肺癌相关英文词汇
胸外科常用英语
以下是一些胸外科常用的英语词汇和表达：1. 胸部手术：Chest surgery2. 肺切除：Lung resection3. 食管手术：Esophageal surgery4. 纵隔肿瘤：Mediastinal tumor5. 肺癌：Lung cancer6. 胸膜炎：Pleurisy7. 胸腔积液：Pleural effusion8. 气胸：Pneumothorax9. 心脏手术：Cardiac surgery10. 胸骨切开术：Thoracotomy11. 胸腔闭式引流术：Closed thoracic drainage12. 肺动脉高压：Pulmonary hypertension13. 心包积液：Pericardial effusion14. 急性呼吸窘迫综合征：Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS)15. 胸腔镜检查：Thoracoscopy16. 纵隔镜检查：Mediastinoscopy17. 肺活检：Lung biopsy18. 食管狭窄：Esophageal stricture19. 食管反流：Esophageal reflux20. 食管癌：Esophageal cancer21. 肺大泡：Pulmonary bulla22. 胸腔闭锁：Thoracic cage locking23. 支气管扩张：Bronchiectasis24. 急性胸痛：Acute chest pain25. 慢性阻塞性肺疾病（COPD）：Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)26. 急性呼吸衰竭：Acute respiratory failure27. 心包炎：Pericarditis28. 心肌梗死：Myocardial infarction (MI)29. 心律失常：Arrhythmia30. 心力衰竭：Heart failure。
医学英语常用前后缀(精华)
医学英语常用前后缀(精华)-CAL-FENGHAI.-(YICAI)-Company One1医学英语常用前后缀医学英语中单词颇多,但医学英语的学习有个技巧就是学习前后缀,不过医学英语中的前后缀也说实话也有很多的.可还是有一些前后缀是最常用的,掌握了他们你其实可以猜出大部分的医学英语单词的意思.下面小辈列出这些最常用的供参考.1．人体主要器官前缀名称通用名前（后）缀常用形容词示例心 heart cardiao- cardial cardium/carditis/cardiology脑 brain encepholo- cerebral cerebrum/encephalitis/encephalology肺 lung pulmo- pulmonary pulmontiis/pulmonectomy/pulmonology肝 liver hepato- hepatic hepatitis/hepatobiliary/hepatology胃 stomach gastro- gastric gastritis/gastrointestinal/gastrology胆 gallbladder chole- biliary holecystitis/cholinergic/cholecystectomy肠 intestine entero- intestinal enteritis/enterectomy/enterology脾 spleen splen- splenic splenitis/splenectomy/splenology胰 pancreas pancreato- pancreatic pancreatitis/pancreatectomy肾 kidney nephro- renal/nephric nephritis/nephropathy/nephrology2．与人体系统、器官有关的前（后）缀名称通用名前（后）缀示例血 blood hemo-/hemato hematology/hemoglobin/hematoma血管 vessel vaso- vasopressor/cardiovasology/verebrovascular静脉 vein veno- venography/intravenous/venoconstriction动脉 artery arterio- arteriology/arteriole/arteriosclerosis肌 muscle myo- mycology/myositis/myocarditis髓 marrow myel-/myelo- myelocyte/myelitis/myeloma神经 nerve neur-/neyro- neurology/neuritis/neuron细胞 cell cyto-/-cyte cytology/cytoma/leukocyte尿 urine uro-/ur- urology/urosurgery/urogenital体 body somato-/some somatology/somatopsychic/chromosome3．与数字有关的前缀数字前缀示例一（单） mono-/uni- monomer/monoclone/carbon monoxide/unidirectional二 bi-/di- bilateral/biphasiccarbon dioxide/dipeptide三 tri- trilateral/triphasic/trigeminal nerve四 tetra- tetramer/tetracycline/tetraplegia五 penta- pentagon/pentachromic/pentachloride六 hexa- hexachromic/benzene hexachloride(666)/hexacycliccompiund七 hepta- heptachromic/heptaploid/heptavalent八 octa- octahedral/octal system九 nona- nonapeptide/nonagon十 deca- decade/decagram/decaliter注：十位数的表示一般为：个位数前缀+deca，如：hexadecanol（十六烷醇），tetradecape ptide gastrin（十四肽胃泌素），octadecanoic acid（十八烷酸）4．颜色及与颜色有关的前缀颜色通用名前缀示例色 color chrom-/chromo- chromosome/chromatin/chromatometer红 red erythro- erythrocyte/erythrocyturia/erythrometer白 white leuko- leukocyte/leukemia/leukocytuira黑 black melano- melena/melanoma/melanoderma黄 yellow xantho- xanthopsin/xanthosis/xanthoma蓝 blue cyan-/cyano cyanosis/cyanopsia/cyanemia紫 violet/purple绿 green棕 brown brown mixture/brown ring橙 orange Victoria orange/ethyl orange/orange G粉红 pink oink frothy sputum绯红 crimson青铜 bronzed bronzed diabetes注：有些病名的“蓝”“紫”“青”为同义，其前缀都为“cyano-”.5．与疾病和疾患有关的前（后）缀(1)含义前（后）缀形容词示例病 patho- pathogen/pathology/pathogenesis/-pathy -pathic neuropathy/nephropathy/adenopathy病态 -osis -otic neurosis/tuberculosis/schistosomiasis增多 leukocytosis/erythrocytopenia/granulocytosis减少 -penia -penic leukocytopenia/erythrocytopenia/granulocytopenia 无 a-/an- atypical/anuria/agranulocytopenia小/微 -let droplet/platelet/leafletmicro- microscopy/microorganism/micronucleus大/巨 macro- macroscopic/macronucleus/macrophage-megaly splenomegaly/acromegaly/hepatomegaly复合/多 poly- polyuria/polymer/polyopia全/泛 pan- pancolectomy/panmyelosis/pandemic6．与疾病和疾患有关的前（后）缀(2)含义前（后）缀示例相反 dis- disease/disorder/disability困难/障碍 dys- dysfunction/dyspepsia/dyspnea不良 mal- malfunction/malnutrition/malpractice炎症 -itis appendicitis/bronchitis/arthritis瘤/块 -oma lymphoma/adenoma/hematoma血症 -emia leukemia/septisemia/bacteremia痛 -algia/-algesia/alge-/algo- analgesia/hypoalgesia/algometer麻痹 -plegia hemipleia/pamplegia/myoplegia流出 -rrhea diarrhea/hypermenorrhea/rhinorrhea坏死 -necrosis necro-/necr- hepatonecrosis/myonecrosis/necrospermia 结石 litho-/-lith lithiasis/lithogenesis/cholelithes7．与方位有关的前缀含义通用词前缀示例上 upper/superior pi-/supra- epidemic/epithelium/supracostal下 lower/inferior nfra-/sub- infracostal/subclavicular/subcutaneous前 front/anterior/prior fore-/ante- forehead/anteroposterior/precirrhosis/pre-后 back/posterior post-/retro- posthepatic/postprandial/retrocardiac内 inner/internal in-/endo-/ento- inhalation/endoscopy/entocranial外 outer/external ex-/exo- extract/excretion/exocardial间 between inter- intermuscular/intercostal/intercourse旁/副 on the side of para- parathyroid/paraprotein/pararenal周 around peri- perioperative/pericarditis/peritoneum中心 central centri-/centra- centrifugation/centralize/centronucleus/centro-反/对 opposite counter-/contra- counterpart/countershock/contraindication注：in vivo/in’vaivou/活体内;in vitro/in vaitrou/活体外或试管内；in situ/in’saitju:/原位8．与外科手术有关的前（后）缀含义前（后）缀示例切除 -ectomy appendectomy/gastrectomy/splenectomy切开 -tomy tracheotomy/hysterotomy/craniotomy切（割） -tome tracheotome/thoracotome吻合 -stomy duodenoenterostomy/gastroesophagostomy成形术 -plasty tracheoplasty/osteoplasty/myoplasty整（矫）形 ortho- orthopedics/orthopod/orthotherapy造影 -graphy angiography/nephrography/phlebography经… trans- transdominal/translateral/transurethral注：ortho-也是“正”“原”的前缀，如：ortho-acid（正酸）-graphy为方法，如：electrocardigraphy 心电图检查术；graph为仪器，如：electrocardigra ph心电图机；gram为图象，文字，如：electrocardiogram心电图记录。
肿瘤英语单词
肿瘤英语单词-CAL-FENGHAI.-(YICAI)-Company One1肿瘤：tumor neoplasm肉瘤：sarcom恶性：malignancy良性：Benign播散：dissemination; spreading 转移：metastasis治疗：therapy诊断：diagnosis临床表现：clinical situation临床分级：clinical scale手术后：post- operation肿大：tumefaction肿胀：tumentia咯血：hemoptysis咳痰：expectoration痰：sputum痰培养：sputum cultivation气短：Breathlessness发热：febrile寒战：chill; rigor; shiver; chills;shivered; shivering胸水：pleural fluid 肺炎：①pneumonia②pneumonitis③pulmonitis阻塞性肺炎：obstructive pneumonia呼吸困难：dyspnoea; dyspnea心慌：flustered; panicky胸腔积液：pleural effusion; hydrothorax 心包积液：pericardial effusion;hydropericardium渗出物：effusion喘： gasp;to pant; breathe heavly上腹不适：superior belly malaise; upset 盗汗：night sweats声音嘶哑：voice; phono-; sound Hoarseness支架：cage;carriage;cradle进食困难：eating difficulty吞咽困难：dysphagia口服：oral良性息肉：benign polyps癌变：carcinomatous房颤：atrial fibrillation发作：attack鼻饲：nasal feeding嗳气：belch; belching; burping; eructation搔痒：to tickle; to scratch an itch衰弱：weakness躁动：restlessness口腔溃疡：canker sore; oral ulcer; ulcer of mouth脱发：alopecia; loss of hair; baldness感觉减退：hypoesthesia;hypesthesia疼痛：ache;Aching;Pain全身痛：pantalgia乳腺痛：mastalgia胸痛：chest pain腹痛：abdominal pain②abdominalgia背痛：backache; notalgia; dorsodynia; Dorsalgia腰痛：lumbag胸部压痛：tenderness of chest便秘：constipation大便失禁：encopresis; fecalincontinence；scatacratia尿潴留：urinary retention恶心：nausea呕吐：omitting咖啡样呕吐物：caffee-ground vomit 呕血：hematemesis; Vomiting of blood 上消化道出血：hemorrhage of upper digestive tract; upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage便血：hematochezia柏油样便：tarry stools腹泻：diarrhoea；diarrhea；diarrhea 排尿时里急后重：vesical tenesmus 尿失禁：urinary incontinence食欲：appetite恶液质：dyscrasia倦怠：lassitude恶病质： cachecxia cachexy低蛋白血症：hypoproteinemia全身水肿：hyposarca消瘦：emaciation; marasmus; marcor; thinness; tabification贫血：anemia类白血病反应：leukemoid reaction白血病：leukemia白细胞：leucocyte红细胞：erythrocyte血小板：blood platelet; thrombocyte;血红蛋白：ferrohemoglobin白细胞减少：leucocytopenia; leukopenia 血小板减少：thrombocytopenia骨髓抑制bone marrow depression：淋巴结：lymph node胸腺：①thymus②thymus gland锁骨上淋巴结：supraclavicular lymph nodes锁骨下淋巴结：subclavicular lymph node 腋窝淋巴结axillary lymph node耳后淋巴结：posterior auricular lymph node腹股沟淋巴结：inguinal lymph node;lymph node of groin颈淋巴结：cervical lymph node;jugular lymph node纵隔：mediastina纵隔后淋巴结:posterior mediastinal lymph nodes活组织检查；活体解剖：biopsy淋巴结细针吸活组织检查：fine needle biopsy of lymph node淋巴结细针吸引活组织检查：fine needle aspiration biopsy of lymph node恶性淋巴瘤：burkitt's lymphoma; malignant lymphoma何杰金氏病：malignant lymphogranulomatosis; Hodgkin's disease 蕈样霉菌病：mycosis fungoides恶性黑色素瘤：malignant melanoma鼻甲：conchae;Concha nasalis;nasal turbinate; nasoturbinal concha;turbinate; turbinates鼻甲切除术：conchectomy+病理诊断：pathologic diagnosis喉鳞状细胞癌：aaryngeal squamouscarcinoma食道癌：esophageal cancer小细胞肺癌：SCLC;small cell lung cancer非小细胞肺癌：NSCLC;non-small cell lung cancer间皮瘤：mesothelioma胸膜：pleura乳腺癌：mammary cancer ；乳腺Paget病和导管内癌：Paget's disease and intraductal carcinoma of breast乳腺浸润性癌：IBC;invasive breast cancer 乳腺囊肿：galactocele; lactocele乳腺硬癌：mastoscirrhus髓样癌：medullary carcinoma乙型肝炎：hepatitis B肝硬化：cirrhosis of liver肝昏迷：hepatic coma前驱期：prodromal period潜伏期：incubation period; latent period 初期：incipient stage静止期：quiescent stage恢复期：convalescent stage碱性磷酸酶：alkaline phosphatase酸性磷酸酶：acid phosphatase谷草转氨酶：glutamic-oxal(o)acetic transaminase谷丙转氨酶：glutamic-pyruvic transaminase门静脉高压：portal hypertension慢性胆囊炎：chronic cholecystitis胆管炎：cholangitis胆石症：gallstone胆色素：bile pigments; porphobilin胆囊炎：cholecystitis胆囊脓肿：abscess of gallbladder胆囊囊肿：cyst of gallbladder梗阻性黄疸：obstructive jaundice胰腺癌：pancreatic cancer; pancreatic carcinoma胰岛细胞癌：Islet cell carcinoma胰岛素瘤：insulinoma; insuloma 胰头：head of pancreas壶腹周围癌：Bottle belly around cancer粘膜：mucosa腹膜：Peritoneum腹膜后：retroperitoneum脾：spleen〔动〕;lien; lineal腹部穿剌术：Abdominal paracentesis 肾：kidney肾结石：calculus of kidney; kidney stone;nephrolithiasis; renal stone;renalcalculus肾上腺：suprarenal gland; adrenal gland 膀胱：bladder; cysr-; cysto-; urocyst子宫：metra-;metro-子宫癌：cancer of the womb子宫肌瘤：hysteromyoma; myoma of uterus子宫体癌（子宫内膜癌）：carcinoma ofcorpus uteri; carcinoma ofendometrium子宫囊肿：cyst of uterus卵巢囊肿：ovarian cyst子宫不规则出血：metrorrhagia子宫镜;子宫镜检查：metroscop肌瘤：myoma卵巢：oophoro-;ovario-卵巢的：ovarian输卵管：fallopian tube;oviduct;uterine tube附件癌：adnexal carcinoma妇产科学:OB-GYN(obstetric-gynaecolog)；obstertrics-gynecolog(abb. OBGyN)妇科学: gynecology盆腔：pelvic kidney盆腔肿块：Pelvic lump肛门：anus降结肠癌：descending colon carcinoma直肠癌：rectal cancer; pimeloma;carcinoma of rectum大肠癌：前列腺：prostate前列腺肥大：prostatic hyperplasia;prostatauxe动脉瘤：aneurysm脑胶质瘤：brain glioma脑垂体瘤：brain pituitary tumour皮肤：skin; strap; leash; cutis滑膜肉瘤：synovial sarcoma恶性黑色素瘤：malignant melanoma胃镜：gastroscope胃溃疡：gastric ulcer; stomach ulcer泌尿道结石：urinary stone 