湖州师范学院2011届学位英语考试试卷二以及答案
英语二自考历年真题及答案(2011-2014)
2011年7月高等教育自学考试全国统一命题考试英语（二）试卷及答案（课程代码：00015）I. Vocabulary and. Structure (10 points, 1 point each)从下列各句四个选项中选出一个最佳答案，并在答题卡上将相应的字母涂黑。
1 .Students should_____their own interests as well as do their schoolwork.A. persuade B .pursue C. persist D.proceed2. I'd like to remind you that there is no_____on the part of suspects to answer questions.A. obligationB.evidenceC.transactionD.motivation3. He blamed his poor performance_____jet lag.A.to B .for C.on D.at4 .We_____knowledge from our families,schools,jobs,and the mass media.A.requestB.requireC.inquireD.acquire5. Not until recently_____that Thompson had ben telling the truth all along.A.I realizedB.did I realizeC.I did realizeD.realized I6. I don’t need any help at the moment,but I_____your offer.A.appreciateB.admireC.enjoyD.like7 .The sad condition of women working as house servants around the world received much media_____early this year.A .importance B. attention C.significance D.popularity8 .She has no hostility to us, _____can be judged from her eyes.A. thatB.andC.henceD.as9 .When you're_____ a crisis, it often helps to talk to someone.A.going throughB.going in forC.going afterD.going over10.Decision on whether the message is right or wrong should at least come after _____what the message is.A.putting outB.turning outC.working outD.running out II. Cloze Test (10 points,1 point each)下列短文中有十个空白，每个空白有四个选项。
2011年考研英语二真题及答案
2011年考研英语二真题及参考答案Section I Use of EnglishDirections：Read the following text. Choose the best word (s) for each numbered black and mark A, B, C or D on ANSWER SHEET 1. (10 points)"The Internet affords anonymity to its users — a boon to privacy and freedom of speech. But that very anonymity is also behind the explosion of cyber crime that has 1 across the Web.Can privacy be preserved 2 bringing a semblance of safety and security to a world that seems increasingly 3 ?Last month, H oward Schmidt, the nation’s cyber czar, offered the Obama government a 4 to make the Web a safer place —a “voluntary identify” system that would be the high-tech 5 of a physical key, fingerprint and a photo ID card, all rolled 6 one. The system might use a smart identity card, or a digital credential 7 to a specific computer, and would authenticate users at a range of online services.The idea is to 8 a federation of private online identify systems. Users could 9 which system to join, and only registered users whose identities have been authenticated could navigate those systems. The approach contrasts with one that would require an Internet driver’s license 10 by the government.Google and Microsoft are among companies that already have sign-on” systems that make it possible for users to 11 just once but use many different services.12 , the approach would create a “walled garden” in safe “neighborhoods” and bright “streetlights” to establish a sense of 13 community.Mr. Sc hmidt described it as a “voluntary ecosystem” in which individuals and organizations can complete online transactions with 14 , trusting the identities of the infrastructure that the transaction runs 15 .Still, the administration’s plan has16 privacy rights activists. Some applaud the approach; others are concerned. It seems clear that such an initiative push toward what would 17 be a license” mentality.The plan has also been greeted with 18 by some experts, who worry that the “voluntary ecos ystem” would still leave much of the Internet19 .They argue that should be 20 to register and identify themselves, in drivers must be licensed to drive on public roads.1. A. swept B. skipped C. walked D. ridden2. A. for B. within C. while D. though3. A. careless B. lawless C. pointless D. helpless4. A. reason B. reminder C. compromise D. proposal5. A. information B. interference C. entertainment D. equivalent6. A. by B. into C. from D. over7. A. linked B. directed C. chained D. compared8. A. dismiss B. discover C. create D. improve9. A. recall B. suggest C. select D. realize10. A. released B. issued C. distributed D. delivered11. A. carry on B. linger on C. set in D. log in12. A. In vain B. In effect C. In return D. In contrast13. A. trusted B. modernized C. thriving D. competing14. A. caution B. delight C. confidence D. patience15. A. on B. after C. beyond D. across16. A. divided B. disappointed C. protected D. united17. A. frequently B. incidentally C. occasionally D. eventually18. A. skepticism B. tolerance C. indifference D. enthusiasm19. A. manageable B. defendable C. vulnerable D. invisible20. A. invited B. appointed C. allowed D. forced参考答案：1-5 ACBDD 6-10 BACCA 11-15 DBACA 16-20 CDACDSection II Reading ComprehensionPart ADirections:Read the following four texts. Answer the questions after each text by choosing A, B, C or D. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. (40points)Text 1 The Economist May 4th 2010 ADCABRuth Simmons joined Goldman Sachs’s board as an outside director in January 2000: a year later she became president of Brown University. For the rest of the decade, she apparently managed both roles without attracting much eroticism. But by the end of 2009, Ms. Simmons was under fire for having sat on Go ldman’s compensation committee, how could she have let those enormous bonus payouts pass unremarked? By February the next year Ms. Simmons had left the board. The position was just taking up too much time, she said.Outside directors are supposed to serve as helpful, yet less biased, advisers on a firm’s board. Having made their wealth and their reputations elsewhere, they presumably have enough independence to disagree with the chief executive’s proposals. If the sky and the share price is falling, outside directors should be able to give advice based on having weathered their own crises.The researchers from Ohio University used a database hat covered more than 10,000 firms and more than 64,000 different directors between 1989 and 2004. Then they simply checked which directors stayed from one proxy statement to the next. The most likely reason for departing a board was age, so t he researchers concentrated on those “surprise” disappearances by directors under the age of 70. They fount that after a surprise departure, the probability that the company will subsequently have to restate earnings increased by nearly 20%. The likelihood of being named in a federal class-action lawsuit also increases, and the stock is likely to perform worse. The effect tended to be larger for larger firms. Although a correlation between them leaving and subsequent bad performance at the firm is suggestive, it does not mean that such directors are always jumping off a sinking ship. Often they “trade up.” Leaving riskier, smaller firms for larger and more stable firms.But the researchers believe that outside directors have an easier time of avoiding a blow to their reputations if they leave a firm before bad news breaks, even if a review of history shows they were on the board at the time any wrongdoing occurred. Firms who want to keep their outside directors through tough times may have to create incentives. Otherwise outside directors will follow the example of Ms. Simmons, once again very popular on campus.21. According to Paragraph 1, Ms. Simmons was criticized for .A. gaining excessive profitsB. failing to fulfill her dutyC. refusing to make compromisesD. leaving the board in tough times22. We learn from Paragraph 2 that outside directors are supposed to be .A. generous investorsB. unbiased executivesC. share price forecastersD. independent advisers23. Acco rding to the researchers from Ohio University after an outside director’s surprise departure, the firm is likely to .A. become more stableB. report increased earningsC. do less well in the stock marketD. perform worse in lawsuits24. It can be inferred from the last paragraph that outside directors .A. may stay for the attractive offers from the firmB. have often had records of wrongdoings in the firmC. are accustomed to stress-free work in the firmD. will decline incentives from the firm25. The author’s attitude toward the role of outside directors is .A. permissiveB. positiveC. scornfulD. criticalText 2 The Economist Jun 10th 2010 DBCAAWhatever happened to the death of newspaper? A year ago the end seemed near. The recession threatened to remove the advertising and readers that had not already fled to the internet. Newspapers like the San Francisco Chronicle were chronicling their own doom. America’s Federal Trade commission launched a round of talks about how to save newspapers. Should they become charitable corporations? Should the state subsidize them? It will hold another meeting soon. But the discussions now seem out of date.In much of the world there is the sign of crisis. German and Brazilian papers have shrugged off the recession. Even American newspapers, which inhabit the most troubled come of the global industry, have not only survived but often returned to profit. Not the 20% profit margins that were routine a few years ago, but profit all the same.It has not been much fun. Many papers stayed afloat by pushing journalists overboard. The American Society of News Editors reckons that 13,500 newsroom jobs have gone since 2007. Readers are paying more for slimmer products. Some papers even had the nerve to refuse delivery to distant suburbs. Yet these desperate measures have proved the right ones and, sadly for many journalists, they can be pushed further.Newspapers are becoming more balanced businesses, with a healthier mix of revenues from readers and advertisers. American papers have long been highly unusual in their reliance on ads. Fully 87% of their revenues came from advertising in 2008, according to the Organization for Economic Cooperation & Development (OECD). In Japan the proportion is 35%. Not surprisingly,Japanese newspapers are much more stable.The whirlwind that swept through newsrooms harmed everybody, but much of the damage has been concentrated in areas where newspaper are least distinctive. Car and film reviewers have gone. So have science and general business reporters. Foreign bureaus have been savagely cut off. Newspapers are less complete as a result. But completeness is no longer a virtue in the newspaper business.26. By saying “Newspapers like … their own doom” (Lines 3-4, Para. 1), the author indicates that newspaper .A. neglected the sign of crisis[B]failed to get state subsidies[C]were not charitable corporations[D]were in a desperate situation27. Some newspapers refused delivery to distant suburbs probably because .[A]readers threatened to pay less[B]newspapers wanted to reduce costs[C]journalists reported little about these areas[D]subscribers complained about slimmer products28. Compared with their American counterparts, Japanese newspapers are much more stable because they .[A]have more sources of revenue[B]have more balanced newsrooms[C]are less dependent on advertising[D]are less affected by readership29. What can be inferred from the last paragraph about the current newspaper business?[A]Distinctiveness is an essential feature of newspapers.[B]Completeness is to blame for the failure of newspaper.[C]Foreign bureaus play a crucial role in the newspaper business.[D]Readers have lost their interest in car and film reviews.30. The most appropriate title for this text would be .[A]American Newspapers: Struggling for Survival[B]American Newspapers: Gone with the Wind[C]American Newspapers: A Thriving Business[D]American Newspapers: A Hopeless StoryText 3 The NY Times When Less Was More BDCDB July 1, 2010, 9:30 pm We tend to think of the decades immediately following World War II as a time of prosperity and growth, with soldiers returning home by the millions, going off to college on the G. I. Bill and lining up at the marriage bureaus.But when it came to their houses, it was a time of common sense and a belief that less could truly be more. During the Depression and the war, Americans had learned to live with less, and that restraint, in combination with the postwar confidence in the future, made small, efficient housing positively stylish.Economic condition was only a stimulus for the trend toward efficient living. The phrase “less is more” w as actually first popularized by a German, the architect Ludwig Mies van der Rohe, who like other people associated with the Bauhaus, a school of design, emigrated to theUnited States before World War II and took up posts at American architecture schools. These designers came to exert enormous influence on the course of American architecture, but none more so than Mies.Mies’s signature phrase means that less decoration, properly organized, has more impact than a lot. Elegance, he believed, did not derive from abundance. Like other modern architects, he employed metal, glass and laminated wood-materials that we take for granted today but that in the 1940s symbolized the future. Mies’s sophisticated presentation masked the fact that the spaces he designed were small and efficient, rather than big and often empty.The apartments in the elegant towers Mies built on Chicago’s Lake Shore Drive, for example, were smaller—two-bedroom units under 1,000 square feet—than those in their older neighbors along the city’s Gold Coast. But they were popular because of their airy glass walls, the views they afforded and the elegance of the buildings’ details and proportions, the architectural equivalent of the abstract art so popular at the time.The trend toward “less” was not entirely foreign. In the 1930s Frank Lloyd Wright started building more modest and efficient houses-usually around 1,200 square feet-than the spreading two-story ones he had designed in the 1890s and the early 20th century.The “Case Study Houses” commissioned from talented modern architects by California Arts & Architecture magazine between 1945 and 1962 were yet another homegrown influence on the “less is more” trend. Aesthetic effect came from the landscape, new materials and forthright detailing. In his Case Study House, Ralph Rapson may have mispredicted just how the mechanical revolution would impact everyday life —few American families acquired helicopters, though most eventually got clothes dryers — but his belief that self-sufficiency was both desirable and inevitable was widely shared.31. The postwar American housing style largely reflected the Americans’.[A]prosperity and growth[B]efficiency and practicality[C]restraint and confidence[D]pride and faithfulness32. Which of the following can be inferred from Paragraph 3 about Bauhaus?[A]It was founded by Ludwig Mies van der Rohe.[B]Its designing concept was affected by World War II.[C]Most American architects used to be associated with it.[D]It had a great influence upon American architecture.33. Mies held that elegance of architectural design .[A]was related to large space[B]was identified with emptiness[C]was not reliant on abundant decoration[D]was not associated with efficiency34. What is true about the apartments Mies building Chicago’s Lake Shore Drive?[A]They ignored details and proportions.[B]They were built with materials popular at that time.[C]They were more spacious than neighboring buildings.[D]They shared some characteristics of abstract art.35. What can we learn about the design of the “Case Study House”?[A]Mechanical devices were widely used.[B]Natural scenes were taken into consideration[C]Details were sacrificed for the overall effect.[D]Eco-friendly materials were employed.Text 4 The Economist(经济学家)2010年7月10日Will the European Union make it? The question would have sounded strange not long ago. Now even the project’s greatest cheer leaders talk of a continent facing a “Bermuda triangle” of debt, population decline and lower growth.As well as those chronic problems, the EU face an acute crisis in its economic core, the 16 countries that use the single currency. Markets have lost faith that the euro zone’s economies, weaker or stronger, will one day converge thanks to the discipline of sharing a single currency, which denies uncompetitive members the quick fix of devaluation.Yet the debate about how to save Europe’s single currency from disintegration is stuck. It is stuck bec ause the euro zone’s dominant powers, France and Germany, agree on the need for greater harmonization within the euro zone, but disagree about what to harmonies.Germany thinks the euro must be saved by stricter rules on borrow spending and competitiveness, barked by quasi-automatic sanctions for governments that do not obey. These might include threats to freeze EU funds for poorer regions and EU mega-projects and even the suspension of a country’s voting rights in EU ministerial councils. It insists tha t economic co-ordination should involve all 27 members of the EU club, among whom there is a small majority for free-market liberalism and economic rigour; in the inner core alone, Germany fears, a small majority favour French interference.A “southern” camp headed by French wants something different: “European economic government” within an inner core of euro-zone members. Translated, that means politicians intervening in monetary policy and a system of redistribution from richer to poorer members, via cheaper borrowing for governments through common Eurobonds or complete fiscal transfers. Finally, figures close to the France government have murmured, euro-zone members should agree to some fiscal and social harmonization: e.g., curbing competition in corporate-tax rates or labour costs.It is too soon to write off the EU. It remains the world’s largest trading block. At its best, the European project is remarkably liberal: built around a single market of 27 rich and poor countries, its internal borders are far more open to goods, capital and labour than any comparable trading area. It is an ambitious attempt to blunt the sharpest edges of globalization, and make capitalism benign.36. The EU is faced with so many problems that .