现在分词用法讲解
分词的用法总结
分词的用法总结分词是文法中的一种形态变化形式,它将动词原形依照词法规则的要求进行合理而灵活地变化,以适应句子结构和意义的需要。
分词作为英语语法中的一个重要概念,具有多种用法和功能。
本文旨在对分词的用法进行总结,以帮助读者更好地理解和运用分词。
一、现在分词现在分词通常由动词原形加-ing构成,具有形容词和副词的性质,可以作定语、表语、宾语补足语和状语等多种用法。
1. 作定语:现在分词作定语修饰名词,表示被修饰名词的特征、状态或功能。
例如:- The running water is very clean.(跑的水很干净。
)- He is a hard-working student.(他是一个勤奋的学生。
)2. 作表语:现在分词作表语,说明主语的特征或状态。
例如:- The weather today is warm.(今天的天气很暖和。
)3. 作宾语补足语:现在分词作宾语补足语,说明宾语的特征、状态或结果。
例如:- I found him lying on the ground.(我发现他躺在地上。
)4. 作状语:现在分词作状语,表示时间、原因、方式、条件等。
例如:- Walking along the street, she suddenly saw her old friend.(她走在街上,突然看到了她的老朋友。
)- Being tired, I went to bed early.(我累了,早早上床睡觉。
)二、过去分词过去分词通常由动词原形加上-ed或-en构成,具有形容词的性质,可以作定语、表语、宾语补足语和状语等多种用法。
1. 作定语:过去分词作定语,修饰名词或代词,表示被修饰词的特征、状态或情况。
例如:- The broken window needs to be repaired.(这个破窗户需要修理。
)- The lost key has been found.(丢失的钥匙已经找到了。
现在分词用法总结
现在分词一、基础知识:现在分词(也叫动名词) :表示主动和进行。
基本形式: doing 否定式: not doing被动式: being done 完成式: having done二、具体用法:1.动名词作主语和宾语:(1)把一个动词变成 -ing 形式可以当做名词来用,表示一种经常性、习惯性的动作,可在句中充当主语和宾语。
eg: Working with you is a pleasure.I like reading in my free time.(2)可以用 it 做形式主语或形式宾语放在前面,再用动名词做真正的主语或宾语放在后面,这种用法常用于以下句式:① It is/was no use/good doing sth. 做某事是没用的/没有好处的。
eg:It’s no use begging for his mercy.It’s no good smoking too much.② It is/was a waster of time doing sth. 做某事是浪费时间的。
eg: It is a waste of time copying others ’homewor k.③ It is/was worth doing sth. 做某事是值得的。
eg: It was worth making the effort.④ There is/was no sense in doing sth. 做某事是没有道理的/意义的。
eg: There is no sense in arguing with your wife.⑤ There is/was no point (in) doing sth. 做某事是没用的/无意义的。
eg: There is no point in getting angry.⑥ There is no shame in doing sth. 做某事是不丢脸的。
eg: There is no shame in saying sorry to your friends.⑦ There is no tellin g … 无法预言会…eg: There is no telling what will happen.※注意:动名词作主语时,其前可用名词所有格和形容词性物主代词修饰,即one’s doing sth.作主语。
英语语法:现在分词用法说明
英语语法:现在分词用法说明现在分词用法说明一、现在分词一般式的用法现在分词的一般式所表示的动作与主语动作同时发生:When we arrived, we found him sleeping. 我们到达时发现他在睡觉。
Living in the suburbs, we have few visitors. 因为住在郊外,我们没什么访客。
【注】有时现在分词所表示的动作也可略早于或迟于谓语动作,但两者之间没有时间间隔:Seeing nobody at home, he decided to leave a note. 发现没人在家,他决定留个字条。
He went home, finding the door locked. 他回到家,发现门是锁着的。
当现在分词所表示的动作略迟于谓语动作时,现在分词通常位于句末。
二、现在分词被动式的用法当要表示一个被动动作时,现在分词就用被动形式。
现在分词的一般式和完成式均有被动式形式:(1) 现在分词一般式的被动式。
主要表示现在正在实行的动作,也可表示与谓语动作同时发生的动作:Who is the woman being operated on? 正在动手术的女人是谁?I saw him being taken away by the police. 我看见他被警察带走。
【注】有时现在分词一般式的被动式所表示的动作也可发生在谓语动作之前(此时的现在分词通常用于表示原因,且多为状态动词):Not having a car, he finds it difficult to get around.因为没车,她感到行动很困难。
(2) 现在分词完成式的被动式。
主要表示发生在谓语动词之前且已经完成的动作:The subject having been opened,he had to go on with it. 话题已经开始了,他不得不谈下去。
Having been written in haste, the book has many mistakes. 这书因写得仓促,所以错误很多。
分词的用法和形式
分词的用法和形式分词是英语语法中一种非常重要的形态学形式,它可以作为动词的非谓语形式,用于构建复杂的句子结构和表达更多意义。
分词在句子中可以充当动词、形容词或副词的角色,从而丰富语言表达的方式。
