GRE长难句之“插入语”大集合
2024年高考英语插入语位置单选题30题
2024年高考英语插入语位置单选题30题1.He is, without doubt, the best student in our class.without any hesitationin my opinionafter all答案：without doubt。
“without doubt”是常见的插入语，表示“毫无疑问”。
“without any hesitation”意为“毫不犹豫”，不是插入语的常用表达且位置不合适。
“in my opinion”虽可作插入语，但位置放在这里不合适，一般在句首或句末。
“after all”意为“毕竟”，不是插入语的常用位置且含义不符合语境。
2.She, as far as I know, is very good at dancing.in factto be honestby the way答案：as far as I know。
“as far as I know”是典型的插入语，表示“据我所知”。
“in fact”意为“事实上”，不是插入语的常用位置。
“to be honest”虽可作插入语，但放在这里不合适，一般在句首。
“by the way”意为“顺便说一下”，不是插入语的正确位置且含义不符。
3.They, generally speaking, like sports.to sum upfrankly speakingin conclusion答案：generally speaking。
“generally speaking”是插入语，表示“一般来说”。
“to sum up”意为“总之”，不是插入语的正确位置。
“frankly speaking”虽可作插入语，但位置不合适，一般在句首。
“in conclusion”意为“总之”，不是插入语的正确位置。
4.The book, in my view, is very interesting.in a wordto be frankon the contrary答案：in my view。
(2021年整理)杨鹏GRE长难句
杨鹏GRE长难句编辑整理：尊敬的读者朋友们：这里是精品文档编辑中心，本文档内容是由我和我的同事精心编辑整理后发布的，发布之前我们对文中内容进行仔细校对，但是难免会有疏漏的地方，但是任然希望（杨鹏GRE长难句）的内容能够给您的工作和学习带来便利。
同时也真诚的希望收到您的建议和反馈，这将是我们进步的源泉，前进的动力。
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GRE难句作者：杨鹏读者学习指导：大原则:以实战的要求为目的。
难句子不仅出现在阅读中，还出现在句子填空、逻辑单题中,因此，对难句子的攻克变得相当重要。
原则一:迅速读懂原则二：利用语法、不靠语法即在Gre中，考生永远也不需要再考场上分析一句话的语法成分，也不要想这句话有没有语法错误,考生的唯一任务就是现场迅速的读懂文章。
然而在初期可以少量的运用语法，目的有二：一为初学者如果看不懂句子得结构,往往会感到心情沮丧,或大脑混乱，根本就读不尽文章，因此引入语法能够给读者以信心；二为运用语法，可以了解文章的语法结构,并最终完全熟悉各种类型的句子，达到一遍就可以读懂句子得效果。
原则三：学练结合，以连为主训练的类别：1、难句阅读训练；2、阅读理解力训练;即“懂”3、阅读速度与阅读习惯训练，即“迅速"实际上，对于英语语法得学习，包括对英文单词的中文释意的记忆和对英语句子得中文翻译,都只是我们学习英语的辅助工具;我们最终的目的，是为了提高对英语的实际使用能力。
具体到Gre的考试的应用上，就是看到英语句子时，正确的做法不应该是现场分析出其余法结构,再背出每个单词的中文释意，再把这些中文单词串成句子，最后才根据翻译出来的中文来想这句话的意思是什么，而是读到每个单词、每一句话的时候，大脑中的第一反映是其意思而不是中文释意。
同时，对于阅读习惯的培养相当重要，阅读过程中绝对不可以出声浪读，也不可以心读,而是意读，也不能单单得对一个词进行死抠，要知道阅读考的是句子和文章。
GRE阅读六种长难句解析
GRE阅读六种长难句解析长难句一直都是GRE阅读中阻碍同学们的最大障碍。
今天小编就将长难句划分成了6种类型，详细的讲解每种长难句，让大家更好地来理解长难句。
GRE阅读六种长难句解析第一种：插入语There is a growing realization that the only effective way to achieve further reductions in vehicle emissions—short of a massive shift away from the private automobile—is to replace conventional diesel fuel and gasoline with cleaner-burning fuels such as compressed natural gas, liquefied petroleum gas, ethanol, or methanol.There is a growing realization that the only effective way to achieve further reductions in vehicle emissions—short of a massive shift away from the private automobile—is to replaceconventional diesel fuel and gasoline with cleaner-burning fuels such as compressed natural gas, liquefied petroleum gas, ethanol, or methanol.There is a growing realization that the only effective way to achieve further reductions in vehicle emissions—short of a massive shift away from the private automobile—is to replaceconventional diesel fuel and gasoline with cleaner-burning fuels such as compressed natural gas, liquefied petroleum gas, ethanol, or methanol.【翻译】人们越来越认识到，实现汽车尾气排放量进一步减少的唯一有效方式–除了大规模从私人汽车中转移出去以外–是用清洁燃料的燃料，如压缩天然气，液化石油气，乙醇或甲醇替代传统的柴油燃料和汽油。
2020考研英语：长难句之插入句型结构篇
2020考研英语：长难句之插入句型结构篇考研英语有许多题目组成，方便大家及时了解，下面为你精心准备了“2020考研英语：长难句之插入句型结构篇”，持续关注本站将可以持续获取的考试资讯!