绝经：menopause绝经后期：postmenopause绝经后出血：postmenopausal bleeding雌激素：estrin; estrogen;Estrogens雄激素：androgen雌激素受体：estrin（ estrogen;Estrogens ）receptor孕酮：progesterone; corlutin; flavolutan; fologenon;esterol;gestone;gestormone;g estron;lipo-lutin;sistociclina;syngesterone;proluton;p rogestone;progesterol;progekan;primolut ;pregnenedione芳香化酶抑制剂：arimedex; exemestane;fadrozol; vorozole阳性：positive阴性：negative病理性骨折：pathologic fracture石膏：plaster;gypsum石膏固定术：plaster immobilization病理诊断：pathologic diagnosis病理组织学检查：histopathologicexaminationB超：B-model ultrasound scanningECG心电图：electrocardiogram;（echocardiogram 超声心动图;electrocardiograph 心电描记器,心电图机;）MRI：磁共振成象PSA: Prostate specific antigen前列腺特异抗原免疫功能：immunological function免疫系统：immune system神经系统：nervous system腺癌：adenocarcinoma鳞癌：squamous carcinoma鳞腺癌：adeno-squamous carcinoma未分化癌：undifferentiated carcinoma单纯癌：carcinoma simplex硬癌：inocarcinoma汗腺癌：Sweat gland carcinoma印戒细胞癌：signet-ring cell carcinoma 粘液细胞癌：mucilage cell;mucous cell carcinoma类癌：carcinoid甲状腺髓样癌：medullary thyroid carcinoma大肠癌：large intestine carcinoma 白血病：Leukemia急性淋巴细胞白血病：acute lymphoblastic leukemia; ALL慢性粒细胞白血病：chronic myelocytic leukemia; chronic granulocytic leukemia; CML; CGL骨肉瘤：osteosarcoma;osteogenic sarcoma肾细胞癌：renal cell carcinoma分化：differentiation免疫功能：immunological function死亡率：mortality辅助化疗：adjuvant chemotherapy新辅助化疗：neoadjuvant chemotherapy 诱导化疗：induction chemotherapy放射疗法：Radiation; radiation theraphy; radiotherapeutics; radiotherapy生物疗法：biological therapy生物反应调节剂：BRM;biological response modifier(s)中药疗法：the traditional Chinesemedicine therapy瘤苗：外周血干细胞移植：方案：pathologic fracture ；spontaneous fracture反应：response副反应：side effectBLM：博来霉素：BleomycinPYM：平阳霉素：Pingyangmycin;Bleomycin A5 DDP：顺铂：CisplatinCBP：卡铂：Carboplatin草酸铂：oxaliplatinHCPT：羟基喜树碱：HydroxycamptothecinCTX：环磷酰胺：Cyclophosphamide 5-Fu：氟尿嘧啶：5-Fluorouracil FYL：氟铁龙：FortulonFI-207：替加氟：TegafurHCFU：卡莫氟，嘧氟禄：Carmofur IFN：干扰素：InterferonIL-2：白细胞介素-2：Intelukin2 MTX：氨甲蝶呤：Methotrexate PDN：强的松：PrednisoneTAM：他莫西芬（三苯氧胺）：TamoxifenMA：甲地孕酮：Megestrol acetate;MebaceMPA：甲孕酮：Medroxyprogesterone acetate ; Provera; Veramix;MIT：米托蒽醌：Mitoxantrone;NoventroneTAX：紫杉醇：Paclitexal：泰素：Taxol：泰素蒂：Taxotere；Docetaxol VCR：长春新碱：VincristineVLB：长春花碱：VinblastineVDS：长春酰胺：VindesineNVB：诺维本（去甲长春花碱）：NovelbineVP-16：足叶乙甙（依托泊甙）：EtoposideVM-26：威猛（替尼泊甙）：Teniposide ADM：阿霉素：AdriamycinTHP：吡喃阿霉素：THP-adriamycin;PirarubicinEPI：表阿霉素：EpirubicinMMC：丝裂霉素：Mitomycin C CSF：集落刺激因子：colony stimulating factor并发症：complication并发病：complicating diseases流行病：epidemic disease遗传病：inherited disease职业病：occupational disease传染病：infectious disease主诉：chief complaint临床表现：clinical manifestation;clinical situation病史：history; medical history既往史：past history个人史：personal history分娩史：delivery history月经史：menarche初潮：menarche闭经：menopause; menoschesis;amenorrhea; amenia家族史：family history发病机制：pathogenesis; nosogenesis 婚姻状况：marital status症状：symptom主要症状：cardinal symptom典型症状：classical symptom伴发症状：concomitant symptom全身症状：constitutional(systemic) symptom间接症状：indirect symptom 诱发症状：induced symptom局部症状：local symptom精神症状：mental symptom听诊：auscultation视诊：inspection触诊：palpation叩诊：Percussion谵妄：delirium哮喘：asthma穿孔：perforation溃疡：ulceration坏死：necrosis出汗，大量出汗：diaphoresis; sweating; perspiration;盗汗：night sweat消瘦：emaciation; marasmus; marcor;thinness; tabification。
Lung-Cancer肺癌
3、大细胞癌〔large cell carcinoma〕：包括 巨细胞癌和透明细胞癌两个亚型 〔占10%〕。
4、腺鳞癌〔adenosquamous cell carcinoma〕：
二、流行病学
国际癌症研究中心 〔IARC〕的Parkin等对 2002年 全球癌症的发病、死亡和生存率进行了估计，其中 肺癌排在恶性肿瘤的第一位。同样我国肺癌发病率 也日益增高，目前已成为城市中常见恶性肿瘤的首 位，2002年中国男性发病率为44.7/10万，女性为 27.4/10万，据估计到2010年我国肺癌患者将到达 60万。这提示我们应普及肺癌基本知识，提高早 期就诊率，提高肺癌标准化诊治的重要性和必要性。
〔三〕肺癌的分类
肺癌的临床分类依据：根据肺癌在临床上的生 物学特性、治疗方向及治疗效果的不同，肿瘤临 床学家们将肺癌分为以下两大类：
1、小细胞肺癌〔small cell lung cancer， SCLC〕：此类肺癌约占肺癌的20%左右。临床 特点是恶性程度高、转移早，可视为是一种全身 性疾病，治疗上多需采取以化疗为主的综合治疗。
〔三〕细胞学检查
1、痰细胞学检查：无咳嗽咳痰者，可采用雾 化引痰法。
2、胸水癌细胞学检查：血性胸水的癌细胞学 检查阳性率较高。
3、经皮穿刺细胞学检查：体表肿物或淋巴结 穿刺、B超或CT引导下的经皮肺穿刺细胞学检查。
4、纤维支气管镜的咬检或刷检的涂片细胞学 检查。
〔四〕活体组织学检查 该方法可明确获得病理组织学的定性诊断： 1、转移淋巴结的活检。 2、B超或CT引导下的经皮肺穿刺针吸活检。 3、经纤支镜的活检。 4、皮下转移结节的活检。 5、胸膜活检。 6、开胸探查、术中冰冻切片活检等。
肿瘤英语单词
肿瘤英语单词在医学领域中，肿瘤是一个备受关注且复杂的课题。
而对于肿瘤相关的英语单词，了解和掌握它们对于学习医学知识、阅读专业文献以及与国际医学界进行交流都具有重要意义。
首先，我们来认识一下“肿瘤”这个词本身在英语中的表达，那就是“tumor”或者“neoplasm”。
“Tumor”这个词较为常见，使用频率较高。
与肿瘤相关的还有一些分类词汇。
良性肿瘤在英语中是“benign tumor”，“benign”有“良性的、和蔼的”意思。
而恶性肿瘤则是“malignant tumor”，“malignant”表示“恶性的、有害的”。
肿瘤的发生和发展过程中涉及到很多细胞层面的变化。
“癌细胞”对应的英语单词是“cancer cell”，“细胞增殖”是“cell proliferation”，“细胞凋亡”则是“cell apoptosis”。
在肿瘤的诊断方面，常用的词汇有“diagnosis”（诊断）、“biopsy”（活检）、“imaging examination”（影像学检查），比如“Xray”（X 射线）、“CT scan”（计算机断层扫描）、“MRI”（磁共振成像）等等。
治疗肿瘤的方法也有对应的英语表述。
“surgery”（手术）、“chemotherapy”（化疗）、“radiotherapy”（放疗）是常见的肿瘤治疗手段。
“targeted therapy”（靶向治疗）则是近年来发展迅速的一种新型治疗方式。
“肿瘤标志物”用英语说是“tumor marker”，通过检测肿瘤标志物可以帮助医生对肿瘤进行诊断和监测。
在肿瘤的研究领域，“oncogene”（癌基因）和“tumor suppressor gene”（抑癌基因）是经常被提及的重要概念。
“metastasis”这个单词表示肿瘤的转移，肿瘤细胞从原发部位扩散到其他部位是肿瘤治疗中的一个难题。
了解肿瘤相关的英语单词，不仅有助于我们获取最新的医学研究成果，还能在国际医学交流中准确表达自己的观点和想法。
肺癌英文
Passive smoking is also a carcinogen factor.
Etiology
2.Atmospheric pollution.It was found that carcinogenic factor is benzpyrene .
3.Occupational factors. 4Radioactivity in the atmosphere .
2.Symptoms
caused by the near organs or tissue involved by tumor.
(1).Dysphagia. (2).Hoarseness. (3).Pleural effusion due to invasion of the pleura.
Radiographic Findings
The appearance on the x-ray film depends on the position ,size and stage of the tumor 1.Peripheral type :It may be various such as infiltrative or nodular, lobulated or umbilicus sign,liner protrusions from the shadow into the surrounding lung, cavitation which is often eccentric irregular in the inner wall owing to the necrosis of the neoplasm.
Clinical Features
病理英文专业词汇
1-01 脾萎缩(spleen atrophy)1-02心肌萎缩(myocardium atrophy)1-03颅骨压迫性萎缩(cranial pressure atrophy)1-04肾压迫性萎缩(kidney pressure atrophy)1-05脑压迫性萎缩(encephalic pressure atrophy)1-06 肝水变性(hepatic hydropic degeneration)1-07 肝脂肪变(hepatic fatty degeneration)1-08 纤维组织玻璃样变性（瘢痕疙瘩）(keloid)1-09 肾凝固性梗死(renal coagulative necrosis)1-10 结核干酪样坏死(caseous necrosis)1-11 液化性坏死（脑脓肿）(lliquefactive necrosis)1-12 干性坏疽(dry gangrene)1-13 湿性坏疽（坏疽性阑尾炎）(moist gangrene)1-14 皮肤溃疡(dermal ulcer)1-15 肝细胞压迫性萎缩（肝癌）(pressure atrophy of liver)1-16 肾小管上皮细胞水变性和玻璃样变性(hydropic and hyaline degeneration of renal tubular cells)1-17 脾中央动脉玻璃样变(hyaline degeneration of central arteriole of spleen)1-18 肝脂肪变性(hepatic fatty degeneration)1-19坏死细胞的形态（the morphological change of necrosis cell）1-20 肾贫血性梗死(anemic infarct of the kidney)2-01脾梗死瘢痕(splenic infarct scar)2-02 瘢痕疙瘩（keloid）2-03骨折愈合(healing of bone fracture）2-04 肉芽组织(granulation tissue)2-05 间充质干细胞(mesenchymal stem cell)2-06 骨折愈合(healing of bone fracture）3-01肝淤血（槟榔肝）(nutmeg liver)3-02脾淤血 (spleen congestion)3-03肾淤血 (kidney congestion)3-04食管静脉曲张 (esophageal varices)3-05脑出血 (cerebral hemorrhage)3-06血管内血栓 (blood vessel thrombus)3-07心房附壁血栓 (cardiac mural thrombus)3-08脾贫血性梗死 (spleen anemic infarct)3-09肾梗死瘢痕 (infartion scar of kidney )3-10肺出血性梗死 (hemorrhagic infarct of lung)3-11肠出血性梗死 (hemorrhagic infarct of intestine)3-12肺动脉栓塞 (pulmonary artery embolism)3-13肝淤血脂变 (liver fatty change)3-14肺淤血水肿 (pulmonary congestion)3-15慢性肺淤血（肺褐色硬变）(chronic pulmonary congestion) 3-16混合血栓(mixed thrombus）3-17血栓机化(thrombus organization）4-02 纤维蛋白性心包炎(fibrinous pericarditis)4-03咽喉及气管白喉(gular or tracheal diphtheria)4-04 细菌性痢疾(bacillary dysentery)4-05蜂窝织炎（阴囊）(phlegmonous inflammation)4-06 肾脓肿 (renal abscess)4-07 肝脓肿 (liver abscess)4-08 化脓性脑膜炎 (purulent meningitis)4-09 急性卡他胃炎 (acute catarrh gastritis)4-10 炭疽性脑膜炎 (anthrax meningitis)4-11 慢性胆囊炎 (chronic cholecystitis)4-12 慢性输卵管炎 (chronic salpingitis)4-13 慢性肥厚性胃炎(chronic hypertrophic gastritis)4-14 肠道慢性炎症—肠息肉 (intestinal polyp)4-15慢性心包炎 (chronic pericarditis)4-16 脾周围炎（糖衣脾）(perisplenitis)4-17慢性扁桃体炎 (chronic tonsillitis)4-18大网膜急性炎(acute inflammation of omentum）4-19鼻息肉(nasal polyp）4-20纤维蛋白性心包炎(pericarditis）4-21假膜性炎（细菌性痢疾）4-22皮下蜂窝织炎(subcutanous phlegmonous inflammation）4-23肺脓肿(pulmonary abscess）4-24肠息肉(intestinal polyp）4-25慢性胆囊炎(chronic cholecystitis）4-26肛门瘘管(anal fistula）4-27异物肉芽肿性炎(foreign body granuloma）5-01乳头状瘤(papilloma)5-02 甲状腺瘤(thyroid adenoma)5-03 乳腺纤维腺瘤(fibroadenoma of the breast)5-04 卵巢粘液性囊腺瘤(ovary mucinus cystadenoma)5-05 结肠腺瘤性息肉病5-06 皮肤鳞癌(squamous cell carcinoma of skin)5-07 食管鳞状细胞癌(squamous cell carcinoma of esophagus)5-08 阴茎鳞癌(squamous cell carcinoma of penis)5-09 乳腺腺癌(mammary adenocarcinoma)5-10 肠腺癌(intestine adenocarcinoma)5-11 肺癌(lung cancer)5-12 肺癌脑转移(brain metastasis of lung cancer)5-13 肝癌肺转移(lung metastasis of liver cancer)5-14 胰腺癌肝转移(liver metastases of pancreatic cancer)5-15 乳腺癌淋巴结转移(lymph node metastasis of breast carcinoma)5-16胃粘液癌大网膜种植转移(epiploon implantation metastasis of gastric mucinous carcinoma )5-17 纤维瘤(fibroma)5-18 脂肪瘤(lipoma)5-19 软骨瘤(chondroma)5-20 骨瘤(osteoma)5-21 子宫平滑肌瘤(fibromyoma uteri)5-22 皮下的毛细血管瘤(subcutaneous capillary hemangioma) 5-23 肝内的海绵状血管瘤(cavernous hemangioma of liver) 5-24 淋巴管瘤(lymphangioma)5-25纤维肉瘤(fibrosarcoma)5-26 骨肉瘤(osteosarcoma)5-27软骨肉瘤(chondrosarcoma)5-28脂肪肉瘤(liposarcoma)5-29神经鞘瘤 (neurinoma)5-30 黑色素瘤 (melanoma)5-31 囊性畸胎瘤(cystic teratoma)5-32 实性畸胎瘤(solid teratoma)5-33 皮肤乳头状瘤(papilloma of the skin)5-34 甲状腺腺瘤(thyroid adenoma)5-35 肠腺瘤(enteric adenoma)5-36 鳞状细胞癌(squamous cell carcinoma)5-37结肠腺癌(colonic adenocarcinoma)5-38 乳腺腺癌(mammary adenocarcinoma)5-39 淋巴结转移癌(metastasis carcinoma of the lymph nodes) 5-40 纤维瘤(fibroma)5-41 脂肪瘤(lipoma)5-42 毛细血管瘤( capillary hemangioma)5-43 纤维肉瘤 (fibrosarcoma)5-44 骨肉瘤(osteosarcoma)5-45 神经鞘瘤(neurinoma)5-46 黑色素瘤(melanoma)6-01主动脉粥样硬化 (aortic atherosclerosis)6-02脑底动脉硬化 (cerebral atherosclerosis)6-03心肌梗死 (myocardial infarction)6-04脑出血 (cerebral hemorrhage)6-05高血压之肾(kidney of hypertention)6-06高血压之心 (heart of hypertention)6-07急性风湿性心内膜炎 (acute rheumatic endocarditis)6-08 亚急性感染性心内膜炎(subacute i nfective endocarditis)6-09风湿性心脏瓣膜病——二尖瓣狭窄 (rheumatic valvular heart disease) 6-10急性克山病之心脏 (heart of acute Keshan disease)6-11慢性克山病之心脏 (heart of chronic Keshan disease)6-12主动脉粥样硬化(aortic atherosclerosis)6-13冠状动脉粥样硬化 (coronary atherosclerosis)6-14高血压之肾(kidney of hypertention)6-15风湿性心肌炎 (rheumatic myocarditis)6-16风湿性心内膜炎 (rheumatic endocarditis)6-17亚急性感染性心内膜炎 (subacute infective endocarditis)6-18 心肌梗死 (myocardial infarction)6-19 心肌病 (myocardiopathy)7-01支气管扩张(bronchiectasis)7-02肺脓肿(pulmonary abscess)7-03肺气肿(emphysema)7-04慢性肺源性心脏病(chronic pulmonary heart disease)7-05 大叶性肺炎(红色肝样变期) (lobar pneumonia, red hepatization)7-06大叶性肺炎（灰色肝样变期）(lobar pneumonia, gray hepatization)7-07小叶性肺炎 (lobular pneumonia)7-08病毒性肺炎 (viral pneumonia)7-09 硅肺(silicosis)7-10 肺癌 (lung cancer)7-11大叶性肺炎(灰色肝样变期)(lobar pneumonia, gray hepatization)7-12 支气管肺炎(bronchopneumonia)7-13间质性肺炎 (interstitial pneumonia)7-14病毒性肺炎(viral pneumonia)7-15 慢性支气管炎(chronic bronchitis)7-16 硅肺(silicosis)7-17鼻咽癌(nasopharyngeal carcinoma)7-18 肺癌(lung carcinoma)8-01 消化性溃疡病(peptic ulcer disease)8-02 急性化脓性阑尾炎(acute suppurative appendicitis)8-03 急性坏疽性阑尾炎(acute gangrenous appendicitis)8-04 慢性阑尾炎(chronic appendicitis)8-05 阑尾粘液囊肿(appendix mucocele)8-06 急性重症肝炎（急性黄色肝萎缩）(acute severe hepatitis)8-07 亚急性重症肝炎（亚急性黄色肝萎缩）(subacute severe hepatitis)8-08 门脉性肝硬化(portal cirrhosis)8-09 胆汁性肝硬化(biliary cirrhosis)8-10 坏死后性肝硬化(post-necrotic cirrhosis)8-11 息肉型胃癌(polypoid type of gastric carcinoma)8-12 溃疡型胃癌(ulcerative type of gastric carcinoma)8-13 浸润型胃癌(infiltrating type of gastric carcinoma)8-14 食管癌(carcinoma of the esophagus)8-15 巨块型肝癌(unifocal large mass type of primary carcinoma of the liver)8-16 结节型肝癌(multifocal type with numerous nodules of primary carcinoma of the liver)8-17 胰腺癌(carcinoma of the pancreas)8-18 结肠癌(carcinoma of colon)8-19 急性胆囊炎(acute cholecystitis)8-20 慢性胆囊炎(chronic cholecystitis)8-21 慢性萎缩性胃炎(chronic atrophic gastritis)8-22 慢性胃溃疡(chronic gastric ulcer)8-23 急性阑尾炎(acute appendicitis)8-24 慢性阑尾炎(chronic appendicitis)8-25 门脉性肝硬化(portal cirrhosis)8-26 胆汁性肝硬化(biliary cirrhosis)8-27 急性（普通型）肝炎( acute hepatitis)8-28 急性重症肝炎(acute severe hepatitis)8-29 亚急性重症肝炎(subacute severe hepatitis)8-30 急性胆囊炎(acute cholecystitis)8-31 胃粘液腺癌(mucinous gland gastric carcinoma)8-32 食管癌(carcinoma of the esophagus)8-33 肝细胞癌(hepatocellular carcinoma)9-01 霍奇金淋巴瘤(Hodgkin’s lymphoma)9-02非霍奇金淋巴瘤 (non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma)9-03非霍奇金淋巴瘤之淋巴结 (lymph node of non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma )9-04急、慢性髓母细胞性白血病 (actue/chronic myelogenous leukemia)9-05 慢性粒细胞白血病之脾 (spleen of chronic myelogenous leukemia)9-06霍奇金淋巴瘤(Hodgkin’s lymphoma)9-07 非霍奇金淋巴瘤—小细胞淋巴瘤(non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma)9-08急性髓母细胞白血病之肝脏（liver of acute myeloblastic leukemia ）9-09急性髓母细胞性白血病（血图片）(acute myeloblastic leukemia)10-01狼疮性肾炎(lupus nephritis)10-02 心脏移植(heart transplantation)11-01急性弥漫性增生性肾小球肾炎(acute diffuse proliferative glomerulonephritis) 11-02新月体性肾小球肾炎(crescentic glomerulonephritis)11-03慢性肾小球肾炎(chronic glomerulonephritis)11-04急性肾盂肾炎(acute pyelonephritis)11-05慢性肾盂肾炎(chronic pyelonephritis)11-06肾细胞癌(renal cell carcinoma)11-07膀胱乳头状癌(papillary carcinoma of bladder)11-08肾母细胞瘤(nephroblastoma)11-09急性弥漫性增生性肾小球肾炎(acute diffuse proliferative glomerulonephritis)11-10 新月体性肾小球肾炎(crescentic glomerulonephritis)11-11 轻微病变性肾小球肾炎(minimal change glomerulonephritis)11-12 膜性肾小球肾炎(membranous glomerulonephritis)11-13 膜性增生性肾小球肾炎(membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis)11-14 慢性肾小球肾炎(chronic glomerulonephritis)11-15 急性肾盂肾炎(acute pyelonephritis)11-16 慢性肾盂肾炎(chronic pyelonephritis)11-17 肾透明细胞癌(clear cell renal carcinoma)11-18膀胱移行细胞癌(transitional cell carcinoma of the bladder)12-01 子宫颈癌（外生菜花型）(cervical carcinoma)12-02 子宫内膜腺癌(endometrial adenocarcinoma)12-03 子宫平滑肌瘤(leiomyoma of the uterus)12-04 完全性葡萄胎(hydatidiform mole）12-05 绒毛膜癌(choriocarcinoma)12-06 卵巢粘液性囊腺瘤（mucinous cystadenoma of ovary）12-07 卵巢浆液性乳头状囊腺瘤(serous cystadenoma of ovary)12-08 乳腺纤维腺瘤(fibroadenoma of the breast)12-09 乳腺癌(carcinoma of the breast)12-10 炎症性乳腺癌(inflammatory carcinoma of the breast)12-11 慢性子宫颈炎(chronic cervicitis)12-12 子宫颈浸润性鳞状细胞癌(invasive squamous cell carcinoma)12-13 葡萄胎(hydatidiform mole)12-14 绒毛膜癌(choriocarcinoma)12-15 卵巢浆液性囊腺瘤(serous cystadenoma of ovary)12-16 乳腺浸润性导管癌(invasive ductal carcinoma of the breast)13-01 单纯性甲状腺肿(simple goiter)13-02 毒性甲状腺肿(toxic goiter)13-03 甲状腺瘤(thyroid adenoma)13-04 甲状腺癌(carcinoma of thyroid)13-05胶样甲状腺肿（colloid goiter）13-06 毒性甲状腺肿(toxic goiter)13-07 甲状腺滤泡性腺瘤(follicular adenoma of thyroid)13-08 甲状腺乳头状癌(papillary carcinoma of thyroid)13-09 甲状腺髓样癌(medullary carcinoma of thyroid)14-01 流行性脑脊髓膜炎(epidemic cerebrospinal meningitis)14-02 流行性乙型脑炎(epidemic encephalitis B)14-3 胶质瘤(glioma)14-03流行性脑脊髓膜炎 (epidemic cerebrospinal meningitis)14-04 流行性乙型脑炎(epidemic encephalitis B)15-01原发性肺结核病 (primary pulmonary tuberculosis)15-02支气管淋巴结结核病15-03肺粟粒性结核病 (pulmonary miliary tuberculosis)15-04全身粟粒性结核病( systemic miliary tuberculosis)15-05局灶型肺结核15-06浸润型肺结核(Infiltrative pulmonary tuberculosis)15-07干酪样肺炎(caseous pneumonia)15-8急性空洞性肺结核15-9慢性纤维空洞型肺结核(chronic fibro-cavitative pulmonary tuberculosis )15-10肺结核球 (tuberculoma)15-11结核性胸膜炎 (tuberculous pleuritis)15-12肠结核病（溃疡型）(intestinal tuberculosis，ulcer)15-13肾结核病 (t uberculosis of kidney)15-14结核性脑膜炎(tubercular meningitis)15-15 脊髓结核 (tuberculosis of spine)15-16 关节结核(tuberculosis of joint)15-17附睾结核 (tuberculosis of epididymis)15-18腹膜及肠系膜淋巴结结核 (tuberculosis of epididymis)15-19肠伤寒各期之回肠 (typhoid fever)15-20细菌性痢疾之结肠 (colon of bacillary dysentery)15-21中毒型细菌性痢疾 (toxic type bacillary dysentery)15-22流行性出血热之心(heart of epidemic hemorrhagic fever)15-23流行出血热之肾(kidney of epidemic hemorrhagic fever)15-24白色念珠菌病之食管(esophagus of white candidiasis )15-25肺粟粒性结核病（以增生为主）(proliferative pulmonary tuberculosis) 15-26肺粟粒性结核病（以渗出为主） (exudative pulmonary tuberculosis) 15-27肺结核球(tuberculosis)15-28肠结核（溃疡型）(intestinal tuberculosis)15-29结核性脑膜炎(tubercular meningitis)15-30肠伤寒(typhoid fever)15-31细菌性痢疾 (bacillary dysentery)15-32 尖锐湿疣(condyloma acuminatum)15-33肺曲菌病 (aspergillosis of lung)15-34流行性出血热肾脏(kidney of epidemic hemorrhagic fever)16-01 结肠阿米巴病(intestinal amoebiasis)16-02 阿米巴肝脓肿(amoebic liver abscess)16-03 肠阿米巴病(intestinal amoebiasis)16-04 血吸虫病(schistosomiasis)16-05 肺吸虫病(parogonimiasis)。
肺癌医学英语
肺癌在医学英语中通常被称为"Lung Cancer"。
根据不同的病理类型，肺癌可以分为非小细胞肺癌（Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer, NSCLC）和小细胞肺癌（Small Cell Lung Cancer, SCLC）。
以下是肺癌相关的一些医学英语词汇：
Lung Cancer: 肺癌
Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC): 非小细胞肺癌
Small Cell Lung Cancer (SCLC): 小细胞肺癌
Adenocarcinoma: 腺癌
Squamous Cell Carcinoma: 鳞状细胞癌
Large Cell Carcinoma: 大细胞癌
Bronchial Carcinoma: 支气管肺癌
Pulmonary Carcinoma: 肺癌
Lung Nodule: 肺结节
Central Lung Cancer: 中央型肺癌
Peripheral Lung Cancer: 周围型肺癌
Staging: 分期
Metastasis: 转移
Lymph Node Metastasis: 淋巴结转移
Chemotherapy: 化疗
Radiation Therapy: 放疗
Targeted Therapy: 靶向治疗
Immunotherapy: 免疫治疗
Palliative Care: 姑息治疗
Prognosis: 预后
这些词汇只是肺癌相关医学英语的一部分，具体的词汇和表达可能会根据上下文和特定的医学文献而有所不同。
在医学领域，准确和专业的术语使用非常重要，以确保信息的准确传递和理解的准确性。
肿瘤常见词汇中英文对照
肿瘤常见词汇中英文对照adenocarcinoma 腺管上皮: 腺癌adrenal cortical carcinoma 肾上腺皮质: 肾上腺皮质癌American Joint Committee on Cancer Staging; AJCC 美国癌症分期联合委员会angiosarcoma 血管内皮: 血管肉瘤basal cell carcinoma 基底细胞: 基底细胞癌calcitonin 抑钙素carcinoembryonic antigen; CEA 癌胚抗原carcinoma 恶性上皮肿瘤Carcinoma in situ 原位癌catecholamine 儿茶酚胺chondrosarcoma 软骨: 软骨肉瘤choriocarcinoma 胎盘上皮: 绒毛膜癌direct extension 直接蔓延dysgerminoma 恶性胚胎瘤Dysplasia 异生fetoprotein; AFP 胎蛋白fibrosarcoma 纤维组织: 纤维肉瘤FIGO: International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics 国际妇产科学联盟glioma 神经胶细胞: 神经胶细胞瘤hematogenous metastasis 血行转移hepatocellular carcinoma; hepatoma 肝细胞: 肝细胞癌histopathological grading 组织病理分化human chorionic gonadotropin; HCG 人类绒毛膜促性腺素immature teratoma 全能细胞: 未成熟畸胎瘤International Union against Cancer; UICC 国际防癌联盟Invasive carcinoma 侵袭癌leiomyosarcoma 平滑肌: 平滑肌肉瘤leukemia 造血细胞: 白血病liposarcoma 脂肪组织: 脂肪肉瘤lymphangiosarcoma 淋巴管内皮: 淋巴管肉瘤lymphatic metastasis 淋巴转移lymphoma 类淋巴组织: 淋巴瘤malignant melanoma 神经外胚层: 恶性黑色素瘤malignant meningioma 脑膜: 恶性脑膜瘤malignant mesothelioma 间皮: 恶性间皮瘤malignant mixed tumor 唾液腺: 恶性混合瘤malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor, malignant schwannoma 神经鞘: 恶性周边神经鞘肿瘤malignant pheochromocytoma 肾上腺髓质: 恶性嗜铬细胞瘤malignant phyllodes tumor 乳房: 恶性叶状瘤malignant teratoma 恶性畸胎瘤metastasis 远处转移Microinvasive carcinoma 微侵袭癌mild dysplasia 轻度异生moderate dysplasia 中度异生moderately differentiated 中度分化myeloma 浆细胞: 骨髓瘤neuroblastoma 神经节细胞: 神经母细胞瘤neuroblastoma 神经母细胞瘤neuron-specific enolase; NSE 神经特异性烯醇node 淋巴结oma 良性肿瘤osteosarcoma 硬骨: 骨肉瘤poorly differentiated 分化不良prostate-specific antigen; PSA 前列腺特异性抗原prostatic acid phosphatase; PAP 前列腺酸性磷酸renal cell carcinoma 肾脏上皮: 肾细胞癌rhabdomyosarcoma 横纹肌: 横纹肌肉瘤sarcoma 恶性间叶肿瘤seminoma 生殖细胞: 精细胞瘤severe dysplasia 重度异生squamous cell carcinoma 鳞状上皮: 鳞状细胞癌stage 期别synovial sarcoma 滑膜: 滑膜肉瘤thymic carcinoma 胸腺上皮: 胸腺癌transitional cell carcinoma 泌尿道上皮: 过渡细胞癌tumor marker 临床检验: 含肿瘤标记undifferentiated 未分化well differentiated 分化良好melanoma 癌症黑素瘤renaleelI 肾细胞癌ova-rian 卵巢癌neuroblastoma 神经母细胞瘤cerebroma 脑瘤lung cancer 肺癌hepatoma ;liver cancer 肝癌breast carcinoma 乳腺癌colon cancer 结肠癌prostatic csarcinoma 前列腺癌mesothelioma 间皮瘤leukemia 白细胞瘤lymphoma 淋巴肉瘤multiple myeloma 多发性骨髓瘤SCID 严重复合免疫缺失症Cysticfibrosis 囊性纤维变性家族性脾性贫血 Gaucher's病Familialhypercholesterolemia 家族性胆固醇过多症HemophiIia 血友病Purine nucleoside phosphorylase deficiency 嫖吟核苦酸磷酸酸缺乏症Alpha- Iantitrypsin deficiency a-抗甲状腺素缺乏症Fanconi sanemia Fanconi's贫血症Hunter's syndrome 亨特氏综合症若机体已被某种寄生虫抗原致敏，当再次接触相同抗原时则二次免疫应答增强，或长期受染，早期过去后的机体反应相似于二次免疫应答反应。
常见的肿瘤缩写词
常见的肿瘤缩写词在医学领域，肿瘤是一种常见疾病，而肿瘤缩写词则是对不同类型肿瘤的缩写表示。
这些缩写词是医生、研究人员和患者之间进行沟通和交流的重要工具。
本文将对一些常见的肿瘤缩写词进行介绍和解释。
1. 乳腺癌（BC）乳腺癌是乳腺组织内的恶性肿瘤。
它通常以BC缩写来表示。
乳腺癌是女性最常见的癌症之一，也可以在男性身上发生。
乳腺癌的治疗方法包括手术切除肿瘤、放疗和化疗等。
2. 肺癌（LC）肺癌是一种发生在肺部的恶性肿瘤。
它通常以LC缩写来表示。
肺癌的主要原因是吸烟，但也有部分非吸烟人群患肺癌的情况。
治疗肺癌的方法包括手术、放疗、化疗和靶向药物治疗等。
3. 结直肠癌（CRC）结直肠癌发生在结肠或直肠的恶性肿瘤。
它通常以CRC缩写来表示。
结直肠癌是一种常见的癌症类型，主要症状包括腹痛、便血、排便习惯变化等。
治疗方法包括手术切除、化疗和靶向治疗等。
4. 前列腺癌（PC）前列腺癌是男性最常见的癌症之一，发生在前列腺组织中。
它通常以PC缩写来表示。
前列腺癌往往生长缓慢，并在早期没有明显症状，但可以通过血液检测和生物组织检查进行诊断。
治疗方法包括手术切除、放疗和荷尔蒙治疗等。
5. 乳头状瘤（PT）乳头状瘤是一种发生在乳头组织中的良性或恶性肿瘤。
它通常以PT缩写来表示。
良性乳头状瘤较为常见，一般不会扩散到其他组织。
恶性乳头状瘤（乳头状癌）则较为罕见，常常需要手术切除和辅助治疗。
6. 骨肉瘤（OS）骨肉瘤是发生在骨骼组织中的恶性肿瘤。
它通常以OS缩写来表示。
骨肉瘤主要发生在儿童和青少年身上，常见症状包括骨痛、肿胀和活动受限等。
治疗方法包括手术切除、放疗和化疗等。
7. 食管癌（EC）食管癌是食管组织中的恶性肿瘤。
它通常以EC缩写来表示。
食管癌具有高发病率和高死亡率，主要症状包括吞咽困难、胸痛和体重减轻等。
治疗方法包括手术切除、放疗和化疗等。
8. 非霍奇金淋巴瘤（NHL）非霍奇金淋巴瘤是淋巴组织中的一种恶性肿瘤，与霍奇金淋巴瘤相对应。
肺癌英文PPT课件可修改文字
Bronchoscope
Bronchoscope may verify the existence of tumor , of Central type, and cytologic diagnosis of lung cancer should be obtained though FBC
.Blind biopsy may be help to the diagnosis of the tumor beyond the range of bronchoscope vision
Clinical Features
(4).Horner’s syndrome.It is caused by invading the cervical sympathetic ganglia on the involved side the pupil is small ptosis of the up eyelids,retraction of the eyeball and no sweat of the face.
Passive smoking is also a carcinogen factor.
Etiology
2.Atmospheric pollution.It was found that carcinogenic factor is benzpyrene .
3.Occupational factors. 4Radioactivity in the atmosphere . 5.Diets and Nutrition. 6.Chronic irritation. 7.Genetic factors.
