昌平区2021届初三第一学期期末考试英语试题及答案
北京市昌平区2021-2022学年九年级上学期期末考试语文试卷(word版,含答案)
语文2022. 1 本试卷共10页，五道大题，23个小题，满分100分。
考试时长150分钟。
考生务必将答案填涂或写在答题卡上，在试卷上作答无效。
考试结束后，将答题卡交回。
一、基础•运用（共16分）学校开展“中国梦•航天梦”宣传活动，你所在的班级要制作关于航空航天内容的宣传手册，请你完成审稿任务。
1.宣传册的第一部分为''缘起"，下面是同学们找到的材料。
（6分）我国是世界四大文明古国之一，—①—航空航天科技属于现代化科技的研究成果，—②—早在2000 多年以前，我国和航空航天科技就己经结下了—（§）—o《诗经》中记载了公元前776年的日食，《汉书•五行志》所书公元前28年发现的太阳黑子，是世界上最早关于太阳黑子的记载。
此外，我国还有著名的“嫦娥奔月"这一神话小说，还有鲁班制作木鸟的飞天尝试。
这些典籍中的天文记录、古人勇敢的实践和丰富的想象对于现代航空航天技术的萌芽有着非常重要的推动作用。
（1）结合语境，文中画横线处填入词语最恰当的一项是（2分）A①虽然②但是③金玉良缘B①因为②所以③金玉良缘C①虽然②但是③不解之缘D①因为②所以③不解之缘（2）画线的句子作为这段文字的总结句，有一处表达欠妥，请你加以修改。
（2分）修改：_____________（3）手册中收录了一张“嫦娥奔月”的邮票，版面中“中国人民邮政”采用篆书书写，请你结合书体特点和邮票内容说说收录这张邮票的理由。
（2分）察看和抚摸它大而厚的绿叶，微风一起，满树层层叠叠、挤挤挨挨的叶子就上下翻飞，声动心弦。
秋天一到，满树的树叶由青而黄，由黄而陨，痛快地，风起即断，了无牵挂。
梧桐____________________________________ ,让我心生敬意。
⑦校园里就有很多这样的树，如桃树、李树、柚子树、桂花树、芙蓉树、木槿树，它们或三五一群，或篷篷一丛，安静地立于校园一隅，该开花时开花，该结果时结果，不喜于绽放，不悲于萎落，顺天应时，默默地来，轻轻地去。
2021届北京昌平区第一中学高三英语上学期期末试题及答案
2021届北京昌平区第一中学高三英语上学期期末试题及答案第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项ATheBest Placeto Camp in Each StateWashington-SecondBeach, Olympic National ParkCampers put up their tents right on the sand of thisPacific Northwestbeach. Make a campfire, photograph sunset over the sea and try to absorb this charming spot with your entire being.Alaska-Bartlett Cove Campground, Glacier (冰川) Bay National ParkIn a state full of natural riches,Glacier Bayis a wonder, home to high peaks, whales, 700 miles of coastline, and light blue glaciers that flow directly into the sea. Set within temperate rainforest along Bartlett Cove, the park's only campground is impressively green and an easy jumping-off point for boat tours.Arizona-Havasupai Campground, Havasupai ReservationGetting to Havasupai is a challenge. Permits are snatched (剥夺) up almost instantly, and even if you get one it's a 10-mile hike from the border to reach this rural campground that hugs Havasu Creek. Make the journey, however, and you're rewarded with a series of great waterfalls and natural pools.Arkansas-BuffaloNationalRiverAmerica's first national river travels 135 miles through the Ozark Mountains, winding its way over rapids, forming peaceful pools and passing rocky cliffs topped by green forest. Plan a float trip and absorb the scenery ata leisurely pace, pausing for hikes to visitLostValley's caves or the 200-foot waterfalls.1.Which state may attract people preferring glaciers?A.Alaska.B.Washington.C.Arizona.D.Arkansas.2.What makesArizonaa popular camp choice among tourists?A.The blue glaciers and green rainforests.B.The winding national river and cliffs.C.The soaring peaks and long coastline.D.The beautiful waterfalls and pools.3.What can you do when camping inArkansas?A.Take a long trip on foot.B.Visit caves and waterfalls.C.Put up a well-equipped tent.D.Enjoy a view of sunset.B4. The five passes all include ________.A. a dinner cruiseB. a magic showC. a city tourD. a trolley ride5. Accordingto the rules and restrictions, ________.A. visitors can return their ticketsB. reservations cannot be cancelledC. passes cannot be shared among usersD. users can visit attractions more than once6. To make reservations, you can ________.A. write an e-mailB. make a phone callC. send a text messageD. fill out an online form7. In which section of a newspaper would you most likely find this advertisement?A. Leisure & TravelB. Health & BeautyC. Restaurants & FoodD. Sports & EntertainmentCTo Rehan Staton, his childhood was a life of privilege — loving parents, a supportive big brother and a pleasant, private school education. Everything changed when his mother left the country and his father lost his job.He had to sleep with a heavy jacket on when it was cold. He was always hungry. He said he couldn't concentrate at school and would sleep during class. He went from straight. As to near the bottom of his class. A teacher told him he needed special education, which made him hate school.Staton spent his high school years as an excellent athlete, raining to become a professional boxer. He had won a lot of martial arts competitions.But a tragedy struck him in his senior year when Staton suffered serious tendonitis (肌腱炎), in both shoulders. He couldn’t lift either arm for months. His dream of becoming a professional player failed. He struggled to apply to colleges but was refused byall of them.Staton’s body slowly recovered from martial arts and he got a job as a rubbish collector. Many co-workers couldn't help but ask him a simple question, “What are you doing here? You’re smart. You are too young to be here. Go to college.” It was the first time someone outside his family had spoken highly of his intelligence. It wasthe co-workers thatem enedhim to return to school.Several co-workers put Staton in touch with a professor atBowieStateUniversity. The professor was impressed with their conversation and persuaded the admissions board to change its former decision.Going to college forced Staton’s older brother, Reggie, to drop out. They both knew someone had to be working full time along with their dad. It was a decision Reggie made on his own.After receiving a 4.0, Staton succeeded in becoming a student at theUniversityofMaryland. But he still had a long way to go to attend Harvard Law eventually...8. What finally changed Rehan Staton’s happy childhood?A. His brother’s losing the job.B. His serious health problem.C. His father’s sudden death.D. His mother’s leaving the country.9. What does the underlined word “em ened” in the fourth paragraph mean?A. Force.B. Direct.C. Encourage.D. Accompany.10. Why did Staton’s elder brother have to drop out of school?A. He wanted his brother to study further.B. His father asked him to leave school.C. He had lost interest in most lessons.D. He had to go out to find his mother.11. What will the writer mainly talk about next?A. What Rehan Staton planned to do after entering Harvard.B. How Rehan Staton managed to be admitted to Harvard.C. Why Rehan Staton decided to choose to go to Harvard.D. When Rehan Staton would be successful in Harvard Law.DI had just delivered a memorable speech, and I was about to learn how the judges decided my performance. The audience leaned forward and a period of silence fell across the room. I felt the drum rolled in my heart.The third-place winner was announced. The name was not mine. Then the second-place winner, still not me. At last, the moment of truth came. I was about to either enjoy the warmth of victory or regret the months’ preparation. My heart felt closer to the latter.Losing is a part of life, and I have dealt with it on more than one occasion. However, it was an indescribable feeling to drive a 200-mile round trip, get up very early on a freezing Saturday morning, and yet still finish fourth out of four competitors in my group. After Lincoln lost the 1858 Illinois Senate race, he said, “I felt like the 12-year-old boy who kicked his toe. I was too big to cry and it hurt too bad to laugh.” Oh yeah, I could relate.I had spent many hours in front of a computer and in libraries doing research for the Lincoln Bicentennial Speech Contest. After not placing in the first year of the contest, I really wanted to compete again. Lincoln had many failures, but he never allowed them to defeat his spirit or ambition, so I was not going to give up on a second contest! I reworked my speech for the following year, but again I did not place.I couldn’t accept the fact that I failed twice in something that I had worked so hard on, until I thought about my hero. Never mind the lost prize money and praise—through learning stories about Lincoln, I discovered that I can fail successfully.12. How did the author feel after finishing his speech?A. Delighted.B. Annoyed.C. Thrilled.D. Nervous.13. What can be inferred from Paragraph 3?A. He was regretful about his not being fully prepared.B. He felt upset for getting up early on a chilly morning.C. He once kicked and hurt his toe when he was 12 years old.D. He turned out to be the last one of his group in the contest.14. Why did the author decide to enter the second contest?A. He was eager to prove himself to be the best contestant.B. He was inspired by the never-give-up spirit of Lincoln.C. He was willing to enjoy the warmth and joy of victory.D. He was determined to win the prize money and praise.15. Which of the following can be the best title for the text?A. A memorable hero in my lifeB. Never mind others’ judgmentsC. Losing is an indescribable feelingD. Stand up from where we tripped over第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
2021-2022学年北京昌平区初三第一学期英语期末试卷及答案
2021-2022学年北京昌平区初三第一学期英语期末试卷及答案第—部分本部分共33题, 共 40分。
在每题列出的四个选项中, 选出最符合题目要求的—项。
—、单项填空（每题0. 5分, 共6分）从下面各题所给的 A、B、C、D四个选项中, 选择可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
1. Mr. Smith is kind and friendly to everyone. We all like ________.A. herB. himC. itD. them 【答案】B【解析】【详解】句意：史密斯先生对每个人都很友好。
我们都喜欢他。
考查代词辨析。
her她；him他；it它；them他们。
根据句意可知，空处指“史密斯先生”，故应用代词him“他”。
故选B。
2. What about playing tennis ________ me in the new sports center?A. toB. ofC. withD. from 【答案】C【解析】【详解】句意：和我一起在新体育中心打网球怎么样？考查介词辨析。
to到；of……的；with和某人一起；from来自。
根据空后“me”可知，空处应是with“和某人一起”。
故选C。
3. — ________ was the concert last night?—It was fantastic.A. HowB. WhereC. WhenD. What 【答案】A【解析】【详解】句意：——昨晚的音乐会怎么样？——太棒了。
考查特殊疑问句。
How怎么样；Where 在哪里；When什么时候；What什么。
根据回答“It was fantastic”可知，这里问对方对音乐会的感受如何。
故选A。
4. I don’t like rainy days ________ wet weather makes me feel uncomfortable.A. ifB. orC. butD. because【答案】D【解析】【详解】句意：我不喜欢下雨天，因为潮湿的天气使我感到不舒服。
2020-2021学年北京市昌平区某学校高一上学期期末考试英语试题(解析版) 听力
2020-2021学年北京市昌平区某学校高一上学期期末考试英语试题第I卷第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共5小题，每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。
每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。
听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回来有关小题和阅读下一小题。
每段对话仅读一遍。
1. Where are the speakers probably?A. In a store.B. In the restaurant.C. In the train station.2. When will the speakers go to the book fair?A. On Tuesday.B. On Saturday.C. On Sunday.3. Why does the woman call the man?A. To get a phone number.B. To make an appointment.C.To book a table. 4. What makes people lose hair according to the man? A. Washing every day. B. Staying up. C. Wearing a hat. 5. What time is it now? A. 7:45. B. 8:45. C. 9:45. 第二节(共15小题，每小题1.5分，满分22.5分) 听下面5段对话或独白，每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。
听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。
每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6和第7题。
6. Why can’t Charlie go to the beach today?A.The weather is terrible. B. He is busy with the housework. C. He has to do his homework. 7. What’s Charlie going to do tomorrow?A. Take a test. B. Go swimming. C. Watch the sunset. 听第7段材料，回答第8和第9题。
昌平区2021届初三第一学期期末考试物理试题及答案
昌平区2020-2021学年第一学期期末考试初三物理试卷2021．1考生须知1．本试卷共8页，共五道大题， 24道小题，满分70分。
考试时间60分钟。
2．在试卷上准确填写学校名称、姓名和考试编号。
3．试题答案一律填涂或书写在答题卡上，在试卷上作答无效。
4．在答题卡上，选择题、作图题用2B 铅笔作答，其他试题用黑色字迹签字笔作答。
5．考试结束后，请交回答题卡、试卷（草稿纸，如有）。
一、单项选择题（下列各小题均有四个选项，其中只有一个选项符合题意。
共24分，每小题2分） 1．在国际单位制中，电流的单位是A ．安培B ．伏特C ．焦耳D ．瓦特 2．图1所示的装置上标记的各部件中，通常情况下，属于导体的是A ．玻璃外壳B ．塑料旋钮C ．金属灯丝D ．木头底座3．下列四种用电器中，利用电流热效应工作的是A ．电风扇B ．电视机C ．笔记本电脑D ．电热水器4．如图2所示，手持用丝绸摩擦过的玻璃棒，靠近吊起的用毛皮摩擦过的橡胶棒的一端，发现橡胶棒的这端被吸引过来。
关于该实验，下列说法正确的是木头底座塑料旋钮金属灯丝玻璃外壳图1图2A．丝绸摩擦玻璃棒过程创造了电荷B．丝绸摩擦过的玻璃棒所带的电荷是负电荷C．该实验说明异种电荷相互吸引D．该实验说明同种电荷相互排斥5．关于家庭电路和安全用电，下列说法正确的是A．在未断开电源的情况下更换灯泡B．电冰箱使用三孔插头是为了节约用电C．在触电事故现场，要立即切断电源D．用潮湿的手拨动电器设备的开关6．如图3所示的四个电路，其中开关能控制两个灯泡同时发光和同时熄灭的电路是A B C D图37．电热水器甲的额定功率为3000W，电水壶乙的额定功率为1500W，下列说法正确的是A．电流通过电热水器甲做的功一定比通过电水壶乙做的功多B．正常工作时，电流通过电热水器甲做功比通过电水壶乙做功快C．电热水器甲消耗的电能一定比电水壶乙消耗的电能多D．在一个月内，电热水器甲的用电费用一定比电水壶乙的用电费用多8．关于导体的电阻，如果不考虑温度对电阻的影响，下列说法正确的是A．铝导线的电阻一定比铜导线的电阻大B．两根铝导线，长导线的电阻一定比短导线的电阻大C．长度相同的两根铝导线，粗的比细的电阻大D．长度相同的两根铜导线，细的比粗的电阻大9．图4所示的电路中，电阻阻值R 1<R 2。
北京市部分区2021-2022学年九年级上学期期末考试语文试题分类汇编：默写专题(含答案)
默写专题北京市东城区2021-2022学年度第一学期期末统一检测初三语文试题（一）默写。
（共4分）4.第（1)~(3)题任选两题作答，第（4)(5)题任选一题作答。
（1）____________________,拔剑四顾心茫然。
（李白《行路难》）（1分）（2)沙鸥翔集，___________，岸芷汀兰，郁郁青青。
（范仲淹《岳阳楼记》）（1分）（3) ____________________，蜡炬成灰泪始干。
（李商隐《无题》）（1分）（4)《酬乐天扬州初逢席上见赠》一诗里，既点明酬答之意，又包含共勉之情的一联是帆“________________，__________________”。
（2分）（5)面对因挫折而意志消沉的朋友，你会用“_________________，_________________”这两句诗来激励他。
（2分）北京市海淀区2021-2022学年度第一学期期末统一检测初三语文试题（一）默写（共4分）6、_________________，良多趣味。
