最新药学英语名词解释整理
药学英语名词解释整理(3)
药学英语名词解释整理(3)药学英语名词解释整理18. 最小有效量/最小有效浓度(minimal effective dose/concentration):引起效应的最小药量或最小药物浓度,即阈剂量或阈浓度。
19. 治疗量(常用量,therapeutic dose)比最小有效量大比最小中毒量小得多的量20. 极量(最大治疗量 maximal dose)疗效最大的剂量21. 最小中毒量:出现中毒症状的最小剂量。
22. 量反应:效应强弱随剂量增减呈连续性量的变化;形成足直型曲线。
23. 质反应:药理效应随剂量表现为反应性质变。
用阳性率或阴性率表示效应。
形成S型曲线。
24. 半数有效量(ED50):量反应中能引起50%最大效应强度的药量;质反应中引起50%实验对象出现阳性反应的药量。
(尽可能小则好)25. 半数致死量(LD50):引起50%实验对象死亡的药量。
(尽可能大则好)26. 治疗指数(therapeutic index/TI):以药物LD50与ED50的比值来表示药物的安全性。
一般TI值大于3称药物安全。
27. 最大效应(Emax)/效能(efficacy):药理效应达到的不再随剂量或浓度的增加而增强的极限效应。
28. 效价强度(potency):引起等效应的相对浓度或剂量。
剂量越小,效价强度越大。
(亲和力:药物与受体结合的能力。
内在活性:药物与受体结合时发生效应的能力。
)29. 激动药(agonist):既有亲和力又有内在活性的药物,能与受体结合并激动受体产生效应。
30. 部分激动药:较强的亲和力但内在活性不强(α<1)。
特点:只引起较弱的激动效应,增加浓度也达不到Emax;31. 拮抗药(antagonist):有较强的亲和力而无内在活性(α=0)的药物,与受体结合不激动受体,反因占据受体而拮抗激动药效应。
32. 竞争性拮抗药:可逆性地与激动药竞争相同的受体;增加激动药的浓度可与拮抗药竞争结合部位,可使激动药量效曲线平行右移,但斜率和最大效应不变。
药学常见的英文名词解释
药学常见的英文名词解释导语:药学是研究药物的性质、制备、性能评价、临床应用以及药物的副作用等方面的学科。
在药学领域中,有许多常见的英文名词需要解释。
本文将对其中一些常见的名词进行解释,以帮助读者更好地理解药学知识。
一、Active ingredient(活性成分)活性成分是指药物中能够对人体产生治疗作用的化学物质。
药物的活性成分通常是通过药物的提取、合成或者其他方法制备而成。
例如,阿司匹林的活性成分是乙酰水杨酸。
二、Drug delivery system(药物给药系统)药物给药系统是指药物在进入人体后发挥作用的方式和途径。
药物可以通过口服、注射、贴剂等多种途径给予患者。
药物给药系统的选择与药物的性质、患者的病情以及治疗需求等因素有关。
三、Pharmacokinetics(药物动力学)药物动力学是研究药物在人体内的吸收、分布、代谢和排泄过程的科学。
了解药物动力学可以帮助我们更好地理解药物在体内的作用和影响。
药物动力学涉及到吸收速度、生物利用度、药物的分布范围以及半衰期等参数。
四、Pharmacodynamics(药物动力学)药物动力学是研究药物在体内的生理和生化作用的科学。
药物动力学研究药物与生物体的相互作用以及药物在分子水平上的作用机制。
通过研究药物的动力学原理,可以预测药物在人体内的药效和副作用。
五、Adverse drug reaction(药物不良反应)药物不良反应是指在正常使用或治疗范围内,药物对人体产生的有害的、非预期的反应。
药物不良反应可以包括过敏反应、中毒反应、药物相互作用等。
了解药物不良反应对于合理用药和提高药物安全性至关重要。
六、Pharmaceutical formulation(药物制剂)药物制剂是指将活性成分与辅料以一定比例混合,经过制备工艺制成的制剂形式,便于患者使用的药物形式。
药物制剂包括片剂、注射剂、栓剂、乳剂等。
药物制剂的选择将根据药物的性质和治疗的需要来确定。
药学英语词汇
药学英语词汇药学英语词汇是药学领域中不可或缺的一部分。
它涵盖了许多不同的概念和术语,涉及药物的研发、生产、管理和使用等方面。
下面将介绍一些常用的药学英语词汇,并对其进行拓展说明。
1. Pharmacology (药理学): The study of how drugs interact with the body and how they produce therapeutic effects or side effects.2. Pharmaceutical (制药的): Relating to the production, development, and sale of drugs.3. Pharmacokinetics (药物动力学): The study of drug absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion in the body.4. Pharmacodynamics (药物动力学): The study of how drugs exert their effects on the body at the cellular and molecular level.5. Drug formulation (药物制剂): The process of developing the most suitable form of a drug for administration, such as tablets, capsules, or injections.6. Clinical trial (临床试验): A research study that tests the safety andeffectiveness of a new drug or treatment in humans.7. Drug interaction (药物相互作用): The effects that occur when two or more drugs are taken together, which can alter their individual therapeutic effects or cause adverse reactions.8. Adverse drug reaction (药物不良反应): Any harmful or unintended response to a drug, which may range from mild to severe.9. Pharmacist (药剂师): A healthcare professional who is knowledgeable about drugs, their uses, and their potential side effects, and who dispenses medications to patients.10. Prescription (处方): A written order from a healthcare provider fora specific medication, including dosage instructions and duration of treatment.11. Over-the-counter (OTC) (非处方药): Medications that can be purchased without a prescription, typically used to treat minor ailments and symptoms.12. Generic drug (仿制药): A medication that is equivalent to a brand-namedrug in terms of active ingredients, dosage form, strength, and route of administration, but is usually less expensive.13. Drug resistance (药物抗性): The ability of microorganisms or cancer cells to survive and multiply despite the presence of a drug, making the treatment less effective.14. Pharmacovigilance (药品监测): The science and activities related to the detection, assessment, understanding, and prevention of adverse effects or any other drug-related problems.15. Drug delivery system (药物输送系统): The technology or method by whicha drug is administered to the body, including oral, transdermal, inhalation, and intravenous routes.以上这些药学英语词汇不仅在医药领域中广泛使用,而且对于学习和理解药物的研发、使用和管理至关重要。
药学名词(英 中)
