人教版高中英语必修五 Unit2 The United Kingdom-词汇篇(学生版)

人教版高中英语必修五 Unit2 The United Kingdom-词汇篇（学生版）Unit2 The United Kingdom-词汇篇____________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________1.掌握重点词汇的搭配及用法，能够正确完成基础类型题。

2.掌握重点句型的用法，会模仿句型进行写作和翻译。

◆重点词组：1. keep your eyes open 睁大你的眼睛2. consist of由…组成3. leave out省去不考虑遗漏4. divide into 分成5. prepare to 准备6. compare A with B 与…比7. compare A to B 把A比作B8. asked the boss on the phone 通过电话9. work out 做出；解决；设计出；计算出；锻炼；发展，进行；work on对..起作用；企图影响或说服，忙于work in 在…工作Keys: 1) the team consists of 12 players.2)The beauty of the artist's style consists in its simplicity.2. 区别: Ø separate ... from (把联合在一起或靠近的人或物分离出来）Ø divide...into 把…分开（把整体分为若干部分）e.g. The teacher divided the class into two groups.e.g. The Taiwan Strait separates Taiwan from Fujian.3. debate about sth.e.g. They debate about the proposal for three days. ★ debate/argue/discuss/quarrel辩论,争论【解析】debate就已经确定或统一的问题,各述己见,公开,正式的争论.含交锋的意思；argue指提出理由或事实，试图在争辩中说服对方，或促使他人拥护自己倡导的理由或观点；discuss指一般讨论,谈论；quarrel常指因琐事而感到气愤,进行争吵【练习】选择debate/argue/discuss/quarrel或puzzle并用其适当的形式填空1）The couple are always __________quarreling about the past.2）Have you _________ the problem with anyone? 3）I _________ with her all day about the situation. Keys: 1）quarreling 2）discussed 3）argued 4. clarify: vt./vi. (cause sth. to )become clear or easier to understand 澄清；阐明;清楚；明了e.g. I hope what I say will clarify the situation.e.g. Can you clarify the question?5. be linked to = be connected to /be joined to 连接【习惯用语】★ link A to B 将A和B连接起来6. refer to1)提及，指的是……e.g. When he said “some students”, do you think he was referring to us?2) 参考；查阅；询问e.g. If you don't understand a word you may refer to your dictionaries.e.g. Please refer to the last page of the book for answers.3) 关系到；关乎e.g. What I have to say refers to all of you.e.g. This rule refers to everyone.★ reference: n. 参考e.g. reference books 参考书7. to one's surprise (prep)“to one’s +名词” 表“令某人……”，常见的名词有“delight, disappointment, enjoyment, astonishment 等。

e.g. I discovered, to my horror, that the goods were entirely unfit for sale.To John's great relief they reached the house at last.8. ... found themselves united peacefully“find +宾语＋宾补( adj; adv; v-ing; pp; 介词短语；不定式）”e.g. A cook will be immediately fired if he is found smoking in the kitchen.e.g. You’ll find him easy to get along with.e.g. They found themselves trapped by the bush fire.e.g. When I woke up, I found myself in hospital.e.g. I called on him yesterday, but I found him out.9. leave out省去,遗漏[典例] 1) You have left out the most important word in this sentence.你在这一句中遗漏了最重要的一个单词。

2) Don't leave me out when you invite people to your party.当你邀请人们去参加晚会时，别把我漏掉了。

[重点用法] leave for 动身到(某处) leave alone不管;撇下…一个人leave aside搁置leave behind 遗忘;遗留[练习] 请填人适当的介词或副词：1) They were left ______ in the wilderness.2) He was asked to make up the information left______ by the leader.Keys: 1) alone 2) out10. break down损坏，跨，压倒，分解[典例]1) The bridge broke down. 桥塌了。

2) The engine broke down. 发动机坏了。

3) He has broken down from overwork. 他因工作过度而累垮了。

4) Water can be broken down into hydrogen and oxygen. 水可以分解为氢和氧。

5) The plan to build another chemical work has broken down because it will cause serious pollution. 再建一个化工厂的计划失败了，因为这将引起严重的污染。

[词汇激活]break away from摆脱，脱离break in闯入；插话break into闯入；破门而人；打断(谈话)break off中止；折断；打折break out爆发；突然发生break through突破；冲垮break up分解；(使)结束;分开,分离[练习] 请填人适当的介词或副词：1)To understand the grammar of the sentence, you must break it ___________ into pieces.2) The elevator broke _______.3) Fighting broke_______ in the prison cells.4)Fire broke _______during the night.5) On the way to the prison house, the prisoners suddenly broke _______ from the policeman. Keys: 1) down 2) down 3) out 4) out 5) away 11. take the place of代替,取代[典例] 1) In the future, natural gas will take the place of petrol as the major fuel.将来天然气会代替汽油成为主要的能源。

2) I’ll take the place of Mr. Lin next week. =I’ll take Mr. Lin's place next week.下周我将代替林老师。

[重点用法]take place发生；举行take one's place就位；代替某人in place of (= instead of)代替in place在适当的位置out of place不得其所，不适当地in the first place首先from place to place到处；各处[练习] 选择以上短语填空1) A sudden accident _______ in the street last evening.2)She likes everything _______ before she starts to work. She hates a mess.Keys: 1)took place 2)in place12. influence1) v. 对…产生影响e.g. What influence you to choose a career in teaching?2)可数n. 产生影响的人或事e.g. He is one of the good influences in the school.3) (不可数n.) 影响e.g. A teacher has great influence over his pupils.13. There is no need to debate any more about whydifferent words are used to describe the four countries. 没有必要去争论为什么要用不同的词去描述这四个国家。