paraphrase excercise现代大学英语第3册
现代大学英语精读3第二版Unit4_Book3
a life by choice, out of principle → natural, healthy, independent
a life as slaves of their possessions → artificial, anxious, loss of virtue
Text Analysis
Diogenes and Alexander
Unit 4
Character Analysis
Structure
Detailed Analysis
Text Analysis
Text Analysis
Character Analysis
Other people: half-men
Diogenes: the beggar (paras. 1-3)
Warming up
Paraphrase:
1.
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Live without conventions, which are artificial and false; escape complexities and extravagances: only so can you live a free life. (para. 4) His life’s aim was clear to him: it was “to restamp the currency”: to take the clean metal of human life, to erase the old false conventional markings, and to imprint it with its true values. (para. 5)
2. Writing: comparison and contrast • Diogenes—Alexander • Diogenes—other beggars/hermits/philosophers • Alexander—other Macedonians (officers & officials) Here, the alternating comparison/contrast (subject by subject) is used.
现代大学英语精读3的Paraphrase
大学英语精读3的Paraphrase㈡ 1. Y et, there was always in me…… somewhere else.P However, I always felt that I should pay a visit to some other places.2. I wandered the world through books.P I learned many aspects of the world by reading books.3.One poem committed to memory……in my mind.P I still remember one poem I learned in grade school.4.Perhaps only a truly discontented child……as I was.P Perhaps only a child who is truly dissatisfied with the reality can be attracted by books as I was.5.Perhaps restlessness is a necessary corollary of devoted literacy.P Perhaps if a person really devotes himself or herself to reading and writing, he or she is bound to be restless.6.by the lure of what……normal childhood.P by the power of attracting which was an instinctive and normal thing to any child at my age 7.But the best part of me……and bring them to life.P But the best part ……at home: But my most unforgettable memory was always at home……8.In books I have traveled……but into my own.P While reading books, I have not only traveled to different places in the world, but roamed around my own inner world.9.There was waking, …… was never really a stranger.P Between the tome I woke up and the tome I went to sleep, I just read books, which is a parallel universe to me. And in this universe, I might be a newcomer, but was never a stranger. 10. My real, true world. My perfect island.P To me, these books were a real, true world, as well as a perfect island on which I preferred to stay.11.…as though she was starving and the book was bread.P Jamaica Kincaid was reading books with great eagerness, as if the books were her food. 12.Reading has always been my home,…… invincible companion.P Reading has always given me joy and comfort, food and drink, and strength and companionship.13. and come outside …… in their separateness.P and come into contact with the reality, who think themselves superior to others and feel shame To be friends with them.14. Had television and the movies supplanted books?P Had books given way to televisions and the movies ? Or\ Had books been replaced by televisions and the movies?15.We are the people who……went out of print.P We are the people who would make sure that Pride and Prejudice would always be available.16.It was still in the equivalent of ……one another.P We still found each other like we did when we were young17."Until I feared I would lose it,……To Kill a Mockingbird. P We often say that the starving know the value of food and the man dying of thirst knows the value of Water.㈣1. …done his business like a dog at the road side,……P He had emptied his bowels or passed water (urinated) like a dog at the roadside,……2. got scant thanks :P He seldom expressed his thanks to the people who had offered him some food 3. They were not quite sure…… Now he was back at his home.P Some were mad about wealth; some thirsted for power; some were crazy about sex……4. they amused himP These mad or insane people made him think that they were all ridiculous.5. He thought everybody lived……anxiously.P He thought that our life is too complicated, too costly, and gives us too much pressure. He argued that we should simplify our life.6. He was not the first to inhabit…out of principle.P He was not the first to live in a cask. But he was the first who ever did so because he wanted to, not by necessity, not being forced to . He based it on aprinciple.7. But he taught chief by example.P Diogenes also taught by talking to people, but he mainly taught by setting an example for others to learn from.8. Diogenes answered "I'm trying to find a man."P He actually meant that all people he could see were only half-men. Here the word "man" means a true man.by Diogenes' standard.9. …that will come after you lose the use of your hands.P … that so-called happiness will occur when your hands become useless.10. And so he lived……P And that was how he lived……11. Only twenty, Alexander was far older and……restrained and chivalrous.P Alexander looked far older than a man of his age normally does, and was much wiser than man of his age normally is.12. It is of course “ the people” who were amazed, not “silence”P here were the people who were amazed, but remained silent.13 .hey took it as a paradox. P They regarded it as a paradox.14. But Alexander meant it P But Alexander really meant what he had said.15. He knew that of all men then alive……the beggar were free.P Alexander knew that of all the people alive at that time, he was free because he had absolute power and Diogenes was free because he didn’t need any power.㈤1.There was once a town……in harmony with its surroundings.×Once upon a time there was a town in the central part of America where all living things2. Then some evil spell settled on the community:……but even among children.× Then, as by some evil power, disaster struck the community: strange diseasesquickly struck down large numbers of children; the cattle and sheep became ill and died.3.… a harsh reality we all shall know.×… some serious consequence that we all have to face.4.…a history of interaction between living things and their surroundings.× ...a history of how living things and their environment affect and relate to eachother.5.… the physical form and the habits of the earth’s vegetation…by the environment.×… the physical features and habits of the living things on earth have been Greatly shaped by their surroundings.6.… but it has changed in character.×… but the nature of this power to alter the environment has changed.7.This pollution is for the most irrecoverable.×In most case, the polluted air, soil, rivers and the sea cannot be restored to their original natural state.8. Or they pass mysteriously……from once pure wells.×Or they get deeper into underground streams, undergo some chemical processes somewhere, and then become new substances that contaminate wells, kill plants and make cattles as well as people that drink the water sick.9. Given time---time not in years……a balance has been reached.×When the environment changes, living things can adapt to their new surroundings, but it is a long process and it takes thousands of years for life to be in harmony with their modified world again.10. But in the modern world there is no time.×But in the modern world when man’s power to tamper with nature has become so great and he is so eager to change nature for short-term benefits, he does not think of the long-term interest of his own species.11. The rapidity of change follows…… deliberate pace of nature.×Man is changing nature rapidly while nature adjusts to the changes slowly. Therefore adjustment can never keep up with change, and a new balance between living things and their environment can hardly be reached.12. Radiation is now the unnatural creation of man’s tampering with the atom.×In the past, radiation was only sent out from radioactive substances in certain rocks; today man creates such harmful rays by causing the nucleus of the atom of such substances as radium to split.13.The chemicals are the synthetic creation of man’s tampering with the atom.× Nature dose not produce such things as chemicals. Chemicals are man-made and the results of man’s creative power.㈤14.And even this,……in an endless stream;….×It would take some magic power to make living things adjust to these chemicals in the life of generations. Even if this were possible, it would be useless, because new chemicals are continuously being created and produced.5. …find their way into actual use:×…manage to enter the market and be sold to farmers16. described as “ pests”×referred to as destructive insects17.…all this though the intended target……weeds or insects.×…all these serious consequences come about perhaps just because man wants to destroy a few weeds or insects.18. Can anyone believe it is pos sible……but “ biocides”.×Such number of poisons stored on the surface of the earth will surely make it unfit for all living things.19. destructive insects often undergo a “flare-back” or resurgence×The pests often return in even larger numbers.20.Thus the chemical war is never won,……in its violent crossfire.×Therefore, this fight between man and pests wil1 never come to an end, and all living things are affected by or fall victim to this chemical war.21.brought the threat of disease and d eath even to their own kind…× brought the threat of disease and death even to human beings themselves22.Nature has introduced……checks and balances.×Nature keeps living things in proportion, regulating their number through the check and balance mechanisms of itself23.… the devotion of immense acreage to a single crop×…planting a single crop on large aera of farmlan24. Such a system set the stage for……insect population.×Such a way of farming creates favorable conditions for the rapid increase of particular insects.25. In new territory,……in its native land,…×In new territory, since there are no natural enemies as those that did not allow it to multiply or grow too rapidly in their native land,……26. Thus it is no accident that ……are in troduced species.×That’s why the most trouble-making insects in this country are not native but introduced, which is not accidental at all.27. the explosive power of outbreaks and new invasions×the power of insects to multiply/breed in large numbers suddenly and quickly and their power to invade new territories28.We have subjected enormous numbers of people to……without their knowledge.×By spraying insecticides on food grains,vegetables and fruit, we have caused large number of people to absorb harmful chemicals without asking whether theywould like to do so and often without their knowing it.㈨1.In some respects, globalization is merely a trendy word for an old process.× To some extent, globalization is not new. The world has always been in the process of market expansion. What is new is the term "globalization", which became fashionable only recently.2.A decade later, even after Asia's 1997-98 financial crisis, private capital flows dwarf governmental flows.×Ten years later, even after Asia's financial crisis of 1997-98, private capital flows are still greater in number than governmental capital flows.3. The recent takeover struggle between British and German wireless giants isexceptional only for its size and bitterness.×The only difference between the recent takeover struggle between British and German radio giants and other cases is that this takeover is much bigger and a lot more bitter.4.Behind the merger boom lies the growing corporate conviction that many markets have become truly global.× The reason for the merger boom is that more and more business people now believe that many markets have truly become global. They are no longer producing just for the people in their own country. They want to combine or merge with others to become multinational companies.5. Among poorer countries, the best sign of support is the clamor to get into the World Trade Organization ... And 32 are seeking membership.×Many poorer countries want to join the World Trade Organization. This shows that they support globalization.6.Despite its financial crisis, rapid trade expansion and economic growth sharply cut the number of the desperately poor.×In spite of the financial crisis, rapid increase of trade and economic growth drastically reduced the number of the very poor people.7. two problems could neutralize its potential benefits.×… two problems could offset the possible benefits.8.The global economy may be prone to harsher boom-bust cycles than national economies individually.×Once integrated with the world market, nations will naturally be more vulnerable to the fluctuations of the world economy. The capital flows in and out a country, for example, can create a boom or bust very quickly and with much harsher effects.9.The Asian financial crisis raised questions on both counts.×The Asian financial crisis brought these two questions to people's attention: investment funds were not well used and trade flows became too lopsided.10.The ensuing spending boom in turn aided Europe, Japan, and the United States by increasing imports from them.×The growth in spending that followed helped Europe, Japan, and the United States by increasing imports from them.㈨11.What prevented the Asian crisis from becoming a full-scale economic downturn has been the astonishing U.S. economy.× It was the surprisingly vigorous growth of the U. S. economy that saved the Asian crisis from escalating into an all-round economic depression.12.The world economy.., has been flying on one engine.× The world economy has been driven by only one country's economy, namely the economy of the United States. In other words, the world has become too dependent on one country's prosperity.13... a slowdown or recession--reflecting a decline in the stock market, a loss ofconsumer confidence or higher interest rate-- might snowball into an international slump.×…a slowdown of the U.S. economy might develop into a serious international depression because the world economy is so dependent on it.14.Japan is projected to grow ...×Japan is expected to grow ... / Japan is predicted to ... / Japan is estimated to 15. If the forecasts materialize--and the OECD's growth estimates for Japan exceed most private forecasts--they will restore some balance to the world economy and relieve fears of a global recession.×If the forecasts come true--and the Os growth estimates for Japan are higher than most private forecasts---they will, to some extent, help the world economy return to its earlier balance, and reduce the fear of a worldwide recession.16. It remains possible that abrupt surges of global capital, first moving into Asia andthen out, will have caused, with some delay, a larger instability.×It is still possible that sudden increase or withdrawal of the world's capital, first moving into Asia and then out of it, will have made Asia more unstable.17. It is precisely this logic that has persuaded so many countries to acceptglobalization.×It is exactly this way of thinking that has persuaded so many countries.18 .But this does not mean that a powerful popular backlash, with unpredictableconsequences, is not possible.×But this does not mean that a powerful hostile reaction from ordinary people, which will have unpredictable consequences, is not possible.19.A plausible presumption is that practical politicians would try to protect their constituents from global gluts.× We can presume that practical politicians would no doubt try to protect their voters from the flood of products from other countries.20.If too many countries did, globalization could implode.×If too many countries tried to protect their constituents from global gluts, globalization could collapse violently from the inside.21.It's a scary prospect. Economic interdependence cuts both ways.22.It's a terrifying possibility. Economic mutual dependence can have good and bad effects.。
现代大学英语（精读）笫三册——lesson11
Julia Roberts
In the drama Erin Brockovich (2000) Roberts plays a divorced mother. The role earned Roberts the Golden Globe Award for best dramatic actress and the Academy Award for best actress.
2. Do you think that PG& E deliberately cheat these people?
---Yes.
3. What do you think should the woman and her family do if there’s really something poisonous in their water? ---They should bring a suit against the PG&E company.
.
Greenpeace
A large international pressure group that aims to protect the environment. Its members are well known for taking direct action and putting their own lives in danger in order to stop people from harming the environment. For example, they often go out in small boats to stop people from killing whales or throwing poisonous materials into the sea.