[A] it has more or less lost faith in markets[B] even its supporters begin to feel concerned[C] some of its member countries plan to abandon euro[D] it intends to deny the possibility of devaluation37.The debate over the EU’s single currency is stuck becau se the dominant powers .[A] are competing for the leading position[B] are busy handling their own crises[C] fail to reach an agreement on harmonization[D] disagree on the steps towards disintegration38. To solve the euro problem ,Germany proposed that .[A] EU funds for poor regions be increased[B] stricter regulations be imposed[C] only core members be involved in economic co-ordination[D] voting rights of the EU members be guaranteed39. The French proposal of handling the crisis implies that .[A]poor countries are more likely to get funds[B]strict monetary policy will be applied to poor countries[C]loans will be readily available to rich countries[D]rich countries will basically control Eurobonds40. Regarding the future of the EU, the author seems to feel .[A]pessimistic[B]desperate[C]conceited[D]hopeful CCBADPart BDirections:(7选5)In the following text, some sentences have been removed. For Questions (41-45), choose the most suitable one from the list A-G to fit into each of the numbered blank. There are two extra choices, which do not fit in any of the gaps. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. (10 points) Leading doctors today weigh in on the debate over the government's role in promoting public health by demanding that ministers impose "fat taxes" on unhealthy food and introduce cigarette-style warnings to children about the dangers of a poor diet.The demands follow comments last week by the health secretary, Andrew Lansley, who insisted the government could not force people to make healthy choices and promised to free businesses from public health regulations.But senior medical figures want to stop fast-food outlets opening near schools, restrict advertising of products high in fat, salt or sugar, and limit sponsorship of sports events by fast-food producers such as McDonald's.They argue that government action is necessary to curb Britain's addiction to unhealthy food and help halt spiralling rates of obesity, diabetes and heart disease. Professor Terence Stephenson, president of the Royal College of Paediatrics and Child Health, said that the consumption of unhealthy food should be seen to be just as damaging as smoking or binge drinking."Thirty years ago, it would have been inconceivable to have imagined a ban on smoking in the workplace or in pubs, and yet that is what we have now. Are we willing to be just as courageous in respect of obesity? I would suggest that we should be," said the leader of the UK's children's doctors.Lansley has alarmed health campaigners by suggesting he wants industry rather than government to take the lead. He said that manufacturers of crisps and confectionery could play a central role in the Change4Life campaign, the centrepiece of government efforts to boost healthy eating and fitness. He has also criticized the celebrity chef Jamie Oliver's high-pro to improveschool lunches in England as an example of how "lecturing" people was not the best way to change their behaviour.Stephenson suggested potential restrictions could include banning TV advertisements for foods high in fat, salt or sugar before the 9pm watershed and limiting them on billboards or in cinemas. "If we were really bold, we might even begin to think of high-calorie fast food in the same way as cigarettes –by setting stringent limits on advertising, product placement and sponsorship of sports events," he said.Such a move could affect firms such as McDonald’s, which sponsors the youth coaching scheme run by the Football Association. Fast-food chains should also stop offering “inducements” such as toys, cute animals and mobile phone credit to lure young customers, Stephenson said.Professor Dinesh Bhugra, president of the Royal College of Psychiatrists, said: “If children are taught about the impact that food has on their growth, and that some things can harm, at least inf ormation is available up front.”He also urged councils to impose “fast-food-free zones” around school and hospitals-areas within which takeaways cannot open.A Department of Health spokesperson said: “We need to create a new vision for public health where all of society works together to get healthy and live longer. This includes creating a new ‘responsibility deal’ with business, built on social responsibility, not state regulation. Later this year, we will publish a white paper setting out exactly ho w we will achieve this.”The food industry will be alarmed that such senior doctors back such radical moves, especially the call to use some of the tough tactics that have been deployed against smoking overSection Ⅲ Translation46. Directions:In this section there is a text in English. Translate it into Chinese. Write your translation on ANSWER SHEET 2. (15 points)Who would have thought that, globally, the IT industry produces about the same volume of gree nhouse gases as the world’s airlines do --- roughly 2 percent of all CO2 emissions?Many everyday tasks take a surprising toll on the environment. A Google search can leak between 0.2 and 7.0 grams of CO2, depending on how many attempts are needed to get the “right” answer. To deliver results to its users quickly, then, Google has to maintain vast data centres around the world, packed with powerful computers. While producing large quantities of CO2, these computers emit a great deal of heat, so the centres need to be well air-conditioned, which uses even more energy.However, Google and other big tech providers monitor their efficiency closely and make improvements. Monitoring is the first step on the road to reduction, but there is much more to be done, and not just by big companies.Section IV WritingPart A47 Directions:Suppose your cousin Li Ming has just been admitted to a university. Write him/her a letter to1) congratulate him/her, and2) give him/her suggestions on how to get prepared for university life.You should write about 100 words on ANSWER SHEET 2.Do not sign your own name at the end of the letter. Use “Zhang Wei” instead.Do not write the address. (10 points)英语(二)小作文范文：A Letter to LimingJan-15-2011Dear Liming,Congratulate on your success in passing the entrance examination.Now, please allow me to give you some suggestion during your holidays.First of all, you should read. Because it makes a full man. Reading during the holiday helps you get the habit of it that when you become a freshman. College life is so plentiful but reading is the most important thing.Second, to do some housework can bring you another feelings. Once you get into the college, you must do the things for yourself, including washing, clear the room and shedule your daily life and etc.However, reading and housework doesn’t mean all of your holiday. You need contact with your friends or communicate with them. The reason is that old friends will be in your memory and new friends will be there. And we all know that the friendship among senior school.From the things I mentioned above, hope they will bring you a richful life in your college. Zhangwei2011考研英语（二）大作文范文题目Write a short essay based on the following chart. in your writing, you should:1) interpret the chart and2) give your commentsYou should write at least 150 wordsWrite your essay on answer sheet 2 (15points)英语二大作文范文As can be seen clearly from the chart, the market share taken by domestic car brands increased rapidly from 25% in 20008 to nearly 35% in 2009, while conversely, the market share owned by Japanese car brands dropped by 10% from 35% in 2008 to 25% in 2008. What’s more, the market share taken by American car brands is on the upward trend, from 10% to nearly 15%.Three reasons, in my opinion, can account for the changes in car market in these two years. First, the rise of Chinese car s is of little surprise as we have seen Chinese enterprises’ commitment to developing self-owned technologies, which not only free them from potential risks, but also bring about long-term benefit. Second, Japanese cars, which used to be highly praised for their outstanding quality and superior stability, is now reeling from a crisis of confidence. Last, the improvement of American cars’ performance must be attributed to the smart marketing strategy employed by American sellers. They launched a lot of marketing campaigns designed specially for Chinese market, which won them applaud as well as benefit.In order to maintain the good momentum of development, domestic cars should on one hand stick to their self-independent policy, a nd on the other, learn some experiences from Japanese car’s failures and Americans’ success.其他客观题答案：21-25BBDAA26-30DBCBB31-35BDCDB36-40DCBAC41-45EDCFG。
自考英语二历年试题（真题）及答案
2011 年7 月高等教育自学考试全国统一命题考试英语（二）试卷I. Vocabulary and. Structure (10 points, 1 point each)从下列各句四个选项中选出一个最佳答案，并在答题卡上将相应的字母涂黑。
1 .Students should_____their own interests as well as do their schoolwork.A. persuade B .pursue C. persist D.proceed2. I'd like to remind you that there is no_____on the part of suspects to answer questions.A. obligationB.evidenceC.transactionD.motivation3. He blamed his poor performance_____jet lag.A.to B .for C.on D.at4 .We_____knowledge from our families,schools,jobs,and the mass media.A.requestB.requireC.inquireD.acquire5. Not until recently_____that Thompson had ben telling the truth all along.A.I realizedB.did I realizeC.I did realizeD.realized I6. I don ’t need any help at the m o m e n t,_b_u_t_I_your offer.A.appreciateB.admireC.enjoyD.like7 .The sad condition of women working as house servants around the world received much media_____early this year.A .importance B. attention C.significance D.popularity8 .She has no hostility to us, _____can be judged from her eyes.A. thatB.andC.henceD.as9 .When you're_____ a crisis, it often helps to talk to someone.A.going throughB.going in forC.going afterD.going over10.Decision on whether the message is right or wrong should at least come after _____what the message is.A.putting outB.turning outC.working outD.running outII. Cloze Test (10 points,1 point each)下列短文中有十个空白，每个空白有四个选项。
大学英语考试
湖州师范学院2011届学位英语考试试卷一Part II. Choose the best answer. (10%)1. He soon received promotion for his superiors realized that he was a man of considerable____A_____.A. abilityB. futureC. possibilityD. opportunity2. What a lovely party. It is worth ___A___ all my life.A. rememberingB. to rememberC. to be rememberedD. being remembered3. We left the meeting there obviously__B__ no point in staying.A. wereB. beingC. to beD. having4. Many people like white color as it is a __A__ of purity.A. symbolB. signC. signalD. symptom5. This research has attracted wide __C__ coverage and has featured on BBC television’s Tomorrow World.A. messageB. informationC. mediaD. data6. Investigators agreed that passengers on the airliner ____C__ at the very moment of the crash.A. should have diedB. must be dyingC. must have diedD. ought to die7. The __D___ of blood always makes him feel sick.A. formB. viewC. lookD. sight8. I felt somewhat disappointed and was about to leave, __C____ something occurred--- which attracted my attention.A. unlessB. untilC. whenD. while9. Y oung adults____A_ older people are more likely to prefer pop songs.A. other thanB. more thanC. less thanD. rather than10. She ought to stop work; she has a headache because she __A___ too long.A. has been readingB. had readC. is readingD. read11. The hopes, goals, fears and desires ____D__ widely between men and women, between the rich and the poor.A. alterB. shiftC. transferD. vary12. The sale usually takes place outside the house, with the audience _A___ on benches, chairs or boxes.A. having seatedB. seatingC. seatedD. having been seated13. Although Anne is happy with her success, she wonders __B____ will happen to her private life.A. thatB. whatC. itD. this14. It is reported that __C___ adopted children want to know who their natural parents are.A. the mostB. most ofC. mostD. the most of15. Don’t let the child play with scissors __A__ he cuts himself.A. in caseB. so thatC. now thatD. only if16. __C___ the danger from enemy action, people had to cope with a severe shortage of food, clothing, fuel, and almost everything.A. As far asB. As long asC. As well asD. As soon as17. Whenever a big company __C___ a small one, the product almost always gets worse.A. gets on withB. cuts downC. takes overD. puts up with18. Our manager is ___A__ an important customer now and he will be back this afternoon.A. calling onB. calling inC. calling upD. calling for19. It is high time that such practices ____B___.A. are endedB. be endedC. were endedD. must be ended20. The rest of the day was entirely at his ____C__ for reading or recreation.A. dismissalB. survivalC. disposalD. arrival湖州师范学院2011届学位英语考试试卷二Part II. Choose the best answer. (10%)1.On New Y ear’s Eve, New Y ork City holds an outdoor ___B___ which attracts a crowd of a million or more people.A. incidentB. eventC. caseD. affair2.______B_ difficulties we may come across, we’ll help one another to overcome them.A. WhereverB. WhateverC. HoweverD. Whenever3. The hours__A___ the children spend in their one-way relationship with television people undoubtedly affected their relationship with real-life people.A. in whichB. on whichC. whenD. that4. Without proper lessons, you could ______B_ a lot of bad habits when playing the piano.A. keep upB. pick upC. draw upD. catch up5. If this kind of fish becomes ___D___, future generations may never taste it at all.A. minimumB. shortC. seldomD. scarce6. The bank is reported in the local newspaper __C___ in broad daylight yesterday.A. being robbedB. having been robbedC. to have been robbedD. robbed7. __D____ the temperature falling so rapidly, we couldn’t go on with the experiment.A. SinceB. ForC. AsD. With8. According to the American federal government, residents of Hawaii have the longest life __C___: 77.2 years.A. scopeB. rankC. spanD. scale9. We hadn’t met for 20 years, but I recognized her __D__ I saw her.A. for the momentB. the moment whenC. at the moment whenD. the moment10.Though he was born and brought up in America, he can speak __B____ Chinese.A. smoothB. fluentC. fluidD. flowing11. There is no ___A__ to the house from the main road.A. accessB. avenueC. exposureD. edge12. The ___C___ stuck on the envelope says “By Air”.A. diagramB. labelC. signalD. mark13. Reading __B___ the lines, I would say that the Government are more worried than they will admit.A. behindB. betweenC. alongD. among14. Things might have been much worse if the mother ____B_ on her right to keep the baby.A. has been insistingB. had insistedC. would insistD. insisted15. Contrast may make something appear more beautiful than it is when __A____ alone.A. seenB. is seenC. to be seenD. having been seen16. The football game comes to you ___C___ from New Y ork.A. livelyB. aliveC. liveD. living17. None of us expected the chairman to __C___ at the party. We thought he was still in hospital.A. turn inB. turn overC. turn upD. turn down18. We’d better to __B___ a table for five for dinner this evening.A. preserveB. reserveC. retainD. sustain19. How is it ___A__ your roommate’s request and yours are identical?A. in allB. at bestC. for allD. by far20. The European Union countries were once worried that they would not have ___D_ supplies of petroleum.A. proficientB. efficientC. potentialD. sufficient湖州师范学院2011届学位英语考试试卷三Part II. Vocabulary and Structure (10%)21.In order to __C______to life in wild, he has to learn how to hunt .A. effectB. adoptC. adaptD. enter22.During the rush hour, people ___A____the subway.A. crowdB. preventC. wasteD. leak23. He found his usual corner seat __B____at the pub,so he had to look for another one .A. emptyB. occupiedC. freeD. held24. If you have high blood pressure, you should _C_________eating too much salt.A. escapeB. suggestC. avoidD. relieve25. We’ll ____C____that difficulty before we carry out our new plan.A. get offB. get outC. get overD. get along26. The train is _____B____to arrive at the station at10:30 if everything is all right.A. dueB. managedC. conductedD. suggested27. We must ______B____our efforts on developing their reading skills.A. focusB. displayC. insistD. cast28. They all predicted that the American basketball team would not B_____ the first place to Russia.A. undermineB. yieldC. striveD. entail29. I don’t like to watch TV, because whenever you turn it on, you are B with a lot of advertisements.A. bombedB. bombardedC. questionedD. applauded30. Only the managers of the company have __C_____ to the restricted area.A. enterB. accessC. availableD. limitation31. A guilty B prevented her from sleeping at night.A. consciousB. consciousnessC. conscientiousD. conscience32.The A of men to women in the population has changed in recent years.A. proportionB. probabilityC. presumptionD. prominent33. It has been revealed that some government leaders C their authority to get illegal profits for themselves.A. employB. disabuseC. abuseD. overlook34. After only two years in this market, our US sales __B____ those in Japan.A. have overtakenB. have overchargedC. have overlookedD. have overpopulated35. Every citizen in this country has the right to vote, __D_____the color of his skin.A. with the exception ofB. in the light ofC. by virtue ofD. regardless of36. We hope the special loans from the bank will ___B___ our company _____ the crisis.A. pull … downB. pull …outC. pull … throughD. pull…together37. A lorry _A______ Jane’s cat and sped away.A. ran overB. ran intoC. ran throughD. ran down38.