本文将探讨分词的用法和形式,以帮助读者更好地理解和运用分词。
一、分词的基本形式分词一般有两种基本形式:现在分词(-ing形式)和过去分词(-ed形式)。
现在分词通常用于进行时态或作为形容词,而过去分词则多用于完成时态或作为形容词。
下面将分别介绍这两种形式的具体应用。
1. 现在现在分词一般以动词的原形加上-ing构成,例如:sing(唱歌)→singing(正在唱歌)。
现在分词的用法如下:(1)作为动词的进行时态示例:She is singing a song.(她正在唱歌。
)(2)作为形容词修饰名词示例:The running water is so refreshing.(流动的水非常清凉。
)(3)作为副词修饰动词示例:He smiled, encouragingly.(他鼓励地微笑着。
)2. 过去过去分词通常以动词的原形加上-ed、-d、-t或-en构成,例如:watch(观看)→watched(观看过)。
过去分词的用法如下:(1)作为动词的完成时态示例:He has finished his homework.(他已经完成作业。
)(2)作为形容词修饰名词示例:I read an interesting book.(我读了一本有趣的书。
)(3)作为被动语态中的非谓语动词示例:The car was repaired by a mechanic.(汽车被修理工修理了。
)二、分词的进一步应用除了基本形式的用法外,分词还有一些其他的应用。
下面将介绍分词的进一步应用,以帮助读者更好地理解和运用分词。
1. 分词作为主语分词可以作为句子的主语,通常用现在分词形式。
例如:Reading is my hobby.(阅读是我的爱好。
现在分词的用法详解
现在分词的用法详解一、现在分词的基本概念现在分词是动词的一种非谓语形式,用来表示正在进行或同时发生的动作。
它以-ing结尾,可以在句子中充当主语、定语、状语和表语等,具有一定的时态特征。
二、作主语现在分词作主语时,常用来表示习惯性、经常性的动作或行为。
例1:Running is good for your health.(跑步对身体有益)例2:Swimming is my favorite sport.(游泳是我最喜欢的运动)三、作定语现在分词可以修饰名词或代词,起到形容词作用。
它通常位于被修饰名词之前。
例3:The crying baby woke up the whole neighborhood.(哭闹的婴儿吵醒了整个社区)例4:She handed me a written report.(她递给我一份书面报告)四、作状语现在分词作状语时,可以说明动作发生的时间、原因、方式等。
4.1 表示时间:例5:While waiting for the bus, he read a book.(他边等车边读书)例6:Listening to music, I fell asleep quickly.(听音乐时,我很快入睡了)4.2 表示原因:例7:Being tired, she decided to take a break.(她觉得累了,决定休息一会儿)例8:Not having enough money, he couldn't afford the new phone.(因为没有足够的钱,他买不起新手机)4.3 表示方式:例9:He won the race by running fast.(他通过跑得快赢得了比赛)例10:She improved her English by studying hard.(她通过努力学习改善了自己的英语)五、作表语现在分词可以充当表语,与系动词连用,说明主语的状态或特征。
(完整版)现在分词的用法
He chanced taking part in that race.Cannot help to do表示不能帮忙做某事;Cannot help doing表示情不自禁,不由得做某事如:I cannot help to do homework for you.I cannot help laughing.4.作介词宾语除了我们已经谈到的“疑问词+不定式”可以作介词宾语外。
通常情况下,只能用-ing分词作介词的宾语。
但个别表示“除了。
之外”的介词如“except, but, than”通常接不定式。
如:I can do nothing except/but wait.后面跟-ing分词作介词宾语的短语结构主要有:A)“动词+介词+动名词”I am used to sleeping on the floor.(习惯于。
)I am looking forward to meeting you.The rain stopped us from working.She objected to marrying him(反对)B)“形容词+介词+-ing分词”I am interested in playing basketball.Tom is responsible for breaking the glass.C)"名词+介词+动名词"There are many ways to do it/of doing it.He didn't go out for fear of raining.-ing分词的惯用搭配有:A)主语+have+fun/pleasure/a good time/trouble/difficulty+(in) doing sth如:We had a lot of fun (in) playing basketball.I have trouble/difficulty(in) understanding him.B)“There is+difficulty/trouble/pleasure+(in) doing sth”如:There is difficulty in passing the exam.There is trouble in learning a foreigh language.C)“be busy+(in) doing sth”I am busy in doing my homework.D) “What about/How about +-ing分词”(征求意见句型。
现在分词的用法举例说明
现在分词的用法举例说明一、基础概念现在分词是英语中的一种非谓语动词形式,它由动词的原形加上-ing构成。
在句子中,现在分词可以作为主语、宾语、定语、状语等,并且能够表示与主句同步发生或者先于主句发生的动作。
下面将详细介绍现在分词的几种常见用法以及相应的举例。
二、现在分词作主语1. 用于表示一种习惯性或重复性的动作- Swimming is good exercise.(游泳是良好的运动。