现代大学英语精读paraphrase-原文译文版汇编
学习-----好资料Lesson one1.Virtue is, indeed must be, self-centered.(para4)正确的行动是，确实也必须是以自我为中心的。
By right action, we mean it must help promote personal interest.2.The essentials are familiar: the poverty of the poor was the fault of the poor. And it wasbecause it was product of their excessive fecundity…..(para5)他的基本观点为人熟知：穷人的贫穷是他们咎由自取，贫穷是热门过度生育的结果The poverty of the poor was caused by their having too many children.3.Poverty being caused in the bed meant that the rich were not responsible for either itscreation or its amelioration. (para6)贫穷源于过度生育意味着富人不应该为产生贫穷和解决贫穷承担责任The rich were not to blame for the existence of poverty so they should not be asked toundertake the task of solving the problem.4.It is merely the working out of a law of nature and a law of God(para8)这是自然规律和上帝的意志在起作用。
It is only the result or effect of the law of the survival of the fittest applied to nature or tohuman society.5.It declined in popularity, and reference to it acquired a condemnatory tone.(para9)然而在20世纪，人们认为社会学中的达尔文进化论有点过于残酷，遭到了普遍的质疑，人们提及它都带有谴责的口吻。
现代大学英语精读3第二版Unit8_Book3
appearance
character
Text Analysis
Detailed Analysis
Part IIhat way did Russell’s mother’s ways reflect the values of the time she lived in?
Detailed Analysis
Part I: Discussion
1. Russell says, ―At the age of eighty my mother had her last bad fall…‖ What inferences can you draw from this sentence? 2. What was his mother’s state of mind after her last bad fall? 3. Russell says, ―…when I did phone back she was all right, although she wasn’t all right, of course…‖ He uses the phrase ―all right‖ twice. Do they mean the same? 4. Russell’s mother stayed in a nursing home. What is a nursing home? 5. Do you think it is a good idea for children to send their aged parents to this kind of institutions?
Never trust anyone over thirty!
Warming up
Questions/Activities
新编英语教程3paraphrase（英译英UNIT1~10）
新编英语教程3paraphrase（英译英UNIT1~10）Unit 11. Being very short of money and wanting to do something useful, I applied, fearing asI did so, that without a degree and with no experience of teaching my chances of landing the job were slim.Para: Because I was in bad need of money and was eager to do something of me, I applied for the job, but at the same time that I did so, I was afraid that the possibility for me to get the job was very smal l because I didn’t have a university degree, nor didI have any teaching experience.2. …three days late r a letter arrived, summoning me to Croydon for an interview. Para: …three days later I received a letter, asking me to go to Croydon to have an interview.3. He looked at me with an air of surprised disapproval, as a colonel might look at a private whose bootlaces were undone.Para: He cast a look at me with the same surprise and dislike as a colonel would look at a soldier when his bootlaces came loose.4. The headmaster and I obviously had singularly little in common.Para: Apparently the headmaster and I had no similar interests.5. The teaching set-up appalled me.Para: The way teaching was organized filled me with terror.6. I should have to spilt the class up into three group and teach them in turn at three different levels.Para: I should have to divide the class into three groups ofthree different levels and teach them one after another.7. It was not so much having to tramp a mile along the dusty streets of Croydon, followed by a crocodile of small boys that I minded, but the fact that most of my friends would be enjoying leisure at that time.Para: I felt troubled not because I had to walk for a mile along the dusty streets of Croydon, followed by a group of boys, but because at that time most of my friends were having a good time and relaxing.8. The prospect of working under a woman constituted the ultimate indignity.Para: The fact that I would have to work under a woman in future made me feel totally humiliated.Unit 21. Accordingly, the two boys had always been allowed to climb freely over it.Para: Therefore….2. There was a croaking answer.Para: In a deep, hoarse sound…3. He looked his good-bye at the garden and raged that he had to leave it -----leave it and PeterPara: He said goodbye to the garden by looking at it and felt furious that …..4. Town gardens are small, as a rule, and the Longs’ gardens was no exception to the rule.Para: Usually often that not, town gardens are small; the same is the case with the Long’s garden.5. Mrs. Long clung to the case for a moment, claiming his attention first.Para: Mrs. Long held the case tight for a while, in an effort tocall his attention first.6. She kissed him, gave him a dismissive push towards the car and then followed him to it.Para: She kissed him, pushed him towards the car so as to send him away and then followed him to it.7. How grateful we are to you both for taking him at such short notice.Para: How can we thank you enough for taking Tom away so quickly, we had hardly any time to ask for your consent.8. Tom waved good-bye angrily to his mother, and then , careless even of the cost to others, waved to an inflamed face pressed against a bedroom window.Para: Tom waved good-bye angrily to his mother, and then, without considering the pain and suffering it might give others, Tom waved good-bye to Peter whose red, feverish face was pressed against the bedroom window.9. Tom closed the car window and sat back in his seat, in hostile silence.Para: Tom closed the car window and sat back in his seat, keeping very quiet and strong resentment and unfriendliness.10. I hope we get on reasonably well.Para: I hope we can get along with each other quite well.Unit 31. …after a half hour or so of idle talk, we began to steer the conversation.Para: …after about half an hour of casual chatting, we began to make the conversation follow the course as we had planned.2….it does seem a coincidence, really, doesn’t it?Para: …it really looked as if we two had planned our trips together, doesn’t it?3. …that’s what Dr. Double L. Dee would call an extraor dinary concurrence of events. Para: …that’s what Dr. Double L. Dee would call an amazing coincidence.4. But remember that Captain Pratt didn’t go by the same route as Captain Smitherton ----- that makes a difference, you know.Para: But remember that two captains in opposite directions and that is quite important, you know.5. “well,” broke in my uncle.P ara: “well,” my uncle interrupted.6. Here Smitherton found his voice at last.Para: Here Smitherton began to speak at last.7. And here Kate ended the quarrel by jumping up as if she had a new thought. Para: Kate jumped up to bring the quarrel toa close by pretending that a new idea had struck her.8. It is a judgment on you about you know what.Para: You are being judged about something that you don’t r eally know.Unit 41. …the income from the estate probably amounted to about $200 a year.Para: …most likely, the money he made from his estate reached about $200 a year.2. There is no country where Shakespeare’s work is not read with something very likeawe because there is something fascinating about a men…Para: People all over the world read Shakespea re’s work with a feeling of profound respect and wonderment because there is something about him which made people charmed.3. ..almost every detail of his personal life is suppositionrather than fact.Para: we do not base every minute and particular detail of his personal life so much on facts on guesswork.4….But his activities, like those of nearly every playwright of his day, are so vague that he could have been born in Roman times.Pare: We are so uncertain about his activities that we might as well say that he was born when the Romans occupied a long time ago.5. …had made a thriving business out of its most famous citizen for a long time. Para: Because of its most famous citizen, Stratford-upon-Avon has made a lot money for a long time.6. … he has s uch a fine reputation that it is well worth the journey just to be able…Para: …he enjoys such high prestige that it is worthwhile to make a journey to Stratford-upon-Avon just to be able…7. he can next be traced in 1592 in London…Para: After that we know he was in London in 1592.8. Shakespeare soon became sufficiently well-known for managers and other influential people to refer to him in writing.Para: soon Shakespeare became so famous that manager and other powerful people often mentioned him in their writing.Unit 51. …by grace one of the engineering feats of the century, for richer or poorer, better or worse, England and France are getting hitched.Para: Thanks to one of the remarkable construction achievements of the 20th century, whether owe likes it or not , England and France are on the way of getting geographically connected.2. The Chunnel rewrites geography, at least in the English psyche. The most has been breached. Britain no longer is an island.Para: As far as the British are concerned, the Chunnel has changed the geographical pattern which long separated Britain from Continental Europe.3. The Chunnel is a work in progress.Para: The Chunnel is under construction.4. …I imagine 180 feet of Channel above my head…Para: I picture the transport scene of the Chunnel 180 feet above this tunnel .5. And there are 56 million more behind them.Para: and soon the whole French population will take the Chunnel transport and come over to visit British.6. …we will work on selling the idea.Para: We will promote the Chunnel transport business by informing people of the benefits that this new means of transport will bring them.Unit 61. But is this science-fiction-like picture of the atom exploding peacefully beneath the bonnet of a car possible.Para: But is it possible for the atom to explode beneath the bonnet of a car without doing any harm to the people? For sucha ting to a happen is just like science fiction.2. In theory it is, since already the atom has been harnessed to drive submarines and an atomic engine is already in existence.Para: Theoretically it is possible, now that atomic energy has been used to drive submarines and an atomic engine has been made.3. …there are many problems still to be conquered beforesuch an engine can in fact be fixed in a car.Para: An engine like that cannot really be installed in a car until we have solved many problem.4. …the motoring world will be well on th e way to an atomic car.Para: The automobile industry will make great progress in the waking of an atomic car.5. The effect of such an explosion would be felt for several miles around.Para: In an area for several miles around people would be affected by the results of such explosion.Unit 71. …or pose as unusual.Para: …or pretend to be uncommon/out of th e ordinary.2. …flavored with cheap face-powder and chain-smoking.Para: …filled with the odor of women’s low quality face-powder and that of men’s cig arettes…3. Are you strong-minded enough to…?Para: Do you have enough strong will power to …4. …, only to be told that…?Para: …then you are just told that …5. “The truth will out.”Para: The truth will become publicly known.6. a book more in evidence than Shakespeare or the Bible,…Para: a book which can be seen in more places than the works by Shakespeare or the Bible.7. … to escape from idle or inquisitive chatterbox, or somebody who wants something for nothing…Para: to keep away from some lazy or curious gossip, or from somebody who only wants something but not to give anythingin retrun.8. …or from some reporter bent on questioning you…Para: or from some reporter who is determined to question you.9. …your back is chilled by the cold look of somebody,…Para: somebody’s cold stare behind your back is sufficient to wake your blood run cold…10. ..there are two things for which the English seen to show particular aptitude…Para: The English seem to be especially gifted in two things…Unit 81. The desire to pick up with an attractive dust-jacket is irresistible, although this method of selection ought not to be followed,…Para: You wish to buy a book with a lovely cover is so strong and powerful that you can’t resist it, although this method of selec ting a book is not recommended.2. You soon become engrossed in some book or other…Para: You ar e soon absorbed in a book…3. You can wander round such places to your heart’s content.Para: You can move about from one place to another until you are completely satisfied.4. In a bookshop an assistant should remain in the background until you have finished browsing.Para: An assistant should remain relatively inconspicuous until you have finished looking at the book.5. …something which had only vaguely inter ested you up till then.Para: …something in which you had preciously only had aslight interest.6. Apart from running up a huge account, you can…Para: In addition to getting large bills for the books, you can…7. …he was dismayed to find the book missing from its usual place and was about to leave when he noticed the owner of the shop beckoning to him.Para: …he was very disappointed to find that the book was not in the place where it was usually put and was on the point of leaving; just then he saw the owner of the shop signaling to him.8. Expecting to be told off, he went towards his.Para: Thinking that hr would be scolded, he went up to him.Unit 91. I found myself on varied assignments, all the way from ship news to sports reporting.Para: I found I was giving different kinds of assignments, ranging in variety from ship news to sports reporting.2. There was noting spectacular in Mr. Jacobs’ manner or appearance; but when he spoke about prizefights, he was no longer a bland man but a colossus…Para: There was nothing in Mr. Jacobs’ appearance and manner that would attract public attention, but when he talked about prizefight, he was not ordinary any more, he looked like a giant.3. You knew you were listening to Number One.Para: You know you were listening to the most authoritative prizefight promoter.4. So far as he was concerned, there was no mystery to it.Para: he saw nothing mysterious in boxing.5. he …went down, was counted out, and never came out of the coma.Para: