专业硕士研究生英语Unit13
(完整word版)研究生英语高级教程第13单元
［1] For most of its history，psychology had concerned itself with all that ails the human mind: anxiety，depression，neurosis, obsessions, paranoia，delusions。
Over the decades，a few psychological researchers had ventured out of the dark realm of mental illness into the sunny land of the mentally hale and hearty。
Martin Seligman，a psychologist at University of Pennsylvania, wanted to look at what actively made people feel fulfilled, engaged and meaningfully happy。
Mental health，he reasoned, should be more than the absence of mental illness。
It should be something akin to a vibrant and muscular fitness of the human mind and spirit.What Makes Us Happy[2］So, what has science learned about what makes the human heart sing？More than one might imagine—along w ith some surprising things about what doesn’t ring our inner chimes. Take wealth, for instance，and all the delightful things that money can buy。
(完整word版)专业学位硕士研究生英语教程13
Unit 13FriendshipPreviewFriendship is a unique relationship. In contrast to most other relationships，friendship is voluntary。
There are legal and religious ceremonies for marriage, and social and legal rules for governing marital relationships。
We have no parallel ceremonies to recognize friendships and no formal standards to guide interaction among friends. The lack of social standards and recognition makes friendship a particularly challenging and exciting relationship.Text ReadingWarm—upKnowing friendship。
Friendship is universal；a close friend is a close friend anywhere. There are qualities we all admire in friends, and things all of us would do for friends。
Now share your views on friendship with your friends.1。
In your country，where，when，or how did you first meet your friends? Circle as many as possible。
研究生英语阅读教程Unit13
The influence of music on society can be clearly seen from modern history. Music helped Thomas Jefferson write the Declaration of Independence. When he could not figure out the right wording for a certain part, he would play his violin to help him. The music helped him get the words from his brain onto the paper. Albert Einstein is recognized as one of the smartest men who has ever lived. A little known fact about Einstein is that when he was young he did extremely poor in school. His grade school teachers told his parents to take him out of school because he was "too stupid to learn" and it would be a waste of resources for the school to invest time and energy in his education. The school suggested that his parents get Albert an easy, manual labor job as soon as they could. His mother did not think that Albert was "stupid". Instead of following the school's advice, Albert's parents bought him a violin. Albert became good at the violin. Music was the key that helped Albert Einstein become one of the smartest men who has ever lived. Einstein himself says that the reason he was so smart is because he played the violin. He loved the music of Mozart and Bach the most. A friend of Einstein, G.J. Withrow, said that the way Einstein figured out his problems and equations was by improvising on the violin.
unit 13研究生基础英语(毛大威)课后答案Unit13
• 1. Comprehension question: • 1) Para 1 • They are no longer slackers or dropouts,they care about the rest of the world.
• 3.Para 2 • He thinks it is worth it. He wants to start his own business in a foreign country.
• 4. Para 3 • She realizes that reality is quite different from what is written in books.
• 5. Para 4 • Because he wants to study in MBA program to learn more about business theory.
Unit 13 Generation Global
• • • •
Prepare Yourself : 开始职业生涯 文化交流 异国情调 体验新文化 地球村 有效护照 办（好）签证 迎接挑战
• • • • • • • •
broaden one's outlook broaden one's knowledge enhance one's ability realize one's ideals full of vigor and vitality be active and enterprising seize the opportunity live a full life
• C) • challenging took case communication • set raise aware enough No capable
研究生英语读写教程提高级unit13
研究生英语读写教程提高级unit13In the backdrop of globalization, the exchange and integration of cultures have become increasingly significant. As the world becomes more interconnected, the boundaries that once separated different cultures are gradually disappearing, giving way to a new era of cultural diversity and hybridity. This phenomenon is not merely a product of economic integration and technological advancements; it is also a reflection of the deep-seated human desire to connect, understand, and appreciate other cultures.One of the most significant impacts of globalization on cultural exchange is the ease with which information and ideas can now travel across borders. The internet, in particular, has revolutionized the way we access and share cultural content. Movies, music, books, and other forms of media are now accessible to a global audience, enabling people to experience diverse cultures without leaving their homes. This has not only broadened people's horizons but has also fostered a newfound respect and appreciation for other cultures.However, the process of cultural exchange is not always smooth. Differences in language, values, traditions, and beliefs can sometimes lead to misunderstandings and conflicts. It is, therefore, crucial that we approach cultural exchange with an open and tolerant mindset, respecting the differences while seeking commonalities. By doing so, we can not only avoid misunderstandings but also learn from other cultures, enriching our own cultural identity.Integration, on the other hand, refers to the blending of different cultures into a new, unique cultural identity. This process often occurs when cultures come into contact with each other, resulting in the emergence of new cultural forms and practices. For instance, the fusion of Western and Eastern music styles has given birth to a new genre of music that is both unique and appealing to a global audience. Similarly, the integration of different cuisines has led to the creation of new and exciting dishes that are a testament to the beauty of cultural diversity.In conclusion, the exchange and integration of cultures are inevitable in the age of globalization. It is ourresponsibility to ensure that this process is positive and constructive, fostering mutual understanding and respect among different cultures. By doing so, we can create a more inclusive and harmonious world where the richness ofcultural diversity is celebrated and cherished.**全球化背景下的文化交流与融合**在全球化的背景下，文化交流与融合变得越来越重要。
专业学位硕士研究生英语教程Unit-13词汇及课后答案
Unit 13FriendshipWord Bankaccount：n. a written or spoken description of an event(书面或口头)报告acquaintance: a person that you have met but do not know well相识，熟人affection: a feeling of liking for a person or place友爱，爱情commitment: a promise to do sth. or to behave in a particular way承诺；责任；compatible: able to exist, live together, or work successfully with sth. or sb. else能共处的；能共存的；能相容的conservative: tending not to like or trust change, especially sudden change保守的，守旧的divorce: legal ending of a marriage离婚esteem: respect for or a good opinion of sb. 尊敬，尊重excessive: too much过度的，过多的generality: when what sb. says contains no details, and often very little meaning普遍性，通性intimate: having, or being likely to cause, a very close friendship亲密的mobile: able to move freely or be easily moved可移动的，易变的，机动的pursue: to follow sb. or sth., usually to try to catch or kill them追随；跟随rarity: sth. that is very unusual, or the quality of being very unusual稀有relocate: to (cause a person or company to) move to a new place换一个地方；重新安置reveal: to make known or show sth. that is surprising or that was previously secret展现，显示，揭示，暴露spouse: a person's husband or wife配偶stigma: a strong feeling in society that a type of behavior is shameful耻辱；瑕疵superficial: only on the surface of sth. 表面的；肤浅的transient: lasting for only a short time; temporary短暂的widowed: having become a widow or a widower守寡的；成为鳏夫的Phrases and Expressionsattach to: to connect one thing with another系，连接break up: to stop a relationship(突然)结束encounter with: to meet sb., especially when you do not expect it偶遇end up: to finally be in a particular place, state, or situation, especially without having planned it以...结束，结果为...strike up: to start a conversation or relationship with sb. 交谈起来，结交起来Reading ComprehensionChoose the best for each of the following.1. The authors say that Americans use the word "friend" differently than the way the dictionary defines the word. What do the authors mean by saying so? ( C )A. Americans use the word "friend" in a narrower sense than it is defined in the dictionary.B. Americans use the word "friend" to refer to close friends.C. Americans use the word "friend" in a larger sense than it is defined in the dictionary.D. The dictionary defines the word "friend" in a wrong way.2. Americans have a few close friends because __B___.A. they are lazyB. they do not have timeC. they have many commitments to friendshipD. both B and C3. According to the authors, how do many Americans behave with others even if they are strangers? ( D )A. They tend to be shy.B. They tend to smile.C. They tend to talk easily.D. Both B and C.4. In the United States, marriage relationships are __B___.A. all the sameB. different from couple to coupleC. arrangedD. mature5. The authors say that in the United States remarriage is considered normal, and they point out that grown sons and daughters often encourage their widowed or divorced parents to __C___.A. stay home aloneB. buy goldC. continue to socializeD. travelII. Complete the following summary of the text by filling in the blanks with words. The initial letter of each word has been given to you.Americans use the word "friend" more extensively than what a dictionary defines. A friend might be an (1) acquaintance or an intimate companion. They might call anyone that they know about a friend. They, however, have (2) casual and friendly relationships with many people but develop deeper and closer (3) relationships with only a few. Americans are friendly who easily start conversations with (4) strangers and sometimes share their life