)- Reading helps to improve vocabulary.(阅读有助于提高词汇量。
)2. 用于强调被动- Being ignored by others hurts her feelings.(被他人忽视伤了她的感情。
)- Seeing her name on the list surprised him.(看到她名字在名单上让他吃惊。
)3. 用于表达感叹- Amazing the crowd with his performance, he received a standing ovation.(他以他表演震撼了观众,赢得了起立鼓掌。
)- Shocking the world with its innovation, this product became an instant success.(这个产品通过其创新震惊了整个世界,取得了即时的成功。
)三、现在分词作宾语补足语1. 表示正在进行的动作或状态- I enjoy swimming in the ocean.(我喜欢在海里游泳。
)- She kept talking, ignoring my advice.(她不停地说话,无视我的建议。
)2. 表示过去的动作比较长,即主句中的谓语动词发生在分词之后- They left the party, laughing and joking.(他们离开这个聚会时忍不住大笑起来。
)- The children entered the room, holding hands and singing songs.(孩子们手牵手唱着歌走进房间。
分词的四种形式及用法
分词的四种形式及用法分词是动词的一种形式,可以用作动词、形容词、副词或短语的一部分。
常见的分词有以下四种形式和用法:1. 现在分词(-ing分词):- 用作动词:现在分词可以和be动词连用,构成进行时态。
例如:She is going to school.(她正在去学校的路上)- 用作形容词:现在分词可以修饰名词,表示正在进行的动作或状态。
例如:The running water is refreshing.(流动的水很清凉)2. 过去分词(-ed分词):- 用作动词:过去分词可以和助动词或情态动词连用,构成完成时态或被动语态。
例如:He has eaten lunch.(他吃过午饭了)- 用作形容词:过去分词可以修饰名词,表示被动或完成的动作。
例如:The broken glass needs to be cleaned up.(需要清理的破碎玻璃)- 用作副词:过去分词可以修饰动词,表示原因或伴随状态。
例如:She watched him, amazed.(她惊讶地看着他)3. 不定式(to分词):- 用作动词:不定式作为动词的分词形式,可以表示将要发生的动作。
例如:They are going to leave soon.(他们快要离开了)- 用作形容词:不定式可以修饰名词,表示目的或用途。
例如:She needs a book to read.(她需要一本书来阅读)-用作副词:不定式可以修饰动词,表示目的或结果。
4.分词短语:- 用作动词:分词短语作为动词的一部分,可以表示时间、原因、条件等。
例如:Hearing the news, she cried.(听到消息,她哭了)- 用作形容词:分词短语可以修饰名词,表示状态或特征。
例如:The students studying in the library are quiet.(在图书馆学习的学生都很安静)-用作副词:分词短语可以修饰动词,表示方式或条件。
现在分词的用法详解
欢迎阅读现在分词的用法详解现在分词(Present Participle)(又称-ing形式、现在进行式) ,是分词的一种,分词又分为现在分词和过去分词,它们都是非限定动词,即在句子里面不能单独充当谓语,但能充当其它的一些成分(定语,表语,补语和状语),并且它们具有动词的性质,所以又是类动词的一种。
一.构成形式doing (特殊的略)现在分词表示主动的或进行的动作二.时态与语态一般式doing 一般被动式being done 完成式having done 完成被动式having been done所有否定式都是在-ing前面加not 包括独立主格形式三.可作成分定语状语补语表语1.作定语单个分词作定语时放在所修饰名词前分词短语作定语时放在后并且名词与现在分词之间存有逻辑上的主谓关系这是区分现在分词作定语和动名词作定语的判断方法之一e.g. a running boythe girl standing there并且一般都可以转化为一个进行时的定语从句e.g. a boy who is runninga girl who is standing there注意1:分词的完成时不可作定语注意2:在message letter sign news notice等词后要用现在分词作定语不用过去分词这是考试的易错点注意3:某些现在分词作定语时已不再表示动作已经从分词变为了形容词词性eg. an interesting story an exciting match 这些也可以属于现在分词作定语但是不能转化为相应的定语从句但是可以有三级变化(原级比较级最高级)和被某些副词如very修饰我们一般不说:The girl having won the race is my deskmate.而常这样说:The girl who has won the race is my deskmate.done用作后置定语,表示被动,同时表示过去的时间, 这种结构中一般都用及物动词。
现在分词用法
现在分词用法现在分词是英语中一种常用的非谓语动词形式,它不仅可以表示动作的进行,还可以表示时间、原因、条件和方式等。
本文将介绍现在分词的基本用法和常见用法,并举例说明。
基本用法现在分词的基本形式是动词的-ing形式,其构成方式有以下几种:1. 一般动词 + -ing:例如:doing, eating, running。
2. 以不发音的-e结尾的动词,去掉-e + -ing:例如:write → writing, take → taking。
3. 重读闭音节结尾的单词,双写最后一个辅音字母 + -ing:例如:run → running, swim → swimming。
现在分词的使用方式也多种多样,下面将分别介绍。
表示进行中的动作现在分词可以表示当前正在进行的动作。
它通常与be动词连用,构成进行时态。
例如:- She is reading a book.(她正在读一本书。
)- They are playing basketball.(他们正在打篮球。