____D____my car was being made ready for a long journey.A. In the momentB. At the momentC. By the moment D .For the moment39. He came all the way to China for promoting friendship __C________for making money.A. after allB. better thanC. rather thanD. above all40. Not until the game had begun __C_____ at the sports ground.A. had he arrivedB. would he have arrivedC. did he arriveD. should he have arrived湖州师范学院2011届学位英语考试试卷四Part II Vocabulary and Structure (10%)21. John’s news report covering the conference was so ____C_____that nothing had been omitted.A. clearB. understandableC. comprehensiveD. protective22. Every part of a new car should be carefully checked before ___C_______.A. assemblyB. applicationC. combinationD. input23. The children will not be allowed to go with us if they don’t _____C_themselves better.A. directB. declareC. behaveD. conduct24. He was given _____B______pay for working overtime.A. overB. doubleC. lessD. equal25. They ______B____us to a swimming contest.A. invaded B .appealed C. challenged D. charged26. When she was dead, many of her friends came to attend her__B______.A. meetingB. funeralC. ceremonyD. bury27. The officer ___B____the suspect to wait at the scene of the crime.A. allowedB. forcedC. persuadedD. enabled28. He had waited so long that he became____A___.A. impatientB. patientC. quietD. reserved29. It is ____B___ to eat hot foods in Chongqing city.A. casualB. typicalC. formalD. false30. The relationship between employers and employees has been studied _D_____.A. originallyB. extremelyC. violentlyD. intensively31.The system is extremely __C_____ because it runs on half-price electricity.A. economicB. economyC. economicalD. economize32.The United Nations was supposed to ___A____ the role of global peacekeeper.A. undertakeB. underwayC. undergoD. underestimate33. Those gifts of rare books that were given to us were deeply __D_____.A. appreciatedB. approvedC. appealedD. applied34. Our son doesn't know what to __B_____ at the university; he can't make up his mind about his future.A. take inB. take upC. take overD. take after35. If the whole operation __C_____ beforehand, a great deal of time and money would have been lost.A. was not plannedB. has not been plannedC. had not been plannedD. were not planned36. The project ____A___ by the end of 2000 will expand the city’s telephone network to cover 1,000,000 users.A. accomplishedB. being accomplishedC. to be accomplishedD. having been accomplished37. In no country ___D____ Britain, it has been said, can one experience four seasons in the course of a single day.A. other thanB. more thanC. better thanD. rather than38. These dresses are __A____ because each one has a minor defect.A. on saleB. at a lossC. for rentD. on business39. No one was sure exactly what happened, __A______how it happened.A. let aloneB. in any caseC. in the wayD. now that40. Y ou can ____D__your close friend to help you when you are in trouble.A. keep onB. hold upC. call offD. count on湖州师范学院2011届学位英语考试试卷五Part II Vocabulary and Structure (10%)21.Applicants for the typist's job will be judged __B__ how accurate and fast they are.A. in favor ofB. in terms ofC. in ways ofD. in spite of22. Homework __B______ on time will lead to better grades.A. doneB. be doneC. having doneD. having been done23. There are so many people that the hall was ____A____.A. breaking apart at the seamsB. coming apart at the seamsC. bursting at the seamsD. fall apart at the seams24. Hardly a month goes by without ___B_____ of another survey revealing new depth of scientific illiteracy among U. S. citizens.A. wordsB. wordC. the wordD. a word25. Although punctual himself, the professor was quite used ___B_____ late for his lecture.A. to have studentsB. to students' beingC. for students to beD. for students being26. He never ____A_____ to read the news but turned at once to the crossword on the last page.A. worriedB. noticedC. painedD. troubled27. We forgave his bad temper because we knew that his son's illness had put him under great _____D____.A. emotionB. excitementC. crisisD. stress28. The price they offered for my old car was so low that I ___A______ it down.A. broughtB. turnedC. calledD. refused29. Many students found the book __A____ because it provided them with an abundance of information on the subject.A. enlighteningB. confusingC. distractingD. amusing30. I just managed to ___B____ a quick breath before I was sucked under the water by the passing boats.A. loadB. gainC. snatchD. grab31. The government's strong action demonstrated its ____D___ to crush the rebellion.A. energyB. resistanceC.courageD. determination32. Nobody knows how long and how seriously the shakiness in the financial system will ______C___ down the economy.A. putB. settleC. dragD. knock33. I tried very hard to persuade him to join our group but I met with a flat ___A______.A. disapprovalB. rejectionC. refusalD. decline34. Inquiries _______D__ the condition of the patients may be made personally or by telephone.A. revealingB. concerningC. affectingD. following35. __A_______ that may eventually reduce the amount of labor needed on construction sites by 90 percent.A. So clever are the construction robotsB. Such construction robots are cleverC. So clever the construction robotsD. Such clever construction robots are36. Unless he is ___A_____ intense love, he hardly ever looks into someone else's eyes for very long.A. confessingB. refusingC. grantingD. covering37. In general, matters which lie entirely within the state boundaries are the _____D_ concern of the state government.A. excessiveB. externalC. excludingD. exclusive38. It's just __B____ ten minutes past eleven now. Let's hurry up, or we will miss the train.A. come up withB. come outC. come roundD. come up to39. A friendship may be ____D____, relaxed, situational or deep and lasting.A. identicalB. originalC. criticalD. superficial40. The observer's statement about the accident was very __A___; we know almost every thing about it now.A. specialB. especialC. exceptionalD. special湖州师范学院2011届学位英语考试试卷六Part II Vocabulary and Structure (10%)21. The starter gave the ___B______ for the race to begin.A. adviceB. signalC. glowD. attention22. I didn't know what to do, but then an idea suddenly __C______ to me.A. appearedB. happenedC. occurredD. emerged23. We watched the plane ___A______ behind the clouds.A. disappearingB. disappearedC. divingD. dived24. It was difficult to guess what her ____A____ to the news would be.A. reactionB. commentC. impressionD. opinion25. The father advised her to avoid the mistake made by many couples ofmarrying for the wrong reasons __A______ he found the young man charming and intelligent.A. as thoughB. even thoughC. because ofD. due to26. The boy _____D_____ the dog with a thick stick but the dog did not yield.A. came atB. came withC. won overD. won at27. The government will have to work hard ____C______ the confidence of thepeople after the terrible event.A. to win backB. to win throughC. to come up withD. to come at28. A teacher should always be considerate ____B___ the welfare of his pupils.A. inB. toC. ofD. at29. After she became a lawyer, she decided to _____B______ in contract law.A. studyB. specializeC. learnD. contribute30. His company promised to pay for his health __B_____ in addition to otherbenefits.A. examinationB. certificateC. checkD. insurance31. My bag looks ___A_____ to Mary's, so I often take hers by mistake.A. sameB. identicalC. differentD. like32. A completely new situation is likely to ___A_____ when the school leavingage is raised to 16.A. affectB. riseC. ariseD. happen33. It might be asked what the author's basic ___A_____ were; then we couldunderstand his works better.A. talentsB. intentionsC. educationsD. symbols34. Until then, his family ____D____ from him for six months.A. didn't hearB. hasn't heardC. hasn't been hearingD. hadn't heard35. After the Arab states won independence, great emphasis was laid onexpanding education, with girls as well as boys ____B____ to go to school.A. to be encouragedB. being encouragedC. been encouragedD. be encouraged36. Applicants for the typist's job will be judged __C______ how accurate andfast they are.A. in favor ofB. in terms ofC. in ways ofD. in spite of37. We are not in favour of ___D_______ without him.A. having a partyB. have a partyC. taking a partyD. take a party38. Since we can't hear you at the back of the hall, you'll have to ______C____your voice.A. liftB. increaseC. raiseD. open39. The noise of the traffic ___C______ Paul from his work.A. preventedB. distractedC. annoyedD. upset40. Nobody knows how long and how seriously the shakiness in the financialsystem will ____C_____ down the economy.A. putB. settleC. dragD. knock湖州师范学院2011届学位英语考试试卷七Part II Vocabulary and Structure (10%)1. I don’t think I could ____B____ another night without sleep.A. put upB. endeavourC. standD.approve2. My car ____C____ so I had to come by car.A. fell downB. fell offC. broke downD. broke up3. He ___B_____ me of his sister.A. remembersB. remindsC. recallsD. recollects4. The car is too expensive for me. I can’t ___C_____.A. spendB. costC. affordD. pay5. I’ve made an ____D____ for you to see the dentist at 5 o’clock tomorrow afternoon.A. interviewB. assignmentC. opportunityD. appointment6. That student ___C_____ his hand every time I ask a question.A. gets upB. risesC. raisesD. puts on7. The ___A_____ outside the house says “No Parking”.A. noticeB. paperC. noteD. signal8. Good _____B___! I hope you win the race.A. fortuneB. luckC. chanceD. fate9. When they arrived at the crossroads, they went the wrong ___D_____.A. trackB. passageC. streetD. way10. He is the most __B______ singer in his country.A. publicB. popularC. respectingD. referred11. He doesn’t work but he gets a good ____A____ from his investment.A. incomeB. salaryC. moneyD. wage12. Do you feel __D______ for a cup of tea?A. sureB. intendedC. inclinedD. likely13. Our classroom is __A______ in the building.A. bigger than any other oneB. bigger than every oneC. the biggest of all the othersD. the biggest than others14. Wipe the dust ____A____ the table.A. offB. fromC. ontoD. out of15. Who was the first person __A______ today?A. spoke to youB. you spoke toC. you spokeD. whom you spoke16. _____C___ of them knows about the plan because it is secret.A. FewB. NobodyC. NoneD. Little17. It has been the same old story ever __C______ he was a little boy.A. fromB. afterC. sinceD. when18. It started to snow ___B_____ to the airport.A. while we were goingB. goingC. to goD. while going19. ___B_____ from space, our earth, with water covering 70% of its surface, appears as a “blue planet”.A. SeeingB. SeenC. To be seenD. Being seen20. People cannot close their eyes to the facts _____C___.A. no longerB. not any longerC. any longerD. not longer湖州师范学院2011届学位英语考试试卷八Part II Vocabulary and Structure (10%)1.1 realized who had planned the whole scheme __D___ I saw him.A. untilB. in caseC. whileD.the instant2. After his father’s death, Philip returned from Europe and ____B__ his father’s farm.A. took inB. took charge ofC. took awayD. took advantage of3. The poor man tried to ____D____ the bitter memories of the accident from his mind, but failed.A. wipeB. ignoreC. forgetD. delete4. She could not get in touch with her husband after the floods and her anxiety was ____A____to everyone.A. attachedB. applicableC. apparentD. appropriate5. The _B____of a cash-machine is to provide people with cash when the bank is shut.A. purposeB. goalC. functionD. target6. Two years after graduation, she was employed by the company to ____B____ the manager withhis duties.A. supportB. assistC. associateD. benefit7._____A___of the health of his children, Mr. Robert has given up smoking.A. For the sakeB. InsteadC. On the groundsD. Because8. The young man took an early lead in the race and ____A____for 1,000 meters.A. held it upB. held it backC. held it outD. held onto it9. The brave mother ____A____her child from the big fire which destroyed the whole building.A. rescuedB. hidC. preventedD. selected10. —- Can I have a look at the magazine?-----__D__A. By no meansB. By means ofC. By any meansD. By all means11.1 wish I ___C___so much ice cream; I was sick three times during the night.A. hadn’t eatenB. didn’t eatC. wouldn’t eatD. haven’t eaten12. 15% of the children ___A___ said that they prefer cats to dogs.A. sampledB. samplingC. to sampleD. to be sampled13. They _D__ day and night for a month in an effort to get the bridge ready at the end of the year.A. workedB. have workedC. are workingD. have been working14.I think you should complain _C___, of course, you are happy with the way things are.A. untilB. unlessC. whenD. provided15. He____C____ ill that day; I met him playing computer games in the net bar around the corner.A. mustn’t have beenB. might not have beenC. couldn’t have beenD. shouldn’t have been16. The news that over the past two weeks about thirty people __A__of the disease scares the world.A. dieB. had diedC. diedD. have died17. When ____A____ what he had heard, he just smiled and said nothing.A. askedB. was askedC. askingD. being asked18.___B_____about it earlier, we could have warned people of the danger.A. If we have knownB. Had we knownC. When we had knownD. We have known19. People have been advised not to risk ___C_____ abroad in these conditions.A. to travelB. being travelingC. travelingD. to be traveling20. She was worried lest he __A______ someone what had happened.A. toldB. tellC. would tellD. tells。
00015英语二自考试卷之2011年10月全国自考英语二自考试题和答案
参考答案一单选1、 Elderly ……A habit2、 It is ……C rate3、 Unexpectedly ……C declined4、 A good manager ……C with5、 Everything ……C points6、 Besides ……B additional7、 The biologist ……D in place of8、 Scientists ……A with9、——，jane is ……D Rich as she is10、——I admire ……D Much as二、完型Courage is an essential attribute in、learning a foreign language。
……11-----20DABCD, ABDCB11 D either 12 A way 13 B insisted 14 C as a result 15 D for16 A varieties 17 B understood 18 D purpose 19 C ignore 20 B until三、阅读段落一Karen was 14，depressed and not doing well at school。
……21------25CDBDD21 C confidence 22 D always failed in her study 23 B an educationalpsychologist24 D support Sally without neglecting herother children25 D develop into an artist段落二the amount of time kids spend online is asource of frustration for many parents。
……26------30AABCD26 A the time children consume 27 A have their children properly use theinternet28 B a strong desire to do something29 Cisolated30 D negative段落三American scientist have found that some birdsare more intelligent than believed。
学位英语考试真题及答案解析(二 )
学位英语考试真题及答案解析（二）Part I Dialogue Completion (10 points)Directions: In this part, there are 3 dialogues with 3 or 4 blanks, each followed by 4 choices marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the choice that best suits the situation until the dialogue is complete. With Dialogue One, all the choices will have to be used. With Dialogue Two and Dialogue Three, one choice will be left unused. Mark your answer on the ANSWER SHEET with a single bar through the Centre of the letter that indicates your choice.Dialogue OneWoman: I heard you’re moving to New York.Man: Yes. 1Woman: Oh, that's great! 2Man: Me, too. Let's keep in touch.Woman: Yeah, 3Man: Trust me. I won't. I'll keep you posted.Woman: 4Man: Well, I have your e-mail address.Woman: All right! I look forward to hearing from you soon. Good luck!A. You have my address?B. Don't forget to drop me a line when you settle down.C. But I' m going to miss you.D. I’ve got an offer in upstate New York.Dialogue TwoM: Mrs. Tyler, there is something I've been wondering about.W: What is it?M: Some people say that women's work is in the house.W: 5 Maybe it’s different in your country.M: Well, of course, you hear all kinds of ideas. But I think it's true. Women's work is at home.W: 6 But I think it should be shared. What I' m saying is that women should work outside the house because they can do a lot to help the family.M: There is plenty to do at home. 7W: Excuse me, but I don't agree.A. But I don't think so.B. Work at home is important, of course.C. Women do most work at home.D. Besides, women are better at housework and men are better at business. Dialogue ThreeMan: Let’s take a walk.Woman: 8Man: Let me step outside and see. 9Woman: So I have to put on my cap and wear a jacket.Man: Do you think we should bring our gloves?Woman: I think we should, just in case it gets colder. 