stories with them. Due to different cultural backgrounds, American men and women have a (5) variety of relationships. Some might be lifelong friends but without sex contact. Some might live together as sex companions without getting married in the end. Some American (6) couples take themselves as best friends. More (7) divorced or widowed Americans remarried in their old ages.Americans make new friends easily and quickly because of (8) mobility. In general they do not (9) settle down in one place for good. They move from place to place for changing jobs, getting married, (10) attending universities or having children. Many of them do not have everlasting friendship.VocabularyI. Choose the answer that best completes each sentence.1. He had a deep ___D__ for his aunt.A. effectB. kindnessC. heartD. affection2. There has been a drop in public ___A__ for teachers.A. esteemB. affectionC. loveD. interest3. A(n) ___D__ is a person you've met but you would not call him a friend.A. neighborB. friendC. colleagueD. acquaintance4. The institution makes a __C___ to equal pay and opportunities for every employee.A. policyB. planC. commitmentD. schedule5. This software may not be __A___ with older operating systems.A. compatibleB. perfectC. falseD. legal6. Her biography ___C__ that she was not as rich as everyone thought.A. affectedB. recommendedC. revealedD. pointed7. He's a very ___C__ dresser—he always looks like he's wearing his father's clothesA. fashionableB. modernC. conservativeD. fancy8. She gave a thrilling ___B__ of her life in the jungle.A. speechB. accountC. presentationD. lecture9. His dog became his closest ___D__ during the last years of his life.A. enemyB. acquaintanceC. headmanD. companion10. Each of us may __A___ happiness in a very different way.A. defineB. sayC. readD. writeII. Fill in the blanks with the words or phrases given below. Change the form where necessary.superficial end up characterized pursue companionexcessive reveal rare divorce transientmobility encounter stigma break up intimate1. Despite their superficial similarities, the two novels are in fact very different.2. The hunters spent hours pursuing their prey.3. Excessive exercise can sometimes cause health problems.4. They got divorced after only six months of marriage.5. Some neck injuries cause total loss of mobility below the point of injury.6. We encountered quite a few problems at the beginning.7. He started drinking heavily after his marriage broke up.8. He will end up in prison if he steals.9. Steve has many friends but few intimate friends.10. This species of plant is becoming increasingly rare.TranslationPut the following paragraphs into English.1．朋友们都希望相互为伴，对彼此忠诚、无私。
研究生英语读写译教程 第13-show_business原文翻译及课后答案
Vocabulary and Structure:1. insinuate2. amplify3. exploit4. beyond5. misconstrued6. inherent7. predisposition8. restore 9, accommodate 10. around the clock1-10 B A D C B C B C A ACloze:1.declining2.brought on3.raise4.predecessors5.to6. Although7.determinant8.flood9.overtaxed 10. moreoverKey to Text B:Comprehension of the Text1. B2. B3. D4. C5. ATranslate the underlined sentences from the passage into Chinese.1. 大家都知道是怎么回事：再没人关心“真正的”新闻了。
读写水平、文化和品位已经下降到辨认不出的程度了。
孩子们心智不健全，随时会受到四处潜伏的捕食者的伤害。
2. 一个在诸如枪支管制、医疗补助等一系列问题上存在严重分歧的民族竟然可以在此事上统一口径，一致认为：新媒体，大众文化，现代信息技术,所有这一切危害我们的年轻一代，腐蚀我们的公民生活，摧毁我们一切文明果实。
3. 计算机文化迅速从一个圈外人鲜为人知的边缘反主流文化运动发展成为数以百万民众使用的主流信息来源，这里有老人，有宠物饲养者，宗教人士和年轻人，还有书呆子，网民和全球一些大型企业。
4. 我不相信我们这个民族都成了傻瓜，也不相信我们的孩子比我们笨。
相反，我接触到的孩子，不论是认识的、碰到的，还是互发电子邮件交往的都非常聪明，对于探索和操作复杂的机器很精通，而且一般比他们的父母要宽容，好奇心强和开放。
5. 媒体界的战争该停火了。
我们只得接受事实：现在有更多的信息，传送得更迅速，形式也更多样化，这是我们任何一个人都想象不到的。
研究生英语读写教程(提高级)教学课件Unit 13
English Reading and Writing for Graduate Students
Unit 13 Energy and Environment
English Reading and Writing for Graduate Students Advanced Edition Unit 13
English Reading and Writing for Graduate Students Advanced Edition Unit 13
Warming up
Question 4
研究生英语读写教程（提高级）
Is nuclear power the cleanest and most environmentally friendly energy? Are there any alternatives to nuclear energy?
1. Introduction (Para.1-2)
2. Development: risks of nuclear energy (Para. 3-17)
3. Conclusion: impossible to quantify the risks (Para. 18-19)
English Reading and Writing for Graduate Students Advanced Edition Unit 13
English Reading and Writing for Graduate Students Advanced Edition Unit 13
Warming up
Question 5
研究生英语读写教程（提高级）
Considering all the risks nuclear energy pose, do you think it is worth the effort for China to develop nuclear energy?
研究生英语(北科版单词)第13单元
analyze ['ænəlaiz] vt. 对…进行分析，分解（等于analyse）analysis [ə'næləsis] n. 分析；分解；验定ail [eil] vt. 使苦恼，使烦恼vi.生病n. 病痛，苦恼neurosis [njuə'rəusis] n. 神经症；神经衰弱症obsession [əb'seʃən, ɔb-] n. 痴迷；困扰；强迫观念paranoia [,pærə'nɔiə] n. [心]偏执狂，妄想狂delusion [di'lu:ʒən] n. 迷惑，欺骗；错觉；幻想prestige [pre'sti:ʒ,] n. 威望，声望；声誉venture ['ventʃə] vt. 敢于vi.冒险；投机n. 企业；风险；冒险realm [relm] n. 领域，范围；王国hale [heil] adj. 矍铄的（尤指老人）；强壮的adv. 完全地vt. 迫使；猛拉vi. 不断流出hearty ['hɑ:ti] adj. 衷心的；丰盛的；健壮的；精神饱满的n. 朋友们；伙伴们fulfil [ful'fil] vt. 履行；完成；实践；满足engage [in'ɡeidʒ] vt. 吸引，占用；使参加；雇佣；使订婚；预定vi. 从事；答应，保证；交战；啮合absence ['æbsəns] n. 没有；缺乏；缺席；不注意akin [ə'kin] adj. 类似的；同类的；同族的vibrant ['vaibrənt] adj. 振动的；充满生气的；响亮的；战栗的muscular ['mʌskjulə] adj. 肌肉的；肌肉发达的；强健的chime [tʃaim] vi. 鸣响；和谐vt. 打钟报时；敲出和谐的声音n. 钟声；一套发谐音的钟；和谐additional [ə'diʃənəl] adj. 附加的，额外的genuine ['dʒenjuin] adj. 真实的，真正的；诚恳的genuinely ['dʒenjuinli] adv.真诚地；诚实地salient ['seiljənt] adj. 显著的；突出的；跳跃的n. 凸角；突出部分commit [kə'mit] vt. 犯罪，做错事；把...交托给；指派…作战；使…承担义务commitment [kə'mitmənt] n.承诺，保证；委托；承担义务；献身static ['stætik] adj. 静态的；[物]静电的；静力的n. [物]静电；静电干扰blue [blu:] adj. 蓝色的；忧郁的，沮丧的；下流的inherent adj. 固有的；内在的；与生俱来的，遗传的inherently [in'hiərəntli] adv内在地；固有地；天性地subjective [səb'dʒektiv] ad主观的；个人的；自觉的get around到处走走；逃避；说服；传开来（等于get round）；有办法应付devise [di'vaiz] vt. 设计；想出；发明；图谋；遗赠给n. 遗赠assess [ə'ses] vt. 评定；估价；对…征税assessment [ə'sesmənt] n.评定；估价validity [və'lidəti] n. 有效性；正确；正确性square [skwεə] adj. 平方的；正方形的；直角的；正直的vt. 使成方形；与…一致vi. 一致；成方形n. 平方；广场；正方形adv. 成直角地incidence ['insidəns] n. 发生率；影响；入射；影响范围incident ['insidənt] n. 事件，事变；插曲adj. 入射的；附带的；易发生的，伴随而来的unveil [,ʌn'veil] vt. 使公诸于众，揭开；揭幕vi. 除去面纱；显露veil [veil] n. 面纱；面罩；遮蔽物；托词vt. 遮蔽；掩饰；以面纱遮掩；用帷幕分隔vi. 蒙上面纱；[摄]出现轻度灰雾episode ['episəud] n. 插曲；一段情节；插话；有趣的事件scale [skeil] n. 规模；比例；鳞；刻度；天平；数值范围vi. 衡量；攀登；剥落；生水垢vt. 测量；攀登；刮鳞；依比例决定transient ['trænziənt] adj. 短暂的；路过的n. 瞬变现象；过往旅客；候鸟depth [depθ] n. 深度；深奥romance [rəu'mæns,] n. 传奇；浪漫史；风流韵事；冒险故事vi. 虚构；渲染；写传奇hobby ['hɔbi] n. 嗜好；业余爱好Habbit爱好consequential[,kɔnsi'kwenʃəl] adj. 间接的；结果的；重要的；随之发生的；自傲的identical [ai'dentikəl] adj. 同一的；完全相同的n. 完全相同的事物fraternal [frə'tɜːn(ə)l] adj. 兄弟般的；友好的propose [prəu'pəuz] vt. 建议；打算，计划；求婚spectacular [spek'tækjulə]adj.壮观的，惊人的公开展示的horrific [hɔ'rifik] adj. 可怕的；令人毛骨悚然的underscore [,ʌndə'skɔ:] vt.强调；划线于…下n.底线，下划线capacity [kə'pæsəti] n. 能力；容量；资格，地位；生产力drastic ['dræstik] adj. 激烈的；猛烈的n. 烈性泻药futile ['fju:tail] adj. 无用的；无效的；没有出息的；琐细的；不重要的dumb [dʌm] adj. 哑的，无说话能力的；不说话的，无声音的article ['ɑ:tikəl] n. 文章；物品；条款；冠词vt. 订约将…收为学徒或见习生；使…受协议条款的约束vi. 签订协议；进行控告revisionist [ri'viʒənist] n. 修正主义者adj. 修正主义的coincide [,kəuin'said] vi. 一致，符合；同时发生premium ['pri:miəm] n. 保险费，额外费用；奖金savor ['seivə] vt. 尽情享受；使有风味；加调味品于n. 滋味；气味；食欲vi. 有…的滋味；带有…的性质sensory ['sensəri] adj. 感觉的；知觉的；传递感觉的sensor ['sensə, -sɔ:] n.传感器curmudgeon [kə:'mʌdʒən] n. 脾气坏的人，乖戾的人；吝啬鬼；存心不良的人giggly ['ɡɪɡlɪ] adj. 吃吃笑的，傻笑的grant [ɡrɑ:nt, ɡrænt] vt. 授予；允许；承认vi. 同意n. 拨款；授予物gratitude ['ɡrætitju:d] n. 感谢的心情journal ['dʒə:nəl] n. 日报，杂志；日记；[经]分类账conscientiously[kɔnʃi'enʃəsli] adv. 良心上conscientious [,kɔnʃi'enʃəs] adj. 认真的；尽责的；本着良心的；小心谨慎的count [kaunt] vt. 计算；认为vi. 计数；有价值n. 计数；计算；伯爵bless [bles] vt. 祝福；保佑；赞美subject ['sʌbdʒikt] n. 主题；科目；主语；国民adj. 服从的；易患…的；受制于…的vt. 使…隶属；使屈从于…whereas [hwεə'æz] conj. 然而；鉴于；反之。
硕士研究生英语学位-13
硕士研究生英语学位-13(总分：101.00，做题时间：90分钟)一、{{B}}PART Ⅰ LISTENING COMPREHENSION{{/B}}(总题数：0，分数：0.00)二、{{B}}Section A{{/B}}(总题数：1，分数：9.00)（分数：9.00）(1).∙ A. Jane likes to keep silent.∙ B. Jane is a woman of few words.∙ C. Jane is very forgetful.∙ D. Jane is quick to forgive others.（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D. √解析：[解析] W: I wish I never hurt Jane's feelings like that. You know I never meant to. M: The greatest thing about Jane is that she doesn't hold a grudge. She'll have forgotten all about it in a day or two. Q: What does the man say about Jane?(2).∙ A. 8:40 a.m.∙ B. 9:40 a.m.∙ C. 10:10 a.m.∙ D. 11:40 a.m.（分数：1.00）A. √B.C.D.解析：[解析] W: I've heard Sally is leaving for New York tomorrow. I'll see her off at the airport. What time is she flying? M: 10:10 a.m. But she's got to get to the airport one hour and a half earlier. Q: What time should Sally arrive at the airport?(3).∙ A. She is going to see a doctor.∙ B. She is going to the cinema.∙ C. She is going to stay at home.∙ D. She wants to have a sleep.（分数：1.00）A. √B.C.D.解析：[解析] M: Jean, I'm going to see that latest American film. Do you want to come along? W: I'd love to, but I have to see the dentist because I have a toothache, and I didn't sleep well last night. Q: What is the woman going to do?(4).∙ A. Patient and doctor.∙ B. Daughter and father.∙ C. Client and lawyer.∙ D. Athlete and coach.（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D. √解析：[解析] W: I got such a bad start in the last race; it was hard to catch up. I tired myself out trying too hard. All I could see was the backs of the others' heads. M: We'll work on your start. The most important thing is concentration. Q: What is the probable relationship between the two speakers?(5).∙ A. The man has got office work.∙ B. The man is working in an office.∙ C. The man wants to get part-time office work.∙ D. The man is unlucky to be an office worker.（分数：1.00）A.B.C. √D.解析：[解析] W: Where have you been applying recently? M: Well, I have been thinking about office work since winter is coming. Those employers want full-time workers. I have been looking for part-time work. So I haven't had much luck. Q: What do we learn from the conversation? (6).∙ A. Strange.∙ B. Courageous.∙ C. Coward.∙ D. Sensitive.（分数：1.00）A.B. √C.D.