2020考研英语：长难句之插入句型结构篇
一、理论常识
插入结构表示说话人的态度和看法，解释或者说明整个句子，去掉之后句子仍然完整。
插入结构的成分可以是副词、形容词短语、介词短语、不定式短语、分词短语或者主谓结构。
在这就不一一论述了。
但值得注意的是插入语的翻译，有些插入语，尤其是位于句首的插入语，可保持原文中的词序。
然而，在许多情况下，需要对英语原文句子的顺序作必要的调整，使译文符合汉语习惯。
二、试题举例
But , for a small group of students , professional training might be the way to go since well-developed skills , all other factors being equal , can be the difference between having a job and not .
【参考翻译】但是，对一小部分学生来说，专业训练也是条可取的路径。
因为在其他因素相同的情况下，技能的娴熟是得到工作与否的关键。
长难句之插入语
雅思阅读长难句之插入语插人语也是IELTS阅读中常出现的一种结构。
它一般是对句子中一个句子成分的解释或补充说明，通常是不重要的内容。
插入语的标志：(1)插人语结构前后用逗号断开.如:The book, I think, doesn't provide informationabout the population in that area.其中.插入语结构I think便是这种特点。
(2)插人语结构前后用破折号断开，如:The paper said the volcano destroyed most-if notall-of the buildings and construction on the island。
其中，插入if not all就属于此类结构。
（3）插入语成分用括号表示，例如：Keeping your head，(instead of crowding and pushing to get to an exit)，may make the difference between…(4) 插入语通常置于主谓之间，如：People who make great success, with no exception, are the man who utilize their own odd moments wisely.对付插人语的办法是先略去不读。
插人语常常插在主语和谓语之间.也可以插在句子中其他两个句子成分之间。
有的插人语比较长，如果对插人语特别注意，会造成原来句子主要意思的中断，造成理解困难。
而插入语常常是不重要的内容，所以应先略去不读.这样被分隔的两个句子成分就接上了。
1. How did Contre Saint-Beuve，an essay attacking the methods of the critic Saint-Beuve，turn into the start of the novel Remembrance of Things Past？翻译：Contre Saint-Beuve 一文——一篇抨击批评家Saint-Beuve 批评方法的文章——是如何转变成为小说Remembrance of Things Past 的开端的？结构分析：这个句子考察的是一个比较简单的含有插入语的句子。
[3-插入语]考研英语绝杀长难句课程讲义
![[3-插入语]考研英语绝杀长难句课程讲义](https://img.taocdn.com/s3/m/d1545adb7cd184254a35351d.png)
第三节插入语插入语指插在句子中间，对句子起补充或附加的说明的成分。
通常与句中其它成分没有语法上的关系，若将其去掉，句子结构仍然完整。
例如：You,indeed,is a good friend.副词可以充当插入语。
例1：Facebook,therefore,is a self-enhancer’s paradise.(英二2014T2）因此，Facebook就成为了自我拉抬者的乐园。
例2：The French measures,however,rely too much on severe punishment to change a culture..... (英一2016T1）然而，法国的措施过于依赖严厉惩罚来改变一种文化。
介词短语可以充当插入语。
例3：Guilt,in other words,can help hold a cooperative species together.（英二2019T1）换言之，内疚感有助于将一个合作性物种凝聚在一起。
例4：The Olympic bidders,by contrast,wanted to get more people doing sports and to produce more elite athletes.（英二2017T1）相比之下，奥运会申办者则希望让更多人参与运动且产生更多的精英运动员。
例5：The reason,in fact,may be just the opposite:there is too much happiness in the world today.（英一2006T4）事实上，原因可能正好相反，如今的世界上有太多的快乐。
例6：Many people talked of the288,000new jobs the Labor Department reported for June,along with the drop in the unemployment rate to6.1percent,as good news.（英二2015T4）许多人将劳工部六月所公布的“就业岗位新增28.8万，且失业率降至6.1%”视为福音大加谈论。
GRE阅读各类型难句罗列类举及深度剖析
⼀、典型例⽂The determination of the sources of copper ore used in the manufacture of copper and bronze artifacts of Bronze Age civilizations would add greatly to our knowledge of cultural contacts and trade in that era. Researchers have analyzed artifacts and ores for their concentrations of elements, but for a variety of reasons, these studies have generally failed to provide evidence of the sources of the copper used in the objects. Elemental composition can vary within the same copper-ore lode, usually because of varying admixtures of other elements, especially iron, lead, zinc, and arsenic. And high concentrations of cobalt or zinc, noticed in some artifacts, appear in a variety of copper-ore sources. Moreover, the processing of ores introduced poorly controlled changes in the concentrations of minor and trace elements in the resulting metal. Some elements evaporate during smelting and roasting; different temperatures and processes produce different degrees of loss. Finally, flux, which is sometimes added during smelting to remove waste material from the ore, could add quantities of elements to the final product.An elemental property that is unchanged through these chemical processes is the isotopic composition of each metallic element in the ore. Isotopic composition, the percentages of the different isotopes of an element in a given sample of the element, is therefore particularly suitable as an indicator of the sources of the ore. Of course, for this purpose it is necessary to find an element whose isotopic composition is more or less constant throughout a given ore body, but varies from one copper ore body to another or, at least, from