he feel to the floor, did not stand up when the referee counted the seconds from one to one, and never regained consciousness.6. The Paret fight produced a flurry of investigations.Para: The Paret fight resulted in a great deal of, fervent public interest all several investigations.7. One question that was solemnly studied in all three probes concerned the action of the referee.Para: After careful investigation and through and serious examination by the three organizations was found to be of common concern – the action of the referee.8. No crowd was ever brought to its feet screaming and cheering at the sight of two men beautifully dodging and weaving out of each other’s jabs.Para: when the crowd saw two boxers exquisitely move from side to side to avoid the opponent’s quick str aight punch to the head, nobody would get to his feet, crying out in a shrill voice and shouting in great joy.9. The time the crowd comes alive is when a man is hit hard over the heart or the head, when his mouthpiece flies out, when blood squirts out of his nose or eyes, when he wobbles under the attack and his pursuer continues to smash at him with poleax impact.Para: the time when the crowd is brought to a cheerful and excited mood is when a boxer receives hard blows over his heart and head, when his mouthpiece falls off, when blood oozes from his nose or eyes, when he moves unsteadily from side to side under the attack, and his opponent chases him and goes on with his heavy blows and hard punches with the force of a poleax.10. Put the blame where it belongs – on the prevailing moresthat regard prizefighting as a perfectly proper enterprise and vehicle entertainment.Para: Find out where the responsibility really lies – it lies in the dominant and controlling social customs and standards that look upon prizefighting as a complete suitable undertaking and a form of recreation.Unit 101. …a succession of startled substitutes had stood before them, ducked, winced and fled.Para: … a few teachers one by one, took the place of the former teacher. None of them could clam down in front of the students. They could not deal with the situation and drew back in great fear and at last resigned in a hurry.2. I had reason enough to distrust my thumb.Para: I had many reasons to doubt of my own ability to keep the class under my thumb.3. It was plain the headmaster thought they had got nowhere.Para: It was obvious that the headmaster thought those teachers had made no progress in the students’ leaving.4. It was all wrong; my mood was all placatory; I was, inwardly, all white flag. Para: All things were wrong. I just waited to please the boys. And the only thing in my mind was to surrender.5. The room was easily traced by the noise that was coming from it.Para: It was very easy to find the classroom along the noise coming from it.6. …that was the worst of it –that these improprieties couldn’t be nailed down. Para: The most unfortunate thing under the situation was that I could not say clearly what improper things students were doing.7. …an awful pointless indign ation mounted in me.Para: …a terrible useless anger grew in me.8. But in cold blood I could think of no practical substitute for these dramatic punishments.Para: But when I calmed down and thought it seriously, I could not find any useful punishment and really be carried out.。
现代大学英语精读3-unit-4课后答案(新)
Unit 4 Wisdom of Bear WoodI Pre-class work1. Paraphrase.1) I spent most of my time wandering in the forests and the fields alone, acting Robin Hood, daydreaming collecting bugs and bird-watching. (Para. 3)2) To live a quiet life and not to get involved with other people was my way of avoiding any friendship that I would only have to abandon the next time we moved. (Para. 3)3) But one day I began a friendship just by chance. (Para. 3)4) I started to take a long walk.., to a dense growth of trees called Bear Wood. (Para. 4)5) Yes, they are watchful; But the bad thing is that some gamekeepers have been killing them since they got here and they were brought into this place form somewhere else, not born and raised here. (Para.11)6) I looked at the cabinets with glass windows that contained statues and models carved out of ivory and stone trays of butterflies fastened with pins and.., about twelve birds that were made into specimens. (Para. 18)7) I learn a lot of knowledge, taught by nature itself, about the things I can see--the birds, insects, trees, and flowers, and the things I cannot see--ideas, scientific laws and principles. I also learn a lot about the things that change, including life itself, as well as the things that are changeless like friendship, love, and many basic values. (Para. 37)2. Learn to use the dictionary and other reference books.1) Give the definition of the following.(1) odds and ends: small things of various kinds without much value(2) rather than: instead of2) Find the synonyms and the antonyms of the following in a Thesaurus.(1) immense antonyms: little, small, tiny, minute(2) to glow synonyms: to radiate, to blare, to blaze, to brighten, to gleam, to shine3. W0rd-building.l) Give corresponding nouns of the following verbs.(1) possession (2) endurance (3) penetration(4) encounter (5) retirement (6) suspicion/suspect(7) abandonment (8) inclination (9) exploration(10) recovery (11) warning (12 ) proceeding(13) fascination (14) form/formation (15) glimpse2) Give corresponding nouns of the following adjectives.(1) anxiety (2) misery (3) density(4) instinct (5) familiarity (6) essence(7) immensity (8) stupidity (9) suddenness(10) invisibility (11) generosity (12) productivity(13) fondness (14) equivalency3) Guess the meaning of the following, based on the rules of word-building you have learned.(1)一个吸引人的故事(2)一番引言，开场白(3)令人惊异的快速康复(4)一份费力的工作(5)集体的努力(6)一个可爱的人(7)一番深刻的分析(8)渴望权力的人们(9)使铁路行业私有化(10)一位非常娇惯子女的母亲(II)一次毫无意义的行动(12)秘密的行为(13)被认为是不可触知的(14)他那好笑的笨拙的样子(15)外汇收入(16)看上去可疑的(17)能见度低(18)听起来迂腐的(19)有很多崇拜者(20)积累的资金(21)易变的天气(22)无色的液体(23)冗长的讲话4) Study carefully and discover new rules of word-building.(1) the adjectives used as verbs(2) the suffix "-ify" added to the end of a word to change it to a verb, meaning to make something be in the stated state or condition(3) the compound nouns consisting of two words with the first one as the object of the action denoted by the second one More Work on the TextII Vocabulary1. Translate1) into English.(1) to explore the secrets of nature (2) to endure pain and suffering(3) to earn everyone's admiration (4) to suspect a dirty plot(5) to introduce this sheep (6) to surround the enemy(7) to demand an open apology (8) to extend her hand(9) to roam the fields (10) to dangle his feet(11) to catch one's breath (12) to give permission(13) to abandon hope (14) to accumulate experience(15) to form a strong team (16) to possess property(17) to design a new model (18) to collect facts2) into Chinese.(1)一次有收获的经历(2)看起来似乎不同(3)零星的东西(4)古老的城堡(5)铁丝网篱笆(6)石雕的人或动物像(7)人间天堂(8)制成标本的鸟(9)密集的月桂树丛(10)铺着柔软地毯的地板(11)一种珍稀动物(12)潜在的购买者(13)晒干了的树叶(14)样子很熟悉的房子(15)笨拙的动作(16)退休工人(17)面上有玻璃的书架(18)高倍望远镜2. Give synonyms and antonyms of the following.1) Give synonyms.(1) to wander (2) to give up(3) great, large, massive, huge (4) heavenly, sacred(5) heaven (6) to look at(7) to continue (8) dear(9) lasting (10) attractive, admirable(11) silently (12) to watch(13) weak (14) to alarm, to give a start(15) to gather (16) to teach(17) to own (18) to surprise, to astonish(19) sadly thoughtful (20) alert, watchful, cautious2) Give antonyms.(1) minor (2) unhappy, displeased (3) thin(4) hell (5) public (6) introduced(7) invisible (8) unseen (9) harmful(10) colorless (11) center (12) great3. Translate.1) There are still hundreds of millions of people in the world today who earn less than a dollar a day.2) So many people get stomach cancer. I suspect that the water we drink may be seriously polluted.3) We have earned strong support of the government to make smoking illegal in public places.4) He has earned the great admiration of the people as an honest government official.5) Old people in China today are not inclined to live with their children.6) I am inclined to look at things from the bright side.7) The smugglers seem to know all our actions. I suspect that someone among us is passing secret information to them.8) She says that she just doesn't feel inclined to work today.9) We could not identify the body because it was too badly burnt.10) These people roam from place to place without regular jobs and without social identity. More and more people now regard it as unfair.11) I still regard it as important for our young people to care about their national identity.12) With regard to flood control, I am still inclined to think that to plant more trees is more important than anything else.4. Fill in the blanks with the appropriate words.1) B 2) D 3) A 4) A 5) D 6) D 7) B/C 8) C5. Fill in the blanks with the appropriate expression below.1) wrench myself away from it 2) care to 3) keeping to herself4) Thanks to, as it were 5) odds and ends 6) went by, at ease7) with a will 8) filled up 9) at ease10) brim over 11) bursting with 12) verges on13) slipped through 14) verges against 15) warned against, as it were6. Choose the right word in the given context.1) (1) crawl (2) climbed (3) crept (4) creep/crawl2) (1) tone (2) tune (3) tune (4) tone3) (1) extend (2) expand (3) extended (4) expand4) (1) doubt (2) suspect (3) doubted (4) suspect5) (1) lonely (2) alone (3) alone, lonely (4) alone7. Translate with special attention to the different meanings of the same word or word which happen to have the same spelling.1)讨厌鬼就是那种你希望他听的时候他却偏要说的人?2)你要是三分钟之内还打不出油，就别再钻了。
现代大学英语-第三册-Unit5-Silent-Spring
degradation (desertification, land pollution, soil pollution)
– understanding complicated paragraphs – reading for gist – inferring the author’s attitudes/feelings/opinions/conclusions – drawing inferences
Background
II. Detailed Discussion of the Text
❖1. There was once a town in the heart of America where all life seemed to live in harmony with its surroundings.(---1)
In her latest work, however, Miss Carson is not so gentle. More pointed than poetic, she argues that the widespread use of pesticides is dangerously tilting the so-called balance of nature. Pesticides poison not only pests, she says, but also humans, wildlife, the soil, food and water.
“an anti-humanitarian crank, a priestess of nature, and a hysterical woman”
现代大学英语精读3 Unit 4
+ In Para. 1, the author describes the life of Diogenes the
beggar. He deliberately lived in such ways as to show people what a simple life should be like. He simplified his life to the extreme and lived in the bare means of existence. However he seemed to feel very content with his life.
Warming Βιβλιοθήκη pInformation Questions
1. How did he take on the appearance of a beggar?
2. How did he live his daily life typical of a beggar? 3. What did he usually do in the market place? Did other people like him? 4. Why was he free? 5. What was his home like?
Lesson 10 – Diogenes and Alexander
Do you know?
What did dogs symbolize in the ancient world?
They were symbols of shamelessness.
Lesson 10 – Diogenes and Alexander
6. Who was Diogenes? What was his doctrine on house?
现代大学英语精读3(第二版)单词表
lesson1Glossaryacademic 学院的adolescence 青春期adolescent 青少年时期adulthood 成年affection 喜爱affirm 断言agenda 日程表anxiety 焦虑attitudinal 态度的baptistbounce 跳跃capability 能力contribute 贡献counsel 建议crisis 危机definite 清楚的developmental 发育的distinct 区分，差别distressed 悲伤dorm 公寓，宿舍(大学生) encyclopedia 百科全书endeavor 尝试endowment 天赋ethical 道德的evaluate 估算，评估excessive 过分的，极度的feminine 女性的financial 财政的functional 职务的genetic 基因的guilt 内疚heighten 提高inherit 遗传，继承inhibition 压抑的情绪interact 交流interaction 合作involve （成功的）必要条件journal 期刊masculine 男性的maturity 成熟mistrust 不信任newscast 新闻广播parental 父母的peer 同龄人perceive 理解position 工作prejudiced 偏见project 规划rebel 抗议relate 理解，同情某人resentment 怨恨role 职责seminary 学院的separation 分开sexual 2性的shrink 缩水stressful 有压力的superior 优秀的theological 神学的unquestionably 毫无疑问的lesson2Glossaryalley n.小路, 巷bitterness n.苦味, 悲痛, 怨恨call it quits 停止civil war 内战Congressman n.国会议员, 众议院议员dirt road 土路down and out 落魄drip n.水滴vt.(使)滴下vi.(使)滴下druggist n.药商, 药材商, 药剂师【医】药商, 调剂员farmhouse n.农舍general n.一般, 将军, 大体a.全面的, 大体的, 总的, 一般的, 普遍的n.常规【计】常规【医】一般的, 全身性, 广泛的get hold of 抓住, 得到get word 获得消息, 听说, 得知glimpose n.一瞥, 一闪vi.投以一瞥, 闪烁不定vt.瞥见fool around 闲荡, 干蠢事, 干无用的事, 干琐屑的事grand marshal 大元帅harness n.马具, 挽具状带子, 甲胄vt.给...上挽具, 驾驭, 披上甲胄, 利用...以产生动力headquarters n.总部, 司令部, 总部人员【经】本部, 总部, 总署hush n.肃静, 安静, 沉默vt.(使)肃静, (使)安静, (使)缄默interj.嘘, 别作声intimate a.亲密的, 私人的, 秘密的vt.暗示, 通知, 告诉n.至交【法】亲密的, 亲切的, 私人的lrish 爱尔兰的liven vt.使高兴, 使快活vi.快活起来livery n.制服, 侍从a.象肝的, 有肝病症状的memoir n.传记, 实录, 追思录, 回忆录, 自传【化】研究报告miraculously ad.超自然, 非凡, 不可思议, 令人惊叹, 象奇迹一样, 奇迹般, 能创造奇迹momentary a.瞬间的, 刹那间的naked a.裸体的, 无装饰的, 无保护的, 赤贫的【医】裸露的orderly a.有秩序的, 整齐的, 值班的n.护理员, 清道夫, 传令兵, 勤务兵ad.依次地, 顺序地【医】男护理员parade n.游行, 炫耀, 阅兵vt.游行, 炫耀, (使)列队行进vi.游行, 炫耀, (使)列队行进pond n.池塘vt.筑成池塘vi.筑成池塘Presbyterian adj.长老制的, 长老会的n.长老教会员railroad n.铁路, 铁路公司vt.铺设铁路, 用铁路运输vi.在铁路工作【经】铁道, 铁路ridiculous a.荒谬的, 可笑的Scotsman n.苏格兰人，苏格兰男人shed n.车棚, 小屋, 脱落之物, 分水岭vt.使流出, 放射, 脱落, 散发, 摆脱vi.流出, 散布, 脱落【医】脱落, 脱换show up 揭露, 露出, 露面smash n.打碎, 粉碎, 打碎时哗啦声, 猛击, 扣球, 杀球, 经营失败, 破产, 硬币, 假硬币 a.非常轰动的, 了不起的vt.打碎, 粉碎, 击溃, 使破产, 使裂变, 使用假硬币vi.碎裂, 猛撞, 破产, 扣球, 杀球ad.轰隆一声, 哗啦一声surrender vt.交出, 放弃, 使投降, 让与vi.投降, 自首n.交出, 放弃, 投降Swede n.瑞典人sympathize vi.同情, 怜悯, 同意, 体谅thick with somebody 厚与某人windbag n.空话连篇的人, 风囊lesson3Glossaryadministration n.管理advertise v.登广告advertisement n.广告anchor v.抛锚；使牢固assemble v.集合attach v.系；绑；连接award n.奖品basics n.基本；要素campus n.校园charitable a.慈善的civic a.城市的combat n.战斗；格斗compete v.竞争competition n.竞争consumer n.消费者custom-made a.定做的customazed a.定做的；定制的deal n.协议dealer n.商人delivery n.（把货物、信件等）送往（某处）dignify v.使。
现代大学英语精读3(第二版)Lesson 2
Some tics
The average American read 7, the average French and Japanese person 8.4, the average South Korean 11, and the average Chinese 4.39. On average, Chinese people allocated just over 15 minutes a day to reading, compared to almost 100 to watching television and over 45 for using the Internet.