10Man: Yes, but it may get colder as the sun goes down.A. So we'll get warmer as we walk.B. I hear that it may snow in the evening.C. What’s the weather like?D. Oh, it’s a little chilly.Part II Reading Comprehension (40 points)Directions:There are 4 passages in this part. Each passage is followed by 5 questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are 4 choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the best one and mark your answer on the ANSWER SHEET with a single bar through the Centre of the letter that indicates your choice.Passage 1The top of the world is a wonderland. In winter, the temperature often falls to -30 degrees Fahrenheit and the sun never rises. The ocean is surrounded by frozen ground. There are few people or trees, but to polar bears, the Arctic is home.Polar bears have thick fur, big paws and other features that make them well prepared for life in their tough environment. In fact, they need the Arctic sea ice for survival. But climate change is causing larger and larger areas of summer sea ice to melt. Experts say that if warming patterns continue, the Arctic could be free of summer sea ice by 2050. That may cause two-thirds of the word's 20,000 polar bears to be gone by then too.Polar bears can’t survive for long on land. Seals are their main source of food. The only place where polar bears can hunt seals is on the ice. Although these bears are strong swimmers, they are no match for lightning swift seals in the water. A polar bear has brilliantly clever strategies to overcome this disadvantage. In winter the bear waits motionl ess beside a seal’s breathing hole, which is a narrow tunnel through the ice. Often many hours pass before the seal comes up for air and the bear kills it with a powerful blow of its paw. In summer, the polar bears that live on land eat very little and wait for the sea ice to returnWith the sea ice forming later in the year and melting earlier, polar bears do not have enough opportunity to hunt and eat. Less sea ice makes it harder for the bears to catch the seals. The bears must swim longer distances between ice packs, and they can’t always make it. The ice is also getting thinner. These conditions can cause polar-bear cubs to become separated from their mothers, who provide them with food.Steven Amstrup is the chief scientist of Polar Bear International北极熊国际. The group aims to save the bears and their home. "The more people who see polar bears and understand their difficult situations, the better the chance we’ll alter our warmingpath in time to save them," he says.11. Which is the best title for the passage?A. Climate Change in the ArcticB. How to Protect the EnvironmentC. The Arctic Is Home to Polar BearsD. Polar Bears in Danger12. Where do polar bears usually hunt seals?A. On land.B. In open water.C. In openings in the sea iceD. At the bottom of the sea.13. The word "cubs" in the fourth paragraph is closest in meaning to ______.A. adultsB. babiesC. huntersD. enemies14. According to the passage, which of the following statements is TRUE?A. Starving polar bears are increasingly coming into villages, where they may be killed either for food or safety.B. Polar bears can spend their entire lives on land if the sea ice melts completely.C. Two-thirds of the world's polar bears may disappear by 2050 as global warming continues.D. The growing distance between ice packs is not a problem for polar bears, because they are excellent swimmers.15. What’s the mission of Polar Bears International?A. Saving energy.B. Conducting scientific research.C. Seeking international cooperation.D. Saving polar bears and their home.Passage 2The exact number of English words is not known. The large dictionaries have over half a million entries, but many of these are compound words ( schoolroom, sugar bowl) or different derivatives of the same word ( rare-rarely, rarefy) , and a good many are obsolete words to help us read older literature. Dictionaries do not attempt to cover completely words that we can draw on: the informal vocabulary, especially slang, localism, the terms of various occupations and professions; words used only occasionally by scientists and specialists in many fields; foreign words borrowed for use in English; or many new words or new senses of words that come into use every year and that may or may not be used long enough to warrant being included. It would be conservative to say that there are over a million English words that any of us might meet in our listening and reading and that we may draw on in our speaking and writing.Professor Seashore concluded that first-graders enter school with at least 24, 000 words and add 5,000 each year so that they leave high school with at least 80,000. These figures are for recognition vocabulary, the words we understand when we reador hear them. Our active vocabulary, the words we use in speaking and writing is considerably smaller.You cannot always produce a word exactly when you want it. But consciously using the words you recognize in reading will help get them into your active vocabulary. Occasionally in your reading pay particular attention to these words, especially when the subject is one that you might well write or talk about. Underline or make a list of words that you feel a need for and look up the less familiar ones in a dictionary. And then before very long find a way to use some of them. Once you know how they are pronounced and what they stand for, you can safely use them.16. According to the author’s estimation, there are ____ words in English.A. more than half a millionB. at least 24,000C. at least 80,000D. more than a million17. The italicized word "obsolete" in the first paragraph is closest in meaning to _____A. no longer in useB. profoundC. colorfulD. common18. One's recognition vocabulary is ______.A. less often used than his active vocabularyB. smaller than his active vocabularyC. as large as his active vocabularyD. much larger than his active vocabulary19. The author does not suggest getting recognition vocabulary into active vocabulary by _____.A. making a list of words you need and looking up the new ones in a dictionaryB. spending half an hour studying the dictionaryC. consciously using the words you recognize in readingD. trying to use the words you recognize20. From the passage we learn that _____.A. dictionaries completely cover the words we can make use ofB. "schoolroom" is used in the passage as an example of a specialized termC. once you know how a word is pronounced and what it represents, you have turned it into your active wordD. active vocabulary refers to words we understand when we read and hear them Passage 3In 1991, when announced to be HIV positive, "Magic" Johnson became the face of a disease that the public still had a lot to learn about. The basketball star established the Magic Johnson Foundation that year and took a leading role on the public relations and fund-raising fronts in the fight against HIV and AIDS. Fifteen years later, there is still more work to do."A lot of times, what happens is that the poster is not enough," Johnson says, motioning to his likeness on the blackboard behind him. 'So I have to get out and tell them myself, like I'm doing here today." Johnson is now talking to an assembly at Boys and Girls High School in his neighborhood of Brooklyn, N.Y. The crowd is a few hundred students in a mostly black, working-class neighborhood. Thus event is the fourth of a 10-city speaking tour that is organized for minority communities.According to drug maker Abbot, half of the more than 1 million Americans living with HIV are black. African-American men are being diagnosed with the disease at a rate 10 times as high as that of white men. For women, the situation is even worse. The rate of diagnosis for African-American women is 23 times as high as that for their white counterparts."Right now, we don't have a solution on how to combat it, so we're trying to do some different things than what has happened before," Johnson says.Getting the word out is what draws Johnson to black neighborhood high schools such as this one, and the message he brings with him is a practical one. "The safest sex is no sex," he says. "But, in reality, we know only a certain number of people are going to hear that. Then I hit them with Hey, if you’re going to do it, you’ve got to protect yourself and your partner."Hopefully, by talking realistically instead of avoiding the issues, Johnson can help make the next generation of African-Americans less likely to have HIV and AIDS. "Just try to be real with them," he says. "They appreciate that."21. The phrase "disease that the public still had a lot to learn about" here means a disease that __.A. was already well-known thenB. was too complicated for peopleC. was still too new to be understoodD. killed too many victims then22. According to the passage, the group with the highest AIDS rate is ______.A. the white AmericansB. African-American menC. the American womenD. the black American women23. The speaker is named "Magic" Johnson because ______.A. he was once a famous basketball coachB. he was a happy survivor of the unhappy diseaseC. he was given chance to talk of his own experienceD. he was a very practical and realistic person in life24. The word "combat" (Paragraph 4) is closest in meaning to ______.A. come backB. combineC. fight againstD. avoid25. What is the purpose of Johnson’s speech tour?A. To take himself as an example in fighting the disease.B. To raise the awareness of young Americans against the disease.C. To provide a better cure for the black American HIV sufferers.D. To try some new medical solutions on the HIV and AIDS sufferers. Passage 4As any middle-class parent knows, unpaid work experience can give youngsters a valuable introduction to a secure job. The government has recognized it too, abandoning rules in 2011 that had formerly stopped 16 to 24-year-olds from doing unpaid work while claiming unemployment benefit. But moving from that to forcing them to work without pay in order to collect these benefits has proved a big step.More than one million young people in Britain are unemployed, the highest number since the mid-1980s. Keen both to cut the welfare bill and to avoid the depressed future wages that may result from early unemployment, the government has introduced an ambitious program of reform to get youngsters off welfare and into work. A key part of it is ensuring that no one gets benefit from the government for long; ministers are keen to avoid what happened after the early-1980s recession, when unemployment continued in some parts of the country for a long time after the economy began to improve.To help young people into work, ministers had persuaded lots of employers, including bakery chains, bookshops and supermarkets, to take on unemployed youths, who receive work experience but no pay, with the prospect of a proper job for those who shine. Some 35,000 youngsters participated last year; half found paid work soon after finishing the scheme.The idea of getting young adults used to showing up for work is popular with voters: according to a survey published in February, about 60% of people support the program. Equally attractive was the option of compelling them to work: Under the existing arrangements youngsters could choose whether or not to accept a place, but if they dropped out after the end of the first week, they stood to lose up to two weeks' benefits.Yet the scheme has also polarized opinion: a third of people are consistently opposed. Following a noisy "Right to Work" campaign that accused employers of co-operating secretly with the government in "forced labor", several firms dropped out of the program. To prevent this from getting worse, Chris Grayling, an employment minister, admitted that young people could leave their work experience at any time without being punished for doing so. This not only halted the flight of employers ( for now, at least) but also enabled him to announce that new firms have agreed to take part in the program.26. According to the passage, young people in Britain ______.A. are used to showing up for workB. value unpaid work very muchC. are always opposed to unpaid workD. could learn something about job security through unpaid work27. According to the passage, which of the following is NOT TRUE?A. Most voters support the government’s effort to help young people to work.B. Some people protest against the government' s attempt to force young people to work.C. There are more than one million young people who took part in the program.D. There are more than one million young people who are jobless.28. According to the author, the British government is trying to _______.A. punish young people if they are not cooperating with itB. reform the unemployed youngstersC. avoid the economic slowdownD. reduce welfare spendingPart Ⅲ Vocabulary and Structure (20 points)Directions: There are 20 incomplete sentences in this section. For each sentence there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the ONE answer that best completes the sentence. Mark your answer on the ANSWER SHEET with a single bar through the Centre of the letter that indicates your choice.31. I suffer from stage __ whenever I have to make a presentation in front of the class.A. surpriseB. trialC. frightD. display32. The whole new policy has proved a ____ and should be abandoned.A. factorB. balanceC. warningD. failure33. We should consider all such projects from a scientific ______.A. perspectiveB. perfectionC. prospectD. presentation34. The response to the concerts was not warm enough so I decided to postpone booking tickets ____ later in the year.A. untilB. byC. exceptD. beyond35. He asked a second time, but I couldn’t remember ____ any of these works.A. readB. to readC. to have readD. having read36. The teacher _____, they went on with their discussion.A. leavingB. bring leftC. was leavingD. having left37. Seeing her father come back, ________.A. tears ran down her cheeksB. her tears ran outC. she burst into tearsD. tears burst into her38. ____singer and _____ dancer is also good at drawing.A. The; aB. The; theC.A; aD. The; /39. It's such a difficult problem _______ no one can work it out.A. asB. thatC. soD. thus40. If I ____ you, I would go now and wait for them at the station.A. amB. wasC. wereD. have been41. Ted, _____ yourself and don’t get your coat dirty again, or you will get into trouble!A. behaveB. makeC. performD. take42. In the dead man’s bedroom the p olice found several important ____ which pointed to Blake as the murderer.A. careersB. cluesC. challengesD. dreams43. To assume the care for the pets can bring _ the humanity in our children and even in us adults.A. aboutB. inC. outD. up44. A mirror ____ a picture of you when you look in it.A. affectsB. reactsC. reflectsD. recognizes45. The father lost his _ just because his son fought again with others in school.A. mindB. moodC. passionD. temper46. It is necessary _____ for students to take tests at monthly.A. intervalsB. timesC. periodsD. terms47. Every field of chemistry _____ different chemical reactions.A. holdsB. consistsC. composesD. involves48. Before the war broke out, many people ____ in safe places possessions they could not take with them.A. threw awayB. put awayC. gave awayD. carried away49. ____or not, you are going to face him one day.A. If you like itB. Whether you like itC. However you like itD. Whether do you like it50. Even Charles, ______, couldn't move the piano a bit.A. as he is strongB. strong as is heC. as strong he isD. strong as he is Part lV Translation (15 points)Directions: Translate the following passage into Chinese and put your translation on the ANSWER SHEET.The ideal rural lifestyle reflected in the art and literature is a great characteristic in Chinese civilization. It is largely attributed to the Taoism affection to nature. There are two most preferred topics in traditional Chinese paintings. One kind depicts various happy scenes of family life in which the elderly play chess and drink tea, young men farm and harvest in the field, women weave or sew clothes and kids play in the outside. The other depicts the recreations of rural life. In these paintings, fishermen fish on the lake, farmers hew or collect herbs on the hills and scholars compose poems or paintings under pine trees. These two themes respectively represent the ideal life of Confucianism and Taoism.Part V Writing (15 points)Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition on the topic "Online Shopping". You should write in no less than 100 words, and base your composition on the outline given in Chinese below:1. 网上购物流行的原因;2. 你对网上购物的看法。
湖州师范学院2011届学位英语考试试卷八
湖州师范学院2011届学位英语考试试卷八Part I Reading Comprehension (40%)Passage OneParents have to do much less for their children today than they used to, and home has become much less of a workshop. Clothes can be bought ready made, washing can go to the laundry, food can be bought cooked, canned or preserved, bread is baked and delivered by the baker, milk arrives on the doorstep, meals can be had at the restaurant, the work‘s canteen (自助食堂), and the school dining-room.It is unusual now for father to pursue his trade or other employment at home, and his children rarely, if ever, see him at his place of work. Boys are therefore seldom trained to follow their father‘s profession, and in many towns they have a fairly w ide choice of employment and so do girls. The young wage-earner often earns good money, and soon acquires a feeling of economic independence. In textile (纺织) areas it has long been a rule for mothers to go out to work, and this practice has become so widespread that the working mother is now a not unusual factor in a child‘s home life, and the number of married women in employment has more than doubled in the last twenty-five years. With mother earning and his older children drawing decent(相当好的) wages, father is seldom the dominant figure that he still was at the beginning of the century. When mother works, economic advantages increase, but children lose something of great value if mother‘s employment prevents her from being home to greet them when they return from school.1. What does the first paragraph tell us?A. People did much more work for others than today.B. There are more school dining-rooms now than in the past.C. Home used to be more like a workshop than today.D. There are more ready made clothes available in the market.2. What is the main reason that children DO NOT do the same job as their father does?A. Because they have a lot of jobs to choose from.B. Because they do not know much about their father's job.C. Because their father‘s job is not exciting enough.D. Because their father does not like them to pursue his trade.3. What does the writer like to see about a working mother?A. She earns more money than her husband.B. She goes back home earlier than her children do.C. She plays a more important role in the family.D. She works near home to take care of her children.4. What does the word ―dominant‖ (Para.2) most probably mean?A. powerfulB. responsibleC. unimportantD. hardworking5. What relationship is the passage mainly concerned with?A. That between husband and wife.B. That between mother and children.C. That between father and children.D. That between parents and children. Passage twoIf an agreement signed in Germany works out, travelers of this Asian city mayone day be able to move from the downtown area to its new airport on a train riding a stream of magnetic energy at speeds up to 500 kilometers per hour.The 40-kilometer trip – now sometimes a long hour journey when the traffic is heavy – could be cut to less than 10 minutes.Such are the goals of a costly project designed