解析：[解析] W: What would you do if you heard a strange noise in the middle of the night? M: I'd wonder what it was, I suppose. I would lie awake a little while, waiting to see if it happened again, and if it did, I'd get up and go to see what it was. Q: Which of the following can best describe the man?(7).∙ A. He needs more days off.∙ B. He is eager to get promoted.∙ C. He hopes to have less working hours.∙ D. He wants to earn more money.（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D. √解析：[解析] W: I heard that your boss has a very good impression of you, and he's going to give you a vacation. M: I hope not. I think I prefer to have more working hours and a higher salary. Q: What does the man mean?(8).∙ A. He is interested in the work.∙ B. He wanted to make alterations to the house.∙ C. lie had not enough money to have the work done.∙ D. He doesn't like to ask a favor of others.（分数：1.00）A.B.C. √D.解析：[解析] W: Well, I'm very impressed by all the work you've done on your house, Mr. Miller. How long have you been working on it? M: I first became interested in do-it-yourself several days ago. You see, my son Paul is disabled. He's in a wheelchair and I just had to make alterations to the house. I couldn't afford to pay workmen to do it. I had to do it myself. Q: What is the reason that the man had to do the work himself?.(9).∙ A. He is sick.∙ B. He is overworked.∙ C. He's getting too old.∙ D. He's too weak.（分数：1.00）A.B. √C.D.解析：[解析] W: I'm about worn out. I've been busy typing all day long, and I've got a stiff neck and sore shoulders. Guess I'm really getting old. M: Don't be silly. You just need a good rest. Q: What is the woman's real problem?三、{{B}}Section B{{/B}}(总题数：2，分数：6.00)（分数：3.00）(1).How can the new technology predict the coming earthquake?∙ A. It can find small changes below ground before the earthquake.∙ B. The devices are placed much deeper below ground.∙ C. The new electrical devices are highly sensitive.∙ D. It can help find the earthquake-prone area.（分数：1.00）A. √B.C.D.解析：[解析] Currently, the most modern systems for predicting earthquakes find them only a short time before the event. Like most strong earthquakes, the one that hit southwestern China in May was not identified early enough for people to flee the area. That earthquake killed sixty-nine thousand people. But scientists who study earthquakes are reporting that new technology could measure very small changes below ground in the Earth's surface. Their report was published in September in Nature magazine. Fenglin Niu is an earthquake expert with Rice University in Houston, Texas. He and his team performed experiments along California's San Andreas Fault, an area famous for its many earthquakes. The team placed highly sensitive electrical devices about one kilometer below ground in two different places. The devices were able to measure even small changes in air pressure below ground. The scientists say such changes are caused when rocks push together, forcing air out of small cracks in the rock. When this happens, earthquake waves travel faster than usual through the rock. The experiment was performed near Parkfield, California. Two earthquakes hit the area in late two thousand five. The first took place on December twenty- fifth. A smaller earthquake struck five days later. The scientists noted changes below ground about ten hours before the first quake struck. That quake measured three in intensity. They then found similar changes taking place two hours before the other quake struck five days later. The earthquake in China rated seven point nine in intensity. If additional tests confirm the changes are linked to earthquakes, the scientists believe their equipment could be used for early warning systems. A system that provides a signal ten hours before a major earthquake could help move people from the area and save lives. The scientists now hope they can find earthquakes with even greater intensity by placing their equipment deeper in the ground.(2).What causes the changes in air pressure below ground?∙ A. The flow of the underground water.∙ B. The movement in the Earth's center.∙ C. The increase of the temperature below ground.∙ D. The rocks below ground pushing together.（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D. √解析：(3).How can the new technology save people's lives?∙ A. It can help reduce the power of major earthquakes.∙ B. It can provide a signal a few days before a major earthquake.∙ C. It can provide a signal up to ten hours before a major earthquake.∙ D. It can tell people where the earthquake center is.（分数：1.00）A.B.C. √D.解析：（分数：3.00）(1).When was John Lennon killed by his own fan?∙ A. On December 8,1980.∙ B. On October 7,1981.∙ C. On November 9,1983.∙ D. On December 8,1984.（分数：1.00）A. √B.C.D.解析：[解析] On December 8, 1980, John Lennon was gunned down in front of his New York City apartment building. Lennon and his wife Yoko Ono had just let1 a recording studio in New York at about 10:30 p.m. on that fateful night 21 years ago, and when the couple reached their home, the now legendary Dakota, Lennon was shot repeatedly by 25 year-old fan Mark David Chapman. Lennon died soon after of massive blood loss and was pronounced dead on arrival at Roosevelt Hospital. Lennon's legacy is his phenomenal body of work, both as a member of the Beatles and as a solo artist. Lennon's very public murder raised security issues for celebrities henceforward, since being approachable and accessible is a large part of being an entertainer, even when it often constitutes an invasion of privacy. Singer-songwriter Dan Fogelberg spoke with LAUNCH some time ago about his own personal fears. "I've had privacy problems, especially in the 90s, with overzealous fans—obsessive fans—and I've had to limit what gets to me and what gets to my friends and my loved ones. And, unfortunately, that's part of celebrity, I am not as approachable as I perhaps would like to be, you know?" That's an unfortunate part of our time: The security threats to people. ! mean, we are in New York City. John Lennon was killed here by his own fan. "It's a consideration you unfortunately have to deal with in any aspect of public life," he said. When was John Lennon killed by his own fan?(2).How old was Mark David Chapman when he shot at John Lennon?∙ A. 25 years old.∙ B. 21 years old.∙ C. 23 years old.∙ D. 24 years old.（分数：1.00）A. √B.C.D.解析：[解析] How old was Mark David Chapman when he shot at John Lennon?(3).Who is Dan Fogelberg?∙ A. A singer song writer.∙ B. A director singer.∙ C. A composer songwriter.∙ D. An actor singer.（分数：1.00）A. √B.C.D.解析：[解析] Who is Dan Fogelberg?四、{{B}}Section C{{/B}}(总题数：1，分数：5.00)（分数：5.00）(1).What used to be the only way some people traveled in Bangkok?（分数：1.00）填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：By elephant）解析：[解析] Bangkok has all the problems of any modern city including world-class traffic jams. It also has some traffic problems unique to Thailand. CNN's Bangkok Bureau chief, Daninque explains. This used to be the only way some people traveled in Bangkok, by elephant. A long time ago cars replaced them, but some can still be seen in the city, nice for tourists but a real problem for city officials. Elephants can cause a traffic jam that is already bad to become worse. The city of Bangkok has now ordered the elephants off the streets. Elephant handlers will be fined if police catch them on the streets but most are encouraged to be here instead. The city has created an elephant sanctuary so the animals have a place to go instead of roaming the streets. In recent weeks it has turned into somewhat of a local tourist attraction. School children have flocked to the vacant lot for what might be the first time to see a live elephant. So far the elephant rescue program has been a success. Fifteen have been taken off the streets and brought here to the elephant center. Twelve of them returned back home to the provinces sort of half way house for Pakiderms. The elephant camp is only a temporary solution to the problem. Thailand does have an elephant round—up once each year in the northern province. It is promoted by tourism officials. But city officials are working on a plan to turn their problems into profit. Some are talking about making the elephant camp permanent at a larger location. It could provide tourists the same chance as these school children.(2).The elephant sanctuary in recent weeks has turned into somewhat of a______.（分数：1.00）填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：local tourist attraction）解析：(3).How many elephants have been taken off the streets and brought here to the elephant center?（分数：1.00）填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：Fifteen）解析：(4).How many times each year are there for an elephant to round up in Thailand?（分数：1.00）填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：Once）解析：(5).City officials of Bangkok are working on a plan to turn their problem into______.（分数：1.00）填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：profit）解析：五、{{B}}PART Ⅱ VOCABULARY{{/B}}(总题数：0，分数：0.00)六、{{B}}Section A{{/B}}(总题数：10，分数：5.00)1.Her instructions are so complicated that I cannot {{U}}deduce{{/U}} from them what she wants.∙ A. outline∙ B. infer∙ C. subtract∙ D. persuade（分数：0.50）A.B. √C.D.解析：[解析] outline“总结”subtract“抽取”，persuade“劝说”，只有B项infer“推论，推断”符合题意。
医学院校硕士研究生英语读与写(第二版)UNIT 13
首都医科大学应用语言学系
English for Master Students in Medical Universities
Department of Applied Linguistics Capital Medical University
教材总主编
From /wiki/Monsanto
Background information to Text A
Related background information to Text A US FDA: The Food and Drug Administration (FDA or USFDA) is an agency of the United States Department of Health and Human Services. The FDA is responsible for protecting and promoting public health through the regulation and supervision of food safety, tobacco products, dietary supplements, prescription and over-thecounter pharmaceutical drugs (medications), vaccines, biopharmaceuticals, blood transfusions, : medical devices, electromagnetic radiation emitting devices (ERED), and veterinary products.
研究生综合英语unit13
• This is a very exciting time in the world of information.