one geographic region to another. The ideal choice, when isotopic composition is used to investigate the source of copper ore, would seem to be copper itself. It has been shown that small but measurable variations occur naturally in the isotopic composition of copper. However, the variations are large enough only in rare ores; between samples of the common ore minerals of copper, isotopic variations greater than the measurement error have not been found. An alternative choice is lead, which occurs in most copper and bronze artifacts of the Bronze Age in amounts consistent with the lead being derived from the copper ores and possibly from the fluxes. The isotopic composition of lead often varies from one source of common copper ore to another, with variations exceeding the measurement error; and preliminary studies indicate virtually uniform is topic composition of the lead from a single copper-ore source. While some of the lead found in an artifact may have been introduced from flux or when other metals were added to the copper ore, lead so added in Bronze Age processing would usually have the same isotopic composition as the lead in the copper ore. Lead isotope studies may thus prove useful for interpreting the archaeological record of the Bronze Age. No. 9－1－1⼆、难句分析例句1 （插⼊语）Researchers have analyzed artifacts and ores for their concentrations of elements, but for a variety of reasons, these studies have generally failed to provide evidence of the sources of the copper used in the objects.中⽂释义：科研⼈员已经对这些铜制物和铜矿⽯进⾏了分析，以确定各种元素的各种含量，但出于种种原因，这些研究普遍⽽⾔没能提供证据，以反映出这些物件中所使⽤的铜的来源。
长难句主谓 复杂修饰 插入语
mimetic
Translation
Yuki
Link
Shirley
William
主
谓语（动词）
宾语 （表语）
eg: He is a man with a sense of humor. Totally without light /and subjected to intense pressures /hundreds of times greater than at the Earth’s surface，the deep—ocean bottom/ is /a hostile environment /to humans/，in some ways /as forbidding and remote as the void /of outer space．
Predicative Verb
The images produced by the camera obscura, a boxlike device that used a pinhole or lens to throw an image onto a ground-glass screen or a piece of white paper, were already familiar—the device had been much employed by topographical artists like the Italian painter Canaletto in his detailed views of the city of Venice.
This preference for exogamy, Gutman suggests, may have derived from West African rules governing marriage, which, though they differed from one tribal group to another, all involved some kind of prohibition against unions with close kin.
2020年GRE阅读制胜法则：长难句解析(8)
2020年GRE阅读制胜法则：长难句解析(8)1. Although fiction assuredly springs from political circumstances,authors react to those circumstances in ways other than ideological,and talking about novels and stories primarily as instruments of ideology circumvents much of the fictional enterprise.(4)虽然小说无疑起源于政治情状，但其作者则是以非意识形态的方式对这些政治情状作出反应的，而将小说和故事主要地当作意识形态的工具来探讨，会在相当水准上防碍小说事业。
难句类型：复杂修饰解释：本句从句子的结构上来讲，惟一的难度在于and之后的句子的主语talking about novels and stories primarily as instruments ofideology太长，以至于看到谓语circumvent的时候已经搞不清楚主谓了。
更大的难度恐怕还在于对两个词汇的理解circumvent和 enterprise.我们以前所背过的circumvent有两个词义，一个是规避，一是以计谋战胜，但是这两种意思放到此处都显然不通;其实 circumvent有一个我们没有背过的最常用的意思是包围、限制或陷害;至于enterprise常用的意思是企业，这里的指事业。
意群训练：Although fiction assuredly springs frompolitical circumstances，its authors react to those circumstances in ways other than ideological,and talkingabout novels and stories primarily as instruments of ideology circumvents much of the fictional enterprise.2. Is this a defect，or are the authors working out of,or trying to forge,a different kind of aesthetic? (3)这究竟是一种缺陷呢，还是这些作者想要按照一种与众不同的美学体系实行创作，抑或是在试图创立一种与众不同的美学体系?难句类型：插入语解释：本句的句子既短，意思也不难理解，但插入语(or trying to forge)的干扰作用却极强。
GRE 长难句讲义汇总
一 每月个更微新信：HulaGirls
料
一手资家仅此
卖
）
处
出
源
来
是
不
都
信
微
他
其
（
一 每月个更微新信：HulaGirls
controversy from its first appearance
它首次亮相的争议
the quotations of laws or decrees within the speeches
考虑到月球体积较小且距离地球较近，能够把火星表面碎片喷射 到一个与地球相交轨道的撞击的可能性要比在月球上发生这种事 更小。
7- Rather, the coincidence of increased United States government
antidiscrimination pressure in the mid-1960s with the acceleration in the rate of black economic progress beginning in 1965 argues against the continuity theorists’ view.