)表示时间现在分词可以表示主语动作发生的时间与谓语动作同时或在谓语动作之前。
例如:- Standing by the window, he watched the sunset.(他站在窗边,看着太阳落山。
)- Rushing to catch the bus, she dropped her phone.(她匆忙地赶公交车时,手机掉了。
)表示原因现在分词可以表示原因或理由。
常与for, because, since等词连用。
例如:- He couldn't sleep, worrying about the exam.(他无法入睡,担心考试。
)- Since it was raining, they decided to stay home.(因为下雨了,他们决定呆在家里。
)表示条件现在分词可以表示条件或假设。
常与if, unless, provided等引导的句子连用。
现在分词的用法
现在分词的用法1. 用作主语现在分词可以作为句子的主语,表示动作或状态。
这时,现在分词的形式通常为动词的现在分词形式加上ing。
例如:- Swimming is her favorite sport.(游泳是她最喜欢的运动。
)- Studying hard is important for academic success.(努力研究对于学术成功很重要。
)2. 用作定语现在分词可以用来修饰名词或代词,相当于一个形容词。
这时,现在分词的形式通常为动词的现在分词形式加上ing。
例如:- The running water sounded refreshing.(流动的水听起来很清新。
)- The crying baby needs attention.(哭泣的婴儿需要关注。
)3. 用作状语现在分词可以用来修饰动词、形容词或副词,表示附加的行为或状态。
现在分词作状语时,通常表示主动、进行或结果。
例如:- He left the room, slamming the door behind him.(他离开房间时,砰地关上了门。
)- The children played happily, laughing and shouting.(孩子们玩得很开心,笑着和喊着。
)4. 用作介词宾语现在分词可以作为介词的宾语,表示同一时间的行为。
在这种情况下,现在分词的形式通常为动词的现在分词形式加上ing。
例如:- She sat on the bench, reading a book.(她坐在长椅上读书。
)- They walked in the park, enjoying the sunshine.(他们在公园里散步,享受阳光。
)综上所述,现在分词在英语中具有多种用法。
通过灵活运用这些用法,能够丰富语言表达,使句子更加生动有力。
> 注意:以上内容是为了示范现在分词的用法,实际使用时需要根据具体语境和语法规则进行判断。
现在分词的用法
现在分词的用法现在分词是一种非限定性动词形式,它由动词的基本形式加上 -ing 构成。
现在分词具有多种用法,这里将对其中一些重要的用法进行介绍。
1. 当作形容词使用现在分词可以作为形容词使用,形容词的主要作用是描述名词或代词的属性、性质等。
由于现在分词本身有动态的意味,所以它作为形容词使用时通常与被修饰的名词或代词之间具有主动关系。
例如:- a burning candle(燃烧的蜡烛)- an interesting book(有趣的书)- the running dog(奔跑的狗)2. 表示进行中的动作或状态现在分词还可以表示正在进行中的动作或状态。
当现在分词被用作谓语时,它可以表示动作或状态的持续性和继续性。
例如:- He is reading a book.(他正在看书。
)- The children are playing in the park.(孩子们正在公园里玩。
)- They are discussing the problem.(他们正在讨论这个问题。
)3. 作为动词的宾语补足语现在分词也可以作为动词的宾语补足语,用于表示被动意义或完成意义,同时也可以表示动作的结果或状态。
例如:- I heard her singing in the room.(我听见她在房间里唱歌。
)- She felt her heart beating faster.(她感觉到心跳加快。
)- I found the door locked.(我发现门是锁着的。
)4. 作为独立主格所构成的复合句现在分词还可以作为独立主格所构成的复合句。
这种结构表达的是两个动作同时发生,并且第一个动作是第二个动作的原因或条件。
例如:- The boy sat down, crying.(男孩一边哭,一边坐下。
)- She left the room, slamming the door.(她一边砰地关上门,一边离开了房间。
现在分词的用法
现在分词的⽤法作定语;作表语;现在分词在句中作宾语补⾜语,这时现在分词和前⾯的宾语有逻辑上的“主表”关系或“主谓”关系;作状语,现在分词作状语,其逻辑主语⼀般是句中的主语;现在分词的完成式表⽰它发⽣在主句谓语动词表⽰的动作之前;现在分词的被动式;现在分词的否定形式是由not加现在分词构成。
现在分词的⽤法现在分词的七种⽤法:(⼀)作定语1、动词现在分词单独作定语,通常放在所修饰词前。
例如:The sleeping boy is Tom.2、现在分词短语作定语放在所修饰词的后⾯,意思同定语从句差不多。
例如:Tell the children playing outside not to make too much noise. = Tell the children who are playing outside not to make too much noise.3、现在分词可相当于⾮限制性定语,常⽤逗号分开。
例如:Tom, wearing beautiful clothes, followed me down the hill. = Tom, who is wearing beautiful clothes, followed me down the hill.4、有时现在分词可以和副词或名词构成复合词作定语。
例如:This is an English-speaking country.(⼆)作表语现在分词作表语多表⽰主语的特征。
如amusing, discouraging, puzzling, refreshing, astonishing, exciting 等。
例如:The story is moving.(三)现在分词在句中作宾语补⾜语,这时现在分词和前⾯的宾语有逻辑上的“主表”关系或“主谓”关系。