药学名词(英-中)absolute lethal dose绝对致死剂量absorption rate constant吸收速率常数acetylcholine 乙酰胆碱乙酰胆碱acetylcholinesterase乙酰胆碱酯酶activation激活作用activator激活剂acute toxicity test急性毒性实验addition相加作用additive附加剂additive effect 累加效应;相加作用adenosine phosphate腺苷磷酸adjuvant佐剂adrenergic nerve 肾上腺素能神经adrenergic receptor 肾上腺素能受体adverse reaction不良反应aerogel气凝胶aerosol气溶胶;气雾剂albumin microballoons 白蛋白微球制剂alkali-poisoning碱中毒alkaloid生物碱alkalosis碱中毒allergic reaction变态反应allergy变态反应allotted date of drugquality ensuring bymanufacturer药品负责期anaphylactic drug reaction 过敏性药物反应anaphylatoxin过敏毒素anatoxin类毒素antagonism拮抗作用antibacterial spectrum抗菌谱antibody抗体antigen抗原antipode对映体antiserum抗血清antitoxin抗毒素aqua regia王水aromatic compound芳族化合物artificial antigen人工合成抗原artificial immunization人工免疫astringent收敛药autoimmunity自身免疫bactericidal activity杀菌活性bactericidal effect杀菌作用bacteriophage噬菌体bacteriostatic activity抑菌活性bactriostasis抑菌作用Becquerel贝克勒尔bioavailability生物利用度biochemistry生物化学biogenic amine生物胺biological half life生物半衰期biological product生物制品biometrics生物统计学biometry生物统计学biopharmacy生物药剂学blood coagulation血液凝固blood concentration血药浓度blood products血液制品blood volume expander血容量扩充剂blood-cerebral barrier血脑屏障body fluid体液body surface area体表面积broad-spectrumantibiotic广谱抗生素carcinogen致癌物carcinogenic test致癌实验carrier载体catecholamine儿茶酚胺cellular immunity细胞免疫chelating agent螯合剂chemical analysis化学分析chemical disinfection化学消毒法chemical physics化学物理学chemotherapy化学药物治疗chewable tablets嚼用片chiral drug手性药物chlinical pharmacy临床药学cholinesterase胆碱酯酶chronaxia时值chronaxy时值chronic toxicity test慢性毒性实验chronopharmacology时辰药理学chronosusceptability时间感受性chronotherapy时间治疗cipher prescription协定处方clinical pharmacology临床药理学coated tablet包衣片coefficient of diffusion扩散系数coenzyme辅酶cold-storage冷藏complement补体complement system补体系统complete antigen完全抗原complex solubilizer助溶剂concentration浓度content uniformity含量均匀度controlled releasepreparation控释制剂covalent bond共价键crude drugs生药;天然药物cumulative urinary excretion curves 累积尿排泄曲线cytotoxic hexitols 己糖醇细胞毒剂date of expiration药品有效期desiccant干燥剂detoxication解毒作用dextrorotatory form右旋体dextrose右旋糖diffusion扩散directed pharmaceutical preparations定向药物制剂discontinuoussterilization间歇灭菌法disintegrants崩解剂disintegration崩解度dispensing pharmacy调剂学dissolution溶解dissolvent溶剂dissolving溶解dosage剂量dosage form剂型dosage regimen or doserate给药方案或给药速度dose剂量dose or concentrationdependency剂量或浓度的依存性dosing interval给药间隔double-blind technique双盲法drug absorption药物吸收drug accumulation药物蓄积drug administration law药品管理法drug batch number药品批号drug combination合并用药drug distribution药物分布drug elimination药物消除drug excretion药物排泄drug interaction药物相互作用drug metablic enzyme药物代谢酶drug metabolism药物代谢drug reaction药物反应drug sensitive test药敏试验drug standard药品质量标准Drug Standard of Ministryof Public Health of thePeople's Republic ofChina中华人民共和国卫生部药品标准drug tolerance耐药性drug-induced diseases药源性疾病drug-time curve药—时曲线drying agent干燥剂EDO 最大无作用剂量effect效应effective concentration有效浓度effective halt有效半衰期effective rate有效率effector效应器;效应物electrolyte电解质electrolyzation电解elimination rateconstant消除速率常数endotoxin内毒素enteric coating肠溶衣enteric controlledrelease tablets肠溶控释片enterohepaticcirculation肠肝循环environmentalpharmacology环境药理学enzyme酶equivalent law当量定律equivalent weight当量essential aminoacid必需氨基酸essential drugs基本药物essential fatty acid必需脂肪酸ethnopharmacology人种药理学etiological treatment对因治疗excipients辅料excitability兴奋性exotoxin外毒素expiry date药品有效期extravascularadministration血管外给药fatal dose致死量fermentation发酵film-coating薄膜衣filter aid助滤剂filtration过滤first pass effect ofhepar肝首过效应first-pass effect首过效应freezing冷冻gamma rays丙种射线gas analysis气体分析gene基因Geneva nomenclature日内瓦命名法gluconeogenesis糖异生作用glucose-6-phosphatedehydrogenase6-磷酸葡萄糖脱氢酶glycolysis酵解gram molecular weight克分子量gram-atom克原子gram-equivalent number克当量数gram-equivalent weight克当量gram-mol克分子gram-molecule克分子growth curve生长曲线half lethal dose半数致死剂量half life time半衰期half-life period半衰期halogenide卤化物haptene半抗原hemolysis溶血histamine组胺holonzyme and prostheticgroup全酶与辅基hormone激素humoral immunity体液免疫hydrolysis水解(作用)hyperreactivity高敏性immuno inhibitor免疫抑制剂immunoenhancement免疫增强剂immunogenicity免疫原性immunosuppressant免疫抑制剂implants埋植剂incomplete antigen不完全抗原indirect carcinogenesis间接致癌individual differences 个体差异性 individual variation 个体差异性 industrial pharmacy 工业药剂学 inhalation吸入法 innocuity test method 安全试验法 intermediate 中间体 intoxication中毒intracorporal