灵。
3. 3.Renaissance humanists found in then classics a justification to exalt human nature and came to see thathuman beings were glorious creatures capable of individual development in the direction of perfection, and that the world they inhabited was theirs not to despise but to question, explore, and enjoy.人文主义者们却从古代文化遗产中找到充足的论据，来赞美人性，并开始注意到人类是崇高的生命，人可以不断发展完善自己，而且世界是属于他们的，供他们怀疑，探索以及享受。
4. 4.Thomas More, Christopher Marlowe and William Shakespeare are the best representatives of the Englishhumanists.托马斯.摩尔，克利斯朵夫.马洛和威廉.莎士比亚是英国人文主义的代表。
5. 5.Wyatt introduced the Petrarchan sonnet into England.怀亚特将彼特拉克的十四行诗引进英国。
大学英语英国文学Charles Dickens
Charles Dickens
William Powell Frith, Portrait of Charles Dickens, London, Victoria and Albert Museum.
Charles Dickens
1. Dickens’s life
Only Connect ... New Directions
Critical Realists
• In this period, the novel became the most widely read and the most vital and challenging expression of progressive thought. Among the famous novelists of the time were the critical realists like:
• In 1836 Sketches by Boz, articles about London people and scenes, were published in instalments.
Only Connect ... New Directions
Evert A. Duyckinick, Charles Dickens
5. Dickens’ Style
The most distinguished feature of Dickens’ fictional art is his
successful character-portrayal.
The penetrating effect of satire is frequently achieved by Dickens
美国文学chapter 11 li
Chapter 11 Naturalism1. Background: influence of French naturalist: Emile Zola (1840-1902), Flaubert, Charles Darwin: origin of species, the natural selection, survival of the fittest, the struggleHerbert Spencer : social Darwinism2.Definition: application of the principles of scientific determinism to fiction, special form of realism from thelast decade of the 19th century to 1930s, important branch of realismSimilarity with realism: truthful to life, difference: selective of materials to scientific theory; the violent, sensational, sordid, unpleasant, and ugly aspects of life3.: Main features:A. human beings animals, controlled by laws of heredity and environmentB. cold universe, godless, indifferent, hostile4. Main Writers1) Stephen Crane (1871-1900)A. Life: New Jersey, pastor, 14th child, father dies in 1880, supports family by educated mother by writingabout religious activities, insane in 1886 and dies in 1891, taken care by brothers and sisters, 2 years’ higher education, journalist in New York, to Cuba, health destroyed, live in the U. kB. Literary career: Maggie: A Girl of the Streets (1893), The Red Badge of Courage (1895), George’s Mother(1896), The Open Boat海上扁舟(1897), The monster and Other Stories怪物及其它短篇小说(1899) collection of Poems: The Black Riders (1895), War is Kind (1899)Maggie: A Girl of the Streets: praised by W. D. Howells and H. Garland, Maggie: daughter of the Johnsons in the slum of New York, worker, Peter: waiter, seduces, refused to home, prostitute, drownedGeorge’s M other: young worker George, with widowed mother, lured by luxurious life, enrages mother, and ill and diesThe Red Badge of Courage: the American Civil War, Henry Fleming, ridiculous war, impressionism, compact structure and rich imaginationC．Style: simple but powerful, colloquial language, influence on Hemingway, Fitsgerald, and Faulkner2) Frank Norris (1870-1902): Father of American Naturalism, transition from romanticism to realism1)Life: Chicago, businessman, move to San Francisco in 1884, painting in Paris, study math in College ofCalifornia, without degree, to Harvard after the divorce of his parents, work in printing company2)Literary career: Mcteague (1899), V andover and the Brute凡陀弗与兽性(1914), The Octopus章鱼(1901), Moran of the Lady Letty“莱蒂夫人号”上的莫兰(1898), The Pit陷阱(1903)Mcteague: life in the slum of San Francisco, Mcteague, learn to be dentist from a quack, marries, win money in lottery, accused by friend Marx for illegal practice, kill wife to get mony, run, fight with Marx and both dieEpic of wheat: The Octopus，The Pit。
Charles Dickens11
1851—1853 A Child’s History of England （写给孩子看的英国历史）
1852—1853 Bleak House （荒凉山庄）
1854 Hard Times （艰难时期）
1855—1857 Little Dorrit （小杜丽） 1859 A Tale of Two Cities （双城记）
His Life
happiest time 9, Poor quarter
Portsmouth, Hampshire
Family in debt
12, blacking Factory (鞋油作坊).
prison for debt
His Life
in 1836
Sketches by Boz 《博兹特写集》
狄更斯故居--荒凉山庄
In 1830,he met his first love,Maria Beadnell.This courtship ended with Maria‟s parents disapproval.
