石油能源类外贸流程(中英文对照)
石油能源类外贸流程中英文对照
石油能源类外贸流程中英文对照一、准备阶段（Preparation Stage）1. 确定目标市场和采购需求（Identify target market and procurement requirement）2. 确定产品规格和质量标准（Determine product specifications and quality standards）3. 确定产品定价和交货条件（Establish product pricing and delivery terms）4. 准备销售合同草案并进行谈判（Prepare sales contract draft and negotiate）5. 确定付款方式和条件（Determine payment methods and terms）6. 准备出口许可和文件（Prepare export permits and documents）二、接单阶段（Order Stage）1. 接收来自买方的正式订单（Receive formal order from buyer）2. 确认订单并解释相关条款和条件（Confirm order and explain related terms and conditions）3. 确认付款方式和条件（Confirm payment methods and terms）4. 准备出口合同和发票（Prepare export contract and invoice）5. 准备货物准备就绪通知（Prepare notice of goods readiness）6. 准备装运和运输文件（Prepare shipping and transportation documents）三、生产阶段（Production Stage）1. 开始生产和加工产品（Start production and processing of products）2. 进行质量控制和检验（Conduct quality control and inspection）3. 准备货物运输和装运（Prepare goods for transportation and shipping）4. 安排货物运输和船运（Arrange goods transportation and shipping）5. 准备装船和装车文件（Prepare loading and loading documents）6. 安排货物保险和索赔（Arrange goods insurance and claims）四、装运阶段（Shipping Stage）1. 准备清关和报关文件（Prepare customs clearance and declaration documents）2. 安排货物运输和船运（Arrange goods transportation and shipping）3. 监督货物装运和船舶离港（Supervise goods loading andvessel departure）4. 提供货物运输和船运文件（Provide goods transportation and shipping documents）5. 向买方提供货物追踪和运输更新（Provide goods tracking and transportation updates）6. 解决货物运输和船运问题（Resolve goods transportation and shipping issues）五、交付阶段（Delivery Stage）1. 提供货物到达目的地的通知（Notify arrival of goods at destination）2. 安排货物清关和报关（Arrange goods customs clearance and declaration）3. 检验货物和确认质量（Inspect goods and confirm quality）4. 确认付款并解决款项问题（Confirm payment and resolve payment issues）5. 确认货物交付和签收（Confirm goods delivery and receipt）6. 提供最终付款和发票（Provide final payment and invoice）六、售后服务阶段（After-sales Service Stage）1. 提供货物相关服务和技术支持（Provide goods-related services and technical support）3. 提供售后维修和保养服务（Provide after-sales repair and maintenance services）4. 分析市场反馈和买方满意度（Analyzing market feedback and buyer satisfaction）5. 推动长期商业合作和合作发展（Promote long-term business cooperation and partnership development）6. 更新市场信息和发展新的销售机会（Update market information and explore new sales opportunities）。
一般贸易进出口流程专业词汇中英文对照
一般贸易进出口流程及专业词汇中英文对照(条理清晰，非常全面)！1、出口贸易流程1）出口交易前的准备①国际商务信息的收集与整理；②对国际市场的调查研究；③落实出口货源；④出口商品经营方案的制定；⑤建立业务关系；⑥经贸洽谈人员的选派与洽谈内容的确定；⑦出口商品的广告宣传；⑧出口商品的商标注册与企业域名注册。
2）交易磋商：包括询盘，发盘，还盘和接受四个过程。
其中发盘和接受是达成交易、合同成立不可缺少的两个基本环节和必经的法律步骤。
在交易磋商过程中，一方发盘经另一方接受以后，交易即可成立，买卖双方就构成了合同关系，接下来就是订立书面合同。
3）出口合同履行的一般程序①申请领取出口许可证（外经贸机构批准）②申请原产地证书（贸促会批准）③接受法定检验或委托鉴定，取得检验报告或鉴定证书（商检提供）④催证、审证、改证⑤制作各类单据（如汇票、发票等）⑥办理托运手续⑦投保⑧报关；交纳关税⑨装运；换取提单⑩缮制单据缮制单据后提交至银行，接下来就是：审单复单→结汇→退税→合同归档2、进口贸易流程1）进口交易前的准备①对国内外市场的调查研究；包括商品价格变化趋势和供应商资信。
②进口成本核算；③进口货物许可证的申领；④进口用汇；⑤委托代理进口。
⑥选择交易商品和对象2）交易磋商询价、洽谈签订外贸合同3）进口合同履行的一般程序①信用证的开立和修改②委托装运③装运前验货④索要商检证书⑤运输和保险⑥审单和付款⑦进口报关纳税⑧进口商品检验⑨提货离岸出口货物流程出口货物流程主要包括：报价、订货、付款方式、备货、包装、通关手续、装船、运输保险、提单、结汇。
一、报价在国际贸易中一般是由产品的询价、报价作为贸易的开始。
其中，对于出口产品的报价主要包括：产品的质量等级、产品的规格型号、产品是否有特殊包装要求、所购产品量的多少、交货期的要求、产品的运输方式、产品的材质等内容。
比较常用的报价有： FOB船上交货、CNF成本加运费、CIF成本、保险费加运费等形式。
工业用油脂贸易流程详解
工业用油脂贸易流程详解英文回答：Industrial Edible Oil Trading Process.The industrial edible oil trading process involves several key steps to ensure the smooth and efficient movement of edible oils from producers to consumers. Here's a detailed overview of the process:1. Production:Edible oils are extracted from oilseeds, such as soybeans, canola, sunflower seeds, and palm kernels, through various methods, including pressing, solvent extraction, and refining.Producers, such as farmers and oilseed crushing facilities, supply the extracted oil to the market.2. Transportation:The extracted oil is transported from production facilities to storage terminals or refineries through various modes of transportation, including ships, trucks, and pipelines.Transportation companies specialize in handling bulk liquids and ensure the safe and efficient movement of oil.3. Storage:Storage terminals provide large-scale capacity for storing edible oils until they are ready for further processing or distribution.Terminals are equipped with tanks, temperature-controlled environments, and quality control measures to maintain the integrity of the oil.4. Refining and Processing:Edible oils may undergo further processing, such as refining, bleaching, and deodorization, to improve their quality, stability, and functionality.Refineries specialize in transforming crude oils into finished products that meet specific industry standards and customer requirements.5. Blending:Different types of edible oils can be blended to create customized products with desired characteristics.Blenders combine oils with different fatty acid profiles, flavors, and other properties to meet thespecific needs of various applications.6. Packaging and Distribution:Processed edible oils are packaged in various containers, such as drums, bottles, and bulk tanks, depending on the intended use.Distributors handle the transportation and delivery of packaged oils to end-users, including food manufacturers, restaurants, and retail stores.7. End-Use:Industrial edible oils are used in a wide range of applications, including food manufacturing, frying, baking, and industrial processes.Consumers utilize these oils in various products, such as processed foods, snacks, and personal care items.8. Sustainability and Certification:The edible oil industry is increasingly focused on sustainability and ethical sourcing.Certifications and standards ensure that oils are produced and traded in a responsible manner, considering environmental and social factors.中文回答：工业用油脂贸易流程解析。
石油公司工作人员的石油贸易与国际运输
石油公司工作人员的石油贸易与国际运输石油作为世界上最重要的能源资源之一，对于国际贸易和经济发展具有重大影响。
作为石油公司的工作人员，了解石油贸易和国际运输的相关知识显得尤为重要。
本文将就石油贸易的基本流程、国际运输方式以及相关政策法规进行探讨。
一、石油贸易的基本流程石油贸易是指以石油为商品进行的国际买卖活动。
其基本流程可以概括为以下几个步骤：供应商挖掘石油资源，加工厂进行精炼和处理，贸易商进行买卖交易，最后通过物流公司将石油运输到买家。
这个流程涉及到多个环节，需要各个部门之间的紧密合作才能实现高效的石油贸易。
1. 供应商：石油公司是最直接的供应商，他们负责石油的开采、提炼和储存等工作。
供应商必须拥有足够的技术实力和设备来保证石油的质量和产量。
2. 加工厂：石油加工厂是负责将原油进行精炼和处理的机构。
他们利用各种技术手段将原油分解成不同的石化产品，比如汽油、柴油、润滑油等。
这些产品会出售给贸易商或者其他工业企业。
3. 贸易商：贸易商起到了石油贸易中的重要角色。
他们通过与供应商和买家之间的洽谈，购买原油或者石化产品，并将其再次销售给买家。
贸易商需要了解市场的需求和价格走势，以确保进行高效的交易。
4. 物流运输：物流运输是石油贸易中不可或缺的环节。
石油通过船运、管道运输、铁路运输或者公路运输等方式进行国际运输。
物流运输公司需要确保石油安全顺利地送达目的地。
二、国际运输方式石油的国际运输方式多种多样，根据距离、成本和安全等因素选择合适的运输方式至关重要。
以下是常见的石油国际运输方式：1. 船运：船运是石油国际运输中最常见的方式之一。
大型油轮可以运载大量的石油，并通过海洋运输到不同的国家和地区。
船运的优势在于运力大、覆盖范围广，但也存在着天气和海上安全等风险。
2. 管道运输：管道运输是一种高效且经济的石油运输方式。
通过铺设管道来输送石油可以大大降低运输成本，并提高运输效率。
然而，需要在国际间建立起庞大的管道网络，存在投资和政治因素的制约。
外贸操作流程英文