但是，关于所有三组鳍的骨架骼结构详细相似性这一近期发现， 削弱了把表面相似处解释为趋同进化理论结果的企图，趋同进化 理论指的是无关组织在相似环境压力之下的相似的独立发展。
其
（
一 每月个更微新信：HulaGirls
料
一手资家仅此
卖
9- Those who played salient roles may become the objects of highly
）
处
出
源
GRE阅读长难句熟词僻义解析
GRE阅读长难句熟词僻义解析长难句作为主要考点本身也包含了不同的展现方式和考察重点。
今天给大家带来了GRE阅读熟词僻义解析,希望能够帮助到大家，一起来学习吧。
GRE阅读熟词僻义解析1. Although fiction assuredly springs from political circumstances,authors react to those circumstances in ways other than ideological,and talking about novels and stories primarily as instruments of ideology circumvents much of the fictional enterprise.虽然小说无疑起源于政治情状，但其作者则是以非意识形态的方式对这些政治情状作出反应的，而将小说和故事主要地当作意识形态的工具来探讨，会在相当程度上阻碍小说事业。
难句类型：复杂修饰解释：本句从句子的结构上来讲，惟一的难度在于and之后的句子的主语talking about novels and stories primarily as instruments ofideology太长，以至于看到谓语circumvent的时候已经搞不清楚主谓了。
更大的难度恐怕还在于对两个词汇的理解circumvent和enterprise.我们以前所背过的circumvent有两个词义，一个是规避，一是以计谋战胜，但是这两种意思放到此处都显然不通;其实circumvent有一个我们没有背过的最常用的意思是包围、限制或陷害;至于enterprise常用的意思是企业，这里的指事业。
意群训练：Although fiction assuredly springs from political circumstances，its authors react to those circumstances in ways other than ideological,and talking about novels and stories primarily as instruments of ideology circumvents much of the fictional enterprise.2. Is this a defect，or are the authors working out of,or trying to forge,a different kind of aesthetic?这究竟是一种缺陷呢，还是这些作者想要按照一种与众不同的美学体系进行创作，抑或是在试图创立一种与众不同的美学体系?难句类型：插入语解释：本句的句子既短，意思也不难理解，但插入语(or trying to forge)的干扰作用却极强。
新GRE阅读技巧之插入语
新GRE阅读技巧之插入语GRE阅读句子中的插入语解析。
有人把GRE阅读比作“天书”，“写给上帝的文章”，而组成这些文章的，正是这些看上去冗长、复杂令人眩晕的长句。
本文结合例子，分析插入成分。
首先：插入语的标志是成对出现的逗号解读技巧：当你在阅读文章某句的时候“偶遇”成对出现的逗号，或者在句意尚未完整时出现了逗号，那么建议先跳过你看不懂的东西，将其前后的内容连读起来。
等到完整理解句意后，再回读刚才跳过的内容，反复读，即可找到“真理”。
例句1： moreover , I can feel strong emotions in response to objects of art that are interpretations, rather than representations, of reality.解读方法：首先，找到句子主干：I can feel strong emotions , 当你读完整个句子，发现不得其意。
这个时候不要强行突破，而是要迂回行事。
当你发现而rather than representations 是一个很突然的东西的时候，那么建议你直接跳过，读后面的内容。
这个时候你就会发现原来的of reality 原来是跟在interpretations 的后面的，而rather than representations真正位置是在句尾，它插入到了一个完整意思的中间。
也就是本来的句子顺序是moreover , I can feel strong emotions in response to objects of art that are interpretations of reality , rather than representations (of reality).例句2：With the conclusion of a burst activity , the lactic acid level is high in the body fluids , leaving the large animal vulnerable to attack until the acid is reconverted , via oxidative metabolism , by the liver into glucose , which is then sent (in part )back to the muscles for glycogen resynthesis.解读方法：在这个句子里，主干是the lactic acid level is high,插入语是 via oxidative metabolism , by the liver into glucose,正常的句子顺序是With the conclusion of a burst activity , the lactic acid level is high in the body fluids , leaving the large animal vulnerable to attack until the acid is reconverted which is then sent (in part )back to the muscles for glycogen resynthesis ，via oxidative metabolism , by the liver into glucose.例句3：Although Gutman admits that forced separation by sale was frequent, he shows that the slaves’ preference, revealed most clearly on plantations where sale wa s infrequent, was very much for stable monogamy解读方法：主干是Although Gutman admits…,but he shows…插入语是revealed most clearly on plantations where sale was infrequent.正常的句子顺序是Although Gutman admits that forced separation by sale was frequent, he shows that the slaves’ preference was very much for stable monogamy， revealed most clearly on plantations where sale was infrequent.例句4：This preference for exogamy, Guts suggests, may have derived from West African rules governing marriage, which, though they differed from one tribal group to another, all involved some kind of prohibition against unions with close kin.解读方法：句子主干是This preference for exogamy may have derived 插入语有两部分，Guts suggests 和though they differed from one tribal group to another. 正常的句子顺序是Guts suggests this preference for exogamy may have derived from West African rules governing marriage, which all involved some kind of prohibition against unions with close kin, though they differed from one tribal group to another.。