In 1836, he married Catherine Thomson Hogarth,and had 10 children. In 1858 ,he divorced Catherine and then lived secretly with an actress Ellen Ternen
Monks( Oliver’s older half brother who doesn’t want to share his inheritance with him )
The characters can be divided into four groups: 好人 (Oliver Twist ; Rose)
.Charles Dickens查尔斯·狄更斯
Dickens was born February 7, 1812, in Portsmouth and spent most of his childhood in London and Kent, both of which appear frequently in his novels. He started school at the age of nine, but his education was interrupted when his father, an amiable but careless minor civil servant, was imprisoned for debt in 1824. The boy was then forced to support himself by working in a shoepolish factory. A resulting sense of humiliation and abandonment haunted him for life, and he later described this experience, only slightly altered, in his novel David Copperfield (1849-1850).
Charles Dickens
(1812-1870)
Charles John Huffam Dickens, English novelist and one of the most popular writers in the history of literature. In his enormous body of works, Dickens combined masterly storytelling, humor, pathos, and irony with sharp social criticism and acute observation of people and places, both real and imagined. The inscription on his tombstone in Poet's Corner, Westminster Abbey reads: "He was a sympathizer to the poor, the suffering, and the oppressed; and by his death, one of England's greatest writers is lost to the world".
2021年自考《英美文学选读》(英)维多利亚时期：Charles Dickens
2021年自考《英美文学选读》（英）维多利亚时期：CharlesDickensI.Charles Dickens1. 一般识记His Life & Literary CareerCharles Dickens (1812-1870) was born at Portsmouth. His father， a poor clerk in the Navy Pay office，was put into the Marsalsea Prison for debt when young Charles was only 12 years old. The son had to give up schooling to work in an underground cellar at a shoe-blacking factory - a position he considered most humiliating. We find the bitter experiences of that suffering child reflected in many of Dickens’s novels. In 1827，Charles entered a lawyer’s office，& two years later he became a Parliamentary reporter for newspapers. From 1833 Dickens began to write occasional sketches of London life，which were later collected & published under the title Sketches by Boz (1836)。
Soon The Posthumous Papers of the Pickwick Club (1836-1837) appeared in monthly installments. And since then，his life became one of endless hard work. In his later years，he gave himself to public readings of his works，which brought plaudits & comfort but also exhausted him. In 1870，this man of great heart & vitality died of overwork，leaving his last novel unfinished.2. 识记His Major WorksUpon his death，Dickens left to the world a rich legacy of 15 novels & a number of short stories. They offer a most complete & realistic picture of English society of his age & remain the highest achievement in the 19th-century English novel. In nearly all his novels，behind the gloomy pictures of oppression & poverty，behind the loud humor & buffoonery，is his gentleness，his genial mirth，& his simple faith in mankind.The following is a list of his novels & other collections in three periods：(1) Period of youthful optimistSketches by Boz (1836); The Posthumous Papers of the Pickwick Club (1836-1837); Oliver Twist (1837-1838); Nicholas Nickleby (1838-1839); The Old Curiosity Shop (1840-1841); Barnaby Rudge(1841)(2) Period of excitement & irritationAmerican Notes (1842); Martin Chuzzlewit (1843-1845); A Christmas Carol (1843); Dombey & Son (1846-1848); David Copperfield (1849-1850)(3) Period of steadily intensifying pessimismBleak House (1852-1853); Hard Times (1854); Little Dorrit (1855-1857); A Tale of Two Cities (1859); Great Expectations (1860-1861); Our Mutual Friend (1864-1865); Edwin Drood (unfinished)(1870)3. 领会Distinct Features of His Novels(1) Character Sketches & ExaggerationIn his novels are found about 19 hundred figures，some of whom are really such “ typical characters under typical circumstances，” t hat they become proverbial or representative of a whole group of similar persons.As a master of characterization，Dickens was skillful in drawing vivid caricatural sketches by exaggerating some peculiarities，& in giving them exactly the actions & words that fit them：that is，right words & right actions for the right person.