Foreign Trade Operation ProcessIntroductionForeign trade refers to the exchange of goods and services between countries. With globalization, foreign trade has become an integral part of the global economy. This document aims to provide an overview of the foreign trade operation process in English.1. Export ProcessExporting goods from one country to another involves several steps. Here is a simplified outline of the export process:Step 1: Market ResearchResearch and identify potential foreign markets for your products. Analyze market trends, demand, competition, and regulations to determine the viability of exporting to a particular country.Step 2: Product AdaptationEvaluate your product’s suitability for the target market. Make necessary modifications to comply with local regulations, standards, cultural preferences, and packaging requirements.Step 3: Identifying BuyersIdentify potential buyers or distributors in the target market through trade shows, online platforms, or by hiring local agents. Build relationships with them to establish trust and ensure a smooth export process.Step 4: Pricing and QuotationDetermine an appropriate pricing strategy for your products in the target market. Take into consideration production costs, local taxes, shipping charges, and potential customs duties. Provide a detailed quotation to the buyer including the product description, quantity, and delivery terms.Step 5: Negotiation and ContractEngage in negotiations with the buyer regarding pricing, payment terms, and other conditions. Once both parties reach an agreement, prepare a written contract outlining the terms and conditions of the export transaction.Prepare all necessary export documentation such as commercial invoices, packing lists, certificates of origin, and export licenses. Ensure compliance with both local and international trade regulations. Submit the required documents to customs authorities for clearance.Step 7: Shipment and LogisticsArrange for the transportation of goods to the buyer’s location. Select a f reight forwarder or shipping agent to handle the logistics, including packaging, labeling, and arranging for the necessary shipping documents. Track the shipment to ensure timely delivery.Step 8: Payment and FinancingAgree on the payment method with the buyer. Common options include letters of credit, wire transfers, or open account terms. Consider getting export credit insurance or financing from banks to mitigate the risk of non-payment.Step 9: After-sales SupportProvide after-sales support to the buyer, such as technical assistance, product training, or warranty services. Maintain regular communication with the buyer to address any concerns and build a long-term business relationship.2. Import ProcessImporting goods follows a similar process to exporting, with some additional steps. Here is a simplified outline of the import process:Step 1: Market ResearchResearch and identify potential foreign suppliers. Evaluate their reliability, product quality, pricing, and delivery capabilities. Consider any applicable trade restrictions or regulations for importing the desired goods.Step 2: Identifying SuppliersContact and establish relationships with potential suppliers. Request detailed information about the product specifications, prices, and payment terms. Arrange for product samples to assess their quality.Step 3: Negotiation and ContractNegotiate with the supplier regarding pricing, delivery terms, and any specific requirements. Once both parties reach an agreement, draft and sign a written contract that clearly defines the terms, conditions, and responsibilities of both parties.Obtain the necessary import licenses, permits, and certificates required by customs authorities. Ensure compliance with all applicable regulations and standards. Prepare and submit the required import documents such as commercial invoices, packing lists, and bills of lading to facilitate customs clearance.Step 5: Payment and FinancingAgree on the payment method with the supplier. Common options include letters of credit, wire transfers, or open account terms. Consider using trade financing options provided by banks to manage the financial aspects of the import transaction.Step 6: Shipment and LogisticsCoordinate with the supplier and freight forwarders to arrange for the shipment of goods. Determine the most suitable transportation mode based on cost, time, and the nature of the goods. Ensure that the goods are properly packaged, labeled, and insured during transit.Step 7: Customs Clearance and DutiesWork with customs authorities to clear the imported goods. Pay any applicable customs duties, taxes, or fees. Provide accurate and complete documentation to expedite the customs clearance process.Step 8: Product Inspection and ComplianceInspect the imported goods upon arrival to ensure they match the agreed-upon specifications and meet all quality standards and safety requirements. If necessary, arrange for third-party inspections or certifications.Step 9: Warehousing and DistributionUpon successful customs clearance, arrange for the storage and distribution of the imported goods. Coordinate with logistics providers to ensure timely delivery to the intended destination.Step 10: After-sales ServiceProvide after-sales support to address any issues or concerns with the imported goods. Establish communication channels with the supplier for warranty claims, repairs, or replacements.ConclusionThe foreign trade operation process involves several complex steps, requiring careful planning, market research, and adherence to regulations. By following theoutlined steps in the export and import processes, businesses can effectively engage in foreign trade and expand their market reach.。
原油输出流程详细步骤