Warming up
Check-on Preview
What do you know about the following novels?
Middlemarch
Jane Eyre
A Tale of Two Cities Moby-Dick Pride and Prejudice To Kill a Mockingbird
How Reading Changed My Life
Anna Quindlen
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World Book and Copyright Day is a yearly event on 23rd April, organized by UNESCO to promote reading, publishing and copyright. World Book Day was celebrated for the first time on April 23rd. The connection between 23 April and books was first made in 1923 by booksellers in Spain as a way to honor the author Miguel de Cervantes who died on that day. (because the date is also the anniversary of the birth and death of William Shakespeare.)
综合英语第三册paraphrase(带答案)
ParaphraseUnit11.My plan was to keep my ears open and my mouth shut and hope no one would notice I was a freshman.I planned to be observant and silent so that nobody would notice that I was a freshman.2.Popularity was not so important: running with the crowd was no longer a law of survival.It didn’t matter whether you were widely liked or not: you did not have to follow other people so as to be accepted by everybody else.3.This was my big chance to do my own thing, be my own woman----if I could get past my preoccupation withdoing everything perfectly.College offered a great chance for me to do my own thing and have my own style so long as I could give up the attempt to be perfect in everything.Unit21.He didn’t realize how hard his maxim hit. It often returns to haunt and rebuke me by raising the critical problem ofpriorities.He did not realize how much impact his works had on me. They often come to my mind and make me think of the important problem of priorities, and this is always the time I feel quite uneasy.2.But in the light of time’s perspective their deceptive prominence fades; with a sense of loss we recall the importanttasks pushed aside.But as time passes, the urgent things gradually lose their seemingly importance, and at the same time we suffer from a sense of loss as we recall the important tasks that are left undone.Unit31.Food to my countrymen is one of the ecstasies of life, to be thought about in advance; to be smothered with lovingcare throughout its preparation; and to have time lavished on it in the final pleasure of eating.Food to us Chinese is one of the greatest joys in life: It is thought about before being prepared; it is treated with lots of love and care while being prepared; and when it is ready, it is enjoyed with excessive amount of time.2.It is this increased sensuality and the desire for great freedom age-bound habits in the West, combined with theinherent sensual concept of Chinese food, always quick to satisfy the taste buds, that is at the root of the sudden and phenomenal spread of Chinese food throughout the length and breadth of the Western World.The main reason for the sudden and tremendous popularity of Chinese food throughout the whole Western world lies in two facts: One is the increased desire for sensual pleasures and freedom from age-old customs in the West; the other is the notion of physical pleasure provided by Chinese food which is always ready to satisfy the taste of the eater.Unit51.But it did list his“survivors”quite accurately.But the obituary did list the family members of the dead man quite accurately.2.He was the one who tried to grab at his father, and tried to mean enough to him to keep the man at home.It was the boy who made efforts to divert his father’s affection from work.Unit61.Even an end which it would be noble to pursue if it were attainable may be pursued unwiselyif it is inherently impossible of achievement.It would be unwise to pursue a goal that is bound to fail though it might benoble to do so.2.I think the essence of wisdom is emancipation, as far as possible, from the tyranny of the here and now.I think the essence of wisdom is to free oneself from the confinement of thephysical world and the emotional world and look beyond.Unit81.One way was to step up the level of danger or licentiousness or alcohol or drag consumptionso that you could be sure that, no matter what, you would manage to have a little fun.In order to have a little fun under the stress of modern life, people indulged themselves even more intensively in dangerous adventures and excessive sex,alcohol and drugs.2. The god of mirth is paying us back for all those years of thinking fun was everywhere by refusing to come to ourparty.We have long assumed that fun was easy to have, but now we are paying a price for that shallow-mindedness, i.e., our party is hardly as much fun as it is intended to be.Unit91.Children enter school as question marks and leave as periods.Children enter school with lots of questions and curiosity, but when they leave school after years of formal education, they lose all the curiosity and exploring spirit.2.? Being “advanced”has its own pitfalls---among them complacency and pushing of forcing. “Advanced”learners are likely to make some mistakes, for example, they may become excessively satisfied with their progress or on the contrary, put too much pressure on themselves to achieve further progress.Unit111.“Psychological barriers wear down; the ability to make more distinctions can coarsen; the liar’s percepti on of hischances of being caught may warp”One is less inhibited from lying; his ability to tell the truth from the falsehood is dulled; he may become less cautious against being caught.2.Once they’ve become common enough, even the small untruths that ar e not meant to hurt encourage a certaincynicism and loss of trust.When it becomes common enough to tell small lies, even the small unharmful ones will induce doubt and distrust.3.The most understandable and forgivable lies are an exchange of what ethicists refer to as the principle of trust forthe principle of caring.Those lies that are most understandable and acceptable are based on what moralists call the principle of love and care rather than that of trust.Unit121.We will go through the most extraordinary contortions to save ourselves from walking.As long as we can avoid walking, we are willing to do anything possible, however unnatural or ridiculous it may be.2.…I was possibly the only person ever to have entertained the notion of negotiating that intersection on foot.…I was very likely the only person who had ever attempted to cross thatintersection on foot.Unit131.I thought I was a unique item, but as soon as I peeked out of my shell I found a sea of women in similar positions.I had thought that I was quite different from other people, but when I directed my attention from myself toother people I found that there were so many people just like me.2.The little child in us has grown mature and middle-aged, almost to our surprise.To our surprise, the inner child in us has grown mature and is already middle-aged. And we realize that we are really getting old.3.Besides the intellectual surprises, we found joy in each other’s company, and we delved in this newly foundcamaraderie with an intensity we did not know we could achieve outside of love and pregnancies.We found so many surprises in school, and apart from that, we also enjoyed the company of each other very much. We appreciated this kind of friendship intensely, just like what we felt for our lovers when we were in love or for baby when we were pregnant.Unit141.Suddenly I saw myself as I really was, in all my horrid selfishness, and I felt sick at heart.Suddenly I realized that sort of person I really was: I was an extremely selfish man. This made me feel very bad at heart.2.I was measuring you by the yardstick of my own years.I was judging you by the standard for an adult of my age which was not fair to a little boy.3. A penitent kneels at your infant shrine, here in the moonlight.Here in the moonlight, your father, a man with a strong sense of guilt and remorse, kneels in front of your bed.Unit151.It is difficult to sort out whether job satisfaction causes happiness or vice versa, but evidence suggests thatcausation flows both ways.It is hard to find out whether job satisfaction causes happiness or happiness leads to jib satisfaction, but it is suggested that either of them has an effect on the other.2. There is nothing, short of terminal illness---no setback, shortcoming, difficulty, or inadequacy---that makeshappiness impossible.Nothing, such as misfortune, weakness, difficulty, or insufficiency, can make it impossible for a person to achieve happiness unless he suffers from a fatal disease.TranslationUnit11.听到他屡遭失败的消息，我感到难过.It distressed me a great deal to hear that he had suffered repeated failures.2.他虽然失去了老板的欢心，但仍然装出一副高兴地样子。
现代大学英语(精读)笫三册——lesson4
smiled and said… 主考人对我所干的一定很满意，因为他微笑着说：…
We are very pleased to see you here. 我们在这里见到你很高兴。
Patch (n. & v.)
• A small piece,part,or section • --- a bean patch一片扁豆地 • ---a patch of beans • ---a patch of thin ice; • ---patches of sunlight 日光斑驳
• to make by sewing scraps of material together
• A famous outlaw and romantic hero of the Middle Ages. Whether he was a living man or only a legend is uncertain. Old ballads relate that Robin Hood and his followers roamed the green depths of Sherwood Forest, near Nottingham, in the center of England. There they lived a carefree life, passing the time playing games of archery, hunting the king's deer, and robbing the rich. They shared their spoils with the poor and never injured women or children.