Fig5 Cavitating Bronchial Carcinoma
病理英文专业词汇
1-01 脾萎缩(spleen atrophy)1-02心肌萎缩(myocardium atrophy)1-03颅骨压迫性萎缩(cranial pressure atrophy)1-04肾压迫性萎缩(kidney pressure atrophy)1-05脑压迫性萎缩(encephalic pressure atrophy)1-06 肝水变性(hepatic hydropic degeneration)1-07 肝脂肪变(hepatic fatty degeneration)1-08 纤维组织玻璃样变性（瘢痕疙瘩）(keloid)1-09 肾凝固性梗死(renal coagulative necrosis)1-10 结核干酪样坏死(caseous necrosis)1-11 液化性坏死（脑脓肿）(lliquefactive necrosis)1-12 干性坏疽(dry gangrene)1-13 湿性坏疽（坏疽性阑尾炎）(moist gangrene)1-14 皮肤溃疡(dermal ulcer)1-15 肝细胞压迫性萎缩（肝癌）(pressure atrophy of liver)1-16 肾小管上皮细胞水变性和玻璃样变性(hydropic and hyaline degeneration of renal tubular cells)1-17 脾中央动脉玻璃样变(hyaline degeneration of central arteriole of spleen)1-18 肝脂肪变性(hepatic fatty degeneration)1-19坏死细胞的形态（the morphological change of necrosis cell）1-20 肾贫血性梗死(anemic infarct of the kidney)2-01脾梗死瘢痕(splenic infarct scar)2-02 瘢痕疙瘩（keloid）2-03骨折愈合(healing of bone fracture）2-04 肉芽组织(granulation tissue)2-05 间充质干细胞(mesenchymal stem cell)2-06 骨折愈合(healing of bone fracture）3-01肝淤血（槟榔肝）(nutmeg liver)3-02脾淤血 (spleen congestion)3-03肾淤血 (kidney congestion)3-04食管静脉曲张 (esophageal varices)3-05脑出血 (cerebral hemorrhage)3-06血管内血栓 (blood vessel thrombus)3-07心房附壁血栓 (cardiac mural thrombus)3-08脾贫血性梗死 (spleen anemic infarct)3-09肾梗死瘢痕 (infartion scar of kidney )3-10肺出血性梗死 (hemorrhagic infarct of lung)3-11肠出血性梗死 (hemorrhagic infarct of intestine)3-12肺动脉栓塞 (pulmonary artery embolism)3-13肝淤血脂变 (liver fatty change)3-14肺淤血水肿 (pulmonary congestion)3-15慢性肺淤血（肺褐色硬变）(chronic pulmonary congestion) 3-16混合血栓(mixed thrombus）3-17血栓机化(thrombus organization）4-02 纤维蛋白性心包炎(fibrinous pericarditis)4-03咽喉及气管白喉(gular or tracheal diphtheria)4-04 细菌性痢疾(bacillary dysentery)4-05蜂窝织炎（阴囊）(phlegmonous inflammation)4-06 肾脓肿 (renal abscess)4-07 肝脓肿 (liver abscess)4-08 化脓性脑膜炎 (purulent meningitis)4-09 急性卡他胃炎 (acute catarrh gastritis)4-10 炭疽性脑膜炎 (anthrax meningitis)4-11 慢性胆囊炎 (chronic cholecystitis)4-12 慢性输卵管炎 (chronic salpingitis)4-13 慢性肥厚性胃炎(chronic hypertrophic gastritis)4-14 肠道慢性炎症—肠息肉 (intestinal polyp)4-15慢性心包炎 (chronic pericarditis)4-16 脾周围炎（糖衣脾）(perisplenitis)4-17慢性扁桃体炎 (chronic tonsillitis)4-18大网膜急性炎(acute inflammation of omentum）4-19鼻息肉(nasal polyp）4-20纤维蛋白性心包炎(pericarditis）4-21假膜性炎（细菌性痢疾）4-22皮下蜂窝织炎(subcutanous phlegmonous inflammation）4-23肺脓肿(pulmonary abscess）4-24肠息肉(intestinal polyp）4-25慢性胆囊炎(chronic cholecystitis）4-26肛门瘘管(anal fistula）4-27异物肉芽肿性炎(foreign body granuloma）5-01乳头状瘤(papilloma)5-02 甲状腺瘤(thyroid adenoma)5-03 乳腺纤维腺瘤(fibroadenoma of the breast)5-04 卵巢粘液性囊腺瘤(ovary mucinus cystadenoma)5-05 结肠腺瘤性息肉病5-06 皮肤鳞癌(squamous cell carcinoma of skin)5-07 食管鳞状细胞癌(squamous cell carcinoma of esophagus)5-08 阴茎鳞癌(squamous cell carcinoma of penis)5-09 乳腺腺癌(mammary adenocarcinoma)5-10 肠腺癌(intestine adenocarcinoma)5-11 肺癌(lung cancer)5-12 肺癌脑转移(brain metastasis of lung cancer)5-13 肝癌肺转移(lung metastasis of liver cancer)5-14 胰腺癌肝转移(liver metastases of pancreatic cancer)5-15 乳腺癌淋巴结转移(lymph node metastasis of breast carcinoma)5-16胃粘液癌大网膜种植转移(epiploon implantation metastasis of gastric mucinous carcinoma )5-17 纤维瘤(fibroma)5-18 脂肪瘤(lipoma)5-19 软骨瘤(chondroma)5-20 骨瘤(osteoma)5-21 子宫平滑肌瘤(fibromyoma uteri)5-22 皮下的毛细血管瘤(subcutaneous capillary hemangioma) 5-23 肝内的海绵状血管瘤(cavernous hemangioma of liver) 5-24 淋巴管瘤(lymphangioma)5-25纤维肉瘤(fibrosarcoma)5-26 骨肉瘤(osteosarcoma)5-27软骨肉瘤(chondrosarcoma)5-28脂肪肉瘤(liposarcoma)5-29神经鞘瘤 (neurinoma)5-30 黑色素瘤 (melanoma)5-31 囊性畸胎瘤(cystic teratoma)5-32 实性畸胎瘤(solid teratoma)5-33 皮肤乳头状瘤(papilloma of the skin)5-34 甲状腺腺瘤(thyroid adenoma)5-35 肠腺瘤(enteric adenoma)5-36 鳞状细胞癌(squamous cell carcinoma)5-37结肠腺癌(colonic adenocarcinoma)5-38 乳腺腺癌(mammary adenocarcinoma)5-39 淋巴结转移癌(metastasis carcinoma of the lymph nodes) 5-40 纤维瘤(fibroma)5-41 脂肪瘤(lipoma)5-42 毛细血管瘤( capillary hemangioma)5-43 纤维肉瘤 (fibrosarcoma)5-44 骨肉瘤(osteosarcoma)5-45 神经鞘瘤(neurinoma)5-46 黑色素瘤(melanoma)6-01主动脉粥样硬化 (aortic atherosclerosis)6-02脑底动脉硬化 (cerebral atherosclerosis)6-03心肌梗死 (myocardial infarction)6-04脑出血 (cerebral hemorrhage)6-05高血压之肾(kidney of hypertention)6-06高血压之心 (heart of hypertention)6-07急性风湿性心内膜炎 (acute rheumatic endocarditis)6-08 亚急性感染性心内膜炎(subacute i nfective endocarditis)6-09风湿性心脏瓣膜病——二尖瓣狭窄 (rheumatic valvular heart disease) 6-10急性克山病之心脏 (heart of acute Keshan disease)6-11慢性克山病之心脏 (heart of chronic Keshan disease)6-12主动脉粥样硬化(aortic atherosclerosis)6-13冠状动脉粥样硬化 (coronary atherosclerosis)6-14高血压之肾(kidney of hypertention)6-15风湿性心肌炎 (rheumatic myocarditis)6-16风湿性心内膜炎 (rheumatic endocarditis)6-17亚急性感染性心内膜炎 (subacute infective endocarditis)6-18 心肌梗死 (myocardial infarction)6-19 心肌病 (myocardiopathy)7-01支气管扩张(bronchiectasis)7-02肺脓肿(pulmonary abscess)7-03肺气肿(emphysema)7-04慢性肺源性心脏病(chronic pulmonary heart disease)7-05 大叶性肺炎(红色肝样变期) (lobar pneumonia, red hepatization)7-06大叶性肺炎（灰色肝样变期）(lobar pneumonia, gray hepatization)7-07小叶性肺炎 (lobular pneumonia)7-08病毒性肺炎 (viral pneumonia)7-09 硅肺(silicosis)7-10 肺癌 (lung cancer)7-11大叶性肺炎(灰色肝样变期)(lobar pneumonia, gray hepatization)7-12 支气管肺炎(bronchopneumonia)7-13间质性肺炎 (interstitial pneumonia)7-14病毒性肺炎(viral pneumonia)7-15 慢性支气管炎(chronic bronchitis)7-16 硅肺(silicosis)7-17鼻咽癌(nasopharyngeal carcinoma)7-18 肺癌(lung carcinoma)8-01 消化性溃疡病(peptic ulcer disease)8-02 急性化脓性阑尾炎(acute suppurative appendicitis)8-03 急性坏疽性阑尾炎(acute gangrenous appendicitis)8-04 慢性阑尾炎(chronic appendicitis)8-05 阑尾粘液囊肿(appendix mucocele)8-06 急性重症肝炎（急性黄色肝萎缩）(acute severe hepatitis)8-07 亚急性重症肝炎（亚急性黄色肝萎缩）(subacute severe hepatitis)8-08 门脉性肝硬化(portal cirrhosis)8-09 胆汁性肝硬化(biliary cirrhosis)8-10 坏死后性肝硬化(post-necrotic cirrhosis)8-11 息肉型胃癌(polypoid type of gastric carcinoma)8-12 溃疡型胃癌(ulcerative type of gastric carcinoma)8-13 浸润型胃癌(infiltrating type of gastric carcinoma)8-14 食管癌(carcinoma of the esophagus)8-15 巨块型肝癌(unifocal large mass type of primary carcinoma of the liver)8-16 结节型肝癌(multifocal type with numerous nodules of primary carcinoma of the liver)8-17 胰腺癌(carcinoma of the pancreas)8-18 结肠癌(carcinoma of colon)8-19 急性胆囊炎(acute cholecystitis)8-20 慢性胆囊炎(chronic cholecystitis)8-21 慢性萎缩性胃炎(chronic atrophic gastritis)8-22 慢性胃溃疡(chronic gastric ulcer)8-23 急性阑尾炎(acute appendicitis)8-24 慢性阑尾炎(chronic appendicitis)8-25 门脉性肝硬化(portal cirrhosis)8-26 胆汁性肝硬化(biliary cirrhosis)8-27 急性（普通型）肝炎( acute hepatitis)8-28 急性重症肝炎(acute severe hepatitis)8-29 亚急性重症肝炎(subacute severe hepatitis)8-30 急性胆囊炎(acute cholecystitis)8-31 胃粘液腺癌(mucinous gland gastric carcinoma)8-32 食管癌(carcinoma of the esophagus)8-33 肝细胞癌(hepatocellular carcinoma)9-01 霍奇金淋巴瘤(Hodgkin’s lymphoma)9-02非霍奇金淋巴瘤 (non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma)9-03非霍奇金淋巴瘤之淋巴结 (lymph node of non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma )9-04急、慢性髓母细胞性白血病 (actue/chronic myelogenous leukemia)9-05 慢性粒细胞白血病之脾 (spleen of chronic myelogenous leukemia)9-06霍奇金淋巴瘤(Hodgkin’s lymphoma)9-07 非霍奇金淋巴瘤—小细胞淋巴瘤(non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma)9-08急性髓母细胞白血病之肝脏（liver of acute myeloblastic leukemia ）9-09急性髓母细胞性白血病（血图片）(acute myeloblastic leukemia)10-01狼疮性肾炎(lupus nephritis)10-02 心脏移植(heart transplantation)11-01急性弥漫性增生性肾小球肾炎(acute diffuse proliferative glomerulonephritis) 11-02新月体性肾小球肾炎(crescentic glomerulonephritis)11-03慢性肾小球肾炎(chronic glomerulonephritis)11-04急性肾盂肾炎(acute pyelonephritis)11-05慢性肾盂肾炎(chronic pyelonephritis)11-06肾细胞癌(renal cell carcinoma)11-07膀胱乳头状癌(papillary carcinoma of bladder)11-08肾母细胞瘤(nephroblastoma)11-09急性弥漫性增生性肾小球肾炎(acute diffuse proliferative glomerulonephritis)11-10 新月体性肾小球肾炎(crescentic glomerulonephritis)11-11 轻微病变性肾小球肾炎(minimal change glomerulonephritis)11-12 膜性肾小球肾炎(membranous glomerulonephritis)11-13 膜性增生性肾小球肾炎(membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis)11-14 慢性肾小球肾炎(chronic glomerulonephritis)11-15 急性肾盂肾炎(acute pyelonephritis)11-16 慢性肾盂肾炎(chronic pyelonephritis)11-17 肾透明细胞癌(clear cell renal carcinoma)11-18膀胱移行细胞癌(transitional cell carcinoma of the bladder)12-01 子宫颈癌（外生菜花型）(cervical carcinoma)12-02 子宫内膜腺癌(endometrial adenocarcinoma)12-03 子宫平滑肌瘤(leiomyoma of the uterus)12-04 完全性葡萄胎(hydatidiform mole）12-05 绒毛膜癌(choriocarcinoma)12-06 卵巢粘液性囊腺瘤（mucinous cystadenoma of ovary）12-07 卵巢浆液性乳头状囊腺瘤(serous cystadenoma of ovary)12-08 乳腺纤维腺瘤(fibroadenoma of the breast)12-09 乳腺癌(carcinoma of the breast)12-10 炎症性乳腺癌(inflammatory carcinoma of the breast)12-11 慢性子宫颈炎(chronic cervicitis)12-12 子宫颈浸润性鳞状细胞癌(invasive squamous cell carcinoma)12-13 葡萄胎(hydatidiform mole)12-14 绒毛膜癌(choriocarcinoma)12-15 卵巢浆液性囊腺瘤(serous cystadenoma of ovary)12-16 乳腺浸润性导管癌(invasive ductal carcinoma of the breast)13-01 单纯性甲状腺肿(simple goiter)13-02 毒性甲状腺肿(toxic goiter)13-03 甲状腺瘤(thyroid adenoma)13-04 甲状腺癌(carcinoma of thyroid)13-05胶样甲状腺肿（colloid goiter）13-06 毒性甲状腺肿(toxic goiter)13-07 甲状腺滤泡性腺瘤(follicular adenoma of thyroid)13-08 甲状腺乳头状癌(papillary carcinoma of thyroid)13-09 甲状腺髓样癌(medullary carcinoma of thyroid)14-01 流行性脑脊髓膜炎(epidemic cerebrospinal meningitis)14-02 流行性乙型脑炎(epidemic encephalitis B)14-3 胶质瘤(glioma)14-03流行性脑脊髓膜炎 (epidemic cerebrospinal meningitis)14-04 流行性乙型脑炎(epidemic encephalitis B)15-01原发性肺结核病 (primary pulmonary tuberculosis)15-02支气管淋巴结结核病15-03肺粟粒性结核病 (pulmonary miliary tuberculosis)15-04全身粟粒性结核病( systemic miliary tuberculosis)15-05局灶型肺结核15-06浸润型肺结核(Infiltrative pulmonary tuberculosis)15-07干酪样肺炎(caseous pneumonia)15-8急性空洞性肺结核15-9慢性纤维空洞型肺结核(chronic fibro-cavitative pulmonary tuberculosis )15-10肺结核球 (tuberculoma)15-11结核性胸膜炎 (tuberculous pleuritis)15-12肠结核病（溃疡型）(intestinal tuberculosis，ulcer)15-13肾结核病 (t uberculosis of kidney)15-14结核性脑膜炎(tubercular meningitis)15-15 脊髓结核 (tuberculosis of spine)15-16 关节结核(tuberculosis of joint)15-17附睾结核 (tuberculosis of epididymis)15-18腹膜及肠系膜淋巴结结核 (tuberculosis of epididymis)15-19肠伤寒各期之回肠 (typhoid fever)15-20细菌性痢疾之结肠 (colon of bacillary dysentery)15-21中毒型细菌性痢疾 (toxic type bacillary dysentery)15-22流行性出血热之心(heart of epidemic hemorrhagic fever)15-23流行出血热之肾(kidney of epidemic hemorrhagic fever)15-24白色念珠菌病之食管(esophagus of white candidiasis )15-25肺粟粒性结核病（以增生为主）(proliferative pulmonary tuberculosis) 15-26肺粟粒性结核病（以渗出为主） (exudative pulmonary tuberculosis) 15-27肺结核球(tuberculosis)15-28肠结核（溃疡型）(intestinal tuberculosis)15-29结核性脑膜炎(tubercular meningitis)15-30肠伤寒(typhoid fever)15-31细菌性痢疾 (bacillary dysentery)15-32 尖锐湿疣(condyloma acuminatum)15-33肺曲菌病 (aspergillosis of lung)15-34流行性出血热肾脏(kidney of epidemic hemorrhagic fever)16-01 结肠阿米巴病(intestinal amoebiasis)16-02 阿米巴肝脓肿(amoebic liver abscess)16-03 肠阿米巴病(intestinal amoebiasis)16-04 血吸虫病(schistosomiasis)16-05 肺吸虫病(parogonimiasis)。
常用英汉医学词汇对照
