英国社会与文化第一单元
英国社会与文化
英国社会与文化 An Introduction to British Society & Culture主编常俊跃 李莉莉 赵永青国家哲学社会科学项目“英语专业基础阶段内容依托式教学改革研究”项目组 编ContentsUnit 1 The English Character (1)Text A The English Character (I) (1)Text B The English Character (II) (7)Text C The English Spirit of Control (11)Unit 2 The Constitutional Monarchy (14)Text A The Constitutional Monarchy (15)Text B The Role of the Monarchy Today (23)Text C The Queen’ s Official Birthday (25)Text D Diana, the People’s Princess (27)Unit 3 The British Parliament (33)Text A The British Government Today (34)Text B Political Parties in the U.K (39)Text C Margaret Thatcher (41)Unit 4 Food and Drinks in the U.K (45)Text A Food and Drinks in the U.K (46)Text B British Meals (51)Text C Pub Etiquette (53)Text D Leisure Time for Britons (56)Unit 5 The British Ways & Manners (60)Text A Politeness in Britain (61)Text B What’s Typically British (66)Text C Social Customs in Britain (68)Text D Name Roots (71)Unit 6 Education System in the U.K (74)Text A Going to School: British Style (75)Text B Schools in the U.K (79)Text C Boarding School (81)Unit 7 The British Welfare System (85)Text A Welfare System in the U.K (86)Text B The Welfare State (90)Text C The National Health Service (92)Unit 8 The British Media (94)Text A The British Press (95)Text B The Broadcast Media (100)Text C Local Newspapers in Britain (102)Text B Jury System in the Dock (113)Text C The Police in Britain (115)Unit 10 Family Life in the U.K (118)Text A Family Life in the U.K (119)Text B Changing Values & Norms of the U.K. Family (124)Text D Marriage Customs (127)Unit 11 The British Sports & Games (129)Text A The British Sports (130)Text B Cricket—A Very English Game (136)Text C The Highland Games (137)Text D Traditional Games in Scotland (139)Unit 12 Theatre & Music in the U.K (142)Text A Theatre & Music in the U.K (143)Text B Pantomimes (150)Text C Cats, the Classic Musical (151)Text D The Beatles (152)Unit 13 The British Holidays& Festivals (156)Text A Holidays and Festivals in the U.K (157)Text B Holiday Life in England (164)Text C Valentine Customs (166)Unit 14 The British Literature (I) (168)Text A Overview of British Literature (I) (169)Text B William Shakespeare (176)Text C To be, or not to be (177)Text D Of Studies (179)Unit 15 The British Literature (II) (182)Text A Overview of British Literature (II) (183)Text B Pride and Prejudice (191)Text C Christmas Dinner (193)Text D Agatha Christie––Queen of Crime (196)Appendix: Key to the Exercises (200)重点参考的书目和网站 (214)Unit 1The English CharacterSuccess is the ability to go from one failure toanother with no loss of enthusiasm.——Winston ChurchillUnit Goalsz To understand character and personality of English people e To understand character and personality of English peopl z To get acquainted with some basic cultural concepts concerning English characterTo get acquainted with some basic cultural concepts concerning English character z To learn some useful words and expressions on English character To learn some useful words and expressions on English characterBefore You ReadWork with your partner and share ideas with each other.1) What are the first three things that come into your mind when you hear the words “Britain” or “Britons”?E.g. When I think of “the English” I think of…____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________2) What do you think of the Britons?What are the three descriptivewords you associate the most withthe British people?E.g. _____, _____, _____Start to ReadText A The English Character (I)1. To other Europeans, the best known quality of the British, and inhe never tells you anything about himself, and you may work with him for years without even knowing where he lives, how many children he has, and what his interests are. English people tend to be like that.2. If they are making a journey by bus they will do their best to findan empty seat; if by train, anempty compartment. If theyhave to share the compartmentwith a stranger, they may travelmany miles without starting aconversation. If a conversationdoes start, personal questions like“How old are you?” or even“What is your name?” are noteasily asked.3. This reluctance to communicate with others is an unfortunate quality in some ways since it tends to give the impression of coldness, and it is true that the English (except perhaps in the North) are not noted for their generosity and hospitality. On the other hand, they are perfectly human behind their barrier of reserve, and may be quite pleased when a friendly stranger or foreigner succeeds for a time in breaking the barrier down. We may also mention at this point that the people of the North and West, especially the Welsh, are much less reserved than those of the South and East.4. Closely related to English reserve is English modesty. Within their hearts, the English are perhaps no less conceited than anybody else, but in their relations with others they value at least a show of modesty. Self-praise is felt to be impolite. If a person is, let us say, very good at tennis and someone asks him if he is a good player, he will seldom reply “Yes,” because people will think him conceited. He will probably give an answer like, “I’m not bad,” or “I think I’m very good,” or “Well, I’m very keen on tennis.” Even if he had managed to reach the finals in last year’s local championships, he would say it