《郦道元《三峡》）（1分）7、此中有真意，_________________。
（陶渊明《饮酒》）（1分）8.在学校举办的纪念“一二·九运动”86周年系列活动中，你所在的宣传小组负责制作以“爱国情·报国志”为主题的诗歌展板，请你从积累的古诗中选择两句来丰富展板的内容。
你选择的诗句是“_________________，_________________”。
（本试卷中出现的诗句除外。
每句中允许有一个不会写的字用拼音替代）（2分）北京市昌平区2021-2022学年九年级上学期期末考试语文试卷（一）默写（共4分）4. ___________，在乎山水之间也。
（欧阳修《醉翁亭记》）5.怀旧空吟闻笛赋，____________。
（刘禹锡《酬乐天扬州初逢席上见赠》）6.成长的道路上难免会遇到一些困难与挫折，我们可以用李白《行路难(其一)》中“ ____________，____________”两句自勉。
北京市部分区2020-2021学年九年级上学期期末考试语文试题分类汇编：默写专题(含解析)
默写专题北京市海淀区20202021学年度九年级上学期期末语文试卷(一)默写。
(共4分)4. ，芳草萋萋鹦鹉洲。
(崔颢《黄鹤楼))(1分)5.非独贤者有是心也，人皆有之， _ 。
《鱼我所欲也》)(1分)6.化用前人诗文是古代诗歌常用的创作手法。
李清照《渔家傲.天接云涛连晓雾》“__ ”一句就化用了《庄子.逍遥游》中的语句。
(1分)7.《答谢中书书》一文描绘在夕阳余晖中鱼儿争相嬉戏的语句是: 。
(1 分)北京市朝阳区2020-2021学年度九年级上期末检测语文试卷（一）默写。
（共4分）7. 政通人和，。
（范仲淹《岳阳楼记》）（1分）8. 长风破浪会有时，。
（李白《行路难·其一》）（1分）9.古今一轮月，千载寄情思。
苏轼发出“①，月有阴晴圆缺”之哲思，尽显豁达心态。
你能联想到的一句含“月”的古诗是“②”。
（本试卷中涉及的诗歌除外。
诗中允许有一个不会写的字用拼音替代）。
（2分）北京市大兴区2020－2021学年度第一学期期末考试九年级语文试卷（一）默写。
（共4分）6. ______，愁云惨淡万里凝。
（岑参《白雪歌送武判官归京》）（1分）7.凄神寒骨，______。
（柳宗元《小石潭记》）（1分）8.临别赠言是分别时赠送的一些勉励的话。
请你用读过的古诗词为同学写临别赠言，激励其以乐观昂扬的态度面对生活，你选用的诗句是“______，______”。
（本试卷中出现的诗句除外）（2分）北京市门头沟区2020-2021学年上学期期末考试九年级语文试卷5．（5分）默写。
（1），病树前头万木春。
（刘禹锡《酬乐天扬州初逢席上见赠》）（2）左牵黄，右擎苍，，千骑卷平冈。
（苏轼《江城子•密州出猎》）（3），在乎山水之间也。
（欧阳修《醉翁亭记》）（4）《岳阳楼记》中借鸟欢鱼跃描绘晴明景象的句子是：，。
北京市密云区2020—2021学年度第一学期期末考试九年级语文试卷（一）默写。
（共4分）5.英雄末路当磨折。
？！（《满江红·小住京华》）（2分）6.诚宜开张圣听，以光先帝遗德，，，引喻失义，以塞忠谏之路也。
2021-2022学年北京昌平区初三第一学期语文期中试卷及答案
2021-2022学年北京昌平区初三第一学期语文期中试卷及答案一、基础·运用（共15分）1. 学校要编辑以“火红五月，绚烂青春”为主题的校刊，请你参与，完成下列任务。
校刊中对“红色火种点燃地——北大红楼”进行了介绍。
阅读下面材料，完成小题。
“北京大学红楼”修建于1918年8月，是一座西洋古典风格的大楼，主体采用红砖砌成，青砖窗套，红瓦披顶，这就是人们习惯称它为“红楼”的原因。
作为中国近代史的重要坐标，这座红楼被赋予了象征意义，也点亮了中国的颜色。
它是“新文化运动”的重要营垒、“五四”运动的策源地和中国共产党的重要发祥地之一，是中国①、②和③的里程碑，是中华民族走向④的历史起点。
同时，北大红楼也见证了中国历史上许多重大事件，留下了一批知识分子追求救国强国真理的足迹。
在这里，李大钊创建了共产党早期组织，蔡元培大刀阔斧进行教育改革，陈独秀等人创刊了（）每周评论（），宣传反封建的文化思想，毛泽东曾在这里的第二阅览室工作。
五月的光荣，须用我们绚烂的青春续写。
先辈的教诲言犹在耳：“青年之字典，无‘困难’之字，青年之口头，无‘障碍’之语；惟知跃进，惟知雄飞，惟知本其自由之精神，奇僻之思想，锐敏之直觉，活泼之生命，以创造环境，征服历史（）中华民族崛起于世界曙光初现，如何才能避免功亏一篑？很重要的是激发我们青少年昂扬的民族精神，同时提升精神品质，五四精神中涌动的爱国热情支持着我们在思想传播的道路上心无旁骛，昂首阔步，勇往直前地走下去。
（1）文段中加点字的意思和读音全都正确的一项是A. 赋予中的“予”是“给予”之意，读三声。
B. 教诲中的“诲”是“教导，教训”之意，读三声。
C. 发祥的“祥”是“发起、发生”之意，应该改成“详”字。
D. “勇往直前”应该改为“永往直前”，是“永远向前”之意。
（2）文中横线处依次填入词语，最恰当的一项是A. ①思想启蒙②社会革命③伟大复兴④民族觉醒B. ①思想启蒙②民族觉醒③社会革命④伟大复兴C. ①社会革命②思想启蒙③民族觉醒④伟大复兴D. ①伟大复兴②民族觉醒③思想启蒙④社会革命（3）文段中（）处填入标点最恰当的一项是A. “ ” ”。
2021-2022学年北京市昌平区九年级(上)期末英语试卷
2021-2022学年北京市昌平区九年级（上）期末英语试卷试题数：20，总分：601.（单选题，0.5分）Mr.Smith is kind and friendly to everyone.We all like .（）A.herB.himC.itD.them2.（单选题，0.5分）What about playing tennis me in the new sports center？（）A.toB.ofC.withD.from3.（单选题，0.5分）- was the concert last night？-It was fantastic.（）A.HowB.WhereC.WhenD.What4.（单选题，0.5分）I don't like rainy days wet weather makes me feel uncomfortable.（）A.ifB.orC.butD.because5.（单选题，0.5分）- Can you finish the task tonight？- Sorry,I .I have too much homework to do.（）A.needn'tB.can'tC.mustn'tD.shouldn't6.（单选题，0.5分）- Which kind of music do you like ______， folk music or pop music？- Oh, folk music.（）A.wellB.betterC.bestD.the best7.（单选题，0.5分）David is crazy about volleyball,and he volleyball every day.（）A.playsB.playedC.will playD.is playing8.（单选题，0.5分）- I called you at seven yesterday evening,but nobody answered.- I'm sorry.I my little sister with her homework.（）A.helpB.am helpingC.was helpingD.helped9.（单选题，0.5分）-Henry,your sweater is so beautiful!-Thanks.My mum it for me last weekend.（）A.buysB.boughtC.has boughtD.will buy10.（单选题，0.5分）It's nice to see you again.We each other since we graduated.（）A.seeB.won't seeC.didn't seeD.haven't seen11.（单选题，0.5分）- Grandma,who is the cute girl in this photo？- It's your mother.It about 30 years ago.（）A.takesB.are takenC.tookD.was taken12.（单选题，0.5分）-Can you tell me the sports meeting？-Next Friday.（）A.when we hadB.when will we haveC.when did we haveD.when we will have13.（填空题，8分）At school,some students often mimicked （模仿） the way Amy walked.Amy was really tired of it.She couldn't help thinking about teasing （嘲笑） from some students.Even in a classroom full of other students,teasing made her feel（1）___ .Her mother knew that things were not going well at school these days.One day,she said to Amy, "There's a New Year（2）___ Competition on the radio.Write a letter to the organizer,and you might win a prize. "Then Amy wrote a letter quietly as follows.carefully.He knew cerebral palsy was a muscle illness which might （4）___ most of Amy's schoolmates because they knew little about it.He thought it would be necessary for the people in Fort Wayne to hear about this special girl and her unusual wish.Mr.Tobin called up the local newspaper and Amy's story（5）___ soon after that.During that unforgettable New Year holiday,over two thousand people from all over the world sent Amy letters of friendship and（6）___ her.She realized that no leasing could ever make her feel lonely again.Many people,who had the same experience,thanked Amy for acting（7）___ to speakup.Others encouraged her to ignore （无视） teasing and to carry her head high.Amy did（8）___ her wish of a special day without teasing at her school.Actually,teachers and students talked together about how bad teasing could make others feel.Amy taught everyone an unforgettable lesson.（1）A.lonely B.glad C.hopeful D.ill（2）A.Gift B.Star C.Wish D.Song（3）A.plan B.chance C.mistake D.problem（4）A.frighten B.confuse C.interrupt D.hurt（5）A.ended B.spread C.continued D.developed （6）A.missed B.refused C.supported D.questioned （7）A.carelessly B.blindly C.bravely D.curiously（8）A.get B.make C.expect D.describe14.（填空题，6分）Homemade GiftsThere are plenty of reasons to prepare a homemade gift,from wanting your gifts to be more meaningful to the need to save money.But no matter why you're looking for homemade gift ideas,you've certainly come to the right place!Yogurt Jar （酸奶罐） Candlesfrom SmithDo you like yogurts in glass jars？The jars are too cute to send to therubbish!Recycle them into these shining wish candles.It's a simple and funproject that also makes a great gift.Handprint Apron （围裙）from AliceGrandparents are known to prefer emotional gifs,so making this handprintapron is a wonderful choice!Kids take turns making painted handprints on theapron.It's a practical gift that will make any grandparent smile every time theypull it on.Painted Bottlesfrom FionaI just love these painted bottles,and the person who receives them could usethem in 50 many different ways!They could use them for holding fresh or driedflowers,or as a pencil cup,or just as a cute decoration."Places You've Lived" Mapfrom PeterMaps are a fun way to add colors and interests to your decoration （装饰）!This simple project will help you （or the person you gift it to）remember all the places you've called home in a beautiful and meaningful way.A.Alice.B.Peter.C.Fiona.D.Smith.（2）Why is "Places You've Lived" Map a good choice according to the passage？ ___A.It's the cheapest but most meaningful of all.B.It will help remember all the places called home.C.It can be used for holding fresh or dried flowers.D.It's a simple and fun project that also helps with recycling.（3）Which of the following is made of the recycled material according to the passage？ ___A.The Painted Bottle.B.The Handprint Apron.C.The Yogurt Jar Candle.D.The "Places You've Lived" Map.15.（填空题，6分）When I was growing up,I had an old neighbour named Doctor Gibbs.He didn't look like any other doctor I'd ever known.He never shouted to us for playing in his yard,and was always very kind.When Doctor Gibbs wasn't saving lives,he was planting trees.He had interesting opinions about planting trees.He hardly watered his new trees,which was quite different from others.Once I asked why and he told me that watering plants overprotected them because it made them grow weaker.He said, "Without enough water,they will have to grow deeper roots in order to search for water themselves.Having deeper roots helps them be stronger and live longer.Doctor Gibbs died a couple of years after I left home.Every now and then,I walked by his house and looked at the trees that I'd watched him plant about 25 years ago.They were all tall and strong.I planted a couple of trees myself a few years ago.Two years of caring for these trees meant they grew u weak.Hard environment seemed to benefit Doctor Gibbs' trees in ways comfort never could.When my son was a little baby,my wife and I often wished that his life would be easy.But now I've been thinking that it's time to change our thought.I know he is going to meet with difficulties.There's always a cold wind blowing somewhere.What we need to do is expecting him to have deep roots,so when the rains fall and the winds blow,he won't be beaten.（1）Why did Doctor Gibbs hardly water his new trees？ ___A.He was careless and didn't like taking care of trees.B.He was too busy in saving lives to water them often.C.He believed overprotecting them made them weaker.D.He thought it was enough to give the best wishes to trees.（2）What were the trees planted by Dr Gibbs like after 25 years？ ___A.Tall and strong.B.Short and weak.C.Short but strong.D.Tall but weak.（3）Which is probably the author's wish for his son now？ ___A.Meet people like Dr Gibbs in the future.B.Be lucky and experience less difficulties.C.Stay away from dangerous things in his life.D.Be able to stand the rains and winds in his life.16.（填空题，6分）Chinese Astronaut Bridges Gender （性别） Gap Wang Yaping,a 41-year-old female （女性） astronaut became the first Chinese woman to enter China's space station.China's landmark six-month journey in space has increased a lot of curiosity about the differences between male and female astronauts."Astronauts need to meet high physical and emotional standards,so female astronauts will not be exception （特例） from this expectation," said Pang Zhihao,a spaceflight researcher in Beijing."Different from many people's opinion that it is inconvenient for women to take part in long-term spaceflights,female astronauts actually have many advantages over their male partners in space missions," Pang said.Researches on missions with female members in the past have found many physiological indices （生理指数） in women are better than those in males.They are more likely to stay away from iron poisoning,irregular heartbeat and other illnesses."Women are usually more careful and normally better at communicating.These advantages are useful in space flights.The presence of a female astronaut brings more possibilities for the mission," Pang said,saying he looks forward to Wang's success."This is not only an honor,but also a chance for us to research the various advantages female astronauts have when walking into the space ，" Pang said. "Their generally smaller size is an advantage,as they'll be able to control their weight better and,as a result,perform a wider variety of tasks. "In addition,astronauts often do indoor experiments,and Wang Yaping is not different there." She plans to study aerospace medicine and space life to prepare future female astronauts for long-term stays in space," Pang said,"As part of her mission,she is glad to give her second space-based speech during her stay,encouraging young people to go for their space dreams."In order to provide a comfortable living environment for her journey,Tianzhou 3，a spacecraft carrying supplies to the China space station,has sent some necessary supplies that keep her clean and healthy.A special spacesuit was also prepared for Wang's outdoor activities,lighter than the male's.（1）What can we know about female astronauts from Para.2-6？ ___A.They are worse at communicating than males.B.They can do fewer dangerous tasks than males.C.They have a more proper size than males generally.D.They are more likely to have an illness than males.（2）What does Wang Yaping need to do like male astronauts？ ___A.She gives the second space-based speech.B.She studies Chinese medicine and space life.C.She provides a comfortable living environment.D.She meets high physical and emotional standards.（3）What is the writer's main purpose in writing this passage？ ___A.To stress the importance of sending more female astronauts.B.To discuss the problems that female astronauts probably meet.C.To show the advantages that female astronauts have over males.D.To remind us of the risk of finishing tasks for female astronauts.17.