现代大学英语精读3（第二版）Unit4课后答案
现代大学英语精读3（第二版）Unit4课后答案Unit 4Preview2.Do the following exercises.1.Paraphrase the following sentences.1.He had opened his eyes when the sun rose,scratched (because he had an itch on the skin), relieved himself like a dog at the roadside…Notice the euphemism “done his business.”The author could not have used the normal expression”used the toilet”because there was no toilet.2.Live simply and freely.Pay no attention to conventions, which are unnatural and useless. Avoid or get rid of all those unnecessary things that make our life complicated and wasteful…3.They own and control him. He is their slave. In order to get some goods that have no true value and will be useless very soon, he has sold the only true, lasting good, his own independence.4.He knew very well what he lived for:it was to change people’s values, to make them know the true meaning of life…5.He was the most popular/important/successful person at this particular momen t or his century…2.Translate the words in bold type.1.我们那调皮的猫把我们的新沙发套都抓破了。
现代大学英语精读3第三课课后答案(完整)
For personal use only in study and research; not forcommercial use现代大学英语精读3第三课课后答案(完整)Pre-class Work II1. Paraphrase.1) And when he was 29 now, he has found the power of another idea that has enabled him to grow from a teenager and become a rich and powerful person in computer industry.2) ... he thought it might be a good idea to finish his high school education as quickly as possible.3) He believed that the newly married people are the most likely customers.4) He also knew that it was expensive to keep more products than necessary. So he bought these products of the dealer's at the price they had bought them.5) Dell put advertisements in the local media and was ready to sell specially designed and made computers at a price which was 15 percent lower than the market price.6) It was time for him to seriously deal with the size of the computer business he had created.7) Dell still sold IBM personal computers to which he had added special properties required by people.2. Learn to use reference books.1) Find the proper definition of the following in the text.(1) stock: a supply of a particular type of thing that a shop has available to sell(2) firm: a business or company(3) break: a short holiday(4) feature: something important, interesting or typical of a place or thing(5) order: a request for a product to be made for you or delivered to you(6) overhead: money spent regularly on rent, insurance, electricity, and other things that are needed tokeep a business operating(7) accounting: the work of accountants or the methods they use(8) edge: sth. that gives you an advantage over others2) Find the synonyms of the following in a thesaurus.(1) cast: throw, toss, fling, hurl, pitch, chuck, thrust, heave(2) flabbergasted: surprised, shocked, amazed3. Word-building.1) Give the corresponding nouns of the following.(1) plunge (2) contact (3) advertisement/advertising(4) enrollment (5) requirement (6) inquiry(7) replacement (8) marketing/market (9) failure(10) incorporation (11) guarantee (12) specialization 2) Give the corresponding verbs of the following.(1) to subscribe (2) to perform (3) to deliver(4) to donate (5) to consume (6) to entitle(7) to manufacture (8) to compute3) Translate the following based on what you know about rules of word-building.(1)现在的问题不是生产过剩，而是消费不足。
高英(现代大学英语)精读5 paraphrase 原文+译文
1.The job of arousing manhood within a people that have been taught for so many centuries that they are nobody is not easy. It is no easy job to educate a people who have been told over centuries that they were inferior and of no importance to see that they are humans, the same as any other people.2.Psychological freedom, a firm sense of self-esteem, is the most powerful weapon against the long night of physical slavery. If you break the mental shackles imposed on you by white supremacists, if you really respect yourself, thinking that you are a Man, equal to anyone else, you will be able to take part in the struggle against racial discrimination.3.The Negro will only be free when he reaches down to the inner depths of his own being and signs with the pen and ink of assertive manhood his own emancipation proclamation.The liberation of mind can only be achieved by the Negro himself/herself. Only when he/she is fully convinced that he/she is a Man/Woman and is not inferior to anyone else, can be he/she throw off the manacles of self-abnegation and become free. 4.Power at its best is love implementing the demands of justice, and justice at its best is power correcting everything that stands against that stands against love.Power in the best form of function is the carrying out of the demands of justice with love and justice in the best form of function is the overcoming of everything standing in the way of love with power.5.At that time, economic status was considered the measure of the individual’s ability and talents.At that time, the way to evaluate how capable and resourceful a person was to see how much money he had made(or how wealthy he was).6.The absence of worldly goods indicated a want of industrious habits and moral fiber.A person was poor because he was lazy and not hard-working and lacked a sense of right and wrong.7.It is not the work of slaves driven to their tasks either by the task, by the taskmaster or by animal necessity.This kind of work cannot be done by slaves who work because the work has to be done, because they are forced to work by slave-drivers or because they need to work in order to be fed and clothed.8.When the unjust measurement of human worth on the scale of dollars is eliminated.When the unfair practice of judging human value by the amount of money a person has got is done away with.9.He who hates does not know God, but he who has love has the key that unlocks the door to the meaning of ultimate reality. Those who harbor hate in their hearts cannot grasp the teachings of God. Only those who have love can enjoy the ultimate happiness in Heaven.10.Let us be dissatisfied until America will no longer have a high blood pressure of creeds and an anemia of deeds.Let us be dissatisfied until America no longer only talk about racial equality but is unwilling or reluctant to take action to end such evil practices racial as racial discrimination.1.I pictured this prodigy part of me as many different images, trying each one on for size.I imagined myself being different types of prodigy, trying to find out which type would best suit me.2.I had new thoughts, willful thoughts, or rather thoughts filled with lots of won’ts.Some new thoughts came to my mind, thoughts that I deliberately wanted to be disobedient, or to be more exact, thoughts that I would say lots of “ I won’t …” to my mother.3.The girl had a sauciness of a Shirley Temple.The girl was somewhat like Shirley Temple, a bit rude, but in an amusing way.4.It felt like worms and toads and slimy things crawling out of my chest, but it also felt good, as if this awful side of me had surfaced, at last. While saying these, I was scared as if some very unpleasant, horrible things had got out of my chest; but at the same time, I felt a bit delighted for I was finally able to make this awful part of me known to my mother.5.And I could sense her anger rising to its breaking point, I wanted to see it spill over.And I could feel that her anger was coming to the point where her endurance and self-control would collapse, but I wanted to see what exactly she would do when that happened.6.The lid to the piano was closed, shutting out the dust, my misery, and her dreams.When the lid to the piano was closed, it not only shut out the dust but also put an end to my misery and my mother’s dreams as well.1.Yet globalization…Is a reality, not a choice.However, as one report said, globalization “ is now an ordinary fact of life, not something one can choose to have or not.”2.Popular factions sprout to exploit nationalist anxieties.Political groups favored by the general public have appeared in large numbers to take advantage of existing worries and uneasiness among the people about foreign “cultural assault.”3.Where xenophobia and economic ambition have often struggled for the upper hand.Where the two trends- the dislike and fear of things foreign and the desire to build China into one of a powerful, industrialized economy- have often contended with each other for dominance.4.Those people out there should continue to live in a museum while we will have showers that work.Those people in countries like China should continue to live a backward life while we ourselves will enjoy a comfortable life with all modern facilities.5.Westernization is a phenomenon shot through with inconsistencies and populated by very strange bedfellows. Westernization is a concept full of self-contradictions and held by people of very different backgrounds and views.6.You don’t have to be cool to do it; you just have to have the eye.You don’t have to look fashionable or attractive in order to find out what will be the future trend; you only need to be observant and be able to make judgments about it.7.He was up in the cybersphere far above the level of time zones.He was playing the game on the Internet with people living in different parts of the world, an activity that goes far beyond the limit of time zones.8.In the first two weeks of business the Gucci Store took in a surprising $100,000.In the first two weeks after starting business in Shanghai, the Gucci Store made as much as $100,000, a surprisingly large amount of money.9.Early on I realized that I was going to need some type of compass to guide me through the wilds of global culture.Early before that/ From the very beginning I realized I was going to need some guidance that would lead me through the rich and wide variety of global cultures.10.The penitence may have been Jewish, but the aspiration was universal.The way of expressing repentance may have been characteristic of the Jews, but the desire for forgiveness from God was common to people of all cultures.1.Pianos and models, Paris, Vienna and Berlin, masters and mistresses, are not needed by writer.Unlike a pianist or a painter who must have a piano or hire models, or visit famous cities like Paris, Vienna and Berlin, or to be taught by masters and mistresses, a writer does not need all this.2.she would have plucked the heart out of my writing.Those conventional attitudes and beliefs( represented by the Angel) would have taken away the essence/ soul of my writing.3.Thus, whenever I felt the shadow of her wing or the radiance of her halo upon my page, I took up the inkpot and flung it at her. Thus whenever I felt the influence of traditional Victorian values and attitudes( about gender roles) on my writing, I fought back with all my power.4.For though men sensibly allow themselves great freedom in these respects, I doubt that they realize or can control the extreme severity with which they condemn such freedom in women.This is because, even though men readily allow themselves full freedom in speaking or writing about such as the body and passions, I don’t think they realize how severely they condemn or can control their extremely severe condemnation of, such freedom in women.5.Indeed it will be a long time still, I think, before a woman can sit down to write a book without finding a phantom to be slain, a rock to be dashed against.No doubt, it will still take a long time, as I believe, before women are finally able to enjoy the freedom of writing without having to fight those conventional values, beliefs and prejudices that are unfavorable to them.6.Even when the path is nominally open- when there is nothing to prevent a woman from being a doctor, a lawyer, a civil servant -there are many phantoms and obstacles, as I believe, looming in her way.Even though the path is now open to women in name only, when they have the freedom to choose to be a doctor, a lawyer, a civil servant, I believe that there still exist many false ideas and obstacles to impede a woman’s progress.7.You have won rooms of your own in the house hitherto exclusively owned by men.By fighting against the Angel in the House and through your painstaking efforts, you have gained a position and some freedom in a society which has so far been dominated by men.1.It took me a long time and much painful boomeranging of my expectations to achieve a realization everyone elseappears to have been born with: that I am nobody but myself.It took me a long time to get rid of illusions and realize the simple and apparent truth that I am nobody but myself. It was a painful process. I started with high expectations only to be deeply disappointed and thoroughly disillusioned.2.And yet I am no freak of nature, nor of history. I was in the cards, other things having been equal (or unequal) 85 years ago. I am perfectly normal physically and I am a natural product of history; my growth reflects history. When things seemed likely to happen to me, other things has been equal (or unequal) 85 years ago.3.About eighty-five years ago they were told that they were free, united with others of our country in everything pertaining to the common good, and in everything social, separate like the fingers of the hand.About 85 years ago, they were told that they were freed from slavery and became united with the white people in all the essential things having to do with the common interests of our country, but in social life the blacks and whites still remain separated.4.In those pre-invisible days I visualized myself as a potential Booker T. Washington.In those days before I realized I was an invisible man, I imagined that I would become a successful man like Booker T. Washington.5.I wanted at one and the same time to run from the room, to sink through the floor, or go to her and cover her from my eyes of the others with my body; to feel the soft thighs, to caress her and destroy her, to love her and murder her.On the one hand, I felt so embarrassed that I wanted to run away from the ballroom. On the other hand I took pity on the girl and so wanted to protect the naked girl from the eyes of the other men. I wanted to love her tenderly because she was an attractive girl, but at the same time I wanted to destroy her because after all she was the immediate cause of our embarrassment.6.Should I try to win against the voice out there? Would not this go against my speech, and was not this a moment for humility, for nonresistance?If I should try my best and win the fight, then I would be winning against the bet of that white man, who shouted “I got my money on the big boy. " In that case I would not behave with humility, and yet my speech talked about humility as the essence of success. So maybe I should let that big boy win without putting up resistance, for this was time for me to show humility. 7. “ Cast down your bucket where you are” - cast it down in making friends in every manly way of the people of all races by whom we are surrounded.Make full use of what you have and do the best you can. Take this attitude in making friends in every honorable way, making friends with people of different races among whom we live.8.