动词的三单形式、现在分词、过去式、过去分词的变化规律
小学生英语过去式、现在分词、三单
+-ed”构成,具体变化有:1. 直接在词尾加-ed。
如: want—wanted, work—worked, need—needed, clean—cleaned2. 以不发音的e结尾的在词尾加-d。
如:like—liked, live—lived, use—used, move—moved3. 以一个元音字母加一个辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节动词,先双写结尾的辅音字母,再加-ed。
如:stop—stopped, trip—tripped4. 以辅音字母加y结尾的动词,先把y变成i,再加-ed。
如:study—studied, carry—carried, hurry—hurried, marry—married1. 以t结尾的词,过去式与原形相同。
如:put—put, let—let, cut—cut, beat—beat2. 以d结尾的词,把d变成t。
如:build—built, lend—lent, send—sent, spend—spent3. 以n结尾的词,在词后加t。
如:mean—meant, burn—burnt, learn—learnt4. 以ow / aw结尾的词,把ow / aw变成ew。
如:draw—drew, know—knew5. 含有双写字母的词,将双写改为单写,在词尾加t。
如:keep—kept, feel—felt, smell—smelt6. 含有元音字母o / i的词,将o / i变成a。
如:sing—sang, give—gave, sit—sat, drink—drank:1.一般情况下,直接在动词原形后面加-ing.going asking finding working being seeing printing raining standing studying speaking2.以不发音的-e 结尾的动词,去-e ,再加-ing。
coming taking firing encircling writing becoming breathing leaving3.闭音节的单音节词,或以重读闭音节结尾的多音节词,这些词的末尾只有一个辅音字母时,双写这个辅音字母,再加-ing.sitting running getting cutting stopping beginning planning permitting①在一般现在时中,当主语为第三人称单数时,动词要用“s”型(即第三人称单数形式)。
英语动词变化规则
英语动词变化规则
1、单三形式(一般现在时)
四变(四种变化形式)
①直接加s
②结尾是o, s, x, ch, sh的加es
③以y结尾的单词,y前是原因直接加s;y前是辅音变y 为i加es
④have变has
2、现在分词(进行时)
四变(四种变化形式)
①直接加ing
②重读闭音节且只有一个辅音字母的单词,双写末字母加ing
③去掉结尾不发音的e,加ing
④变ie为y加ing
3、过去式(一般过去时)和过去分词(完成时和被动语态)变化规律基本相似,放在一起学习。
规则变化
四变
①一般情况下,直接加ed
work—— worked
look——looked
walk——walked
②以e结尾的单词,直接加d
live ——lived
hope——hoped
use——used
③以y结尾的单词
以辅音字母+y结尾的,变y为i加ed
study——studied
carry——carried
以元音字母+y结尾的,直接加ed
enjoy ——enjoyed
play——played
④以重读、一个辅音字母结尾的闭音节结尾的动词,双写最后的辅音字母+ed
stop—— stopped
plan——planned
prefer——preferred。
动词的三单形式、现在分词、过去式、过去分词的变化规律
xx形式现在分词过去式主语是第三人称单数形式时,动词的变化1.一般在词尾加-s get、make、cook、need2.以o、s、x、sh、ch结尾的动词,在词尾加-es go、do、miss、pass、teach、watch、catch、match、touch、wash、fish、finish、smash、box、relax、mix、fax3.以“辅音字母+y”结尾的动词,把y改i再加es fly、fry、try、cry、dry、carry、study、worry、embody体现具体表达、justify证明、empty、4.以“元音字母+y”结尾的动词,直接加s play、stay、buy、pray、pay、say、lay下蛋5.不规则变化have-has、动词的ing形式构成法1.一般在词尾加-ing do、meet、watch、wash、read2.以(不发音的)e结尾的词,去e加-ing close、dance、live、like、love、bore、phone、ride、move、hope、decide、write3.以重读闭音节结尾的动词,呈现“辅+元+辅”结构需双写最后一个字母再加-ing 1、一个m、两个d、两个g(swim / nod , rid / dig, beg)2、三个n,四个p、11个t(run,win,begin)(dip,drop,mop,stop)(sit,hit,fit,set,get,let,put,cut,regret,forget,pat)4.以ie结尾的动词,把ie改为y再加-ing lie-lying、die-dying动词的过去式的构成法1.一般在词尾加-ed watch、wash、open、play2.以(不发音的)e结尾的词,在词后直接加-d close、dance、live、like、love、bore、phone、ride、move、hope、decide、write3.以“辅音字母+y”结尾的动词,把y改i再加ed fly、fry、try、cry、dry、carry、study、worry、embody、justify、empty、4.以重读闭音节结尾的动词,呈现“辅+元+辅”结构需双写最后一个字母再加-ed shop、stop、plan、trip、beg、hop、skip、drag、drop、dot、drip、fret、5.不规则变化规则动词词尾加-ed有三种读音:1. 在清辅音后读作[t]。
动词的过去式、三单形式、现在分词的构成规则
动词过去式变化规则及其读音规则1、一般情况下,动词词尾加-ed,如:work ---worked工作play---played玩耍5----wanted想要act----acted扮演2、以不发音的-e结尾动词,动词词尾加-d,如:live---lived居住move----moved移动taste---tasted品尝hope---hoped希望3、以辅音字母+ y结尾的动词,把-y变为-i再加-ed,如:study---studied学习copy---copied复制cry---cried哭喊carry---carried携带4、以一个辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节动词,双写词尾辅音字母,再加-ed,如:stop ---stopped停止5、不规则动词的过去式变化规律性不强,须多加记忆。
go–went去make–made制造get–got到达buy–bought购买come - came来到fly-flew飞不规则动词的过去式的构成1.把动词原形中的i改为a,变成过去式。