丁香园 | 丁香通 | 招聘 | 会议 | 药学 | 博客 站内搜索 | 我的论坛 | 我的消息 | 个人属性 | 退出登录影像核医学丁香园论坛-医学/药学/生命科学论坛版内 站内» Welcome to Forum » 影像医学和核医学讨论版 » 讲座打印话题寄给朋友【专题】常用英汉医学词汇对照linqiang2489甘哥发贴: 131积分: 8得票: 4状态: 离线个人资料发短消息 2007-09-16 10:41常用英汉医学词汇对照A----------abscess of kidney 肾脓肿acoustic 听神经瘤 acute pancreatitis 急性胰腺炎 analog 模拟 analog/digital converter 模拟/数字转化器 angiography of spinal cord 脊髓血管造影 angioma 血管瘤 angiomyolipoma 血管平滑肌脂肪瘤 anterior cerebral artery,ACA 大脑前动脉 anterior communicating artery,AcoA 前交通动脉 arachnoidcyst 蛛网膜囊肿 arterior-venous malformation,AVM 动静脉畸形artifact 伪影astrocytoma 星形细胞瘤atelectasis 肺不张attenuation 衰减attenuation coefficient 衰减系数axial scan 轴位扫描B----------B basilar artery,BA 基底动脉Beam hardening artifact 射线硬化伪影biopsy gun 活检枪biopsy needle 活检针biphasic contrast enhancement 双期增强扫描bone mineral density,BMD 骨密度brain abscess 脑脓肿brain hemorrhage 脑出血brain trauma 脑外伤bronchiectsis 支气管扩张bronchogenic carcinoma 支气管肺癌C----------calcification of the pleura 胸膜钙化calculus of kidney 肾结石carcinoma of bladder 膀胱癌carcinoma of the cervix 宫颈癌carcinoma of kidney 肾癌carcinoma of prostate 前列腺癌carcinoma of ovary 卵巢癌cavity 空洞central bronchogenic carcinoma 中央型肺癌cerebral atrophy 脑萎缩cerebral contusion 脑搓伤cerebral infarction 脑梗塞cerebral ischemia 脑缺血cerebral cycticercosis 脑囊虫病cholesteatoma 胆脂瘤cholangiocarcinoma 胆管癌cholecystitis 胆囊炎chronic pancreatitis 慢性胰腺炎circle of willis 脑底动脉环cirrhosis 肝硬化collimator 准直器console 控制台contrast medium 对比剂contrast enhancement 对比增强contrast media bolus 造影剂团注contusion of kidney 肾挫伤contusion of spinal cord 脊髓挫伤coronal scan 冠状面扫描craniopharyngioma 颅咽管瘤CT angiography，CTA CT血管造影术CT arterial portography,CTAP CT动脉性门脉造影CT fluoroscopy CT透视CT guided needle biopsy CT导向穿刺活检CT guided fine needle aspiration biopsy CT导向细针抽吸活组织检查CT guided stereotaxis CT导向立体定位CT intervention CT介入CT muelography,CTM CT脊髓造影CT value CT值Cyst of Kinney 肾囊肿D----------delayed scan 延迟扫描density resolution 密度分辨率digital martrix 数字矩阵dynamic scanning 动态扫描E----------enhancement scan 增强扫描ependymoma 室管膜瘤epidural hematoma 硬膜外血肿F----------fatty liver 脂肪肝field of view,FOV 视野FWHM 有效层厚G----------gallbladder carcinoma 胆囊癌gallstone 胆石症golima 胶质瘤Graves’ disease 格氏眼病H----------hepatic cyst 肝囊肿hepatocellular 肝细胞癌high KV radiography 高千伏摄影high resolution CT,HRCT 高分辨率CThigh spatial-freqyency algorithm 高空间频率计算法重建hypaque 泛影钠----------image post-processing 图象后处理image reconstruction 图象重建informatics in radiology,infoRAD 信息放射学interventional radiology 介入放射学iodipamide/biligrafin/cholografin 胆影葡胺iohexol 碘苯六醇（欧乃派克）iopromide 碘普罗胺isovist 伊索显L----------laser printer 激光打印机M----------matrix 矩阵maximum intensity projection,MIP 最大强度投影medulloblastoma 髓母细胞瘤meningioma 黑色素瘤motion artifact 运动伪影multiformat camera 多幅相机multiplanar reformation,MPR 多平面重建multiple sclerosis 多发性肝硬化N----------neurofibroma 神经纤维瘤noise 噪声O----------orbitomeatal line 听眶线overlap scan 重叠扫描P----------partial volume effect 部分容积效应peripheral space phenomenon 周围间隙现象picture achieve and communication system,PACS 图象存储和传输系统pitch 螺距pixel 像素plain scan 平扫pleural effusion 胸腔积液posterior cerebral artery,PCA 大脑后动脉preventive maintenace 日常维护程序protrusion of intervertebral disk 椎间盘突出----------quantitative computed tomography,QCT 定量CTR----------region of interest 兴趣区retinoblastoma 视网膜母细胞瘤S----------scout view 定位扫描slice increment 间距slice thickness 层厚spatial resolution 空间分辨率spinal srenosis 椎管狭窄spiral CT/helical CT 螺旋CTsubdural hematoma 硬膜下血肿T----------teleradiology 远程放射学temporal resolution 时间分辨率thin slice scan 薄层扫描three dimension computed tomography,3 DCT 三维CT three-dimensional surface reconstrction,SSD 三维表面重建threshold 阈值tomography 体层摄影tuberculosis 肺结核U----------ultrafast CT,UFCT 超高速CTultravist 优维显urografin 泛影葡胺V----------vertebral artery,VA 椎动脉virtual endoscopy,VE 仿真内镜volume acquisition 容积采集volume scan 容积扫描voxel matrix 像素矩阵W----------window level 窗位window width 窗宽work station 工作站X----------Xeroradiography 干板照相X-ray tube X线球管Xenon,Xe 氙气关于CT方面的中英文对照：anterior pararenal space 肾旁前间隙aortopulmonary window level 主肺动脉窗层面bone window 骨窗CT angiography, CTA CT血管造影density resolution 密度分辨力distal of the aortic arch level 主动脉弓上层面dural sac 硬膜囊dynamic contrast-enhanced imaging 动脉增强扫描electron beam CT, EBCT 电子束CTfluid-fluid level 液-液平面four-chamber level “四腔心”层面higt resolution CT, HRCT 高分辨力CTHounsfield Unit HUintra/extra-capsular ligaments 囊内外韧带lateroconal fascia 侧锥筋膜left atrial level 左心房层面pericardial defect 心包缺损pericardial neoplasm 心包新生物pericardial effusions 心包渗出pericardial thickening and calaification 心包增厚和钙化pericardium 心包perirenal space 肾周间隙posterior pararenal space 肾旁后间隙pulmonary artery level 主肺动脉层面soft-tissue window 软组织窗spatial resolution 空间分辨力spiral CT 螺旋CTaortic arch level 主动脉弓层面ventricle level 心室层面头部急诊平扫?Emergent Head Scan头部急诊增强?Emergent Head Enhanced Scan头部平扫?Head Routine Scan头部增强?Head Enhanced Scan眼部平扫?Orbits Routine Scan眼部增强?Orbits Enhanced Scan内耳平扫?Inner Ear Routine Scan内耳增强?Inner Ear Enhanced Scan乳突平扫?Mastoid Routine Scan乳突增强?Mastoid Enhanced Scan蝶鞍平扫?Sella Routine Scan蝶鞍增强?Sella Enhanced Scan鼻窦轴位平扫?Sinus Axial Routine Scan鼻窦轴位增强?Sinus Axial Enhanced Scan鼻窦冠位平扫?Sinus Coronal Scan鼻窦冠位增强?Sinus Coronal Enhanced Scan鼻咽平扫?Nasopharynx Routine Scan鼻咽增强?Nasopharynx Enhanced Scan腮腺平扫?Parotid Routine Scan腮腺增强?Parotid Enhanced Scan喉平扫?Larynx Routine Scan喉增强?Larynx Enhanced Scan甲状腺平扫?Hypothyroid Routine Scan甲状腺增强?Hypothyroid Enhanced Scan颈部平扫?Neck Routine Scan颈部增强?Neck Enhanced Scan肺栓塞扫描?Lung Embolism Scan胸腺平扫?Thymus Routine Scan胸腺增强?Thymus Enhanced Scan胸骨平扫?Sternum Routine Scan胸骨增强?Sternum Enhanced Scan胸部平扫?Chest Routine Scan胸部薄层扫描?High Resolution Chest Scan胸部增强?Chest Enhanced Scan胸部穿刺?Chest Puncture Scan轴扫胸部穿刺?Axial Chest Punture Scan上腹部平扫?Upper-Abdomen Routine Scan中腹部平扫?Mid-Abdomen Routine Scan上腹部增强?Upper-Abdomen Routine Enhanced Scan中腹部增强?Mid-Abdomen Routine Scan腹部穿刺?Abdomen Puncture Scan轴扫腹部穿刺?Axial Abdomen Puncture Scan颈椎平扫?C-spine Routine Scan胸椎平扫?T-spine Routine Scan腰椎平扫?L-spine Routine Scan盆腔平扫?Pelvis Routine Scan盆腔增强?Pelvis Enhanced Scan骶髂关节平扫?SI Joint Scan肩关节平扫?Shoulder Joint Scan上肢软组织平扫?Upper Extremities Soft Tissue Scan上肢软组织增强?Upper Extremities Soft Tissue Enhanced 肘关节平扫?Elbow Joint Routine Scan腕关节平扫?Wrist Joint Routine Scan手部平扫?Hand Routine Scan髋关节平扫?Hip Joint Routine Scan膝关节平扫?Knee Joint Routine Scan踝关节平扫?Ankle Joint Routine Scan下肢软组织平扫?Lower Extremities Soft Tissue Scan下肢软组织增强?Lower Extremities Soft Tissue Enhanced 足部平扫?Foot Routine Scan血管造影和三维成像头部血管造影?Head CT Angiography颈部血管造影?Neck CT Angiography心脏冠脉造影?Coronal Artery Angiography心脏冠脉钙化积分?Cardiac Calcium Scoring Scan胸部血管造影?Chest CT Angiography腹部血管造影?Abdomen CT Angiography上肢血管造影?Upper Extremities CT Angiography下肢血管造影?Lower Extremities CT Angiography五官三维成像?3D Facial Scan胃三维?3D Stomach CT Scan结肠三维?3D Colon CT Scan颈椎三维?3D C-Spine胸椎三维?3D T-Spine腰椎三维?3D L-Spine肩关节三维?3D Shoulder Joint肘关节三维?3D Elbow Joint腕关节三维?3D Wrist Joint髋关节三维?3D Hip Joint膝关节三维?3D Knee Joint踝关节三维?3D Ankle Joint检查名称?英文对照头部平扫?Head Routine Scan头部常规增强?Head Routine Enhanced Scan头部动态增强?Head Dynamic Enhanced Scan垂体平扫?Sella Routine Scan垂体增强?Sella Enhanced Scan鼻咽部平扫?Nasopharynx Routine Scan鼻咽部增强?Nasopharynx Enhanced Scan眼眶部平扫?Orbits Routine Scan眼眶部增强?Orbits Enhanced Scan内听道平扫?Inner Ear Routine Scan颈部平扫?Neck Routine Scan颈部普通增强?Neck Enhanced Scan颈部动态增强?Neck Dynamic Enhanced Scan上腹部平扫?Upper Abdomen Scan上腹部普通增强?Upper Abdomen Routine Enhanced上腹部动态增强?Upper Abdomen Dynamic Enhanced中腹部平扫?Mid-Abdomen Scan中腹部普通增强?Mid-Abdomen Routine Enhanced中腹部动态增强?Mid-Abdomen Dynamic Enhanced肾脏平扫?Kidney Routine Scan肾上腺平扫?Adrenal Routine Scan肾脏普通增强?Kidney Routine Enhanced Scan肾脏动态增强?Kidney Dynamic Enhanced Scan胰胆管造影?MRCP尿路造影?MRU腹和盆腔联合扫描?Abdomen & Pelvis Scan颈椎平扫?C-spine Scan颈椎增强?C-spine Enhanced Scan胸椎平扫?T-spine Scan胸椎增强?T-spine Enhanced Scan腰椎平扫?L-spine Scan腰椎增强?L-spine Enhanced Scan胸腰段平扫?T&L Spine Scan胸腰段增强?T&L Spine Enhanced Scan胸部平扫?Chest Scan胸部普通增强?Chest Routine Enhanced Scan胸部动态增强?Chest Dynamic Enhanced Scan女性盆腔平扫?Female Pelvis Scan女性盆腔普通增强?Female Pelvis Routine Enhanced女性盆腔动态增强?Female Pelvis Dynamic Enhanced男性盆腔平扫?Male Pelvis Scan男性盆腔普通增强?Male Pelvis Routine Enhanced男性盆腔动态增强?Male Pelvis Dynamic Enhanced肩关节平扫?Shoulder Joint Scan肘关节平扫?Elbow Joint Scan腕关节平扫?Wrist Joint Scan手部平扫?Hand Scan上肢软组织平扫?Upper Soft Tissue Scan上肢软组织普通增强?Upper Soft Tissue Routine Enhanced 上肢软组织动态增强?Upper Soft Tissue Dynamic Enhanced 骶髂关节平扫?Sacrum Ilium Joint Scan髋关节平扫?Hip Joint Scan膝关节平扫?Knee Joint Routine Scan踝关节平扫?Ankle Joint Routine Scan足部平扫?Foot Routine Scan下肢软组织平扫?Lower Soft Tissue Scan下肢软组织普通增强?Lower Soft Tissue Routine Enhanced 下肢软组织动态增强?Lower Soft Tissue Dynamic Enhanced 上肢MRA?Upper Extremities MRA下肢MRA?Lower Extremities MRA心脏大血管造影?Heart MR Angiography胸主动脉造影?T-Artery MR Angiography腹主动脉造影?Abd-Artery MR Angiography头部血管造影?Head MR Angiography颈部血管造影?Head MR Angiography盆腔血管造影?Pelvis MR Angiography下腔静脉MRA?Portal Vein MRAultrasound 超声ultrasonography 超声成像gray scale 灰阶real time imaging 实时成像B-mode ultrasound B型超声color Doppler ultrasound 彩色多普勒超声sonogram (echogram) 省像图probe 探头acoustic shadowing 声影angiography 血管造影digital subtration angiography (DSA) 数字减影血管造影digital radiography (DR) 数字X线摄影intraarterial DSA (IADSA) 动脉DSAintravenous DSA (IVDSA) 静脉DSAInterventional radiology 介入放射学Vascular interventional radiology 血管性介入放射学transcatheter embolization(TAE) 栓塞术emboliaztion agents 栓塞剂gelfoam 明胶海绵Ivalon 聚乙烯醇spring coil 弹簧圈detachable ballon 可脱球囊Seldinger technique 经股动脉穿刺术percutaneoius transluminal angioplasty(PTA) 经皮血管腔内成形术laster angioplasty 激光血管成形术atherectomy 粥样斑块切除术ultrasonic angioplasty 超声血管成形术metalic stent 金属内支架endovascular stent 血管内支架restenosis 再狭窄percutaneous balloon mitral valvuloplasty 经皮球囊二尖瓣成形术percutaneous balloon pulmonary valvuloplasty 经皮球囊肺动脉瓣成形术thrombolysis 血栓溶解transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt (Tipss) 经颈静脉肝内门－体静脉分流术nonvascular interventional radiology 非血管性介入放射学percutaneous transhepatic cholangiography (PTC) 经皮经肝胆道造影percutaneous transhepatic biliary drainage (PTCD) 经皮经肝胆道引流术needle puncture biopsy 针刺活检percutaneous pyelostomy 经皮肾盂造瘘术常规位置：standard views；补充位置：supplementary views；前后位AP，anteroposterior；后前位PA，posteroanterior；侧位lateral；斜位oblique；轴位axial；举报• 【求助】一列失血休克的患者，请大家多提意见linqiang2489甘哥发贴: 131积分: 8得票: 4状态:离线个人资料发短消息2007-09-16 10:42切线位tangential；眼眶orbit鼻窦后前23°位、华氏位、顶颏位occipitomental，Waters；眼眶后前37°位、柯氏位、鼻颌位、枕额位occipitofrontal，Caldwell；视神经孔后前位，瑞氏位Rhese；颞骨temporal bone乳突侧位：15°侧位，劳氏位Law；25°侧位，许氏位Schuller；35°侧位，伦氏位Runstrom；斜位：后前（45°）斜位，斯氏位Stenvers；前后斜位、反斯氏位；岩部轴位：（仰卧45°）梅氏位Mayer；欧文氏位Owen；岩部前后位AP axial，Towne；拇指thumb拇指前后位Robert；手hand后前斜位pronation oblique；前后斜位supination oblique，ball-catcher's腕wrist舟骨位scaphoid；腕管位carpal tunnel；肘elbow小头位capitellum，鹰嘴位olecranon；髋hip侧位（蛙形位）frog-leg，侧位（仰卧水平投照）cross-table lateral，groin lateral；颈椎cervical spine第1、2颈椎前后位，张口位open-mouth，OMV；胸部chest侧卧位lateral decubitus，前凸位（前后位及后前位）apical lordotic；前弓位kyphotic；附：床旁portable；呼气像expiratory；高千伏摄影high kilovoltage radiography；腹部abdomen腹平片plain abdominal radiograph，abdominal plain film尿路仰卧前后位，尿路平片：KUB，plain film of kidney，ureters，bl adder（仰卧）前后位supine abdominal radiograph；立位upright abdominal radiograph；乳腺breast钼靶X线摄影：mammogram，molybdenum target radiography；yanxingzaoyingjipositive contrast agent (阳性)negtive contrast agent (阴性)一、部位location：同侧ipsilateral；对侧contralateral；患侧affected side；健侧intac t side；近侧proximal side；远侧distal side；移位deviation，shift，displacement；无移位nondisplaced；抬高el evation；下降descent，fall；邻接abutting，next to，secondary to；二、范围extent：局限localized，regional；弥散diffuse；三、分布distribution：单侧unilateral；双侧bilateral,(in)both(lung fields)；对称symmetri c；不对称asymmetric；孤立solitary；散在scattered；融合conflu ence(confluent)；中心性central；偏心性eccentric；周围的periphe ry，peripheral；主要predominantly，primarily；in a segmental or lobar distribution；(sth) on the left；in the left lower zone；稀疏；集中；四、数目number：单发solitary，single；多发multiple；增多increase；减少decrease；消失disappear；五、大小size：大large；小small；扩大enlarge/enlargement；扩张dilatation；膨胀distention；缩小shrink；体积缩小loss of volume；狭窄stenosis，narrowing；闭塞occlusion，obliteration，emphraxis；生长速率rate of growth；倍增时间doubling time；直径小于3厘米less than 3cm in diameter；不超过1厘米(small nodules)10 mm or less in size；直径增长25% 25% increase in di ameter；体积增大一倍doubling of volume；大小不同的of varying sizes；六、形状shape,morphology：点状dot(punctual，punctate)；斑点状mottling，stippled；粟粒状miliary；结节状nodular；团块状mass，masslike；圆形circular，r