原油输出流程详细步骤英文回答：The process of crude oil production involves several steps, starting from exploration and ending with the transportation of the extracted oil. Let me walk you through the detailed steps of the crude oil output process.1. Exploration: The first step in crude oil production is the exploration of potential oil reserves. This involves geological surveys, seismic testing, and drilling test wells to determine the presence and quality of oil deposits underground.2. Drilling: Once a potential oil reservoir is identified, drilling operations begin. A drilling rig is set up, and a well is drilled into the ground to reach the oil-bearing rock formations. The well is then cased and cemented to ensure stability and prevent any leakage.3. Extraction: After the drilling is complete, the extraction process begins. There are two primary methods of extracting crude oil: primary and secondary recovery. In primary recovery, natural pressure in the reservoir forces the oil to the surface. In secondary recovery, various techniques such as water injection, gas injection, or enhanced oil recovery (EOR) methods are used to increase the flow of oil.4. Production: Once the crude oil is extracted from the reservoir, it is transported to a production facility. At the production facility, the oil is separated from any impurities or contaminants such as water, gas, or solids. This separation process is done using separators and other equipment.5. Storage: After the crude oil is separated, it is stored in tanks or storage facilities. These storage facilities are designed to hold large quantities of oil and ensure its safety and stability.6. Refining: Crude oil is not directly usable in itsextracted form. It needs to be refined to obtain various petroleum products such as gasoline, diesel, jet fuel, and lubricants. The refining process involves distillation, cracking, and other chemical processes to separate the different components of crude oil.7. Transportation: Once the crude oil is refined into various products, it needs to be transported to consumers. This transportation can be done through pipelines, tankers, or trucks, depending on the distance and location of the consumers.8. Distribution: After transportation, the refined petroleum products are distributed to various outlets such as gas stations, airports, and industrial facilities. These products are then made available for sale to the end consumers.中文回答：原油输出的过程涉及多个步骤，从勘探开始，到提取结束。
lng贸易流程
lng贸易流程(中英文实用版)Title: lng贸易流程Trade in liquefied natural gas (LNG) involves a complex process from production to delivery.The journey of LNG begins at an export terminal, where natural gas is liquefied through a complex series of cooling processes.液化天然气（LNG）贸易涉及从生产到交付的复杂过程。
LNG的旅程始于出口终端，在那里通过一系列复杂的冷却过程将天然气液化。
Once liquefied, the LNG is loaded onto specialized tankers for transportation to import terminals.These tankers are designed to carry large volumes of LNG at low temperatures and high pressures.一旦液化，LNG就会被装载到专门设计的船上，这些船能够以低温和高压运输大量LNG。
At the import terminal, the LNG is regasified, converting it back into a gaseous state for use in power generation, heating, and industrial processes.The regasification process involves warming the LNG to room temperature and pressurizing it to the required pipeline pressure.在进口终端，LNG会被重新气化，将其从液态转化为气态，用于发电、供暖和工业过程。
原油国际贸易正规流程
原油国际贸易正规流程英文回答：International trade of crude oil follows a standard process that involves various stages and parties. The process begins with exploration and extraction of crude oil from oil fields. Once extracted, the crude oil is transported to refineries for further processing. Refineries play a crucial role in refining the crude oil into various petroleum products such as gasoline, diesel, and jet fuel.After the refining process, the petroleum products are ready for distribution. This is where traders come into play. Traders buy and sell the petroleum products in the international market. They negotiate prices, quantities, and delivery terms with buyers and sellers. The negotiation process can involve various factors such as market conditions, supply and demand, and geopolitical factors.Once the terms are agreed upon, the traders arrange for the transportation of the petroleum products. This can be done through various means such as pipelines, tankers, or trucks. The transportation process requires carefulplanning to ensure timely and efficient delivery of the products to the buyers.Upon arrival at the destination, the petroleum products are received by the buyers. The buyers can be companies or individuals who require the products for various purposes such as fuel for vehicles or raw material for manufacturing processes. The buyers inspect the products to ensure they meet the agreed-upon specifications and quality standards.Payment is the final step in the international trade process. The buyers make payment to the sellers based onthe agreed-upon terms. This can be done through various payment methods such as bank transfers or letters of credit. Once the payment is received, the sellers complete the transaction and the trade is considered complete.中文回答：原油的国际贸易遵循一套标准的流程，涉及多个阶段和各方参与者。
成品油、原油的管理流程
成品油、原油的管理流程英文回答：Managing the process of finished oil and crude oil involves several steps and procedures. The goal is to ensure the quality, safety, and efficient distribution of these oil products. Here is an overview of the management process:1. Procurement: The first step is to procure the crude oil from various sources. This involves negotiating contracts with suppliers, conducting market research, and assessing the quality and price of the crude oil. For example, as a manager, I would work with my team to analyze market trends, monitor geopolitical factors, and assess the quality of the crude oil based on its API gravity andsulfur content.2. Transportation: Once the crude oil is procured, it needs to be transported to the refinery for processing.This can be done through pipelines, tankers, or railcars. As a manager, I would ensure that the transportation process is smooth and efficient, coordinating withlogistics teams, and monitoring the delivery schedules. For instance, I would work with a pipeline company to ensure the timely delivery of crude oil to the refinery, avoiding any delays or disruptions.3. Refining: At the refinery, the crude oil is processed to produce various petroleum products, including gasoline, diesel, and jet fuel. The refining process involves distillation, cracking, and other chemical processes. As a manager, I would oversee the refining operations, ensuring that the equipment is properly maintained and that the production targets are met. For example, I would work with the refinery engineers to optimize the distillation process, improving the yield of gasoline and other high-demand products.4. Quality Control: Quality control is crucial to ensure that the finished oil products meet the required specifications and standards. This involves regular testingand analysis of samples from the production process. As a manager, I would work closely with the quality control team to establish quality control procedures, conduct audits, and address any deviations or non-conformities. For instance, I would ensure that the gasoline produced meets the octane rating specified by regulatory authorities and conduct regular tests to verify the quality.5. Storage and Distribution: Once the finished oil products are produced, they need to be stored and distributed to various customers and outlets. This involves managing storage facilities, such as tanks and terminals, and coordinating the logistics for transportation. As a manager, I would ensure that the storage facilities are properly maintained and that the distribution process is efficient. For example, I would work with the logistics team to optimize the routing of delivery trucks, minimizing the transportation costs and ensuring timely deliveries to customers.中文回答：成品油和原油的管理流程涉及多个步骤和程序。