in such a way as to suggest that it was only due to a piece of good luck.faults, one’s own failure, even atone’s own ideals. The criticism ,“He has no sense of humor” isvery commonly heard in Britain,where humor is highly prized. Asense of humor is an attitude tolife rather than the mere abilityto laugh at jokes. This attitude isnever cruel or disrespectful ormalicious . The English do not laugh at a cripple or a madman, or a tragedy or an honorable failure.6. Since reserve, a show of modesty and a sense of humor are part of his own nature, the typical Englishman tends to expect them in others. He secretly looks down on more excitable nations, and likes to think of himself as more reliable than they. He doesn’t trust big promises and open shows of feelings, especially if they are expressed in flowery language. He doesn’t trust self-praise of any kind. This applies not only to what other people may tell him about themselves orally, but to the letters they may write to him. To those who are fond of flowery expressions, the Englishman may appear uncomfortably cold.7. Finally, sportsmanship . Like a sense of humor, this is an Englishin ideal which not all Englishmen live upto. It must be realized that sport in thismodern form is almost entirely aBritish invention. Boxing, rugby,football, hockey, tennis and cricketwere all first organized and given rulesin Britain. Rules are the essence ofsport, and sportsmanship is the abilityto practice a sport according to its rules,while also showing generosity to one’sdefeat. The high pressure of modern international sport makes these ideals difficult to keep, but they are atleast highly valued in Britain and are certainly achieved there more commonly than among more excitable peoples. Moreover, sportsmanship as an ideal is applied to life in general this is proved by opponent and good temperwell-aimed, strong criticism and “below the belt” is used to describe an unfair one. One of the most elementary rules of life is “never hit a man when he’s down”—in other words, never take advantage of a person’s misfortune. English schoolboys often show this sense of sportsmanship to a surprisingly high degree in their relations with each other.After You ReadKnowledge Focuspartner and share ideas with each other.1. Work with your W h a t w o u l d a n E n g l i s h m a n o r w o m a n u s u a l l y d o i n t h e f o l l o w i n g s i t u a t i o n s ?lishman makes a journey to somewhere by train… man’s skills inomething quite funny happening in public and annis match…rite T if the statement is true and F if it is false.emotional, and____ 2) t noted for their generosity and____ 3) are much less reserved than people of the____ 4) is an attitude to life rather than the mere____ 5) lder” and “below the belt” areAn Eng An acquaintance asks an English lady’s age…Someone pays compliments to an English tennis…There’s s Englishman happens to see it…An Englishman has just lost a ten2. W ____ 1) A reserved person is one who is quite tends gets excited easily.The British people are no hospitality.The Welsh,South and East.A sense of humor ability to laugh at jokes.“Straight from the shou sporting terms borrowed from rugby.Language Focusnings of the bold-faced words in this text and 1. Discuss the mea work with a partner to fill in the blanks with a proper word ormunicate with others, he usuallye guests are treated _______.as honeyis likely to. Fill in the blanks with the following expressions you have be noted for look down on be keen on2) If a person is reluctant to com __________ to start a conversation.3) The hostess is very hospitable , and th 4) Whenever anyone mentions the word “conceit ”, the image of Mr.Darcy comes into mind, he was thought to be_________.5) You’d better ____________those people who are sweet to your face and as malicious as hell behind your back.6) If you seek help from a friend known for generosity , he __________.2learned in this text.due to for a time live up totake advantage of apply to) This rule cannot be ________ any case.to speak English.ilty, but before longlong. I ________ outdooress is entirely ________ his hard work.nts.. Fill in the blanks with the proper forms of words in the1) (reserve) person is one who does not talk very much tosh (except perhaps in the North) are not 12) Students must ________ every opportunity 3) Conceited people always ________ others.4) _________ the police thought she might be gu they eliminated her from their list of suspects.5) This resort ________ its hot springs.6) It’s boring to stay at home all day sports.7) His succ 8) I hope I can ________ the expectations of my pare3brackets.A _____ strangers, does not show much emotion, and seldom gets excited.2) This _____ (reluctant) to communicate with others is an unfortunate quality in some ways since it tends to give the impression of coldness.3) It is true that the Englivery _____ hoolboys often show this sense of sportsmanship to a6)The _____ (criticize), “He has no sense of humor” is commonly heard in Britain, where humor is highly prized. 