ound，rounded；卵圆形oval；椭圆形ellipse；长方形（椭圆形）ob long；分叶状lobulated；片状patchy；条索stripe；线状linar；网状reticular；囊状cystic；弧线形curvilinear；星状stellate；纠集c rowding，converging；舟状boat-shaped，navicular，scaphoid；哑铃状dumb-bell；不规则形irregular；细致fine；粗糙coarse；变形deformity；增粗、增厚thicken；变细、变薄thinning；变平fl attened；七、边缘border，margin(marginated)，rim，edge(edged)；轮廓（外形）outline，contour；光滑(smooth)；清晰，锐利(sharp，well-defined，well-circumscrib ed，clear，distinct)；模糊hazy，indistinct，blurred，ill-defined，obscured，silhouette o ut (sth)；不规则irregular；毛刺状、针状spiculated；分叶的lobul ated,multilobulated；八、密度density(dense)，densitometry，attenuation（X线成像）：透亮lucency(lucent)，transparent；病灶lesion：阴影shadow；不透光haziness，opacification，opacit y，opaque；致密density(dense)；低密度hypodense，low density；高密度hyperdense，high density；混杂密度mixed density；solid，subsolid(part solid)，ground-glass(nonsolid)回声echo(echoic)（超声成像）：* 无回声anecho，弱回声poor echo，低回声hypoecho，low level echo；等回声medium echo，iso-echo，高回声hyper echo，high l evel echo，强回声strong echo；信号signal（磁共振成像）：低信号hypointensity；高信号hyperintensity；九、程度：轻度mild；slightly；中度moderately；重度severe；grossly；十、变化：一过性的，短暂的ephemeral；fleeting；transient；稳定stability(stable)；密度水样密度watery density等密度isodense均匀密度homogeneous density不均匀密度nonhomogeneous density信号等信号isointensity混合信号heterogeneous intensity信号强度减弱decreased signal intensity信号强度增高increased signal intensity流空现象flow empty phenomena增强enhancement静脉团注法intravenous bolus injection technique静脉快速滴注法intravenous rapid infusion增强扫描enhancement scan延迟扫描delayed scan动态扫描dynamic scan电影扫描cine scan增强前pre-enhancement pre-contrast增强后post-enhancement post-contrast动脉期arterial phase微血管期capillary phase静脉期venous phase延迟期delayed phase均匀增强homogeneous enhancement不均匀增强nonhomegeneous enhancement环状增强circular enhancement结节状增强nodular enhancement片状增强patchy enhancement脑回样增强gyriform enhancement边缘增强rim enhancementmedical imageology 医学影像学diagnostic radiology 放射诊断学x-ray diagnosis X线诊断imaging 影像contrast 对比resolution 分辨率fluoroscopy 荧光透视radiology 放射摄影tomography 体层摄影contrast agents (media) 造影剂protection from radiation 放射防护computed tomography (CT) 计算机体层摄影ct scanner CT扫描仪（CT机）analog/digital converter 模拟/数字转换器digital/analog converter 数字/模拟转换器voxel 体素pixel 象素spatial resolution 空间分辨率density resolution 密度分辨率Houlsfield unit CT值单位plain ct scan CT平扫contrast enhancement ct scan CT增强扫描convertional CT 常规CTspiral CT 螺旋CTultrafast ct (electric beam CT) 超高速CT（电子束CT）magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) 磁共振成像radio frequency (RF) 射频脉冲relaxation time 驰豫时间spin-lattice relaxation time 自旋－晶格（即纵向）(longitudinal relaxation time) 驰豫时间，简称T1spin-Spin(transverse) relaxation time 自旋－自旋（即横向）驰豫时间，简称T2spin-echo sequence (SE) 自旋回波序列echo time 回波时间repetitiontime 脉冲重复间隔时间（TR）T1 weighted (T1WI) image T1成像T2 weighted (T2WI) image T2成像magnetic resonance angiography (MRA) 磁共振血管成像flowing void effect 流空效应Time of flight (TOF) 时间流逝法phase contrast (PC) 相位对比法Gadolinium-DTPA (Gd-DTPA) 钆－二乙三胺五醋酸（磁显葡胺）检查名称?英文对照头颅正侧位?Skull PA & LAT鼻窦?Sinus PA左侧乳突?Left Mastoid Process右侧乳突?Right Mastoid Process鼻骨侧位?Nasal Bones LAT颈椎正侧位?C-Spine PA & LAT颈椎双斜位?C-Spine Dual Oblique胸椎正侧位?T-Spine PA & LAT腰椎正侧位?L-Spine PA & LAT骶尾正侧位?Saccrum/Coccyx AP & LAT胸部正侧位（成人）?Chest PA & LAT (Adult)胸部正侧位（儿童）?Chest PA & LAT (Pediatrics)骨盆（成人）?Pelvis PA (Adult)骨盆（儿童）?Pelvis PA (Pediatrics)腹部（成人）?Abdomen ( Adult)腹部（儿童）?Abdomen (Pediatircs)左侧肩关节?Left Shoulder Joint右侧肩关节?Right Shoulder Joint左侧肱骨正侧位?Left Humerus AP & LAT右侧肱骨正侧位?Right Humerus AP & LAT左侧尺桡骨正侧位?Left Forearm AP & LAT右侧尺桡骨正侧位?Right Forearm AP & LAT左侧肘关节正侧位?Left Elbow Joint AP & LAT右侧肘关节正侧位?Right Elbow Joint AP & LAT左手正斜位?Left Hand AP & Oblique右手正斜位?Right Hand AP & Oblique左侧腕关节正侧位?Left Wrist Joint AP & LAT右侧腕关节正侧位?Right Wrist Joint AP & LAT双腕关节正位（成人）?Dual Wrist Joint AP (Adult)双腕关节正位（儿童）?Dual Wrist Joint AP (Pediatrics) 左侧股骨正侧位?Left Femur AP & LAT右侧股骨正侧位?Right Femur AP & LAT左侧膝关节正侧位?Left Knee Joint AP & LAT右侧膝关节正侧位?Right Knee Joint AP & LAT左侧胫腓骨正侧位?Left Tibia Fibula AP & LAT右侧胫腓骨正侧位?Right Tibia Fibula AP & LAT左侧踝关节正侧位?Left Ankle Joint AP & LAT右侧踝关节正侧位?Right Ankle Joint AP & LAT左侧足部正侧位?Left Foot AP & LAT右侧足部正侧位?Right Foot AP & LAT足跟侧位?Calcaneus LAT检查方法名称?英文对照胸部正位?Chest PA胸部正侧位?Chest PA & LAT心脏三位片?Heart胸部斜位?Chest OBL胸骨侧位?Sternum LAT胸锁骨关节像?Sternum Calvicle Joint PA锁骨正位?Calvicle PA肩关节正位?Shoulder Joint AP头颅正位?Skull AP头颅正侧?Skull AP & LAT颈椎正位?C-spine AP颈椎张口位?C-spine Open Mouth颈椎正侧位?C-spine AP & LAT颈椎正侧双斜位?C-spine AP & LAT & Dual OBL颈椎六位像?C-spine 6 position颈椎正侧双斜张口位?C-spine AP & LAT & Dual OBL Open Mouth 颈胸段正侧位?C-T-spine AP & LAT胸椎正侧?T-spine AP & LAT胸腰段正侧位?T-L-spine AP & LAT腰椎正侧位?L-spine AP & LAT腰椎正侧双斜?L-spine AP & LAT & Dual OBL腰椎双斜?L-spine Dual OBL腰椎六位像?L-spine 6 position腰椎过伸过屈位?L-spine Lordotic Kyphotic Position腰骶椎正侧位?L-S-spine AP & LAT骶尾椎正侧位?Saccrum/Coccyx AP & LAT尾椎侧位像?Coccyx LAT骶髂关节正位?Sacrum Ilium Joint AP骶髂关节切线位?Sacrum Ilium Joint Tangential Position骨盆正位?Pelvis AP耻骨坐骨正位?Pubis Ischium AP常规位置：standard views；补充位置：supplementary views；前后位AP，anteroposterior；后前位PA，posteroanterior；侧位lateral；斜位oblique；轴位axial；切线位tangential；眼眶orbit鼻窦后前23°位、华氏位、顶颏位occipitomental，Waters；眼眶后前37°位、柯氏位、鼻颌位、枕额位occipitofrontal，Caldwell；视神经孔后前位，瑞氏位Rhese；颞骨temporal bone乳突侧位：15°侧位，劳氏位Law；25°侧位，许氏位Schuller；35°侧位，伦氏位Runstrom；斜位：后前（45°）斜位，斯氏位Stenvers；前后斜位、反斯氏位；岩部轴位：（仰卧45°）梅氏位Mayer；欧文氏位Owen；岩部前后位AP axial，Towne；拇指thumb拇指前后位Robert；手hand后前斜位pronation oblique；前后斜位supination oblique，ball-catcher's腕wrist舟骨位scaphoid；腕管位carpal tunnel；肘elbow小头位capitellum，鹰嘴位olecranon；髋hip侧位（蛙形位）frog-leg，侧位（仰卧水平投照）cross-table lateral，groin lateral；颈椎cervical spine第1、2颈椎前后位，张口位open-mouth，OMV；胸部chest侧卧位lateral decubitus，前凸位（前后位及后前位）apical lordotic；前弓位kyphotic；附：床旁portable；呼气像expiratory；高千伏摄影high kilovoltage radiography；腹部abdomen腹平片plain abdominal radiograph，abdominal plain film尿路仰卧前后位，尿路平片：KUB，plain film of kidney，ureters，bl adder（仰卧）前后位supine abdominal radiograph；立位upright abdominal radiograph；乳腺breast钼靶X线摄影：mammogram，molybdenum target radiography；腹部平片?Abdomen AP上肢?Upper Extremities下肢?Lower Extremities华氏位?Waltz Position下颌骨正侧位?Mandible PA_LAT头颅正侧位?Skull PA_LAT颧弓切线位?Zygomatic小儿胸片?Chest膝关节造影?Knee Joint Contrast肩关节造影?Shoulder Joint Contrast椎管造影?Spinal ContrastTMJ造影?TMJ contrast腮腺造影?Parotid Contrast静脉肾盂造影?IVP逆行尿路造影?Contrary Urethral Contrast子宫造影?Uterus ContrastT管造影?T-tube Cholangiography五官造影?Facial Contrast窦道造影?Contrast Fistulography瘤腔造影?Tumor Cavity Contrast异物定位?Orientation胆系造影?CholecystographyERCP?ERCP上消化道造影?Upper Gastrointestinal Contrast全消化道造影?Full Gastrointestinal Contrast钡灌肠造影?Barium Contrast of Colon小肠低张造影?Small Bowel Enema结肠低张造影?Hypotonic Colon Contrast食道造影?Contrast Esophagography关于X线方面的部分中英文对照：acromioclavicular joint 肩锁关节air bronchogram 支气管影像ankle joint 踝关节ankylosis of joint 关节强直arches of foot 足弓biligrafin 胆影葡胺bone age 骨龄bone canaliculi 骨小管bone cortex 骨皮质bone deformity 骨骼变形bone destruction 骨质破坏bone lacuna 骨陷窝bone lamella 骨板bony articular surface 骨关节面bursa 滑膜囊calcification 钙化carpal bones 腕骨cavity 空洞chondral calcification 软骨钙化compact bone and spongy bone 密质骨和松质骨degeneration of joint 关节退行性变destruction of joint 关节破坏diaphysis 骨干digital subtraction angiography, DSA 数字减影血管造影dislocation of joint 关节脱位dual photon absorptiometry, DPA 双光子吸收法dual X-ray energy absorptiometry, DXA 双能X线吸收法elbow joint 肘关节encapsulated effusion 包裹性积液end plate 终板epiphyseal line 骨骺线epiphyseal plate 骨骺板epiphysis 骨骺exudation 渗出fibrotic lesion 纤维性病变filling defect 充盈缺损free pleural effusion 游离性胸腔积液haemosiderosis 含钱血黄素沉着Hafersian system 哈弗系统haversian lamella 哈氏骨板hilar dance 肺门舞蹈hip joint 髋关节hydropneumothorax 液气胸hydroxyapatite crystal 羟基磷灰石结晶hyperostosis/osteosclerosis 骨质增生硬化intercondyloid eminence 髁间隆起interlobar effusion 叶间积液intermediate lamella 骨间板internal and external circumfereutial lamella 内、外环骨板interstitial pulmonary oedema 间质性肺水肿intervertebral disc 椎间盘intervertebral foramen 椎间孔intervertenral space 椎间隙intra-alveolar pulmonary oedema 肺泡性肺水肿joint 关节joint capsule 关节囊joint cartilage 关节软骨joint cavity 关节腔joint space 关节间隙knee joint 膝关节lamellar bone 层板骨left atrial enlargement 左心房增大left ventricular enlargement 左心室增大ligament 韧带localized pleural effusion 局限性胸腔积液looser zone 假骨折线mass 肿块medullary space 骨髓腔metacarpal bones 掌骨metaphysis 干骺端metatarsal bones 跖骨niche 龛影obstructive atelectasis 阻塞性肺不张obstructive emphysema 阻塞性肺气肿oral cholecystography 口服胆囊造影ossifcation 骨化ossification centre 骨化中心osteoblast 成骨细胞osteoclast 破骨细胞osteocyte 骨细胞osteomalacia 骨质软化osteonecrosis 骨质坏死osteoporosis 骨质疏松periosteal proliferation 骨膜增生periosteal reaction 骨膜反应periosteum and intermal periosteum 骨膜和骨内膜phalanges of fingers 指骨phalanges of toes 趾骨pleural thickening,adhesion and calaification 胸膜增厚、粘连及钙化pleural tumor 胸膜肿瘤pneumothorax 气胸proliferative lesion 增殖性病变pulmonary hilar enlargement 肺门增大pulmonary arterial hypertension 肺动脉高压pulmonary arterial pleonaemia 肺充血pulmonary hypertension 肺高压pulmonary oligaemia 肺少血pulmonary venous hypertension 肺静脉高压pulmonary venous pleonaemia 肺淤血quantitative computed tomography, QCT 定量CT法right atrial enlargement 右心房增大right ventricular enlargement 右心室增大sequestrum 死骨shoulder joint 肩关节soft tissue mass 软组织肿胀soft tissue swelling 软组织肿胀subpulmonary effusion 肺下积液swelling of joint 关节肿胀tarsal bones 跗骨tibia tuberosity 胫骨粗隆trabecula 骨小梁Volkmann canal 福尔克曼管woven bone 非层板骨wrist 腕关节abestosis 石棉肺acquired immunodeficiency syndrome, AIDS 艾滋病actinomycosis 放线菌病acute military tuberculosis 急性粟粒型肺结核agenesis and hypoplasia of the lung 肺不发育和肺发育不全allergic pneumonia 过敏性肺炎aluminum pneumoconiosis 铝尘肺amyloidosis of lung 肺淀粉样变性angiogram sign 血管造影征anthracosis 炭黑尘肺aspergillosis 曲菌病bronchiectasis 支气管扩张bronchogenic cyst 支气管囊肿bronchopneumonia 支气管肺炎broncho-pulmonary sequestration 支气管肺隔离症butterfly sign 蝶翼征cement pneumoconiosis 水泥尘肺chronic bronchitis 慢性支气管炎chronic pneumonia 慢性肺炎coalworker pneumoconiosis 煤工尘肺congenital bronchial cysts 先天性支气管囊肿contusion of lung 肺挫伤cryptococcosis 隐球菌病cylindrical bronchiectasis 柱状支扩dermoid cyst 皮样囊肿diaphragmatic eventeration 膈膨升diaphragmatic hermia 膈疝electric welder pneumoconiosis 电焊工尘肺esophageal cyst 食管囊肿foreign body of chest 胸部异物foundry worker pneumoconiosis 铸工尘肺Goodpasture syndrome 肺-肾综合征graphite pneumoconiosis 石墨尘肺halo sign 晕轮征hamartoma 错构瘤hematogenous pulmonary tuberculosis 血行播散型肺结核（II型）Hodgkin lymphoma 霍奇金淋巴瘤Hodgkin disease, HD 霍奇金病honeycomb lung 蜂窝状肺hydropneumothorax 液气胸inflammatory pseudotumor 炎性假瘤interstitial pneumonia 间质性肺炎intrathoracic goiter 胸内甲状腺kaolin pneumoconiosis 陶工尘肺Kaposi sarcoma 卡波济肉瘤laceration and hematoma of lung 肺撕裂伤与肺血肿laceration of trachea and bronchus 气管及支气管裂伤lipoma 脂肪瘤lobar pneumonia 大叶性肺炎Loffler syndroma 吕弗留综合征lung abscess 肺脓肿lymphangioma 淋巴管瘤lymphoma 淋巴瘤mediastinal emphysema 纵隔气肿mediastinal hematorma 纵隔血肿mediastinal tumor 纵隔肿瘤mediastinitis 纵隔炎mesothelial cyst 间皮囊肿mesothelioma of pleura 胸膜间皮瘤metastatic tumor of pleura 胸膜转移瘤mica pneumoconiosis 云母尘肺neurogenic neoplasms 神经源性肿瘤non Hodgkin lymphoma, NHL 非霍奇金淋巴瘤pleural thickening, adhesion and calcification胸膜肥厚粘连和钙化pleuro-peritoneal hiatus hernia 胸腹裂孔疝pneumocomosis 尘肺pneumomediastinum 纵隔气肿pneumothorax 气胸primary complex 原发综合征primary tuberculosis 原发性肺结核（I型）pulmonary alveolar microlithiasis 肺泡微石症pulmonary alveolar proteinosis 肺泡蛋白沉积症pulmonary arterio-venous fistula 肺动静脉瘘pulmonary arterio-venous malformation,PAVM肺动静脉畸形pulmonary connective tissue diseases 肺结缔组织疾病pulmonary edema 肺水肿pulmonary emboli 肺梗塞pulmonary infarcts 肺梗死pulmonary sequestration 肺隔离症pulmonary tuberculosis 肺结核pyothorax 化脓性胸膜炎radiation pneumonitis 放射性肺炎rheumatoid disease of the lung 肺类风湿性病saccular bronchiectasis 囊状支扩sarcoidosis 结节病secondary pulmonary tuberculosis 继发性肺结核（III型）seminoma 精原细胞瘤silicosis 矽肺staphylococal pneumonia 葡萄球菌肺炎subacute or chronic hematogenous pulmonary tuberculosis亚急性或慢性血行播散型肺结核systemic lupus erythomatosis, SLE 系统性红斑狼疮talc pneumoconiosis 滑石尘肺teratoma 畸胎瘤thymoma 胸腺瘤tramline sign 轨道征traumatic diaphragmatic hernia 外伤性隔疝tuberculosis of intrathoracic lymph nodes胸内淋巴结结核tuberculosis pleuritis 结核性胸膜炎varicose bronchiectasis 静脉曲张型支扩Wegner granuloma 韦格氏肉芽肿下肢静脉造影?Lower Vein Angiography上肢静脉造影?Upper Vein Angiography下肢动脉造影?Lower Artery Angiography上肢动脉造影?Upper Artery Angiography脑血管造影?Cerebrovascular Angiograhy主动脉弓胸腹主动脉造影?Aorta Angiography肾静脉取血?Kidney Vein Blood Sampling右心、左心造影?Right and Left Ventricular Angiography心肌活检?Myocardiam Centesis and Sampling冠状动脉造影?Coronary Arteriography腔静脉取血?Vena cava sampling心导管检查(微导管同)(进口仪器）?Cardiac catheterization经皮球囊扩张?Percutaneous balloon dilatating予激综合症心内膜检测?Endocardial investigation of preexcitation s yndrome希氏束电图?Electrocardiogram of bundle of His心脏临时起搏?Cardiac temporary pacing埋置永久心脏起搏器?Cardioc permanent pacemaker implanting体肢动脉系统介入治疗?Transartery interventional therapy支气管动脉介入治疗?Bronchus artery interventional therapy肺动脉介入治疗?Pulmonary artery interventional therapy头臂动脉介入治疗?Brachiocephalic artery interventional therapy静脉介入治疗?Veinous interventional therapy冠状动脉介入治疗(球囊成形)?Coronary Artery interventional therap y (balloon angioplasty)冠状动脉介入治疗(腔内旋磨)?Coronary Artery interventional therap y (rotablating)冠状动脉介入治疗(腔内支架)?Coronary Artery interventional therap y (stent implantaion)主动脉介入治疗?Aorta interventional therapy。