(2) Broad Humor & Penetrating SatireDickens is well known as a humorist as well as a satirist. He sometimes employs humor to enliven a scene or lighten a character by making it (him or her) eccentric，whimsical，or laughable. Sometimes he uses satire to ridicule human follies or vices，with the purpose of laughing them out of existence or bring about reform.(3) Complicated & Fascinating PlotDickens seems to love complicated novel constructions with minor plots beside the major one，or two parallel major plots within one novel. He is also skillful at creating suspense & mystery to make the story fascinating.(4) The Power of ExposureAs the greatest representative of English critical realism，Dickens made his novel the instrument of morality & justice. Each of his novels reveals a specific social problem.4. 领会His Literary Creation & Literary AchievementsCharles Dickens is one of the greatest critical realistic writers of the Victorian Age. It is his serious intention to expose & criticize in his works all the poverty，injustice，hypocrisy & corruptness he saw all around him. In his works，Dickens sets a full map & a large-scale criticism of the 19th-century England，particularly London. A combination of optimism about people & realism about society is obvious in these works. His representative works in the early period include Oliver Twist，David Copperfield & so on.His later works show a highly conscious modern artist. The settings are more complicated; the stories are better structured. Most novels of this period present a sharper criticism of social evils & morals of the Victorian England，for example，Bleak House，Hard Times，Great Expectations & so on. The early optimism could no more be found.Charles Dickens is a master story-teller. His language could，in a way，be compared with Shakespeare’s. His humor & wit seem inexhaustible. Character-portrayal is the most outstanding feature of his works. His characterizations of child (Oliver Twist，etc.)，some grotesque people (Fagin，etc.) & some comical people (Mr. Micawber，etc.) are superb. Dickens also employs exaggeration in his works. Dickens’s works ar e also characterized by a mixture of humor & pathos.5. 应用Selected ReadingAn Excerpt from Chapter III of Oliver TwistThe novel is famous for its vivid descriptions of the workhouse & life of the underworld in the 19th-century London. The author’s intimate knowledge of people of the lowest order & of the city itself apparently comes from his journalistic years. Here the novel also presents Oliver Twist as Dickens’s first child hero & Fagin the first grotesque figure.This section，Chapter III of the novel，is a detailed account of how he is punished for that “ impious & profane offence of asking for more” & how he is to be sold. At three pound ten，to Mr. Gamfield，the notorious chimneysweeper. Though we can afford a smile now & then，we feel more the pitiable state of the orphan boy & the cruelty & hypocrisy of the workhouse board.。
英美文学选读自考题-11_真题-无答案
英美文学选读自考题-11(总分100,考试时间90分钟)Ⅰ.Multiple ChoiceSelect from the four choices of each item the one that best answers the question or completes the statement. Mark your choice by blacking the corresponding letter A, B, C or D on the answer sheet.1. Romance, which uses narrative verse or prose to sing ______ adventures or other heroic deeds, is a popular literary form in the medieval period.A. Christian B. knightly C. Greek D. primitive2. The Petrarchan sonnet was first introduced into England by ______.A. Surrey B. Wyatt C. Sidney D. Shakespeare3. Shakespeare's dramatic career can be divided into four periods. It was in the ______ period that his style and approach became highly individualized.A. first B. second C. third D. fourth4. ______ is probably Milton's most memorable prose work.A. Paradise Lost B. Paradise Regained C. Samson Agonistes D. Areopagitica5. In the Neoclassical Period, along with the fast economic development, the British ______ or middle class also grew rapidly.A. working class B. bougeois C. the poor people D. under-controled class6. The Enlightenment Movement brought about a revival of interest in the old classical works in the field of literature. This tendency is known as ______.A. humanism B. realism C. symbolism D. neoclassicism7. In Robinson Crusoe, Daniel Defoe glorifies all the following qualities of the middleclass men except ______.A. the indignity of labour B. religious devotion C. loyalty to the king