7)The typical Englishman secretly looks down on more (excite) nations, and likes to think of himself as more _____ (rely) than they. 8) English sc _____ (surprise) high degree in their relations with each other.Comprehensive WorkBritish sayings and try to use them to make 1) time saves nine.an’s poison.not make it drink.em.th.. Pair-work: work with your partner and share ideas with each re the English character with the American character. What 1. Study the following dialogues.A stitch in 2) One man’s meat is another m 3) You can lead a horse to water, but you can 4) The grass is always greener on the other side.5) Don’t cross your bridges before you come to th 6) The best advice is found on the pillow.7) Birds of a feather flock together.8) Don’t look a gift horse in the mou2other.Compa are the similarities and differences?Read Moregolden ”, “Empty vessels make the most noise ” andeirtuations isnot exclusively a sporting one. It describes the sort ofay appear fearless and calm on the surface, deepmanner.2) “Silence is “You are not put on to this earth to enjoy yourself ”. From the sayings above we can get the clue that the English parents want their children to be __________________________________.3) If there is one trait that absolutely singles out the English it is th shared dislike for anyone or anything that “________”.4) To the English the proper way to behave in almost all si to display a languid _____ to almost everything. Even in affairs of the heart, it is considered unseemly to show one’s feelings except ________.5) The term is behaviour both on and off the playing field that characterises everything the English really respect. The term refers to “________”.6) Whilst they m down the English suffer from agonising self-doubt, feeling that in many areas of human activity they just cannot cut the mustard. The underlined expression means __________.7) The English have a strong sense of history and they tend to fillul and inventive, but rarelyText B The English Character (II)S t i f f U p p e rL i p their homes with ______.8) The English are endlessly resourcef ________ their inventions.teristic English pose involveskeep The charac ing the head held high, the upper lip stiffand the best foot forward. In this position,conversation is difficult and intimacy of any kindalmost impossible. This in itself is a clue to theEnglish character.ting rather like the thre nd behaviour against all c od is also Eng in this certainty to the gen vessels make the most noise” and, most telling, “You are not put on to this earth to enjoy yourself”.Small wonder that they end up, as adults, ac e wise monkeys and emotionally in traction.But still the English defend their character a omers. Perhaps that is because Puritanism with its punishing work ethic assures them that their reward for all that restraint will come at a sort of school prize-giving ceremony in the world to come.If it is the latter, they are forgetting that since G lish—a firmly-held belief—any hedonism in the next world will probably be accompanied by mugs of bromide.Nevertheless, the English continue to bask eral astonishment of the rest of mankind.is one trait that absolutely singles out the English it is their shar an excess of emo English the proper way to behave in almost all situations is to d If there ed dislike for anyone or anything that “goes too far”.Going too far, as the English see it, covers displaying tion, getting drunk, discussing money in public or cracking off-colour jokes and then laughing at them noisily. Beyond the pale altogether is the man or woman who regales one with his or her titles or qualifications. The only acceptable place to air these is on an envelope.To the isplay a languid indifference to almost everything, though one may be seething underneath. Even in affairs of the heart, it is considered unseemly to show one’s feelings except behind closed doors.h man or woman refers to you as “a good sport”, you wil sively a sporting one. It describes the sort of beh If an Englis l know that you have really arrived. For to them it is a qualification normally never awarded to a foreigner and by no means within the grasp of all the English.The term is not exclu aviour both on and off the playing field that characterises everything the English really respect. In all physical trials, the goodIt goes without saying that the good sport will also be a good loser. The English are fiercely com S e l re will be no arguing with umpires or outward signs of disappointment. On the contrary, a remark such as “The best man won!” tossed airily to all and sundry, and never through clenched teeth, is obligatory even in the face of crushing defeat.This does not really fool anyone, for the petitive especially in matters sporting. They would rather be crossed in love than beaten on the tennis courts, but to let it be seen would be going too far.f -D o u b tapparent colossal self-confidence and moral certainty of the conquered and foreigners to be e helter-skelter slide from Empire to Commonwealth and S e n It is the English that is paradoxically one of their greatest stumbling blocks. For both qualities are, to a certain extent, only illusions. Whilst they may appear fearless and calm on the surface, deep down the English suffer from agonising self-doubt, feeling that in many areas of human activity they just cannot cut the mustard.All the time there were countries to be governed, the English could sublimate all their clamouring uncertainty. The scent of success served as incense at the altar of their self-assurance.But with th ever downwards, their doubts, like itches, have begun to plague them and it is considered bad form to scratch in public.t i m e n tglish have a strong sense of history. Because their past was so led with old thingsnot The En infinitely more glamorous than their present, they cling to it tenaciously. Mix this love of bygone ages with an unrivalled sentimentality and you have a heady mixture which can be sensed inevery aspect of the English life.Antique shops clutter upevery town and village. Englishhomes are fil only because please the eyebut because there is a feeling thatShi andfather/grandmother, it’s good eno niness is vulgar and the patina of age lends respectability. Thus they cling on to old furniture, old carpets, old chipped china, old kitchen gadgets and garden implements long after common sense dictates that they should be replaced.