process of drugs 药物的体内过程 intrathecal injection 鞘内注射 intravascular administration 血管内给药 isomerase 异构酶 isotonic solution 等张溶液 isotope同位素 Janbon's syndrome Janbon 综合症 lag time 时滞 LD 100 绝对致死剂量 LD 50 半数致死剂量 LDO最大耐受剂量 least significant difference 最小显著差数 lethal dose 致死量 levorotatory form 左旋体 levulose 左旋糖 light quantum光量子limit date of using a drugafter its production药品使用期Limulus Amebocyte Lysate assay for endotoxin 内毒素鲎试剂测定法 linear correlation 直线相关 liniments 搽剂 liposome脂质体long term toxicity test长期毒性实验;慢性毒性实验 low density lipoprotein 低密度脂蛋白 lysozyme 溶菌酶 macromolecule 大分子 magnetic controlled release dosage form磁性控释制剂magnetic medicinal preparations 磁性药物制剂 materia medica药物学maxial noneffective dose最大无作用剂量 maximal tolerable dose 最大耐受剂量 median lethal dose 半数致死剂量 mediator介质 medical colloidal solution 胶体溶液型药剂 medium介质 mesomer内消旋体 microsomal enzyme微粒体酶minimal effective dose 最小有效量 minimal lethal dose 最小致死剂量 mixture 合剂 MLD最小致死剂量 mol fraction concentration 摩尔分数浓度 molal comcentration 克分子浓度 molar comcentratin 克分子浓度 molar fraction 克分子分数 molar volume 摩尔分子体积 molarity 摩尔浓度 mole 摩尔 mole volume 摩尔分子体积 molecular biology 分子生物学 molecular disease分子病molecular pharmacology 分子药理学 molecular solution 分子溶液 monoclonal antibody单克隆抗体multifunctional enzyme 多功能酶 multiple doseadministration 多剂量给药 mutation 突变 natural antibody 天然抗体 natural antigen 天然抗原 natural drugs 天然药物 natural immunity天然免疫neurotoxin神经毒素nitrite poisoning亚硝酸盐中毒nitrohydrochloric acid王水non-essential amino acid非必需氨基酸nondepolarizer 非去极化型肌松药normal solution当量溶液normality当量浓度nucleotide核苷酸nutrient营养素ocular inserts眼用膜剂official formula法定处方oligosaccharides低聚糖oral administration口腔内给药oral medicaed solublepaper纸型片剂osmotic pressure渗透压parts per billionconcentrationPPB浓度parts per hundredconcentrationPPH浓度parts per hundred million concentrationpphm浓度parts per millionconcentrationppm浓度passive immunity被动免疫passive transport被动转运peak concentration ofdrug药峰浓度peak time of drug药峰时间penetration enhancers穿透促进剂percentage concentration百分浓度phagocytosis吞噬作用pharmaceutical analysis药物分析pharmaceutical chemistry药物化学pharmaceuticalequivalence药剂等效性pharmaceutics药剂学pharmacodynamics药效动力学pharmacogenetics药物遗传学pharmacokinetics model药物动力学模型pharmacology药理学;药物学physical dependence身体依赖性physical pharmaceutics物理药剂学pill滴丸剂placebo安慰剂plasma血浆plasma protein bindingratio血浆蛋白结合率plasma substitute血浆代用液plaster硬膏剂poisoning中毒polyose多糖polypeptide多肽potency效价;效价强度potency unit效价单位powerful drug剧药preparation制剂prescription处方prodrug前体药物proenzyme酶原prohormone激素原prolonged actionpreparation长效制剂prosthetic group辅基psychic dependence精神依赖性quantum pharmacology量子药理学raceme外消旋体radiopharmaceutics放射药剂学radiotoxicology放射毒理学receptor感受器;受体receptor antagonist受体拮抗剂receptor stimulant受体激动剂recipe处方rectal administration直肠给药refrigeration冷冻relative dosage interval相对给药间隔resistance to drugs抗药性restrictive holagogue限制性剧药ribonucleic acid核糖核酸RNA核糖核酸safety coefficient安全系统safety range安全范围saponins皂甙saturated solution饱和溶液selectivity选择性semi-logarithmic curve of drug-time 药—时半对数曲线semisyntheticantibiotics半合成抗生素sensitivity敏感性sensitization致敏作用sensitization test致敏试验sequential design序贯设计serum血清short term carcinogenictest短期致癌实验side effect副作用skin and mucocutaneous administration 皮肤、粘膜表面给药slow pathway慢通道solute溶质solvent溶剂steady state plasmaconcentration稳态血药浓度steroid withdrawal syndrome 类固醇停药综合征subacute intoxication亚急性中毒subacute poisoning亚急性中毒superinfection二重感染superoxide过氧化物surface activity表面活性surface tension表面张力suspending agent助悬剂suspension悬浮液symptomatic treatment对症治疗synergism协同作用synthetic drugs合成药物tablet hardness片剂硬度tachyphylaxis快速耐受target cell靶细胞targetable drug delivery向靶给药TDM治疗药物临测technology ofpharmaceutics制剂学teratogen致畸物teratogenic test致畸试验the Merck index默克索引therapeutic action治疗作用therapeutic dose治疗量therapeutic drugmonitoring治疗药物临测therapeutic equivalence治疗等效(值)therapeutic index TI治疗指数threshold dose阈剂量time-effect relationship时效关系tincture酊剂titration滴定titration curve滴定曲线tolerance耐受性toxic reaction毒性反应toxic response毒性反应toxicology毒理学toxoid类毒素trace element痕量元素;微量元素transmitter递质;介质tricarboxylic acid cycle三羧酸循环volume by volumeconcentration体积比浓度WHO世界卫生组织World HealthOrganization世界卫生组织药名常用词首药名常用词干一、抗微生物药二、抗寄生虫药三、神经系统药四、心血管系统药五、影响血液及造血系统药六、消化系统药七、呼吸系统药八、利尿药九、抗肿瘤药十、激素类药十一、降血糖药 十二、抗变态反应药 十三、前列腺素类药 十四、免疫系统药十五、酶类药及其抑制药十六、诊断用药 十七、其他药名常用词尾。