to help to ―shorten‖ the distance between the city center and the suburban busy airport by making it easier and faster to carry travelers to and back from the airport.The mayor of the city and Germany‘s Thyssen Krupp AG worked out an agreement in Berlin only several days ago that lays the groundwork for the magnetic levitation (悬浮) train line. They signed an agreement to carry out an initial study on the project and out lined the city‘s intention to import German technology. The project, once completed and acceptable to the two business parties, will be a double-win: the German company can benefit from exporting its technology and the city receiving German technology can improve its traffic and further strengthen its position as an international city.Called Maglev for short, the system under discussion makes use of a high-speed train levitated above a guideway (高速车辆的导路) and driven by magnetic fields. The project has been in the talking stage for several months.Hans Ueberschaer, the German government official, visited the city together with Harmut Heine, representative of Thyssen Krupp. They had an initial discussion with the mayor there about the project. The talks were believed to be constructive and paved the way for the future talks in Berlin, where an agreement was reached.6. How much time will the high-speed train save travelers at most?A. Over 10 minutes.B. Over 40 minutes.C. Over 50 minutes.D. Over 60 minutes.7. Which of the following is NOT true about the new project?A. It is still under discussion.B. More agreements will be reached.C. It is already under construction.D. An agreement was signed in Berlin.8. What does the passage say about the intention to build the train line?A. To achieve a win-win for both parties.B. To improve the transportation system of the city.C. To import advanced German technology.D. To strengthen the relationship between the two parties.9. What does ―Maglev‖ (Para.5) stand for?A. The new train system.B. Germany‘s T hyssen Krupp.C. The mayor of the city.D. A German government official.10. Where does the passage most likely appear?A. In a novel.B. On the radio.C. In a journal.D. In a textbook. Passage ThreeIn some countries there is a fixed charge for personal services. A certain percentage may be added to the bill at a hotel or restaurant ―for the service‖. In other places the customer may be expected to give a tip, or a small amount of money, as a sign of appreciation whenever services are performed. In the United States there is no standard practice in regard to tipping. The custom is more common in a large city thanin a small town. A native American may often be in doubt about when and how much to tip when he is in a city that is strange to him. In general, however, a tip is expected by the porter who carries your baggage, by taxi drivers (except, perhaps, in a small town), and by those who serve you in hotels and restaurants.When you pick up your incoming baggage at an airport, you may tip the man who takes it to the taxi or airport bus. He usually expects one dollar a bag for his service. In some cities the taxi that takes you to your hotel may have one meter (计价器) that shows the cost of the trip and another that shows a fixed charge, usually about 50 cents, for ―extra‖. In some cities the taxi driver may expect a tip in addition to the ―extra‖, especially if he carries your suitcase. If no ―extra‖ is charged, a tip is us ually given. Hotels generally do not make a service charge, though there are places where one is added. It is customary (惯常的), however, to give something to the porter who carries your suitcases and shows you to your room. In case of doubt, one dollar for each bag he carries is satisfactory. In a restaurant you generally leave about 15 percent of the bill in small change on that table as a tip for the person who has served you. A service charge is generally not included in the bill except in some of the larger, more expensive places. If the order is small –a cup of coffee at a lunch counter, or something of the sort – a tip is not usually expected.11. Whom do customers usually have to tip?A. A bus driver.B. A hotel manager.C. An airport porter.D. A restaurant cook.12. When does a native American get puzzled about tipping?A. When he stays in a big hotel.B. When he goes to a small town.C. When he travels to a big city.D. When he has meals in a restaurant.13. How many payments does a taxi-customer have to make at most?A. One.B. Two.C. Three.D. Four.14. Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage?A. Tips are generally expected in restaurants.B. One does not have to tip if he orders a small thing.C. A porter expects only one dollar for his services.D. Tips are included in the bill in some large and expensive places.15. Which of the following is the best title for the passage?A. Why Customers Have to TipB. Where Customers Have to TipC. When Customers Have to TipD. How Much Customers Have to Tip Passage fourTeacher evaluation (评价) have been carried out in a lot of schools in recent years. Every term students are given the opportunity to evaluate their teachers. They are supposed to judge their teachers‘ lectures, interests in students‘ problems, methods of exercise, and general ability to conduct a class. Then, when the teacher has left the classroom, they must write their evaluation o the forms provided. They are not supposed to exchange views or discuss their responses. After everyone has completed the forms, one student collects and puts them in envelopes.It is very difficult to evaluate another person‘s performance fairly. For example, Santa recently wrote irresponsible remarks about her teacher because she was failingthe course. Her friend Sam wrote a marvelous description of the same teacher because he was receiving an A in the course. Both Santa and Sam were not fairly evaluating the teacher. They were influence by the grades they were earning and were unfair in their judgments.Another irresponsible form of evaluation occurred when James rated his teacher excellent because the teacher is ―easy‖. He gives few tests and only assigns (分配) one paper during the entire term. His lectures are often filled with jokes and endless stories about his family. On the other hand, James rated Professor Jones poor because he assigns homework daily, gives pretest previews and post-test reviews, and packs his lectures with information.Santa, Sam, and James have not thought about their teachers‘ teaching abil ities. They have written unfair evaluations and have not given thought to their evaluations. They have not made fair judgments, but instead have been influenced by their own personality and have equated (使等同) light work with excellence in teaching.16. Santa and Sam judged their teacher by ____________.A. his teaching abilityB. his humorous storiesC. the grades that they were earningD. his marvelous remarks17. James‘ evaluation was influenced by ____________.A. the amount of courseworkB. his own performanceC. the teacher‘s abilityD. the teacher‘s family background18. The word ―easy‖ in ―…the teacher is ‗easy‘‖(Paragraph 3) most probably means________.A) not difficult B) not proudC) not strict D) not serious19. The students didn‘t evaluate their teachers fairly because _________.A) it was difficult for them to do soB) they didn‘t know how to make judgmentsC) their personality affected them a lotD) they received unfair treatment20. The best title for this passage is __________.A) Teacher EvaluationsB) Students‘ judgmentC) Easy and Tough teachersD) How to be fairPart II V ocabulary and Structure (10%)1.1 realized who had planned the whole scheme ________ I saw him.A. untilB. in caseC. whileD.the instant2. After his father‘s death, Philip returned from Europe and________ his father‘s farm.A. took inB. took charge ofC. took awayD. took advantage of3. The poor man tried to ________ the bitter memories of the accident from his mind, but failed.A. wipeB. ignoreC. forgetD. delete4. She could not get in touch with her husband after the floods and her anxiety was ________to everyone.A. attachedB. applicableC. apparentD. appropriate5. The ________of a cash-machine is to provide people with cash when the bank is shut.A. purposeB. goalC. functionD. target6. Two years after graduation, she was employed by the company to ________ the manager with his duties.A. supportB. assistC. associateD. benefit7.________of the health of his children, Mr. Robert has given up smoking.A. For the sakeB. InsteadC. On the groundsD. Because8. The young man took an early lead in the race and ________for 1,000 meters.A. held it upB. held it backC. held it outD. held onto it9. The brave mother ________her child from the big fire which destroyed the whole building.A. rescuedB. hidC. preventedD. selected10. —- Can I have a look at the magazine?-----____A. By no meansB. By means ofC. By any meansD. By all means11.I wish I ______so much ice cream; I was sick three times during the night.A. hadn‘t eatenB. didn‘t eatC. woul dn‘t eatD. haven‘t eaten12. 15% of the children ______ said that they prefer cats to dogs.A. sampledB. samplingC. to sampleD. to be sampled13. They ___ day and night for a month in an effort to get the bridge ready at the end of the year.A. workedB. have workedC. are workingD. have been working14.I think you should complain _____, of course, you are happy with the way things are.A. untilB. unlessC. whenD. provided15. He________ ill that day; I met him playing computer games in the net bar around the corner.A. mustn‘t have beenB. might not have beenC. couldn‘t have beenD. shouldn‘t have been16. The news that over the past two weeks about thirty people ____of the disease scares the world.A. dieB. had diedC. diedD. have died17. When ________ what he had heard, he just smiled and said nothing.A. askedB. was askedC. askingD. being asked18.________about it earlier, we could have warned people of the danger.A. If we have knownB. Had we knownC. When we had knownD. We have known19. People have been advised not to risk ________ abroad in these conditions.A. to travelB. being travelingC. travelingD. to be traveling20. She was worried lest he ________ someone what had happened.A. toldB. tellC. would tellD. Tells。
湖州师范学院2011届学位英语考试试卷七
湖州师范学院2011届学位英语考试试卷七Part I Reading Comprehension (40%)Passage OneI don’t ever want to talk about being a woman scientist again. There was a time in my life when people asked constantly for stories about what it’s like to work in a field dominated by men. I was never very good at telling those stories because truthfully I never found them interesting. What I do find interesting is the origin of the universe, the shape of space-time and the nature of black holes.At 19, when I began studying astrophysics, it did not bother me in the least to be the only woman in the classroom. But while earning my Ph. D. at MIT and then as a post doctor doing space research, the issue started to bother me. My every achievement – jobs, research papers, awards – was viewed through lens of gender(性别) politics. So were my failures. Sometimes, when I was pushed into an argument on left brain versus(相对于) right brain, or nature versus nurture(培育), I would instantly fight fiercely on my behalf and all womankind.Then one day a few years ago, out of my mouth came a sentence that would eventually become my reply to any and all provocations: I don’t talk about that anymore. It took me 10 years to get back the confidence I had at 19 and to realize that I did n’t want to deal with gender issues. Why should curing sexism be yet another terrible burden on every female scientist? After all, I don’t study sociology or political theory.Today I research and reach at Barnard, a women’s college in New York City. Recently, someone asked me how many of the 45 students in my class were women. You cannot imagine my satisfaction at being able to answer. 45. I know some of my students worry how they will manage their scientific research and a desire for children. And I don’t dismiss those concerns. Still, I don’t tell them “war”stories. Instead, I have given them this: the visual of their physics professor heavily pregnant doing physics experiments. And in turn they have given me the image of 45 women driven by a love of science. And tha t’s a sight worth talking about.1. Why doesn’t the author want to talk about being a woman scientist again?A. She feels unhappy working in male-dominated fields.B. She is fed up with the issue of gender discrimination.C. She is not good at telling stories of the kind.D. She finds space research more important.2. From Paragraph 2, we can infer that people would attribute the author’s failure to ______.A. the very fact that she is a womanB. her involvement in gender politicsC. her over-confidence as a female astrophysicistD. the burden she bears in a male-dominated society3. What did the author constantly fight against while doing her Ph. D. and post doctoral research?A. Lack of confidence in succeeding in space science.B. Unfair accusations from both inside and outside her circle.C. People’s stereotyped attitude towards female scientists.D. Widespread misconceptions about nature and nurture.4. Why does the author feel great satisfaction when talking about her class?A. Female students no longer have to bother about gender issues.B. Her student s’ performance has brought back her confidence.C. Her female students can do just as well as male students.D. More female students are pursuing science that before.5. What does the image the author presents to her students suggest?A. Women students needn’t have the concerns of her generation.B. Women have more barriers on their way to academic success.C. Women can balance a career in science and having a family.D. Women now have fewer problems pursuing a science career.Passage twoThere are three kinds of goals: short-term，medium-range and long-term goals.Short-range goals are those that usually deal with current activities，which we can apply on a daily basis. Such goals can be achieved in a week or less，or two weeks，or possible months. It should be remembered that just as a building is no stronger than its foundation, out long-term goals cannot amount to very munch without the achievement of solid short-term goals. Upon completing our short-term goals，we should date the occasion and then add new short-term goals that will build on those that have been completed.The intermediate goals build on the foundation of the short-range goals. They might deal with just one term of school or the entire school year，or they could even extend for several years. Any time you move a step at a time，you should never allow yourself to become discouraged or overwhelmed. As you complete each step，you will enforce the belief in your ability to grow and succeed. And as your list of completion dates grow，your motivation and desire will increase.Long-range goals may be related to our dreams of the future. They might cover five years or more. Life is not a static thing. We should never allow a long－term goal to limit us or our course of action.6. Our long-term goals mean a lot________________.A. if we complete our short-range goals B .if we cannot reach solid short-term goalsC. if we write down the datesD. if we put forward some plans7. New short-term goals are built upon_______.A. two yearsB. long-term goalsC. current activitiesD. the goals that have been completed8. When we complete each step of our goals,____________.A. we will win final successB. we are overwhelmedC. we should build up confidence of successD. we should strong desire for setting new goals9. Once our goals are drawn up，____________.A. we should stick to them until we complete themB. we may change our goals as we have new ideas and opportunitiesC. we had better wait for the exciting news of successD. we have made great decision10.It is implied but not stated in the passage that ____________.A. those who have long－term goals will succeedB. writing down the dates may discourage youC .the goal is only a guide for us to reach our destinationD. every should have a goalPassage ThreeThere are two factors which determine an individual’s intelligence. The first is the sort of brain he is born with. Human brains differ considerably, some being more capable than others. But no matter how good a brain he has to begin with, an individual will have a low order of intelligence unless he has opportunities to learn. So the second factor is what happens to the individual – the sort of environment in which he is brought up. If an individual is handicapped(不利) environmentally, it is likely that his brain will fail to develop and he will never attain the level of intelligence of which he is capable.The importance of environment in determining an individual’s intelligence can be demonstrated by the case history of the identical twins, Peter and Mark. Being identical, the twins had identical brains at birth, and their growth processes were the same. When the twins were three months old, their parents died, and they were placed in separate foster(抚养) homes. Peter was raised by parents of low intelligence in an isolated community with poor educational opportunities. Mark was reared in the home of well-to-do parents who had been to college. He was read to as a child, sent to good schools, and given every opportunity to be stimulated intellectually. This environmental difference continued until the twins were in their late teens, when they were given tests to measure their intelligence. Mark’s I.Q. was 125, twenty-five points higher than the average and fully forty points higher than his identical brother. Given equal opportunities, the twins, having identical brains, would have tested at roughly the same level.11. This selection can best be titled _________.A. Measuring Your IntelligenceB. Intelligence and EnvironmentC. The Case of Peter and MarkD. How the Brain Influences Intelligence12. The best statement of the main idea of