英语专业跨文化交际期末知识点整理summary

U1:

1.views on intercultural communication

Two different views on intercultural communication: “people are people”VS. “contact is not equal to communication”

2. 3 major socio-cultural elements influencing perception and communication

Cultural value, world view , social organizations.

3.What is globalization?

Globalization is a process of interaction and integration among the people, companies, and gover nments of different nations。 a process driven by international trade and investment and aided b y information technology. This process has effects on the environment, on culture, on political sys tems, on economic development and prosperity, and on human physical well-being in societies around the world.

4.What are the stumbling blocks in intercultural communication?

(1)assumption of similiarities: people expect that simply being human and having common

requirements of food,shelter,security and so on makes everyone alike.

(2)Language differences.: “yes”and “no” cause trouble.

(3)Nonverbal misinterpretatons: misinterpretation of observable sians and

symbols—gesture ,postures, body movenment.

(4)Preconceptions and stereotypes: Arabs are “inflammable”may cause U.S.students to keep

their distance .

(5)Tendence to evaluate: to approve or disapprove ,to statements and actions of other person

or group.

(6)High anxiety/ tension.

U2:

1.What is culture?

Culture is a very extensive concept, it is very difficult to define it strictly and accurately, because culture involves too much. Culture is a complex system of behavior, values, beliefs, traditions and artifacts, which is transmitted through generations.

What are the five basic needs for human beings?

(1)physiological needs (things that make us alive,food water air)

(2)safety needs (physical safe and psychologicallly secure)

(3)belongingness needs (needs tobe accepted by others and to belong to a group )

(4)esteem needs ( recognition, reputation,self respect )

(5)self-actualization needs (actualize onself and to reach one’s full potential)

2.What are values, attitudes, beliefs and behaviors? How are they linked?

(1)Values are what people go to war over or conduct bussiness by. Values tell us how to weigh

the worth of something, they can indicate a relative hierarchy.

(2)Attitudes are feelings about things .it is a tendency to respond the same way to the same

object or situation or idea. Attitudes is learned and can change.

(3)Beliefs are convictions or certainties based on subjective and often personal ideas rather

than on proof or fact.

(4)Links: values underlie attitudes and also shape beliefs. Attitudes are based on beliefs as well

as values.values enable us to evaluate what matters to us or apply standars to our attitudes and beliefs.value→belief →attitude. For example , you have an attitude toward eating raw