“If it was good enough for my gr ugh for me!”. The English cry goes up and each new invasion from the future is greeted with the indignant question: “What was wrong with the old one?”. And as far as the English are concerned, there is no answer to that.InventivenessThe English are endlessly resourceful and inventive, but rarely pro one unobserved by gh, he will come up with something with real pro 2. Read the following passage and finish the following exercises.sunny in English comedy shows,to tea drinking in England: The water musttrol is shown infit from their inventions. The inventor in his garden shed turning out gadgets and widgets tends to be almost exclusively male, lacking the more practical female genes in any great numbers.Often perceiving needs in daily life which have g the rest of his compatriots, he will beaver away 24 hours a day creating such indispensable items as the perfect egg boiler or the self-creasing trouser.Occasionally, thou mise like the hovercraft which will then be ignored by his countrymen and taken up by foreigners.1) The English national character is dualistic: One aspect i conservative, the other _____.2) Most Americans find nothing f since English humor is _____ oriented while American humor is more _____ oriented.3) There is a whole ritual be _____ rapidly, the teapot _____, the tea _____, then _____ at least 5 minutes in a teapot covered by a tea cosy.4) In the following passage, the English spirit of con the following aspects: English pubs, ______, pace of living and ______.The English national character is dualistic: One aspect is conservative, the other extroverted. The English people, like people of elsewhere, love to entertain themselves in some pleasure; however, their pleasure always know temperance.The pub is a fine example of the conservative aspect of English character. The pub, unlike the bar in the U.S., is a focal point for the “locals.” One goes to the pub for the same reasons one used to go to church: for fellowship and spiritual enlightenment. There is nothing flashy or plastic about most pubs. Many look like one’s living room, full of plush, soft chairs, couches, a fireplace, and bright lights. The pubs keep respectable hours, too—open from 10 A.M. to 2 P.M. and 5 P.M. to 10 P.M.; Friday and Saturday nights they stay open until 11 P.M. There are no all-night or 3 A.M. public bars. When the pubs close everyone goes home. The pub represents pleasure with control and in good taste.This control is also exemplified in English humor. Most Americans find nothing funny in English comedy shows, since English humor is word oriented while American humor is more action oriented.The same control that is found in English pubs and humor is also found in the English pace of living. Where else does one stand in line quietly for the bus or the taxi?barbarians drink tea by placinga tea bag in a cup of hot water.There is a whole ritual to teadrinking in England: The watermust be boiling rapidly, theteapot warm, the tea loose, thensteeped at least 5 minutes in ateapot covered by a tea cosy.Then and only then does onepour the tea into a cup and drink it. Not only old ladies in lace with Pekingese on their laps drink tea, but a whole nation of workers, entrepreneurs, and aristocrats have tea for breakfast, lunch, and, of course, all activity stops in the afternoon for thecustomary tea break.NotesWinston Churchill (1874–1965) was a Britishpolitician known chiefly for his leadership of theUnited Kingdom during World War II. He served asPrime Minister of the United Kingdom from 1940 to from 1951 to 1955. A noted 1945 and again statesman and orator, Churchill was also an officer in the British Army, a historian, a Nobel Prize-winning writer, and an artist.For FunBooks to ReadJules Verne, Around the World in Eighty Days —Phileas Fogg bets half his fortune against other members of the Reform Club he can travel around the world in 80 days or less.Peter Mandler, The English National Character —a historian of modern Britain challenges long-held familiar stereotypes and proposes an entirely new perspective on what it means to think of oneself as being English.Movies to SeeMr. Bean—Life is a difficultchallenge for Mr. Bean, whohas trouble completing even thesimplest of tasks. Thankfully, his perseverance is usually rewarded, and he finds an ingenious way around the problem.。
英国第一章英语社会文化课课件
The full and official name of the country is the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Island. It’s usually shortened or abbreviated to the United Kingdom or U.K., Great Britain, Britain, or sometimes informally England.