原油国际贸易正规流程
原油国际贸易正规流程下载温馨提示：该文档是我店铺精心编制而成，希望大家下载以后，能够帮助大家解决实际的问题。
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常用海运贸易中英文对照
常用海运贸易中英文对照石油进口部分单据—中英文对照1、产品护照（DIP TEST结果）Product Passport(DipTest Result) 2、产品可用性证明Statement Of Product Availability 3、出口许可证EXPORT LICENSE4、登记证REGISTRATION CERTIFICATE 5、提单BL-Q88（Bill of lading）6、油罐收据Tank Receipt7、原产地证明Certificate Of Origin8、合同代码Contract code9、买方代码Buyer code10、卖方代码Seller code11、价格附件一：国际贸易常用中英文对照查询：accelerate trade payment(ATP) 加速贸易付款acceptance 承兑，接受acceptance letter of credit(acceptance L/C) 承兑信用证accepting bank 承兑行acceptor承兑人acknowledgement of insurance declaration 投保声明的回执actual delivery 实际交货actual quality 实际品质actual tare 实际皮重actual total loss 实际全损Ad.val (拉丁语)从价advanced bill of lading (advanced B/L) 预借提单advanced payment 预付货款advising bank 通知行afltoxin risk 黄曲霉素险agency 代理agent 代理商agreement 协议书agreement of consignment 寄售协议Air Express 急件传送air transportation all risks 航空运输一切险air transportation cargo war risks 航空运输货物战争险air transportation risks 航空运输险air waybill 航空货运单aligned document system 套合一致的单证all risks 一切险all risks for shipment of frozen products 冷藏货物运输一切险alteration charge 变更卸货港附加费American Association of Textile Chemists and Colorists(AATCC)美国纺织化学师与印染师协会标准American Society of Testing Materials (AST M)美国材料试验协会的标准announcement of tender 发布招标公告anticipatory letter of credit (anticipatory L/ C)预支信用证ante-dated bill of lading (ante-dated B/L) 倒签提单antirust packaging 防锈包装applicant 开证申请人application for credit 开证申请书arbitration 仲裁arbitration agreement 提交仲裁协议arbitration application 仲裁申请arbitration clause 仲裁条款arbitration procedure 仲裁程序arrival contract 到达合同artificial harbor 人工港assembling with customer’s parts 来件装配assignment of proceed 款项让渡或款项过渡Association of Official Analytical Chemists (AOAC) 美国公职分析化学师协会标准assortment list 花色搭配单at buyer’s option 由买方决定at selle r’s option 由卖方决定auction 拍卖auctioneer 拍卖人authority to purchase(A/P) 委托购买证automatic revolving letter of credit (automatic revolving L/C)自动循环信用证available by negotiation 议付兑现available by payment 付款兑现average price 平均价average tare 平均皮重avoidance of delay 防止延迟Bback to back letter of credit (back to back L /C) 对背信用证bale packing 捆包装bank credit card 信用卡bank guarantee 银行保证函banker’s acceptance bill 银行承兑汇票banker’s acceptance letter of credit (banker ’s acceptance L/C) 银行承兑信用证banker’s bill 银行汇票banker’s cheque 银行支票banking charges 银行费用barter trade 易货贸易base port 基本港beneficiary 受益人benefit of insurance 保险利益berth terms 船方负担装卸费bid 递盘bid bond 投标保证金，投标押金bidding documents 编制招标文件bill for collection(B/C) 托收汇票bill of exchange 汇票bill of lading (B/L) 海运提单bill of lading weight 提单货量blank endorsement 空白背书bona fide holder 善意持有人book 订购booking note 托运单both to blame collision clause (B.B.clause) 船船互撞条款breach of condition 违反要件breach of contract 违反合同breach of innominate terms 违反无名条款breach of intermediate terms 违反中间性条款breach of warranty 违反担保或违反随附条件brief cable 简电本British standard(BS) 英国（工业）标准bulk cargo 散装货物bunker adjustment factor(BAF) 燃油附加费business negotiation 交易磋商buyback 回购buyer’s sample 买方样buyer’s usance credit 买方远期信用证buying hedging 买期保值buying offer 购货发盘Ccable address (C/A) 电挂cable confirmation 电报证实书cable credit 电开信用证call of tender 招标Canadian Standards Association (C.S.A) 加拿大标准协会canceling date 解约日cargo in bulk 散装货物cargo manifest 货物舱单cargo plan 积载图又名船图cargo receipt 承运货物收据carriage and insurance paid to (…named place of destination)(CIP) 运费、保险费付至（…指定目的地）carriage paid to (…named place of destinati on)(CPT) 运费付至（…指定目的地）carton 纸箱cash against documents 凭单付款cash discount 现金折扣cash in advance(C.I.A) 预付现款cash in order(C.I.O) 订货时付款cash on delivery (C.O.D) 交货付款cash with order (C.W.O) 附订单付现certificate for dispatch of documents 寄单证明certificate for dispatch of shipment sample s 寄样证明certificate in regard to handlooms textile ha ndcrafts and traditional textile products of t he cottage industry 手工制纺织品产地证certificate of age of vessel 船龄证明书certificate of classification 船舶船级证明certificate of compliance 明白证明书certificate of date of sailing 开船证明书certificate of delivery 交货证明书certificate of departure from port 离港证明书certificate of load line 船舶载重线证明certificate of vessel’s nationality 船舶国籍证明certificate of origin 产地证明书certificate of textile products 纺织品产地证certificate of ownership 所有权证书certificate of weight 重量证书certified cheque 保付支票certified invoice 证实发票或签证发票CFR ex ship’s hold CFR 舱底交货CFR ex tackle CFR 吊钩下交货CFR landed CFR 卸到岸上CFR liner terms CFR 班轮条件CFS to CFS （集装箱运输）站到站CFS to CY （集装箱运输）站到厂CFS to door （集装箱运输）站到门China Council for the Promotion of Internat ional Trade (C.C.P.I.T) 中国国际贸易促进委员会China Council for the Promotion of Internat ional Trade Certificate of Origin (CCPIT cert ificate of origin) 中国国际贸易促进委员会产地证China Exit and Entry Inspection and Quara ntine Bureau (CIQ) 中国出入境检验检疫局China National Foreign Trade Transportatio n Corporation (SINOTRANS) 中国外贸运输公司China Ocean Shipping Agency (COSA) 中国外轮代理公司China Ocean Shipping Company (COSCO) 中国远洋运输公司CIF ex ship’s hold CIF 舱底交货CIF ex tackle CIF 吊钩下交货CIF landed CIF 卸到岸上CIF Liner terms CIF 班轮条件claim 素赔clash and breakage risks 碰损、破碎险Class Rate Freight Tariff 等级运价表classification of commodities 货物分级表clean bill 光票clean bill of lading (clean B/L) 清洁提单clean letter of Credit (clean L/C) 光票信用证clean report of findings 清洁报告书closed bids 密封递价closed policy 总括保险单collecting bank 代收行collection 托收collection advice 托收委托书colour sample 色彩样品combined bill of lading (combined B/L) 并提单combined certificate 联合凭证combined certificate of value and origin 估价和原产地联合证明书combined documents 联合单据combined offer 复合发盘combined transport bill of lading (CTB/L) 联合运输提单commercial acceptance bill 商业承兑汇票commercial bill 商业汇票commercial documents 商业单据commercial invoice 商业发票commercial paper letter of credit (commerc ial paper L/C) 商业票据信用证commercial technology transfer 商业性技术转让commission 佣金commission agency 佣金代理commission agent 佣金代理商commodity exchange 商品交易所Commodity Futures Trading Commission 商品期货交易委员会commodity inspection 商品检验commodity inspection corporation (C.I.C) 商检公司common license 普通许可communicate to all address 分送电compensation agreement 补偿协定compensation system 补偿制compensation trade 补偿贸易complete knock down (C.K.D) 全拆卸complete set bill of lading (complete set B/ L) 全套提单Comprehensive Import Supervision Scheme (C.I.S.S) 全面进口监督计划computed tare 约定皮重conciliation 调解concurrent terms 对流条件conditional sale lease 销售租赁conditioned weight 公量confirm 保兑confirmation 确认书confirmed letter of credit (confirmed L/C) 保兑信用证confirming bank 保兑行confirming sample 确认样consecutive days 连续日consideration对价consignee 收货人，代销商consignment 寄售consignment bill for highway transportatio n 公路货物运输托运单consignor 寄售人constructive delivery 推定全损constructive total loss 推定全损consular invoice 领事发票consular visa 领事签证consulting engineers 咨询工程公司consulting service顾问咨询container bill of lading (container B/L) 集装箱提单container freight station (C.F.S) 集装箱货运站container load 集装箱装载container load plan (C.L.P) 装箱单container number (container no.) 