D. pioneering spirit8. The 18th century witnessed that in England there appeared two political parties, ______, which were satirized by Swift in his Gulliver's Travels.A. the Whigs and Tories B. the Senate and the House of Representative C. the Upper House and Lower House D. the House of Lords and the House of Commons9. Of all the eighteenth century novelists, ______ was the first to set out, both in theory and practice, to write specifically a "comic epic in prose", and the first to give the modern novel its structure and style.A. Daniel Defoe B. Samuel Richardson C. Henry Fielding D. Oliver Goldsmith10. William Godwin, who exerted a great influence on Wordsworth, Shelley and other poets, wrote passionately against the injustices of the economic system and the oppression of the poor in his ______.A. Du Contrat Social B. Emile C. Inquiry Concerning Political Justice D. Declaration of Rights of Man11. The Romantic period is an age of ______. Blake, Wordsworth, Coleridge, Byron, Shelley and Keats are the major representatives.A. novel B. drama C. essay D. poetry12. Which of the **ments on William Blake is not true?______A. Childhood is central to Blake's concern in the Songs of Innocence and Songs of Experience. B. Blake's Marriage of Heaven and Hell marks his entry into maturity. C. The Book of Loss is his masterpiece. D. Symbolism in wide range is a distinctive feature of his poetry.13. With so many poems such as "The Sparrow's Nest" "To a Skylark" "To the Cuckoo" and "To a Butterfly", William Wordsworth is regarded as a "______".A. poet of genius B. worshipper of nature C. royal poet D. conservative poet14. In the following writers, who isn't American?______A. Washington Irving. B. Robert Lee Frost. C. Theodore Dreiser. D. John Keats.15. The novel Pride and Prejudice mainly deals with the five Bennet sisters and their search for suitable husbands, centering on the love story between ______ and ______.A. Jane, Bingley B. Lydia, Wickham C. Elizabeth, Darcy D. Charlotte, Collins16. English critical realism found its expression chiefly in the form of ______.A. novel B. drama C. poetry D. sonnet17. Among the works by Charles Dickens ______ presents his criticism of the Utilitarian principle that rules over the English education system and destroys young hearts and minds.A. Bleak House B. Pickwick Paper C. Great Expectations D. Hard Times18. The success of Jane Eyre is not only because of its sharp criticism of the existing society, but also due to its introduction to the English novel the first ______ heroine.A. explorer B. peasant C. worker D. governess19. "Self-conceited" "cruel" and "tyrannical" are most likely the features of the characters in ______.A. Robert Browning's My Last Duchess B. Christopher Marlowe's Dr. Faustus C. Shakespeare's Love's Labour's Lost D. Sheridan's The School for Scandal20. Tess of the D'Urbervilles, one of Thomas Hardy's best known novels, portrays man as ______.A. being hereditarily either good or bad B. being self-sufficient C. having no control over his own fate D. still retaining his own faith in a world of confusion21. George Bernard Shaw's career as a dramatist began in 1892, when his first play ______ was put on by the Independent Theater Society.A. Candida B. Widower's Houses C. Mrs. Warren's Profession D. The Apple Cart22. The major concern of ______ fiction lies in the tracing of the psychological development of his characters and in his energetic criticism of the dehumanizing effect of the capitalist industrialization on human nature.A. D.H. Lawrence's B. J. Galsworthy's C. W. Thackeray's D. T. Hardy's23. The hightide of Romanticism in American literature occurred around ______.A. 1820 B. 1850 C. 1880 D. 192024. The idea that "There is evil in every human heart, which may remain latent, perhaps, through the whole life; but circumstances may rouse it to activity" is reflected in ______.A. Young Goodman Brown B. Moby-Dick C. Rip Van Winkle D. Walden25. In Whitman's Leaves of Grass, openness, freedom, and above all ______, are all that concerned him.A. individualism B. collectivism C. romanticism D. modernism26. In "There Was a Child Went Forth", Whitman's own early experience may well be identified with the childhood of a young, growing ______.A. America B. England C. Greek D. Roman27. The giant Moby Dick may symbolize all except ______.A. mystery of the universe