肿瘤治疗相关英语词汇
肿瘤治疗相关英语词汇Oncology, the branch of medicine that deals with the study, diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of cancer, has a rich lexicon of terms that are essential for healthcare professionals and patients alike. Here is a list of some key English vocabulary related to tumor treatment:1. Tumor: An abnormal growth of cells, which can be benign (non-cancerous) or malignant (cancerous).2. Carcinoma: A type of cancer that originates in the epithelial cells, which line the body's internal and external surfaces.3. Sarcoma: A type of cancer that develops in the supporting tissues of the body, such as bones, cartilage, or fat.4. Lymphoma: A cancer that originates in the lymphatic system, which is part of the immune system.5. Leukemia: Cancer of the blood-forming tissues, including the bone marrow and the lymphatic system.6. Malignant: Referring to a tumor that has the potential to invade surrounding tissues and spread to other parts of the body.7. Benign: A non-cancerous tumor that does not invade nearby tissue or spread to other parts of the body.8. Neoplasm: A new and abnormal growth of tissue; it can be benign or malignant.9. Metastasis: The spread of cancer from the original site to other parts of the body.10. Adjuvant Therapy: Treatment given in addition to the primary treatment to increase the chances of eliminating cancer.11. Chemotherapy: Treatment using powerful drugs to kill cancer cells.12. Radiotherapy: The use of radiation to treat cancer.13. Surgery: The medical treatment of removing all or part of the tumor.14. Palliative Care: Treatment focused on providing relief from the symptoms and stresses of serious illnesses, often when there is no chance for a cure.15. Biopsy: The removal of a sample of tissue for examination to determine if cancer or other disorders are present.16. Staging: The process of determining the extent of cancer in the body.17. Prognosis: An estimate of the likely course and outcome of a disease.18. Remission: A decrease in or disappearance of cancer symptoms in response to treatment.19. Palliative Radiotherapy: Radiotherapy given to relieve symptoms from cancer that cannot be cured.20. Targeted Therapy: A type of treatment that targets the specific changes in cancer cells that allow them to grow and divide.Understanding these terms is crucial for anyone dealing with cancer, whether as a patient, caregiver, or healthcare professional, as it aids in better communication and comprehension of the treatment process.。
疾病及健康英语词汇（I-Q）_医学英语词汇
ibuprofen 布洛芬ic351 制阳痿药ice cream 冰淇淋icu 加护病房igf-i, insulin-like growth factor 胰岛素样的生长激素imc-c225, herceptin 治癌新药immune globulin 免疫血清球蛋白immunity 免疫immunity 免疫功能immunity absorbent 免疫吸附剂immunity inhibitor 免疫抑制剂immunity system 免疫系统immunocompetence 免疫能力immunosuppressant drug 免疫抑制药品immunotherapy 免疫疗法implant 填充物impotence 不举impotence 阳萎impotence 阳痿inbalance of nutrition 营养失调incidence 发病率incidence of gonorrhea 淋病发病率incompetence (医生)不称职incompetent cervix 子宫颈内口松弛症incontinence 失禁infant 婴儿infant 婴幼儿infant mortality rate 婴儿死亡率infection 传播infection 感染infection 眺?infective diseases 传染病infertility 不育症infertility 不孕infertility 不孕症infidelity scenario 不忠inflight emergency 飞行意外influenza 流感influenza 流行性感冒流行性感冒influenza vaccine 流感疫苗influenza vaccine 流感预防疫苗inform 告知ingredient 药物成分inherited genetic factors 遗传因素inhibited sexual desire 性欲不振injectable contraceptive 避孕注射针剂injury 伤injury 受伤injury 损伤inner ear 内耳inosine 神经损伤再生蛋白insomnia 失眠insomnia 失眠insomniainsomnia therapy 失眠治疗institute for safe medication practices 处方安全药师协会institute for safe medication practices 药物安全处方中心insulin 胰岛素intelligence 聪明intelligence 智力interaction 交互作用interferon 干扰素internet 网际网路internet 网路intimacy 亲密关系intracerebral hemorrhage 脑溢血intraocular pressure 眼压intravenous instillation 输液inulin 菊糖invertebrates 无脊椎动物invisible condom for women 女用隐型保险套iq 智商irinotecan 治疗结肠癌新药iron deficiency 缺铁iron poisoning 铁中毒irradiation 照射irregualr cycles 月经不调irregular menstrual periods 月经不正常irregular menstruation 月经异常irritable bowel syndrome 肠道易激综合症ischemic heart disease 缺血性心脏病ischemic paralysis 缺血痲痹ischemic strokes 局部缺血中风ishemic stroke 缺血性中风islet cell tumor 胰岛细胞瘤isoflavones 类黄酮isolated systolic hypertension 单纯收缩性高血压isometric exercise 等长运动itching 搔痒ivp 排尿性膀胱尿道显影japanese 日本人jealousy 妒忌jet lag 飞行时差jet lag 时差jogging 慢跑joint 燊?joint pain 关节酸痛joint venture 合资joints 关节junk food 垃圾食物kaletra 治爱滋病新药kawasaki disease 川崎氏病kegel exercise 凯格尔训练法kennedy's syndrome 甘乃迪氏症ketogenic diet 酮体生成饮食kidney 肾kidney 肾脏kidney function test 肾功能检查kidney transplantation 肾移植kiss 吻kitchen hygiene 厨房卫生knee 膝knee joint 膝关节knock knees 两腿向内弯曲knock-knee x 型腿畸型label 标签labor 分娩labor force 劳动力lactic acid 乳酸lactose 乳糖lactose intolerance 乳糖不耐受症laetrile 杏素lamivudine 拉美芙锭language 语言lanolin 羊毛脂laparoscope 腹腔镜laparoscopic surgery 膝关节镜手术laparoscopy 腹腔镜检查l-arginine 左旋精氨酸l-arginine 精氨酸laser 镭射laser irodotomy 镭射虹膜切开手术laser surgery 镭射手术laser surgery 镭射治疗laser vision correction 激光视力矫正laser vision correction surgery 镭射矫正视力手术lasik 镭射视力矫正手术lasik,laser assisted in situ keratomileusis 镭射层状角膜整形术laughing 笑ldl 低密度脂蛋白lead 铅learning diability 学习障碍learning potential 学习潜力legumes 豆类leiomyoma of the uterus 子宫肌瘤lens 镜片lesbian 女同性恋者less educated 教育低leukemia 白血病leukemia 白血症leukemia 血癌lice 壁虱life 生活life expectation 预期寿命life style 生活方式life style 生活习惯life style 生活习惯,light cigarettes 淡烟lime disease 莱姆病liposuction 抽脂手术liposuction 抽脂术listeria monocytogenes 单核细胞增生利斯特氏菌listeria monocytogenes 李氏杆菌lithiasis 结石liver 肝liver 肝脏liver cell culture 肝细胞培养liver cirrhosis 肝硬化liver disease 肝病liver failure 肝功能衰竭liver function test 肝功能检查liver regeneration 肝再生liver transplantation 肝移植liver transplantation 肝脏移植liver transplantation 肝脏移植手术liver transplantation 移植肝脏lochia 恶露long flight 长途飞行longevity 长寿longevity 寿命long-term care 长期护理los angeles 洛杉矶lose temper 发脾气loss weight 减肥loss weight 瘦身lotronex 治疗肠道易激综合症新药love 爱love 爱情loved ones 亲人low back pain 下背部疼痛low back pain 下腰痛low back pain 腰痛low temperature therapy 低温治疗lower-fat alternative 低脂替代食品low-fat cheese 脱脂乳酪lubricator 润滑剂lucunar infarction 内囊栓塞lular heart disease 心瓣膜疾病lump 肿块lumpectomy 乳房肿块切除后lung 肺lung cancer 肺癌lung diseases 肺病lung tranplantation 煎痄眵lung transplantation 肺移植lung volume reduction surgery 肺整复手术lymph cell 淋巴细胞lympha vessel 淋巴管lymphatic system 淋巴系统lymphocytic leukemia 慢性淋巴细胞性白血病lymphomas 淋巴瘤maa 聚合白蛋白macrophage 巨噬细胞macula 斑macula 黑斑macula 黄斑macular degeneration 视网膜黄斑变性疾病mad cow syndrome 狂牛症magainin 美甘宁magnetic energy 电磁波magnetic mattress 磁疗床垫magnetic resonance imaging 瞄棠仆渌桽眈mainstream health care 主流医学malabsorption malabsorption 吸收不良malabsorption 吸收不良malaria 疟疾male 男性male 男子male body 男子体型male contraceptive pill 男性避孕药male contraceptive pill 男性口服避孕药male infertility 男性不孕male mekeup 男士化妆male pregnancy 男性怀孕malignant melanoma malignant melanoma恶性黑色素瘤malignant melanoma 恶性黑色瘤malignant melanoma 恶性黑色素瘤malignant mesothe 恶性间皮瘤malignant pleural mesothelioma 恶性胸膜间皮瘤malnutrition 营养不良malocclusion 牙颌畸形malpractice 医疗错误malpractice 医疗失误malpractice 医疗事故mammaplasty 乳房整形mammogram 乳房x光检查mandatory medical malpractice report system 强制性医疗失误报告系统manganese 锰manicure 修指甲marijuana 大麻marital diagnosis 婚姻诊断marital violence 婚后暴力marriage 婚姻marriage 结婚marriage crisis 婚姻危机masculinity 男子气慨massage 按摩mastectomy 乳房切除术masturbation 手淫masturbation 自慰match 配型maternal gene 母亲基因mattress 床垫mckenzie method 麦肯基疗法mdma 快乐丸mdma 摇头丸mdma 摇头丸( 快乐丸)measles vaccine 麻疹疫苗meats 肉类medical device 人体医疗配件medical device 医疗器材medical ethics 医学道德medical history 医学历史medical instrument 医疗配件medical insurance 医保费用medical monitor 医疗监护仪器medical practice 医疗medicare 医疗照顾medicine 药品meditation 冥想mediterranean cuisine 地中海式饮食mediterranean diet 地中海饮食megacolon 巨结肠病melanin 黑色素melanoma 黑色素瘤melanoma 黑素瘤meloxicam,mobic,celebrex,vio 治疗关节炎药memantine 治疗青光眼新药memory 记忆memory disorder 记忆障碍memory loss 健忘men 男人menarche 月经初潮meniere disease 梅尼尔综合症meningocele 脊膜瘤meningococcal meningitis 流行性脑脊髓膜炎(流脑) meningomyelocele 脊髓脊膜瘤menopausal symptoms 更年期症状menopause 绝经menopause 女性更年期menopause 停经menstruation 月经mental abuse 精神虐待mental adjustment 心理调整mental development 心智发展mental disorder 精神障碍mental exercise 智力体操mental health 精神健康mental health 精神心理健康mental health 身心健康mental health 心理健康mental retardation 智力迟钝mental retardation 智障menu 菜单mercury 汞mesomorph 匀称体质mesothelioma 间皮瘤metabolic 代谢metabolism 新陈代谢metatarsalgia 跖痛metatarsus adductus 跖内收metropolitan 大都会microbes 微生物microcirculation 微循环micromastia 小乳房microtubule 微小管microwave radiation 微波辐射middle age 中年middle age 中年人mifepristone, misoprostol 口服流产药物ru-486 migraine 偏头痛milk 牛奶minc 正常冠状动脉的心肌梗塞mind/body techniques 心身锻练mind-body workout 身心运动mineral 矿物质minimally invasive surgery 微创伤手术minorities 少数族裔minoxidil 生发药水minoxidil(rogaine罗甘), propecia(普罗佩西亚) 生发药mite 恙虫mjd 马查多?