集装箱号container yard (CY) 集装箱堆场contingency insurance ,covers seller’s inte rest only 卖方利益险contract 合同contract for the international sale of goods 国际货物销售合同Convention on the Recognition and Enforc ement of Foreign Arbitral Award 《承认及执行外国仲裁裁决公约》cover note 暂保单co-production 合作生产copy of bill of lading (copy B/L) 副本提单correspondent bank 代理行cost and freight (…named port of destinati on)(CFR) 成本加运费（…指定目的港）cost, insurance and freight…（named port of destination）(CIF) 成本加运保费（…指定目的港）couriers receipts 快邮收据counter offer 还盘，还价counter purchase 互购counter sample 对等样品counter trade 对等贸易counter card 信用卡counter to expire abroad 国外到期信用证crew list 船舶船员名单cross license 交叉许可cross offer 交叉发盘crossed cheque 划线支票currency adjustment factor (CAF) 币值附加费customary packing 习惯包装customary tare 习惯皮重cutting sample 剪样CY to CFS （集装箱运输）场至站CY to CY （集装箱运输）场至场CY to door （集装箱运输）场至门DDalsey ,Hilbolom , Lind ,Courier’s Service DHL 信使专递dampproof packing 防潮包装date of issue 出票日期date of draft 出票日期dead freight 空舱费dead weight 总载重量dead-weight cargo 重货dead-weight tonnage 载重量吨位debit note(D/N) 借款帐单declaration of country of origin 原产地声明书deductible 绝对免赔率deferred payment 延期付款deferred payment letter of credit (deferred payment L/C) 迟期付款信用证delivered at frontier(…na med place )(DAF) 边境交货（…指定地点）delivered duty paid(…named place of desti nation)(DDP) 完税后交货（…指定目的港）delivered duty unpaid(…named place of de stination)(DDU) 未完税交货（…指定目的地）delivered ex quay (…named port of destina tion)(D.E.Q) 目的港码头交货（…指定目的地）delivered ex ship (…named port of destinat ion)(D.E.S) 目的港船上交货（…指定目的港）delivery 交货delivery order (D/O) 提货单demand draft (D/D) 汇票demise charter 光船租船demurrage money 延期费，滞期费deposit receipt (D/R) 押金收据description of goods 货物说明desk to desk express service 桌到桌快递服务dispatch money 速谴费destination of discharge 目的地detail airmail 详见航邮件detailed invoice 详细发票detailed packing list 详细装箱单Diners Club international 大菜卡direct additional 直航附加费direct barter 直接易货direct bill of lading(direct B/L) 直运提单direct price 直接价discount 贴现discrepancy and clam clause 异议与索赔条款dishonor 拒付行为Disinfect ion Inspection Certificate 消毒检验证书displacement tonnage 排水量吨位disponent owner 船东dock receipt (D/R) 码头收据；场站收据documentary bill 跟单汇票documentary letter of credit (documentary L/C) 跟单信用证documentary against acceptance(D/A) 承兑交单documentary against payment(D/P) 付款交单documentary against payment with trust receipt (D/P.T/R) 付款交单凭信托收据借单domestic credit 国内信用证door to CFS （集装箱运输）门到站door to CY （集装箱运输）门到场door to door （集装箱运输）门到门D/P at …days after sight 远期付款交单D/P at sight 即期付款交单draft 汇票drawee 受票人，付款人drawee bank 付款行drawer 出票人，收款人duplicate sample 复样dutch auction 减价拍卖duty paid value 完税价格EEDI message 电子信息Electronic Data Interchange (EDI) 电子数据通信Electronic Data Processing(EDP) 电子数据处理enclosure 附件endorsement 批单，背书engineering contracting 工程承包enquiry 询盘equipment lease 设备租赁errors and omissions excepted (E.&O.E) 有错当查，错误或遗漏不在此限establishing bank 开证行estimated time of arrival(E.T.A) 预定到达时间estimated time of departure(E.T.D) 预定开航时间；预定离港时间ex works (…named place)(EXW) 工厂交货（…指定地点）except as otherwise noted (E.A.O.N) 除非另有记载exclusive agency 独家代理exclusive agency agreement 独家代理协议exclusive agent 独家代理商exclusive distributor 包销商exclusive License 独占许可exclusive sale 包销exclusive sale agreement 包销协议expected time of finishing discharging (E.T.F.D) 预计卸完时间expected time of finishing loading(E.T.F.L) 预计装完时间export declaration(E/D) 出口申报书export freight manifest 出口载货运费清单或运费舱单export licence 出口许可证export licence textile products 纺织品出口许可证export manifest 出口载货清单exporter 出口人extraneous risks 外来风险Ffailure to deliver risk 交货不到险fair average quality (F.A.Q) 良好平均品质false bill of lading (false B/L) 伪造提单finance lease 融资租赁financial documents 资金单据fire risk extension clause-for storage of car go at destination HongKong ,including Ko wloon, or Macao(F.R.E.C) 货物出口到香港(包括九龙)或澳门寸仓火险责任扩展条款first beneficiary 第一收益人fixed price 固定价fixed scale rogalty 固定提成率flexible container 柔性集装袋FOB liner term FOB班轮条件FOB stowed(FOBS) FOB包括理舱FOB stowed and trimmed(F.O B.S.T) FOB 包括平舱和理舱FOB trimmed(FOBT) FOB包括平舱FOB under tackle FOB钓钩下交货FOB vessel(---named port of shipment)指定运港船上交货Food and Drug Administration(FDA) 美国食品及药品管理局for reference only 仅供参考force majeure 不可抗力force majeure clause 不可抗力条款fortuitous accidents 意外事故forward price 期货价格forward cargo receipt(FCR) 运输代理人的承运货物收据forwarding agents 发货代理或货运代理foul bill of lading(foul B/l) 不清单提单franchise 相对免赔率free all average(F-A-A) 不计一切海损free alongside ship(---named port of shipm ent)(FAS) 船边交货(---指定装运港)free carrier(---named place)(FCA) 货交承运人(---指定地点)free from particular average (F-P-A) 平安险free in(F-I) 船方官卸不管装free in and out(F-I-O) 船房不管装和卸free in and out, stowed and trimmed(F-I-O-S-T) 船方不管装卸,理舱和平舱free on board(---named port of shipment) 装运港船上交货(---指定装运港)free out 船方管装不管卸free perimeter 自由边境区free port 自由港free trade zone 自由贸易区freight agent 货运代理人freight bill 运费帐单freight manifest 运费舱单freight prepaid 运费已付freight to collect 运费到付freight ton 运费吨fresh water and /or rain damage(F-W-R-D) 淡水雨淋险fresh water road line 淡水载重线frustration of contract 合同落空full cable 全电本full container load(F-C-L) 整箱货full packed 全部包装full payout 完全付清fill set bill of lading(full set B/L) 全套提单full set of clean on board bill of lading mad e out toorder and endorsed in blank 全套清洁已装船作成凭指示和空白背书的提单fundamental breach 根本违反合同future contract 期货合同futures market 期货市场future transaction 期货交易Ggeneral additional 一般附加险General Administration of Civil Aviation Ch ina(AAC) 中国民航总局general agency 总代理general agent 总代理人general average(G-A) 共同海损general average contribution 共同海损分摊general conditions of delivery of goods 交货共同条件general terms and conditions 一般交易条件generalized system of preference certificat e of origin Form A(G-S-P Form A) 普惠制产地证格式AGeneva uniform law on cheque 日内瓦统一支票法规Good merchantable quality(G-M-Q) 上好可销品质goods quality 商品品质grade of goods 商品等级grane back 技术反馈green clause credit 绿条款信用证gross bills of lading weight 毛提单货量gross for net 以毛作净gross registered tonnage(G-R-T) 注册总吨gross terms 船方担负装卸费grounded 搁浅groundage bill of lading 成组提单guarantee letter of credit(guarantee L/C) 担保信用证,保证信用证guarantor 保证人gunny bags 麻袋HHamburg Rules 海牙规则Hard ware硬件heavy lift additional超重附加费heavy