It's not just that the personal computer has come along as a great tool. The whole pace of business is moving faster. Globalization is forcing companies to do things in new ways. ---- Bill Gates
• Aesthetic Life: The Past and Present of
Artistic Cultures (2007)
• Conserving Cultures:
Technology, Globalization, and the Future of Local Cultures
(2004)
3. imminent adj. close in time, about to occur There appeared no imminent danger. 眼前似乎没有危险。
4. annihilation n. total destruction There is still the threat of nuclear war and annihilation of the human race nowadays. 现在依然存在核战争的威胁和人类的灭绝。
5. respite n. a relief from harm or discomfort 1) It was some weeks now since they had had any respite from shellfire. 他们已经好几周没有在炮 火中获得任何喘息的机会了。 2) Devaluation would only give the economy a brief respite. 贬值只能让经济得到暂时的缓解。
研究生英语课文翻译Unit 13
Nine years for A and BDr. Johnson was the greatest man who made a dictionary. James A.H.Murray was the man who made the greatest dictionary: From 1879 to 1915, when he died, he devoted his life to the creation of the Oxford English Dictionary. Dr. Johnson had earned the right , as we have not, to call the lexicographer “a harmless drudge” for Jonson knew not only that a great deal more than drudgery is involved, but also that the amount of drudgery in the making of a dictionary is simply unimaginable. Even the dictionary maker fortunately can’t make real to himself in advance. Johnson博士是编著字典中最伟大的人，但是默里却编著了最伟大的字典。
从1879年起之道1915年他趋势，他把他的一生都倾注到牛津英语字典的编著中。
我们无权评价词典编纂者，但Johnson博士有这个权利，他称他们为“无害的苦力”，因为他知道编撰字典需要的远远不止苦力，并且其所需的乏味的工作的工作量简直无法想象。
即使是字典编撰者本人也无法提前知道？。
So the lexicographer-even a profoundly thoughtful and experienced one like James Murray-will grasp at the notion that the letter A is typical, so that he can really calculate, now that he has done A, how long are the vistas ahead. And then, all too soon, he is having to admit, not only that A isn’t typical(apparently it has lots of classically derived words, and these don’t have a great many senses), but that the whole idea of a typical letter is a will-o’-the-wisp. Or again, the lexicographer estimates the amount of time and effort involved in chasing up rare words or scientific terms and then finds that the hardest words are the ones that might seem easiest. The longest entry in the Oxford English Dictionary is for that simple slippery little word set, and Murray was plunged into black despair by “the terrible word Black and its derivatives.”所以即使是一个像默里这样思想深刻并且经验丰富的字典编撰者，也会谨记“字母A是典型”这个观念，既然他已经完成了A，今后还需要花费多长时间，他就可以实际的计算出来了。
硕士研究生综合英语教程课文全文翻译9-13
课本全文Unit 9 Ambition雄心壮志上大学的时候，我的朋友贝思非常雄心勃勃。
她不仅为自己、也为她的朋友们设定远大的志向。
她对国际关系、旅游和读法学院都感兴趣。
她常常煞有介事地说：“我打算有朝一日当上国务卿。
”我俩有位共同的朋友是学文学的，准备读研究生，贝思认定他将成为耶鲁大学英文系主任。
另一位朋友对政治新闻工作感兴趣，被认定将来有一天会成为《时代》杂志的编辑。
我的专业是生物学，这就麻烦了，因为贝思有个从童年时起就最要好的朋友也是学生物的，而且贝思早已决定了她将获得诺贝尔奖。
幸好我对写小说的兴趣解决了这个问题，即我获得诺贝尔文学奖，而她的那位朋友则获得诺贝尔科学奖。
这只是一个玩笑；我们当时都是些自命不凡的一年级大学生，自以为只要我们要，整个世界就会是我们的。
但这又不完全是玩笑。
我们都是聪明的一年级大学生，有什么理由不让自己尽情梦想呢？我一向喜欢有雄心壮志的人，而且我的许多最亲密的朋友都抱有远大的理想。
我喜欢这种人，不是因为我极度渴望成为未来国务卿的好朋友，而是因为我觉得有雄心壮志的人令人愉快，与他们谈话很有趣，看着他们也很开心。
当然，我喜欢他们还因为我自己也有远大的抱负，而且我不会为此而感到愧悔。
“抱负”这个词一直以来都名声不好。
早在17世纪的时候，Spinoza认为，抱负与欲望一样，“虽然不是病，但都是疯狂的一种表现。
”特别是有抱负的女性，通常不讨人喜欢。
抱负一旦与“职业女性”联系起来，那必是一个残酷无情、铁石心肠、牺牲朋友利益以达到成功巅峰的形象。
到了十七世纪后期和十八世纪，“抱负”就变成很多人所追求的了，以至于《如何走向成功》这类书都成了畅销书。
虽然“抱负”依然被看作是败坏的品质，但是坏品质也不错啊，因为它们可以帮你谋求自身的利益。
我所说的雄心是指尽情的梦想，无尽的期盼和希望。
我并不太喜欢非常明确、可以实现的志向，像《如何走向成功》的作者在职业策略课程中教人们所树立的那种志向。
我喜欢宏大的理想，因为它让我们感到：只要我们足够坚定勤奋，外加一点好运，世界可能会在某一时刻向我们敞开大门。
Unit 13研究生英语 听力原文
Unit 13 Marketing StrategiesSection TelemarketingDirections:Listen to a telephone call from a telemarketer. As you listen choose the best answer for each question.Man: Hello. Telemarketer: Good evening, Sir. Is this Mr. Charles Philips?Man: Yes, it is.Telemarketer: Well, Mr. Phillips. This evening, I'm calling to offer you a special discount on ...Man: Ah, no, let me guess. You want to sell a subscription to the newspaper or a great deal on airfare to Hawaii, right? [Well, . . . ]. Or, you want to offer me an unbelievable bargain on flamenco dance lessons.Telemarketer: No, no, actually…Mr. Jones. [Huh?] Oh, sorry. That was the last guy. [Ah, great.] Uh, we want to offer you a free trial membership to our sports club downtown at the introductory price of $39.95Man: Thirty-nine ninety-five?'? I thought you said free! Uh, listen. I'm not interested. Telemarketer: Well, it includes unlimited access to all our facilities, including the gym, weight room, racketball courts, and swimming pool.Man: Again, I'm not interested. I have my own fitness program I do around the house Telemarketer: anyway. Well, this is a once-in-a-lifetime deal.Man: Nah. Like I said, I'll pass this time. And please put me on your "don't call" list. Telemarketer: Okay. It'll take between four and six months before your name will be removed from our database. [Months?!?] You might be called by another representative during that time.Man: Ah, man. Ah, greatTelemarketer: Have a nice evening, Mr. Williams.Man: Ah. man.Section B Describing New ProductsDirections:Listen to sales representatives describing new products. Are these products selling well? Complete the chart below.Salesperson 1OK, our new subzero sleeping bag here has a patented design, and it has revolutionary filling. We've had it tested by hikers and campers in subzero temperatures. And they're not only happy with the warmth, but they're also very pleased with how light it is. Now, our bags also take up less room than the bulkier, heavier sleeping bags you're used to, so campers don't have to sacrifice any of their equipment. We found that people who are new to hiking didn't like the term "subzero" because the idea of being outdoors when it's that cold is not very appealing. So, now we just emphasize how warm and lightweight it is, and it's selling better than any other sleeping bag!Salesperson 2You know, I first thought that this compact, portable electronic dictionary was going to sell really well—especially with the back-to-school market. You know, all school kids need to check a dictionary, right? Well, it Just doesn't seem to be taking off. I'm finding out that more and more kids these days have computers. And you know that computers have software with dictionaries, and most word-processing programs have spell check. Then I thought, "OK, there are still people who like to write the old-fashioned way, with pen and paper." Well, a number of those people have told me that they still like the old-fashioned dictionaries, too.Salesperson 3We sell this really neat remote-control device that sends out a signal to start your car. It even lets you heat it up before you have to go out. That's a really great feature in the winter. So often, you know, people complain about how long it takes to warm up the car. People hate being cold . . . and they hate having to wait even more! This gizmo sells really well during the winter holidays.Section C QuestionnaireDirections: Listen to a dialogue between a market researcher and a consumer. As you listen, complete the form with the information you hear.Woman: Yes?Man: Oh, good morning, Madam. I'm from Pestaway Market Research. I'm doingconsumer research in this area. I wonder if you'd mind telling me—do you use Pestaway in your home?Woman: Pestaway? Oh—the insecticide thing. Well, yes, as a matter of fact, I do,Man: What do you use it for. Madam? Fleas, ants, cockroaches, woodworm?Woman: Oh, cockroaches. This is an old house, you see, and we often get cockroaches in the kitchen. I tried scrubbing and disinfecting but it didn't seem to be much good, and then 1 heard a commercial about Pestaway, so I thought I'd try that.Man: Was that on 'IV?Woman: No, it was radio—one of those early morning shows.Man: You heard it advertised on the radio. Fine. And you say you use it in the kitchen. Do you use it anywhere else in the house? In the bathroom, say?Woman: Oh, no we've never had any trouble anywhere else. We get the odd wasp in the summer sometimes, but I don't bother about them. It's the cockroaches I don't like—nasty, creepy-crawly things.Man: And you find Pestaway does the trick?Woman: Well, yes, it's quite good. It gets rid of most of them. Man: How long have you been using it, Madam?Man: Every six weeks or so. I see. Where do you buy your Pestaway, Madam?Supermarket? Chemist?Woman: Oh, no. I get it at the litde shop at the end of this street. They stock practically everything. It means taking a bus if I want to go to the supermarket.Man: Well, thank you very much. Madam. Oh, could I have your name please? Woman: Mrs. Egcrton—Mary Egerton—that's E-G-E-R-T-0-N.Man: E-G-E-R-T-0-N. And the address is 12, Holly Crescent, Peterford?Woman: That's right.Man: Might I ask your age. Madam?Woman: Oh—well—er—just put down I'm over fifty.Man: As you like, Mrs. Egerton. And occupation—housewife?Woman: Well, I used to be a telephonist before I married. I had a very good job with the Post Office, but what with a husband to look after and four children to bring up, itdoesn't leave you much time, does it?Man: Occupation—"housewife". Well, thank you very much for your time, Madam. You've been most helpful.Part III Listening Comprehension TestDirections:In this section, you will hear two talks. Complete the sentences and answer the questions below. You will hear each talk twice. At the end of each talk therewill be a 3-minute pause, during which time you are asked to write down youranswers briefly. You now have 25 seconds to read the questions or sentencesbelow.Talk OnePackaging is an important form of advertising. A package can sometimes motivate someone to buy a product. For example, a small child might ask for a breakfast food that comes in a box with a picture of a TV character. The child is more interested in the picture than in the breakfast food. Pictures for children to color or cut out, games printed on a package, or small gifts inside a box also motivate many children to buy products—or to ask their parents for them.Some packages suggest that a buyer will get something for nothing. Food products sold in