（填空题，8分）If you've decided to read more,you're not alone.However,one of the challenges with books is making time to read them all.In a classic guide How to Read a Book,Mortimer J.Adler and Charles Van Doren provide a solution：Don't try to read all of them,because most of them aren't worth it.You can get the best ideas from most books simply by skimming them.Skimming also prepares you to learn more when you actually read the book. There are two levels of Adler and Van Doren's method of skimming.One includes looking through contents （目录） and conclusions of each chapter and making notes of what you already know or whether this book has information you want to learn.The second is known as speed reading,which is basically reading through a book really fast,just to get a surface-level understanding of it.In order to get knowledge quickly,people try their best to study and take use of skills,but the obsession with reading faster and learning more is not completely right.Reading two books doesn't make a person twice as learned as a person who reads one book twice （ or even once,carefully）.Here's how you can really use skimming to your advantage.Don't feel bad for skimming instead of reading.If the book was any good,it's likely to realize how important it is for you to read the whole thing when you skim the book.When you read for inspiration that you can use to your work,you need to read documents （文件） for your work,or to improve your skills.Then there's no doubt that skimming will be quite useful.When you do find a book you like,don't try to rush through it to the end.Slow down and takenotes.Reread certain parts you don't understand in detail.Connect the book's ideas with other ideas or experiences you have.Skimming is simply a tool to support the overall reading experience.It helps you choose the right thing to read.Learning is not about how many books you read,or even how fast you read.It's about what you get from each of those books.（1）What can we know from Mortimer J.Adler and Charles Van Doren？ ___A.Readers need to connect the book's ideas with theirs.B.It's impossible to read all the books for most readers.C.Skimming helps us to learn more when actually reading.D.We can get the best ideas from books simply by skimming.（2）What does the underlined word "obsession" probably mean？ ___A.The idea which is wrong or untrue.B.The state of being crazy about something.C.The method that people use to solve problems.D.The act of disagreeing with something strongly.（3）According to the passage,readers will ___ by skimming.A.have the best reading experienceB.reread a book as fast as possibleC.feel regretful for reading part of the bookD.judge whether they need to read the whole book（4）What is the passage mainly about？ ___A.The opinions on skimming from different people.B.The importance of reading books fast by skimming.C.The methods of reading uninteresting books by skimming.D.The suggestions of reading books effectively by skimming.18.（问答题，10分）阅读短文，根据短文内容回答问题。
2021-2022学年北京市昌平区七年级(上)期末英语试卷
2021-2022学年北京市昌平区七年级（上）期末英语试卷试题数：16，总分：601.（单选题，0.5分）I often take an English dictionary to school. is useful.（）A.SheB.HeC.ItD.I2.（单选题，0.5分）Liu Wei has no arms he can do lots of things.（）A.butB.andC.soD.or3.（单选题，0.5分）Betty is a tidy girl.She keeps everything her room well.（）A.withB.overC.inD.on4.（单选题，0.5分）-What is your favourite subject？-My favourite subject English.（）A.areB.isC.haveD.has5.（单选题，0.5分）My pet dog always for me at the door every afternoon.（）A.waitB.waitsC.will waitD.is waiting6.（单选题，0.5分） two beautiful parks near my home.（）A.It isB.These areC.There isD.There are7.（填空题，3分）Getting ready for school is very important.Get up right away when your clock first goes off.Brushing your （1）___ （ tooth） and washing your face may help you wake up quickly.Eating a good breakfast can （2）___ （keep） you active for the school day.Take all your school things and smile to yourself and others.A nice day just （3）___ （start）!8.（填空题，4分）I live in an old house.It has three bedrooms and three bathrooms.It also hasa big fireplace.The fireplace keeps the house very（1）___ in winter.It has a kitchen,a dining room and a living room.The living room has a pretty sofa and a big TV.Our living room is our family room.We（2）___ and play games together there.There's a small（3）___ with some beautiful flowers in front of our house.We have a two-car garage （车库）.My mom and dad both drive.I have a bicycle and a skateboard （滑板）.My sister and I are both good skateboarders.We live on a quiet street.It's always（4）___ to come back to our great house after school every day.（1）A.warm B.cold C.clean D.dirty（2）A.drive cars B.cook food C.watch TV D.takeshowers （3）A.bedroom B.bathroom C.street D.garden （4）A.quick B.pleased C.messy D.funny9.（填空题，4分）My school is a super place to go.We have a new（1）___ and all students can play different games there,such as badminton or basketball.There's a nice library.We can read different kinds of（2）___ there.My school also has a wonderful computer lab with skillful （有技术技巧的） teachers that help us to learn everything about computers.I love playing on the computer and（3）___ fun things in the computer lab.All the teachers at my school are very kind and hardworking.Our teachers not only teach us subjects but also prepare （准备） us for living.Our teachers love us,and they make our learning interesting and（4）___ .You can't feel study is difficult at all.I love studying at this school so much.（1）A.school B.classroom C.library D.playground （2）A.rooms B.people C.books D.colors（3）A.learning B.becoming C.cleaning D.giving（4）ual B.easy C.busy D.quiet10.（填空题，6分）I am Justin Zhang and I am twelve years old.Do you like art？Most of my classmates enjoy it.I'd like to introduce the things we use to make art in the class.I enjoy painting very much,and I like painting animals.I often cut apicture of an animal into 3 parts.For each part,I paint with differentcolours.When I put the three parts together,it looks wonderful!I sometimes use clay to make a sun.I can use a knife to cut the clayinto a sun and draw eyes,a nose and a mouth on the sun.Look!The sunis smiling.I think it is really interesting.I often teach my classmates to make Chinese paper-cut.We can cutout different houses with scissors and knife.Then we put on prettydoors and windows.The houses look very beautiful!Colourful paper is good for painting,paper cutting and otherworks.We often share （分享） the paper with each other.We canmake different kinds of art works with it.A.11.B.12.C.13.D.14.（2）What does Justin enjoy very much in the art class？ ___A.Painting.ing clay.C.Paper cutting.D.Colouring.（3）Who does Justin often teach Chinese paper-cut？ ___A.His teachers.B.His classmates.C.His family.D.His friends.11.（填空题，6分）Betty is my best friend.She is a lovely girl with two big,beautiful eyes.But she always hides them behind a pair of black glasses.One day,I nearly end our friendship.I remember that day clearly.We are in the classroom.The teacher gives us our results （结果） for a Chinese test.Mine is not good.I feel so sad that I stay in the classroom alone at lunchtime.Suddenly,Betty comes here. "You look veryunhappy,Emily.What's wrong？" she asks. "Is it because of the exam？Do you want me to show you the right answers？" I look up at her,but I don't want to answer.I know Betty does well in the test.I think she is laughing at me.But she doesn't go right away.When I look up again,she goes away,and so does my exam paper!I don't know what to do.I look everywhere for my paper,but I can't find it.In the afternoon,Betty comes to my desk and gives back the exam paper.When I look at it,I open my eyes big!She writes the right answer with clear reasons nextto each of my mistakes.My face turns red.That afternoon,Betty and I walk home happily together. Now,Betty is still so kind and friendly to me.We are still best friends.I want to thank her because she is always by my side when I need her most.（1）What does Betty look like？ ___A.She is thin with a pair of blue glasses.B.She has short hair with a pair of glasses.C.She has big eyes with a pair of glasses.D.She is very tall with small black eyes.（2）How does Emily feel when she stays in the classroom alone？ ___A.Unusual.B.Unhappy.C.Tired.D.Afraid.（3）Why does Emily open her eyes big when the paper is back？ ___A.Betty comes up with a new exam paper.B.Betty finds the mistakes in the exam paper.C.Betty helps find out the missing exam paper.D.Betty writes the right answers with clear reasons.12.（填空题，6分）Have a look at the picture.It's called a' yurt'.You might ask：•Wh at is a yurt？•How is it like to live in it for a week or two？A yurt comes from Mongolia,Siberia and Turkey.It's a circle-shaped tent made from animal skins.When talking about how big a yurt is,the answer isn't easy because it can be different from small ones for only one or two people right up to large party-sized yurts!Yurts in old days would be smaller because people had to be able to put them up,take them down and then go with them.It's a living or sleeping place at first,but now the use of yurts is for a break time where people can get fun during holidays.Yurts are made out of a wooden framework （木质框架） with animal skins before.These are good to keep people warm,dry and comfortable- -but nowadays yurts change a lot.A modern yurt is made out of canvas （帆布） --but the framework is same.However,as time goes,you may find yurts using different things and ways of building.A yurt holiday can be really great--but you need to make sure you are fully ready for it.It still isn't quite like staying in a hotel after all.◎Make sure you have enough clothing to keep yourself warm.It can get cold at night.◎Don't forget to bring something to light up the midnight.◎Bring things for you to cook outdoors.You may want to have an outdoor campfire.（1）How does the use of a yurt change？ ___A.People first live in it but later go with it.B.People first build it but later take it down.C.People sleep in it for life but now for fun.D.People use it for a break time but now for life.（2）Which of the following mind maps is right for the passage？ ___A.B.C.D.（3）How do you think of living in a yurt for a week？Why do you think so？___13.（填空题，8分）In the US，middle school students have to take four subjects：English,Math,Science and Social Studies,then they can think about the electives,such as music,PE，art,drama and so on.They may get two or three from the list into their timetable.In China,many middle schools start to have the electives ，too.The following ideas can help make a good timetable.CORE CLASSES （for all grades）English Language ArtsMathScienceSocial StudiesELECTIVE CLASSES （select 2）Try new things you may never think about.In this way,you can learn a lot of new things and find the one you really love at last.Some students don't want to take art or PE，because they think they are not good at it or they don't like it.In fact,you should try it yourself to see if it is something you may enjoy.Second,try something musical.Music is another language and it can teach students to think and learn differently.Middle school is a good time for you to learn about your talent on music.You should try to learn some music when you have time to do so and make it a hobby.You can benefit （受益于） from it in the future.Third,try something useful.Most middle school teachers teach some other subjects at the same time.For example,a middle school math teacher may also teach science.Skills and information （信息） you learn in electives can help you learn other subjects.They can even be useful in high school.So you can think about the things you like first,and choose something really useful for you.Choosing electives is not easy as looking at the list.But it can be very important for your study.（1）What does the underlined word " electives" mean in Paragraph 1？ ___A.Subjects that you would like to study.B.Subjects that the teachers get for you.C.Subjects that you try hard to work on.D.Subjects that you have to take and learn.（2）Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage？ ___A.Many students take PE because the teacher is famous.B.High school is the time to know about talents on music.C.Students may find the same teacher for other subjects.D.It is really personal for students to check the timetable.（3）Who is the passage writing to？ ___A.Schools.B.Teachers.C.Parents.D.Students.（4）What is the passage mainly about？ ___A.Ideas for taking school subjects.B.Ideas for meeting a good teacher.C.Ways to find a great middle school.D.Ways to learn about the electives.14.（问答题，10分）Hello!My name's Sam.I'd like to talk about my family rules.Because they make a great life for me and help make what I am today.Some of my family rules are：◎Honesty （诚实）My dad says it's always important to say what really happens （发生）.Sometimes,my parents even test me in different ways about honesty.So they can make sure I am honest.◎KindnessMy family always show love and kindness to others.Even when we do not have much,my parents still give what they have to those who are needy.Mom says the world is like many rivers run into the same sea and you do not know the future.The person you help today may be of help to you tomorrow.◎Education （教育）This is easy to understand because knowledge makes us somebody when we grow up.◎DressPeople say that you are what and how you dress.You may give out others a wrong you when dressing wrongly.So,our dress really matters.（1）What makes Sam's great life？___（2）Why do Sam's parents test his honesty？（3）How does Sam's family show love and kindness to others？___（4）When you dress wrongly,what do you give out others？___（5）Which of Sam's family rules is good for your family？Why？___15.（问答题，10分）题目①学校是充满光明、自由和知识的地方!为更好地了解你在校的学习生活体验与想法，你所在学校的英语社团正面向全校开展以"My Favourite School Day"为题的征文活动。