weather恶劣气候hedging 套期保植hire purchase租购式租赁hook damage 钩损险house air way bill 分运单house bill of lading 运输代理行提单IImmediate shipment 立即装运import declaration 进口申请书import duty risk 进口关税险importer 进口人indent 订单indicative marks 指示性标志industrial activity 实用性industrial property 工业产权initial payment 初付费,入门费initial price 初步价格injured party 受害方inland depot 内陆货运站inland extended cover 内陆附加险inland waterway bill of landing 内陆提单inspection and claim clause检验与索赔条款Inspection Certificate of Health 健康检验证书Inspection Certificate of Origin 产地检验证书Inspection Certificate of Quality 品质检验证书Inspection Certificate of Quantity 数量检验证书Inspection Certificate of Value 价值检验证书Inspection Certificate of Weight 重量检验证书Inspection Certificate on Cargo Weight and Measurement 货物衡量证书Inspection Certificate on damaged Cargo 验残检验证书Inspection Certificate on Tank /Hold 验舱证书Inspection of goods 货物检验Institute Cargo clauses(ICC) 协会货物险条款Institute Cargo clauses A(ICC(A)) 协会货物(A)险条款Institute Cargo clauses B(ICC(B)) 协会货物(B)险条款Institute Cargo clauses C(ICC(C)) 协会货物(C)险条款Institute strikes clauses-Cargo 协会罢工险条款(货物)Institute War clauses-Cargo 协会战争险条款(货物)Insurable interest 保险利益;可保权益Insurance certificate 保险凭证Insured amount 保险金额Insurer 承保人;保险人Intellectual property 知识产权Interim measures of protection 保全措施又称临时保护措施International Chamber of Commerce(ICC) 国际商会International code of conduct on the techn ology transfer 国际技术转让行动守则International competitive bidding 国际竞争性招标International combined transport国际多式联运International express mail service(EMS) 国际特快专递International multimodal transport 国际多式联运International railway through transport 国际铁路货物联运International rules for the interpretation of t rade terms(INCOTERMS) 国际贸易术语解释通则International standard organization 国际标准化组织International trading certificate(ITC) 国际贸易证书Intrinsic quality 商品内在素质Inventive activity 创造性Invitation to make offer 邀请发盘Invitation to tender 招标Irrespective of percentage(I-O-P) 不论损失程度Irrespective letter of credit(irrevocable L/C) 不可撤消信用证Issue 出票Issuing bank 开证行Insurance policy 保险单Insurance value 保险价值JJapanese Industrial Standard(JIS) 日本工业标准Jettison and/or washing over board 抛掷,海水冲击险KKite mark 风筝标志Knocked-down in carloads 拆散成整车皮装货物Knocked-down shipment (货物)分运Know how 专有技术LLand bridge transport 大陆桥运输Landed terms 起货条件Landing account 卸货报告Landing quality ,weight as final 以到岸品质,重量为准Landing weight 卸货重量,到岸重量Last pay certificate 最后付款证明书Late acceptance 逾期接受Law and practice 法律惯例Lay time 装卸时间Lay days date 受载时间Leakage risk 渗漏险Lease trade 租赁贸易Licensor’s share on licensee’s profit(LSLP)利润分成原则Legal net weight 法定净重Legal weight 法定重量Less than container load(LCL) 拼箱货Lessee 承担人Lessor 出租人Letter of credit(L/C) 信用证Letter of guarantee(L/G) 银行保证函Letter telegramme 书信电报Leverage lease 杠杆租赁Licensing 许可证贸易Licensing agreement 许可证协议Lien 扣押权Light displacement 空船排水量或清排水量Liner 班轮Liner shipping 班轮运输Liner terms 班轮条件,船方负担装卸费Liner’ s freight tariff 班轮运价表Liquidated damages 预定损害赔偿Litigation 诉讼Load line 船舶载重线Loaded displacement 满载排水量或重排水量或总排水量Loading list 装货清单Local freight agent 当地运输代理商Local vanning 当地装箱Log book 航行日志London Metal Exchange 伦敦五金交易所London Stock Exchange 伦敦证券交易所Long form bill of lading(long from B/L) 全式提单Long length additional 超长附加费Loss and/or damage caused by breakage o f packing 包装破裂险Lot tolerance rate 批内允许破损率Lot tolerance defective 批内允许次品费Lowest price limit 最低售价Lump sum payment 一次总算MMail confirmation to follow 随寄证实书Mail credit 信开信用证Mail transfer(M/T) 信汇Main mark 主要标志Major causes 重大意外事故Malicious damage clauses 恶意损害险条款Manufacture’s certificate of origin 生产商原产地证明书Manufacture’s invoice 厂商发票Marine bill of lading 海运提单Marine insurance policy 水运保险单Marker capacity 标定容量Master airway bill民航运单Master Card 万事达卡Master document 总单证Master receipt 大副收据Material breach 重大违约Mate’s receipt 大副收据Measurement and weight mark 体重和重量标志Measurement cargo 轻货Measurement list 尺码单Measurement ton(M/T) 尺码吨Memorandum 备忘录Method of dispatching documents 寄单方法’Method of reimbursement 所汇方法Mildew proof packaging 防霉包装Mini land bridge(M-L-B) 小路桥Minimum bill of lading(minimum B/L) 起码提单Minimum freight 起码运费Minimum premium 最低保险费Minimum rate 起码费率Minimum weight 最低重量Minor breach 轻微违法Mixed agreement 混合协议Mixed policy 混合保险单Mode of shipment运输方式Money of account 计价货币Money of payment 支付货币More or less clause 溢短装条款Multimode transport documents(MTO) 多式联运单据Multimode transport operator(MTO) 多式联运经营人Multiple country declaration 多国家产地声明书NName of commodity 品名National harbors 天然港Natural calamity 自然灾害Negotiable calamity 流通证券Negotiated bidding 谈判招标Negotiating bank 议付行Negotiation 议付0Negotiation letter of credit 议付通行证Net bills of lading weight 净提单货量Net dead weight 净载重量Net net weight 净净重Net registered tonnage(NRT) 注册净吨Net weight 净重Neutral invoice 中性发票Neutral packing 中性包装New York Commodity Exchange 纽约商品交易所No commercial value(N-C-V) 无商业价值No mark(N/M) 无唛头No orders(N/O) 无指示,无定单,不指定人Non-acceptance(N/A) 拒绝承兑,拒绝接受Non-automatic revolving letter of credit No n-base port 非自动循环信用证Non-commercial technology transfer 非基本港Non-cumulative revolving letter of credit 非商业性技术转让Non-payout 非累计循环信用证Non-vessel operating carrier(NV OC) 不完全付清Non-vessel operating common carrier(NVO C C) 无船承运人Non-vessel owning common carrier(NVOC C)无船承运人Notice of abandonment 委付通知Notice of readiness 备装通知Notify party 被通知人Notifying bank 通知行Novelty 新颖性Nuded cargo 裸装货物、OOcean bill of lading (ocean B/L) 海运提单Ocean marine insurance frozen products 海洋运输冷藏货物保险Ocean marine insurance wood oil bulk 海洋运输散装桐油保险Ocean waybill 海上货运单或海运单Off set 抵消贸易Offer 发盘Offer without engagement 不受约束的发盘Omnibus bill of lading(omnibus B/L) 并提单On board bill of lading(on B/L)已装车提单On deck risk 舱面险Once on demurrage a一旦滞期,始终滞期leeway’s on demurrageOpen account transaction 赊帐交易Open bidding 公开招标Open by airmail 信开Open by telecommunication 电开Open policy 预约保单Open negotiation letter of credit 公开议付信用证Opener 开证人,开证申请人Opening bank 开证行Opening of tender 开标Operating lease 经营租赁Operative instrument 有效文本Optional charges 选港费Optional fees 选择卸货港附加费Optional port 选择港Order 定货,定单Order bill of lading (order B/L) 指示提单Original mark 原产地标志Outturn sample 船样Overland common points(O-C-P) 内陆地区Overland transportation all risks 陆运一切险Overland transportation cargo war risks-by train 路上运输货物战争险Overland transportation frozen products 路上运输冷藏货运险Overland transportation risks 陆运险PPack slip 装箱单Packaging销售包装Package number mark 件号标志Package list 装箱单Packed cargo 包装货物Packing 运输包装Packing documents 包装单据Packing loan 打包放款Packing specification 包装证明Packing summary 包装提要Paper bags 纸袋Paperless documentation Parcel post all risks 邮包一切险Parcel post risk 邮包险Parcel post war risks 邮包战争险Part packed 局部包装Partial loss 部分损失Partial shipment 分批装运Particular average 单独海损Patent 专利Pattern sample 款式样品Pay by installment 分期付款Payee 受款人Payer 付款人Paying bank 付款行Payment 付款Payment in