如:begin—began开始,drink—drank喝,,give—gave付出给,ring—rang包围,sing—sang唱,sit—sat坐,swim—swam游泳2.把重读开音节中的i改为o,变成过去式。
如:drive—drove驾驶,ride—rode骑,write—wrote写3.改动词原形中的aw/ow为ew,变成过去式。
如:draw—drew画,grow—grew生长,know—knew知道,throw—threw仍(动词show除外,show—showed展示)4.动词原形中的e改为o,变成过去式。
如:get—got得到,forget—forgot忘记5.动词原形中的ee改为e,变成过去式。
如:feed—fed送给,meet—met 遇见6.动词原形中的eep改为ept,变成过去式。
如:keep—kept保持,sleep—slept睡觉,sweep—swept打扫7.动词原形中的eak改为oke,变成过去式。
动词的三单及不规则变化
have been on
finish/end
be over
have been over
join
be in
have been in
leave sp
be away from sp
have been away from sp
keep
have kept
catch a cold
have a cold
have had a cold
buy
have
have had
die
be dead
have been dead
open
be open
have been open
close
be closed
have been closed
get married
-eal
-ole
-olen
steal
-ear
-ore
-orn
wear, bear, tear
-ow
-ew
-own
grow, blow, know, throw
-i-
-a-
-u-
sink, swim, drink, ring, sing, begin
-i-
-o-
-n
drive, rise, ride, write
be married
have been married
fall ill
be ill
have been ill
fall asleep
be asleep
have been asleep
return
be back
have been back
go to bed
(完整word版)动词的三单形式、现在分词、过去式、过去分词的变化规律
单三形式现在分词过去式规则动词词尾加-ed有三种读音:1. 在清辅音后读作[t]。
如:asked, helped, watched, stopped2在浊辅音和元音后读作[d]。
如:enjoyed, studied, moved, called3. 在t / d后读作[id]。
如:wanted, needed不规则动词的过去式见课本后的不规则动词表。
大体上归纳有以下几条记忆法:1. 以t结尾的词,过去式与原形相同。
如:put—put, let—let, cut—cut, beat—beat,cost—cost,hit—hit2. 以d结尾的词,把d变成t。
如:build—built, lend—lent, send—sent, spend—spent (read—read)3. 以n结尾的词,在词后加t。
如:mean—meant, burn—burnt, learn—learnt4. 以ow / aw结尾的词,把ow / aw变成ew。
如:blow—blew, draw—drew, know—knew, grow—grew,throw—threw5. 含有双写字母的词,将双写改为单写,在词尾加t。
如:keep—kept, sleep—slept, feel—felt, smell—smelt,sweep—swept6.只去掉一个e:feed—fed,meet—met7. 闭音节词,改i为a。
如:sit—sat, swim—swam, ring—rang, drink—drank,sing—sang,begin—began,8. 开音节词,改i为o。
如:drive—drove, ride—rode, write—wrote,9.buy—bought, bring—brought, think—thought, catch—caught, teach—taughty—laid, say—said, pay—paid母鸡“下蛋”并“摆放”好后,“说”,“付钱”11.is/am—was, are—were, have/has—had, do—did, go—went, run—ran, see—saw, fly—flew, get—got, win—won, eat—ate, come—came, make—made, tell—told, take—took, fall—fell, speak—spoke, wear—wore, stand—stood, become—became, forget—forgot, hear—heard,can—could, will—would, shall—should, find—found。
动词的各种形式变化
一、动词单三形式的构成规则:①一般动词在词尾加-s②以字母s,x,ch,sh,o结尾的动词加-es③以元音字母+y结尾的动词,直接加s④以辅音字母加y结尾的动词,先变y为i,再加-es.二、规则动词的过去式变化如下:1)、一般情况下,动词词尾加-ed,如:work---workedplay---playedwanted----wantedact----acted2)、动词原形以(不发音的)-e结尾动词,动词词尾加-d,如:live---livedmove----movedtaste---tastedhope---hoped3)、动词原形以“辅元辅”结尾,先双写词尾辅音字母,再加-ed(字母组合除外),如:stop---stopped(批注:动词原形词尾以“元音+-l,-r”,并为重读音节时,双写r,l,再加-ed,如:compel,travel,prefer,refer)4)、动词原形以辅音字母+y结尾的动词,把-y变为-i再加-ed,如:study---studiedcopy---copiedcry---criedcarry---carried动词原形以元音字母加y结尾的词,直接加-ed,如:play---playedenjoy---enjoyedstay---stayed过去分词构成口诀:过去分词很好记,动词后缀加ed。
直接加、去e加、双写加。
还有一点要注意,Y前元辅不统一。
三、不规则动词的过去式的构成(不规则动词的过去式变化规律性不强,须多加记忆。
)1.英语中有些动词的过去式和过去分词形式变化不规则,可分为五种情况。
1)动词原形、过去式和过去分词完全同形。
2)动词原形与过去分词同形如:come(来)run(跑)become(成为)3)动词原形与过去分词同形give(给)fly(飞)drink(喝)see(看见)go(去)know(知道)4)动词原形、过去式、过去分词形式完全不同5)过去式和过去分词有两种形式2.不规则动词的过去式具体变化规则:1).把动词原形中的i改为a,变成过去式。
动词过去式,过去分词变化
动词词形变化一览表:规则动词变化表:规则变化原形动词结尾情况现在时单三人称现在分词过去式和过去分词一般情况+s +ing +edch,sh,s,x,o结尾+es +ing +ed辅音字母+y结尾y→i,+es +ing y→i,+ed以重读闭音节结尾,且末尾只有一个辅音字母(辅元辅结尾)+s 双写辅音字母,+ing双写辅音字母,+ed不发音的e结尾+s 去掉e,+ing+d少数几个以ie结尾+s ie→y,+ing +d不规则变化have→has;be→is (无) (见不规则动词变化表) 注意:①在加ing或ed时动词如果以“r”结尾,尾音节又重读的动词,“r”应双写。