2020-2021学年北京市昌平区高二(下)期末英语试卷 (1)
2020-2021学年北京市昌平区高二（下）期末英语试卷1.（填空题，15分）Jonathan Bauer is afraid of heights,but that didn't stop him from jumping off a （1）___ to save a little girl's life.On May 2，Bauer and his teenage daughter Ava were （2）___ in a serious five-car crash on the bridge over Maryland Bay.After making sure Ava was okay,Bauer got out of his car to see if anyone needed（3）___ .He saw a girl struggling in the water,her arms moving,legs （4）___ . Searching the water for nearby boats that might be able to help,Bauer found none close by.He yelled to his daughter to bring the first firefighter or doctor she saw.Then he（5）___ took off his shoes and didn't （6）___ to jump off.He swam to the girl,lifted her over his shoulder and patted her back until she started to cough.Moments later,doctors arrived.After pulling Bauer and the girl to safety,they（7）___ the pair to hospital.When the girl got proper treatment,Bauer quietly walked away without asking for（8）___ for his brave actions.Even after the report of the incident went（9）___ ，he still tried to keep quiet,preferring to remain an unknown Samaritan （好心人）.Jonathan is truly a（n）（10）___ hero and that's what makes this even more special than it already was.（1）A.car B.boat C.bridge D.bus（2）A.saved B.stuck C.examined D.recognized （3）A.recovery B.understanding C.attention D.help（4）A.kicking B.lifting C.stretching D.crossing （5）A.slowly B.simply C.gradually D.carefully （6）A.hesitate B.manage C.intend D.regret（7）A.directed B.followed C.forced D.rushed （8）A.permission B.preparation C.appreciation D.suggestion （9）A.wrong B.public C.rare D.special （10）A.energetic B.honest C.humble D.cautious 2.（填空题，15分）ABorn in Pakistan in 1997，Malala lived a quiet life until 2009，when a terrorist group（1）___ （take） control of her village.They didn't allow girls（2）___ （go） to school,but Malala didn't agree.She wouldn't give up her （3）___ （educate） and started to write a blog against the group.She also spoke publicly about children's rights.In 2014，Malala won the Nobel Peace Prize（4）___ the age of 17 for her bravery and struggles for children's rights.BNature has its own way to forecast the weather.Unusual animal behavior,for example,can indicate whether it's cold weather on the way or a hot period.If fish are jumping（5）___ （high）than usual,it may rain.It is also said （6）___ dogs avoiding the beach may be a sign that a tsunami is approaching.Of course, （7）___ these things may suggest something bad is going to happen,they won't tell us when and where.So,for reliable prediction,it's best to check an official,scientific report.CProfessor Mayer,recognized as a leading expert in the study of people's EQs,recently announced the results of a study on senior secondary school students.When students were introduced to those（8）___ had disabilities,they found that,afterwards,the non-disabled students were more willing to help people with difficulties.（9）___ （compare） to students who had not been in the study,they also showed a better understanding of the disable students' feelings.There was also an obvious change in the disabled students' attitude.They （10）___ （become） more positive about life and more willing to try new things.3.（填空题，6分）An electric toothbrush may have once been quite the investment,but that's no longer the case.These gadgets can do wonders for your oral health and are more affordable than ever-especially during this early Black Friday ing the coupon code we provide,you can knock an extra 15% off the sale price of every item at lease on this list to get a dentist-quality toothbrush for a bargain.Platinum Sonic Toothbrush and UV Sanitizing Charging BaseIf you don't plan on bringing your brush on trips often,choose this version that comes with a UV sanitizing charging base instead.At 40，000 strokes per minute,you can achieve next-level clean with the Platinum Sonic which comes with two brush heads,and features three brushing modes.Add the code SAVE15 NOV at checkout to drop the price down to just ＄42.49（regularly ＄259）.AquaSonic Brush Monsters AR ToothbrushYour kids will actually have fun brushing their teeth with this AquaSonic Brush Monsters AR Toothbrush.It's the first toothbrush to combine reality through an easy-to-use educational app.By brushing daily,your kids will save the "Monster Family" from the bad Green Mold.Get itfor ＄22.94（regularly ＄299）with the coupon code SAVE15 NOV.IONPA DH：Home ION Power Electric ToothbrushThe IONPA DH Electric Toothbrush's advanced technology breaks the bond between your saliva and plaque,making it easier to brush away.It feature 26，000 brush strokes perminute,and a smart timer for better brush habits.Get it for ＄39.94（regularly ＄59）with the code SAVE15 NOV.IONPA DM：Portable Ionic Electric ToothbrushIf you're looking for something portable and easy to carry,you can't go wrong with the IONPA DM Toothbrush.Despite is small size,it still feature 22，000 stokes per ing the coupon code SAVE15 NOV，you can get it for ＄28.04（regularly ＄39）.（1）Platinum Sonic Toothbrush is special for its ___ .A.small sizeB.smart timercational appD.three brushing modes（2）People going for traveling very often are more likely to choose the ___ toothbrush.A.Platinum SonicB.IONPA DMC.AquaSonicD.IONPA DH（3）The purpose of this passage is to ___ .A.share a technologyB.promote the productspare the brushesD.introduce a coupon code4.（填空题，6分） Blake Mycoskie is a businessman.He set up his first business when he was still at college.Three mote businesses later,still only 29 year old and feeling a little burned out from work,Mycoskie decided to take a break for a while,and headed down to Argentina for some rest and relaxation.But rest isn't really part of a businessman's make-up,and it wasn't long before Mycoskie had hit on another idea,one that would come to define him as perhaps the world's best-known social businessman.On a visit to a village,he was shocked to see that many of the children didn't have any shoes；or if they did,the shoes were badly worn.Since shoes-particularly the local farmers' canvas（帆布）shoe,the alpargata-are relatively cheap in Argentina,Mycoskie's first idea was to set up a charity to donate shoes to the children.But after giving it some thought,he realized that this probably wouldn't work：the shoes would quickly wear out,and if he asked people to donate repeatedly every time more shoes were needed,their sympathy for the cause might also soon wear out.So he came up with the idea of TOMS：One for One shoes.He would take the alpargata to America,produce it,and sell it as a high-end fashion item at around ＄50 a pair.Quite a lot for a canvas shoe you might say,but for each pair he sold,another pair would be donated to village children.That way he could guarantee a continuing supply and also run the project as a business rather than as a charity.His plan was carried out and soon his product was getting high satisfaction ratings from customers.Ten years on and with revenues of ＄392 million a year,the business is developing,supplying shoes not only to children in Argentina but also other parts of the world. But is the one-or-one model repeatable with other products？TOMS is a for-profit business,but for a long time it didn't show a profit.Now he is conscious that "giving" alone is not the answer,and that educating people to improve their own lives is the real key.Yet he still loves TOMS：On for One,calling it his "greatest hit".And why shouldn't he？It has made a difference to million of poor children around the world and brought him great satisfaction.（1）Blake Mycoskie went to Argentina just to ___ .A.take a short breakB.do a voluntary workC.meet the local peopleD.set up a new business（2）Mycoskie helped the local children by ___ .A.calling on people to donateB.designing a new type of shoesC.running a One for One shoes projectD.replacing the worn-out shoes with new one（3）According to the passage,which words can best describe Mycoskie？ ___A.Brave and generous.B.Creative and caring.C.Talented and outgoing.D.Independent and calm.5.（填空题，8分）Preparing for a job interview can be stressful：what do you wear？What questions will they ask you？Not to mention that,no matter how much you prepare,your interviewer's first impression of you could be tarnished the moment you say a single word.Surprisingly,the word is not "like" or "honestly"（though you should probably be careful about those,too）.The word is "actually".Used properly,the word "actually" represents a contradiction.For instance,take the famous movie line "love actually is all around"：the speaker is contradicting those who think that it's not.It can also be used to justify something："That movie was awful,huh？""Actually,I really liked it."You may wonder what harm a commonly used word like that could possibly do.However,we often don't use it that way.When used a certain way,saying "actually" can instantly make you seem less says that we use it as a "crutch word," a word "that we slip into sentences in order to give ourselves more time to think." Since using it this way adds emphasis rather than meaning,it automatically suggests that whatever you're saying can't stand on its own.Southern Living claims that the word makes listeners "subconsciously ....question if there's more unspoken information."Take this example：imagine you're in a job interview,and your interviewer asks,"What was your last full-time job？" You reply,"I actually worked at Reader's Digest." The word doesn't contradict or justify anything in the question,so there's no reason for you to say it at all.And it's not just job interviews：Southern Living suggests that you stay away from this word completely.If you're not using it to actively contradict something,and it's just adding meaningless stuff to your sentence,avoid it.No longer relying on a "crutch word"，your statement will have more attraction.（1）The underlined word "tarnished" in paragraph 1 means ___ .A.correctedB.improvedC.damagedD.ignored（2）When you use "actually"，interviewers tend to think you ___ .A.have no words to sayB.need more time to thinkC.may be more dependableD.may hide some information（3）What's the Southern Living's attitude to using the word "actually"？ ___A.Disapproving.B.Fearful.C.Supportive.D.Uncertain.（4）Which is a proper used of "actually" in a job interview according to the passage？ ___A. ---Why do you chose our company？---Actually because of your good reputation.B.---How do you describe your personality？---Actually I'm responsible and cooperative.C.---What do you expect from the job？---Actually I hope to get more experience.D.---What do you think of being a nurse？---Actually I love it though some think it's tiring.6.