The main religion in Britain is Christianity as practiced by the Anglican Church. Followers of this branch of Christianity are known as Protestants and make up the majority of the population. There are also many Roman Catholics. The Queen is head of the Church of England.
tal of the United Kingdom is located in England. It is the biggest city in Europe and the world's seventh biggest city. More than 7 million people live there. Capital cities London – England Edinburgh – Scotland Cardiff – Wales Belfast – Northern Ireland
英国社会与文化第一单元自测
B.lowlands
C.uplands
你的答案：
B正确
标准答案：
B
解答过程：
17.
13. The two main islands of the UK are _______
A.Great Britain and Ireland
B.Great Britain and Scotland
B错误
标准答案：
A
解答过程：
8.
3. The north and west of Britain are mainly_______.
A.lowlands
B.highlands
C.uplands
你的答案：
B正确
标准答案：
B
解答过程：
9.
17. Which part of UK lies in the north of the country?
一、单选题（共有题目33题）
1.
14. ________ is the Scottish flag.
A.The Saint George's cross
B.Union Jack
C.The Saint Andrew's cross
D.The Saint Patrick's cross
你的答案：
C正确
标准答案：
C.Great Britain and Wales
D.Great Britain and England
你的答案：
A正确
标准答案：
A
解答过程：
18.
30. The official London residence of the British royal family is _________
英语国家社会与文化入门unit
Other ethical groups include Chinese, South Asian, and Latin American communities
Canadian Ethnicity and Multiculturalism
Summary: Canada's vast natural landscape offers a range of outdoor activities for tourists and residents alike
American Pop Culture and Entertainment
Summary: American pop culture is known worldwide for its influence in music, film, television, and more
03
Canadian Society and Culture
Key Events
Some of the significant events in British history include the Industrial Revolution, World War II, and the transition to a post colonial power
Customs and Etiquette
Protocol and etiquette play a significant role in British culture, specifically in formal settings For instance, it is customary to meet royalty with a curtsey or a bow
英语国家社会与文化入门上册unit课件
The courseware provides an overview of the major political parties, election processes, and the role of citizens in the political system.
American history
Summary
The courseware provides an overview of American history, starting from the early settlement of the country to the present day. It covers key events, people, and themes that have shaped the development of American society.
The American education system
Summary: This section of the courseware provides an overview of the American education system, including its structure, financing, and key educational policies.
03
Canadian Society and Culture
Canadian history
• Summary: The courseware provides an overview of the historical development of Canada, including the country's early settlement, the French and British colonial periods, and the establishment of the Dominion of Canada.
英国社会文化Unit+1
Unit 1 The English Character
I think of…
The Britons VS. the Americans
energetic, reserved, optimistic, self-reliant, proud, adventurous, modest, extrovert, romantic, out-going, polite, patient
Within their hearts, the English are perhaps no less conceited than anybody else, but in their relations with others they value at least a show of modesty. Self-praise is felt to be impolite. How to take other people’s compliments? E.g. ---You play the piano very well! A: (American) ---______________________ B: (British) ---______________________
Patience
Importance of Tea
Love of Games
Refusal to Admit Defeat
A Tendency to Cling to the Past
Adaptability to Foreign Conditions
Attitude towards Hostesses
英国社会与文化I. Introduction
6.2 The Commonwealth of Nations (1931)
Worldwide association of nations and their dependencies, whose members share a common commitment to promoting human rights, democracy, and economic development. development. All members accept the British monarch as the symbolic head of the Commonwealth. All but one, Mozambique, were once associated in some constitutional way with either the former British Empire or with another member country.