②s/es的读音规则:在清辅音后读[s];在浊辅音后和元音后读[z];在[ s ]、[z]后读[iz].③ed的读音规则:在清辅音后读[t];在浊辅音后和元音后读[d];在[t]、[d]后读[id].be(“是/存在”)动词的各种时态变化:一般现在时一般将来时现在完成时I am….You are.…He/She/It is….We/You/They are….(I等各人称) will be….I amHe/She/It is going to beWe/You/They areI have been….You have been….She/he/It has been….We/You/They have been….一般过去时过去将来时过去完成时I was….You were.…He/She/It wa s…. We/You/They were….(I等各人称) would be….I wasHe/She/It was going to bWe/You/They wereI had been….You had been….She/he/It had been….We/You/They had been….注意:句型变化时,否定句在am /is /are /will /have /has /was /were /had /would 后面加not,而且not都可以缩写为n’t (am后面not不可以缩写);疑问句将am /is /are /will /have /has /was /were /had /would 提前到句首。
动词的四种形式
VIII.一般将来时
1、一般将来时用法:
表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态
2、谓语构成
(1)will 加动词原形 (第一人称也可用 shall ) (2)be going to 加动词原形 (3)be to 加动词原形:安排好的事 (4)按时刻表进行的, 可用现在时表示将来 (5)用进行时表示将来 (6)主句是将来时,条件从句用现在时
(go)to
Last week, I _w__e_n_t_ (go) to the theatre. I _h__a_d_ (have) a very good seat. The play _w__a_s_ (be) very interesting. I _d_i_d_n_o__t _e_n_j_o_y(not, enjoy) it. A young man
(turn) round again. “I can’t hear a word!” I __s_a_id__ (say)
angrily.
“It’s none of your business,” the young man __s_a_id__
(say) rudely. “This is a private conversation!”
III.现在进行时
1、现在进行时用法:
1)表示此时此刻正在进行的动作 2)表示目前这段时间内正在进行的动作 3)与 always 连用表示赞扬、不满等情绪
I am teaching and you are listening to me. He is writing a book this week. The girl is always smiling happily.
VII.现在完成进行时
动词的各种形式变化
一、动词单三形式的构成规则:①一般动词在词尾加-s②以字母s,x,ch,sh,o结尾的动词加-es③以元音字母+y结尾的动词,直接加s④以辅音字母加y结尾的动词,先变y为i,再加-es.二、规则动词的过去式变化如下:1)、一般情况下,动词词尾加-ed ,如:work ---worked play---played wanted----wanted act----acted2)、动词原形以(不发音的)-e 结尾动词,动词词尾加-d,如:live---lived move----moved taste---tasted hope---hoped3)、动词原形以“辅元辅”结尾,先双写词尾辅音字母,再加-ed(字母组合除外),如:stop ---stopped (批注: 动词原形词尾以“元音+-l, -r”,并为重读音节时,双写r,l,再加-ed, 如:pel, travel, prefer , refer)4)、动词原形以辅音字母+ y结尾的动词,把-y变为-i 再加-ed,如:study---studied copy---copied cry---cried carry---carried动词原形以元音字母加y结尾的词,直接加-ed,如:play---playedenjoy--- enjoyedstay---stayed过去分词构成口诀:过去分词很好记,动词后缀加ed。
直接加、去e加、双写加。
还有一点要注意,Y前元辅不统一。
三、不规则动词的过去式的构成(不规则动词的过去式变化规律性不强,须多加记忆。
)1. 英语中有些动词的过去式和过去分词形式变化不规则,可分为五种情况。
1)动词原形、过去式和过去分词完全同形。
2)动词原形与过去分词同形如:e(来)run(跑)bee(成为)3)动词原形与过去分词同形give(给)fly(飞)drink(喝)see(看见)go(去)know(知道)4) 动词原形、过去式、过去分词形式完全不同5) 过去式和过去分词有两种形式2. 不规则动词的过去式具体变化规则:1). 把动词原形中的i改为a,变成过去式。
动词的各种形式变化
一、动词单三形式的构成规则:①一般动词在词尾加-s②以字母s,x,ch,sh,o结尾的动词加-es③以元音字母+y结尾的动词,直接加s④以辅音字母加y结尾的动词,先变y为i,再加-es.二、规则动词的过去式变化如下:1、一般情况下,动词词尾加 -ed ,如:work ---worked play---played wanted----wanted act----acted2、动词原形以不发音的 -e 结尾动词,动词词尾加 -d,如:live---lived move----moved taste---tasted hope---hoped3、动词原形以“辅元辅”结尾,先双写词尾辅音字母,再加 -ed字母组合除外,如:stop ---stopped 批注: 动词原形词尾以“元音+-l, -r” ,并为重读音节时,双写r,l,再加-ed, 如:compel, travel, prefer , refer4、动词原形以辅音字母 + y结尾的动词,把-y变为-i 再加-ed,如:study---studied copy---copied cry---cried carry---carried动词原形以元音字母加y结尾的词,直接加-ed,如:play---played enjoy--- enjoyed stay---stayed过去分词构成口诀:过去分词很好记,动词后缀加ed;直接加、去e加、双写加;还有一点要注意,Y前元辅不统一;三、不规则动词的过去式的构成不规则动词的过去式变化规律性不强,须多加记忆;1. 英语中有些动词的过去式和过去分词形式变化不规则,可分为五种情况;1动词原形、过去式和过去分词完全同形;2)动词原形与过去分词同形如:come来 run跑 become成为3)动词原形与过去分词同形give给 fly飞 drink喝 see看见 go去 know知道4 动词原形、过去式、过去分词形式完全不同5 过去式和过去分词有两种形式2. 