温度控制pid 过控课程设计

温度控制pid 过控课程设计

摘要

人类的生活环境中，温度扮演着极其重要的角色，可以说几乎80%的工业部门都不得不考

虑温度对自身系统的影响，温度是与人类生产生活密切相关的一个物理量，由此便产生了各种各样的温度测量方法。根据测温精度和范围的不同，可选用不同的测温方式。目前常常采用模拟集成温度传感器，该传感器是采用硅半导体集成工艺制成，因此亦称硅传感器或单片集成温度传感器。此种传感器的特点是，功能单一(仅测量温度)、测温误差小、价格低、响应速度快、传输距离远、体积小、微功耗等，适合远距离测温、控温，不需要进行非线性校准，外围电路简单。然而在很多工业应用的场合下，环境非常恶劣，这种以人工的方式直接操作设置仪表很不现实，采用有线数据通信的方式也会受很多环境、质量、功能等方面的限制，在数据记录上也还要靠人工抄写，不能形成自动控制的系统。

温度控制是工业生产过程中经常遇到的过程控制,有些工艺过程对其温度的控制效果直接影

响着产品的质量,因而设计一种较为理想的温度控制系统是非常有价值的。

随着单片机技术的日益成熟，单片机在温度控制上的应用也日趋广泛。本文采用STC89C52单片机采用积分分离式PID算法和带死区的PID算法两种控制方式，并通过对试验结果的

比较，发现对控制精度较高的系统和响应速度较慢的系统带死区的PID算法确实不大实用，而前者在应一定程度上若再辅以微分先行则基本上能满足系统要求。

关键字：STC89C52单片机，PID算法，积分分离式，微分先行。

Abstract

Man's living environment, the temperature plays a very important role, can be said that almost 80% of the industrial sector had to take into account the effects of temperature on their systems, temperature is closely related to human production and life of a physical quantity, thus given rise to a wide range of temperature measurement method. According to the different temperature measurement accuracy and scope may make use of the temperature in different ways. There is often analog integrated temperature sensor, the sensor is made using silicon semiconductor

integrated process, so also known as monolithic integration of silicon sensors or temperature sensors. Such sensors are characterized by single function (only measured temperature), temperature measurement error is small, low prices, fast response, transmission distance, small size, micro-power consumption, suitable for remote temperature measurement, temperature control, no non-linear calibration, the external circuit is simple. However, in many occasions industrial applications, the environment is very bad, this way of direct manipulation to artificially set the instrument is very practical, using wireline data communications, the way will be subject to many environmental, quality, functionality and other aspects, in the data record is also still rely on manual transcription, do not create automatic control systems.

Temperature control is often encountered in the process of industrial production process control, and some process to control the temperature effect on their direct impact on the quality of products, has designed a more ideal temperature control system is very valuable.

With SCM technology has become more sophisticated, single-chip temperature control

applications are becoming increasingly widespread. In this paper, STC89C52 separate microcontroller with integral PID algorithm and the dead-zone of the PID algorithm two kinds of control mode, and through comparison of test results and found that the control system, high precision and response speed of a slower system with dead-zone of the PID algorithm is not really practical, but the former should be supplemented with a certain degree Ruozai first differential is

generally adequate to meet system requirements.

Keywords: STC89C52 microcontroller, PID algorithm, split points, differential first.

目录

一、方案设计

总体方案选择 (3)

方案一

1带死区的PID算法简介 (5)