药学英语名词解释
Unit 2-A1.bacillus (复数:bacilli)杆菌,芽孢杆菌,细菌any rod(杆)-shaped or cylindrical (英[sɪ'lɪndrɪkəl] adj. 圆柱形的,圆筒状的)bacterium of the genus(英['dʒiːnəs] n. 类,种;[生物] 属)Bacillus, comprising spore-producing bacteria.芽孢杆菌属的任何杆状或圆柱形细菌,包括产孢子细菌。
2.clostridia (单数:clostridium)梭状芽孢杆菌any of several rod-shaped,spore-forming,anaerobic bacteria of the genus clostridium,found in soil and in the intestinal tract of humans and animals.梭菌属梭状芽孢杆菌中的任何一种杆状孢子形成的厌氧细菌,存在于土壤和人类和动物的肠道中。
ctobacillus 乳酸菌,乳杆菌属any long,slender,rod-shaped,anaerobic bacterium of the genus lactobacillus,that produces large amounts of lactic acid in the fermentation of carbohydrates,especially in milk.任何长的,细长的,杆状的乳酸杆菌属的厌氧细菌,在碳水化合物的发酵过程中产生大量的乳酸,特别是在牛奶中。
6.Prebiotics 益生元natural substances in some foods that encourage the growth of healthy bacteria in the gut.某些食物中的天然物质会促进肠道中健康细菌的生长Probiotics 益生菌A usually dairy food or a dietary supplement containing live bacteria that replace or add to the beneficial bacteria normally present in the gastrointestinal tract一种通常的乳制品或膳食补充剂,其中含有能替代或添加至胃肠道中, 通常存在于胃肠道Unit 3-A7.adenosine 腺苷,腺嘌呤核苷A nucleoside formed by the condensation of adenine and ribose. It is present in all living cells in a combined form,as in ribonucleic acid.腺嘌呤和核糖缩合形成的核苷。
最新药学英语专业词汇
药学名词(中-英)6-磷酸葡萄糖脱氢酶glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase Janbon综合症Janbon's syndromePPB浓度parts per billion concentrationpphm浓度parts per hundred million concentrationPPH浓度parts per hundred concentrationppm浓度parts per million concentration安全范围safety range安全试验法innocuity test method安全系统safety coefficient安慰剂placebo螯合剂chelating agent靶细胞target cell白蛋白微球制剂albumin microballoons百分浓度percentage concentration半合成抗生素semisynthetic antibiotics半抗原haptene半数致死剂量half lethal dose ; median lethal dose; LD50 半衰期half-life period; half life time包衣片coated tablet薄膜衣film-coating饱和溶液saturated solution贝克勒尔Becquerel被动免疫passive immunity被动转运passive transport崩解度disintegration崩解剂disintegrants必需氨基酸essential aminoacid必需脂肪酸essential fatty acid变态反应allergy; allergic reaction表面活性surface activity表面张力surface tension丙种射线gamma rays补体complement补体系统complement system不良反应adverse reaction不完全抗原incomplete antigen搽剂liniments长期毒性实验long term toxicity test长效制剂prolonged action preparation肠肝循环enterohepatic circulation肠溶控释片enteric controlled release tablets肠溶衣enteric coating处方prescription;recipe穿透促进剂penetration enhancers磁性控释制剂magnetic controlled release dosage form 磁性药物制剂magnetic medicinal preparations大分子macromolecule单克隆抗体monoclonal antibody胆碱酯酶cholinesterase当量equivalent weight当量定律equivalent law当量浓度normality当量溶液normal solution等张溶液isotonic solution低聚糖oligosaccharides低密度脂蛋白low density lipoprotein滴定titration滴定曲线titration curve滴丸剂pill递质transmitter电解electrolyzation电解质electrolyte酊剂tincture定向药物制剂directed pharmaceutical preparations毒理学toxicology毒性反应toxic response; toxic reaction短期致癌实验short term carcinogenic test对因治疗etiological treatment对映体antipode对症治疗symptomatic treatment多功能酶multifunctional enzyme多剂量给药multiple dose administration多糖polyose多肽polypeptide儿茶酚胺catecholamine二重感染superinfection发酵fermentation法定处方official formula芳族化合物aromatic compound放射毒理学radiotoxicology放射药剂学radiopharmaceutics非必需氨基酸non-essential amino acid非去极化型肌松药nondepolarizer分子病molecular disease分子溶液molecular solution分子生物学molecular biology分子药理学molecular pharmacology辅基prosthetic group辅料excipients辅酶coenzyme副作用side effect附加剂additive干燥剂desiccant;drying agent肝首过效应first pass effect of hepar感受器receptor高敏性hyperreactivity个体差异性individual differences; individual variation 给药方案或给药速度dosage regimen or dose rate给药间隔dosing interval工业药剂学industrial pharmacy共价键covalent bond光量子light quantum广谱抗生素broad-spectrum antibiotic过滤filtration过敏毒素anaphylatoxin过敏性药物反应anaphylactic drug reaction过氧化物superoxide含量均匀度content uniformity核糖核酸ribonucleic acid; RNA核苷酸nucleotide合并用药drug combination合成药物synthetic drugs合剂mixture痕量元素trace element化学分析chemical analysis化学物理学chemical physics化学消毒法chemical disinfection化学药物治疗chemotherapy环境药理学environmental pharmacology基本药物essential drugs基因gene激活剂activator激活作用activation激素hormone激素原prohormone急性毒性实验acute toxicity test己糖醇细胞毒剂cytotoxic hexitols剂量dosage; dose剂量或浓度的依存性dose or concentration dependency。