例如:We all found his equipment interesting. (主表关系)I saw Mary going upstairs then. (主谓关系)(四)作状语现在分词作状语,其逻辑主语⼀般是句中的主语,如果不是,需在V-ing 形式前加名词或代词主格作逻辑主语。
现在分词的用法详解
现在分词的用法详解现在分词(Present Participle)(又称-ing形式、现在进行式) ,是分词的一种,分词又分为现在分词和过去分词,它们都是非限定动词,即在句子里面不能单独充当谓语,但能充当其它的一些成分(定语,表语,补语和状语),并且它们具有动词的性质,所以又是类动词的一种。
一.构成形式doing (特殊的略)现在分词表示主动的或进行的动作二.时态与语态一般式doing 一般被动式being done 完成式having done 完成被动式having been done所有否定式都是在-ing前面加not 包括独立主格形式三.可作成分定语状语补语表语1.作定语单个分词作定语时放在所修饰名词前分词短语作定语时放在后并且名词与现在分词之间存有逻辑上的主谓关系这是区分现在分词作定语和动名词作定语的判断方法之一e.g. a running boythe girl standing there并且一般都可以转化为一个进行时的定语从句e.g. a boy who is runninga girl who is standing there注意1:分词的完成时不可作定语注意2:在message letter sign news notice等词后要用现在分词作定语不用过去分词这是考试的xx点注意3:某些现在分词作定语时已不再表示动作已经从分词变为了形容词词性eg. an interesting story an exciting match 这些也可以属于现在分词作定语但是不能转化为相应的定语从句但是可以有三级变化(原级比较级最高级)和被某些副词如very修饰2.作补语高中阶段只研究分词作宾补的情况不研究作主补的情况只有两类动词可以加现在分词作宾补1)感官动词:see hear watch feel notice observe keep find listen to look at 2)使役动词:have get catch leave set值得注意的是:要想用现在分词来作宾补只能是用于这些词后但是并不代表这些动词后的宾补形式都要用现在分词(有些后面可以加不带to的不定式作宾补)eg.I saw him singing now.Don't have the students studying all day.注意:宾语与作宾补的现在分词之间存在逻辑上的主谓关系即宾语是现在分词动作的发出者至于现在分词作主语补足语的情况只须知道上述动词的被动语态形式中的现在分词作的是主补即可无须深入3.作表语现在分词作表语的情况只适用于上述的现在分词做定语部分中的注意3 有三级变化可被副词修饰e.g.The story is interesting.The match is exciting.注意:表动作的现在分词不能作表语例如上面例子的变形A boy is running.这不是主系表而是主谓(其中助动词is与现在分词running和起来作谓语)关于句子成分的语法内容有时间再为大家补充4.作状语作时间条件原因让步状语事要位于句首且与后面用逗号隔开能转换为一个相应的状语从句作结果方式伴随状语时要位于句尾且与前面用逗号隔开有时也可以不用注意分词作状语时的逻辑主语(即分词动作的发出者)一般要与句中主语保持一致.〔这个是重点是考试和高考的常考点大家必须记住〕个人经验状语从句是万能的而分词作状语具有局限性当分词不能表示的时候可以用从句来做1)作时间状语eg. Walking in the street, I saw him.当我在街上走时,我看到他了.可以转化为一个时间状语从句When/While I was walking in the street, I saw him.当我要表达正在进行的动作时我们可以在分词前面加上when/while那么上面的例句就可以改写为When/While walking in the street,I saw him.(其实有的时候也可以理解为时间状语从句中的省略但是不是时时成立的)重新注意一下所给出的例子Walking in the street,I saw him.我是翻译成”当我在街上走时,我看到他了.”而不可以翻译为”当他在街上走时,他看到我了.”(这个是因为”分词作状语时其逻辑主语一般要与句中主语保持一致”)但是有的同学问了那我要是想翻译成”当他在街上走时,我看到他了.”那应该怎么做那?可以用状语从句来做啊因为从句是万能的啊When/While he was walking in the street,I saw him.在这里在告诉大家另外的一个方法He walking in the street,I saw him.这是分词的独立主格形式我们以下会介绍在这里不需太理解.2)作条件状语e.g. Working hard,you will succeed.3)作原因状语e.g. Being ill,she stayed at home.注意being是常用来作原因状语的4)作让步状语e.g. Having failed many times,he didn't lost heart.5)作结果状语e.g. His friend died,leaving him a lot of money,6)作方式状语e.g. Please answer the question using another way.7)作伴随状语可以转化为一个并列句e.g. He is standing there,singing.5.作独立成分generally speaking一般来说Judging from/by 由……判断出〔高中阶段只需记这两个〕6.现在分词的独立主格这个语法点大家原来没有接触过所以会感到生疏那么我下面就简单的介绍一下有关于”独立主格”的内容独立主格,又叫独立结构。
现在分词用法总结 最新最全
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现在分词
一、基础知识:
现在分词(也叫动名词):表示主动和进行。
基本形式:doing 否定式:not doing
被动式:being done 完成式:having done
二、具体用法:
1.动名词作主语和宾语:
(1)把一个动词变成-ing形式可以当做名词来用,表示一种经常性、习惯性的动作,可在句中充当主语和宾语。
eg: Working with you is a pleasure.