B. sin of the whale C. power of the great nature D. evil of the world28. ______ is not a dominant figure of the Realistic Period.A. Mark Twain B. William Dean Howells C. Henry James D. Washington Irving29. In Henry James's Daisy Miller, the "Americanness" in Daisy is revealed by her ______.A. vulgarity in language and taste B. expensive jewels and clothes C. lack of grace and patience D. relatively unreserved manners30. However, ______, the keynote of Daisy Miller's character, turns out to be an admiring but a dangerous quality and her defiance of social taboos in the Old World finally brings her to a disaster in the clash between two different cultures.A. experience B. sophistication C. worldliness D. innocence31. Which of the following works does not show Dickinson's confusion and doubt about the role of women in the 19th century America?A. I'm "wife"—I've finished that B. I heard a Fly buzz—When I died C. I cannot live with You D. I'm ceded32. By the end of Sister Carrie, Dreiser writes, "It was forever to be the pursuit of that radiance of delight which tints the distant hilltops of the world." Dreiser implies that ______. A. there is a bright future lying ahead B. there is no end to man's desire C. one should always be forward looking D, happiness is found in the end33. Who is not considered to be the master in the field of American fiction?______A. F. Scott Fitzgerald. B. Ernest Hemingway. C. William Faulkner. D. Walt Whitman.34. When he was eighty-seven he read his poetry at the inauguration of President John F. Kennedy in 1961. This poet was ______.A. Ezra Pound B. Robert Frost C. E.E. Cummings D. Wallace Stevens35. ______ is widely acclaimed "founder of the American drama" and recognized even more as a major figure in world literature.A. Ernest Hemingway B. William Faulkner C. Washington Irving D. Eugene O'Neill36. In Fitzgerald's The Great Gatsby, there are detailed descriptions of big parties. The purpose of such descriptions is to show ______.A. emptiness of life B. the corruption of the upper class C. contrast of the rich and the poor D. the happy days of the Jazz Age37. Lots of people rushed to Gatsby's party at the weekend and they clustered around Gatsby's wealth like ______.A. gluttons B. flies C. insects D. moths38. "Nick Adams" is a character who frequently appears in ______ stories.A. William Faulkner's B. Theodore Dreiser's C. Mark Twain's D. Ernest Hemingway's39. Which of the following statements about Emily Grierson, the protagonist in Faulkner's story A Rose for Emily, is not true?______A. She has a distorted personality. B. She is physically deformed and paralyzed. C. She is the symbol of the old values of the South. D. She is the victim of the past glory.40. "They rose when she entered—a small, fat woman in black, with a thin gold chain descending to her waist and vanishing into her belt, leaning on an ebony cane with a tarnished gold head. Her skeleton was small and spare;..." These sentences are taken from ______.A. Charlotte Bronte's The Professor B. William Faulkner's A Rose for Emily C. Charles Dickens's Dombey and Son D.D.H. Lawrence's Sons and LoversⅡ.Reading ComprehensionRead the quoted parts carefully and answer the questions in English. Write your answers in thecorresponding space on the answer sheet.1. Read the following quotation and answer the questions."Not on thy sole but on thy soul, harsh Jew..."Questions:A. Who is the author of the quotation?B. What's the title of this book?C. Here, what's the meaning of "soul" and "sole'?2. "She no sooner came home than she sent for the gamekeeper, and ordered him to bring his daughter to her; saying she would provide for her in the family, and might possibly place the girl about her own person, when her own maid, who was now going away, had left her."Questions:A. Identify the title and the author.B. What story does the novel tell?3. "Do you think I was brought up like you? Able to pick and choose my own way of life? Do you think I did what I did because I liked it, or thought it right...?"Questions:A. Where is it taken from?B. Who is the author of the play?C. What does the statement mean?4. "Two roads diverged in a yellow wood,/And sorry I could not travel both."Questions:A. Who is the author?B. What does "diverged" mean?C. What does the line imply?