advance 预付条款Penalty clause 罚金条款Performance bond 履约保证金Performance guaranty 履约保证函Performance letter of credit 履约信用证Perils of the sea 海上风险Physical delivery 实际交货Place of departure 启运地Place of issue 出票地点Place of payment 付款地点Place of receipt 收货地Port of call 挂靠港Port congestion surcharge 港口拥挤附加费Port of destination 目的港Port of discharge 卸货港Port of loading 装货港Port of shipment 装运港Port of transshipment 转运港Port surcharge 港口附加费Port to port 港到港Postal money order 邮政汇票Presentation for acceptance 承兑提示Presentation for payment 付款提示Presenting bank 提示行Price adjustment clause 价格修正条款Price terms 价格条件,价格术语Principal 委托人Processing with customer’s materials 来料加工Product buyback 产品返销Product sharing 产品分成Performa invoice 形式发票Progress 先进性Progression payment 分期付款Promissory note 本票Prompt shipment 即期装运Protest 拒付证书Provisional price 暂作价Public certificate 公务证书Purchase order 购货定单Purchase confirmation 购货确认书Purchase contract 购货合同QQuality sample 品质样品Quality latitude 品质机动幅度Quality of goods 商品品质Quality to be about equal to the sample 品质与样品大致相同Quality tolerance 品质公差Quote 报价RReal tare 实际皮重Receipt for the goods 货物收据Receipt invoice 收妥发票Received for shipment bill of lading 备运提单Reciprocal letter of credit 对开信用证Red clause letter of credit 红条款信用证Reference sample 参考样品Registered tonnage 注册吨Regular shipping liner 班轮Reimbursing agent 偿付代理人Reimbursing bank 偿付行Reissuing bank 转开行Rejection risk 拒收险Related product 相关样品Remittance 汇付Remittance against documents 凭单付汇Remitting bank 托收行Repayment guarantee 还款保证函Representative sample 代表性样品Restricted negotiation letter of credit 限制议付信用证Restrictive endorsement 限制背书Resultant product 直接产品Return sample 回样Return voyage charter 来回航程次Revised American Foreign Trade Definition s 1941 一九四一年美国对外贸易定义修正本Revocable letter of credit 可撤销信用证Revoke 撤销Revolving around time letter of credit 按时间循环信用证Revolving around value letter of credit 按金额循环信用证Revolving letter of credit 循环信用证Right of exclusive sale 独家经销权利Right of recourse 追索权Right of subrogation 代位追偿权,代位权Risk for shipment of frozen products 冷藏险Risk of intermixture and contamination 混杂,沾污险Risk of odour 串味险Risk of shortage 短量险Risks clause 风险条款Risks covered 承保范围Risks of strikes,riots and civil commotion( SRCC) 罢工,暴动,民变险Rules for Pre-arbitral Referee Procedures 仲裁前公断程序规则Ruling price 现行价Running days 连续日Running working days 连续工作日Rust-inhibiting packaging 防锈包装Rusting risk 锈损险SSafty-mark 安全标志Sailing date 开航日期,船期Sale and lease back 回租Sale by brand name or trade mark 凭牌名或商标销售Sale by buyer’s sample 凭买方样品销售Sale by description 凭文字说明销售Sale by grade 凭等级销售Sale by illustration 凭说明书销售。
外贸操作流程中英文
外贸操作流程中英文-CAL-FENGHAI-(2020YEAR-YICAI)_JINGBIAN1．外贸业务人员在国外采购商的询价，做出产品报价前，应了解客户基本信息，包括是否终端客户、年采购能力、消费区域，以及产品的用途、规格及质量要求，我公司是否能够生产等。
Before quoting, the Salesman should know the basic information about the clients, for instance, the end users or not, the annual order quantity, the places of consuming, and the products the purposes, specification, quality and the abilities whether our factories to meet.2．对于外商的邮件、传真，原则上在24小时内答复；特殊情况需要延期的，应及时向外商解释及大概需要的时间。
Generally as a rule, to reply the clients’ mails shall be within 24 hours after receiving; and please explain the reasons to the clients due to the things particular and need more time to deal with.3．对于外商的产品报价，原则上按照公司财务部门经核算后的价格表（外销）执行；公司财务部门根据市场状况及生产成本，定期进行核算，对产品价格进行调整。
Quotations will be according to the prices list (for oversea market) made by the company Accounting Department, which will make prices adjustments according to the market and the production cost at regular periods.4．对于定单数量较大，外商所能接受的价格低于我公司公布的价格的，业务人员应先上报部门经理批准实施；部门经理不能批复的，报总经理批准后实施。
国际国内石油贸易操作流程
国际国内石油贸易操作流程一．石油供应情况1．石油来源：本公司目前主要供应沙特阿拉伯、俄罗斯、尼日利亚、伊拉克的轻质原油，质量按照该国家标准，价格根据数量来谈，以做国际原油贸易为主。
2．供货商介绍：中东各国的石油公司----沙特/伊拉克/俄罗斯石油公司沙特阿拉伯王国位于亚洲西南部的阿拉伯半岛上,西临红海,东临波斯湾,面积224万平方千米,人口1788万,绝大部分居民是阿拉伯人.,伊斯兰教是国教.阿拉伯语为官方语言,通用英语.全国分为13个行政区.地势西高东低,沙漠占50%,故阿拉伯半岛有*”沙漠王国”之称,又因其为世界上石油储量/产量和销量最大的国家之一,因而又以”石油王国”著称.世界三大超级大油田就有两个在沙特阿拉伯,分别是加瓦尔油田和萨法尼亚油田.经过努力,永创公司NOVEL TRDING LIMITED取得了沙特及中东各石油国家公司的销售权。
,NOVEL TRADING LIMITED 香港永创国际石油有限公司产品范围包括：原油、成品油、航空油、天然气等能源制品，现在亚洲代表处主要是代理销售石油产品，欢迎有经营资格的石油公司前来洽谈合作事宜。
3．供货总量：不限制4．最小起定量：5万吨/月5．合同期限：1-5年6．价格：根据卖家LOI(求购函)与BCL(资金证明)的数量来确定价格七．付款方式：1.国际贸易：外资银行付款方式A．开出可转让的不可撤消的可保兑的并可自动循环的3个月的BG（保函）,有效期一年零30天.B．开出可转让的不可撤消的可保兑的并可自动循环的2个月的BG（保函）+1个月的LC,两者有效期均为一年零30天.C.接受中国建设银行\工商银行\中国银行开出的DCL(可转让的信用证).2.国内贸易付款方式A.买家向卖家开出BG保函,货到商检合格后银行保证付款.B.如果买家开不出保函,可在预付30%-50%的订金,银行将为买家开出预付款保函,如果货不到,银行将保证退还买家的本金和利息.八．操作规程A.国际贸易第一套操作规程ＬＯＩ＋ＢＣＬ－ＦＣＯ＋ＮＣＮＤ／ＩＣＣ－ＩＣＰＯ＋未生效的银行BG－２％ＰB＋ＰＯＰ＋合同－正式的ＢＧ／ＬＣ－发货，交易正式开始．１．买家先向NOVEL TRADING LIMITED永创贸易有限公司发出LOI(求购函)+BCL；2．A.永创公司在收到LOI(求购函)+BCL后，递交到海外石油公司；海外石油公司收到LOI(求购函)+BCL后会发出FCO（回函）+NCNＤ／ＩＣＣ（不可跨越的保密协议）给NOVEL TR ＡDING LIMITED永创公司；3.A．NOVEL TRADING LIMITED永创公司将ＦＣＯ转给买家，买家看到ＦＣＯ后，将发出ＩＣＰＯ（不可撤消的订货合约）＋未生效的银行BG（保函）给永创公司，同时永创公司同所有的中介人签ＮＣＮＤ／ＩＣＣ（不可跨越的保密协议）和佣金分配方案，并将签好的ＮＣＮＤ／ＩＣＣ（不可跨越的保密协议），交到卖家银行.４．Ａ．海外石油公司收到ＩＣＰＯ（不可撤消的订货合约）＋未生效的银行BG（保函）后，会给予原油买卖合同(草案)给NOVEL TRADING LIMITED永创公司；同时把POP(有油的资料证明文件)+2%BP(待激活)保证金交到买方银行.５．Ａ．NOVEL TRADING LIMITED永创公司将原油买卖合同(草案)转给买家，买家合同条列，同意后在合约上签字盖章，同时向海外石油公司银行开出正式的ＢＧ／ＬＣ．６．Ａ．买家银行收到卖方银行正式的ＢＧ／ＬＣ．将通知卖家装船发货.交易正式开始．.国际石油贸易第二套操作规程 Ｂ方案ＬＯＩ＋待激活的银行BG（保函）－ＮＣＮＤ＋２％ＰB＋ＰＯＰ＋合同－正式的ＢＧ／ＬＣ－发货，交易正式开始．１．B. 买家先向NOVEL TRADING LIMITED永创贸易有限公司发出LOI(求购函)+待激活的银行BG２．B. 永创贸易有限公司收到LOI(求购函)+未生效的银行BG（保函）后, 递交到海外石油公司，海外石油公司收到LOI(求购函)+BCL后会发出购油合同+NCND给NOVEL TRADING LIMITED永创公司；同时把POP(有油的资料证明文件)+2%PB保证金交到买方银行. ３．Ｂ．NOVEL TRADING LIMITED永创公司将合同转给买家，买家查看合同条列，并进行修改，并将改好的合约上签字盖章，同时向海外石油公司银行开出正式的ＢＧ／ＬC．NOVEL TRADING LIMITED永创公司同所有的中介人签ＮＣＮＤ／ＩＣＣ（不可跨越的保密协议），并将签好的ＮＣＮＤ／ＩＣＣ（不可跨越的保密协议），交到卖家银行．４．Ｂ．卖家银行收到卖方银行正式的ＢＧ／ＬＣ．将通知卖家装船发货，货到目的地后，银行将用提货单＋ＰＯＰ＋２％ＰB激活ＢＧ／ＬＣ．交易正式开始生效．九．特别注意事项：１．买方交易的银行一定是在全球排名前２５位的银行．２．中国的买家交易银行一定要在香港有办事机构或者是香港的银行，最好是汇丰＼渣打＼花旗银行．３．中国银行开出的ＬＣ／ＢＧ海外石油公司银行不接收中国在香港没有办事机构或分行的银行开出BG/ＬＣ．中国的买家交易银行一定要在香港有办事机构或者是香港的银行，最好是汇丰＼渣打＼花旗银行．４．银行ＬＣ／ＢＧ要求是不可撤消的保兑的可转让的可以自动循环的．5.虽然目前海外石油公司已经接受了中国的银行,但在价格上相差悬殊,如果想要价格低的话,只能用海外银行.１０．LOI的抬头：NOVEL TRADING LIMITED永创贸易有限公司国内贸易的操作办法如果没有清关报税能力的买家,可以委托永创公司全权代理进口和清关手续.我们的永创联营公司广东亚之龙进出口贸易有限公司,国内贸易的发票和手续由广东茂名茂贺石油有限公司负责.广东亚之龙进出口贸易有限公司是专业代理进口石油的公司，可以解决进口报关、开证、配额、人民币结算等问题，专业为部分没有进口能力又想做国际石油贸易的公司服务，可以满足没有进口能力的公司的需求。
国内原油贸易流程分析