医药行业专业英语词汇_非常有用
医药行业专业英语词汇_非常有用1. Medicine (药品): 指用于治疗、预防或诊断疾病的物质。
2. Pharmaceutical (制药): 涉及药品的研究、开发、生产和销售。
3. Clinical trial (临床试验): 在人体上进行的药物或治疗方法测试。
4. Therapeutic (治疗): 指药物或治疗方法的疗效。
5. Side effect (副作用): 药物或治疗方法产生的非预期效果。
6. Dosage (剂量): 药物的使用量。
7. Bioavailability (生物利用度): 药物在体内可被利用的程度。
8. Pharmacokinetics (药代动力学): 研究药物在体内的吸收、分布、代谢和排泄。
9. Pharmacodynamics (药效动力学): 研究药物如何影响生物体。
10. Biopharmaceutics (生物制药学): 研究生物体内药物的物理、化学和生物学性质。
11. Regulatory affairs (法规事务): 涉及药品的法规制定、遵守和监管。
12. Drug discovery (药物发现): 寻找新的药物分子或治疗方法。
13. Drug development (药物开发): 将新发现的药物分子转化为可用的药物。
14. Generic drug (仿制药): 与原研药具有相同活性成分的药物。
15. Biologics (生物制品): 由生物体产生的药物,如抗体、激素等。
16. Overthecounter (OTC) drug (非处方药): 不需要医生处方即可购买的药物。
17. Prescription drug (处方药): 需要医生处方才能购买的药物。
18. Drug interaction (药物相互作用): 两种或多种药物同时使用时产生的相互作用。
19. Adverse event (不良事件): 在药物使用过程中出现的非预期反应。
药学英语名词解释整理
药学英语名词解释整理文学1班庄亚勤1、HomeostasisThe progress of stabilization of the internal environment is called homeostasis and is essential if the cells of the body are to function normally.2、Super-infectionIt is an infection following a previous infection, especially when caused by microorganisms that are resistant or have become resistant to the antibiotics used earlier.3、Adverse reactionAdverse drug reactions are unwanted effects caused by normal therapeutic dose. There are 5 types of adverse drug reactions having been proposed.4、TITI refers to therapeutic index.It is a comparison of the amount of a therapeutic agent that causes the therapeutic effect to the amount that causes death (in animal studies) or toxicity (in human studies).The higher TI is, the safer the drug can be.5、Lead compoundIt is a chemical compound that has pharmacological or biological activity. The lead compound is not intended to be used as a clinical agent.It is the starting point from which a clinically useful compound can be developed.6、IndicationsIndication is the disease that a certain drug can be used for.ContraindicationContraindication is the disease that a particular medicine or treatment should not ba used because it is or might be harmful.7、LD50The median lethal dose is the dose required to kill the half the members of a tested population after a specified test duration.LD50 figures are frequently used as general indicator of a substance’s acute toxicity.8、ED50ED50 refers to effective dose for 50% of people given it.It is commonly used as a measure of reasonable expectance of drug effect, but not necessarily the dose that a clinical might use.9、Dose- range studyIt is a clinical trial where different dose of an agent are tested against each other to establish whichdose works best or is the least harmful. Dose-range study is to estimate the response vs. dose given as to analyze the efficacy and safety of the drug.10、Controlled studyThere are many forms of controlled experiments. A relatively simple one separates research subjects or specimens into two groups: an experimental group and a control group. No treatment is given to the control group, while the experimental group is changed according to some key variable of interest and the two groups are otherwise kept under the same condition.11、INDA(investigational new drug application)INDA should be submitted to FDA before tests with people begin. It should include a report on toxicity and efficacy data gained from plant and animal test. In addition, a plan for clinical trial is also required. If FDA approves the INDA, the drug is allowed to test on people in clinical trials.12、ResistanceDrug resistance is the reduction in effectiveness of a drug in curing a disease or condition.。
药学英语术语翻译