不规则动词的过去式具体变化规则:1. 把动词原形中的i改为a,变成过去式;如:begin—began,drink—drank,give—gave,ring—rang,sing—sang,sit—sat, swim—swam2.把重读开音节中的i改为o,变成过去式;如:drive—drove,ride—rode,write—wrote3. 改动词原形中的aw /ow为ew,变成过去式;如:draw—drew,grow—grew,know—knew,throw—threw动词show除外,show—showed4. 动词原形中的e改为o,变成过去式;如: get—got,forget—forgot5. 动词原形中的ee改为e,变成过去式;如: feed—fed,meet—met6. 动词原形中的eep改为ept,变成过去式;如:keep—kept,sleep—slept,sweep—swept7. 动词原形中的eak改为oke,变成过去式;如: break—broke,speak—spoke 8.动词原形中的ell改为old,变成过去式;如: sell—sold,tell—told9. 动词原形中的an改为oo,变成过去式;如:stand—stood,understand—understood10. 以ought和aught结尾,且读音是〔 :t〕的过去式;如:bring—brought,buy—bought,think—thought,catch—caught,teach—taught11. 以ould结尾且读音为〔ud〕的情态动词过去式;如:can—could, shall—should, will—would12. 把动词原形中的o改为a,变成过去式;如: come—came, become—became13. 在动词原形后加d或t变成过去式,并且发生音变;如:hear〔hi 〕—heard〔h :d〕, say〔sei〕—said〔sed〕,mean〔mi:n〕—meant〔ment〕14. 动词的过去式与动词原形一样;如:let—let,must—must,put—put,read—read〔red〕15. 不符合上述规律的动词过去式;如:am,is—was, are—were, build—built,do—did,eat—ate,fall—fell,feel—felt,find—found, fly—flew,go—went,have /has—had,hold—held,leave—left,make—made, may—might, run—ran, see—saw, take—took3. 过去式“-ed”的发音规则1动词词尾为“t,d”时,发/ id /音,want →wanted 要need →needed 需要2动词词尾为清辅音时,发/ t / 音;help →helped 帮助laugh →laughed笑look →looked 看kiss →kissed 吻wash →washed 洗watch →watched 注视3动词词尾为t,d以外之浊辅音或元音时,发/ d /音;call →called 叫stay→stayed 停留cry→cried 哭4. 提示a. beat的过去式与原形同形:比:beat打击 beat过去式 beaten过去分词b. lie有规则变化和不规则变化两种,含义不同比:lie lied, lied说谎 lay, lain躺,位于c. hang 有规则变化和不规则变化两种,含义不同比:hang hanged, hanged处绞刑 hung, hung挂,吊d. welcome欢迎一词是规则动词,不可误用为不规则动词比:welcome welcomed, welcomed正 welcome, welcome误e.不要将不规则动词误用为规则动词比:hit打 hit, hit正 hitted, hitted 误5. 英语不规则动词记忆表4.ABB7其它2原形→过去式→过去式+en3 变单词在重读音节中的元音字母“i”分别为“a”过去式和“u”过去分四、动词ing变化规则:1、一般情况,直接+ing,例:work,working2、以不发音的e结尾,去e+ing,例:hope,hoping;write,writing3、动词原形以“辅元辅”结尾,先双写词尾辅音字母,再加ing字母组合除外,如:stop ---stopping 批注:动词原形词尾以“元音+-l, -r” ,并为重读音节时,双写r,l,再加-ing, 如:compel, travel, prefer , refer4、以ie结尾,去ie变y+ing,例:die,dying;lie,lying;tie,tying注意: see-seeing ;draw-drawing ;listen-listening ;develop-developing 现在分词构成口诀:现在分词很好记,动词后缀-ing;直接加、去e加、双写加;还有一点要注意,ie要用y来替;五、常见的双写词尾辅音字母的单词:begin,beginning swim,swimming run,runningcut -- cutting 切 put-- putting 放 get -- getting 得到,获得forget -- forgetting 忘记 hit -- hitting 打,击,撞 win--winning 赢spit -- spitting 吐痰 hiccup -- hiccupping 打嗝 sit -- sitting 坐run -- running 跑 split--splitting分裂 shut -- shutting 关闭 shop --shopping 购物 stop -- stopping 停止 drop -- dropping 落下dig --digging 挖 plan -- planning 计划 let -- letting 让 step -- stepping 踩,踏 trip -- tripping 绊倒 rob -- robbing 抢劫set -- setting 设置 dip-- dipping 浸 nod -- nodding 点头fit -- fitting 合适 fret -- fretting 使烦恼 kidnap -- kidnapping 绑架 nap -- napping 小睡,打盹 regret -- regretting 后悔 pop-- popping 爆开prop--propping 支撑 rot--rotting 腐spot--spotting 玷污 slip--slipping 滑倒wrap--wrapping包装babysit -- babysitting 临时照看婴儿 mop -- mopping 用拖把拖洗, 擦, 抹。
英语动词的五种基本形式及变化规则
英语动词的五种基本形式及变化规则英语动词有五种基本形式。
它们是动词原形、第三人称单数现在时(简称单三)、过去式、过去分词和现在分词。
这五种形式和助动词一起构成英语的各种时态和语态等。
1、单三形式变化规则(1 ) 一般动词在词尾加-s例如:help f helps , swim f swims( 2 )以字母s, x, ch , sh 结尾的动词加- es, 以o 结尾的动词也力口es, 读/ z /。
例如:guess f guesses , teach f teaches , go f goes(3)以辅音字母加y结尾的动词,先变y为i,再加-es,读/ z/ 。