国内原油贸易流程分析英文回答：Domestic Crude Oil Trading Process Analysis.The domestic crude oil trading process in China involves several key steps:1. Production: Crude oil is extracted from oil fields located both onshore and offshore.2. Transportation: The crude oil is then transported to refineries, either via pipelines, rail, or by sea.3. Refining: At the refineries, the crude oil is processed to produce various products, including gasoline, diesel, and jet fuel.4. Distribution: The refined products are distributed to wholesalers, retailers, and end-consumers through anetwork of pipelines, terminals, and gas stations.5. Storage: Strategic oil reserves are maintained at various locations across the country to ensure supply security.Key Participants in the Domestic Crude Oil Trading Process.Oil producers: State-owned companies, such as China National Petroleum Corporation (CNPC) and China Petrochemical Corporation (Sinopec), account for the majority of crude oil production in China.Refineries: There are a number of refineries in China, both state-owned and private, that process crude oil into refined products.Wholesalers and retailers: These companies purchase refined products from refineries and distribute them toend-consumers through gas stations and other distribution channels.Government: The Chinese government plays a significant role in regulating the domestic crude oil market and maintaining strategic oil reserves.Challenges in the Domestic Crude Oil Trading Process.Supply and demand imbalances: China's reliance on imported crude oil makes it vulnerable to supplydisruptions and price fluctuations.Environmental concerns: Crude oil production and refining can have a negative impact on the environment, necessitating the implementation of strict environmental regulations.Technological limitations: China's refining capacityis not sufficient to meet the growing demand for refined products, leading to the need for imports.Opportunities in the Domestic Crude Oil Trading Process.Growing demand: The increasing demand for energy in China provides opportunities for investment in the crudeoil and refining sectors.Government support: The Chinese government is actively promoting the development of the domestic crude oilindustry through subsidies and other incentives.Technological advancements: The adoption of new technologies, such as enhanced oil recovery and renewable energy, can help to reduce China's dependence on imports.中文回答：国内原油贸易流程分析。
外贸业务操作流程中英文
外贸业务操作流程中英文公司内部编号：（GOOD-TMMT-MMUT-UUPTY-UUYY-DTTI-外贸业务操作流程(中英文)1、业务人员在国外采购商的询价，做出产品报价前，应了解客户基本信息，包括是否终端客户、年采购能力、消费区域，以及产品的用途、规格及质量要求，我公司是否能够生产等。
Before quoting, the Salesman should know the basic information about t he clients, for instance, the end users or not, the annual order quant ity, the places of consuming, and the products the purposes, specifica tion, quality and the abilities whether our factories to meet.2、对于外商的邮件、传真，原则上在24小时内答复；特殊情况需要延期的，应及时向外商解释及大概需要的时间。
Generally as a rule, to reply the clients’ mails shall be within 24 h ours after receiving; and please explain the reasons to the clients due to the things particular and need more time to deal with.3、对于外商的产品报价，原则上按照公司财务部门经核算后的价格表（外销）执行；公司财务部门根据市场状况及生产成本，定期进行核算，对产品价格进行调整。
Quotations will be according to the prices list (for oversea market) m ade by the company Accounting Department, which will make prices adjus tments according to the market and the production cost at regular peri ods.4、对于定单数量较大，外商所能接受的价格低于我公司公布的价格的，业务人员应先上报部门经理批准实施；部门经理不能批复的，报总经理批准后实施。
汽油贸易的基本流程
汽油贸易的基本流程英文回答：Basic 流程 of Gasoline Trading.The basic process of gasoline trading involves several key steps:1. Production: Gasoline is produced by refining crude oil at refineries. This process involves separating the various components of crude oil into different products, including gasoline, diesel, and other fuels.2. Transportation: Once gasoline is produced, it is transported from refineries to storage terminals and distribution centers via pipelines, ships, or rail cars.3. Storage: Gasoline is stored at terminals and distribution centers in large tanks to ensure a steady supply for distribution to retail outlets.4. Distribution: Gasoline is distributed from storage terminals and distribution centers to retail gas stations and other outlets through a network of pipelines, trucks, and barges.5. Retail Sale: At retail gas stations, gasoline is sold directly to consumers for use in their vehicles.中文回答：汽油贸易的基本流程。
中石化内部油田生产的原油销售审批流程
中石化内部油田生产的原油销售审批流程英文文档内容：The sales approval process for crude oil produced from Sinopec"s internal oil fields involves several steps.First, the production data of the oil fields is collected and analyzed to determine the quantity and quality of the crude oil available for sale.This information is then submitted to the relevant departments within Sinopec for review and approval.Once the crude oil is approved for sale, the next step is to negotiate the terms of the sale with potential buyers.This may include pricing, delivery schedules, and payment terms.Once the terms are agreed upon, a sales contract is drafted and executed.Finally, the crude oil is transported to the buyer"s location and delivered.中文文档内容：中石化内部油田生产的原油销售审批流程包括以下几个步骤。
首先，收集并分析油田的生产数据，以确定可用于销售的原油的数量和质量。
然后将此信息提交给中石化的相关部门进行审批。
一旦原油获得批准销售，下一步是与潜在买家协商销售条款，这可能包括定价、交货时间表和支付条款。
石油进出口许可证办理流程
石油进出口许可证办理流程英文回答：How to Obtain Oil Import and Export Licenses.Step 1: Determine if You Need a License.Determine whether the oil or petroleum products you wish to import or export require a license. This can be done by consulting the Import/Export Control List (IECL) maintained by the Bureau of Industry and Security (BIS).If the item requires a license, you will need to determine the type of license that is required (e.g., a General Authorization, a Special Comprehensive License, or a Unique License).Step 2: Identify the Appropriate Government Agency.The regulatory agency responsible for issuing oilimport and export licenses varies depending on the type of oil or petroleum product involved.Typically, the following agencies are responsible for issuing licenses:Bureau of Industry and Security (BIS)。
Minerals Management Service (MMS)。
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石油能源类外贸流程（中英文对照）
Procedure
1.购货方发出订货函及银行信函。
The buyer issues ICPO and letter of bank
2.供货方发出供货函及合约
Seller issues FCO and the draft contract
3.双方议定并签署电子合约.
Buyer sign the contract via email, after negotiating with Seller
4.供方签字盖章后的六份纸质合同邮寄购货方.
Seller sign and seal six hard copies of the contract and mail to Buyer via express courier
5.购货方签字盖章后的合同邮寄三份返回供货方.
Buyer sign and seal the contract and mail three hard copies back to Seller
6.供货方收到纸质合同后,提供部分POP文件.
Seller issues partial POP upon receiving hard copies of the contract 7.购货方开出信用证或保函.
Buyer issues DLC/BG(Bank Guarantee)
8.供货方收到LC或BP后的五个工作日内发出2%的BP，十个工作日
内发出全部的pop及提单。
Seller issues 2% BP in five working days, and issues full set of POP and Bill of lading in ten working days, upon receiving LC/BP
9.购货方发出LC或BP后的三十天内，供货方的货物抵达目的港，
The shipment from Seller arrives at the destination port in thirty days after Seller issuing LC/BP
10.CIQ商检后的五个工作日内TT付清货款。
The full payment will be released in five working days after CIQ inspect。