（填空题，8分）Even if we used to know the truth,our brains can start repeating false information that is against the facts.Our brains are wired to believe information automatically- even if it's false-because it helps us learn efficiently."In many instances it's a useful skill for us to accept what people tell us,because often what people tell us is true," says David Rapp,PhD，a psychology and education professor at Northwestern University in Illinois us.When we hear new information,those fresh facts don't override what we already knew before.Instead,both the new and old information live together in our minds.A few factors determine which one we'll draw on when the situation comes up.Oftentimes,we'll quote（引用）the information we heard most recently-even if it's wrong.Because they re fresher in our minds,short-term memories are easier for our brains to access than facts we heard longer ago.We'd have to think back further to remember previous knowledge,so people will often ignore those facts in favour of new inaccurate information,says Dr Rapp,who recently published an article on recalling inaccurate information in the journal Current Directions in Popular Science."Previous knowledge isn't difficult to recall,but it isn't as readily available," he says.We are also used to buying into the facts that seem more believable.Often,this means they fit better with what we want to believe,which could explain why people quote such different facts in political debates."Both candidates said something that was objectively true or not,but peoplewould ignore that information and go with their hopes,wishes,or preferences because it goes along with what they hope to be true," says Dr Rapp.You're especially unlikely to bother thinking critically about information when you're reading for pleasure,like with a novel or a WeChat status,because your brain is in the mindset of relaxing,not keeping an eye out for falsehood,says Dr Rapp.With all that potentially false information overload,it's worth putting in the extra effort to double-check information that strikes you as doubtful.Seek out reliable sources that back up what they say with data,quotes and other evidence,says Dr Rapp."With the ease that we can look things up on the internet,there's no reason not to," he says.（1）According to the passage,when we get new information, ___ .A.our mind evaluates its reliabilityB.our previous knowledge is replacedC.it says together with previous knowledgeD.we still believe in our previous knowledge（2）What can we learn from the passage？ ___A.People mind accuracy when they read for pleasure.B.We vote for a candidate because what he says is true.C.Our short-term memory is more reliable when we quote.D.Believing what people tell us often improves learning efficiency.（3）What does the author intend to tell us in the last paragraph？ ___A.The methods of dealing with doubtful information.B.The results of believing in false information.C.The effect of overloaded information.D.The source of right information.（4）Which of the following is the best title for the passage？ ___A.Where do we find reliable information？B.How do we choose proper information？C.Why do we remember false information？D.Whether should we believe fresh information？7.（填空题，10分）Those of us who can work from home are video chatting a lot.If you've got questions,I've got answers.If your laptop gets loud or hot while chatting,remove any accessories and close applications. （1）___ On some devices,they can cause temperatures to rise.It's good to close any unnecessary browser tabs.（2）___ You might be muted,so unmute yourself.If you have a wireless headset or Bluetooth ear buds,make sure they're turned on and paired.Neck hurts have sore eyes？Raise your laptop.（3）___ .Lift up your laptop on books or a book stand.Drink wine？Use two corks to lift the back corners of your computer.Face the light.Make sure your window or lamp is in front of your face.What is Zoom bombing and how do I stop it？There are a few effective ways for a host to avoid interruptions.First,in Settings or when you create a new meeting,choose to generate automatically.Don't use your Personal Meeting ID，with which anyone with your unique 10-digit number could join at any time.And always require a meeting passcode.Very important：（4）___ In the meeting,tap the Share Screen button and select Advanced Sharing.Once the meeting has started and everybody you invited is in,you can lock the room from the More menu. Why do I look terrible on these calls？It's probably because you haven't gotten a haircut or put on makeup in a few weeks.For a quick fix,enable Touch Up My Appearance,which gives your video a silky,soft skin smoothing focus.How do I hide my messy house from co-workers？Easy：When you're in a meeting,click on the down arrow next to the Start/Stop Video icon and select Choose VirtualBackground.Download some fun meme-inspired backdrops at zoom .Just be aware,it doesn't work with all computers and operating-system versions.My audio or video won't work.In preference,click on the Video tab to preview your picture. （5）___ .Before hosting or joining a meting,test your audio and video at /test.A.Chin down isn't a good look.B.Can't be heard or can't hear anyone？C.Can't find a quiet place to work or study？D.Try disconnecting external displays or charger.E.You may put your possessions in a quite dangerous situation.F.Make sure you are the only person who can share your screen.G.In the Audio tab,you can choose your preferred microphone source and speaker.8.（问答题，12分）It is normal to feel worried and stressed during an exam period.Exams show progress,and failing could mean falling behind in the same course or subject.That is why most people can understand your anxiety around the exam period.However,too much worrying could be the start of failure.Here are some tips to help you stay positive.From attending classes to completing homework,the period leading to an exam is always a difficult process.This is why preparing well for the exam is key to ensure your efforts do not gofruitless.Going through practice questions beforehand never disappoints for any exam.For example,if you are a physician preparing for the USMLE exam,you could check for the USMLE practice questions before the real exam time just to familiarize yourself with the exam.By so doing,you are more guided on how and where exactly to review.Although some exam are important and could determine the future of your academic life,it cannot determine your whole life.You might have done a thorough revision but sill,the first paper ended up extremely tough for you.At this point,you can only keep a hopeful mind that the next one will be easier and that you will do better.It can be rally motivating for you to know that you have something positive coming up right after going through a difficult exam time.Being able to plan for a trip or buy yourself a gift after an exam is awesome enough.The fact that you are able to face the exams should be encouraging enough and you should appreciate yourself for it.Exams times are temporary（暂时的）and they are usually for a good course.In any case,you will only be dealing with the exams for a short time and so you should put all your time and energy there.（1）According to the passage,why is it understandable to be anxious around the exam period？___（2）What does the author advise us to do when the first paper is rather difficult？ ___（3）Please decide which part is false in the following statement,then underline it and explain why.✧It is encouraging for you to know that something good will happen when you achieve expected results. ___（4）Please briefly present your ways to stay positive during an exam period. （In about 40 words） ___9.（问答题，20分）假设你是红星中学高二学生李华，请你写封邮件，邀请你校外教John Smith参加你校中华传统文化艺术节的开幕式。
2020-2021学年北京市昌平区九年级(上)期末英语试卷
2020-2021学年北京市昌平区九年级（上）期末英语试卷1.（单选题，3分）Mr.Wang is a friendly teacher,we all like ________ very much.（）A.herB.himC.them2.（单选题，3分）The famous basketball player,Yao Ming,joined the be NBA ________ 2002.（）A.atB.inC.toD.from3.（单选题，3分）J K.Rowling lived a hard life ________ she didn't give up writing.（）A.andB.soC.butD.because4.（单选题，3分）—Mum,can I play with my dog for a while？—Sorry,you ________.You should finish your homework first.（）A.can'tB.needn'tC.mustn'tD.wouldn't5.（单选题，3分）The time when I lived in the county was one of ________ periods in my life.（）A.happyB.happierC.the happiestD.happily6.（单选题，3分）— ________ do you help in the Children's House,Betty？— Twice a month.（）A.How soonB.How longC.How farD.How often7.（单选题，3分）Listen!Jack ________ beautifully in the music classroom.（）A.is singingB.are singingC.was singingD.will be singing8.（单选题，3分）Our family will go hiking if it ________ tomorrow.（）A.doesn't rainB.didn't rainC.won't rainD.isn't raining9.（单选题，3分）Emily ________ to learn English when she was 8 years old.（）A.has begunB.beganC.beginsD.begin10.（单选题，3分）I ________ ten English novels since I joined the English reading club.（）A.readsB.readC.have readD.will read11.（单选题，3分）The first mobile phone ________ in April,1973 by Martin Lawrence Cooper.（）A.inventB.inventedC.is inventedD.was invented12.（单选题，3分）—Do you know ________ five years ago？—Yes.He lived in Shanghai.（）A.where does he liveB.where he liveC.where did he liveD.where he lived13.（填空题，8分）How school plays make a differenceEveryone remembers their first time on stage.The school play is the first time most of us experience doing drama.It's the first chance to both test your acting skills and build up your self-confidence. Although I have been deeply interested in acting from a very young age,I haven't got a（1）___ to actually act on stage.That's why I was so nervous for the play Charlie and the Chocolate Factory in my first year of school.After studying all the characters in the play,I chose Veruca Salt.Disappointingly,I only got a（2）___ with no lines.I didn't say a word at all.However,this was my first performance on stage,I still remember the feelings I had when the lights went down and I noticed that many people were there to watch. After that,I decided to（3）___ any difficulty next time.I did well in reading aloud in class and I knew I had to take good advantage of that.So when the chance of the play Pinnochio came,I made up my mind to be the narrator（旁白）.As I stood in front of the teachers,I was so（4）___ again when I realized I was the only girl going for the part.But after the boys before me couldn't finish their lines,it was my time to get right.I stepped forward,took a deep breath and went for it.I did it!I will never（5）___ the moment I stood in the bright light with everyone's attention.I even remember thebeautiful dress my mom made me to（6）___ while narrating.Black with heavy gold thread （线） running through it,it made me look super and smart. Recently,I watched the play The Snow White at the National Theatre.The joy on the faces of the little actors and actresses was（7）___ .For those young students who act in school plays,they build up strong confidence,a great power of learning and even a beautiful dream to be a real actor or actress in the future. That's why the black and gold（8）___ still hangs in my old bedroom.And I have to be honest,it did look great in the light.（1）A.chance B.time C.moment D.period（2）A.page B.role C.voice D.word（3）A.experience B.imagine C.overcome D.remember（4）A.pleased B.nervous C.lucky D.angry（5）A.count B.repeat C.forget D.catch（6）A.wear B.show C.see D.think（7）A.public B.serious C.right D.clear（8）A.light B.face C.thread D.dress14.（填空题，6分）Body language is an important social skill to show what we want to share.It can make your words clearer and help get better results.There are many kinds of body language.They mean different things. Facial expressions We can show a lot of feelings with our faces,likehappiness,sadness,surprise,excitement,fear and so on.They are almost the same in different cultures.They can help us decide if we can trust a person,or make them trust us. Gestures Gestures are the signs we make with our hands while talking,People use them mostly when trying to make a point or argue withothers.However,some gestures can mean different things in different cultures.So you should be really careful with them. Movement Movement is the way people walk,stand,sit,or hold their head.And when people talk with others,they also need to shake hands or hug them.They can tell a lot of information.They show people's manner,behavior,character and level of education. Eye contact This is the way you look at someone.How much eye contact you make can tell a lot of things about you and what you are trying to say.But remember not to stare（盯）at others all the time.It will make them feel upset.