I like reading in my free time.
(2)可以用it做形式主语或形式宾语放在前面,再用动名词做真正的主语或宾语放在后面,这种用法常用于以下句式:
①It is/was no use/good doing sth. 做某事是没用的/没有好处的。
eg: It’s no use begging for his mercy.
It’s no good smoking too much.
②It is/was a waster of time doing sth. 做某事是浪费时间的。
eg: It is a waste of time copying others’ homework.
③It is/was worth doing sth. 做某事是值得的。
1。
现在分词的用法
现在分词的用法现在分词的用法1. 分词的定义现在分词是由动词+ing构成的。
现在分词具有动词、形容词或副词的特性,可以带自己的宾语或受状语修饰,现在分词和自己的宾语或状语一起构成现在分词短语。
2. 现在分词的语法作用;现在分词在句中可以作主语、表语、定语、补足语和状语。
一.作主语1. 通常被看作是单数不可数名词,所以谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。
Driving fast is very dangerous. Swimming is my favourite sport.Painting is an art. Hearing the bad news made him cry.2. 现在分词作主语时,常常用it作形式主语,而把现在分词放到句末。
It is no good/use talking with him It's no good smoking. You should giveit up. It is no good crying over split milk.It作形式主语,现在分词作真正主语时的常用句型:It +be+ a waste of time doing sth. 做某事是浪费时间 It +be+ fun doing sth. 做某事很有趣 It +be+ no good/no use/useless doing sth. 做某事没有用 It +be+ expensive doing sth. 做某事很昂贵 It +be+ dangerous doing sth. 做某事很危险 It +be+ a pleasure doing sth. 做某事是一件愉快的事 eg. It's no use complaining.It's no good smoking a lot. It's a waste of time doing such a thing.3. There +be+ no sense in doing sth.做某事没有道理 There +be+ no point (in) doing sth.做某事毫无意 There +be+no use in doing sth.做某事没有用 Nothingworse than doing sth.没有比...更糟糕的 eg. There is no point (in) doing so.这么做,毫无意义。
现在分词的用法
现在分词的用法一.作定语现在分词作定语表示它所修饰的名词的动作或状态,与所修饰的名词之间有逻辑上的主谓关系。
1.单个现在分词作定语时,放在所修饰的名词前面The sleeping boy is Tom.China is a developing country.2.现在分词短语作定语时,通常放在所修饰的名词后面,可以转化成定语从句。
The girl sitting beside me is my cousin.=The girl who is sitting beside me is my cousin.二.作状语现在分词作状语表示主语在进行某一动作的同时所进行的另一动作,它对谓语动词起修饰或陪衬作用。
1.作时间状语(可转换成when或while等引导的时间状语从句)Hearing the news,they all jumped with a joy.=When they heard the news, they all jumped with a joy.2.作原因状语(可转化成because ,as 等引导的原因状语从句)Not having done his homework, he stayed at home.=As he has not done his homework, he stayed at home.3.作条件状语(可转化成if ,unless 等条件状语从句)Using your head,you will find a way.=If you use your head,you will find a way.4.作让步状语(可转化成though,even if /even though等引导让步状语从句)Getting up early,he still missed the early bus.=Even if he got up early ,he still missed the early bus.5.作伴随状语(可转化成并列句)He sat in the armchair,reading a newspaper.=He sat in the armchair and read a newspaper. 6.作结果状语(可转化为so that 引导的结果状语从句)The old man died,leaving nothing to his children.=The old man died,so that he left nothing to his children.作业题1._______(arrive) in Qingdao,I lost my way.2.His father died,______(leave) three children.3.The dancer _______(perform) on the stage is called Amy.4.Cars have become a popular means of transport ,bring great convenience to our life.5.You will have chances to improve your speak English in the courses.句子翻译1.I can’t live in fear of the possibility that as the earth’s population grows and we use more and more of our nonrenewable (不可再生的)resources,our children may have to lead poorer lives.2.However,those of us who are parents of children in this age group know that such offers are relatively rare and that many liberal- arts students (文科生) graduate with the belief that the prospective workplace may not have a place for them.3.I have known changes for the better and changes for the worse , but I have never questioned the fact that whether Iike it or not ,change was unavoidable.4.Tales from Animal Hospital will delight all fans of the programme and anyone who was a lively interest in their pet,whether it be a cat、dog or snake!5.They had no connection with the outside world for more than a thousand years,giving them plenty of time to build more than 1000 huge stone figures ,called moat, for which the island is most famous.答案1.arriving 2.leaving 3.performing 4. bring改成bringing 5.speak 改成speaking翻译答案1.我不能总是生活在这种可能性的忧虑中:由于地球人口的不断增长,我们正在消耗掉越来越多的非再生资源,我们的孩子可能不得不过着更加贫困的生活。