Useful Phrases1 肺炎、肺结核pneumonia and tuberculosis2 细菌释放毒素germs giving off a toxin3 皮肤和粘膜skin and mucous membranes4 炎症inflammation5 红、肿、热、痛redness, swelling, heat and pain6 抗感染fight against infection7 吞噬、消化微生物engulf and digest microbes8 淋巴管lymph vessels9 抗体、抗原antibody and antigen10 抗毒素antitoxin11 人工免疫artificial immunityUseful phrases1 有机化学、无机化学organic and inorganic chemistry2 物理化学physical chemistry3 生物化学bio chemistry4 化学符号和结构式chemical symbols and formulas5 离子、电子、原子、分子iron, electron, atom and molecule6 分子量molecular weights7 元素周期表periodic table8 运用符号和概念的方法methods of manipulating symbols and concepts9 化学反应chemical reaction10 有机化合物organic compound11 二氧化碳carbon dioxide12 含有碳元素的物质substances containing carbon13 合成物synthetic materials14 大量的原料abundant raw materials15 品质更加、用途更广、优势独特superior quality, greater versatility, andunique advantagesLesson 8 Development of New Drugs (I)1生产特效药to produce the novel therapeutic agents2由天然植物资源提取to extract from natural plants and animal sources3化学合成药 a drug synthesized chemically4人工生产药物agents produced artificially5药物的特异作用及毒性specificity of action and toxicity6 基因工程的发展development of genetic engineering7 单克隆抗体monoclonal antibody 8 beta受体阻断剂beta receptor blocker9实验药理学experimental pharmacology10几种模型包括:细胞培养或细菌培养,部分提取酶或亚细胞间质,分离的组织,灌注的器官完整的动物several models include: cell culture or bacteria, partially purified enzymes or subcellular particles, isolated tissues , perfused organs, intact animals11慢性毒性实验chronic toxicity testing 12代谢方法patterns of metabolism13疗程during of treatment14 实验组、对照组、安慰剂组、空白组、the experimental group ,control group, placebo group and untreated group15 临床指症clinical indication 16 生化药理学biochemical pharmacology17 FDA Food and Drug AdministrationLesson 8 Development of New Drugs (II)1 临床评价clinical evaluation / assessment2 毒理研究toxicological studies3 化学纯度和药理稳定性chemical purity and pharmaceutical stability4 罕见的疾病、威胁生命、不治之症rare diseases, life-threatening and untreatable diseases5 无严重症状与毒性without serious symptoms or toxicity6 药物剂量的研究dose-ranging studies7 施药(给药)drug administration / administration of drugs8 临床试验许可证CTC clinical trial certificate9 单盲或双盲试验single blind or double blind experiment10 副作用adverse effect, side-effect, unhealthy effect11 促销marketing and promotion12 医药代表representative of the pharmaceutical manufacturer. ..。
(完整版)药学英语专业词汇
(完整版)药学英语专业词汇一、药物分类及命名1. 抗生素(Antibiotics)青霉素(Penicillin)头孢菌素(Cephalosporins)大环内酯类(Macrolides)2. 抗病毒药物(Antiviral Drugs)抗流感病毒药物(Antiviral for Influenza)抗艾滋病病毒药物(Antiviral for HIV)3. 抗肿瘤药物(Anticancer Drugs)化疗药物(Chemotherapeutic Agents)靶向治疗药物(Targeted Therapy Drugs)4. 心血管系统药物(Cardiovascular Drugs)抗高血压药物(Antihypertensive Drugs)抗心绞痛药物(Antianginal Drugs)抗心律失常药物(Antiarrhythmic Drugs)5. 消化系统药物(Gastrointestinal Drugs)抗胃溃疡药物(Antigastric Ulcer Drugs)止泻药物(Antidiarrheal Drugs)泻药(Laxatives)6. 中枢神经系统药物(Central Nervous System Drugs)抗抑郁药物(Antidepressants)抗精神病药物(Antipsychotic Drugs)镇痛药物(Analgesics)二、药物剂型及给药途径1. 剂型(Dosage Forms)片剂(Tablets)胶囊(Capsules)注射剂(Injections)2. 给药途径(Routes of Administration)口服(Oral)肌内注射(Intramuscular)静脉注射(Intravenous)三、药物作用及不良反应1. 药物作用(Pharmacological Actions)抗菌作用(Antibacterial Action)抗病毒作用(Antiviral Action)镇痛作用(Analgesic Action)2. 不良反应(Adverse Reactions)过敏反应(Allergic Reactions)胃肠道反应(Gastrointestinal Reactions)肝脏毒性(Hepatotoxicity)四、药学专业英语词汇1. 药理学(Pharmacology)药物代谢(Drug Metabolism)药物动力学(Pharmacokinetics)药效学(Pharmacodynamics)2. 药剂学(Pharmaceutics)制剂工艺(Preparation Technology)药物稳定性(Drug Stability)药物质量控制(Drug Quality Control)3. 药物化学(Medicinal Chemistry)药物合成(Drug Synthesis)药物结构(Drug Structure)药物设计(Drug Design)本文档旨在帮助药学专业学生和从业者掌握药学英语专业词汇,提高专业英语水平,为学术交流和临床实践提供便利。
药剂学英文名词解释整理
1.What is pharmaceutics? How many branches of pharmaceutics ?2.What is a drug? Give some examplesA drug is defined as an agent intended for use in the diagnosis, mitigation, treatment, cure, or prevention of disease in humans or in other animals.药物是有目的地用于诊断、缓解、治疗、治愈或预防人类或动物疾病的物质。
●Emetic (induce vomiting催吐剂) and antiemetic (prevent vomiting止吐剂) drugs●Diuretic drugs (increase the flow of urine利尿剂)●Expectorant drugs (increase respiratory tract fluid除痰剂)●Cathartics or laxatives (evacuate the bowel泻药)●Other drugs decrease the flow of urine, diminish body secretions, or induce constipation (便秘)Drug standards●The united states pharmacopeia (药典) and the national formulary (国家药品标准)●Pharmakon, meaning “drug”; poiein, meaning “make”;●The combination indicates any recipe or formula or other standards required to make orprepare a drug.●Organized sets of monographs or books of these standards are called pharmacopeias orformularies.International Organization for standardization (ISO)is an international consortium of representative bodies constituted to develop and promote uniform or harmonized international standards.国际标准化组织是一个代表性的国际联合会,其设立是为了发展和增进国际标准的均一性和协调性。