reusable containers are examples of this. Although a similar product in a plain container might cost less, people often prefer to buy the product in a reusable glass or dish, because they believe the container is free. However, the cost of the container is added to the cost of the product.The size of a package also motivates a buyer. Maybe the package has "Economy Size" or "Family Size" printed on it. This suggests that the large size has the most product for the least money. But that is not always true. To find out, a buyer has to know how the product is sold and the price of the basic unit.The information on the package should provide some answers. But the important thing for any buyer to remember is that a package is often an advertisement. The words and pictures do not tell the whole story. Only the product inside can do that.Question 1. According to the passage, what is the meaning of the word "motivate"? Question 2. What does 'A buyer will get something for nothing" most probably mean? Question 3. Why do people prefer to buy the product in a reusable glass or dish?Talk TwoMarshall Field's, a department store in Chicago, has long used the motto: "Give the lady what she wants." Finding out what the customer wants is one of the problems marketing research tries to solve. Marketing research has been defined as trying to analyze marketing problems scientifically. It studies people as buyers and sellers, examining their habits, attitudes, preferences, dislikes, and purchasing power. It often studies specific groups of people, such as teenagers, high-income groups, or senior citizens.Marketing research is divided into a number of sub-areas. Advertising research attempts to find out the effectiveness of advertising. It also seeks to learn the best media for advertising specific products: television, newspapers, radio, magazines, billboards, and others. Market analysis tries to identify and measure markets for specific products and to estimate sales potential. Markets may be differentiated by population groups or by geography. Some types of clothing are more likely to sell in Florida and California than in the northern Midwest. Some cosmetics will appeal more to black customers than to white customers. Performance analysis helps a company learn how well it is meeting its goals of sales and profits. Product research covers the whole area of new product development.Marketing research is an expensive undertaking, and its costs are built into the prices of products.Unit 14 About HealthSection A Talking about SymptomsDirections: Listen to the conversations. Check off all the symptoms you hear. You may hear more than one symptom for each.Conversation 1Miyoko: Hi, Wendy!Wendy: Hello.Miyoko: What's wrong? Are you sick?Wendy: Yeah. I have a really bad headache.Miyoko: Oh. I'm sorry- You want some aspirin?Wendy: No thanks. I'm just gonna go to bed and rest.Conversation 2Lisa: Hey girl. What's up?Leslie: Not much. What about you?Lisa: Nuthin' special. Hey, are you okay?Leslie: Yeah. I guess I'm Just really sore from going to the climbing gym yesterday. Lisa: Me, too' 1 guess we overdid it. My back is sore, and 1 have a stiff neck.Leslie: Next time, we'd better stretch after we exercise!Lisa: Yes! Good idea.Conversation 3Professor Chavez: Hi, Tony. How are you?Tony: Not so good, Professor Chavez. I think I'm coming down with a bad cold.Professor Chavez: Really? What's wrong?Tony: Well, I have a stuffy nose and a cough.Professor Chavez: Do you have a fever? You look a little warm.Tony: Maybe. I feel kinda hot.Professor Chavez: Tony, you should go home and go to bed- You might have the flu that's been going around.Tony: OK. That sounds like a good idea.Professor Chavez: Remember to drink lots of juice and get lots of rest. I hope you feel better soon!Conversation 4Stephanie: Hello?Mom: Stephanie, it's Mom.Stephanie: Hi, Mom.Mom: I just called to. see how you were feeling.Stephanie: Thanks, Mom. Actually, I still have a fever.Mom: Did you take some medicine?Stephanie: Yeah. It's helping.Mom: What about your stomach? Is it still bothering you?Stephanie: Yeah-1 still feel sick to my stomach.Mom; Oh honey, I'm sorry. Is there anything I can do?Stephanie: No thanks, Mom. I feel better just talking to you.Conversation 5Brian: Erica, I found that report we were looking for.Erica: Great! Let's take a look at it. Brian: Achoooo!Erica: Oh, Brian, are you still not feeling well?Brian: Yeah. This morning I felt better, but now my head hurts.Erica: Are you getting enough sleep?Brian: 1 slept a lot last night, but I still feel tired.Erica: Listen,Brian. I can handle things here today. Why don't you go home and rest? We can finish this project tomorrow. There's no hurry.Brian: Thanks, Erica. I might just do that.Conversation 6Doug; Jenny, wait up!Jenny: Doug! I'm glad to see you. 1 wanted to tell you how much fun I had last weekend. Doug: Yeah. We enjoyed it too. We always enjoy hiking in the mountains. Unfortunately, Mary and I are both scratching like crazy.Jenny; Oh no. Poison oak?Doug: I'm afraid so. We both have a rash on our legs.Jenny: Oh, Doug. That's too bad. Doug: Yeah. We feel really itchy.Jenny: Oh no. we had such a nice day together'Doug: Yeah. We had a good time, too. Next time we'll be more careful-Section B Talking to a DoctorDirections:Listen to a conversation between a doctor and a student. First check off the health problem you hear. Then write down the three things the doctor advisesthe student to do. Write complete sentences.Part 1Doctor: Hello, MicheUe. I'm Dr. Benson.MicheUe: Hi.Doctor: How are you feeling today?Michelle: Not so good.Doctor: Well, what seems to be the problem?Michelle; I have a bad cold.Doctor: I can hear that. How long have you had it?Michelle: About three weeks- Every time I think it's going away, I get sick again. Doctor: OK, Michelle. I'm going to examine you now.Part 2Doctor: Michelle, we didn't find an infection. That's good. That means that you only have a bad cold. That means that you don't need to take any medicine. But Iknow that you don't feel very well. I want to ask you some questions, all right? MicheUe: OK.Doctor: Has school been very difficult lately?Michelle: Well . . . not really. I've been drinking a lot of coffee to stay up late to study. Doctor: What about exercise? Have you been able to get any exercise during midterm exam?Michelle: No. I've been studying so much I haven't had time.Doctor: Well, Michelte. It sounds to me as though you've been studying so much that you haven't given your body a chance to get better. When you're sick, you needto pay attention to your body. I'm going to give some advice. If you follow myadvice, you'll start to feel better soon. OK?Michelle; OK.Doctor: Well, first, you must sleep more. You need to get at least seven or eight hours ofsleep every night. You cannot study well if you don't get enough sleep –Michelle: I know.Doctor: Next, you have to eat better. Your body cannot work well if you don't give it good food. Try to eat more vegetables and fruits. And limit your coffee to twocups a day.Michelle: OK.Doctor: Finally, you should exercise more. Try to exercise at least three times per week.It doesn't have to be running or aerobics. Walking is an excellent exercise and iseasy to do. Michelle: All right.Doctor: Any questions?Michelle: So you think I should sleep more, eat better, and exercise more. If I do those things, I'll feel better?Doctor: And you won't get sick as often, Michelle.Michelle: Thanks a lot. Doctor.Doctor: You're very welcome, Michelle. Take care.Section C Exercise Information LineDirections: You will hear a short lecture on why people don't exercise. It is from a health telephone information line. Listen carefully for sequence words and phrases tounderstand the lecture. Write down the five reasons why people do not exercise. Healthphone Topic 364: ExerciseMost people know that exercise is important. But many people don't exercise. In this announcement you will hear the five most common reasons why people don't exercise. You will also hear some easy solutions.The first problem? No time. "I don't have any time to exercise. I'm too busy." But you don't need a lot of time to exercise. Short periods of exercise are just as good as long periods of exercise. The solution? You should take two or three short walks every day. For example, ten minutes in the morning, ten minutes at lunch, and ten minutes after dinner.Next, money. "I don't have money to go to a gym. 1 don't have money to buy expensive shoes." No problem. You don't have to spend money to exercise. All you need is a street and comfortable clothes. Our solution? Walk. Don't drive. For instance, walk to thestore, to the library, to the bank. Walking is free and easy.The third most common reason is bad weather. "It's raining. It's too hot. It's snowing." Here's a solution. Exercise inside. For example, turn on some music. Dance. Or clean the house. You can go to the shopping mall and walk fast.Fourth, people say they're tired. "I'm too tired to exercise. I'll exercise when I have more energy." But exercise gives you energy. Most people feel too tired because they don't exercise. The solution? Exercise every day. Take a walk. Go for a bike ride. Run around the block. You'll feel great! And you won't feel tired.Finally, some people feel embarrassed. "I feel silly exercising. I don't have a great body." Listen to this solution: Don't feel bad; you should feel great! You're taking care of your body. Little by little, you will feel better. Just do it!You have heard the five reasons why people don't exercise. More importantly, you have heard five solutions to overcome these problems. Now that you have heard this message, go out and exercise! Good luck.Part III Listening Comprehension TestDirections: In this section, you will hear a short lecture about ways to stay healthy. Take notes while you listen. You will hear the lecture read to you twice. At the end ofthe lecture there will be a 3-minute pause, during which