“You weren't being smart, were you, boy?" "We mean to do right by you, but you've got to know your place at all times.”You were not trying to seem clever in a disrespectful way, were you, boy? We intend to do the right thing by setting you up as role model, but you must never forget who you are.1. And I was conscious of his superiority in a way which was embarrassing and led to trouble.I knew that Oppenheimer was a man of great talent his way of showing his talent at seminars caused uneasiness and resentment among people, especially among his fellow students.2.This did not seem to be the sort of anecdote that would go over especially well at a conference devotes to poetry.Since those attending the conference were people devoted to poetry, such an anecdote, though interesting, might not be appreciated by the audience.3.Pitted against these excellent reasons for my not going to the conference were two others that finally carried the day. These were two reasons for my going to the conference ser against the reasons for my not going and they became decisive in my final decision.4.He is, for me, one of those people whose writing about their writing is more interesting than their writing itself. According to my view, Spender belongs to the group whose writings about their lives, experiences that is whose autobiographies, are more interesting than their literary works.5.Auden’s Dirac-like lucidity, the sheer wonder of the language, and the sense of fun about serious things …Were to me irresistible. Like Dirac, Auden was outstanding in clarity. He was also outstanding in the powerful use of the language and the sense of fun about serious issues. All these greatly fascinated me.6.Spender’s journal entry on his visit is fascinating both for what it says and for what it does not say.Spender’s record of this visit is interesting not only because of the things he mentions but also because of the things he doesn’t say.7.Oppenheimer appears in Spender’s journal as a disembodied figure with no contextual relevance to Spender’s own life. In his book Spender fails to give a connected, complete picture of Oppenheimer and does nit mention that Oppenheimer’s background and situation has quite a lot to do with Spender.8.The real thing was much better.The real person looked much better than the pictures.9.One probably should not read too much into appearance.Maybe one should not attach too much importance to appearance.10. He had outlived them all, but was still under their shadow, especially that of Auden…He had lived longer than any of his more famous friends but traces or influences of these friends, especially those of Auden, could still be found on him.1. Your imagination comes to life, and this, you think,is where Creation was begun.The landscape makes your imagination vivid and lifelike, and you believe that the creation of the whole universe was begun right here.2.But warfare for the Kiowas was preeminently a matter of disposition rather than of survival, and they never understood the grim ,unrelenting advance of the U.S. Cavalry.The Kiowas often fought just because they were good warriors, because they fought out of habit, character, nature, not because they needed extra lands or material gains for the sake of surviving and thriving. And they could not understand why the U.S. Cavalry never gave up pushing forward even when they had won a battle.3.My grandmother was spared the humiliation of those high gray walls by eight or ten years.Luckily my grandmother did not suffer the humiliation of being put into a closure for holding animals, for she was born eight or ten years after the event.4. It was a long journey toward dawn, and it led to a golden age.They moved toward the east, where the sun rises, and also toward the beginning of a new culture, which led to the treatest moment of their history.5.They acquired horses, and their ancient nomadic spirit was suddenly free of the ground.Now they got horses. Riding on horseback, instead of walking on football, gave them this new freedom of movement, thus completely liberating their ancient nomadic spirit.6.From one point of view, their migration was the fruits of an old prophecy, for indeed they emerged from a sunless world. In a sense, their migration confirmed the ancient myth that they entered the world from a hollow log, for they did emerge from the sunless world of the mountains.7.The Kiowas reckoned their stature by the distance they could see, and they were bent and blind in the wilderness.Their stature was measured by the distance they could see. Yet, because of the dense forests, they could not see very far, and they could hardly stand straight.8.Clusters of trees and animals grazing far in the distance cause the vision to reach away and wonder to build upon the mind. The earth unfolds and the limit of the land is far in the distance, where there are clusters of trees and animals eating grass. This landscape makes one see far and broadens one's horizon.9. Not yet would they veer southward to the caldron of the land that lay below;they must wean their blood from the northern winter and hold the mountains a while longer in their view.They would not yet change the direction southward to the land lying below which was like a large kettle. First they must give their bodies some time to get used to the plains. Secondly, they did not want to lose sight of the mountains so soon.10.I was never sure that I had the right to hear, so exclusive were they of all merely custom and company.I was not sure that I had any right to overhear her praying, which did not follow any customary way of praying, add which I guess she did not want anyone else to hear.11. Transported so in the dancing light among the shadows of her room she seemed beyond the reach of time. But that was illusion; I think I knew then that I should not see her again.In this way she was entranced in the dancing light among the shadows of her room, and she seemed to be timeless(what sh represented would last forever)12.The women might indulge themselves; gossip was at once the mark and compensation of their servitude.On these special occasions, women might make loud and elaborate jokes and talk among themselves. Their gossip revaeled their position as servants of men and a reward for their servitude.。
精读3paraphrase
Unit11.He ... was seeing his world shrink and his options narrow.He ... was beginning to realize that his world was getting smaller and his choices fewer.1.however, these matters are questioned and in some cases rebelled against however, people often have doubts about these matters and sometimes oppose them1.people from a variety of ethnic backgroundspeople from many different races1.In addition to affirming personal values...Besides strengthening their personal values..3. Yet, there was always in me…… somewhere else.Paraphrase: However, I always felt that I should pay a visit to some other places.6. I wandered the world through books.Paraphrase: I learned many aspects of the world by reading books.13. One poem committed to memory……in my mind.Paraphrase: I still remember one poem I learned in grade school.15. Perhaps only a truly discontented child……as I was.Paraphrase: Perhaps only a child who is truly dissatisfied with the reality can be attracted by books as I was.16. Perhaps restlessness is a necessary corollary of devoted literacy. Paraphrase: Perhaps if a person really devotes himself or herself to reading and writing, he or she is bound to be restless.2）by the lure of what……normal childhood.Paraphrase: by the power of attracting which was an instinctive and normal thing to any child at my age21. But the best part of me……and bring them to life.Paraphrase: But the best part ……at home: But my most unforgettable memory was always at home……22. In books I have traveled……but into my own.Paraphrase: While reading books, I have not only traveled to different places in the world, but roamed around my own inner world.24. There was waking, …… was never really a stranger.Paraphrase: Between the tome I woke up and the tome I went to sleep, I just read books, which is a parallel universe to me. And in this universe, I might be a newcomer, but was never a stranger.25. My real, true world. My perfect island.Paraphrase: To me, these books were a real, true world, as well as a perfect island on which I preferred to stay.5) …as though she was starving and the book was bread.Paraphrase: Jamaica Kincaid was reading books with great eagerness, as if the books were her food.27. Reading has always been my home,…… invincible companion. Paraphrase: Reading has always given me joy and comfort, food and drink, and strength and companionship.30. I realized that while my satisfaction…… book it happened to be. Paraphrase: I realized that while my joy in reading had not weakened a bit, the world was just as blind or hostile to my joy as my girlfriends had been who had banged on our screen door or had begged me to put down the books which were called "stupid books" by them no matter what books they belonged to.39. Reading for pleasure,……from place to place.Paraphrase: some people did not believe that there was such a thing as reading for pleasure driven by astrong desire from the heart, They regarded it as an idle, aimless, meaningless occupation just like driving from place to place aimlessly on the subway.40. For many years I worked……of problems to be addressed.Paraphrase: I worked in the circle of newspaper for many years. For many journalists, reading in the latter half of the twentieth century was usually discussed as a lot of problems to be resolved.42. Had television and the movies supplanted books?Paraphrase: Had books given way to televisions and the movies ? orHad books been replaced by televisions and the movies?43. And in circles devoted to……surrounding discussion of reading.Paraphrase: When literary critics discussed the problem of reading in their circles, they sometimes showed the terrible attitude that reading was a right that only belonged to the elite, not to be shared with other people.53. We are the people who……went out of print.Paraphrase: We are the people who would make sure that Pride and Prejudice would always be available.54. It was still in the equivalent of ……one another.Paraphrase: We still found each other like we did when we were young56. "Until I fea red I would lose it,…… To Kill a Mockingbird.Paraphrase: We often say that the starving know the value of food and the man dying of thirst knows the value of water.Unit21. I wandered the world through books.Paraphrase: I learned many aspects of the world by reading books.2. One poem committed to memory……in my mind.Paraphrase: I still remember one poem I learned in grade school.3. Perhaps only a truly discontented child……as I was.Paraphrase: Perhaps only a child who is truly dissatisfied with the reality can be attracted by books as I was.4. Perhaps restlessness is a necessary corollary of devoted literacy. Paraphrase: Perhaps if a person really devotes himself or herself to reading and writing, he or she is bound to be restless.5. by the lure of what……normal childhood.Paraphrase: by the power of attracting which was an instinctive and normal thing to any child at my age6. But the best part of me……and bring them to life.Paraphrase: But the best part ……at home: But my most unforgettable memo ry was always at home……7. In books I have traveled……but into my own.Paraphrase: While reading books, I have not only traveled to different places in the world, but roamed around my own inner world.8. There was waking, …… was never really a stranger.Paraphrase: Between the tome I woke up and the tome I went to sleep, I just read books, which is a parallel universe to me. And in this universe, I might bea newcomer, but was never a stranger.9. My real, true world. My perfect island.Paraphrase: To me, these books were a real, true world, as well as a perfect island on which I preferred to stay.10. …as though she was starving and the book was bread.Paraphrase: Jamaica Kincaid was reading books with great eagerness, as if the books were her food.11. Reading has always been my home,…… invincible companion. Paraphrase: Reading has always given me joy and comfort, food and drink, and strength and companionship.12. and come outside …… in their separateness.Paraphrase: and come into contact with the reality, who think themselves superior to others and feel shame to be friends with them.13. For many years I worked……of problems to be addressed.Paraphrase: I worked in the circle of newspaper for many years. For many journalists, reading in the latter half of the twentieth century was usually discussed as a lot of problems to be resolved.14. Reading for pleasure,……from place to place.Paraphrase: some people did not believe that there was such a thing as reading for pleasure driven by a strong desire from the heart, They regarded it as an idle, aimless, meaningless occupation just like driving from place to place aimlessly on the subway.15. Had television and the movies supplanted books?Paraphrase: Had books given way to televisions and the movies ? orHad books been replaced by televisions and the movies?16. And in circles devoted to……surrounding discussion of reading.Paraphrase: When literary critics discussed the problem of reading in their circles, they sometimes showed the terrible attitude that reading was a right that only belonged to the elite, not to be shared with other people. ( If we say some people have certain exclusive rights, it means these rights are exclusive to these people, not shared with anybody else. )17. We are the people who……went out of print.Paraphrase: We are the people who would make sure that Pride and Prejudice would always be available.18. It was still in the equivalent of ……one another.Paraphrase: We still found each other like we did when we were youngUnit41.…done his business like a dog at the road side,……Paraphrase: He had emptied his bowels or passed water (urinated) like a dogat the roadside,……2.got scant thanks :Paraphrase: He seldom expressed his thanks to the people who had offered him some food3.They were not quite sure…… Now he was back at his home.Paraphrase: Some were mad about wealth; some thirsted for power; some were crazy about sex……4.they amused himParaphrase: These mad or insane people made him think that they were all ridiculous.5.He thought everybody lived……anxiously.Paraphrase: He thought that our life is too complicated, too costly, and gives us too much pressure.He argued that we should simplify our life.6.He was not the first to inhabit…out of principle.Paraphrase: He was not the first to live in a cask. But he was the first who ever did so because he wanted to, not by necessity, not beingforced to . He based it on aprinciple.7.But he taught chief by example.Paraphrase: Diogenes also taught by talking to people, but he mainly taught by setting an example for others to learn from.8. They possess him. He is their slave.Paraphrase: All those material things dominate his life. He has to succumb tothem.9. In order to procure a quantity of……, his own independence.Paraphrase: In order to get a certain amount of material property or worldly possessions which actually have no value and will not last, he hasallowed himself to be controlled by these things and has given awayhis own independence which is the only thing that is true and canlast.10. Not so DiogenesParaphrase: However, Diogenes was not such a person.11. His life's aim was clear to him:…… and to imprint it with its true values.Paraphrase: Diogenes is using the analogy of" to restamp the currency" to meanthe change of human values. Human life, in his opinion, is like clean metal, but marked with false values, and it is his intention to wipe out the false markings and print true values on it.12. Diogenes answered "I'm trying to find a man."Paraphrase: He actually meant that all people he could see were only half-men.Here the word "man" means a true man by Diogenes' standard.13. And so he lived……Paraphrase: And that was how he lived……14. Only twenty, Alexander was far older and……restrained and chivalrous.Paraphrase: Alexander looked far older than a man of his age normally does, and was much wiserthan man of his age normally is.15. asmazed silence: ( transferred epithet) It is of course “ the people” who werea mazed, not “silence”Paraphrase: There were the people who were amazed, but remained silent. 16. But Alexander meant it ：Paraphrase: But Alexander really meant what he had said.17. He knew that of all men then alive……the beggar were free.Paraphrase: Alexander knew that of all the people alive at that time, he was free because he had absolute power and Diogenes was freebecause he didn’t need any power.Unit51．There was once a town……in harmony with its surroundings.Paraphrase: Once upon a time there was a town in the central part of America where all living things seemed to exist peacefully with theirenvironment.2. Then some evil spell settled on the community:……but even among children. Paraphrase: Then, as by some evil power, disaster struck the community: strange diseases quickly struck down large numbers of children; the cattle andsheep became ill and died.3. On the mornings that had once throbbed with……there was now no sound….Paraphrase: The morning air used to vibrate with the singing of birds, but there was now no sound….4. … a harsh reality we all shall know.Paraphrase: … some serious consequence that we all have to face.5. … the physical form and the habits of the earth’s vegetation…by the environment. Paraphrase: … the physical features and habits of the living things on earth have beenGreatly shaped by their surroundings.6. … but it has changed in character.Paraphrase: … but the nature of this power to alter the environment has changed.7.This pollution is for the most irrecoverable.Paraphrase: In most case, the polluted air, soil, rivers and the sea cannot be restored to their original natural state.8.Or they pass mysteriously……from once pure wells.Paraphrase: Or they get deeper into underground streams, undergosome chemical processes somewhere, and then become new substancesthat contaminate wells, kill plants and make cattles as well aspeople that drink the water sick.9.Given time---time not in years……a balance has been reached.Paraphrase: When the environment changes, living things can adapt to their new surroundings, but it is a long process and it takes thousands ofyears for life to be in harmony with their modified world again.10.B ut in the modern world there is no time.Paraphrase: But in the modern world when man’s power to tamper with nature has become so great and he is so eager to change nature forshort-term benefits, he does not think of the long-term interestof his own species.11.T he rapidity of change follows…… deliberate pace of nature.Paraphrase: Man is changing nature rapidly while nature adjusts to the changes slowly.Therefore adjustment can never keep up with change, and a new balancebetween living things and their environment can hardly be reached.12.R adiation is now the unnatural creation of man’s tampering with the atom.Paraphrase: In the past, radiation was only sent out from radioactive substances in certain rocks; today man creates such harmful raysby causing the nucleus of the atom of such substances as radiumto split13.T he chemicals are the synthetic c reation of man’s tampering with the atom.Paraphrase: Nature dose not produce such things as chemicals. Chemicals are man-made and the results of man’s creative power.14.A nd even this,……in an endless stream;….Paraphrase: It would take some magic power to make living things adjust to these chemicals in the life of generations. Even if this were possible,it would be useless, because new chemicals are continuously beingcreated and produced.15.…find their way into actual use:Paraphrase: …manage to enter the mar ket and be sold to farmers.16.d escribed as “ pests”Paraphrase: referred to as destructive insects17.