约瑟夫病mobil phone 行动电话moisturize 湿润moisturizer 面霜moisturizer 润肤乳液molecular 分子monitoring 监测monogamy 一夫一妻制monounsaturated fatty acids 单不饱和脂肪酸mood 情绪mood 心情mood disorders 情绪异常moral center 道德中心morning sickness 妊娠呕吐症morning-after pill 事后避孕丸mosquito 蚊motel 模特儿mother 母亲motion sick 晕车motivation 动机mouth 口腔mouth guard 咬合板mouth-to-mouth resuscitation 嘴对嘴人工呼吸法mri 核磁共振mri (magnetic resonance imaging) 核磁共振影像multigravida 多胎multiple births 多胞胎multiple sclerosis(ms) 多发性硬化症murder 谋杀murder 他杀muscles 肌肉music 音乐music therapy 音乐疗法music therapy 音乐治疗mutant gene 变异基因mycoplasma pneumoniae 肺炎支原体myeloma 骨髓瘤myocardial infarction 高胆固醇心肌梗塞myofascial pain 肌筋膜痛myofascitis 肌筋膜炎myope 近视患者myopia 近视nap 午睡narcolepsy 发作性睡眠症narcolepsy 阵发性睡眠发作症nasopharyngeal carcinoma 鼻咽癌national institutet on drug abuse(nida) 全美戒毒协会national security 国家安全natural food supplement 天然食物补品nausea 恶心neck 颈部neck pain 脖子酸痛neck pain 颈痛needle sting 针头刺伤negligence 疏忽neonatal ophthalmia 新生儿结膜炎nephritis 肾炎nerve 神经nerve cell regeneration 神经细胞再生nerve cells transplantation 神经细胞移植nerve injury 神经损伤nerve regeneration 神经再生neural heariing loss 神经性耳聋neural system 神经系统neural tube 神经管neuraminidase inhibitor 神经氨酸脢抑制剂neuroendocrinology 神经内分泌学neurologic surgery 脑外科neurology 神经病neuron 神经原nevus, mole 痣new born care 幼儿护理new drugs 新药new millennium 新世纪new therapy 新疗法new year's resolution 新年立志newborn 新生儿newborn care 新生儿护理nial polish 指甲油nicotin 尼古丁night shift 夜班night terrors 夜惊night vision 夜间视力nightmare 恶梦nightmare 噩梦nih 美国国家卫生研究院nitrates 祌呫nitric oxide synthase 氧化氮合成脢nitrite 亚硝酸盐nitroglycerin 硝酸甘油nobel prize 诺贝尔奖nobel prize in medicine 诺贝尔医学奖nocturnal tumescence 夜间勃起nogo 蛋白质noise 噪音non-absorbable starch 抗性淀粉nonallergic asthma 非过敏性气喘noncaloric sweetener 无热量甜剂nonprescription drugs 非处方药物norplant 皮下植入型避孕药nose 鼻nose 鼻nosensaid 非甾类消炎药nurse 护理人员nurse 护士nursing 哺乳nursing home 疗养院nursing house 养老院nutrient 营养素nutrition 营养oats 燕麦obesity 肥胖obesity 肥胖症obsessive-compulsive disorder 强迫观念(强迫行为) obstructive jaundice 梗阻性黄疸obstructive sleep apnea 阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停综合症occupational disease 行业病occupational diseases 职业病occupational raynaud's phenomenon 职业性雷诺现象ochronosis 赭黄症ocytocin 催产素office environment 办公室环境office equipment 办公室用品office syndrome 办公室症候群oily skin 油性皮肤oligofructose 果糖olive oil 橄榄油omega-3 fatty acids 欧米珈-3脂肪酸omega-3 faty acid mega-3脂肪酸omega-3, fatty acid 脂肪酸onion 洋葱only child 独生子女onychomycosis 甲癣oolong tea 乌龙茶open heart operation 开心手术open-angle glaucoma 慢性青光眼opioids 类阿片optimism 乐观optomertrist 验光师oral cancer 口腔癌oral health 口腔健康oral hygiene 口腔卫生oral poliovirus vaccine 沙宾疫苗orchiectomy 睾丸切除术organ donation 器官捐献organ donation 器官捐赠organ donor 器官捐献者organ transplantation 器官移植organic food 有机食品organic ingredients 有机原料organism 性高潮orgasm 快感orgasmic dysfunction 性高潮缺乏orlistat 奥利司他orthodontics 口腔牙齿矫正orthodontics 牙齿矫正oseltamvir 流感新药osgood-schlatter disease 胫骨粗隆炎osteoarthritis 骨关节炎osteoarthritis 退化性关节炎osteoblasts 成骨细胞osteoclasts 蚀骨细胞osteophytes 骨赘osteoporosis 骨质疏松症otitis media 中耳炎otologist 耳科医生ototoxic drug 耳毒性药物outdoor activity 户外运动outpatient operation 门诊手术ova 卵子ova harvest 取卵手术ovarian cancer 觐陴骨ovarian cancer 卵巢癌ovarian cysts 卵巢囊肿ovarian tumor 卵巢肿瘤ovaries 卵巢overexercise 运动过度overnutrition 营养过剩over-the-counter product 非处方药品overweight 超重overweight 体重超重overweight 体重过重ovulation stimulator 排卵药ovum 卵子ovumozone 臭氧p450 enzyme system p450 脢系统pace maker 心律调整器pacemaker 起博器pacifier 橡皮奶嘴pain 疼痛pain 痛pain killer 镇痛药pain killer 止痛剂pain killer 止痛药pain management 控制疼痛painless heart attack 无痛性心脏病发作pancreas 胰脏panic disorder 惊惶症pap smear 子宫颈抹片pap smear 子宫抹片检查pap test 子宫颈抹片检查paralysis 瘫痪paraphilia 性欲倒错parenthood 父母parenthood 父母职责parents 家长parkinsonism 巴金森氏症parkinsonism 帕金森氏综合症parkinson's disease 帕金森氏症particle 悬浮颗粒passion 激情pasteurization 巴斯德消毒法patche 药物贴片pathological 病理学的pecornut 山核桃pediatric diet 儿童饮食pedophilia 恋童癖peeling,extraction 深层更肤peer pressure 同侪压力pelvic floor muscle (kegel) exercises 凯格尔运动penis 阴茎penis augmentation 阴茎加大penis envy 阴茎嫉妒情结penis fracture 阴茎骨折penis injury 阴茎伤pentachorophenol 五氯酚peptic ulcers 溃疡病perchloroethylene 全氯乙烯perimenopause 停经期前症候perineum 产褥期perineum care 产褥期护理periodontitis 牙周炎personal hygiene 个人卫生personalized medicine 个性化药品pessimism 悲观pesticide 农药pesticide, dursban,chlorpyrifos 杀虫剂pet 宠物pet-proofing 宠物保护pharmacogenomics 药物遗传学pharmacotherap 药物治疗药phenylpropanolamine(ppa) 苯丙醇胺pheromone 讯息素phobias 恐慌症phospholipase a2 磷脂脢a2 photobiology 光生物学phototherapy 光疗phthalate 苯二甲酸盐phthalate 邻苯二甲酸盐physical education 体育physical examination 健康检查physical examination 身体检查physical therapy 物理治疗phytochemicals 植物素pica 异食癖piercing 穿洞pigementation 色素沉淀pilates method 派氏健身操pizza 披萨饼plagiocephaly 斜头畸形plant sterols 植物固醇plaque 血小板plaque 牙菌斑plasminogen activator 纤维蛋白溶霉原激活剂plastic sugery 整形外科plastic surgery 整型美容外科plastic surgery 整型外科platform shoes 厚底鞋play 玩耍pneumatic dilation 食道气囊扩张术pneumonia 肺炎podiatrist 足科医生podiatrists 足病医师poison ivy 野葛poison ivy rashes 毒藤皮疹poisoning 中毒poliomyelitis 小儿痲痹pollen 花粉pollution 污染pollution 污染polygamy 多配偶制polyp 息肉polyphenol, egcg 多酚polyunsaturated fatty acids 多不饱和脂肪酸polyvalent pneumococcal vaccine 肺炎双球菌疫苗pon 副氧化脢poor people 穷人pores,acne 面疱port wine stains 葡萄酒色痣portability 携带性positional plagiocephaly (flat head) 体位性扁平颅postpartum depression 产后忧郁症postpartum recovery 产后复原post-vasectomy pregnancies 输精管结扎后妊娠potato 马铃薯powder 爽身粉pravastatin 降胆固醇药pray 祷告prayer 祈祷prediction of fetus sex 预测胎儿性别preference 偏食pregnancy 怀孕,妊娠pregnant woman 孕妇premature ejaculation 早泄premature infant 早产儿premature infant 早产婴儿premature labor 早产premature ovarian failure(pof) 卵巢早衰prematurity 早熟premenstrual dysphoric disorder 经前情绪障碍prenatal care 产前保健prenatal care 产前锻炼prenatal care 产前检查presbyopia 老花眼prescription 处方prescription drug 处方药物preserve fluid 怅湔珘prevent suicide 预防自杀priapism 异常勃起priapism 阴茎异常勃起primary pulmonary hypertension 原发性肺动脉高血压primary pulmonary hypertension 原发性肺动脉高压primrose oil 报春花油prk 雷射角膜整形术productivity 劳动生产力professional woman 职业妇女propulsid 胃药proscar 波斯卡prostaglandin 前列腺素prostate 摄护腺prostate cancer 前列腺癌prostatectomy 摄护腺癌切除术prostatectomy 摄护腺切除术prostatic cancer 摄护腺癌prosthesis 人工配件prosthetic valves 人工心脏瓣膜protein chip 蛋白质晶片prothesis 人体配件prourokiniase 尿激霉原pruritus 搔痒症pruritus vulva 外阴搔痒症psa 摄护腺特殊抗原,摄护腺特异抗原,摄护腺特异抗原检验psa prostate-specific antigen 前列腺特殊抗原pseudo gout 假痛风psoriasis 银屑病psychiatric disorders 精神疾病psychological pressure 压力psychological problem 精神异常psychology 心理学psychosexual disorders 性心理性异常psychosexual dysfunction 心理性功能异常psychosis 精神病psychotherapy 精神疗法psychotherapy 心理治疗ptca 经皮冠状动脉腔内整形手术pts 抗癌新药publilc health 公共健康puerpera 产妇puerperium care 坐月子pufa ω-3多不饱和脂肪酸pulmonary function test 肺功能测验pulmonary tuberculosis 肺结核pump 帮浦purge 泻药purpura 紫癜pushup 伏地挺身pyrophosphate 焦磷酸盐quality protein maize 高蛋白玉米。
癌症相关词汇
癌症相关词汇癌症是一种常见且严重的疾病，对于很多人来说，它是陌生的、恐怖的，甚至是令人沮丧的。
然而，了解一些与癌症相关的词汇不仅可以帮助我们更好地理解这个疾病，还可以帮助我们更好地与医生、病人和团队合作，从而共同抗击癌症。
在这篇文章中，我们将介绍并解释一些癌症相关的常见词汇。
1. 癌症（Cancer）- 一种疾病，由异常细胞在身体内不受控制地增长和扩散而导致。
癌症可以发生在任何组织或器官中。
2. 肿瘤（Tumor）- 肿瘤是一群异常细胞的聚集，可以是良性的（不会扩散）或恶性的（可能扩散）。
肿瘤可以发生在身体的任何部位。
3. 良性（Benign）- 描述肿瘤的一种状态，良性肿瘤通常不会扩散到其他部位，并且可以通过手术完全切除。
4. 恶性（Malignant）- 描述肿瘤的一种状态，恶性肿瘤具有侵袭性并有能力扩散到身体其他部位。
5. 原发癌（Primary cancer）- 原发癌指的是癌症最初发生的位置或器官。
如果癌症扩散到其他部位，最初的病灶仍然被称为原发癌。
6. 细胞（Cell）- 生物体的基本结构和功能单位。
癌症是由异常细胞的不受控制生长和分裂引起的。
7. 转移（Metastasis）- 癌症扩散到身体其他部位的过程。
转移通常通过血液或淋巴系统进行。
8. 化疗（Chemotherapy）- 使用药物治疗癌症的方法。
化疗药物可以通过抑制或破坏异常细胞的生长和分裂来减少肿瘤的大小。
9. 放疗（Radiation therapy）- 使用高能辐射（例如X射线）杀死癌细胞的治疗方法。
放疗可以通过定向辐射治疗癌症，而尽量减少对正常组织的损伤。
10. 手术（Surgery）- 通过手术切除肿瘤或癌症相关的组织的治疗方法。
手术可以用于切除原发癌肿瘤，或者也可以用于减少肿瘤的大小或缓解相关症状。
11. 靶向治疗（Targeted therapy）- 使用特定的药物或其他治疗方法来直接影响癌症细胞的生长和分裂。
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肺癌相关英文词汇小结Chapter 64 Lung Cancer肺癌1.Lung cancer/Lung carcinomas肺癌2.solid tumor originating from bronchial epithelial cells来源于支气管内皮细胞的实体肿瘤3.Non small cell lung cancer (NSCLC)非小细胞肺癌4.small cell lung cancer (SCLC)小细胞肺癌5.natural histories自然病程6.responses to therapy治疗有效7.Lung carcinomas arise from normal bronchial epithelial cells that have acquired multiple genetic lesions and are capable of expressing a variety of phenotypes肺癌来源于支气管上皮细胞，这些细胞在后天产生了多种基因缺陷，并且表现出多种表型。
8.Activation of protooncogenes原癌基因激活9.inhibition or mutation of tumor suppressor genes抑癌基因抑制或突变10.production of autocrine growth factors自分泌产生生长因子11.cellular proliferation细胞增殖12.malignant transformation恶性转化13.overexpression of c-KIT in SCLC小细胞肺癌细胞c-KIT过表达14.epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) in NSCLC非小细胞肺癌表皮生长因子受体15.affect disease prognosis影响疾病预后16.Cigarette smoking is responsible for ∼80% of lung cancer cases80%的肺癌是由于吸烟导致的17.exposure to respiratory carcinogens暴露于呼吸道致癌物18.asbestos石棉19.Benzene苯20.genetic risk factors基因风险因素21.history of other lung diseases其他肺部疾病病史22.chronic obstructive pulmonary disease [COPD]慢性阻塞性肺病23.asthma哮喘24.The major cell types are SCLC (∼15%of all lung cancers), adenocarcinoma (∼50%), squamous cell carcinoma (<30%), and large cell carcinoma.肺癌主要的类型包括小细胞肺癌（15%），腺癌（50%），鳞癌（<30%）及大细胞肺癌。
25.The last three types are grouped together and referred to as NSCLC.后三类（腺癌、鳞癌、大细胞癌）统称为非小细胞肺癌26.The most common initial signs and symptoms最常见的早期体征和症状27.Cough咳嗽28.Dyspnea呼吸困难29.chest pain胸痛30.Discomfort不适31.Hemoptysis咯血32.exhibit systemic symptoms呈现出全身症状33.Anorexia厌食34.Disseminated disease转移性疾病35.neurologic deficits from CNS metastases 由于神经系统转移造成的神经功能障碍36.bone pain 骨痛37.pathologic fractures secondary to bone由于骨转移造成的病理性骨折38.liver dysfunction from hepatic involvement肝转移造成的肝功能障碍39.Paraneoplastic syndromes副癌综合征40.Cachexia恶液质41.Hypercalcemia高钙血症42.syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion抗利尿激素不当分泌综合征43.Cushing’s syndrome.库欣综合征44.underlying malignancy造成一切症状的肿瘤45.Chest radiography胸片（X片）46.endobronchial ultrasound支气管内超声puted tomography (CT) scan计算机断层扫描（CT）48.positron emission tomography (PET) scan正电子发射断层扫描（PET）49.Integrated CT-PET technology appears to improve diagnostic accuracy in staging NSCLC over CT or PET alone相比于单纯使用CT或PET，将CT和PET技术结合（PET-CT）可提高非小细胞肺癌的分期诊断的准确性50.Pathologic confirmation of lung cancer is established by examination of sputum cytology and/or tumor biopsy by bronchoscopy, mediastinoscopy, percutaneous needle biopsy, or open-lung biopsy肺癌可以通过以下途径进行病理诊断：痰标本的细胞学检查和/或通过支气管镜、纵膈镜、经皮细针穿刺或开胸肺活检采集的组织标本进行肿瘤活检51.a thorough history完整的病史52.physical examination体格检查53.detect signs and symptoms of the primary tumor监测原发肿瘤的症状和体征54.regional spread of the tumor肿瘤的局部转移55.ability to withstand aggressive surgery or chemotherapy耐受积极手术或化疗的能力56.The World Health Organization世界卫生组织57.a TNM staging classificationTNM分期系统58.primary tumor size and extent (T)原发灶大小及范围59.the regional lymph node involvement (N),区域淋巴结浸润60.the presence or absence of distant metastases (M)是否存在远处转移61.A simpler system is commonly used to compare treatments通常，应用另一个相对简单的分期系统来确定治疗方案62.Stage I includes tumors confined to the lung without lymphatic spreadI期疾病包括病灶局限于肺部并且没有淋巴结转移63.stage II includes large tumors with ipsilateral peribronchial or hilar lymph node involvementII期疾病包括巨大肿瘤伴随同侧支气管周围或纵膈淋巴结侵犯。
64.stage III includes other lymph node and regional involvementIII期疾病包括其他淋巴结及局部侵犯。
65.stage IV includes any tumor with distant metastasesIV期疾病包括任何原发情况并伴随远处转移。
66.A two-stage classification is widely used for SCLC小细胞肺癌一般分为两个阶段。
67.Limited disease is confined to one hemithorax and can be encompassed by a single radiation port.病情局限于一侧胸腔并且在一个照射野内。
68.All other disease is classified as extensive其他的情况被归为广泛期69.The stage of NSCLC and the patient’s comorbidities and performance status determine which treatment modalities will be used.非小细胞肺癌的分期、病人合并症情况以及身体状况共同决定了治疗的方式70.The intent of treatment—curative or palliative—influences the aggressiveness of therapy治疗的目的不同，根治性或姑息性会影响治疗的强度71.Local disease (stages IA, IB, and IIA) is associated with a favorable prognosis.病灶局限（IA，IB，IIA期）预后较好。
72.Surgery is the mainstay of treatment and may be used with radiation and/or adjuvant (postoperative) chemotherapy手术是主要的治疗方法，并且可与放疗和/或辅助化疗联用。
73.Patients with locally advanced disease (stages IIB and IIIA) may undergo surgery. 局部进展期患者（IIB、IIIA期）也可采用手术治疗74.Adjuvant chemotherapy is the standard of care（对于局部进展期患者），辅助化疗是标准治疗。
75.Some centers use neoadjuvant (preoperative) chemoradiation, but this is not considered the standard of care.一些肿瘤治疗中心，（对于局部进展期患者），应用新辅助同步放化疗，但是这并不认为是标准治疗。