例如:fly f flies carry f carries2. 动词- ing 形式的构成:( 1 ) 一般在动词末尾加-ing. 例如:go f going ,ask f asking (2)以不发音字母e结尾的动词,先去掉e,再加-ing.例如:write f writing ,close f closing ,take f taking( 3)以重读闭音节结尾的动词,如果末尾只有一个辅音字母,应先双写这一字母,再加-ing. 例如:get f getting ,sit f sitting ,put f putting ,run f running ,begin f beginning3. 规则动词过去式的构成( 1 )一般在动词原形末尾加-ed. 结尾是 e 的动词直接加-d. 例女口:look f looked , play 宀played , live 宀lived , hope hoped(2 )末尾只有一个辅音字母的重读闭音节词,先双写这个辅音字母,再加-ed. 例如:stop f stopped ,plan f planned ,trip f tripped (3) 结尾是“辅音字母+y ”的动词,先变“ y”为“i”再加-ed.例女口:study — studied , carry — carried( 4 )不规则动词过去式详见课本后附录并熟记名词变复数的规则变化( 1)一般情况,在词尾加-s。
动词的过去式、三单形式、现在分词的构成规则动词的现在分词形式
动词的过去式、三单形式、现在分词的构成规则动词的现在分词形式动词过去式变化规则及其读音规则1、一般情况下,动词词尾加-ed ,如:work ---worked工作play---played 玩耍5----wanted 想要act----acted 扮演2、以不发音的-e 结尾动词,动词词尾加-d,如:live---lived居住move----moved移动taste---tasted品尝hope---hoped 希望3、以辅音字母+ y结尾的动词,把-y变为-i 再加-ed,如:study---studied学习copy---copied 复制cry---cried 哭喊carry---carried 携带4、以一个辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节动词,双写词尾辅音字母,再加-ed,如:stop ---stopped 停止5、不规则动词的过去式变化规律性不强,须多加记忆。
go –went 去make –made制造get –got到达buy –bought购买come - came 来到fly-flew 飞不规则动词的过去式的构成1.把动词原形中的i改为a,变成过去式。
如:begin—began开始,drink—drank喝,,give—gave付出给,ring—rang包围,sing—sang唱,sit—sat坐,swim—swam游泳2.把重读开音节中的i改为o,变成过去式。
如:drive—drove驾驶,ride—rode骑,write—wrote 写3.改动词原形中的aw /ow为ew,变成过去式。
如:draw—drew画,grow—grew生长,know—knew知道,throw —threw仍(动词show除外,show—showed展示)4.动词原形中的e改为o,变成过去式。
如:get—got得到,forget—forgot 忘记5.动词原形中的ee改为e,变成过去式。
如:feed—fed送给,meet—met遇见6.动词原形中的eep改为ept,变成过去式。
动词的过去式三单形式现在分词的构成规则
动词过去式变化规则及其读音规则1、一般情况下,动词词尾加-ed ,如:work ---worked工作play---played 玩耍5----wanted 想要act----acted 扮演2、以不发音的-e 结尾动词,动词词尾加-d,如:live---lived居住move----moved移动taste---tasted品尝hope---hoped 希望3、以辅音字母+ y结尾的动词,把-y变为-i 再加-ed,如:study---studied学习copy---copied 复制cry---cried 哭喊carry---carried 携带4、以一个辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节动词,双写词尾辅音字母,再加-ed,如:stop ---stopped 停止5、不规则动词的过去式变化规律性不强,须多加记忆。
go – went 去make – made制造get – got到达buy – bought购买come - came 来到fly-flew 飞不规则动词的过去式的构成1.把动词原形中的i改为a,变成过去式。
如:begin—began开始,drink—drank喝,,give—gave付出给,ring—rang包围,sing—sang唱,sit—sat坐,swim—swam游泳2.把重读开音节中的i改为o,变成过去式。
如:drive—drove驾驶,ride—rode骑,write—wrote 写3.改动词原形中的aw /ow为ew,变成过去式。
如:draw—drew画,grow—grew生长,know—knew知道,throw—threw仍(动词show除外,show—showed展示)4.动词原形中的e改为o,变成过去式。
如:get—got得到,forget—forgot 忘记5.动词原形中的ee改为e,变成过去式。
如:feed—fed送给,meet—met遇见6.动词原形中的eep改为ept,变成过去式。
动词单三过去式过去分词形容词比较级
动词规律总结一、动词的单数第三人称变化规则1.直接加s come-comes2.以s,x,ch,sh和o结尾的加es watch-watches do-does go -goes3.以+y结尾的,变y为i再加es study-studies4.以(a,e,i,o,u)+y结尾的,直接加s boy-boys二、动词的现在分词变化规则1 一般情况下,直接在动词后加-ing work ---- working2 动词以不发音的-e结尾,要去-e加-ing take ----- taking3 以辅元辅结尾的单词,要双写词尾字母,再加-ing cut ----- cutting三、动词的过去式变化规则(一)、规则变化1、一般情况下,动词词尾加-ed, 如:work—worked play—played2、以不发音的-e结尾动词,动词词尾加-d, 如:live—lived3、以“辅音字母+y”结尾的动词,把y改成i, 加—ed, 如:study—studied4、重读闭音节动词,双写词尾辅音字母,再加—ed, 如:stop—stopped (二)、不规则变化is am—was are—were do—did have has—had go—went come—came take—took eat—ate run—ran see—sawmake—made drink—drank buy—boughtcan—could ride-rode过去式与动词原形一样:let—let must—must read—read hurt-hurt形容词比较级语法归纳一、选出形容词的比较级形式。
tall - strong - old- easy-thin - heavy - big - lucky-high- fast- slow- early-funny- happy- small- large-(根据题意,写出答案。