time you are asked towrite down your answers briefly.This lecture will give you advice on how to stay healthy. It will cover ten ways to stay healthy.First, exercise every day. Exercise will help you to maintain your weight. It will also help you to prevent health problems such as cancer and heart disease. Finally, exercise makes you feel good! So get a little exercise every day.Second, get enough sleep. Most people don't get enough sleep. But sleep helps you to think clearly and do good work. Your body needs to rest. Then you have energy to do you best. So try to sleep at least seven or eight hours every night.Third, eat green things. All green food is good for you. For example, spinach, broccoli, green beans, artichokes, kale, cabbage, green apples, and grapes. Fruits and vegetables arevery important to your health. So eat some green things today'Fourth, don't smoke. Smoking causes cancer and other diseases. It can hurt your friends and family when you smoke. It costs a lot of money. So don't smoke.Fifth, don't drink a lot of alcohol. Alcohol can cause a lot of problems. Many car accidents are caused by alcohol. Alcohol can make you overweight. So drink a little if you like, but don't drink a lot.Sixth, wear a seat belt. Many people are injured or killed because they aren't wearing a seat belt. Don't drive with anyone who is not wearing a seal belt. And make sure your passengers are all wearing a seat belt before you drive. Buckle up!Seventh, drink lots of water. Everyone should drink 6~8 glasses of water every day. Your body needs water to work well. Water also has no calories. People who drink a lot of water don't feel as hungry. So drink up!Eighth, visit your doctor for regular checkups. During a checkup your doctor can give you tests and check your health. Many serious health problems are found during a regular checkup. So don't go to the doctor only when you are sick. See the doctor once a year for a checkup.Ninth, reduce stress- Stress causes many serious health problems. It affects your personal and professional lives. Try to have less stress in your life. Relax more! Stress less.Tenth, spend time with friends and family. We all need to enjoy our life with others. Your friends and family will make you feel good. If you feel good, you will stay healthy! So make time for your loved ones.。
LUnit13研究生英语听说教程提高级第三版
The rules of the game
1. Each group is made up of 4-5 people. The first person reads the sentences on the slip of paper for 30 seconds and tries to remember them.
5. Disregard what the world owes you, and concentrate on what you owes the world.
6. When you are faced with a decision, make that decision as wisely as possible -- then forget it.
Activity 2: Video watching
Watch the video clip and answer the questions below.
1. What does the host say body language can do? 2. What should we pay attention to when observing
93% of what we communicate with others is non-verbal — Bang, bang, bang! — 93%! Think about that. 93%! So it’s our tone of voice, our pitch (音高), our posture (姿态), micro-expressions on our face and different gestures that we might use. So we put all the significance on 7% for words; we shouldn’t have really been doing that.
考研13-15单元
考研英语词汇Unit13-15记忆院系___________姓名__________月日成绩满意度Unit13exceedingly detect derive depict Former perform performative formation reformatory Informative noconformist imformativeness uniformity formidable inffectual efficient puzzlement satisfy dissatisfaction Stock controversy dispute efrequent universal universalize deprive sentiment dispostion Revise recast intranet philosophical remains counterbalanceUnit14elitism gradual entrepreneur colony complicate inherit definition adoptive crucial quote C restore revive resume endeavor external clue exert Permanent trait peculiarity cater capable Unit15dependent reliant ultimate indicate brand designate intimate downshift nevertheless sufficient extension extensive Guaranteepledge conventional expectancy lure marine privacy illusion pursue insistence chronic whereas declare combat integrate merge enomousPhraseat/on short notice be characterized by on the decline lie with sb stock price 【】Level off in contact with strive for impose sth.on cater for be proficient in 【】To some extent meet the expectation consist in/on remind sb.of... 【】单选：得分【】1.Research on animal intelligence also makes me wonder what experiments animals would _______ on humans if they had the chance.[A]deliver [B]carry [C]perform [D]apply2.The vocabulary and grammtical differences beween British and American English are so trivial and few as hardly______.[A]noticed [B]to be noticed [C]being noticed [D]to notice3.As an industry,biotechnology stands to______electronics in dollar volume and perhaps surpass it in social impact by 2020.[A]contend [B]contest [C]rival [D]strive4.In this factory the machines are not regulated______but are jointly controlled by central computer system.[A]independently [B]individually [C]irrespectively [D]irregularly。
考研英语阅读unit-13
Unit 13Wisdom in the mind is better than money in the hand.P art ADirections：Read the following texts. Answer the questions blow each text by choosing [A],[B],[C] or [D].Text 1What is sports violence? The distinction between unacceptable viciousness and a game’s normal rough-and-tumble is impossible to make, so the argument runs. This position may appeal to our inclination for legalism, but the truth is most of us know quite well when an act of needless savagery has been committed, and sports are little different from countless other activities of life. The distinction is as apparent as that between a deliberately aimed blow and the arm failing of the losing his balance. When a player balls his hand into a fist, when he drives his helmet into an unsuspecting opponent in short, when he crosses the boundary between playing hard and playing to hurt—he can only intend an act of violence.Admittedly, rough acts in sports are difficult to police. But here, too, we find reflected the conditions of everyday life. Ambiguities in the law, confusion at the scene, and the reluctance of witnesses cloud almost any routine assault case. Such uncertainties, however, have not prevented society from arresting people who strike their fellow citizens on the street.Perhaps our troubles stem not from the games we play but rather from how we play them. The 1979 meeting between hockey stars from the Soviet Union and the National Hockey League provided a direct test of two approaches to sport—the emphasis on skill, grace, and technique by the Russians and the stress on brutality and violence by the NHL. In a startling upset, the Russians embarrassed their rough-playing opponents and exploded a long-standing myth: that success in certain sports requires excessive violence.Violence apologists cite two additional arguments. First, they say, sports always have been rough; today things are no different. But arguments in American’s Old West were settled on Main Street with six guns, and early cave dwellers chose their women with a club. Civilizing influences ended those practices; yet we are told sports violence should be tolerated. The second contention is that athletes accept risk as part of the game, and, in the case of professionals, are paid handsomely to do so. But can anyone seriously argue that being an athlete should require the acceptance of unnecessary physical abuse? And, exaggerated as it may seem, the pay of professional athletes presumably reflects their abilities, not a payment againstcombat injuries.“Clearly we are in deep trouble,”says perplexed former football player AL DeRogatis. “But how and w hy has it gotten so bad?”1. According to the author,deliberate violence in sports is[A] impossible to tell from paying hard.[B] ambiguous in any circumstances.[C] too apparent to escape observation.[D] evident if enough attention is paid to.2. A violence apologist probably thinks that[A] violence in sports is a rare occurrence.[B] violence in sports is not necessary.[C] athletes are paid enough for their injuries.[D] professional athletes enjoy violence.3. In the last paragraph the author indicates that[A] nothing can be done about violence in sports.[B] football players are concerned about violence in sports.[C] violence in sports is worse now than it ever was.[D] athletes are confused about what should be allowed in sports.4. According to the author,which of the following is true？[A] athletes’ personalities have effects on the inclination for violent.[B] athletes who emphasis on skill,grace and technique will win.[C] athletes should not have to accept unnecessary physical abuse[D] athletes need higher salaries to compensate for their injuries.5. We can infer from the text that[A] violence in sports is illegal.[B] skill is more important than aggression.[C] athletes should not be injured in sports.[D] violence in sports is not necessary.Text 2Bruno Lundby, 39, was one of the ranks of typically low-paid, low-status workers who fill supermarket shelves, serve fast food, change hotel beds or empty office waste bins, often at unsocial hours and with little expectation of anything better. Lacking formal qualifications, he drifted from the army into odd cleaning jobs. Then, unexpectedly, he found the opportunity for advancement in a management training program offered by ISS, the Danish support services group. Today he sits in a spotless, air-conditioned office supervising all ISS damage control operations in the greater Copenhagen area.“I couldn’t have imagined getting to where I am today when I started,”he says.“I was surprised to be offered a future at ISS in 1993 when I became a supervi sor.” In the past three years, he has been promoted three times.ISS, which employs 272,000 people in 36 countries in Europe, Asia and Latin America in cleaning and other contract work, still appears to be an exception in the services sector in offering career progression to workers.The pursuit of customer satisfaction is a strong feature of companies that treat blue-collar staff as more than a commodity. Tesco, the supermarket group that is the UK’s largest private sector employer with 210,000 employees, recently formalized a practice of nurturing management potential among shelf-stackers and check-out staff.