【美联英语】GRE长句分析
两分钟做个小测试，看看你的英语水平/test/waijiao.aspx?tid=16-73675-0美联英语提供：GRE长难句分析1、In the early 1950’s，historians who studied preindustrial Europe （which we may define here as Europe in the period from roughly 1300 to 1800）began，for the first time in large numbers，to investigate more of the preindustrial European population than the 2 or 3 percent who comprised the political and social elite：the kings，generals，judges，nobles，bishops，and local magnates who had hitherto usually filled history books. （4）难句类型：复杂修饰、插入语译文：二十世纪五十年代早期，研究前工业化时代欧洲（此处我们可将其界定为约自1300年至1800年这一时期的欧洲）的史学家，首次以众多的人数（杨鹏的书中：第一次以大量的数据），开始调查前工业化时代欧洲人口中的大多数，而非那些构成了政治与社会精英阶层的百分之二或三的人口，即国王、将军、法官、贵族、主教、以及地方上的达官显贵，而正是这部分人一直到那时为止普遍充斥于史学著作。
解释：句子中有两个插入语，一个是跟在preindustrial Europe之后的which we may define here as Europe in the period from roughly 1300 to 1800,这个插入语的直接作用是解释前面的preindustrial Europe的年代，而起到的客观作用则是把主句中的主语和谓语分割得很远；第二个插入语是在began，for the first time in large numbers, to investingate中间，把一个好好的began to斩为两段。
新GRE阅读长难句解析新GRE阅读长难句解析
新GRE阅读长难句解析新GRE阅读长难句解析新GRE阅读长难句解析1. In addition, the style of some Black novels, like Jean Toomer s Cane, verges on e_pressionism or surrealism ; does this technique provide acounterpoint to the prevalent theme that portrays the fate against which Blackheroes are pitted , a theme usually conveyed by more naturalistic modes ofe_pression ? (5)不仅如此,有些黑人小说(比如JT的甘蔗)的风格接近与表现主义和超现实主义;这种技巧是否为流行的主题提供了一个和谐的对应呢?这种主题刻画了黑人注意与之相抗争的命运,这是一个通常用更为自然主义的表现手法所表达的主题.难句类型:复杂修饰.插入语解释:在本句中有三个词需要先解释一番:vergeon这个词组是接近于.濒于的意思,hero在文学作品中是主人公的意思,pit作动词时,除了挖坑.窖藏之外,还有使竞争.使斗争的意思,其英文释义为:to setas gamecocks into or as if into a pit to fight, to set into opposition orrivalry usually used with against.在此用的是后一种语义的被动语态fate againt which Black herosare pitted.如果用主动语态则是:pit black heros againt fate.另外本句的结构复杂,分号之后是一个一般疑问句,但是由于修饰成分过多,过长,使得读者看不清楚这个句子在问什么.其实如果没有最后的那个prevalenttheme的同位语a theme usually conveyed by more naturalistic modes ofe_pression,本句会易懂得多.意群训练:In addition, the style of some Black novels, like Jean Toomer s Cane,verges on e_pressionism or surrealism; does this technique provide acounterpoint to the prevalent theme that portrays the fate against which Blackheroes are pitted, a theme usually conveyed by more naturalistic modes ofe_pression?2. Black Fiction surveys a wide variety of novels,bringing to our attentionin the process some fascinating and little-known works like JamesWeldon Johnson s Autobiography of an E_- Colored Man. (4)注意:bring A to B——〉bring to B A《黑人小说》考察了极为广泛的一系列小说,在此过程中让我们注意到了某些引人入胜但却鲜为人知的作品,如詹姆斯.韦尔登.约翰逊(James WeldonJohnson)的《一个曾经是有色人的自传》(Autobiography of an E_-Colored Man).难句类型:倒装解释:在以bringing开头的作状语的分词中出现了倒装,bring A to B被倒装为bring to BA,其倒装的原因仍是为了避免头重脚轻,正常的语序应该如下:bringing some fascinating and little-known workslike James Weldon johnson s Autobiography of an E_-Colored Man to our attentionin the process.意群训练:Black Fiction surveys a wide variety of novels, bringing to ourattention in the process some fascinating and little-known works like JamesWeldon Johnson s Autobiography of an E_-Colored Man.新GRE阅读长难句解析1. Although these molecules allow radiation at visible wavelengths, wheremost of the energy of sunlight is concentrated,to pass through,they absorb someof the longer-wavelength,infrared emissions radiated from the Earth ssurface,radiation that would otherwise be transmitted back into space. (4) 虽然这些分子允许可见波长(visiblewavelength)的辐射——阳光的绝大部分能量就汇集于此——不受阻挡地穿透,但它们却会吸收某些较长波长(longer-wavelength),亦即从地球表面辐射出的红外发射(infraredemission),这种辐射若不是二氧化碳的缘故就会被重新输送回太空.难句类型:复杂修饰.抽象词解释:前面的分句中有一个不算很长的插入语,但是因为它插入的位置正好在固定搭配allow something to dosomthing中间,将allow和to分得很远,所以读起来让人感觉很不舒服.后面的分句中的最后一行radiation that would otherwise be transmitted back intospace是其前面的infrared emissions的同位语.其中的otherwise是副词作状语,表示如果后面的分句所说的they absorb someof the longer-waverlength, infrared emissions不发生时的后果.