药学英语词汇汇总
药学英语词汇汇总药学英语词汇是药学领域中使用最广泛的术语和词汇。
以下是一些常见的药学英语词汇及其含义:1、Pharmaceutical:药物的,药学的2、Drug:药物,药品3、Medicine:药物,医学4、Dosage:剂量,配药5、Dose:剂量,投药量6、Route:给药途径7、Administration:给药,投药8、Inhalation:吸入9、Oral:口服的10、Rectal:直肠的11、Topical:局部的,外用的12、Transdermal:透皮吸收的13、Intravenous:静脉注射的14、Intramuscular:肌肉注射的15、Subcutaneous:皮下注射的16、Administration:(给药的)方式,(药物的)投药途径17、Controlled-release dosage form:控释剂型18、Drug interaction:药物相互作用19、Drug resistance:药物耐受性,耐药性20、Toxicity:毒性21、Side effect:副作用22、Overdose:用药过量23、Drug tolerance:药物耐受性,耐药性24、Pharmacokinetics:药物代谢动力学25、Pharmacodynamics:药效学,药物作用动力学26、Pharmacologist:药理学家,药学家27、Pharmacy technician:药房技术员,药剂师助理28、Prescription:处方,药方29、Non-prescription drug:非处方药30、Generic drug:非专利药品,仿制药31、Brand-name drug:品牌药,专利药品32、Formulation:配方,制剂33、Dosage form:剂量形式,剂型在高中英语的学习过程中,词汇的学习是至关重要的环节。
拥有足够的词汇量不仅可以提高阅读理解能力,还能增强写作和口语的表达。
药学英语知识点归纳
药学英语知识点归纳药学英语是指与药学相关的英语知识。
药学是研究药物的性质、合成、制备、分离、鉴定、药效、药代动力学以及其应用和临床评价的一门科学。
药学英语作为专业英语的一部分,主要包括药学常用词汇、句子结构、专业写作和专业交流等方面的内容。
1. 药学常用词汇在药学英语中,有许多常用的词汇需要掌握。
例如:- drug:药物- medicine:医学;药;医药- dosage:剂量- prescription:处方- pharmacy:药房- pharmaceutical:制药的- efficacy:药效- adverse effect:不良反应- overdose:过量服用- side effect:副作用- contraindication:禁忌症- drug interaction:药物相互作用2. 句子结构掌握药学英语的句子结构对于正确理解和表达药学领域的内容非常重要。
以下是一些常见的句子结构:- 简单句:包括主语、谓语和宾语,用来陈述一个简单的事实或观点。
例如:“The drug is effective for treating hypertension.”- 复合句:包括一个主句和一个或多个从句,用来表达复杂的观点、条件、原因等。
例如:“If the patient has a history of allergic reactions, the drug should be avoided.”- 并列连词:用于连接两个相对 ** 的句子或短语。
例如:“The drug is effective, but it may cause side effects.”- 介词短语:用于描述药物的用法、途径和目的等。
例如:“The medication sho uld be taken before meals.”- 被动语态:用于强调动作的承受者而不是执行者。
例如:“The drug is widely used in clinical practice.”3. 专业写作在药学领域,专业写作是一种常见的沟通方式。
100个药学名词中英文对照
100个药学名词中英文对照1.Adverse effect-不良反应2.Analgesic-镇痛剂3.Antibiotic-抗生素4.Antidepressant-抗抑郁剂5.Antihistamine-抗组胺药6.Anti-inflammatory-抗炎药7.Antipyretic-退热药8.Apothecary-药剂师9.Aspirin-阿司匹林10.Biopharmaceuticals-生物制药11.Capsule-胶囊12.Carcinogen-致癌物13.Clinical trial-临床试验14.Contraindication-禁忌症15.Counterfeit-假冒伪劣的16.Cytotoxic-细胞毒性的17.Dosage-剂量18.Drug interaction-药物相互作用19.Efficacy-疗效20.Excipient-辅料21.FDA-美国食品药品监督管理局22.Generic drug-常规药品23.GMP-药品良好生产规范24.Herbal medicine-中草药25.Hormone-激素26.Iatrogenic-医源性的27.Immunosuppressant-免疫抑制剂28.In vitro-体外实验29.In vivo-体内实验30.Injection-注射剂31.Lethal dose-致死剂量32.Lot number-批号33.Mass spectrometry-质谱分析法34.Medicine-药物35.Narcotic-麻醉剂36.Nebulizer-雾化器37.Ointment-软膏38.Over-the-counter-非处方药39.Parenteral-无肠道给药的40.Pharmaceutical-制药的41.Pharmacodynamics-药效学42.Pharmacokinetics-药代动力学43.Pharmacology-药理学44.Pharmacotherapy-药物治疗学45.Placebo-安慰剂46.Poison-毒药47.Prescription-处方48.Prophylactic-预防性的49.Psychoactive-心理活性的50.Refill-续方51.Side effect-副作用52.Solubility-溶解度53.Solution-溶液54.Sterile-无菌的55.Sublingual-舌下的56.Synergy-协同作用57.Tablet-片剂58.Therapeutic-治疗上的59.Toxicology-毒理学60.Transdermal-经皮的61.Tuberculosis-结核病62.Vial-小瓶63.Anesthetic-麻醉剂64.Antianxiety-抗焦虑药65.Antiarrhythmic-抗心律失常药66.Anticoagulant-抗凝剂67.Anticonvulsant-抗癫痫药68.Antidiabetic-抗糖尿病药69.Antifungal-抗真菌药70.Antineoplastic-抗肿瘤药71.Antipsychotic-抗精神病药72.Antiretroviral-抗逆转录病毒药73.Antitussive-止咳药74.Antiviral-抗病毒药75.Beta blocker-贝塔受体阻滞剂76.Biologic-生物学的77.Blood thinner-血液稀释剂78.Bronchodilator-支气管扩张剂79.Chemotherapy-化疗80.Cholesterol-lowering-降低胆固醇的81.CYP450-细胞色素P45082.Depressant-镇静剂83.Diuretic-利尿剂84.Dose-response-剂量反应85.Enzyme inhibitor-酶抑制剂86.Expiration date-有效期87.Fat soluble-脂溶性的88.Gastrointestinal-胃肠的89.Half-life-半衰期90.Humectant-保湿剂91.Immunoglobulin-免疫球蛋白92.Inotropic-正性肌力药93.Intramuscular-肌肉注射的94.Intravenous-静脉注射的95.Lipid-脂质96.Liposome-脂质体97.Metabolism-新陈代谢98.Microbial-微生物的99.Molecule-分子100.Muscle relaxant-松弛肌肉的。
药学专业名词汉英对照
药学专业名词汉英对照药学专业名词汉英对照当我们学习药学时,经常会遇到很多汉英对照的专业名词。
这些专业名词对于我们学习和理解药学知识非常重要。
在这篇文章中,我们将讲解一些常见的药学专业名词的汉英对照,并对其进行简单的解释,帮助大家更好地理解和记忆这些专业名词。
一、药品分类1. 中成药(Chinese patent medicine)中成药是指具有中药特点,由多种中药组成,经科学制备而成的剂型,在药理作用、药效等方面具有一定的疗效。
2. 化学药(Chemical drug)化学药是指由化学合成或半合成的原材料制造成的药物。
3. 生物制品(Biological products)生物制品是指利用生物技术生产的药物,主要是蛋白质类药物。
二、药剂学1. 溶液(Solution)溶液是一种由溶质溶解在溶剂中而成的均匀混合物,其中溶质可以是单一的化合物或多种化合物的混合物。
2. 粉末(Powder)粉末是一种细小的颗粒状态的药品,通常用于口服剂量的制备。