)1.The black dog is _____ (thin) than the white dog.2.This balloon is _____ (big) than yours.3.My bag is _____ (heavy) than yours.4.John is _____ (strong) than Mike.5. I am _____ (short) than Lucy.三、.用所给词的正确形式填空,每词用一次。
动词三单 现在分词 过去式 变化规则
(1)动词第三人称单数变化规则:A、一般直接加“s”,如:play – plays, visit – visits, speak – speaks ;B、以“s”,“x”,“sh”,“ch”结尾时,加“es”,如:catch – catches, watch – watches ;C、以“辅音字母+y”结尾时,变“y”为“i”再加“es”,如:carry – carries, study – studies 。
(2)现在分词(动名词)构成规则:A、一般直接加“ing”,如:go – going, do – doing, look – looking ;B、以不发音的“e”结尾的单词,去“e” 加“ing”,如:take – taking, make – making,have – having ;C、以重读闭音节结尾的词,如末尾只有一个辅音字母,需要双写这个字母再加“ing”,如:put – putting, stop – stopping, run – running, get – getting, swim – swimming, sit – sitting, begin – beginning, jog – jogging, forget – forgetting 。
(3)过去式构成规则:A、一般直接加“ed”,如:plant – planted, visit – visited, pick – picked ;B、以不发音字母“e”结尾,直接加“ed”,如:like – liked, hope – hoped, taste – tasted ;C、以“辅音字母+y”结尾时,变“y”为“i”再加“ed”,如:try – tried, carry – carried,study – studied ;D、有些动词要双写最后一个字母,再加“ed”,如:stop – stopped ;E、还有很多动词的过去式是不规则的,请记忆:是-am(be)-was-being;是-are(be)-were-being;是-be-was, were-being;成为-become-became-becoming;开始-begin-began-beginning;弯曲-bend-bent-bending;吹-blow-blew-blowing;买-buy-bought-buying;能-can-could-----;捕捉-catch-caught-catching;选择-choose-chose-choosing;来-come-came-coming;切-cut-cut-cutting;做-do, does-did-doing;画-draw-drew-drawing;饮-drink-drank-drinking;吃-eat-ate-eating;感觉-feel-felt-feeling;发现-find-found-finding;飞-fly-flew-flying;忘记-forget-forgot-forgetting;得到-get-got-getting;给-give-gave-giving;走-go-went-going;成长-grow-grew-growing;有-have, has-had-having;听-hear-heard-hearing;受伤-hurt-hurt-hurting;保持-keep-kept-keeping;知道-know-knew-knowing;学习-learn-learned, learnt-learning;允许,让-let-let-letting;躺-lie-lay-lying;制造-make-made-making;可以-may-might----;意味-mean-meant-meaning;会见-meet-met-meeting;必须-must-must----;放置-put-put-putting;读-read-read-reading;骑、乘-ride-rode-riding;响、鸣-ring-rang-ringing;跑-run-ran-running;说-say-said-saying;看见-see-saw-seeing;将-shall-should----;唱歌-sing-sang-singing;坐下-sit-sat-sitting;睡觉-sleep-slept-sleeping;说-speak-spoke-speaking;度过-spend-spent-spending。
动词变三单、过去式、过去或现在分词,名词变复数,形容词变比较级、最高级、变副词,副词变比较级、最高级
动词、名词、形容词、副词的各种变化形式★动词一.正常情况下,动词变第三人称单数、过去式、过去分词、现在分词,直接加-s,-ed,-ed,-ing, 例如:look→looks;look→looked;look→looked;look→looking。
二.以不发音的-e结尾时,直接加-s,-d,-d,或去e加-ing,例如:live→lives;live→lived;live→lived;live→living。
三.结尾为只有一个辅音的重读闭音节词,直接加-s,或双写此辅音,再加-ed,-ed,-ing,例如:stop→stops;stop→stopped;stop→stopped;stop→stopping。
四.1.结尾为辅音+y的结构时,把y变i加-es,-ed,-ed,或直接加-ing,例如:study→studies;study→studied;study→studied;study→studying2.结尾为元音+y的结构是,直接加-s,-ed,-ed,-ing,例如:play→plays;play→played;play→played;play→playing。
五.结尾为-ie,去ie变y+ing,例如:lie→lying;die→dying。
(另:lie,lies,lied,lied,lying说谎lie,lies,lay,lain,lying 躺,平放,位于lay,lays,laid,laid,laying 放置,产卵)六.以r音节结尾的词,直接加-s,双写r加-ed,-ed,-ing,例如:prefer→prefers;prefer→preferred;prefer→preferred;prefer→preferring。
(另:以s,x,ch,sh或o结尾的动词,变第三人称单数时,加-es,例如:misses,fixes,teaches,washes,goes。
动词be遇有主语是第一人称单数时,be改为am,遇有主语是第二人称时,be改为are,遇有主语是第三人称单数时,be改为is。
动词的各种形式变化
一、动词单三形式的构成规则:①一般动词在词尾加-s②以字母s,x,ch,sh,o结尾的动词加-es③以元音字母+y结尾的动词,直接加s④以辅音字母加y结尾的动词,先变y为i,再加-es.二、规则动词的过去式变化如下:1)、一般情况下,动词词尾加-ed ,如:work ---worked play---played wanted----wanted act----acted2)、动词原形以(不发音的)-e 结尾动词,动词词尾加-d,如:live---lived move----moved taste---tasted hope---hoped3)、动词原形以“辅元辅”结尾,先双写词尾辅音字母,再加-ed(字母组合除外),如:stop ---stopped (批注: 动词原形词尾以“元音+-l, -r”,并为重读音节时,双写r,l,再加-ed, 如:compel, travel, prefer , refer)4)、动词原形以辅音字母+ y结尾的动词,把-y变为-i 再加-ed,如:study---studied copy---copied cry---cried carry---carried动词原形以元音字母加y结尾的词,直接加-ed,如:play---played enjoy--- enjoyed stay---stayed过去分词构成口诀:过去分词很好记,动词后缀加ed。