…all this though the intended target……weeds or insects.Paraphrase: …all these serious consequences come about perhaps just because man wants to destroy a few weeds or insects.18.C an anyone believe it is possible……but “ biocides”.Paraphrase: Such number of poisons stored on the surface of the earth will surelly make it unfit for all living things. (This is a rehtoricalquestion )19.T hus the chemical war is never won,……in its violent crossfire.Paraphrase: Therefore, this fight between man and pests wil never come to an end, and all living things are affected by or fall victom to thischemical war.20.b rought the threat of disease and death even to their own kind…Paraphrase: brought the threat of disease and death even to huamn beings themselves…21.N ature has introduced……checks and balances.Paraphrase: Nature keeps living things in proportion, regulating their number through the check and balance mechanisms of itself.(In otherwords, when the population of one species is too big/ small, Naturehas a way of making it decrease/ increase.)22.S uch a system set the stage for……insect population.Paraphrase: Such a way of farming creates favorable conditions for the rapid increase of particular insects.23.I n new territory,……in its native land,…Paraphrase: In new territory, since there are no natural enemies as those that did not allow it to multiply or grow too rapidly in their native land,……24.T hus it is no accident that ……are intr oduced species.Paraphrase: That’s why the most trouble-making insects in this country are not native but introduced, which is not accidental at all.25.t he explosive power of outbreaks and new invasionsParaphrase: the power of insects to multiply/breed in large numbers suddenly and quickly and their power to invade new territories26.W e have subjected enormous numbers of people to……without their knowledge.Paraphrase: By spraying insecticides on food grains, vegetables and fruit, we have caused large number of people to absorb harmful chemicalswithout asking whether they would like to do so and often withouttheir knowing it.Unit81.… for children who were now gray with age.Paraphrase: … for children who now became old people with gray hair.2. Through all this she lay in bed but moved across time.Paraphrase: While doing all this job, she lay in bed but her mind wandered across the past time.3.… traveling among the dead decades…the gift of physical science.Paraphrase: …traveling among the past decades mentally so quickly and easilythat no physical science would be able to manage to do it.4.She gazed at this improbably overgrown figure ……and promptly dismissed it. Paraphrase: She looked steadily at me and could not recognize me because I was much too big for the son in her memory. She simply couldnot imagine the distant future whenher little Russel would be that tall and big. Therefore sheimmediately put that thought out of her mind.5. That day she was a young cou ntry wife…… to be her father.Paraphrase: That day she was a young country wife in the backyard behind the apple orchard, from which she could see the hazy blue Virginiamountains. She could not associate this stranger old enough tobe her father with her son who was only as tall as two feet fromthe floor at that time.6. It was an awkward question with which to be awakened.Paraphrase: I was awakened so early in the morning by such an awkwardquestion.7. “I’m being buried today,” ……announcing an important social event.Paraphrase: “I’m going to be buried today.” she said quickly, as if announcing an important social event.8.I thought of a doll with huge, fierce eyes.Paraphrase: Her small and delicate figure reminded me of a doll with very big but intense eyes.9. There had always been a fierceness in her.Paraphrase: Whatever she did, she did it determinedly, with great andunyielding effort.10. It showed in that angry challenging thrust of the chin when she issuedan opinion, and a great one she had always been for issuing opinions.Paraphrase: This character trait of her was shown when she expressed an opinion.She would stick out her chin in an angry and defiant air.Whenever she had something to say, she would say it, neverafraid of speaking her mind out.11. “It’s not always good policy……I used to caution her.Paraphrase: “It’s not always wise to tell people your opinions.” I used to warn her.11.“If they don’t like it, that’s too bad,”……“because that’s the way I am.”Paraphrase : “If they don’t like the way I talk, I can do nothing about it.”That was her constant answer because it was her usual way ofdealing with sb or something.12.She had hurled herself at life……always on the run.Paraphrase: Whatever she did (housework, raising children, etc.), she did it with great effort and speed, so she seemed to be alwaysrunning.13. determined on a beheading that would put dinner in the potParaphrase: determined to kill a chicken and cook it for dinner14. For a time I could not accept the inevitable.Paraphrase: For a period of time I could hardly believe such a strong and formidable person as my mother had become a helpless invalid, andI simply couldn’t face this fact.15. As I sat by her bed, my impulse was to argue her back to reality.Paraphrase: When I sat by her hospital bed, I had a strong desire to get her to face her present conditions and not to think at length about herglories in the past.16. “Russell’s way out west,” she advised me.Paraphrase: “ Russell’s not around. He’s far away in the west,” she told me.17. So it went until a doctor came by……Then a surprise.Paraphrase: The conversation went on like this until a doctor came by to giveher one of those oral quizzes that the medical workers usuallyapply to the patients like her. She failed this oral quiz, orgave wrong answers or answered none of the quiz questions.However, her answer to one of the questions surprised all ofus.18.I see no reason why gunpowder treason should ever be forgot.Paraphrase: I hold that we have no reason to forget the plot of GunpowderTreason.19.Then doctors diagnosed an hopeless senility or hardening of thearteries.Paraphrase: Then doctors concluded that my mother was behaving in a confused way simply because she was getting old, or her arteries werebecoming hard.It was an inevitable consequence of aging, and theycould do little about it.20. For ten years or more the ferocity……that too much age had brought her.Paraphrase: Throughout her life, Russell Baker’s mother had fiercely fought numerous difficulties she encountered. About ten years or more ago,she began to suffer physical and psychological problems of aging,which she couldn’t tackle, and she became angry with this situation.20.Now, after the last bad fall, she……in which she ws needed.Paraphrase: Now, after her last bad fall, she seemed to have found a way of escaping from her present life by reminiscing her good, old dayswhen she was loved and needed.21.…I…had written herwith some banal advice……with her miseries.Paraphrase: In a letter I had advised her to make a special effort toappreciate good things in her life and not to worry those who cameto see her by complaining about her unhappiness and suffering.22. I suppose what it really amounted to was a th reat that…….Paraphrase: I think this “advice” was actually a warning that…….23. This one was written out of a childish faith……to recharge a flagging spirit.Paraphrase: I wrote this letter naively believing that parents’ strength would never drain away, and aging as well as declining health could beovercome by a strong will, and that words of encouragement wouldfill a tired and weak person with strength and energy again. 24. She wrote back in an unusually cheey vein……that she was mending her way. Paraphrase: She answered the letter cheerfully, which was very unusual. I think she wanted to show that she was acting on my advice and wasimproving.25. I soon stopped trying to argue her back……into the past.Paraphrase: Soon I stopped trying to persuade her to accept what I considered the real world and tried to help her to recall those marvellousmoments of happy life in the past.26.……and the future stretched before it in beams of crystal sunlight.Paraphrase: ……and the bright future spread out or extended before the US./ The US would have boundless prospects.27.……if I had been able to step into my mother’s time machine.Paraphrase: ……if I had been able to travel to all those past times together withmy mother.28. A world had lived and died,……the w orld of the pharaohs.Paraphrase: The world my mother lived in when she was young was now past.Though I was closely related to that world , I knew as little aboutit as I knew about the ancient Egypt.29. The orbits of her mind touched the present interrogators for more than amoment.Paraphrase: She could hardly respond relevantly to questions put to her at present because her mind constantly wandering to certain pastphases of her life.30. Sitting at her bedside, forever out of touch with her……Paraphrase: Although I was sitting at her bedside, very close to her physically,I never knew what she was thinking or talking about .31. ……when age finally stirs their curiosity there is no parent left to tell them.Paraphrase: ……when they become old and want to learn about their parents’past, both theirparents are gone.32. If a parent does lift the curtain a bit,…… how much harder life was in the olddays.Paraphrase: If a parent tells the children something about his or her past, it often turns out to be a moral lesson about how life was for him orher, which does not make sense to the children.34. …… a son had offened me with an inadequate report card.Paraphrase: ……a son had made me angr y because his report card showed that he had not done very well at school.35. ……he gazed at me with an expression……how it was in your day, Dad.”Paraphrase: ……he looked at his father steadily, looking calm, seemingly ready to accept what his father wou ld say though he knew he wouldn’t beconvinced. The boy knew what was coming. He hated being lecturedon, but he knew there was nothing he could do about it. He had tolet it happen. So he had a look of resignation that was hard todescribe.36. Instinctively, I wanted to break free, and cease being a creature defined byher time.Paraphrase: When my mother was young, I was her future. But I didn’t like it.I wanted to be free and independent. I wanted to live my own lifeand did not to live my life by my mother’s standards.37. These hopeless end-of-the-line visits with my mother……my own past so carelessly.Paraphrase：Those last visits made me wish I had valued my past more, and had paid more attention to the world she represented. (The visits werehopeless because they did not mean anything to my mother. She wasnot going to recover. And she did not even know I was there.)38. We all come from the past, …… from diaper to shroud.Paraphrase: We all come from the past, and children ought to know what made them what they are today. They ought to know that life is a continuousprocess. Humanity is lke a cord made of many people starting from along time past continuing to the present day. We should all cherish ourroots, our heritage.Unit91.In some respects, globalization is merely a trendy word for an old process.Paraphrase: To some extent, globalization is not new. The world has always been in the process of market expansion. What is new is the term"globalization", which became fashionable only recently.2.Europeans saw economic unification as an antidote to deadly nationalism.Paraphrase: Europeans regarded economic unification as a way to prevent nationalism.3. A decade later, even after Asia's 1997-98 financial crisis, private capital flowsdwarf governmental flows.Paraphrase：Ten years later, even after Asia's financial crisis of 1997-98, private capital flows are still greater in number than governmentalcapital flows.4. The recent takeover struggle between British and German wireless giants is exceptional only for its size and bitterness.Paraphrase: The only difference between the recent takeover struggle between British and German radio giants and other cases is that this takeoveris much bigger and a lot more bitter.5. Behind the merger boom lies the growing corporate conviction that many markets have become truly global.Paraphrase: The reason for the merger boom is that more and more business people now believe that many markets have truly become global. They are nolonger producing just for the people in their own country. They want tocombine or merge with others to become multinational companies. 6. In Europe, the relentless pursuit of the single market is one indicator. This reflects a widespread recognition that European companies will be hard-pressed to compete in global markets if their local operations are hamstrung by fragmented national markets.Paraphrase：In Europe, the persistent and unremitting effort to turn all countries on the continent into a single market shows that there is a generalagreement that if the European market remains divided into many smallparts behind national borders, their companies will not be able tocompete in the international market.7. Among poorer countries, the best sign of support is the clamor to get into the World Trade Organization ... And 32 are seeking membership. Paraphrase: Many poorer countries want to join the World Trade Organization. This shows that they support globalization.8. Despite its financial crisis, rapid trade expansion and economic growth sharply cut the number of the desperately poor.Paraphrase: In spite of the financial crisis, rapid increase of trade and economic growth drastically reduced the number of the very poor people.9.Meanwhile, Latin America and sub-Saharan Africa--whose embrace of theworld economy has been late or limited--fared much less well.Paraphrase: Meanwhile, Latin America and sub-Saharan Africa, whose integration with the world economy has been late and limited, werenot so lucky.10. .... two problems could neutralize its potential benefits.Paraphrase: … two problems could offset the possible benefits11. The global economy may be prone to harsher boom-bust cycles than nationaleconomies individually.Paraphrase: Once integrated with the world market, nations will naturally be more vulnerable to the fluctuations of the world economy. Thecapital flows in and out a country, for example, can create a boomor bust very quickly and with much harsher effects.12. The Asian financial crisis raised questions on both counts.Paraphrase：The Asian financial crisis brought these two questions to people's attention: investment funds were not well used and trade flowsbecame too lopsided.13. The ensuing spending boom in turn aided Europe, Japan, and the United Statesby increasing imports from them.Paraphrase: The growth in spending that followed helped Europe, Japan, and the United States by increasing imports from them.14. .... it became apparent that as a result of "crony capitalism", inept government policies and excess optimism, much of the investment had been wasted on unneeded factories, office buildings and apartments.Paraphrase: It became clear that because of the corruption in those countries。
现代大学英语精读3 paraphrase整理
1…identity is determined by genetic endowment…by chance events :Who we are is determined by three things: First, our genes,; second, environment, and third, opportunities.2.First, there is functional independence, which involves the...and determining their daily agenda : First, there is the ability to solve practical problems, for example, how to spend money wisely, how to choose their own clothes, and also involved how to make a list of what they are going to do everyday.3.Fourth is freedom from” excessive guilt, anxiety, mistrust, ...the mother and father” : Fourthly, the overdue feelings of guilt, worry, disbelief, obligation, restriction, complaint and rage reflect their emotional dependence on their parents, which should be got rid of to get the freedom.1.It was a wonder to me they’d want to be seen with such a windbag :It is a strange thing to me, why these noble men would stay with such a talkative person like him.2. An orderly riding by had told him, because the orderly knew how thick he was with Grant. :An officer’s message who passed by on horse told him that they had defeated enemy because he knew how close my father was with Grant.3. ”Oh,” she said, “it’s all right. Life is never dull when my man is about.”:“oh,” she said it’s not bad, life is never boring when my husband is around.4. For the first time I knew that I was the son of my father. He was a story teller as I was to be. : But the first time in my life I knew that I was like my father, he was a story teller that was what I was be become later.1.I am still just as ignorant for all your telling me :Though you have told me a lot, I still don’t know the names of the flowers.2.But now, as he spoke, that memory faded. His was the truer :But now, as he spoke, the memory of the ridiculous scene gradually disappeared. His memory seemed to be truer; they did have a good time that afternoon.3.And in the warmth, as it were, another memory unfolded :Another memory seemed to be stirred with the word of ”warmth”4.He had lost all that dreamy vagueness and indecision :He had become more mature than the younger days, when he used to be full of unpractical dreams and was unclear about his future career.5.Now he had the air of a man who has found his place in life :Now he looked like a man who has made a successful career.6.As he spoke,…she felt the strange beast that had slumbered so long…stare upon those places : When he spoke, she felt the long cherished wish in her heart began to revive, and she waited for this longingly and anxiously.7.Only I did desire, eventually, to turn into a magic…those lands you longed to see :Finally, the only thing I really wanted was to turn into a magic carpet and carry you wherever you urged to see.1.He had opened his eyes with the sun at dawn, scratched…like a dog at the roadside,… :In the morning he woke up with the sun rising, scratched, emptied his bowels or passed water like