3. 片剂(Tablet)片剂是一种由药物粉末和辅料制成的固体剂型,具有容易服用,剂型稳定等优点。
4. 胶囊(Capsule)胶囊是一种由药品粉末或液体填充在胶壳内而成的剂型,容易适应不同口服要求,可保护药品免受光、氧、湿等环境因素影响。
5. 滴剂(Drops)滴剂是一种液态剂型,通常用于眼药剂或口服液药剂中。
三、药物剂量和容量单位1. 克(Gram)克是药品剂量和药品容量单位,等于1千分之1千克。
2. 毫克(Milligram)毫克是药品剂量和药品容量单位,等于1千分之1克。
3. 微克(Microgram)微克是药品剂量和药品容量单位,等于1百万分之1克。
4. 升(Litre)升是药品容量单位,等于1000毫升。
四、药物作用和药物代谢1. 药理学(Pharmacology)药理学是指研究药物作用机制,药物在机体内传播、转化、代谢和作用的学科。
2. 代谢(Metabolism)代谢是指机体中对药物进行的化学反应,通过代谢可以将药物从机体中排出,减少药物对机体的毒性作用。
中药学的英文名词解释汇总
中药学的英文名词解释汇总中药学是研究中药的来源、性质、制备、功效以及中药与人体的相互作用等的学科。
为了更好地理解中药学,下面将介绍一些与中药学相关的英文名词。
一、Pharmacognosy(药用植物学)Pharmacognosy是一个希腊词,由pharmakon(药物)和gnosis(知识)组成,意为药物的知识。
Pharmacognosy是研究草药的来源、特性和用途的学科。
它探讨了草药的生物活性化合物、草药的生长环境、采集和贮藏等方面的知识。
二、Herbalism(草药治疗学)Herbalism是指使用植物中的活性成分进行治疗和预防疾病的做法。
中药学的一部分内容就是研究植物中的化学成分,了解它们的功效和作用机制,并进一步将其应用于临床实践中。
三、Traditional Chinese Medicine(中医学)Traditional Chinese Medicine(TCM)是中国传统医学的缩写。
它基于中国古代医学理论,包括辩证论、阴阳平衡法、五行学说等,并且结合了中药、针灸、按摩等多种疗法。
中医学在中药学中发挥了重要作用,因为中医给予了中药的临床应用指导。
四、Medicinal plants(药用植物)Medicinal plants是指用于治疗疾病的植物,其部分或全部组织具有药理学作用。
这些植物可以使用其根、茎、叶、花或果实,产生治疗作用。
在中药学中,药用植物是主要的药物来源之一,研究这些植物对于发现新药物具有重要意义。
五、Active constituents(活性成分)Active constituents是指草药中具有药理活性的化学成分。
中药学研究活性成分的目的是发现草药的药理作用,并确定草药中起主要作用的特定化学物质。
常见的活性成分包括生物碱、多糖、黄酮类化合物等。
六、Phytochemistry(植物化学)Phytochemistry是研究植物中化学成分的学科。
中药学借助植物化学的方法,分析、鉴定和提取草药中的化学成分,以及研究植物化学物质在体内的吸收、代谢和药理活性。
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药学英语名词解释整理
文学1班庄亚勤
1、Homeostasis
The progress of stabilization of the internal environment is called homeostasis and is essential if the cells of the body are to function normally.
2、Super-infection
It is an infection following a previous infection, especially when caused by microorganisms that are resistant or have become resistant to the antibiotics used earlier.
3、Adverse reaction
Adverse drug reactions are unwanted effects caused by normal therapeutic dose. There are 5 types of adverse drug reactions having been proposed.
4、TI
TI refers to therapeutic index.
It is a comparison of the amount of a therapeutic agent that causes the therapeutic effect to the amount that causes death (in animal studies) or toxicity (in human studies).
The higher TI is, the safer the drug can be.
5、Lead compound
It is a chemical compound that has pharmacological or biological activity. The lead compound is not intended to be used as a clinical agent.
It is the starting point from which a clinically useful compound can be developed.
6、Indications
Indication is the disease that a certain drug can be used for.
Contraindication
Contraindication is the disease that a particular medicine or treatment should not ba used because it is or might be harmful.
7、LD50
The median lethal dose is the dose required to kill the half the members of a tested population after a specified test duration.
LD50 figures are frequently used as general indicator of a substance’s acute toxicity.
8、ED50
ED50 refers to effective dose for 50% of people given it.
It is commonly used as a measure of reasonable expectance of drug effect, but not necessarily the
dose that a clinical might use.
9、Dose- range study
It is a clinical trial where different dose of an agent are tested against each other to establish which dose works best or is the least harmful. Dose-range study is to estimate the response vs. dose given as to analyze the efficacy and safety of the drug.
10、Controlled study
There are many forms of controlled experiments. A relatively simple one separates research subjects or specimens into two groups: an experimental group and a control group. No treatment is given to the control group, while the experimental group is changed according to some key variable of interest and the two groups are otherwise kept under the same condition.
11、INDA(investigational new drug application)
INDA should be submitted to FDA before tests with people begin. It should include a report on toxicity and efficacy data gained from plant and animal test. In addition, a plan for clinical trial is also required. If FDA approves the INDA, the drug is allowed to test on people in clinical trials.
12、Resistance
Drug resistance is the reduction in effectiveness of a drug in curing a disease or condition.。