（1）Which body language is almost the same in different cultures？ ___ A.Facial expressions.B.Gestures.C.Movement.D.Eye contact.（2）When do we mostly use gestures？ ___ A.When we show feelings with our faces.B.When we try to make a point.C.When we shake hands with others.D.When we look at others,（3）How will people feel if we stare at them all the time？ ___A.Happy.B.Fearful.C.Excited.D.Upset.15.（填空题，6分）The usual way of showing one's love is expressing it with words,but my dad is different.He's the one who cared so much for me and showed love in so many other ways than the usual ways of other adults. In my earlier years I would wake my dad up and say, "Dad,I'm hungry.Could you make me something to eat" "Sure,what a question.How about a piece of steak and some eggs？" He would answer happily. "Well,I'm not sure,it would be too much trouble," He would say without listening to my stomach. "No worries," would be his reply with joy,as he always answered me that way. Sunday is my dad's only rest day but he would come up to me and say."How about a game of cricket？""Yes,Dad!That will be great," I would reply happily.On the days when he was too tired to play,he would still say, "Yeah,sure!I'll play." My Mom would come and call me to the side and explain that my Dad was just too tired to play but could not say no to me.He always had and has time for me. As time flew by I started to become a teenager with independence and whatseemed to me as a childish game over food became a stupid idea.On the days he didn't work he would come to me. "Give Dad a smile," he would say encouragingly. "Dad,at the moment I can't smile." I would say. "Please.Just one smile and then I won't ask again," he would playfully.Looking at his funny face.I couldn't help smiling. I wrote this to thank my dad.The one who would make me food late at night when I was too tired to do so.The one who would sit by my bed in my time of greatest need.The one who couldn't say no to his son.（1）How did the writer's dad show his love？ ___ A.By expressing it with words.B.By expressing it with gifts.C.By showing it with unusual ways.D.By showing it with many games.（2）When is Dad's rest day？ ___ A.On Saturday.B.On Sunday.C.The cricket day.D.The smiling day.（3）What kind of person is his dad？ ___ A.Caring butlonely.B.Funny but worried.C.Caring and patient.D.Funny and silent.16.（填空题，6分）Ever since the invention of the e-reader came into being,book-lovers everywhere have been debating which is better — the e-book or the traditional paper book.Can the prices of paper books compete with the low prices of e-books？Does the convenience of e-books compare with the feeling of a real book in your hands？ When I was young,I really loved reading paper books.With the rapid development of the technology,e-books have become very popular.As a result,I personally enjoy both with many good reasons. （1）E-books are more convenient to carry around. If you're like me,before going on a vacation,the hardest part packing may be choosing what books to bring.Your suitcase can only hold some of the books you like.What if you finish those before your vacation is over？Or what if you get bored with them and want to read something else？With an e-reader,you never have to worry about these kinds of problems,which carries around thousands of books all on a device that weights than a pound. （2）E-books are more effectively to read. Since e-books can show the words in different sizes and even read the books to us,it has the advantage for people who might have a hard time reading or people with poor eyesight.People can also choose how many words to display on one line or how much space there is between lines according to their personal preferences.This allows those with reading disabilities to read more effectively. （3）Paper books help with readers' understanding. Though e-books may be easier and faster to read,studies show paper books are better for understanding.According to a study by James Madison University,readers are more likely to skim e-books than paper books,which leads to less understanding of the content.Paper books allow readers to read slowly and deeply which give readers more chances to think over and understand more. （4）Paper books help with readers' sleep. Studies also show the light from some e-books causes sleeping problems.The bright screens of e-readers can cause people to take longer to fall asleep or in some cases insomnia.Paper books don't cause these problems.So,if you' re a person who can't easily fall asleep or has problems with insomnia,paper books have the advantage. In a word,both e-books and paper books have their advantages.So,as for the beginning question,"Which is better — the e-book or the traditional paper book？I don't think there's a right answer.As for me,I say,why not both？（1）What can we learn from the passage？ ___ A.E-books help readers solve the problem of packing by displaying more words on one line.B.E-books help readers with reading disabilities by showing more interesting storybooks.C.Paper books help readers understand more by giving readers more chances to think.D.Paper books help readers with sleeping problems by wider space between lines.（2）What does the underlined word "insomnia" mean？ ___ A.An inability to sleep.B.An inability to wake up.C.An ability to sleep.D.An ability to wake up.（3）Which of the following will the writer mostly take on vacation？ ___ A.Somepaper books that are easier to finish.B.One thick paper book to keep his vacation longer.C.An e-reader to keep away from boring chatting.D.Both an e-reader and his favorite paper books.17.（填空题，8分）Dogs have an amazing talent for understand human social behavior,and they can take actions upon human orders,but what if they are given instructions not by real humans but by humanoid robots that behave like humans？Will dogs obey the robot's orders？ At the International Conference on Human Robot Interaction2020.Researchers at Yale University's Social Robotics Lab tested how dogs responded to instructions from robots.A group of 34 dogs participated in the experiment,and each dog was tested with either a speaker or a human-like robot in a room.After a brief introduction to the testing environment,the robot or speaker called the dog's name,using the same voice.Then the robot or speaker would give a "sit" order,which was the real test. Results of the experiments showed that the dogs paid more attention to the robot than the speaker.Dogs obeyed the "sit" order over 60% of the time when it came from the robot,but less than 20% of the time when it came from the speaker,even if they did look a bit confused about the whole thing at times. While these results are certainly interesting,it's important to answer the question of whether dogs could respond to a social robot at all.The researchers were giving the dogs a great opportunity.For example,the dogs' owners were instructed to interact with the robot,talking to it and making eye contact,to help encourage the dogs to see the robot as friendly and make the anxiety less while also drawing attention to the robot.However,they haven' t discovered what factors （因素） might increase or decrease that likelihood. "Since dogs are very sensitive to human social cues （暗示），the robot being humanoid or not may make a difference,lead researcher Meiying Qin said. "Yet,if a non-humanoid robot behaves like a dog or shows any social behaviors,dogs may also respond in a social manner." "Now that we have evidence that dogs do respond to social robots,the next step is to figure out what we haven't discovered yet," added Meiying Qin. "Humanoid robot,which is one of the greatest invention in the 20th century,is the advanced representation of robot technique." Some people may question the value of making social robots for pets.Dogs aren't the only animals that robots interact with,of course the larger idea is that by studying how dogs behave toward social robots relative to humans,it can help us understand bow social robots affect our own behavior,too.（1）Paragraph 2 is mainly about ___ .A.how the test was performedB.what was found in the testC.why the scientists did the testD.who took part in the test（2）The researcher later will probably focus on ___ .A.human orders given to dogsB.factor to affect dog's responseC.robot technique to developD.social robots designed for pets（3）We can learn from the experiment that ___ .A.dogs seldom obey the order from a humanoid robotB.dogs pay less attention to a mechanical-looking robotC.dogs can pay more attention to owners' voice in the speakerD.dogs can understand the social meanings from machines（4）The lead researcher Meiying Qin probably agrees that ___ .A.humanoid robots can influence humans' behaviorsB.it is worthless to design advanced robots for animalsC.robots will take the place of humans to look after petsD.humans don't respond socially to non-humanoid robots18.（填空题，10分）In 2016，Lang Ping became the first in volleyball history to win an Olympic gold medal both as a player and a coach.Because it's unusual for an outstanding athlete to be an excellent coach as well,she is thought to be China's Michael Jordan. Born from a poor family in Tianjin in 1960，she didn't get very much to eat.Life took a lucky turn in middle school.Since she enjoyed sports a lot,at the age of 13，she joined her school volleyball team.Volleyball suited her.She became famous because of her powerful arm movement.Thenin 1978，at just 18，Lang joined China's first women's national volleyball team.She became the captain in 1984 for her good performance.The team fought on the world stage,winning the FIVB 1981 Women's World Cup and the World Championships of 1982. After that,Lang Ping stayed on as an assistant （助理）coach.This was more of a challenge.She thinks being a coach is different from being a player. "As a player,all you need to think about is producing your best performance on the court.But as a coach you have to consider the players,training,competition and even factors off the court that may help or harm the team." she once said in an interview. She retired as a player in 1986.After a few years,she rejoined the Chinese team as a coach with a set of goals.First,to make China the leading Asian team in the world rankings.Second,to get a medal at the Rio Olympics.From these simple goals came great results. Her story is now being told through a movie,Leap,with famous Chinese actress Gong Li playing the role of her.For the Chinese,she's much more than just a volleyball ng Ping's example will no doubt be a guiding light for years to come. "No matter what challenges you face,do your best," she has said. "Believe in the power of hard work.Success will surely belong to those who never give up. " It's because of her that the "women's volleyball team spirit" is remembered by the nation.It's a mindset that made Lang a national hero and China No.1 in the world rankings for Women's volleyball.（1）Why is Lang Ping thought to be China's Michael Jordan？___ （2）When did Lang Ping join China's first women's national volleyball team？___ （3）What does Lang Ping think of being a coach？___ （4）How is her story being told to the world now？___ （5）What might be the title of this passage？___19.（问答题，10分）著名哲学家弗朗西斯•培根在《论读书》一文中写到：读书足以怡情，足以博彩，足以长才。
北京市昌平区2020-2021学年九年级上学期期末英语试题(解析版)
昌平区2020-2021学年第一学期期末考试初三英语试卷2021.1一、单项填空1. Mr. Wang in a friendly teacher, we all like ________ very much.A. herB. himC. themD. us【答案】B【解析】【分析】【详解】句意：王先生在一个友好的老师。
我们都很喜欢他。
考查代词辨析。
her她，宾格或她的，形容词性物主代词；him他，宾格；them他们，宾格；us我们，宾格。
根据“Mr. Wang”可知王先生是一位男老师，所以用人称代词单数形式him，作动词like的宾语，故选B。
2. The famous basketball player, Yao Ming, joined the be NBA ________ 2002.A. atB. inC. toD. from【答案】B【解析】【分析】【详解】句意：著名篮球运动员姚明于2002年加入NBA。
考查介词辨析。
at用于时间的某一点或某个时刻；in用于较长的的时间，如年、月、季节等；to朝，向；from 来自，从。
根据“2020”可知“在2020年”，所以用介词in，故选B。
3. J.K. Rowling lived a hard life ________ she didn’t give up writing.A. and B. so C. but D. because 【答案】C 【解析】【分析】【详解】句意：J.K.罗琳过着艰苦的生活，但她没有放弃写作。
考查并列连词辨析。
and和，表示顺承的并列连词；so因此，表示因果关系的并列连词；but但是，表示转折关系的并列连词；because因为，从属连词，引导原因状语从句。