1.3 National flag of Scotland
St Andrew’s Cross (consisting of two diagonal Andrew’ white stripes crossing on a blue background) St Andrew’s Day (30 November, Scottish national Andrew’ day; St Andrew is the patron saint of Scotland)
England: the English (the Anglo-Saxons) AngloScotland: the Scots (the Celts) Wales: the Welsh (the Celts) Northern Ireland: the Irish (the Celts)
英国社会与文化第一单元
英国社会与文化chapter 11、UK全称: Official name---the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland.----the United Kingdom of the UK每个nation的capitalCapital city National Emblem England London roseScotland Edinburgh Thistle 蓟花Wales Cardiff Daffodil 水仙花Northern Ireland Belfast Shamrock 三叶草2、Largest lake Lough Neagh(内伊湖)/highest mountain Ben Nevis/backbone of the central Northern England:mountain-the Pennines/important river in London Thams3、Edinburgh 1.the capital city of Scotland2.economic center of Scotland3.a tourist city second only to London in UK(Royal Miles & Princes Street)4、Edinburgh castle symbol of Edinburgh &situted on a mound of Vol/Winsor castle largest occupied castle/Holyrood palacethe official residence of the Monarch of the United Kingdom in Scotland,located at the bottom of the Royal Mile in Edinburgh,at the opposite end to Edinburgh Castle5、London Eye the largest Ferris Wheel 摩天轮 in Europe/Big Ben =Elizabeth Tower the largest four-faced chimming clock6、National currency GBP=Great Britain PoundNational day Queen’s Birthday 2nd Saturday of June since 1952National flag Union Flag adopted on Jan 1st 1801National flower roseLocation Western Europe7、Geography Location---Located off the northwest coast of Europe ---an island country surrounded by four seas .to the south by the English Channel,which separates it from continental Europe.to the east by the North Sea.to the west by the Irish sea.to the north by the Atlantic OceanLand & People.very unevenly distributed:90% urban 10% rural .Britain multiracial society and 1 in 20 peopleare of non-European ethnicityClimate a Favorable Maritime Climate.a rainy,changeable and unpredictable weather.mild winters and cool summers.a steady and reliable rainfall throughout the year .a small range of temperature(4-6℃ in the north in Winter,and 12-17℃ in the south in summer)Factor 影响因素.The surrounding waters.south-west winds.North Atlantic Drift8、The British Isles,Great Britain,England,the United Kingdom and the British CommonwealthOfficial name +The British Isles-----Great Britain (England,Wales,Scotland)-----Northern Ireland(also known as Ulster)-----The Republic of Ireland (also the Irish Republic,formly Eire)-----Numberous smaller islandsBritish IslesUnited KingdomIrelandRepublic Northern Of Ireland Ireland Great Britain Scotland。
英语国家社会与文化入门上册unit 1(课堂PPT)
• The four constituent parts plus post-war immigration from the former colonies have rendered the UK a multiracial society.
• The UK maintains its links with its former colonies through the Commonwealth of Nations.
9
The European Union (EU) is a politico-economic union of 28 member states that are located primarily in Europe. The EU operates through a system of supranational institutions and intergovernmental negotiated decisions by the member states.
• Its largest city is the capital London, which is dominant in the UK in all fields: government, finance, and culture.
• British history has been a history of invasions: Romans, Anglo-Saxons, Vikings and the Normans.
英国社会与文化知识1
British society and culture Ⅰ
1
1. What does British Parliament consist of？ • The sovereign， the House of Lords and the House of Commons. The Monarch has the prerogative to summon prorogue, and dissolve parliament.
2
2. What are the components of British social welfare?
• Yet today, the problem of housing in Britain is still a major one and a focus of public concern. The house price of London is among the highest in the world.
4
4.What is Thatcherism?
Thatcherism describes the conviction politics, economic and social policy, and political style of the British Conservative politician Margaret Thatcher, who was leader of her party from 1975 to 1990. It has also been used by some to describe the ideology and wider political culture of the British government while Thatcher was Prime Minister between May 1979 and November 1990. Thatcherism claims to promote low inflation, the small state and free markets through tight control of the money supply, privatization and constraints on the Labor movement. It is often compared with Reaganomics in the United States. Conviction politics： 理想政治（和实干政治对应） conservative 保守的 Reaganomics 里根经济政策（等于Reagan Economics）
英语国家社会与文化 第一单元 英国概述
Ireland
Wales
Pop: 3 million Total GDP: $85.4 billion Per capita $30,546 Capital: Cardiff
Wales
Geography
Somewhat mountainous Temperate Rich coal deposit
Geography
Mostly lowland Mountainous in the north 1000+ islands, mostly north of Scotland
Climate
Temperate – not too cold, not too warm South warmer West wetter
Scotland
Scotland
Geography
Mountainous Temperate climate, at times changeable Mild winters Cooler, wetter summers
Regional Differences
Created by Geographic barriers that led to culture and language differences
Union with England
Rebellions squashed, destroyed Clan culture
Immigration
Agriculture changes and new opportunities led to much immigration out of Scotland in search of fortune
英语国家社会与文化入门Unit1
Unit 1一、判断1、Britain is no longer an imperial country.(T)英国不再是一个帝国主义国家。
2、The Commonwealth of Nations includes all European countries.(F)英联邦的国家包括所有欧洲国家。
3、1 in 10 of the British population are of non-European ethnicity.(F)十分之一个非欧洲的英国人口的种族。
4、The stereotype of the English gentleman never applied to the majority of British people.(T)刻板印象的英国绅士永远适用于大多数的英国人。
5、When people outside the UK talk about England,they mistake it as Britain sometimes.(T)当英国以外的人谈论英国,有时他们的错误这是英国。
6、The scots and Welsh have a strong sence of being British.(F)苏格兰和威尔士有强烈的感觉是英国人。
7、Scotland was never conquered by the Romans.(T)苏格兰从未被罗马人征服。
8、MMost people in Scotland speak the old Celticlanguage,called"Gaelic".(F)大多数人在苏格兰古老的凯尔特语言,称为“盖尔语”。
9、Scotland was unified with England through peaceful means.(T)苏格兰与英格兰通过和平方式统一。
10、Wales is rich in coal deposits.(T)威尔士有丰富的煤炭储量。
英语国家社会与文化-第一章-Introduction-of-uk
Climate Features
• A temperate maritime climate • Three features
– There is often a lot of fog or smog in winter. – There are many more rainy days than sunny
Highlands in Scotland
Ben Nevis
(1 343 meters high)
Airth castle (埃斯城堡)
A 14th century castle
Scottish castle weddings.