意群训练:Although these molecules allow radiation at visible wavelengths, wheremost of the energy of sunlight is concentrated, to pass through, they absorbsome of the longer-wavelength, infrared emissions radiated from the Earth ssurface,radiation that would otherwise be transmitted back into space.2. The role those anthropologists ascribe to evolution is not ofdictating the details of human behavior but one of imposing constraints—waysof feeling,thinking,and acting that come naturally in archetypal situations inany culture. (4)这些人类学家所归诸于生物进化的作用,不是规定人类行为的种.种细节,而是将各种限制强加于人类——即在任何文化的典型情景中都会〝自然表露〞的情感.思维.以及行动方式.难句类型:复杂修饰.省略解释:尽管我们很熟悉the role of something的这种表达,但本句中the roleof被作者胜利很活.首先,在role后面有一个省略了引导词that的定语从句(因为role在从句中作ascribe的宾语),这样就把role和系动词is隔得很远.其次,but前面的句子的主要结构Therole is not of doing something其实是The role is not the role of doingsomething的省略形式,因为后面的the role与前面的完全重复,如果不把它省略掉,谁看到都要觉得啰嗦.因为同样的道理,but之后的one ofimposing constraints实际上是is one role of imposing constraints的省略形式.意群训练:The role those anthropologists ascribe to evolution is not of dictatingthe details of human behavior but one of imposing constraints— ways of feeling,thinking,and acting that come naturally in archetypal situations in anyculture.1. Which of the following most probably provides an appropriate analogy fromhuman morphology for the details versus constraints distinction made in thepassage in relation to human behavior? (5)以下哪一个选项最有可能为文章中所谈到的与人类行为有关的〝人类行为细节〞相对〝人类所受限制〞之间的差异,从人类形态的角度上提供了一个合适的类比?难句类型:复杂修饰.抽象词解释:本句子在所有GRE或GMAT阅读题的题干中是最难读懂的题干之一.本句不但结构复杂,而且用词抽象,使得读者如果想根据语义来搞清楚谁修饰谁,也变得极为困难.分析如下:本句的主干是Whichof the following provides an analogy for the details versus constraintsdistinction?Versus是一个介词,等于against,即体育比赛中的VS.其他的所有成分均是一些修饰成分.其中一个对答题最重要的限制条件是from humanmorphology, 说明这种类比的比较双方所比的必须是人类形态上的特征.意群训练:Which of the following most probably provides an appropriate analogyfrom human morphology for the details versus constraints distinction made inthe passage in relation to human behavior?2. A low number of algal cells in the presence of a high number of grazerssuggested,but did not prove, that the grazers had removed most of the algae.(3+)在存在大量食草动物的同时却只有少量的水藻花粉囊,这暗示出——但没能证明——食草动物已吞噬了大部分水藻.难句类型:插入语解释:本句主语很长,而且谓语suggested与that引导的宾语从句间被插入语but did notprove隔开,造成阅读障碍.当suggest与but did notprove连在一起使用的时候,其意思不是建议,而是指一种基于主观臆测的推理,中文翻译成〝暗示〞.其英文释义为:to call to mind by thoughor association the e_plosion suggested sabotage.GRE.GMAT及LSAT文章中,常用suggest,butdo not prove来描述一种没有真凭实据.可能有问题的理论,然后在后面的叙述中把它否定掉.意群训练:A low number of algal cells in the presence of a high number of grazerssuggested,but did not prove, that the grazers had removed most of the algae.3. Perhaps the fact many of these first studies considered only algae of asize that could be collected in a net (net phytoplankton), a practice thatoverlooked the smaller phytoplankton (nannoplankton) that we now know grazersare most likely to feed on , led to a de-emphasis of the role of grazers insubsequent research. (5)可能这样一个事实,那就是很多这样的最初的研究只是考虑了那些能够用网捞起来的大小的水藻,这样一个忽视了更小的浮游生物(而这些浮游生物我们现在知道是捕食者主要的食物)的做法,导致了在接下来的研究中对于捕食者的作用的贬低.难句类型:复杂修饰.插入语解释:句子的结构繁杂.句子的主语令人吃惊地长,在最后一个逗号后的led以前,全是主语!其实句子的主干简单,就是the fact led to ade-emphasis of the role of grazers.但是本句的主语thefact后面的修饰成分长得吓人,先是个定语从句;定语从句中又套了一个定语从句.然后逗号后面的apractice引导的部分是前面的主语的同位语兼任插入语,practice后面的修饰它的一大堆东西又是定语从句套着定语从句.本句是典型的层层修饰结构.意群训练:Perhaps the fact that many of these first studies considered only algaeof a size that could be collected in a net(net phytoplankton), a pratice thatoverlooked the smaller that we now know grazers are most likely to feed on, ledto a de-emphasis of the role of grazers in subsequent research.新GRE阅读长难句解析1. Studies by Hargrave and Geen estimated natural community grazing rates bymeasuring feeding rates of individual zooplankton species in the laboratory andthen computing community grazing rates for field conditions using the knownpopulation density of grazers. (5)由哈格雷夫(Hargrave)和吉恩(Geen)所进行的研究,对自然条件下的群落捕食速率进行了估计,其手段是通过测量出实验室内单独的浮游动物种类的捕食速率,然后利用已知的食草动物种群密度,计算出实地状况下的群落捕食速率.