根据“lived a hard life”和“didn’t give up writing”，可知上下句属于转折关系，所以用but，故选C。
4. —Mum, can I play with my dog for a while?—Sorry, you ________. You should finish your homework first.A. can’tB. needn’tC. mustn’tD. wouldn't【答案】A【解析】【分析】【详解】句意：——妈妈，我可以和我的狗玩一会儿吗？——对不起，你不可以。
2021-2022学年北京昌平区初三第一学期数学期末试卷及答案
2021-2022学年北京昌平区初三第一学期数学期末试卷及答案一、选择题（本题共8道小题，每小题2分，共16分）下面各题均有四个选项，其中只有一个是符合题意的1. 已知∠A 为锐角，且sinA ＝，那么∠A 等于（ ） 12A. 15°B. 30°C. 45°D. 60° 【答案】B【解析】【详解】试题分析：∵∠A 为锐角，sinA=，∴∠A=30°．故选B ．12考点：特殊角的三角函数值．2. 已知，则下列各式正确的是（ ）34(0)a b ab =≠A. B. C. D. 43a b =34a b =34a b =43=a b 【答案】A【解析】【分析】直接利用分式的基本性质即可得到的值，再进行选择即可． a b【详解】，等式两边同时除以3b ．34a b =得：． 34a b =故选：A ．【点睛】本题考查分式的基本性质，灵活运用分式的基本性质进行变形是解答本题关键．3. 抛物线y ＝x 2﹣2的顶点坐标是（ ）A. （0，﹣2）B. （﹣2，0）C. （0，2）D. （2，0） 【答案】A【解析】【分析】已知抛物线的解析式满足顶点坐标式的形式，直接写出顶点坐标2()y a x h k =-+即可．【详解】解：∵抛物线，22y x =-∴抛物线的顶点坐标是（0，-2），22y x =-故选A ．【点睛】本题考查了二次函数的性质，解题的关键是熟记二次函数的性质．4. 已知反比例函数的图象经过点，则的值为（ ） k y x =(2,3)A k A.B. C. D.3456【答案】D【解析】 【分析】将（2，3）代入解析式中即可.【详解】解：将点（2，3）代入解析式得， ，k ＝6． 32k =故选:D【点睛】此题考查的是求反比例系数解析式,掌握用待定系数法求反比例函数解析式是解决此题的关键.5. 如图，AD 是△ABC 的外接圆⊙O 的直径，若∠BCA＝50°，则∠BAD＝（ ）A. 30°B. 40°C. 50°D. 60°【答案】B【解析】 【分析】根据圆周角定理推论：直径所对圆周角为直角、同圆中等弧所对圆周角相等即可得到结论．【详解】解：是的外接圆的直径，AD ABC ∆O 点，，，在上，∴A B C D O ，50BCA ∠=︒ ，50ADB BCA ∴∠=∠=︒是的外接圆的直径，AD ABC ∆O ，90ABD ∴∠=︒，905040BAD \Ð=°-°=°故选：．B 【点睛】本题考查了三角形的外接圆与外心，圆周角定理，由圆周角定理得到，是解题的关键．50ADB ∠=︒90ABD ∠=︒6. 如图，面积为18的正方形ABCD 内接于⊙O，则⊙O 的半径为（ ）A. 32C. 3D.【答案】C【解析】 【分析】连接OA 、OB ，则为等腰直角三角形，由正方形面积为18，可求边长为OAB ，进而通过勾股定理，可得半径为3．2=18AB 【详解】解：如图，连接OA ，OB ，则OA=OB ，∵四边形ABCD 是正方形，∴，90AOB ∠=︒∴是等腰直角三角形，OAB ∵正方形ABCD 的面积是18，∴，2=18AB ∴，即：222+18OA OB AB ==2218OA =∴3OA =故选C ．【点睛】本题考查了正多边形和圆、正方形的性质等知识，构造等腰直角三角形是解题的关键．7. 关于二次函数y=-（x -2）2＋3，以下说法正确的是（ ）A. 当x ＞-2时，y 随x 增大而减小B. 当x ＞-2时，y 随x 增大而增大C. 当x ＞2时，y 随x 增大而减小D. 当x ＞2时，y 随x 增大而增大【答案】C【解析】【分析】由抛物线解析式可求得开口方向、对称轴、顶点坐标，可求得答案．【详解】解：∵，2--23y x =（）＋∴抛物线开口向下，对称轴为x=2，顶点坐标为（2，3），∵二次函数的图象为一条抛物线，当x ＞2时，y 随x 的增大而减小，x ＜2时，y 随x 增大而增大∴C 正确，故选：C ．【点睛】本题主要考查二次函数的性质，掌握二次函数的顶点式是解题的关键，即在y=a （x-h ）2+k 中，对称轴为x=h ，顶点坐标为（h ，k ）．8. 如图，在平面直角坐标系中，⊙O 的半径为2，与x 轴，y 轴的正半轴分别交于点xOyA ，B ，点C （1，c ），D ，d ），E （e ，1），P （m ，n ）均为上的点（点P 不与点A ， ABB 重合），若m ＜n ，则点P 的位置为（ ）A. 在上B. 在上C. 在上D. 在 BCCD DE EA上【答案】B【解析】【分析】先由勾股定理确定出各点坐标，再利用m ＜n 判断即可.【详解】点C 、D 、E 、P 都在上，AB由勾股定理得：，，，∴22212c +=2222d +=22212e +=解得，c =d =e =故，D ），E 1），CP （m ，n ），m ＜n m ，且m 在上，点C 的横坐标满足，点D 纵坐标满足 AB c c y =，d d x y =从点D 到点C 的弧上的点满足：，∴x y <<故点P 在上. CD故选：B【点睛】此题考查勾股定理和圆的基本性质，掌握相应的定理和性质是解答此题的关键.二、填空题（本题共8道小题，每小题2分，共16分）9. 请写出一个 开口向下，并且与y 轴交于点（0,1）的抛物线的表达式_________【答案】（答案不唯一）221y x x =-++【解析】【分析】根据二次函数的性质，抛物线开口向下a<0，与y 轴交点的纵坐标即为常数项，然后写出即可．【详解】∵抛物线开口向下，并且与y 轴交于点（0,1）∴二次函数的一般表达式中，a<0，c=1，2y ax bx c =++∴二次函数表达式可以为：（答案不唯一）.221y x x =-++【点睛】本题考查二次函数的性质，掌握开口方向、与y 轴的交点与二次函数二次项系数、常数项的关系是解题的关键.10. 已知⊙O 的半径为5cm ，圆心O 到直线l 的距离为4cm ，那么直线l 与⊙O 的位置关系是__．【答案】相交【解析】【分析】由题意得d<r ，根据直线与圆的位置关系的判定方法判定即可．【详解】解：∵⊙O 的半径为5cm ，圆心O 到直线l 的距离为4cm ，∴d<r，∴直线l 与⊙O 的位置关系是相交．故答案为相交．【点睛】本题考查了直线与圆的位置关系．已知⊙O 的半径为r ，如果圆心O 到直线l 的距离是d ，当d>r 时，直线与圆相离；当d=r 时，直线与圆相切；当d<r 时，直线与圆相交．11. 若扇形的圆心角为60°，半径为2，则该扇形的弧长是_____（结果保留）π【答案】 23π【解析】【分析】已知扇形的圆心角为，半径为2，代入弧长公式计算．60︒【详解】解：依题意，n=，r=2，60︒∴扇形的弧长=． 6022==1801803n r πππ⨯︒︒故答案为：． 23π【点睛】本题考查了弧长公式的运用．关键是熟悉公式：扇形的弧长=． 180n r π12. 点A （-1，y 1），B （4，y 2）是二次函数y ＝（x －1）2图象上的两个点，则y 1________y 2（填“＞”，“＜”或“＝”）【答案】12y y <【解析】【分析】根据二次函数y ＝（x －1）2的对称轴为，则时的函数值和的1x =1x =-1y 3x =函数值相等，进而根据抛物线开口朝上，在对称轴的右侧随的增大而增大即可判断y x 12,y y 【详解】解：二次函数y ＝（x －1）2的对称轴为，1x =时的函数值和的函数值相等，在对称轴的右侧随的增大而增大 ∴1x =-1y 3x =y x34<12y y ∴<故答案为：12y y <【点睛】本题考查了二次函数图象的性质，掌握图象的性质是解题的关键．2()y a x h =-13. 如图，AB 为的直径，弦于点H ，若，，则OH 的长度为O CD AB ⊥10AB =8CD =__．【答案】3【解析】【分析】连接OC ，由垂径定理可求出CH 的长度，在Rt△OCH 中，根据CH 和⊙O 的半径，即可由勾股定理求出OH 的长．【详解】连接OC ，Rt△OCH 中，OC=AB=5，CH=CD=4； 1212由勾股定理，得：；3==即线段OH 的长为3．故答案为：3． 【点睛】本题考查了垂径定理：平分弦的直径平分这条弦，并且平分弦所对的两条弧．也考查了勾股定理．14. 已知反比例函数y ＝的图象分布在第二、四象限，则m 的取值范围是________ 1m x -【答案】1m <【解析】【分析】根据反比例函数的性质，结合图像所在的象限，求出m 的取值范围．【详解】解：∵反比例函数y ＝图像在第二、四象限， 1m x-∴-10m <∴1m <故答案为：．1m <【点睛】本题考查了反比例函数的性质，关键是根据图像所在的象限得到m 的取值范围．15. 如图，PA ，PB 分别与⊙O 相切于A ，B 两点，C 是优弧AB 上的一个动点，若∠P = 50°，则∠ACB ＝_____________°【答案】65【解析】【分析】连接，根据切线的性质以及四边形内角和定理求得，进而,OA OB 130AOB ∠=︒根据圆周角定理即可求得∠ACB【详解】解：连接，如图，,OA OBPA ，PB 分别与⊙O 相切90OAP OBP ∴∠=∠=︒360130AOB OAP OBP P ∴∠=︒-∠-∠-∠=︒AB AB = 1652ACB AOB ∴∠=∠=︒故答案为：65【点睛】本题考查了切线的性质，圆周角定理，四边形的内角和，掌握切线的性质是解题的关键．16. 点A （x 1，y 1），B （x 2，y 2）（x 1·x 2≥0）是y=ax 2（a≠0）图象上的点，存在=112x x -时，=1成立，写出一个满足条件a 的值______________12y y -【答案】1a =【解析】【分析】由可知图像一定过，令，，由=1时，2y ax =(0,0)10x =10y =12x x -12y y -=1成立，取，，代入中解出即可．21x =21y =2y ax =a 【详解】∵一定过，2y ax =(0,0)∴令，， 10x =10y =∵=1时，=1成立，12x x -12y y -∴取，,21x =21y =∴，211a =⨯解得：． 1a =故答案为：．1a =【点睛】本题考查二次函数的图像与性质，掌握二次函数图像上点的坐标特点是解题的关键．三、解答题（本题共12道小题，第17-22题，每小题5分，第23-26题，每小题6分，第27、28题，每小题7分，共68分）17. 计算： 2sin60°+tan45°－cos30°tan60°12-【解析】【分析】根据特殊角的锐角三角形函数值进行混合运算即可．【详解】解：原式 21=⨯+-12=-【点睛】本题考查了特殊角的锐角三角形函数值的混合运算，牢记特殊角的三角函数值是解题的关键．18. 如图，在△ABC 中，∠C=90°，AC=4，AB=5，点D 在AC 上且AD=3，DE⊥AB 于点E ，求AE 的长【答案】 125AE =【解析】 【分析】先证明，由相似三角形的性质即可求出AE ．ADE ABC 【详解】∵DE⊥AB 于点E ，∠C=90°，∴∠AED＝∠C，∵∠A＝∠A， ∴△ADE∽△ABC，∴， AD AE AB AC=， 354AE =AE ＝． 125【点睛】本题考查相似三角形的判定与性质，掌握相似三角形的判定定理以及性质是解题的关键．19. 已知：二次函数y=x 2－4x+3（1）求出二次函数图象的顶点坐标及与x 轴交点坐标；（2）在坐标系中画出图象，并结合图象直接写出y ＜0时，自变量x 的取值范围【答案】（1）顶点坐标为，与x 轴交点坐标为，；（2）(2,1)-(1,0)(3,0)13x <<【解析】【分析】（1）把二次函数化为顶点式和交点式即可得出答案；（2）根据（1）画出图像，由图像即可得出时，自变量x 的取值范围．0y <【详解】（1），2243(2)1(1)(3)y x x x x x =-+=--=--∴顶点坐标为(2,1)-与x 轴交点坐标为，；(1,0)(3,0)（2）如图所示：当时，自变量x 的取值范围为．0y <13x <<【点睛】本题考查二次函数的图像与性质，掌握二次函数的性质是解题的关键．20. 如图，在△ABC 中，∠B＝30°，AB ＝4，AD⊥BC 于点D 且tan∠CAD＝，求BC 的长 12【答案】1BC =+【解析】【分析】在中求出，，在中，由求出，即Rt ADB AD BD Rt ADC 1tan 2CAD ∠=CD 可得出的长．BC 【详解】∵于点D ，AD BC ⊥∴，为直角三角形，ADB △ADC 在中，，，Rt ADB 30B ∠=︒4AB =∴，，122AD AB ==BD ===在中，，， Rt ADC 1tan 2CAD ∠=2AD =∴， 1tan 2CD CAD AD ∠==∴， 1CD =∴．1BC BD CD =+=【点睛】本题考查直角三角形的性质，勾股定理以及解直角三角形，掌握直角三角形中，30°角所对的边是斜边的一半是解题的关键．21. 已知：如图，△ABC 为锐角三角形，AB ＝AC求作：一点P ，使得∠APC＝∠BAC作法：①以点A 为圆心， AB 长为半径画圆；②以点B 为圆心，BC 长为半径画弧，交⊙A 于点C ，D 两点；③连接DA 并延长交⊙A 于点P点P 即为所求（1）使用直尺和圆规，依作法补全图形（保留作图痕迹）；（2）完成下面的证明证明：连接PC ，BD∵AB＝AC ，∴点C 在⊙A 上∵BC＝BD ，∴∠_________＝∠_________ ∴∠BAC＝∠CAD12∵点D ，P 在⊙A 上， ∴∠CPD＝∠CAD（______________________） （填推理的依据）12∴∠APC＝∠BAC【答案】（1）见解析；（2）BAC=BAD ，圆周角定理或同弧所对的圆周角等于它所对圆心角的一半【解析】【分析】（1）根据按步骤作图即可；（2）根据圆周角定理进行证明即可【详解】解：（1）如图所示，（2）证明：连接PC ，BD∵AB＝AC ，∴点C 在⊙A 上∵BC＝BD ，∴∠BAC =∠BAD ∴∠BAC＝∠CAD12∵点D ，P 在⊙A 上， ∴∠CPD＝∠CAD（圆周角定理） （填推理的依据）12∴∠APC＝∠BAC故答案为：BAC=BAD ，圆周角定理或同弧所对的圆周角等于它所对圆心角的一半【点睛】本题考查了尺规作图作圆，圆周角定理，掌握圆周角定理是解题的关键．22. 如图，在平面直角坐标系xOy 中，A （a ，2）是一次函数的图象与反比例函数1y x =-的图象的交点 0k y k x=≠（）（1）求反比例函数的表达式；0k y k x=≠（）（2）过点P （n ，0）且垂直于x 轴的直线与一次函数图象，反比例函数图象的交点分别为M ，N ，当S △OPM ＞S △OPN 时，直接写出n 的取值范围【答案】（1）；（2）或 6y x=2n <-3n >【解析】 【分析】把代入求出的值，再把点A 的坐标代入求出，即可求出(,2)A a 1y x =-a k y x=k 反比例表达式； （2）当时，故，由图像即可确定的取值范围．OPM OPN S S > PM PN >n 【详解】（1）把代入，得，(,2)A a 1y x =-3a =∴点A 坐标为，(3,2)把代入，得，(3,2)A 0k y k x =≠（）6k =∴反比例函数表达式为； 6y x=（2）如图，当时，解得：或， 61x x=-2x =-3x =∵，OPM OPN S S > ∴，PM PN >∴或．2n <-3n >【点睛】本题考查反比例函数与一次函数，掌握待定系数法求解析式是解题的关键．23. 居庸关位于距北京市区50余公里外的昌平区境内，是京北长城沿线上的著名古关城，有“天下第一雄关”的美誉某校数学社团的同学们使用皮尺和测角仪等工具，测量南关主城门上城楼顶端距地面的高度，下表是小强填写的实践活动报告的部分内容：请你帮他计算出城楼的高度AD （结果精确到0.1m ，sin35°≈0.574，cos35°≈0.819，tan35°≈0.700） 题目 测量城楼顶端到地面的高度测量目标示意图 相关数据BM=16m, BC=13m ，∠ABC=35°，∠ACE=45°【答案】城楼顶端距地面约为31.9m【解析】【分析】根据题意，设AE 为x m ，在Rt△ACE 中，tan∠ABE=，进而列出方程AE BE，求得,根据 AD=AE+ED 即可求解0.7(13)x x +=AE 【详解】解：根据题意，得BM=ED=16m ，∠AEC=90°设AE 为x m ，在Rt△ACE 中，∵∠ACE=45°，∴∠CAE=45°，∴AE=CE在Rt△ABE 中， ∵tan∠ABE=， AE BE又∵∠ABE=35°，∴tan35°= 13x x +即0.7(13)x x +=解得x≈30.3∴AD=AE+ED≈30.3+16≈31.9（m ）答：城楼顶端距地面约为31.9m【点睛】本题考查了解直角三角形的应用，数形结合是解题的关键．24. 如图，⊙O 是△ABC 的外接圆，AB 是⊙O 的直径，AB⊥CD 于点E ，P 是AB 延长线上一点，且∠BCP＝∠BCD（1）求证：CP 是⊙O 的切线；（2）连接DO 并延长，交AC 于点F ，交⊙O 于点G ，连接GC 若⊙O 的半径为5，OE ＝3，求GC 和OF 的长【答案】（1）见解析；（2）， 6GC =2511OF =【解析】 【分析】（1）连接OC ，由已知可得∠OCB＋∠BCD＝90°，进而根据∠BCP＝∠BCD，等量代换可得∠OCB＋∠BCP＝90°，即可证明CP 是⊙O 的切线；（2）证明OE 为△DCG 的中位线，由，证明△GCF∽△OAF，进而列出比例式代入AO GC ∥数值进行计算即可．【详解】（1）证明：连接OC∵OB＝OC ，∴∠OBC＝∠OCB∵AB⊥CD 于点E ，∴∠CEB＝90°∴∠OBC＋∠BCD＝90°∴∠OCB＋∠BCD＝90°∵∠BCP＝∠BCD，∴∠OCB＋∠BCP＝90°∴OC⊥CP∴CP 是⊙O 的切线（2）∵AB⊥CD 于点E ，∴E 为CD 中点∵O 为GD 中点，∴OE 为△DCG 的中位线∴GC＝2OE ＝6，OE GC ∥∵AO GC ∥∴△GCF∽△OAF ∴ GC GF OA OF =即 65GF OF=∵GF＋OF ＝5， ∴OF＝ 2511【点睛】本题考查了切线的性质判定，相似三角形的性质与判定，掌握切线的性质与判定是解题的关键．25. 随着冬季的到来，干果是这个季节少不了的营养主角，某超市购进一批干果，分装成营养搭配合理的小包装后出售，每袋成本20元销售过程中发现，每天销售量y （袋）与销售单价x （元）之间的关系可近似地看作一次函数：y ＝-2x ＋80（20≤x≤40），设每天获得的利润为w （元）（1）求出w 与x 的关系式；（2）当销售单价定为多少元时，每天可获得最大利润？最大利润是多少？【答案】（1）；（2）当销售单价定为每袋30元时，每天可获得最221201600w x x =-+-大利润，最大利润是200元【解析】【分析】（1）由公式利润=（售价−成本）×数量即可列出关系式；（2）把化为，由二次函数的性质即可得出221201600w x x =-+-22(30)200w x =--+答案．【详解】（1）由题可得：；2(20)(20)(280)21201600w x y x x x x =-=--+=-+-（2），22212016002(30)200w x x x =-+-=--+∵，且，2040x ≤≤20a =-<∴当时，．30x =200y =最大答：当销售单价定为每袋30元时，每天可获得最大利润，最大利润是200元．【点睛】本题考查二次函数的应用—销售问题，由题列出关系式，掌握二次函数的性质是解题的关键．26. 在平面直角坐标系xOy 中，点（1，m ）和点（3，n ）在二次函数y ＝x 2＋bx 的图象上（1）当m ＝-3时①求这个二次函数的顶点坐标；②若点（-1，y 1），（a ，y 2）在二次函数的图象上，且y 2＞y 1，则a 的取值范围是____；（2）当mn ＜0时，求b 的取值范围【答案】（1）①；②或；（2）2(2)4y x =--1a <-5a >31b -<<-【解析】【分析】（1）①将点（1，-3）代入y ＝x 2＋bx 求出b 的值，得出函数关系式，再进行配方即可得到抛物线的顶点坐标；②根据函数的图象，结合函数性质可得出a 的取值；（2）用含有b 的代数式分别表示出m ，n ，根据mn ＜0分类讨论即可．【详解】解：（1）当m ＝-3时①把点（1，-3）代入y ＝x 2＋bx ，得b ＝-4，二次函数表达式为y ＝x 2 -4x ＝（x-2）2 -4所以顶点坐标为（2，-4）②根据题意得抛物线y ＝x 2 -4x 开口向上，对称轴为直线x=2，∵y 2＞y 1，∴i)当点（-1，y 1），（a ，y 2）在抛物线对称轴左侧时，有；1a <-ii)当点（-1，y 1），（a ，y 2）在抛物线对称轴两侧时，根据对称性可知； 5a >所以a 的取值范围是：a ＜-1或a ＞5故答案为：a ＜-1或a ＞5（2）将点（1，m ），（3，n ）代入y ＝x 2＋bx ，可得m ＝1＋b ，n ＝9＋3b当mn ＜0时，有两种情况：①若 把m ＝1＋b ，n ＝9＋3b 代入可得 此时不等式组无解 00.m n >⎧⎨<⎩，1+0930.b b >⎧⎨+<⎩，②若 把m ＝1＋b ，n ＝9＋3b 代入可得解得-3＜b ＜-1 00.m n <⎧⎨>⎩，1+0930.b b <⎧⎨+>⎩，所以-3＜b ＜-1【点睛】本题考查了运用待定系数法求二次函数解析式以及二次函数图象上点的特点，能结合题意确定b 的取值范围是解题的关键．27. 已知∠POQ=120°，点A ，B 分别在OP ，OQ 上，OA ＜OB ，连接AB ，在AB 上方作等边△ABC，点D 是BO 延长线上一点，且AB=AD ，连接AD（1）补全图形；（2）连接OC ，求证：∠COP=∠COQ；（3）连接CD ，CD 交OP 于点F ，请你写出一个∠DAB 的值，使CD=OB+OC 一定成立，并证明【答案】（1）见解析；（2）见解析；（3）∠DAB=150°，见解析【解析】【分析】（1）依据题意作出相应图形即可；（2）在BQ上截取BE=AO，连接CE，由等边三角形的性质得，CA=CB，∠ACB=60°由同角的补角相等得∠CAO=∠CBE，由SAS证得△CAO和△CBE全等，即可得证；（3）由∠DAB=150°， DA=AB，得∠ADB=∠ABD=15°，由等边三角形性质，可得∠CAB=∠CBA=∠ACB =60°，故∠CAD=150°，由等边对等角得∠ADC=∠ACD=15°，由此∠DBC=∠DCB=75°，由等角对等边得DB=DC 再由∠POQ=120°，∠BDC=30°，得∠DFO=90°，等量代换即可得证.【详解】解：（1）如图所示：（2）证明如下：在BQ上截取BE=AO，连接CE，∵△ABC为等边三角形，∴CA=CB，∠ACB=60°∵∠POQ=120°，∴∠CAO+∠CBO=180°∵∠CBO+∠CBE=180°，∴∠CAO=∠CBE，在△CAO 和△CBE 中，，CA CB CAO CBE AO BE =⎧⎪∠=∠⎨⎪=⎩∴△CAO≌△CBE（SAS ），∴CO=CE，∠COA=∠CEB，∴∠COE=∠CEB，∴∠COP=∠COQ；（3）∠DAB=150°，如图：∵∠DAB=150°， DA=AB ，∴∠ADB=∠ABD=15°∵△ABC 为等边三角形，∴∠CAB=∠CBA=∠ACB =60°，∴∠CAD=150°，∵AD=AC，∴∠ADC=∠ACD=15°，∴∠DBC=∠DCB=75°，∴DB=DC，∵∠POQ=120°，∠BDC=30°，∴∠DFO=90°∵AD=AC，∴DF=FC∴DO=OC∵DB=DO+OB，∴DB=CO+OB，∴CD= OB + OC.【点睛】此题考查全等三角形的判定和性质、等腰三角形的判定和性质，等边三角形的判定和性质，以及添加辅助线构造全等三角形，掌握相应的判定和性质是解答此题的关键.28. 在平面直角坐标系xOy 中，对于点P ，O ，Q 给出如下定义：若OQ ＜PO ＜PQ 且PO≤2，我们称点P 是线段OQ 的“潜力点”已知点O （0，0），Q （1，0）（1）在P 1（0，-1），P 2（，），P 3（-1，1）中是线段OQ 的“潜力点”是1232_____________；（2）若点P 在直线y ＝x 上，且为线段OQ 的“潜力点”，求点P 横坐标的取值范围；（3）直线y ＝2x ＋b 与x 轴交于点M ，与y 轴交于点N ，当线段MN 上存在线段OQ 的“潜力点”时，直接写出b 的取值范围【答案】（1）；（2）；（3）或 3P p x ≤<1b <≤1 1.b -<<-【解析】 【分析】（1）分别计算出OQ 、PO 和PQ 的长度，比较即可得出答案；（2）先判断点P 在以O 为圆心，1为半径的圆外且点P 在线段OQ 垂直平分线的左侧，结合PO≤2，点P 在以O 为圆心，2为半径的圆上或圆内，可得点P 在如图所示的线段AB 上（不包含点B ），过作轴，过作轴，垂足分别为 再根据图形的性质B BC y ⊥A AD y ⊥,,C D 求解 从而可得答案；,,BC AD （3）由（2）得：点P 在以O 为圆心，1为半径的圆外且点P 在以O 为圆心，2为半径的圆上或圆内，而PO ＜PQ ，点P 在线段OQ 垂直平分线的左侧，再分两种情况讨论：当时，0b >当时，分别画出两种情况下的临界直线 再根据临界直线经过的特殊点求0b ≤2,y x b =+解的值，再确定范围即可.b 【详解】解：（1） O （0，0），Q （1，0），1,OQ \= P 1（0，-1），P 2（，），P 3（-1，1） 1232不满足OQ ＜PO ＜PQ 且PO≤2， 111,OP PQ \==所以不是线段OQ 的“潜力点”， 1P同理： 22OP P Q =所以不满足OQ ＜PO ＜PQ 且PO≤2，所以不是线段OQ 的“潜力点”，2P同理： 33OP PQ =12,<Q 所以满足：OQ ＜PO ＜PQ 且PO≤2，所以是线段OQ 的“潜力点”，3P 故答案为：P 3（2）∵点P 为线段OQ 的“潜力点”，∴OQ＜PO ＜PQ 且PO≤2，∵OQ＜PO ，∴点P 在以O 为圆心，1为半径的圆外∵PO＜PQ ，∴点P 在线段OQ 垂直平分线的左侧，而的垂直平分线为： OQ 1,2x =∵PO≤2，∴点P 在以O 为圆心，2为半径的圆上或圆内又∵点P 在直线y ＝x 上，∴点P 在如图所示的线段AB 上（不包含点B ）过作轴，过作轴，垂足分别为 B BC y ⊥A AD y ⊥,,C D由题意可知△BOC 和 △AOD 是等腰三角形，1,2,OB OA ==∴ sin 45sin 45BC OB AD OA =°=°g g≤x p ＜ （3）由（2）得：点P 在以O 为圆心，1为半径的圆外且点P 在以O 为圆心，2为半径的圆上或圆内，而PO ＜PQ ，点P 在线段OQ 垂直平分线的左侧当时，过时， 0b >2y x b =+()10,1N 即函数解析式为：1,b ∴=21,y x =+此时 则 11,0,2M æöç÷-ç÷èø111tan ,2M N O Ð=当与半径为2的圆相切于时，则2y x b =+S 90,NSO Ð=°由11,MN M N ∥ 而 111tan tan ,2SO SNO M N O SN\Ð=Ð==2,SO =4,SN ON \===1b \<£当时，如图，同理可得：点P 在以O 为圆心，1为半径的圆外且点P 在以O 为圆心，20b ≤为半径的圆上或圆内，而PO ＜PQ ，点P 在线段OQ 垂直平分线的左侧，同理：当过 则 直线为 2y x b =+()10,1,N -1,b =-21,y x =- 在直线上， 11,0,2M æöç÷\ç÷èø1M 12x =此时 1M K当过时， 则 2y x b =+1,2K æç-çè1+b =-1,b \=--所以此时： 1 1.b -<<-综上：的范围为：1＜b≤＜b ＜-1 b 1【点睛】本题考查的是新定义情境下的知识运用，圆的基本性质，圆的切线的性质，一次函数的综合应用，锐角三角函数的应用，勾股定理的应用，数形结合是解本题的关键.。
北京市昌平区2021-2022年九年级上册数学期末测试卷(含答案解析)