this passage is that _________.A. human brains differ considerablyB. the brain a person is born with is important in determining his intelligenceC. environment is crucial in determining a person’s intelligenceD. persons having identical brains will have roughly the same intelligence13. According to the passage, the average I. Q. is _________.A. 85B. 100C. 110D. 12514. The case history of the twins appears to support the conclusion that _________.A. individuals with identical brains seldom test at the same levelB. an individual’s intelligence is determined only by his environmentC. lack of opportunity blocks the growth of intelligenceD. changes of environment produce changes in the structure of the brain15. This passage suggests that an individual’s I.Q. _______.A. can be predicted at birthB. stays the same throughout his lifeC. can be increased by educationD. is determined by his childhoodPassage fourCancer is feared by everyone. And this fear is reaching epidemic(流行性) proportions. Not the disease itself –there is no such thing as a cancer epidemic. Except for lung cancer, mostly caused by cigarette smoking, the incidence rates are leveling off, and in the case of some kinds of cancer are decreasing. But the fear of cancer is catching, and the country stands at risk of an anxiety. The earth itself is coming to seem like a huge carcinogen(致癌物). The ordinary, more or less scientific statement that something between 80 and 90 percent of all cancers are due to things in the environment is taken to mean that none of us will be safe until the whole environment is “cleaned up.” This is not at all the meaning.The 80-percent calculation is based on the unthinkable differences in the incidence of cancer in various societies around the world –for example, the high proportion of liver cancer in Africa and the Far East, stomach cancer in Japan, breast cancer in Western Europe and North America, and the relatively low figures for breast cancer in Japan and parts of Africa and for liver cancer in America. These data indicate there may be special and specific environmental influences, largely based on personal life-style, that determine the incidence of various forms of cancer in different communities –but that is all the data suggest. The overall incidence of cancer, counting up all the cases, is probable roughly the same everywhere.16. Which of the following is closest to meaning to the phrase “leveling off”?A. Became very popularB. Reached its lowest level in popularityC. Stopped being popularD. Stopped increasing its popularity17. According to the passage, the incidence of cancer is generally believed _____.A. to be based on inactive life styleB. to be due to anxietyC. to result from environmental influencesD. to be caused by heavy smoking18. It can be inferred from the passage that the writer’s opinion about the relationship between cancer and environment is_____.A. positiveB. negativeC. neutralD. approving19. According to the passage, the writer seems to feel that_____.A. cancer risk is on the riseB. the whole earth resembles a huge carcinogenC. the risk of catching cancer is not so great as most people conceiveD. cancer can be cured sooner or later20. Which of the following would be the best TITLE for the passage?A. Cancer and EnvironmentB. The Fear Caused by CancersC. Data on Cancer IncidenceD. Cancer and its InvestigationPart II V ocabulary and Structure (10%)1. I don’t think I could ________ another night without sleep.A. put upB. endeavourC. standD.approve2. My car ________ so I had to come by car.A. fell downB. fell offC. broke downD. broke up3. He ________ me of his sister.A. remembersB. remindsC. recallsD.recollects4. The car is too expensive for me. I can’t ________.A. spendB. costC. affordD. pay5. I’ve made an ________ for you to see the dentist at 5 o’clock tomorrow afternoon.A. interviewB. assignmentC. opportunityD.appointment6. That student ________ his hand every time I ask a question.A. gets upB. risesC. raisesD. puts on7. The ________ outside the house says “No Parking”.A. noticeB. paperC. noteD. signal8. Good ________! I hope you win the race.A. fortuneB. luckC. chanceD. fate9. When they arrived at the crossroads, they went the wrong ________.A. trackB. passageC. streetD. way10. He is the most ________ singer in his country.A. publicB. popularC. respectingD. referred11. He doesn’t work but he gets a good ________ from his investment.A. incomeB. salaryC. moneyD. wage12. Do you feel ________ for a cup of tea?A. sureB. intendedC. inclinedD. likely13. Our classroom is ________ in the building.A. bigger than any other oneB. bigger than every oneC. the biggest of all the othersD. the biggest than others14. Wipe the dust ________ the table.A. offB. fromC. ontoD. out of15. Who was the first person ________ today?A. spoke to youB. you spoke toC. you spokeD. whom you spoke16. ________ of them knows about the plan because it is secret.A. FewB. NobodyC. NoneD. Little17. It has been the same old story ever ________ he was a little boy.A. fromB. afterC. sinceD. when18. It started to snow ________ to the airport.A. while we were goingB. GoingC. to goD. while going19. ________ from space, our earth, with water covering 70% of its surface, appears as a “blue planet”.A. SeeingB. SeenC. To be seenD. Being seen20. People cannot close their eyes to the facts ________.A. no longerB. not any longerC. any longerD. not longer。
湖州师范学院2011届学位英语考试试卷二以及答案
湖州师范学院2011届学位英语考试试卷二Part I. Reading Comprehension. (40%)Section A: Fast ReadingDirections: In this part, you will be asked to go over the passage quickly and then choose the best answer from the four choices marked A, B, C and D for each question.What to Expect from College LifeCongratulations! Y ou've been accepted into college. Y ou're excited and maybe a little bit nervous. What can you expect? Read on for our advice.Prepare yourself for a new life at collegeEntering college is like starting a new phase of life where you have to learn to support yourself. Y ou will have to adjust to your new surroundings, try to do everything by yourself and learn to stand on your own two feet. As you negotiate the ups and downs of student life, you will learn how to manage the situations that arise.Learn to enjoy the hardshipsWe all know college life is wildly different from middle school. It's the place where teenagers become adults and academia meets society. Ideally, your time at college will help you mature (成熟) physically and mentally, equip you with knowledge and prepare you for your professional career.It's a challenging process, so it's not realistic to expect everything to always work in your favor. Y ou won't win every prize and you won't be popular with all your classmates all the time. The set-backs and challenges –like failure, betrayal and unjust treatment –are just as important for your growth as the good times. Only once you have experienced these things will you know what society and life is like.Communicate with othersCollege is just like a small society, so you have to communicate with your peers to make the most of your time. Social communication is easier to learn than technology. Smile at your classmates, show your concern and speak with them. Then they will be happy to help you in return. T ake on your own responsibilitiesY ou are becoming a fully-functioning adult in society. Don't count on others to make decisions or plans for you. Y ou are your own master. As an active student, you should plan your life and manage your study right from the start of your college life. Face up to your troubles bravely and don't run away.College is a very important time of your life and you should make the most of it. Y ou will learn as much from the real world as you will from textbooks, as much from practice as theory. If you pay attention, you will acquire precious knowledge, goods sense, social experience and determination.1. How would you prepare for a new life at college?A. Learn to support yourself.B. Adjust to new environment.C. Try to be independent.D. All above.2.In college, the set-backs and______ are of equal importance for college students’growth as the good times.A. failureB. betrayalC. challengesD. unjust treatment3. College life may help students’_______ physically and mentally, equip them withknowledge and get ready for their professional career.A. matureB. capableC. ambitiousD. strong4. According to the passage, which of the following is NOT true?A. Entering college is like starting a new phase of life.B. Y ou can win every prize and be popular with all your classmates all the time.C. Social communication is easier to learn than technology.D. Y ou will learn as much from the real world as you will from textbooks.5. To be a fully-functioning adult in society, a college student should not count on others buttake on their own______.A. decisionsB. plansC. responsibilitiesD. futureSection B: Reading in DepthDirections: There are 3 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D).Passage oneAs regards social conventions, we must say a word about the well[/color]-known English class system. This is an embarrassing subject for English people, and one they tend to be ashamed of, though during the present century class-consciousness has grown less and less, and the class system less rigid. But it still exists below the surface. Broadly speak ing, it means there are two classes, the “middle class” and the “working class”. (We shall ignore for a moment the old “upper class”, including the hereditary aristocracy, since it is extremely small in numbers; but some of its members have the right to sit in the House of Lords, and some newspapers take a surprising interest in their private life. The middle class consists chiefly of well-to-do businessmen and professional people of all kinds. The working class consists chiefly of manual and unskilled workers.The most obvious difference between them is in their accent. Middle-class people use slightly varying kinds of “received pronunciation”which is the kind of English spoken by BBC announcers and taught to overseas pupils. Typical working-class people speak in many different local accents which are generally felt to be rather ugly and uneducated. One of the biggest barriers of social equality in England is the two-class education system. To have been to a so-called “public school” immediately marks you out as one of the middle class. The middle classes tend to live a more formal life than working-class people, and are usually more cultured. Their midday meal is “lunch” and they have a rather formal evening meal called “dinner”, whereas the working man’s dinner, if his working hours permit, is at midday, and his smaller, late-evening meal is called supper.As we have said, however, the class system is much less rigid than it was, and for a long time it has been government policy to reduce class distinctions. Working-class students very commonly receive a university education and enter the professions, and working-class incomes have grown so much recently that the distinctions between the two classes are becoming less and less clear.However, regardless of one’s social status, certain standards of politeness are expected of everybody, and a well-bred person is polite to everyone he meets, and treats a labourer with the same respect he gives an important businessman. Servility inspires both embarrassment anddislike. Even the word “sir”, except in school and in certain occupations (e.g. commerce, the army etc.) sounds too servile to be commonly used./CET46/CET4/yuedu/2008-10-06/55957_2.html6. The middle class mainly refers to people.A. who were born as aristocratB. who have the right to sit in the House of LordsC. who speak in many different local accentsD. who are prosperous businessmen or who work in some professions7. The most obvious difference between the working class and the middle class in English is their.A. dressB. workC. accentD. meal8. Why isn’t the word "sir" commonly used in Britain?A. Because it sounds too servile and is likely to cause embarrassment.B. Because it can only be used in some certain occupations.C. Because it is an impolite word.D. Because it shows that the speaker is not a well-bred person.9. The "upper class" in England today.A. are extremely small in number so that media pays no attention to themB. still uses old words like "Sir" in their everyday lifeC. includes the hereditary aristocracyD. refers only to the royal family10. Which of the following is not true about the English class system?A. It is an embarrassing subject for English people.B. Working-class students cannot receive a university education.C. The class system is much less rigid than it was.D. The class system still exists below the surface.Passage twoOne of the most interesting paradoxes in America today is that Harvard University, the oldest institution of higher learning in the United States, is now engaged in a serious debate about what a university should be, and whether it is measuring up.Like the Roman Catholic Church and other ancient institutions, it is asking - still in private rather than in public - whether its past assumptions about faculty, authority, admissions, courses of study, are really relevant to the problems of the 1990’s.Should Harvard or any other university be an intellectual sanctuary, apart from the political and social revolution of the age, or should it be a laboratory for experimentation with these political and social revolutions; or even an engine of the revolution? This is what is being discussed privately in the big clapboard houses of faculty members around the Harvard Y ard. The issue was defined by Waiter Lippmann, a distinguished Harvard graduate, several years ago. “If the universities are to do their work,” he said, “they must be independent and they must be dis interested… They are places to which men can turn for judgements which are unbiased by partisanship and special interest. Obviously, the moment the universities fall under political control, or under the control of private interests, or the moment they themselves take a hand inpolitics and the leadership of government, their value as independent and disinterested sources of judgement is impaired.”This is part of the argument that is going on at Harvard today. Another part is the argument of the militant and even many moderate students: that a university is the keeper of our ideals and morals, and should not be “disinterested” but activist in bringing the nation’s ideals and actions together.Harvard’s men of today seem more troubled and le ss sure about personal, political and academic purpose than they did at the beginning. They are not even clear about how they should debate and resolve their problems, but they are struggling with them privately, and how they come out is bound to influence American university and political life in the 1990’s./vip/article/2009-11-9/58656-3.htm11. The issues in the debate on Harvard’s goals are whether the universities should remain independent of our society and its problems, and whether they should——.A. fight militarismB. overcome the widespread drug dependencyC. take an active part in solving society’s illsD. support our old and established institutions12. In regard to their goals and purposes in life, the author believes that Harvard men are becoming ——.A. more sure about themB. less sure about themC. more hopeful of reaching a satisfactory answerD. completely disillusioned about ever13. The word “paradox” in para graph 1 is ——.A. a parenthetical expressionB. a difficult puzzleC. an abnormal conditionD. a self-contradiction14. The word “sanctuary”in paragraph 3 is——.A. a holy place dedicated to a certain godB. a temple or nunnery of middle ageC. a certain place you can hide in and avoid mishapsD. an academy for intelligent people15. In the author’s judgement, the ferment going on at Harvard——.A. is a sad symbol of our general bewildermentB. will soon be over, because times are bound to changeC. is of interest mostly to Harvard men and their friendsD. will influence future life in AmericaPassage threeConsumers are being confused and misled by the hodge-podge (大杂烩) of environmental claims made by household products, according to a “green labeling” study published by Consumers International Friday .Among the report’s more outrageous (令人无法容忍的) findings，a German fertilizer described itself a s “ earthworm friendly”， a brand of flour said it was “non-polluting” and a British toilet paper claimed to be “environmentally friendlier”The study was written and researched by Britain’s National Consumer Council (NCC) for lobby group Consumer International. It was funded by the German and Dutch governments andthe European Commission.“ While many good and useful claims are being made , it is clear there is a long way to go in ensuring shoppers are adequately informed about the environmental impact of products they buy,” said Consumers International director Anna Fielder .The 10-country study surveyed product packaging in Britain. Western Europe, Scandinavia and the United States. It found that products sold in Germany and the United Kingdom made the most environmental claims on average.The report focused on claims made by specific products , such as detergent (洗涤剂) insect sprays and by some garden products . It did not test the claims, but compared them to labeling guidelines set by the International Standards Organization (ISO) in September, 1999.Researchers documented claims of environmental friendliness made by about 2,000 products and found many too vague or too misleading to meet ISO standards.“Many products had specially-designed labels to make them seem environmentally friendly, but in fact many of these symbols mean nothing,” said report researcher Philip Page.