现在分词的用法
现在分词的用法现在分词是英语中一种特殊的动词形式,它以-ing结尾,并且可以用作动词、形容词或副词。
在本文中,我们将详细探讨现在分词的用法,从中了解其在句子中的不同作用和用法。
1. 现在分词作为动词的形式现在分词作为动词的形式时,它可以表达主动或正在进行的动作。
它通常与助动词be连用,表示进行时态。
例如:- She is singing in the choir.(她正在合唱团唱歌。
)- The children are playing in the park.(孩子们正在公园里玩耍。
)现在分词也可以与其他助动词连用,表示进行时态的否定形式。
例如:- He wasn't working late last night.(昨晚他并没有加班。
)- They aren't studying for the exam.(他们没有为考试而学习。
)另外,现在分词还可以与助动词have连用,表示完成进行时态。
例如:- I have been studying Chinese for three years.(我已经学习中文三年了。
)- They have been waiting for the bus since morning.(他们从早上开始就一直在等车。
)2. 现在分词作为形容词的形式现在分词作为形容词的形式时,它描述或修饰名词。
它通常用来表示引起感觉或情绪的物体或现象。
例如:- The beautiful sunset painted the sky orange.(美丽的日落使天空变橙。
)- The running water sounded soothing.(流水的声音很宜人。
)现在分词作为形容词还可以表示特征、状态或特定属性。
例如:- The book is very interesting.(这本书非常有趣。
)- The crying baby needs attention.(哭闹的婴儿需要关注。
现在分词与过去分词的用法
现在分词与过去分词的用法分词作为英语语法的一种形式,在句子中起到了重要的作用。
其中,现在分词和过去分词是两种常见的形式,在句子中可用于表示动作或状态的变化。
本文将详细介绍现在分词和过去分词的用法及示例。
一、现在分词的用法1. 现在分词作状语现在分词可用作状语,修饰主句中的动词或整个句子。
它可以表示伴随、原因、结果等关系。
例1:Walking in the park, she enjoyed the beautiful scenery.(伴随关系)例2:Being tired, he decided to take a break.(原因关系)例3:The car crashed into a tree, killing the driver instantly.(结果关系)2. 现在分词作定语现在分词可以形容名词,作为定语修饰名词。
例4:The crying baby woke up the whole neighborhood.(形容词)例5:The running water sounded soothing.(形容词)3. 现在分词与现在分词短语现在分词与现在分词短语可以作主语、宾语、表语、宾补等。
例6:Smiling is contagious.(主语)例7:I saw him playing basketball in the park.(宾语)例8:Her main duty is taking care of the patients.(表语)例9:They kept the fire burning all night.(宾补)二、过去分词的用法1. 过去分词作定语过去分词可以修饰名词,作为定语使用。
例10:The broken window has been fixed.(形容词)例11:I visited the abandoned house yesterday.(形容词)2. 过去分词与过去分词短语过去分词与过去分词短语可以用作被动语态、完成时态、副词等。
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一、现在分词:在句中可以做表语、定语、状语、宾语补足语。
二、现在分词的基本用法1. 作表语:表主语的特征。
如amusing, discouraging, puzzling, refreshing, astonishing。
2. 作定语:(1). 表示主动的、进行的状态:The girl wearing blue skirt is my sister. = The girl who is wearing blue skirt is my sister. (比较:The factory being built now is a big one.)(2). 说明被修饰词的性质和特征:This is an interesting story.(3). 相当于非限制性定语,常用逗号分开:Tom, wearing beautiful clothes, followed me down the hill. = Tom, who is wearing beautiful clothes, followed me down the hill.(4). 与adv. / n. 构成复合词作定语:This is an English-speaking country.3. 作状语:表示主动的、进行的状态,其逻辑主语是句中的主语。
(如果不是,需在v.-ing 形式前加名词或代词作逻辑主语: Time permitting, the football match will be played on Friday.)(1). 原因状语:Not having been invited to the party, she had to stay home.(2). 时间状语:Seeing their teacher coming, the students stopped talking.如果现在分词表示的动作与谓语表示的动作同时发生,常在现在分词前加上when或while:While waiting for the plane, I had a long talk with Simon.(3). 条件状语:Working harder, you'll be No. 1 in your class.(4). 让步状语:Weighing almost two hundred kilograms, the stone was moved by him alone.(5). 结果状语:He died, leaving nothing but debts.(6). 伴随状语:He sat by the desk, begging.注意:The park was full of people, enjoying themselves in the sunshine. 由此可知伴随状语的特点:①主语所做的另一动作或②与谓语动作(状态)同时发生或③对谓语进行补充说明。