Ⅲ.Questions and AnswersGive a brief answer to each of the following questions in English. Write your answers in the corresponding space on the answer sheet.1. List at least two leading Neoclassicists in England. What did Neoclassicists celebrate in literary creation?2. Charles Dickens is one of the greatest critical realist writers of the Victoria Age. Make a **ment on his novels.3. What are the influences of Darwinism and French Naturalism on American literature in its Realistic Period?4. How do you understand Hemingway's "Iceberg Principle" according to his works?Ⅳ.Topic DiscussionWrite no less than 150 words on each of the following topics in English in the corresponding space on the answer sheet.1. Literarily Blake was the first important romantic poet, showing contempt for the rule of reason, opposing the classical tradition of the 18th century, and treasuring the individual's imagination. Please make a comment on William Blake's poetry.2. In novel writing, Lawrence is chiefly concerned with human relationships. He was also one of the first novelists to introduce themes of psychology into his works. Please give a short introduction to the major characteristics of D.H. Lawrence's literary creation.。
英美文学(查尔斯.狄更斯主要作品及简介)
Charles Darnay The dead man and woman
Marquis St.Evremonde
They were killed by
Details
On a night of December 1767, the marquis St.Evremonde. asked the doctor Manette to see two patients, but finally they all died. The doctor knew that the two were directly killed by the marquis , and the marquis framed up the doctor and put him into prison. 18 years later the doctor was out of jail and found his daughter Lucie who was raised by the servant named Miss Pross. There were two men looks very like ,and they all wanted to marry Lucie one was called Charles Darnay , the nephew of the French marquis,the other named Sydney Carton,in the end Lucie was married to Darnay. Madame defarge was very against the marriage of Lucie and Darnay , she made a false charge against Darnay ,and he was sentenced to be hanged, Carton used the narcotic(麻醉药) to drive Darnay was in a coma ,he bore the death for his friend just wanted his friends would enjoy a happy life.
考研英美文学名词解释
英美文学名词解释Terms in English and American Literature1. Aestheticism/the Aestheticism Movement (唯美主义)A European phenomenon during the middle of the 19th century that had its chief headquarters in France. This movement was introduced to late Victorian England mainly Walter Pater as a reaction against the materialism and mercialism of an industrialized society. It was also a reaction against theVictorian convention of art for morality’s sake, or art for money’s sake. The major tenets of thismovement include the belief in the autonomy of a work of art, the emphasis on craft andartistry--the theory of “art for art’s sake”. The most outstanding Victorian representatives ofthis movement included Oscar Wilde.2. Allegory（寓言）A tale in verse or prose in which characters, actions, or settings represent abstract ideas or moral qualities. An allegory is a story with two meanings, a literal meaning and a symbolic meaning.寓言：用诗歌或散文讲的故事，在这个故事中人物、事件或背景往往代表抽象的概念或道德品质。
英美文学选段识别
英美文学选段识别选择和识别英美文学选段是一项非常主观的任务，因为每个人对于什么是经典和值得选择的文学作品都有不同的看法。
然而，以下是一些在英美文学中常被认为重要和著名的选段：1. "To be, or not to be, that is the question." - William Shakespeare, Hamlet（“生存还是毁灭，那是个问题。
” - 威廉·莎士比亚，《哈姆雷特》）2. "It was the best of times, it was the worst of times." - Charles Dickens, A Tale of Two Cities（“那是最好的时代，那是最坏的时代。
” - 查尔斯·狄更斯，《双城记》）3. "In the beginning God created the heavens and the earth." - The Bible, Genesis（“起初，上帝创造了天地。
” - 圣经，创世纪）4. "It is a truth universally acknowledged, that a single man in possession of a good fortune, must be in want of a wife." - Jane Austen, Pride and Prejudice（“所有人都公认一个富有的单身汉必须要找个老婆。
” - 简·奥斯汀，《傲慢与偏见》）5. "I wandered lonely as a cloud." - William Wordsworth, "I Wandered Lonely as a Cloud"（“我独自徜徉如同一朵云。
” - 威廉·华兹华斯，《我独自徜徉如同一朵云》）6. "It is a truth universally acknowledged, that a single man in possession of a good fortune, must be in want of a wife." - Jane Austen, Pride and Prejudice（“所有人都公认一个富有的单身汉必须要找个老婆。
英美文学选读 习题11
A. Who’s the poet of the quoted stanza?
B. Whom does the“he”refer to?
C. What does the“Lamb”symbolize?
答：
答案：William Blake;God; peace and purity
Fearless and frank, not rattled by the attack of Lady Catherine de Bourgh, she wins a notable cictory, sending her ladyship away completely routed.