a dog at the roadside…2.Live without conventions, which are artificial and false; escape complexities and extravagances.: One should live without the conventions of society, since these are not genuine and fake, and one should also avoid the complexities and luxurious…3.They possess him. He is their slave…lasting good, his own independence :They control him. He is subject to them. In order to pursue a certain mount of material properties or worldly possessions which actually have no value and will not last, he has allowed himself to be controlled by these things and has given away his own independence which is the only thing that is true and can last.4.His life’s aim was clear to him: it was” to restamp the currency”…it with its true values :He has a definite living goal: it was” to restamp the currency”: human life is like a clean metal marked with false values, so his responsibility is to wipe out the old false marks and print true values on it.5.He was the man of the hour, of the century,… :He was the most important, powerful, or talked about the person of the time.1.onsidering the whole span of earthly time…has been relatively slight :Thinking of the long history of life on earth, the contrary effect of living thing: actually affect their environment has been insignificant as the compared with that of the environment on plant and animals.2.In this now universal contamination of the environment…the very nature of the world :In this now popular pollution of the environment, chemicals, along with radiation, are the most severely factors in changing the nature of the world.3.Radiation is now the unnatural creation of man’s tampering with…no counterparts in nature : Today man creates radiation by causing the nucleus of the atom of such substance as radium to split. The chemicals are manmade and the result of man’s creative power, it’s not produced by nature itself.4.And even this, were it by some miracle possible, would be futile :It would take some magic power to make living things adjust to these chemicals in the life of generations. Even if this were possible, it would be useless, because new chemicals are continuously being created and produced.5.These chemicals are now applied almost universally…leaves with a deadly film :Now these chemicals are almost popularly used in farms, gardens, forests, and homes, to kill the birds and fish, to cover the leaves with a thin layer of death-causing chemicals.6.They should not be called” insecticides,” but “biocides.” :As the chemicals destroy ”pests”as well as other living things, they should not be called ”insecticides”, but “biocides”.7.We have subjected enormous numbers of people…without their knowledge :By spraying insecticides on food grains, vegetables and fruit, we have caused large numbers of people to absorb take in harmful chemicals without asking whether they would like it or nor and often without their knowing it.1.All re important and must be reasonably satisfied…fulfill our biological destiny :All these basic needs are important and should be fulfilled reasonably if we are to achieve fate. 2.I italicize the need for power because…our lives seems uniquely human :The reason for me to italicize the need for power is that…the need for us to pursue power in our everyday life seems exclusively human.3.In fact, if it were not for the need for power,…is for the sake of power :In fact, without the need for power, our economy cannot sustain itself, as everything that we bought and sold, except for the basic necessities, is used to pursue for power.4.That their teachings have been largely accepted…in getting their message across :The fact that what they propagate is obviously served for their own interests, while this propaganda has been widely accepted, is evidence on how effective their propaganda machine is.5.Lower animals, whose behavior is essentially…are not involved with fun :As lower animals’ behaviors are mainly inborn and without ability of learning, they cannot feel the fun.6.My guess is that we will survive in direct proportion to how much we can learn :I suppose that the extent that we learn relates directly to our survivals.7.Amonmtomous task is always boring unless…when he was painting the fence :The tedious work will bore us if we cannot learn something in repeating our tasks, or make the thing we are doing competitive and social, which is just the case in Tom Sawyer’s painting the fence1.I’ve never heard the old battlefields like…and re-enact what happened there :I’ve never heard the old battlefields like Gettysburg and Chickamauga which asking me to walk over them and act what happened there again.2.Outnumbered and almost encircled, Lee considered his dwindling options :Enemies are outnumbered and we are almost encircled, lee considered his lessening choices.3,Grant, who had outraced his baggage wagon…tucked in muddy boots :Grant walked in front of his baggage wagon wearing his customary field uniform, his trousers were full of mud and were put into his muddy boots.4.Lee said after reading the terms, which,…simply let them all go home :After reading the terms, lee said these terms are not for hounding the enemy with reprisals but to let them all go home.5.When word of the surrender reached the nearby…cannon firing. Grant put an end to it :When news of e reached the union headquarters nearby it initiated a spree of cannon firing to celebrate Grant had put an end to the war.。
大学基础英语第三册重点句型paraphrase
大学基础英语第三册重点句型paraphraseParaphrase the underlined parts.10课1.What good is a house? No one needs privacy; natural acts are not shameful; weall do the same things, and need not hide them.What are the benefits of a house？2.He was the man of the hour, of the century; he was unanimously appointedcommander-in-chief of a new expedition against Asia.He is the hero of this era3.His life?s aim was clear to him: it was to restamp the currency: to take the clearmetal of human life, to erase the old false conventional markings and to imprint it with its true values.Change of human values and thinks human life is like clean metal but marked with false values, and it is his intention to wipe out the false markings and print true values on it.4.Nearly everyone crowded to Corinth in order to congratulate him, to seekemployment with him.To get a job by him5.He was the first who ever did so by choice, out of principle.For reasons of principle13课6.Through all this she lay in bed but moved across time, travelling among the deaddecades with a speed and ease beyond the gift of physical science.Traveling among the dead decades that were past and gone very quickly, so quickly and easily that no physical science would be able to do it.7.I had written her some banal advice to look for the silver lining, to count herblessings instead of burdening others with her miseries.Made her cheep up and had a thanksgiving heart8.She had hurled herself at life with an energy that made her seem always on therun.She threw herself into the life and the enthusiasm made her always looks busy.9.Now, after the last bad fall, she seemed to have broken chains that imprisoned herin a life she had come to hate and to return to a time inhabited by people who loved her, a time in which she was needed.She was suffering from an irrevocable disease4课10.Keeping to myself was my way of not forming attachments that I had to abandonthe next time we moved.I did not try to make friends because in that way I did not have to give up my friendship the next time I had to move.11.But between mouthfuls of tea and jam tart I learned all sorts of things from Mrs.Robertson-Glasgow.At that time I drank tea and eat jar tart12.I had been warned against going off with strangers, but somehow I sensed the oldwoman was harmless.My parents had given me notice of not going away with strangers.2课You hear it said that fathers want their sons to be what they feel they cannot themselves be, but I tell you it also works the other way around.It also true the other way around children has the same demand on their fathersFor the first time I knew that I was the son of my father. He was a storyteller as I was to be. 第二课4I was like my father, what I was be become later3课No matter what they said Dell stuck fast. So they made a deal: over summer vacation he would try to launch a computer company.Dell was stubborn. Dell was firm in his idea that he wanted to do the computer business. 13.“There?s too much of an entitlement attitude now a days,” he says. “…I deserve this?needs to be replaced with …I earned this?.”Most people think they have the legal right to resave something now14.People wanted low-cost machines custom-made to their needs and these were notreadily available.To pay a lower price to buy a pc which suit with their own needs, these were not come true1课15.Has it ever dawned on you that certain developmental changes will occur in youlife as you move from adolescence to young adulthood?Some developments will appear in your life.16.As they grow and reach young adulthood the way they relate to others changes.They keep a company with the opposite sex;17.All students should be aware of how they react to new knowledge and new waysof learning, how they process the knowledge presented to them, and how they organize this knowledge.How they deal with the knowledge in front of them.。
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Study the following sentences carefully and then paraphrase them in English:Unit One Your College Years1.… identity is determined by genetic endowment (what is inherited from parents),shaped by environment, and influenced by chance events. (2)Who we are is determined by three things: first, our genes, or what our parents have given us, our legacy; second, environment, and third, luck or opportunities.2.These religious, moral, and ethical values that are set during the college yearsoften last a lifetime. (7)These values that are established during the college years often last a lifetime. It is believed that our character or basic moral principles are formulated during this period of time.3.These are exciting times yet frustrating times. Probably nothing can make studentsfeel lower or higher emotionally than the way they are relating to whomever they are having a romantic relationship with.It is difficult for a college student to make a clear role of being a man or a woman in the future because they feel excited and confused about their sexual roles. They may feel happy and unhappy, without much hope for the future.4.Probably nothing can make students feel lower or higher emotionally than the waythey are relating to whomever they are having a romantic relationship with. (5) When students are in a romantic relationship with the opposite sex, they are most likely to feel unhappy or happy emotionally.5.It may be heightened by their choice to purse a college education. (3)If they choose to continue their education, they will face an even more serious struggle between the desire to be independent and the need to depend on the financial support of their parents.6.While students are going through an identity crisis, they are becomingindependent from their parents yet are probably still very dependent on them. This independence/dependence struggle is very much part of the later adolescence stage.They have been away from their parents and become independent, but somehow they can not be completely independent from their parents because they still need their parents to provide the money to support their life and study.Unit 3 A Dill Pickle1.She shivered, hearing the boatman's song break out again loud and tragic, andseeing…She was very sensitive to art and music and she felt excited as the man was describing the beautiful picture.2.… although at the time that letter nearly finished my life. I found… and I couldn'thelp laughing as I read it.To write such a break-up letter was very difficult for Vera. The letter reminded them of the heart-broken feeling and it finished both the man and the woman. But he trivialized the letter, and even mocked the letter, which hurt Vera deeply.3.His was the truer.That memory about the ridiculous scene gradually disappeared. After all, it was a wonderful afternoon. His memory was the truer one. They did have a good time on that whole afternoon.4.… she felt the strange beast that had slumbered so long within her bosom stir,stretch itself, yawn, prick up its ears, and suddenly bound to its feet, and fix its longing, hungry stare upon those faraway places.Her strong desire to go to those places held so long in her bosom now awoke. The desire became stronger and stronger. She was burst with her desire.5.He let it go at that.He didn't pursue the matter, showing once again how self-centered he was. Under normal circumstance, a man would be dying to know what had happened to the woman to force herself to part with her beloved piano.Unit 4 Diogenes and Alexander1.Live without conventions, which are artificial and false; escape complexities andextravagances: only so can you live a free life. (4)Only when you live without artificial and false conventions and avoid complex lives can you live a free life.2.In order to procure a quantity of false, perishable goods he has sold the only true,lasting good, his own independence. (4)People get only some false and easily spoiled material goods at the cost of their own everlasting independence.3.The other great philosophers of the fourth century B.C., such as Plato andAristotle, taught mainly their own private pupils. (6)Other Greek philosophers of the time, such as Plato and Aristotle, gave lessons only to their own pupils.4.Diogenes took his old cask and began to r oll it up and down. “When you are all sobusy,” he said, “ I feel I ought to do something!” (9)When the Corinthians were busy preparing for the coming war, Diogenes rolled his cask up and down to ridicule their silly behavior.Unit 5 Silent Spring1.There was once a town in the heart of America where all life seemed to live inharmony with its surroundings. (1)Once upon a time there was a town in the central part of America where all living things seemed to co-exist peacefully with their environment.2.In autumn, oak and maple and birch set up a blaze of color that flamed andflickered across a background of pines.In autumn, the oak, maple and birch trees turned yellow, red or brown, thus making a beautiful show of colors against the dark green of pine trees.3.The chemicals are the synthetic of man's inventive mind, creations having nocounterparts in nature.Nature does not produce such things as chemicals. They are man-made, the result of man's creative power.4.The whole process of spraying seems caught up in an endless spiral.The more insecticides are sprayed, the less effective they will become in destroying the “pests” then more deadly chemicals will be developed to kill them.This process will go on endlessly.5.Nature has introduced great variety into the landscape and holds the species withinbounds by the built-in checks and balances.Nature keeps living things in proportion, regulating their number through the check and balance mechanisms of itself.Unit 8 In My Day1. She gazed at this improbably overgrown figure out of an inconceivable futureand promptly dismissed it. (Para.4)She looked steadily at me and could not recognize me because I was much too big for the son in her mind. She simply could not imagine the distant future when her little Russell would be that tall and big. Therefore, she immediately put that thought out of her mind.2.…she tripped on the stairs and tumbled down, ending at the bottom in the debrisof giblets, hot gravy,and battered turkey. (para. 15)As she was running upstairs with the turkey, she stumbled, fell down, and landed at the bottom of the stairs. The turkey flew from her platter to the ground, with its giblets, hot gravy all over the place.3.For ten years or more the ferocity with which she had once attacked life had beenturning to a rage against the weakness, the boredom, and the absence of love that too much age had brought her. (Para.32)For many years, she once attacked life with fieceness, but now it was gone. In its place was an uncontrollable anger. she was angry about her declining health, her boredom and her loneliness.4.I …had written her with some banal advice to look for the silver lining, to counther blessings instead of burdening others with her miseries. (Para.33)In a letter I had advised her to make a special effort to appreciate the good things in her life and not to worry those who came to see her by complaining about her unhappiness and suffering.5.If a parent does lift the curtain a bit, it is often only to stun the young with someexemplary tale of how much harder life was in the old days. (Para.40)If a parent tells the children something about his or her past, it often turns out to be a moral lesson about how hard life was for him or her, which does not make sense to the children.6.Instinctively, I wanted to break free, and cease being a creature defined by hertime. (Para.48)When my mother was young, I was her future. But I didn’t like it. I wanted to be free and independent. I wanted to live my own life and did not want to live my life by my mother’s standards.7. We all come from the past, and children ought to know what it was that went intotheir making...（Para. 49）We all come from the past, and children ought to know what it was that went into their making…We all come from the past, and children ought to know what made them what they are today, to know that life is a continuous process, it is like a human cord made of many people starting from a long time past continuing to the present day, a nd it can not be separated or understood just by one person’s life.。