直接加、去e加、双写加。
还有一点要注意,Y前元辅不统一。
三、不规则动词的过去式的构成(不规则动词的过去式变化规律性不强,须多加记忆。
)1. 英语中有些动词的过去式和过去分词形式变化不规则,可分为五种情况。
1)动词原形、过去式和过去分词完全同形。
2)动词原形与过去分词同形如:come(来)run(跑)become(成为)3)动词原形与过去分词同形give(给)fly(飞)drink(喝)see(看见)go(去)know(知道)4) 动词原形、过去式、过去分词形式完全不同5) 过去式和过去分词有两种形式2. 不规则动词的过去式具体变化规则:1). 把动词原形中的i改为a,变成过去式。
动词五种基本形式口决
动词五种基本形式(规则变化)
动词的基本形式有五种:
1、动词原形;2、第三人称单数形式;3、过去式、4、过去分词、5、现在分词
三单口诀记忆
三单规动太好记,尾加-s或-es,
怎么加,四种情况要分清
(1)x,o,s,ch,sh,果断加上-es
(2)辅+y,千万记着变尾字,要把y变i,然后再加-es
(3)–元+y,直接尾词加-s
(4)通常词尾加-s
过去式、过去分词口决记忆
过去规动并不难,尾加-d或-ed,
怎么加,四种情况要分清
(1)如果词尾有个-e,果断加上-d
(2)-辅+y,千万记着变尾字,要把y变i,然后再加-ed
(3)-元+一个辅作尾巴,双写尾辅加- ed(且以重读闭音节结尾的)
(4)一般情况加-ed
注:重读闭音节:含一个元音字母,但以辅音字母结尾的重读音节(辅音字母r,w,除外)
开音节:以一个元音字母结尾的重读音节;元音字母+辅(r除外)+e(哑)
元音字母读字母本身的音
闭音节:含一个元音字母,但以辅音字母结尾的重读音节(r、w除外)
元音字母读短音(不读它本身的字母音)
现在分词口决记忆
现分规动较简单,尾巴必加-ing
怎么加,四种情况要分清
(1)辅+e,去e,再加-ing,
(2)结尾-ie,变y,然后再加-ing
(3)重读闭音来结尾,一个辅音作尾巴,双写尾辅加-ing
(4)一般词尾加-ing
(5)以-y结尾的动词,直接加-ing
(6)以-ing结尾的,直接加-ing
(7)以-r或者-w结尾,直接加-ing。
- 1、下载文档前请自行甄别文档内容的完整性,平台不提供额外的编辑、内容补充、找答案等附加服务。
- 2、"仅部分预览"的文档,不可在线预览部分如存在完整性等问题,可反馈申请退款(可完整预览的文档不适用该条件!)。
- 3、如文档侵犯您的权益,请联系客服反馈,我们会尽快为您处理(人工客服工作时间:9:00-18:30)。
规则动词词尾加-ed有三种读音:1. 在清辅音后读作[t]。
如:asked, helped, watched, stopped2在浊辅音和元音后读作[d]。
如:enjoyed, studied, moved, called3. 在t / d后读作[id]。
如:wanted, needed不规则动词的过去式见课本后的不规则动词表。
大体上归纳有以下几条记忆法:1. 以t结尾的词,过去式与原形相同。
如:put—put, let—let, cut—cut, beat—beat,cost—cost,hit—hit2. 以d结尾的词,把d变成t。
如:build—built, lend—lent, send—sent, spend—spent (read—read)3. 以n结尾的词,在词后加t。
如:mean—meant, burn—burnt, learn—learnt4. 以ow / aw结尾的词,把ow / aw变成ew。
如:blow—blew, draw—drew, know—knew, grow—grew,throw—threw5. 含有双写字母的词,将双写改为单写,在词尾加t。
如:keep—kept, sleep—slept, feel—felt, smell—smelt,sweep—swept6.只去掉一个e:feed—fed,meet—met7. 闭音节词,改i为a。
如:sit—sat, swim—swam, ring—rang, drink—drank,sing—sang,begin—began,8. 开音节词,改i为o。
如:drive—drove, ride—rode, write—wrote,9.buy—bought, bring—brought, think—thought, catch—caught, teach—taughty—laid, say—said, pay—paid母鸡“下蛋”并“摆放”好后,“说”,“付钱”11.is/am—was, are—were, have/has—had, do—did, go—went, run—ran, see—saw, fly—flew, get—got, win—won, eat—ate, come—came, make—made, tell—told, take—took, fall—fell, speak—spoke, wear—wore, stand—stood, become—became, forget—forgot, hear—heard,can—could, will—would, shall—should, find—found不规则动词的过去分词变化形式1、AAA动词原形,过去式,过去分词相同cost ---cost ---- cost cut ---cut---cut hit ---hit---hit hurt ---hurt ---hurt let ---let ---let put ---put ---put read ---read ---read set ---set ---set shut ---shut ---shut spread--- spread--- spread2、ABA动词原形与过去分词相同become -----became ----- become come----came ----- come run---ran---run3、动词过去分词有两个burn ---burned/burnt---burned/burnt dream---dreamed/dreamt ---dreamed/dreamt learn ---learned/learnt ---learned/learnt smell ---smelled/smelt ---smelled/smeltspell ---spelled/spelt ---spelled/spelt4、在动词原形后加---en/n构成过去分词be---was/were—been beat-----beat----beaten drive ---drove----drivenride ---rode----ridden rise ---rose----risen eat----ate-----eatenfall---fell---fallen give----gave ----given shake ----shook---shakensee----saw---seen