She is independent but not infallible in her judgement-- taken in by the charm of the worthless Wickham. She cannot be blamed for misjudging Darcy. She shows flexibility, discernment and honesty of mind when she reads Darcy's defense in his letter and admits the justice of much of what he says.
CHenry James
DWaltman
答：
答案：B
【题型：阅读】【分数：4分】得分：0分
[7]When the minister spoke from the pulpit, with power and fervid eloquence, and, with his hands on the open bible, of the sacred truths of our religion, and of saint-like lives and triumphant deaths, and of future bliss of misery unutterable, then did Goodman Brown turn pale, dreading, lest the roof should thunder down upon the gray blasphemer and his hearers.
charles dickens.ppt
His novels offered us a profound complete realistic picture of the English society of mid-19th century.
character-portrayal
comic laughter
tragedy tears
a great humorist and satirist
humor and satire
Characteristics of Dickens’ Novels
3) The construction of plot in Dickens’ novels is pretty complicated. Besides the main core of the story, there are always more than one minor clues that are usually very loosely mingled with each other.
Major Works
1836—1841, youthful optimism • 1) Sketches by Boz • «特写集», the first book • 2) The Pickwick Papers • «匹克威克外传»
Major Works
3. Oliver Twist «奥克佛·特维斯特»，《雾都孤儿》 4. The Old Curiosity Shop «老古玩店»
rapacity /rә΄pæsәti/
greed
simple & clear language
Charles Dickens英美文学 ppt课件
The greatest representative of English critical realistic writers of the Victorian Age
ppt课件
1
Life Works Literary Characteristics
1. Writing style 2. Writing feature 3. Writing theme 4. Language
采访英国下议院的政策辩论，也时常环游英伦采访各种选举活
动。他开始在各刊物上发表文章，并最终收集成《博兹札记》
（Sketches by Boz）出版，这是他的第一部散文集。
ppt课件
3
death
On 8 June 1870, Dickens suffered another stroke at his home after a full day's work on Edwin Drood«艾德温·德鲁德 之迷». He never regained consciousness, and the next day,
5). The Old Curiosity Shop (1840-1841) «老古玩店»
6). Barnaby Rudge (1841)
«巴纳比·拉奇»
ppt课件
6
1842-1850, The second period-- Period of excitement, irritation and frustration: exposing the corrupting influence of wealth and power, optimism turned into dissatisfaction and irritation
《高中英语阅读课件：CharlesDickens》
Adaptations
"A Christmas Carol" has been adapted into countless stage productions, films, and TV specials, solidifying its status as a beloved Christmas classic.
Legacy and Controversies Surrounding Charles Dickens' Life and Works
1 Criticism of
Victorian Society
Despite his success as a writer, many criticised Dickens for being too critical of Victorian society and the upper classes.
The Early Life and Education of Charles Dickens
1 Humble Beginnings
Born into poverty, Dickens
2 The Power of
Imagination
endured a difficult childhood.
Despite his formal education
2 Questionable
Personal Actions
Dickens' personal life has also been scrutinised, with allegations of mistreatment towards his wife and children, and a controversial affair with a younger woman.
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Charles Dickens（1812-1870）
• The greatest English realist.
•
Group work.
Life and woks:p.128
• He led a hard life in youth and experienced oppression. He was forced to end school in early teens and work in a shoe-polish factory when his father was imprisoned for debt. • A resulting sense of humiliation and abandonment haunted him for life, and he later described this experience, only slightly altered, in his novel David Copperfield (1849-1850).
• 情节：有一天，在济贫院长期吃不饱、饥饿难 耐的孤儿们用抽签方式抽中Oliver 向管事提出 再添一点食物，结果在院内引起轩然大波，管 理层的董事们气急败坏，急欲置Oliver 于死地 而后快。 • 作家以生动的描写和夸张的写法，反映了儿童 在济贫院中的痛苦生活；用讽刺的语言，揭露 了资产阶级和所谓慈善家的丑恶嘴脸和虚伪本 性。
Characteristics of the literature in critical realism:
• 1. Mirror / reflect reality truthfully: 反映现实 • 2. Criticize the dark side of the society: 批判现实
• Read Chapter 2 on p.146 and try to find out where the irony lies and the language characteristics in this chapter. • Translated version: Oliver Twist ch
• Plot: • Oliver and his young companions suffer the “tortures of slow starvation.” One night at dinner, one child tells the others that if he does not have another bowl of gruel he might eat one of them.