难句类型:复杂修饰解释:本句对阅读者的阅读能力提出了更高的要求,不但要求读者读清楚句子的复杂的结构,而且对读者的词汇能力也提出了更高的要求.By以前结构无需解释,by以后有两个作介词宾语短语的动名词结构,measuring和后面表示并列和顺接的andthen之后的computing,说的是计算方法;前一个measuring说的是先算出实验室中浮游动物品种的单位捕食速率,后面的computing前其实省略了一个by,而且在这个动名词结构中还包括一个分词结构usingthe known population density ofgrazers,用已知的捕食者的种群密度计算出其野外的群体捕食速率.整个的by以后的计算过程简单了就是:实验室单位速率_野外密度=野外群体速率另外本句中的词汇也颇有迷惑性;虽然没有太难的单词,但是很多单词都是同义词和反义词,容易让人读混(斜线分隔同义词,冒号分隔反义词).estimate/measure/compute; feeding rates/grazing rates; zooplankton/grazers;natureal/field; laboratory community; individuall意群训练:Studies by Hargrave and Geen estimated natural community graz-ing ratesby measuring feeding rates of individual zooplankton species in the laboratoryand then computing community grazing rates for field conditions using the knownpopulation density of grazers.2. In the periods of peak zooplankton abundance,that is,in the late springand in the summer,Haney recorded ma_imum daily community grazing rates,fornutrient-poor lakes and bog lakes,respectively,of 6.6 percent and _4 percent ofdaily phytoplankton production. (3+)在浮游动物数量激增的高峰期,亦即在春季后期以及夏季,哈尼记录了最大程度上的每日群落食草比率,对于营养物不充足的湖和沼泽湖而言,分别为每日浮游植物繁殖量的6.6%和_4%.难句类型:插入语解释:句中有两组插入语,每组两个插入语,尤其是第二组,把rate of从中间劈开.不过因为句义尚好理解,所以本句只是有一点别扭,但不算太难.意群训练:In the periods of peak zooplankton abundance,that is,in the late springand in the summer,Haney recorded ma_imum daily community grazing rates,fornutrient-poor lakes and bog lakes,respectively,of 6.6 percent and _4 percent ofdaily phytoplankton production.新GRE阅读长难句解析1. The hydrologic cycle,a major topic in this science,is the complete cycleof phenomena through which water passes,beginning as atmospheric watervapor,passing into liquid and solid form as precipitation,thence along and intothe ground surface,and finally again returning to the form of atmospheric watervapor by means of evaporation and transpiration. (4)水文循环(hydrologiccycle),作为该学科中的一个主要课题,指的是水所经过的诸现象的整个循环过程,开始时是作为大气中的水蒸气,转而作为雨.雪.露.雹一类的降水量经过液体和固体形态,由此而沿着地层表面分布或进入地层表面,最终通过蒸发和散发作用再度回复到大气水蒸气的形态.难句类型:复杂修饰.插入语.省略水文循环(hydrologiccycle),作为该学科中的一个主要课题,指的是水所经过的诸现象的整个循环过程,开始时是作为大气中的水蒸气,转而作为雨.雪.露.雹一类的降水量经过液体和固体形态,由此而沿着地层表面分布或进入地层表面,最终通过蒸发和散发作用再度回复到大气水蒸气的形态.解释:beginning开始的一系列分词都是修饰主语The hydrologiccycle的,分别是beginning/passing/passing/returning.值得注意的是,thence along and into thegrund surfacee 是thence passing along and entering into the groundsurfacee的省略形式,但是看上去意思却很清楚.类似这样的省略,是出题者合理地利用了省略来达到改编学术论文时压缩文章篇幅的目的.意群训练:The hydrologic cycle,a major topic in this science,is the complete cycleof phenomena through which water passes,beginning as atmospheric watervapor,passing into liquid and solid form as precipitation,thence along and intothe ground surface,and finally again returning to the form of atmospheric watervapor by means of evaporation and transpiration.2. Only when a system possesses natural or artificial boundaries thatassociate the water within it the hydrologic cycle may the entire systemproperly be termed hydrogeologic.(4)只有当一个系统拥有自然的或人工形成的边界来把边界中的水与水文循环联系起来的时候,才有可能把整个的系统恰当的成为与水文地质学有关.难句类型:复杂修饰.倒装解释:only放在句首时,主句的情态动词may倒装,这是我们高中就已经学过的东西.然而句首的only与倒装的may距离如此之远,这在以前却没有见过,所以读上去让人不习惯.另外一个难点在于,前面的由when所引导的时间状语从句中,宾语boundaries后面跟了一个定语从句,thatassociate the water within it with the hydrologic cycle,而且从句中的associatewith又被water within it所分开,读者还要分神去考虑it所指的是什么,所以读到后面倒装的may的时候,难免不知所云.意群训练:Only when a system possesses natural or artificial boundaries thatassociate the water within it with the hydrologic cycle may the entire systemproperly be termed hydrogeologic.新GRE阅读长难句解析。
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GRE长难句之“插入语”集合
GRE阅读中有很多长难句使的考生望而却步，因为这些长难句通常是文章的主要脉络或者是关键点的所在之处，如果对这些长难句不能理解透彻的话，那么，对于文章的把握也就无从入手。
针对着一些情况，前程百利小编总结出GRE长难句中最常出现的，一些插入语的实例讲解，希望考生通过这些实例的讲解，掌握GRE阅读中的插入语的长难句应对方法。
1.Although Gutman admits that forced separation by sale was frequent，he shows that the slaves’ preference，revealed most clearly on plantations where sale was infrequent，was very much for stable monogamy.
