国际结算笔记3

Chapter5 means of international settlement
Collection – definition “Collection” means the handling by banks of documents, in accordance with instructions received, in order to: i. Obtain payment and/or acceptance; or ii. Deliver documents against payment and/or against acceptance; or iii. Deliver documents on other terms and conditions.
Chapter5 methods of international settlement
– types T/T (telegraphic transfer) : remittance by cable/telex/SWIFT M/T (mail transfer): remittance by airmail (see P71) D/D (demand draft ): remittance by banker’s demand draft. (see P71) A banker’s draft is a negotiable instrument drawn by a bank on its overseas branch or its correspondent bank abroad ordering the latter to pay on demand the stated amount to the holder of the draft.
– 流程 D/P
D/A
Chapter5 means of international settlement
– Collection order The collection order is a standard form of authority that enables the exporter to include specific instructions to his bank regarding the documentary collection. If the collecting bank can’t comply with the instructions given in the collection order, it must immediately advise the remitting bank. See exhibit 5-2.
Chapter5 methods of international settlement
– Reimbursement methods crediting vostro account of the paying bank: when paying bank opens a current account with the remitting bank, such as In cover, we have credited the sum to your account with us. Debiting remitting bank’s nostro account: when the paying bank maintains the remitting bank’s account, such as: Please debit the sum to our account with you, or You are authorized to debit the sum to our account with you.
Chapter5 means of international settlement
For importer, Payment may have to be made prior to the arrival of the goods; By accepting a bill of exchange under the documents against acceptance collection, the importer incurs a separate legal liability on the bill of exchange besides his liability on the sales contract; In some countries, if a bill of exchange is protested, this can ruin the reputation of the importer.
Chapter5 means of international settlement
classifications clean collection: means collection of financial documents not accompanied by commercial documents. documentary collection: means collection of: i. Financial documents accompanied by commercial documents; ii. Commercial documents not accompanied by financial documents. –
Chapter5 methods of international settlement
Remitting bank: the bank transferring funds at the request of a remitter to its correspondent or its branch in another country and instructing the latter to pay a certain amount of money to a beneficiary. paying bank: the bank entrusted by the remitting bank to pay a certain amount of money to a beneficiary named in the remittance advice. The payee: a person who is addressed to receive the remittance.
Chapter5 methods of international settlement
Chapter5 methods of international settlement
remittance – definition In international trade, the buyer on his own initiative remits money to the seller through a bank in accordance with the terms and time stipulated in the contact. – Parties The remitter: the person who requests his bank to remit funds to a beneficiary in a foreign country.
Chapter5 methods of international settlement
Instructing the paying bank to claim reimbursement from another branch of the same bank or another bank with which the remitting bank opens an account: In cover, please reimburse yourselves to the debiting of our account with The Bank of Tokyo, New York. According to the payments agreement between two countries: Indebit our Central Bank’s clearing account with your Central Bank.
Chapter5 means of international settlement
– Risks involved in Collection For exporter, Non-acceptance of merchandise; Non-payment of trade acceptance: the exporter takes not only the risk that the time draft will not be accepted, but also the risk that the acceptance will not be paid at maturity; possession of goods; Exchange restrictions.
Chapter5 means of international settlement
– Parties The principal (remitter/seller/drawer): the person who prepares documents and submits them to his bank (remitting bank) with a collection order for payment from the buyer (drawee); The remitting bank: the bank receiving documents from the seller for forwarding to the buyer’s bank along with instructions for payment; The collecting or presenting bank: the bank that presents the documents to the buyer and collects cash payment or a promise to pay in the future from the buyer in exchange for the documents. The drawee (buyer): the party that makes cash payment or accepts a draft in exchange for the documents from the collecting bank.
Chapter5 methods of international settlement
Instructing a reimbursing bank to effect payment by debiting the remitting bank’s nostro account: when the remitting bank doesn’t open an account with the paying bank, the former may instruct its correspondent with which it maintains an account, to debit the account and credit the paying bank’s account if the paying bank also has an account with that correspondent, such as: In cover, we have authorized The Bank of Tokyo, New York to debit our account and credit your account with the above sum.