His Style:
• Dickens’s works are characterized by attacks on social evils, injustice, and hypocrisy. • Dickens combined masterly storytelling, humor, pathos, and irony with sharp social criticism and acute observation of people and places, both real and imagined. • With a striking force and truthfulness, he creates pictures of bourgeois civilization, describing the misery and sufferings of common people.
References:
• /lit/oliver/
Another two great novelists in critical realism:
• William Makepeace Thackeray: 萨克雷--Vanity Fair 《名利场》 • George Eliot： 艾略特---Adam Bede 《亚 当彼德》
Chapter 1 :
• Oliver Twist is born a sickly infant in a workhouse. The parish surgeon and a drunken nurse attend his birth. • His mother kisses his forehead and dies, and the nurse announces that Oliver’s mother was found lying in the streets the night before. The surgeon notices that she is not wearing a wedding ring.
Major works:
• Posthumous Papers of the Pickwick Club《匹克 威克外传》 • Oliver Twist 《雾都孤儿》 • The Old Curiosity Shop 《老古玩店》 • Dombey and Son 《董贝父子》 • David Copperfield《大卫· 科波菲尔》 • Hard Times《艰难时代》 • A Tale of Two Cities 《双城记》 • Great Expectations 《远大前程》
• For the most part, he was self-educated. In 1835, he began working as a reporter , perhaps developing the power of precise description that was to make his creative writing so remarkable. • He’s always pressed for living. As a result, he wrote lots of installments. • He’s quite productive, and wrote 14 novels in his life.
• “批判地再现当时存在的社会制度和社会关系， 解剖性地暴露、撕毁所有一切的假面具，故称 之为批判现实主义。”——高尔基
Great writers in this period:
• • • • • • • 1. Charles Dickens: 狄更斯 2. William Makepeace Thackeray: 萨克雷 3.George Eliot： 艾略特 4. Bronte Sisters：勃朗特姐妹 5. Thomas Hardy：哈代 6. Tennyson： 丁尼生 7. Robert Browning：布朗宁
• Appreciate chapter 2 from Oliver Twist
Historical Background:
• Queen Victoria as a monarch (1837-1901) • The early half of Victorian Age(维多利亚 时期)： 1. rapid economic development 2. serious social problems: polarization of wealth (两极分化、劳资矛盾)
Critical Realism （Victorian Age） • Learning focus:
• Historical background, literary features , great writers in critical realism
• Charles Dickens’ life and works
Oliver Twist
• The story : p.141
• 雾都孤儿孤儿立弗· 退斯持出生在济贫院， 生长在教区“婴儿所”，小小年纪就到 棺材铺当学徒，不堪其苦跑到伦敦，落 入贼窝……历尽磨折，才得好心人之助， 摆脱悲惨命运。
历史地位与语言特色：
• 《雾都孤儿》是狄更斯的第一部伟大的社会小 说，小说主要反映刚刚通过了济贫法的英国社 会最底层生活, 细致描绘了当时英国下层社会 的种种黑暗，深刻反映了资本主义的虎狼本质。 • 狄更斯堪称一位杰出的语言大师，擅长运用讽 刺、幽默和 夸张的手法塑造出富有鲜明的个性 的人物。
• Mid-Victorian period (1855-1879 about 20years): • relative stability and prosperity (“The good old days”) • Late -Victorian period(30years): decline of British Empire (政体衰落) decay of Victorian values (价值观衰落) British and American competition for world dominance (英美争霸)
• Terrified, the children at the workhouse cast lots, determining that whoever loses shall be required to ask for more food for the boy. • Oliver loses, and after dinner, the other children insist that Oliver ask for more food at supper. • His request so shocks the authorities that they offer five pounds as a reward to anyone who will take Oliver off of their hands.