“Laundry detergents made the most number of claims with 158. Household cleaners were second with 145 separate claims, while paints were third on our list with 73. The high numbers show how very confusing it must be for consumers to sort the true from the misleading.” he said.The ISO labeling standards ban vague or misleading claims on product packaging, because terms such as “environmentally friendly” and “non-polluting” cannot be verified. “What we are now pushing for is to have multinational corporations meet the standards set by the ISO.” said Page./html/article/200906/55760_2.shtml16. According to the passage, the NCC found it outrageous that ______A) all the products surveyed claim to meet ISO standardsB) the claims made by products are often unclear or deceivingC) consumers would believe many of the manufactures’ claimD) few products actually prove to be environment friendly17. As indicated in this passage , with so many good claims , the consumers ___A) are becoming more cautious about the products they are going to buyB) are still not willing to pay more for products with green labelingC) are becoming more aware of the effects different products have on the environmentD) still do not know the exact impact of different products on the environment18. A study was carried out by Britain’s NCC to _______A) find out how many claims made by products fail to meet environmental standardsB) inform the consumers of the environmental impact of the products they buyC) examine claims made by products against ISO standardsD) revise the guidelines set by the International Standards Organization19. What is one of the consequences caused by the many claims of household products?A) They are likely to lead to serious environmental problemsB) Consumers find it difficult to tell the true from the falseC) They could arouse widespread anger among consumerD) Consumers will be tempted to buy products they don’t need20. It can be inferred from the passage that the lobby group Consumer International wants to ____.A) make product labeling satisfy ISO requirementsB) see all household products meet environmental standardsC) warn consumers of the danger of so-called green productsD) verify the efforts of non-polluting productsPart II. Choose the best answer. (10%)1.On New Y ear’s Eve, New Y ork City holds an outdoor ______ which attracts a crowd of a million or more people.A. incidentB. eventC. caseD. affair/exam/yy_2804.asp2._______ difficulties we may come across, we’ll help one another to overcome them.A. WhereverB. WhateverC. HoweverD. Whenever3. The hours_____ the children spend in their one-way relationship with television people undoubtedly affected their relationship with real-life people.A. in whichB. on whichC. whenD. that/exam/yy_2804.asp4. Without proper lessons, you could _______ a lot of bad habits when playing the piano.A. keep upB. pick upC. draw upD. catch up/exam/yy_2804.asp5. If this kind of fish becomes ______, future generations may never taste it at all.A. minimumB. shortC. seldomD. scarce/exam/yy_2805.asp6. The bank is reported in the local newspaper _____ in broad daylight yesterday.A. being robbedB. having been robbedC. to have been robbedD. robbed7. ______ the temperature falling so rapidly, we couldn’t go on with the experiment.A. SinceB. ForC. AsD. With/exam/yy_2805.asp8. According to the American federal government, residents of Hawaii have the longest life _____:77.2 years.A. scopeB. rankC. spanD. scale9. We hadn’t met for 20 years, but I recognized her ____ I saw her.A. for the momentB. the moment whenC. at the moment whenD. the moment10.Though he was born and brought up in America, he can speak ______ Chinese.A. smoothB. fluentC. fluidD. flowing11. There is no _____ to the house from the main road.A. accessB. avenueC. exposureD. edge12. The ______ stuck on the envelope says “By Air”.A. diagramB. labelC. signalD. mark13. Reading _____ the lines, I would say that the Government are more worried than they will admit.A. behindB. betweenC. alongD. among14. Things might have been much worse if the mother _____ on her right to keep the baby.A. has been insistingB. had insistedC. would insistD. insisted/exam/yy_2807.asp15. Contrast may make something appear more beautiful than it is when ______ alone.A. seenB. is seenC. to be seenD. having been seen16. The football game comes to you ______ from New Y ork.A. livelyB. aliveC. liveD. livinglive是现场直播的意思。
自学考试英语二历年试题及答案整理（2011.4,2011.7,2012.1）
⾃学考试英语⼆历年试题及答案整理（2011.4,2011.7,2012.1）2011年4⽉⾼等教育⾃学考试全国统⼀命题考试英语（⼆）试卷（课程代码00015）ⅠVocabulary and Structure(10points 1 point each)从下列各句四个选项中选出⼀个最佳答案，并在答题纸上将相应的字母涂⿊。
1.Y ou may use bike________ you give it back to me tomorrow morning.A. unlessB. providedC. thoughD. because2.He could not ________his tears on hearing that he was not admitted to the universityA. hold upB. hold backC. get overD. get through3.Good parents have the ability to communicate messages of love, trust, and self-worth ______their childrenA. onB. forC. withD. to4.The teacher required that all errors should be _______eliminated before the students turn in their term paper.A. deportedB. eliminatedC. deprivedD. implemented5.A person is lucky if his career ________with his interest and hobby.A. concernsB. competesC. coincidersD. compares6.Out sleep influences our mood. our mood, ________,affects our performance.A. in returnB. in vainC. in shortD. in turn7.It was ________of you not to disturb us while we were sleeping.A. considerateB. consideringC. considerableD. considered8.I'd appreciate it very much if you could make some ________on my recent article at the conference.A. requestsB. referencesC. remarksD. restrictions9.He is ______absorbed in his own thoughts that he seems unaware of what's going on in the room.A. soB. eachC. veryD. much10.No sooner (选C)had I reached home than Michael arrived with Jane in his car.A. did I reachB.I had reachedC. had I reachedD.I reachedⅡ.Cloze Test(10point,1 point each)下列短⽂中有⼗个空⽩，每个空⽩有四个选项，根据上下⽂要求选出最佳答案。
英语二自学考试历年真题及答案(2011-2014)
2011年7月高等教育自学考试全国统一命题考试英语（二）试卷及答案（课程代码：00015）I. Vocabulary and. Structure (10 points, 1 point each)从下列各句四个选项中选出一个最佳答案，并在答题卡上将相应的字母涂黑。
1 .Students should_____their own interests as well as do their schoolwork.A. persuade B .pursue C. persist D.proceed2. I'd like to remind you that there is no_____on the part of suspectsto answer questions.A. obligationB.evidenceC.transactionD.motivation3. He blamed his poor performance_____jet lag.A.to B .for C.on D.at4 .We_____knowledge from our families,schools,jobs,and the mass media.A.requestB.requireC.inquireD.acquire5. Not until recently_____that Thompson had ben telling the truth all along.A.I realizedB.did I realizeC.I did realizeD.realized I6. I don’t need any help at the moment,but I_____your offer.A.appreciateB.admireC.enjoyD.like7 .The sad condition of women working as house servants around the world received much media_____early this year.A .importance B. attention C.significance D.popularity8 .She has no hostility to us, _____can be judged from her eyes.A. thatB.andC.henceD.as9 .When you're_____ a crisis, it often helps to talk to someone.A.going throughB.going in forC.going afterD.going over10.Decision on whether the message is right or wrong should at least comeafter _____what the message is.A.putting outB.turning outC.working outD.running outII. Cloze Test (10 points,1 point each)下列短文中有十个空白，每个空白有四个选项。
2011研究生学位英语考试真题及答案解析
2011研究生学位英语考试真题及答案解析全文共3篇示例，供读者参考篇12011年研究生学位英语考试真题Part I Reading Comprehension (60 minutes, 25 points)Section ADirections: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the center. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.The Devastation of the FamineThe Great Famine that struck Ireland between 1845 and 1849 was a humanitarian catastrophe that resulted in the death of nearly a million people and the ____1____ of another two million.A series of potato blights, ____2____ by a fungus calledphytophthora infestans, caused the staple crop upon which a large proportion of the Irish population depended to fail repeatedly. The government, led by Sir Robert Peel initially responded by importing corn in an attempt to ____3____ the Irish population. However, the harsh economic circumstances of the time meant that poverty was widespread. There were impossible tolls to be paid just in order to transport the corn to local markets and the potato blight had spread to the only other crop the Irish could depend upon: oats.Word Bank:A) starvation B) plaguedC) escape D) sufferingE) provided F) deterioratingG) distributed H) deliverI) crumbling J) accompaniedSection BDirections: In this section, you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it. Each statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs. Identify the paragraph from which the information is derived. You maychoose a paragraph more than once. Each paragraph is marked with a letter. Answer the questions by marking the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2.The Lincoln-Douglas DebatesIn 1858 Illinois held a series of seven public debates for a United States Senate seat between the Republican candidate, Abraham Lincoln, and the Democratic candidate, Stephen Douglas. The debates were an integral part of the ______4____ and were intended to gain _____5____ crucial to their respective campaigns. Douglas was a well-known incumbent who had held the seat for two terms and was seeking re-election. Lincoln, a former one-term congressman and unsuccessful opponent of Douglas in the _____6____ election for the same seat, challenged him to a series of debates.Part II Vocabulary and Structure (40 minutes, 10 points)Directions: There are 40 incomplete sentences in this part. For each sentence, there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that best completes the sentence. Then, mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2.1. The poor living conditions of children reflect their ________ status in society.A. relativelyB. immovableC. hazardousD. subordinate2. The corporation has fired a number of employees as part of a restructuring _______.A. bindingB. initiativeC. differentialD. libertyPart III Reading Comprehension (60 minutes, 30 points)A) Directions: There are two passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them, there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that best completes the statement and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2.Passage OneQuestions:7. What was the main focus of the Great Famine in Ireland?A. Social unrestB. Economic collapseC. Agricultural disasterD. Political corruption8. What caused the potato crops to fail repeatedly during the Great Famine?A. Pesticide overuseB. Harsh economic circumstancesC. Phytophthora infestansD. Sir Robert Peel's policiesPassage TwoQuestions:9. Who were the two candidates in the 1858 Illinois Senate debates?A. Abraham Lincoln and Stephen DouglasB. Stephen Douglas and John F. KennedyC. Abraham Lincoln and Barack ObamaD. Henry Clay and Abraham Lincoln10. What was the role of the debates in the political campaigns of Lincoln and Douglas?A. To divide the votersB. To engage in intellectual discussionsC. To gain support from the publicD. To seek endorsements from prominent figuresPart IV Translation (30 minutes, 15 points)Directions: Translate the following passage from English into Chinese. Write your translation on Answer Sheet 2.The Theory of Evolution is one of the most revolutionary scientific theories in the history of biology. Introduced by Charles Darwin in his seminal work "On the Origin of Species," the theory proposes that all species of life have descended over time from common ancestors through the process of natural selection. The theory has had profound implications for our understanding of the natural world and has revolutionized the field of biology.2011年研究生学位英语考试答案解析Part I Reading ComprehensionSection A1. A) starvation2. B) plagued3. E) provided4. D) suffering5. H) deliver6. F) deteriorating7. C) Agricultural disaster8. C) Phytophthora infestansSection B4. B5. C6. A篇22011研究生学位英语考试真题及答案解析The Graduate School English Test (GRE) is an important examination that many students have to take in order to pursue advanced degrees in various fields. In 2011, the GRE exam had a specific format and set of questions that challenged the test takers' language skills and comprehension abilities. In this article, we will provide an overview of the 2011 GRE exam, as well as offer detailed explanations for the answers to some of the questions.The 2011 GRE exam consisted of three main sections: Verbal Reasoning, Quantitative Reasoning, and Analytical Writing. The Verbal Reasoning section focused on assessing the test takers' ability to understand and analyze written passages, while the Quantitative Reasoning section tested their math skills. The Analytical Writing section required students to write two essays based on provided prompts.One of the questions from the Verbal Reasoning section in the 2011 GRE exam presented a passage about the importance of biodiversity in maintaining ecological balance. The question asked test takers to identify the main idea of the passage and choose the best possible answer. The correct answer was "B" which stated that biodiversity is crucial for the health of ecosystems.In the Quantitative Reasoning section, students encountered questions that tested their ability to solve math problems and apply mathematical concepts. One question in this section asked test takers to calculate the percentage of a certain number in relation to another number. The correct answer was determined by dividing the first number by the second number and multiplying the result by 100.In the Analytical Writing section, students had to write two essays that demonstrated their ability to think critically and express their ideas clearly. One of the prompts asked students to discuss the pros and cons of social media in society. Test takers were required to provide examples and evidence to support their arguments and present a well-structured essay.In conclusion, the 2011 GRE exam was a challenging test that assessed students' language skills, math abilities, and criticalthinking skills. By preparing thoroughly and familiarizing themselves with the format of the exam, test takers were able to perform well and achieve high scores. Studying past GRE exams and practicing with sample questions can help students improve their test-taking abilities and increase their chances of success in the exam.篇32011研究生学位英语考试真题及答案解析Introduction:The Graduate Record Examination (GRE) is a standardized test that is required for admission to most graduate schools in the United States. It measures verbal reasoning, quantitative reasoning, critical thinking, and analytical writing skills that have been acquired over a long period of time and that are not related to any specific field of study. In this document, we will take a look at the 2011 GRE exam, including sample questions and answer explanations to help you better prepare for the test.Verbal Reasoning Section:1. Sentence Equivalence:- Sample question: The author's writing style was so ________ that it was difficult to follow his arguments.- Options: A) convoluted B) lucid C) concise D) verbose E) ambiguous F) meticulous- Answer: A) convoluted- Explanation: The correct answer is convoluted because it means intricate or difficult to follow, which is the opposite of lucid (clear) and concise (succinct).2. Text Completion:- Sample question: The politician's speech was filled with empty promises and ________ rhetoric that failed to resonate with the audience.- Options: A) sincere B) insincere C) blunt D) persuasive E) ineffective- Answer: B) insincere- Explanation: The correct answer is insincere because it fits the context of the sentence, which is negative and suggests that the rhetoric was not genuine.Quantitative Reasoning Section:1. Multiple Choice:- Sample question: If a car travels at a speed of 60 miles per hour, how far will it have traveled in 3 hours?- Options: A) 100 miles B) 120 miles C) 140 miles D) 160 miles E) 180 miles- Answer: E) 180 miles- Explanation: The correct answer is E) 180 miles because you can calculate this by multiplying the speed (60 miles per hour) by the time (3 hours).2. Numeric Entry:- Sample question: What is the value of 2(x + 3) when x = 5?- Answer: 16- Explanation: The correct answer is 16 because you substitute x = 5 into the equation to get 2(5 + 3) = 2(8) = 16.Analytical Writing Section:1. Argument Essay:- Sample question: The following appeared in a memo from the director of marketing at Dura-Sock, a small company that makes athletic socks:"Our marketing department recently conducted a survey of consumers in our target market, and we found that over 80% of respondents agreed that Dura-Sock is the most durable and comfortable sock on the market. Therefore, we should increase our advertising budget to capitalize on this positive perception and increase our market share."- Answer: This argument is flawed because it relies onself-reported data from a biased sample of consumers and does not provide any evidence to support the claim that increasing the advertising budget will lead to a significant increase in market share.2. Issue Essay:- Sample question: "It is more important for students to study history and literature than it is for them to study science and mathematics."- Answer: While studying history and literature is important for developing critical thinking and communication skills, studying science and mathematics is crucial for understanding the world around us and solving complex problems. Therefore, both areas of study are equally important for a well-rounded education.Conclusion:In conclusion, the 2011 GRE exam tested students on a range of skills, including verbal reasoning, quantitative reasoning, and analytical writing. By practicing sample questions and reviewing answer explanations, students can better prepare for the test and improve their chances of success. Remember to study consistently and seek help from tutors or study materials to enhance your performance on the exam. Good luck!。