译文：虽然古特曼承认，由于奴隶买卖而造成的被迫离散甚为频繁，但他还是证明，奴隶的偏爱——在那些奴隶买卖并不频繁的种植园上被最为显著地揭示出来——在很大程度上侧重于稳定的一夫一妻制（monogamy）。
解释：本句中插入语的使用revealed most clearly on plantations where sale was infrequent, 后半个分句中的主语that slaves' preference与系动词was离得太远，造成阅读的困难。
2.7. Gutman argues convincingly that the stability of the Black family encouraged the transmission of-and so was crucial in sustaining-the Black heritage of folklore，music，and religious expression from one generation to another，a heritage that slaves were continually fashioning out of their African and American experiences.
译文：古特曼人令人信服地辩论道，黑人家庭的稳定有助于包括民间
传说、音乐、及宗教表达在内的黑人文化遗产一代一代地递下去，因而在维持文化遗产方面也起着至关重要的作用，而对于这种文化遗产，黑奴们不断地从其非洲和美洲的经历中予以丰富发展。
解释：由that引导的宾语从句中，encouraged的宾语the transmission of the Black heritage被同时表示并列和转折的and so 分开，给读者造成了阅读上和理解上的困难。
最后一个逗号后面的部分是修饰前面的black heritage 的同位语。
3.This preference for exogamy，Gutman suggests，may have derived from West African rules governing marriage，which，though they differed from one tribal group to another，all involved some kind of prohibition against unions with close kin。
译文：古特曼表示，这种对于外部通婚的偏爱很有可能缘起于西部非洲制约着婚姻的规定，尽管这些规定在一个和另一个部落群体之间不尽相同，但都涉及到某种对近亲联姻（union with close kin）的禁止。
解释：本句有两个插入语，第一个插入语Gutman suggests割裂了主句的主语和谓语。
West African rules后跟随着两个修饰成分，第一个是分词修饰(governing marriage), 第二个是以which引导的非限定性定语从句，从句中出现了第二个插入语though they differed from one tribal group to another，又割裂了从句引导词与谓语之间的联系。
4. His thesis works relatively well when applied to discrimination against Blacks in the United States，but his definition of racial prejudice as
"racially-based negative prejudgments against a group generally accepted as a race in any given region of ethnic competition，" can be interpreted as also including hostility toward such ethnic groups as the Chinese in California and the Jews in medieval Europe.
译文：该社会学家的命题当被应用于针对美国黑人的歧视时，相对而言尚能适用，但他对种族偏见所下的定义——即“以种族为基础的、针对某个群体的消级的先入之见，而该群体在任何特定的种族竞争地区则被普遍认作一种族”——可被理解成同样也包括了针对加利福尼亚州的中国人以及中世纪的犹太人这样一些种族群体的敌视态度。
解释：本句长度惊人，插入部分比较长，再加上不乏抽象词，所以较为难懂，在表示转折的后半个分钟中，长长的插入语as racially based negative prejudgments against a group generally accepted as a race in any given region of ethnic competition作为主语his definition of racial prejudice的同位语，使分句中的主谓相隔千山万水。
除此之外，本句用词抽象，语义难以理解，对读者的词汇功底要求较高。
考试现场如无法读懂，宜用合理化原则中的取非法，but之前的分句说的是其论点对美国黑人的种族歧视是较为管用，转折后的内容就应该说其理论对华人和犹太人相对无用。
以上就是针对GRE长难句中的插入语，整理了几个实例，希望通过对插入语的了解分析帮助考生攻破GRE长难句中的插入语！。