“The ones who respect customers are the oneswho get on,”says Clare Chapman, human resources director. In the past five months, 245 employees have been promoted from general store assistant to section manager, 149 from section manager to senior store team and 33 from senior team to store manager. These staff are coached, assessed and then trained for their new responsibilities. The talent-spotting program applies to all staff, including 45,700 in Tesco’s overseas stores.ISS acknowledges that by offering career progression it has changed the nature of its contract with blue-collar employees, raising expectations on both sides that may not always be met.④For Mr. Lundby, career progress has induced loyalty to his employer and greater self-esteem.“Personal skills are often more important than high educational qualifications if you have to deal with people every day,”he says. “I’m a practical, not an academic person. I know the business from the bottom. I know the loopholes and the hardships.”6. It can be infered from paragraph 1 that Mr. Lundby[A] has anticipated his condition would be improved.[B] works hard but still has no chance to get improved.[C] has been promoted for he has formal qualifications.[D] had some of the toughest, dirtiest jobs before.7. Which of the following is true about the service sector?[A] Blue-collar workers in it have little chance to be promoted.[B] Companies in it always pursue customer satisfaction.[C] Companies in it always treat blue-collar staff as a commodity.[D] Workers in it have more chance to be promoted than in others8. In Tesco, employees will have chance to be promoted if[A] they are loyal to their employer.[B] they join management training program.[C] they make their customers satisfied.[D] they work as hard as they’re expected.9. By offering career progression to blue-collars,companies[A] will have more managers.[B] will be more competitive.[C] will have high expectations.[D] will have less responsibility.10. Which of the following is the best title of this passage?[A] The Story of Bruno Lundby.[B] Management Training Program.[C] Career Progression Inducing Self-esteem.[D] From Dead-end Job to Bright Career.Text 3The Internet, e-commerce and globalization are making a new economic era possible. By the middle of the 21st century, capitalist markets will largely be replaced by a new kind of economic system based on networked relationships, contractual arrangements and access rights.Has the quality of our lives at work, at home and in our communities increased in direct proportion to all the new Internet and business-to-business Intranet services being introduced intoour lives?I have asked this question of hundreds of CEOs and corporate executives in Europe and the United States. Surprisingly, virtually everyone has said, “No, quite the contrary.” The very people responsible for ushering in what some have called a “technological renaissance”say they are working longer hours, feel more stressed, are more impatient, and are even less civil in their dealings with colleagues and friends — not to mention strangers. And what’s more revealing, they place much of the blame on the very same technologies they are so aggressively championing.The techno gurus promised us that access would make life more convenient and give us more time. Instead, the very technological wonders that were supposed to liberate us have begun to enslave us in a web of connections from which there seems to be no easy escape.If an earlier generation was preoccupied with the quest to enclose a vast geographic frontier, the dotcom generation, it seems, is more caught up in the colonization of time. Every spare moment of our time is being filled with some form of commercial connection, making time itself the most scarce of all resources. Our e-mail, voice mail and cell phones, our 24-hour electronic trading markets, online banking services, all-night e-commerce, and 24-hour Internet news and entertainment all holler for our attention.And while we have created every kind of labor-and-time-saving device to service our needs, we are beginning to feel like we have less time available to us than any other humans in history. That is because the great proliferation of labor-and-time-saving services only increases the diversity, pace and flow of commodified activity around us. For example, e-mail is a great convenience. However, we now find ourselves spending much of our day frantically responding to each other’s electronic messages. The cell phone is a great time-saver. Except now we are always potentially in reach of someone else who wants our attention.Social conservatives talk about the decline in civility and blame it on the loss of a moral compass and religious values. Has anyone bothered to ask whether the hyper-speed culture is making all of us less patient and less willing to listen and defer, consider and reflect?Maybe we need to ask what kinds of connections really count and what types of access really matter in the e-economy era. If this new technology revolution is only about hyper efficiency, then we risk losing something even more precious than time —our sense of what it means to be a caring human being.11.The author suggests that the most valuable resource in today’s society is[A] technology. [B] economic assets. [C] access to information. [D] time.12.According to the text, many corporate executives feel that[A] technological advances are essential to today’s economic system.[B] technology has actually led to a decline in their quality of life.[C] longer hours are making their workers more impatient and uncivil.[D] technology can be blamed for many of today’s social problems.13.The phra se “the colonization of time” (Line 2, Para.4) refers to[A] the filling of every moment of our time.[B] the quest for efficiency in the workplace.[C] the growing use of time-saving services.[D] the impact of technology on our sense of time.14.In the sixth paragraph, the author suggests that[A] new technologies may make people more impatient.[B] social conservatives do not understand the importance of technology.[C] the speed of modern culture may impact our moral and religious values.[D] people in the technology sector are less civil than those in other fields.15.The best title for this text could be[A] The Failure of the Technological Renaissance.[B] Even Corporate Executives Get the Blues.[C] The New Internet Economy.[D] The Disadvantages of Too Much Access.Text 4The Net success of “Lazy Sunday” represents a defining moment for the film and television business. Advances in digital video and broadband have vastly lowered the cost of production and distribution. Filmmakers are now following the path blazed by bloggers and musicians, cheaply creating and uploading their work to the Web. If it appeals to any of the Net’s niches, millions of users will pass along their films through e-mail, downloads or links. It’s the dawn of the democratization of the TV and film business—even unknown personalities are being propelled by the enthusiasm of their fans into pop-culture prominence, sometimes without even traditional intermediaries like talent agents or film festivals.“This is like bypass surgery,” sa ys Dan Harmon, a filmmaker whose monthly L.A.–based film club and Web site, Channel 101, lets members submit short videos, such as the recent 70s’ music mockumentary “Yacht Rock,” and vote on which they like best. “Finally we have a new golden age where th e artist has a direct connection to the audience.”The directors behind “Lazy Sunday” embody the phenomenon.When the shaggy-haired Samberg, 27, graduated from NYU Film School in 2001, he faced the conventional challenge of crashing the gates of Hollywood. With his two childhood friends Akiva Schaffer and Jorma Taccone, he came up with an unconventional solution: they started recording music parodies and comic videos, and posting them to their Web site, .The material got the attention o f producers at the old ABC sitcom “Spin City”, where Samberg and Taccone worked as low-level assistants; the producers sent a compilation to a talent agency. The friends got an agent, made a couple of pilot TV sketch shows for Comedy Central and Fox, featuring themselves hamming it up in nearly all the roles, and wrote jokes for the MTV Movie Awards. Even when the networks passed on their pilots, Samberg and his friends simply posted the episodes online and their fan base—at 40,000 unique visitors a month earlier this year —grew larger. Last August, Samberg joined the ”S NL” cast, and Schaffer and Taccone became writers. Now they share an office in Rockefeller Center and “are a little too cute for everyone,” Samberg says, “We are friends living our dream.”Sh ort, funny videos like “Lazy Sunday” happen to translate online, but not everything works as well. Bite-size films are more practical than longer ones; comedy plays better than drama. But almost everything is worth trying, since the tools to create and post video are now so cheap, and ad hoc audiences can form around any sensibility, however eccentric.16. The sentence “It’s dawn of the democratization of…”(Line 5-6, Para.1) shows that[A] film and television business is enjoying an unprecedented success[B] the general public are playing an active role in pop-culture[C] filmmakers are showing great enthusiasm for success on the Web[D] e-mail, downloads or links are now the main means of film distribution17. Which of the following is true according to the text?[A] “Lazy Sunday” is the representative of realizing dream by the Net.[B] Artists should develop a direct relationship with the public.