take---took---taken blow---blew---blowndraw---drew---drawn grow---grew---grown know---knew---knownshow---showed---shown throw---threw---thrown write—wrote---written5、动词原形i过去式a 过去分词ubegin ---began----begun sing ---sang ----sung ring ---rang---rungswim ---swam ----swum drink ---drank----drunk6、在过去式后加n构成过去分词break---broke ---broken forget ---forgot---forgotten choose---chose---chosen freeze---froze----frozen hide---hid---hidden speak---spoke---spokensteal---stole---stolen wake---woke---woken wear---wore---worn7、动词过去式与过去分词相同bring ---brought ---brought buy ---bought --bought fight ---fought ---fought think ---thought---thought catch ---caught ---caught teach ---taught ---taught dig---dug---dug feed---fed----fed find---found---foundget----got---got hang----hung----hung hear—heard---heardhold----held----held keep---kept----kept lay---laid---laidlead---led---led leave---left----left lend---lent---lentlose---lost---lost make----made---made mean---meant—meant meet---met---met pay---paid---paid say---said---saidsell---sold---sold send----sent---sent shine----shone----shonesit----sat----sat sleep----slept----slept spend---spent---spent stand----stood---stood stick----stuck----stuck sweep---swept---swept tell---told----told understand----understood---understoodwin---won---won feel---felt---felt have----had---had8、特殊记忆do---did---done go---went---gone动词过去式,过去分词不规则变化AB型can—could shall —should will—would may—mightAAA型cost—cost—cost cut—cut—cut hit—hit—hit hurt—hurt—hurt let—let—let must—must—must put—put—put set—set—set shut—shut—shut read—read—readAAB型beat—beat beatenABA型become became becomecome came comerun ran runABB型bring brought broughtbuy bought boughtthink thought thoughtcatch caught caughtteach taught taughtbuild built builtlend lent lentsend sent sentspend spent spentdig dug dughang hung hungfeel felt feltkeep kept keptsleep slept sleptsweep swept sweptleave left leftsmell smelt smeltspill spilt spiltlay laid laidpay paid paidsay said saidsell sold soldtell told toldsit sat satspit spat spatstand stood stoodunderstand understood understoodlearn learnt learntmean meant meantspoil spoilt spoiltshine shone shonewin won wonhave had hadmake made madehear heard heardfind found foundhold held heldABC型begin began begundrink drank drunkring rang rungsing sang sungsink sank sunkswim swam swumblow blew blownfly flew flowngrow grew grownknow knew knownthrow threw thrown draw drew drawnshow showed shown break broke broken choose chose chosen forget forgot forgotten freeze froze frozenspeak spoke spoken wake woke wokendrive drove driveneat ate eatenfall fell fallengive gave givenhide hid hiddenride rode riddenrise rose risentake took takenmistake mistook mistaken write wrote writtenam,is was beenare were beendo did donego went gonelie lay lainsee saw seenwear wore worn易错型show showed shown draw drew drawnfall fell fallenfeel felt felthold held heldhelp helped helped think thought thought thank thanked thanked take took takentalk talked talkedget got gotforget forgot forgotten meet met metmean meant meanthit hit hithide hid hiddenring rang rungbring brought brought eat ate eatenbeat beat beatenlie lay lainlay laid laidfind found found found founded founded buy bought bought bring brought brought learn learnt learnt hear heard heard。