Stirling castle (斯特灵城堡)
Palace for Scottish king
days. – The weather is quite instable and changeable.
Introduction to British and American Culture
Mountains and Rivers
• The backbone of UK: Pennines
• Chief mountain ranges: the Cambrians in Wales the Grampians in Scotland (the largest mountain range in the UK)
• What are the major cities in Britain?
• Location: North-western coast of continental Europe
• population: 62,770,000(2013) • density: 270.1persons/sqkm(2013) • total area: 244,820sqkm
英语国家社会与文化unit 1-2
4.The introduction of Christianity
A. Time: late 6th century
B. Event: English was united under one wellorganized church with bishop & cathedral.
1. The Norman Dukes Normandy was the most highly organized
state, and the Norman ruling class were Vikings. The most important class was the knights.
2. Fuse:
B. Baron system: To restrain the growth of the power of the barons, all landowners took the oath that they would be faithful to the king against all other men.
A. Land policy: He owned all the land personally. He gave the landlords lands in return for a promise of military service and a proportion of the land’s produce.
Guthrum
4. Significance:
The social system advanced towards feudalism. Class polarization became marked with the peasants becoming more servile.
英语国家社会与文化入门PPT(unit1-2)
Canadian Natural Landscape and Outdoor Activities
Canada's Geography and Climate
The vast size of the country and its location between the Atlantic, Pacific, and Arctic Oceans
The conflict between the North and South over slavery and states' rights
American pop culture and entertainment industry
Hollywood
The center of the American film industry, known for its blockbuster movies and Oscar winning films
British Tradition and Customs
Tradition
The British have a rich tradition of folklore, including fairy tales, annual rhymes, and traditional customs that are passed down through generations These conditions often reflect the country's history and culture
01
British Society and Culture
British History and Political System
英国国家社会与文化入门
Brian O’ Driscoll is one of Ireland’s best Rugby players
*House Question*
• What is the China's national ball ?
Hurling
Hurling is a game played by
two teams of 15 players each.
Football
Football is very popular in Ireland. Because football is much bigger in England, most of Ireland’s best players play for English clubs such as Manchester United or Liverpool.
sport to watch.
Thanks !
Each player has a wooden
stick. Players hit a small hard leather ball and try to score in the opponents goal.
It is the fastest field sport in
the world and a very exciting
Sport in Ireland.
Ireland has a rich sporting culture. Ireland has two national sports native to Ireland. Hurling. Gaelic football. Croke Park in Dublin is where all major sporting events are currently played. It is the 4th largest stadium in Europe.