(7). 方式状语:Following their teacher, the students entered the room quietly.4. 作宾补:表示主动的、进行的状态,与宾语有逻辑上的“主表”或“主谓”关系:We all found his equipment interesting. (主表关系) / I saw Mary going upstairs then. (主谓关系)三、现在分词的两个基本特点1. 在时间上表示动作正在进行:a developing country, boiling water, rising sun (比较: a developed country, boiled water, risen sun)2. 在语态上表示主动:the ruling class 统治阶级,the exploiting class 剥削阶级(比较:the ruled class 被统治阶级,the exploited class 被剥削阶级)四、独立主格结构(Absolute Phrase)由两部分组成,前一部分是名词或者代词,后一部分是不定式、现在分词、过去分词、形容词、副词、名词或介词短语。
前后两部分具有逻辑主谓关系。
其本身不是句子,在句子中作状语,表时间、原因、条件、伴随、目的等。
A lecture to be given tomorrow, the professor has to stay up late into the night. (原因)Weather permitting, we are going to visit you tomorrow. (条件)He was lying on the grass, his hands crossed under his head. (伴随)An air accident happened to the plane, nobody alive. (结果)The meeting over, they all went home. (时间)Two hundred people died in the accident, many of them children. (结果)The boy goes to the classroom, book in hand. (伴随)Another story to be completed, the writer stayed up almost every night. (目的)1. There was a terrible noise __ the sudden burst of light.A. followedB. followingC. to be followedD. being followed2. The minister expressed his satisfaction with the talks, __ that he had enjoyed his stay here.A. having addedB. to addC. addingD. added3. European football is played in more than 80 countries, __ it the most popular sport in the world.A. makingB. makesC. madeD. to make4. __ from the top of the hill, we can find that the city looks more beautiful.A. SeeingB. SeenC. SawD. To be seeing5. Soon they could see the steam __ from the wet clothes.A. riseB. risingC. risenD. be rising6. The missing boys were last seen __ near the river.A. playingB. to be playingC. playD. to play7. With his lips still __, he couldn't say a word.A. tremblingB. trembleC. to trembleD. to be trembling8. “Mama!” he cried suddenly, tears down his cheeks.A. rollB. rollingC. to rollD. rolled9. Weather , we'll go to the Great wall.A. to permitB. being permitC. permittingD. permitted10. The old farmer came out of the burning house, for help.A. callingB. calledC. to be calledD. call11. I smell something in the kitchen. Can I call you back in a minute?A. burningB. burntC. being burntD. to be burnt12. The brave man died, his young wife nothing but a __ cottage.A. left; breakingB. leaving; brokenC. left; brokenD. to leave; breaking13. __ hard before, Tom is afraid of failing in the exam.A. Having been workedB. Having not workedC. Having never workedD. Never have worked14. __ the exam, the boy was punished by his father.A. No passingB. Having passedC. Having not passingD. Not having passed15. Time __ , I can have done it better.A. permitB. be permittedC. permittingD. to permit16. __, the boy couldn’t enter his house.A. Since the key has lostB. The key been lostC. Lost the keyD. Having lost the key17. __ into many languages, the story is well known all over the world now.A. Being translatedB. Having translatedC. To be translatedD. Having been translated18. __ for the terrible accident, the mayor felt nervous and was at a loss what to do.A. Having blamedB. To blameC. Being to be blamedD. Being to blame19.__ from heart trouble for years, Mr Li has to take some medicine with him wherever he goes.A. SufferedB. To sufferC. Having sufferedD. Being suffered20. __ from what he said, he must be the thief who has stolen the car.A. JudgingB. JudgedC. To judgeD. Judge1-5BCAAB 6-10AABCA 11-15ABCDC 16-20DDDCA。