[C] Short videos on the Web would prove to be the most popular productions[D] The film and television business can be compared to a bypass surgery18. Samberg’s solution was unconventional because[A] newcomers were usually denied access to Hollywood[B] he and his two childhood friends got accepted into Hollywood[C] he recorded music parodies and comic videos all by himself[D] he and his friends created and uploaded their productions to their Web site19. Which of the following plays a key role in the Net success of “Lazy Sunday”?[A] Producers at the old ABC sitcom “Spin City”.[B] Conventions of Hollywood.[C] Comic nature of the video.[D] Eccentricity of audiences online.20. The text intends to tell us[A] the unexpected success of Samberg.[B] a new direction for TV and film business.[C] the reasons behind Sambeig’s su ccess.[D] a new phenomenon in pop-culture.Part BDirections: In the article, following sentences have been removed. For Questions 21-25, choose the most suitable one from the list [A]—[G] to fit into each of the numbered blank. There are two extra choices, which do not fit in any of the gaps.Many of the philosophers we have been reading in class seem to me to be hopelessly dated．Of course, it’s easy to become trapped in writing only for the period a person lives in, and a philosophy is necessarily dependent on the historical situation and the extent of man’s knowledge. 21.However, Victor Hugo said that if he were writing for his own time only, he would have to break his pen and throw it away. 22. And it seems to me that the most frequent objections to modern and pre modern philosophers come from the incompatibility of their philosophies with what is considered to be established scientific fact. For instance, Plato’s theory of forms does not, to me, seem to jibe with modern physics and cosmology. And although I can only vaguely glimpse, the psychology which underlies Kant, it seems to be highly questionable.23.After all, physics can give us insights into metaphysics, since both seek different ways to do the same thing；psychology, sociology, anthropology, and archeology can give us insights into epistemology；various “soft”sciences dealing with comparative cultures can provide food for thought in ethics, and so on.24. Sartre, although he developed some of his ideas from Nietzsche andKierkegaard, probably could not have expounded those same ideas of existentialism in their times; Nietzsche, who popularized the idea that “God is dead”, could not have written in the time of Descartes; and Descartes could not have expressed his radically individualist ideas during the time of Plato.I suppose that my point, which I am being exceedingly long-winded about, is that philosophy does not (and should not, and must not) stand apart from the rest of the sciences.25. Although the other sciences can provide us with data, observations, and theories, only philosophy can integrate those into a coherent whole, tell us what to do with them, or provide a meaningful context for using these facts in our daily lives.[A] In my view, application of Kant s epistemology and metaphysics could never produce an artificial intelligence capable of passing a Turing test.[B] Rather, Philosophy should be integrated with the rest of the sciences through a method of rational judgment. Rather than sailing behind, or next to but away from, the rest of the sciences, philosophy should be the flagship of the group.[C] And many of the philosophers who have existed over the course of the centuries have necessarily had to worry about governmental, church, or societal disapproval, censorship, or punishment.[D] History is, of course, necessary to any understanding of a philosophy: how it came about, what people did with it, etc.[E] Although some philosophical people are not necessarily considered as philosophers today —but whose work was influential and instrumental in developing one of the social sciences (psychology, sociology, political science, education) or in advancing theoretical science (what is now called philosophy of science).[F] And so, it seems to me, the best way that a philosopher can keep from being dated is to be aware of scientific knowledge, and integrate it into philosophy. Of course, this necessitates an independent evaluation of the merits and drawbacks of a given scientific idea, which necessitates, in turn, a thorough knowledge of that theory.[G] And so, it seems to me that, in order for a philosopher to be relevant for the future as well as the present，he must take into account all of the objections to his philosophy which can be anticipated at the present time．Part CDirections:Read the following text carefully and then translate the underlined segments into Chinese.What are feelings for? Most nonscientists will find this a strange question. Feelings just are. They justify themselves. Emotions give meaning and depth to life. They need serve no other purpose in order to exist. 26)On the other hand, many evolutionary biologists, in contrast to animal behaviorists, acknowledge some emotions primarily for their survival function. For both animals and humans, fear motivates the avoidance of danger, love is necessary to care for young, and anger prepares one to hold ground. 27)But the fact that a behavior functions to serve survival need not mean that that is why it is done. Other scientists have attributed the same behavior to conditioning, to learned responses. Certainly reflexes and fixed action patterns can occur without feeling or conscious thought. A gull chick pecks at a red spot above it. The parent has a red spot on its bill; the chick pecks the parent’s bill. The gull parent feeds its chick when pecked on the bill. The baby gets fed. The interaction need have no emotional content.At the same time, there is no reason why such actions cannot have emotional content. In mammals, including humans, that have given birth, milk is often released automatically when a new baby cries. This is not under voluntary control; it is reflex. Yet this does not mean that feeding a new baby is exclusively reflex and expresses no feeling like love. Humans have feeling about their behavior even if it is conditioned or reflexive. 28)Yet since reflexes exist, and conditioned behavior is widespread, measurable, and observable, most scientists try to explain animal behavior using only these concepts. It is simpler.29)Preferring to explain behavior in ways that fit science’s methods most easily, scientists have refused to consider any causes for animal behavior other than reflexive and conditioned ones. Scientific orthodoxy holds that what cannot be readily measured or tested cannot exist, or is unworthy of serious attention. But emotional explanations for animal behavior need not be impossibly complex or unstable. 30)They are just more difficult for the scientific method to verify in the usual ways, cleverer and more sophisticated approaches are called for. Most branches of science are more willing to make successive approximations to what may prove ultimately unknowable, rather than ignoring it altogether.做题点拨与全文翻译Part AText 1语境词汇1.viciousness n.恶意, 邪恶2.tumble n.混乱；跌倒v.被绊倒3. inclination n. 倾斜，倾向；爱好4.legalism n.墨守成规；法律术语，条文5.ball v.把…捏成球n.球；舞会6.deliberately adv.故意地；慎重地7.police v.监督；守卫n.警察部门；警察8.ambiguity n.含糊不清；模棱两可的话9.cloud vt.使模糊；笼罩n.云；一群；阴影10.assault n. 攻击，突袭vt.殴打，袭击；强暴难句突破1. [In a startling upset], the Russians embarrassed their rough-playing opponents and exploded a long-standing myth: {that success in certain sports requires excessive violence}.【分析】复合句。
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review on social support and adaptation was published in the International Journal for Intercultural Relations (1988). Ms. Adelman was awarded an Interculturalist Award by the Society for Intercultural Education, Training,
1. affection a feeling of liking for a person or place友爱, 爱情, 影响,
疾病, 倾向
E.g. 1） Parents give their children much love
and affection.父母对孩子的爱. 习惯用语
fix one's affections upon sb.钟情于某人 gain sb.'s affection [affections] 得到某人
About the authors
Deena Levine has been a consultant in cross-
cultural communication for over ten years, having built her career on her earlier work in the TEFL/TESL field. She conducts workshops, seminars, and courses in cross-cultural awareness and skills for teachers, social service providers, and business people. Ms. Levine has
4. reveal to make known or show something that is surprising or that was previously secret展现, 显示, 揭示, 暴露
E.g. reveal a mystery [secret] 揭露一个秘密 reveal one's identity 揭示身分
E.g. 1) The police are pursuing an escaped
prisoner. 警方正在追捕一个在逃的犯人。
2) She pursued the study of English for five years.
她持续不断地学了五年英语。
3)The ship continued to pursue a northern course.
also co-authored a second ESL/EFL text: The Culture Puzzle: Cross-Cultural Communication for English as a Second Language(1987). She is
currently working on a book dealing with the challenges of managing multicultural law
我承担的义务太多了。
2) He doesn't want to get married because he is afraid of any commitments.
"他不想结婚,因为他害怕承担任何责任。"
3. pursue to follow someone or something, usually to try to catch or kill them追随；跟随；
ENGLቤተ መጻሕፍቲ ባይዱSH FOR
GRADUATE STUDENTS
Friendship
Relationships: Friends and Acquaintances
About the book
Written to enhance communication between individuals learning to speak English and English-speaking natives, this handbook uses the subject areas of U.S. culture and cross- cultural communication as a vehicle for learning English. Intended to help readers understand and adapt to American culture and to cultural differences affecting their communication with American English speakers.
的爱情
win sb.'s affection [affections] 得到某人 的爱情
2. commitment something that you must do or deal with that takes your time承诺；责任；
E.g.
1）I've taken on too many commitments.
5. rare not seen or found very often, or not happening very often稀有, 杰出的, 珍贵的, (肉类)半熟的
Mara Adelman is an assistant professor in the Department of Communication Studies at Northwestern University in Chicago. Her primary research interests are in the use of social support systems in coping with stress and adapting to change. She is co-author of the book