英国国家社会与文化（学习资料）
UNIT ONEA BRIEF INTRODUCTION TO THE UNITED KINGDOM ⅠI Name and constituents 1.Physical features1.Full name2.History of invasions2.Constituents V.Introduction to Scotland II.Effects of its imperial past 1.Physical features1.Establishment of the commonwealth2.History2.A multiracial nation3.Retaining strong Scottish identity III. Differences in society VI. Introduction to Wales1.Rsce difference 1.Physical features2.Class difference 2. A history features campaigns3.Region difference for independence of UKIV.Introduction to England1) Name of the country#The Name of the UnionThe full and official name:the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern IrelandThe abbreviated name:the United Kingdom / the UK / Great Britain / BritainThe informal name:England2)British national anthem (国歌)#"God Save the Queen/ the King"Used to be an anthem used in a number of Commonwealth realms;Currently serves as the national anthem of the United Kingdom, one of the two national anthems of New Zealand, and the royal anthem of Canada, Australia, Jamaica and the Isle of Man.#God save the QueenGod save our gracious Queen 帝保佑女王，Long live our noble Queen 祝她万寿无疆，God save the Queen 神佑女王。
英语国家社会与文化入门上册PPT教学课件-U1
London held 3 Olympic games – 1908, 1948 and 2012 respectively.
• 2012 Olympics
The City of London is widely referred to simply as the City and is also colloquially known as the Square Mile, as it is 1.12 sq mi (2.90 km2) in area. It is one of the financial centres of the world.
• Since its entry into EU in 1973, the UK has developed a closer relationships with Europe.
The importance of London in the UK
• London is the capital city of England and the United Kingdom. It is the most populous city in the United Kingdom, with a metropolitan area of over 13 million inhabitants.
• The two maps show the position of the UK in the world and the four constituent parts of the UK
At its height, the British Empire was the largest empire in history. By 1922 the British Empire held sway over about 458 million people, one-fifth of the world's population at the time. The empire covered more than 33,700,000 square km (13,012,000 sq mi), almost a quarter of the Earth's total land area.
英语国家社会与文化入门 Unit 1英国概述【最新文档】
At the peak of its power, it was often said that "the sun never sets on the British Empire" because its span across the globe ensured that the sun was always shining on at least one of its numerous colonies or subject nations.
Unit 1 A Brief Introduction of the UK
Major points
A complicated country with a complicated name and complicated population make-up
The imperial past and its effects on today’s UK Its class and race Its regions
National Emblem
“Union Jack” --- National Flag
The UK flag consists of three elements: • the cross of St. George (red on white) for England, • the cross of St. Andrew (white diagonal on blue) for Scotland, • and the cross of St. Patrick (red diagonal on white) for Ireland.
The imperial effects on today’s UK
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英国社会与文化chapter 1
1、UK全称: Official name
---the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland.
----the United Kingdom of the UK
每个nation的capital
Capital city National Emblem England London rose
Scotland Edinburgh Thistle 蓟花
Wales Cardiff Daffodil 水仙花Northern Ireland Belfast Shamrock 三叶草
2、Largest lake Lough Neagh(内伊湖)
/highest mountain Ben Nevis/backbone of the central Northern England:mountain-the Pennines/important river in London Thams
3、Edinburgh 1.the capital city of Scotland
2.economic center of Scotland
3.a tourist city second only to London in UK(Royal Miles & Princes Street)
4、Edinburgh castle symbol of Edinburgh &situted on a mound of Vol/Winsor castle largest occupied castle/Holyrood palace
the official residence of the Monarch of the United Kingdom in Scotland,located at the bottom of the Royal Mile in Edinburgh,at the opposite end to Edinburgh Castle
5、London Eye the largest Ferris Wheel 摩天轮 in Europe/Big Ben =Elizabeth Tower the largest four-faced chimming clock
6、National currency GBP=Great Britain Pound
National day Queen’s Birthday 2nd Saturday of June since 1952
National flag Union Flag adopted on Jan 1st 1801
National flower rose
Location Western Europe
7、Geography Location
---Located off the northwest coast of Europe ---an island country surrounded by four seas .to the south by the English Channel,which separates it from continental Europe
.to the east by the North Sea
.to the west by the Irish sea
.to the north by the Atlantic Ocean
Land & People
.very unevenly distributed:90% urban 10% rural .Britain multiracial society and 1 in 20 people
are of non-European ethnicity
Climate a Favorable Maritime Climate
.a rainy,changeable and unpredictable weather
.mild winters and cool summers
.a steady and reliable rainfall throughout the year .a small range of temperature(4-6℃ in the north in Winter,and 12-17℃ in the south in summer)
Factor 影响因素.The surrounding waters
.south-west winds
.North Atlantic Drift
8、The British Isles,Great Britain,England,the United Kingdom and the British Commonwealth
Official name +The British Isles
-----Great Britain (England,Wales,Scotland)
-----Northern Ireland(also known as Ulster)
-----The Republic of Ireland (also the Irish Republic,formly Eire)
-----Numberous smaller islands
British Isles
United Kingdom
Ireland
Republic Northern Of Ireland Ireland Great Britain Scotland。