2011年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试英语试题(浙江卷,解析版)
2011年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试英语试题〔浙江卷，解析版〕本试题卷分选择题和非选择题两局部。
全卷共12页，选择题局部1至10页，非选择题局部11至12页。
总分为120分，考试时间120分钟。
请考生按规定用笔将所有试题的答案涂、写在答题纸上。
选择题局部〔共80分〕须知事项：1.答题前，考生务必将自己的姓名、某某号用黑色字迹的签字笔或者钢笔分别填写在试卷和答题纸上的位置。
2.小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题纸上对应题目的答案标号涂黑，如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后在选择其他答案标号，不能答在试卷上。
第一局部：英语知识运用〔共两节，总分为30分〕第一节：单项填空〔共20小题；每一小题0.5分，总分为10分〕从A、B、C和D四个选项，选出可以填入空白处的最优选项，并在答题纸上将该选项标号涂黑.1.—I’m sorry I didn't make it to your party last night .—_ _.I know you're busy these days.A.Of courseB. No kiddingC. That's all rightD. Don't mention it【答案】 C【解析】此题考查交际用语。
句意为：对不起，我昨天没到你的party那去，没关系，我知道你忙。
选C。
2.Experts think that ____recently discovered painting may be _____ PicassoA.the.不填B.a;theC.a;不填D.the;a【答案】D【解析】考查介词。
train for针对工作进展的培训。
6.The school isn't the one I really wanted to go to ,but I suppose I'll just have to_______itA. make the best ofB. get away fromC. keep an eye onD. catch up with 【答案】A【解析】考查动词辨析。
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湖州师范学院2011届学位英语考试试卷二Part I. Reading Comprehension. (40%)Section A: Fast ReadingDirections: In this part, you will be asked to go over the passage quickly and then choose the best answer from the four choices marked A, B, C and D for each question.What to Expect from College LifeCongratulations! Y ou've been accepted into college. Y ou're excited and maybe a little bit nervous. What can you expect? Read on for our advice.Prepare yourself for a new life at collegeEntering college is like starting a new phase of life where you have to learn to support yourself. Y ou will have to adjust to your new surroundings, try to do everything by yourself and learn to stand on your own two feet. As you negotiate the ups and downs of student life, you will learn how to manage the situations that arise.Learn to enjoy the hardshipsWe all know college life is wildly different from middle school. It's the place where teenagers become adults and academia meets society. Ideally, your time at college will help you mature (成熟) physically and mentally, equip you with knowledge and prepare you for your professional career.It's a challenging process, so it's not realistic to expect everything to always work in your favor. Y ou won't win every prize and you won't be popular with all your classmates all the time. The set-backs and challenges –like failure, betrayal and unjust treatment –are just as important for your growth as the good times. Only once you have experienced these things will you know what society and life is like.Communicate with othersCollege is just like a small society, so you have to communicate with your peers to make the most of your time. Social communication is easier to learn than technology. Smile at your classmates, show your concern and speak with them. Then they will be happy to help you in return. T ake on your own responsibilitiesY ou are becoming a fully-functioning adult in society. Don't count on others to make decisions or plans for you. Y ou are your own master. As an active student, you should plan your life and manage your study right from the start of your college life. Face up to your troubles bravely and don't run away.College is a very important time of your life and you should make the most of it. Y ou will learn as much from the real world as you will from textbooks, as much from practice as theory. If you pay attention, you will acquire precious knowledge, goods sense, social experience and determination.1. How would you prepare for a new life at college?A. Learn to support yourself.B. Adjust to new environment.C. Try to be independent.D. All above.2.In college, the set-backs and______ are of equal importance for college students’growth as the good times.A. failureB. betrayalC. challengesD. unjust treatment3. College life may help students’_______ physically and mentally, equip them withknowledge and get ready for their professional career.A. matureB. capableC. ambitiousD. strong4. According to the passage, which of the following is NOT true?A. Entering college is like starting a new phase of life.B. Y ou can win every prize and be popular with all your classmates all the time.C. Social communication is easier to learn than technology.D. Y ou will learn as much from the real world as you will from textbooks.5. To be a fully-functioning adult in society, a college student should not count on others buttake on their own______.A. decisionsB. plansC. responsibilitiesD. futureSection B: Reading in DepthDirections: There are 3 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D).Passage oneAs regards social conventions, we must say a word about the well[/color]-known English class system. This is an embarrassing subject for English people, and one they tend to be ashamed of, though during the present century class-consciousness has grown less and less, and the class system less rigid. But it still exists below the surface. Broadly speak ing, it means there are two classes, the “middle class” and the “working class”. (We shall ignore for a moment the old “upper class”, including the hereditary aristocracy, since it is extremely small in numbers; but some of its members have the right to sit in the House of Lords, and some newspapers take a surprising interest in their private life. The middle class consists chiefly of well-to-do businessmen and professional people of all kinds. The working class consists chiefly of manual and unskilled workers.The most obvious difference between them is in their accent. Middle-class people use slightly varying kinds of “received pronunciation”which is the kind of English spoken by BBC announcers and taught to overseas pupils. Typical working-class people speak in many different local accents which are generally felt to be rather ugly and uneducated. One of the biggest barriers of social equality in England is the two-class education system. To have been to a so-called “public school” immediately marks you out as one of the middle class. The middle classes tend to live a more formal life than working-class people, and are usually more cultured. Their midday meal is “lunch” and they have a rather formal evening meal called “dinner”, whereas the working man’s dinner, if his working hours permit, is at midday, and his smaller, late-evening meal is called supper.As we have said, however, the class system is much less rigid than it was, and for a long time it has been government policy to reduce class distinctions. Working-class students very commonly receive a university education and enter the professions, and working-class incomes have grown so much recently that the distinctions between the two classes are becoming less and less clear.However, regardless of one’s social status, certain standards of politeness are expected of everybody, and a well-bred person is polite to everyone he meets, and treats a labourer with the same respect he gives an important businessman. Servility inspires both embarrassment anddislike. Even the word “sir”, except in school and in certain occupations (e.g. commerce, the army etc.) sounds too servile to be commonly used./CET46/CET4/yuedu/2008-10-06/55957_2.html6. The middle class mainly refers to people.A. who were born as aristocratB. who have the right to sit in the House of LordsC. who speak in many different local accentsD. who are prosperous businessmen or who work in some professions7. The most obvious difference between the working class and the middle class in English is their.A. dressB. workC. accentD. meal8. Why isn’t the word "sir" commonly used in Britain?A. Because it sounds too servile and is likely to cause embarrassment.B. Because it can only be used in some certain occupations.C. Because it is an impolite word.D. Because it shows that the speaker is not a well-bred person.9. The "upper class" in England today.A. are extremely small in number so that media pays no attention to themB. still uses old words like "Sir" in their everyday lifeC. includes the hereditary aristocracyD. refers only to the royal family10. Which of the following is not true about the English class system?A. It is an embarrassing subject for English people.B. Working-class students cannot receive a university education.C. The class system is much less rigid than it was.D. The class system still exists below the surface.Passage twoOne of the most interesting paradoxes in America today is that Harvard University, the oldest institution of higher learning in the United States, is now engaged in a serious debate about what a university should be, and whether it is measuring up.Like the Roman Catholic Church and other ancient institutions, it is asking - still in private rather than in public - whether its past assumptions about faculty, authority, admissions, courses of study, are really relevant to the problems of the 1990’s.Should Harvard or any other university be an intellectual sanctuary, apart from the political and social revolution of the age, or should it be a laboratory for experimentation with these political and social revolutions; or even an engine of the revolution? This is what is being discussed privately in the big clapboard houses of faculty members around the Harvard Y ard. The issue was defined by Waiter Lippmann, a distinguished Harvard graduate, several years ago. “If the universities are to do their work,” he said, “they must be independent and they must be dis interested… They are places to which men can turn for judgements which are unbiased by partisanship and special interest. Obviously, the moment the universities fall under political control, or under the control of private interests, or the moment they themselves take a hand inpolitics and the leadership of government, their value as independent and disinterested sources of judgement is impaired.”This is part of the argument that is going on at Harvard today. Another part is the argument of the militant and even many moderate students: that a university is the keeper of our ideals and morals, and should not be “disinterested” but activist in bringing the nation’s ideals and actions together.Harvard’s men of today seem more troubled and le ss sure about personal, political and academic purpose than they did at the beginning. They are not even clear about how they should debate and resolve their problems, but they are struggling with them privately, and how they come out is bound to influence American university and political life in the 1990’s./vip/article/2009-11-9/58656-3.htm11. The issues in the debate on Harvard’s goals are whether the universities should remain independent of our society and its problems, and whether they should——.A. fight militarismB. overcome the widespread drug dependencyC. take an active part in solving society’s illsD. support our old and established institutions12. In regard to their goals and purposes in life, the author believes that Harvard men are becoming ——.A. more sure about themB. less sure about themC. more hopeful of reaching a satisfactory answerD. completely disillusioned about ever13. The word “paradox” in para graph 1 is ——.A. a parenthetical expressionB. a difficult puzzleC. an abnormal conditionD. a self-contradiction14. The word “sanctuary”in paragraph 3 is——.A. a holy place dedicated to a certain godB. a temple or nunnery of middle ageC. a certain place you can hide in and avoid mishapsD. an academy for intelligent people15. In the author’s judgement, the ferment going on at Harvard——.A. is a sad symbol of our general bewildermentB. will soon be over, because times are bound to changeC. is of interest mostly to Harvard men and their friendsD. will influence future life in AmericaPassage threeConsumers are being confused and misled by the hodge-podge (大杂烩) of environmental claims made by household products, according to a “green labeling” study published by Consumers International Friday .Among the report’s more outrageous (令人无法容忍的) findings，a German fertilizer described itself a s “ earthworm friendly”， a brand of flour said it was “non-polluting” and a British toilet paper claimed to be “environmentally friendlier”The study was written and researched by Britain’s National Consumer Council (NCC) for lobby group Consumer International. It was funded by the German and Dutch governments andthe European Commission.“ While many good and useful claims are being made , it is clear there is a long way to go in ensuring shoppers are adequately informed about the environmental impact of products they buy,” said Consumers International director Anna Fielder .The 10-country study surveyed product packaging in Britain. Western Europe, Scandinavia and the United States. It found that products sold in Germany and the United Kingdom made the most environmental claims on average.The report focused on claims made by specific products , such as detergent (洗涤剂) insect sprays and by some garden products . It did not test the claims, but compared them to labeling guidelines set by the International Standards Organization (ISO) in September, 1999.Researchers documented claims of environmental friendliness made by about 2,000 products and found many too vague or too misleading to meet ISO standards.“Many products had specially-designed labels to make them seem environmentally friendly, but in fact many of these symbols mean nothing,” said report researcher Philip Page.“Laundry detergents made the most number of claims with 158. Household cleaners were second with 145 separate claims, while paints were third on our list with 73. The high numbers show how very confusing it must be for consumers to sort the true from the misleading.” he said.The ISO labeling standards ban vague or misleading claims on product packaging, because terms such as “environmentally friendly” and “non-polluting” cannot be verified. “What we are now pushing for is to have multinational corporations meet the standards set by the ISO.” said Page./html/article/200906/55760_2.shtml16. According to the passage, the NCC found it outrageous that ______A) all the products surveyed claim to meet ISO standardsB) the claims made by products are often unclear or deceivingC) consumers would believe many of the manufactures’ claimD) few products actually prove to be environment friendly17. As indicated in this passage , with so many good claims , the consumers ___A) are becoming more cautious about the products they are going to buyB) are still not willing to pay more for products with green labelingC) are becoming more aware of the effects different products have on the environmentD) still do not know the exact impact of different products on the environment18. A study was carried out by Britain’s NCC to _______A) find out how many claims made by products fail to meet environmental standardsB) inform the consumers of the environmental impact of the products they buyC) examine claims made by products against ISO standardsD) revise the guidelines set by the International Standards Organization19. What is one of the consequences caused by the many claims of household products?A) They are likely to lead to serious environmental problemsB) Consumers find it difficult to tell the true from the falseC) They could arouse widespread anger among consumerD) Consumers will be tempted to buy products they don’t need20. It can be inferred from the passage that the lobby group Consumer International wants to ____.A) make product labeling satisfy ISO requirementsB) see all household products meet environmental standardsC) warn consumers of the danger of so-called green productsD) verify the efforts of non-polluting productsPart II. Choose the best answer. (10%)1.On New Y ear’s Eve, New Y ork City holds an outdoor ______ which attracts a crowd of a million or more people.A. incidentB. eventC. caseD. affair/exam/yy_2804.asp2._______ difficulties we may come across, we’ll help one another to overcome them.A. WhereverB. WhateverC. HoweverD. Whenever3. The hours_____ the children spend in their one-way relationship with television people undoubtedly affected their relationship with real-life people.A. in whichB. on whichC. whenD. that/exam/yy_2804.asp4. Without proper lessons, you could _______ a lot of bad habits when playing the piano.A. keep upB. pick upC. draw upD. catch up/exam/yy_2804.asp5. If this kind of fish becomes ______, future generations may never taste it at all.A. minimumB. shortC. seldomD. scarce/exam/yy_2805.asp6. The bank is reported in the local newspaper _____ in broad daylight yesterday.A. being robbedB. having been robbedC. to have been robbedD. robbed7. ______ the temperature falling so rapidly, we couldn’t go on with the experiment.A. SinceB. ForC. AsD. With/exam/yy_2805.asp8. According to the American federal government, residents of Hawaii have the longest life _____:77.2 years.A. scopeB. rankC. spanD. scale9. We hadn’t met for 20 years, but I recognized her ____ I saw her.A. for the momentB. the moment whenC. at the moment whenD. the moment10.Though he was born and brought up in America, he can speak ______ Chinese.A. smoothB. fluentC. fluidD. flowing11. There is no _____ to the house from the main road.A. accessB. avenueC. exposureD. edge12. The ______ stuck on the envelope says “By Air”.A. diagramB. labelC. signalD. mark13. Reading _____ the lines, I would say that the Government are more worried than they will admit.A. behindB. betweenC. alongD. among14. Things might have been much worse if the mother _____ on her right to keep the baby.A. has been insistingB. had insistedC. would insistD. insisted/exam/yy_2807.asp15. Contrast may make something appear more beautiful than it is when ______ alone.A. seenB. is seenC. to be seenD. having been seen16. The football game comes to you ______ from New Y ork.A. livelyB. aliveC. liveD. livinglive是现场直播的意思。