（2）连接OC，求证：∠COP=∠COQ；
（3）连接CD，CD交OP于点F，请你写出一个∠DAB的值，使CD=OB+OC一定成立，并证明
A （0，﹣2）B.（﹣2，0）C.（0，2）D.（2，0）
4.已知反比例函数 的图象经过点 ，则 的值为（）
A. B. C. D.
5.如图，AD是△ABC的外接圆⊙O的直径，若∠BCA＝50°，则∠BAD＝（ ）
A.30°B.40°C.50°D.60°
6.如图，面积为18的正方形ABCD内接于⊙O，则⊙O的半径为（）
（2）过点P（n，0）且垂直于x轴的直线与一次函数图象，反比例函数图象的交点分别为M，N，当S△OPM＞S△OPN时，直接写出n的取值范围
23.居庸关位于距北京市区50余公里外的昌平区境内，是京北长城沿线上的著名古关城，有“天下第一雄关”的美誉某校数学社团的同学们使用皮尺和测角仪等工具，测量南关主城门上城楼顶端距地面的高度，下表是小强填写的实践活动报告的部分内容：请你帮他计算出城楼的高度AD（结果精确到0.1m，sin35°≈0.574，cos35°≈0.819，tan35°≈0.700）
19.已知：二次函数y=x2－4x+3
（1）求出二次函数图象的顶点坐标及与x轴交点坐标；
（2）在坐标系中画出图象，并结合图象直接写出y＜0时，自变量x的取值范围
20.如图，在△ABC中，∠B＝30°，AB＝4，AD⊥BC于点D且tan∠CAD＝ ，求BC的长
21.已知：如图，△ABC为锐角三角形，AB＝AC
∴∠_________＝∠_________
∴∠BAC＝ ∠CAD
∵点D，P在⊙A上，
∴∠CPD＝ ∠CAD（______________________）（填推理的依据）
2021年1月北京市昌平区初三(上)期末英语试卷(含答案)
2021北京昌平初三（上）期末英语2021.1一、单项填空(共6分，每小题0.5分)1. Mr. Wang in a friendly teacher. we all like very much.A. herB.himC.them2. The famous basketball player, Yao Ming, joined the be NBA 2002.A. atB.inC.toD.from3. J. K. Rowling lived a hard life she didn’t give up writing.A. andB. soC.butD.because4. Mum, can I play with my dog for while?--Sorry, you . You should finish your homework first.A.can’tB.needn’tC.mustn’tD. wouldn't5. The time when I lived in the county was one of periods in my life.A.happyB. happierC.the happiestD.happily6. - do you help in the Children 's House.Betty?- -Twice a month.A.How soonB.How longC.How farD.How often7. Listen! Jack beautifully in the music classroom.A. is singingB. are singingC. was singingD. will be singing8.Our family will go hiking if it tomorrow.A.doesn’t rainB.didn’t rainC.won't ran D isn't raining9. Emily to learn English when she was 8 years old.A.has begunB. beganC. beginsD. begin10. I ten English novels since I joined the English reading club.A. readsB. readC.have readD.will read11. The first mobile phone in April, 1973 by Martin Lawrence Cooper.A. Invent B invented C. is invented D.was invented12. Do you know , five yearn ago?-----Yes. He lived in Shanghai.A. where does he liveB. where he liveC. where did he live D where he lived二、完形填空(共8分，每小题1分)How school plays make a differenceEveryone remembers their first time on stage. The school play is the first time most of us experience doing drama. It's the first chance to both test your acting skills and build up your self-confidence.Although I have been deeply interested in acting from a very young age, I haven't got a 13 to actually act on stage. That's why I was so nervous for the play Charlie and the Chocolate Factory in my first year of school. After studying all the characters in the play, I chose Veruca Salt. Disappointingly, I only got a 14 with no lines. I didn't say a word at all. However, this was my first performance on stage, I still remember the feelings I had when the lights went down and I noticed that many people were there to watch.After that, I decided to 15 any difficulty next time. I did well in reading aloud in class and 1 knew I had to take good advantage of that. So when the chance of the play Pinnochio came, I made up my mind to be the narrator (旁白). As I stood in front of the teachers, I was so 16 again when I realized I was the only girl going for the part. But after the boys before me couldn't finish their lines, it was my time to get right. I stepped forward, took a deep breath and went for it. I did it! I will never 17 the moment I stood in the bright light with everyone's attention. I even remember the beautiful dress my mom made me to 18 while narrating. Black with heavy gold thread (线) running through it, it made me look super and smart,Recently, 1 watched the play The Snow White at the National Theatre. The joy on the faces of the little actors and actresses was 19 . For those young students who act in school plays, they build up strong confidence, a great power of learning and even a beautiful dream to be a real actor or actress in the future.That's why the black and gold 20 still hangs in my old bedroom. And I have to be honest it did look great in the light.13. A. chance B. time C. moment D. period14. A. page B. role C. voice D. word15. A. experience B. imagine C. overcome D. remember16. A. pleased B. nervous C. lucky D. angry17. A, count B. repeat C. forget D. catch18. A, wear B. show C. see D. think19. A. public B. serious C. right D. clear20. A. light B. face C. thread D. dress阅读理解三、阅读下列短文，根据短文内容，从短文后各题所绘的A、B、C、D四个选项中选择最佳选项（共26分，每小题2分）ABody language is an important social skill to show what we want to share.It can make your words clearer and help get better results.There are many kinds of body language.They mean different things.Facial expressionswe can show a lot of feelings with our faces, like happiness,sadness,surprise,excitement, fear and so on. They are almost the same in different cultures.. They can help us decide if we can trust a person, or make them trust us.GesturesGestures are the signs we make with our hands while talking, People use them mostly when the in to make a point or argue with others. However, some gestures can mean different thing in different cultures. So you should be really careful with them.MovementMovement is the way people walk, stand, sit, or hold their head. And when people talk with others, they also need to shake hands or hug them. They can tell a lot of information. They show people's manner, behavior, character and level of education.Eye contactThis is the way you look at someone. How much eye contact you make can tell a lot of things about you and what you are trying to say. But remember not to stare（盯） at others all the time.It will make them feel upset.21. Which body language is almost the same in different cultures?A.Facial expressions.B. Gestures.C. Movement.D. Eye contact.22. When do we mostly use gestures?A. When we show feelings with our faces. B When we try to make a point.C. When we shake hands with others.D. When we look at others,23. How will people feel if we stare at them all the time?A. Happy.B. Fearful.C. Excited. D Upset.BThe usual way of showing one's love is expressing it with words, but my Dad is different. He’s the one who cared so much for me and showed love in so many other ways than the ' usual' ways of other adults.In my earlier years I would wake my Dad up and say, “Dad, I'm hungry.Could you make me something to eat" "Sure, what a question. How about a piece of steak and some eggs?" He would answer happily. "Well, I'm not sure, it would be too much trouble," would say without listening to my stomach. " No worries, " would be his reply with joy,as he always answered me that way.Sunday is my Dad's only rest day but he would come up to me and say. "How about a game of cricket? ""Yes,Dad!That will be great,” I would reply happily.On the days when he was too tired to play, he would still say, "Yeah, sure! I’ll play ." My Mom would come and call me to the side and explain that my Dad was jus t too tired to play but could not say no to me. He always had and has time for me.As time flew by I started to become a teenager with independence and what seemed to me as a childish game over food became a stupid idea. On the day 's he didn't work he would come tome. "Give Dad a smile," he would say encouragingly. " Dad, at the moment I can’t smile. " I would say. " Please. just one smile and then I won't ask again," he would playfully. Looking at his funny face. I couldn't help smiling.I wrote this to thank my Dad. The one who would make me food late at night when I w too tired to do so. The one who would sit by my bed in my time of greatest need. The one who couldn't say no to his son.24. How did the writer's Dad show his love?A. By expressing it with words.B. By expressing it with gifts.C. By showing it with unusual ways.D. By showing it with many games.25. When is Dad's rest day?A. On Saturday.B. On Sunday.C. The cricket day.D. The smiling day.26.What kind of person is his Dad?A. Caring but lonely.B. Funny but worried.C. caring and patient.D.Funny and silent.CEver since the invention of the e-reader came into being, book-lovers everywhere have been debating which is better--the e-book or the traditional paper book. Can the prices of paper books compete with the low prices of e-books? Does the convenience of e-books compare with the feeling of a real book in your hands?When I was young, I really loved reading paper books. With the rapid development of the technology,e-books have become very popular. As a result,I personally enjoy both with many good reasons.1.E-books are more convenient to carry around.If you’re like me,before going on a vacation,the hardest part packing may be choosing what bo oks to bring. Your suitcase can only hold some of the books you like. What if you finish those before your vacation is over?Or what if you get bored with them and want to read something else?With an e-reader,you never have to worry about these kinds of problems, which carries around thousands of books all on a device that weights than a pound.2.E-books are more effectively to read.Since e-books can show the words in different sizes and even read the books to us, it has the advantage for people who might have a hard time reading or people with poor eyesight. People can also choose how many words to display on one line or how much space there is between lines according to their personal preferences. This allows those with reading disabilities to read more effectively,3.Paper books help with readers' understanding.Though e-books may be easier and faster to read, studies show paper books are better for understanding. According to a study by James Madison University , readers are more likely to skim e-books than paper books, which leads to less understanding of the content. Paper books allow readers to read slowly and deeply which give readers more chances to think over and understand more.4. Paper books help with readers' sleep.Studies also show the light from some e-books causes sleeping problems. The bright screens of e-readers can cause people to take longer to fall asleep or, in some cases insomnia. Paper books don't cause these problems. So, if you' re a person who can't easily fall asleep or has problems with insomnia, paper books have the advantage.In a word, both e-books and paper books have their advantages. So, as for the beginning question, " Which is better -the e-book or the traditional paper book? I don't think there's a ight answer. As for me, I say, why not both?27. What can we learn from the passage?A. E-books help readers solve the problem of packing by displaying more words on one lineB. E-books help readers with reading disabilities by showing more interesting storybooksC. Paper books help readers understand more by giving readers more chances to think.D. Paper books help readers with sleeping problems by wider space between lines.28. What does the underlined word " insomnia" mean?A. An inability to sleep.B. An inability to wake up.C. An ability to sleep.D. An ability to wake up.9. Which of the following will the writer mostly take on vacation?A. Some paper books that are easier to finish.B. One thick paper book to keep his vacation longer.C.An e-reader to keep away from boring chattingD.Both an e-reader and his favorite paper books.DDogs have an amazing talent for understand human social behavior, and they can take actions upon human orders,but what if they are given instructions not by real humans but by humanoid robots that behave like humans? Will dogs obey the robot's orders?At the International Conference on Human Robot Interaction2020. researchers at Yale University' s Social Robotics Lab tested how dogs responded to instructions from robots. A group of 34 dogs participated in the experiment, and each dog was tested with either a speaker or a human-like robot in a room. After a brief introduction to the testing environment, the robot or speaker called the dog's name, using the same voice. Then the robot or speaker would give a " sit" order, which was the real test.Results of the experiments showed that the dogs paid more attention to the robot than the speaker. Dogs obeyed the "sit order over 60% of the time when it came from the robot, but less than 20% of the time when it came from the speaker, even if they did look a bit confused about the whole thing at times,While these results are certainly interesting, it's important to answer the question of whether dogs could respond to a social robot at all. The researchers were giving the dogs a great opportunity. For example, the dogs' owners were instructed to interact with the robot, talking to it and making eye contact, to help encourage the dogs to see the robot as friendly and make the anxiety less while also drawing attention to the robot. However, they, haven' t discovered what factors ( #) might increase or decrease that likelihood."Since dogs are very sensitive to human social cues (#xfã9), the robot being . humanoid or not may make a difference, lead researcher Meiying Qin said. "Yet, if a non- humanoid robot behaves like a dog or shows any social behaviors, dogs may also respond in a social manner.'"Now that we have evidence that dogs do respond to social robots, the next step is to figure out what we haven't discovered yet," added Meiying Qin. 'Humanoid robot, which is one of the greatest invention in the 20h century, is the advanced representation of robot technique Some people may question the value of making social robots for pets. Dogs aren't the only animals that robots interact with, of course the larger idea is that by studying how dogs behave toward social robots relative to humans, it can help us understand bow social robots affect our own behavior, too.30. Paragraph 2 is mainly aboutA. how the test was performedB. what was found in the testC. why the scientists did the testD. who took part in the test31.The researcher later will probably focus on .A.human orders given to dogsB.factor to affect dog’s responseC.robot technique to developD.social robots designed for pets32.We can learn from the experiment that .A.dogs seldom obey the order from a humanoid robotB.dogs pay less attention to a mechanical-looking robotC.do gs can pay more attention to owners’ voice in the speakerD.dogs can understand the social meanings from machines33.The lead researcher Meiying Qin probably agrees that .A.humanoid robots can influence humans’ behaviorsB.it is worthless to design advanced robots for animalsC.robots will take the place of humans to look after petsD.humans don’t respond socially to non-humanoid robots四、阅读短文，根据短文内容回答问题。
2021年北京市昌平区第一中学高三英语第一次联考试卷及参考答案
2021年北京市昌平区第一中学高三英语第一次联考试卷及参考答案第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项AShopping centers，stadiums and universities may soon have a new tool to help fight crime.ACaliforniacompany called Knightscope says its robots can predict and prevent crime. Knightscope says the goal is to reduce crime by half in areas the robots guard.William Santana Li is the chief executive officer of Knightscope. He says，"These robot security guards will change the world. Our planet has more than seven billion people on it. It's going to quickly get to nine billion people. The security equipmentthat we have globally is just not going to develop that fast. The company's Autonomous Data Machines can become the eyes and ears of law enforcement（执法）.""You want them to be machines plus humans. Let. the machines do the heavy and sometimes dangerous work and let the humans do the strategic decision-making work，so it's always working all together."The machines do not carry weapons but they have day and night video cameras which are able to turn 360 degrees and can also sense chemical and biological weapons.Some people may become concerned about their privacy, especially in connection with the video recordings. Some people may worry that such recordings will appear on the Internet. Eugene Volokh, a law professor at the UCLA School of Law, says the machines have to be used in the right way and it will be interesting to see how state laws deal with this kind of video.William Santana Li says there is a long waiting list for the robots in theUS. Workers in the company are working overtime to meet the demands of the market. At least 25 other countries are also interested in these robot security guards.1. What can this new tool do for humans?A. Make strategic decisions.B. Keep watching day and night.C. Carry heavy weapons.D. Stop crime autonomously.2. Why are some people worried about the new robots?A. Their privacy may be let out.B. The robots are very expensive.C. Robots will replace humans.D. They will be out of work soon.3. Which of the following can be the best title of the text?A. Robots Are Becoming More PopularB. Robots Contribute aLotto the WorldC. Robots Are in Great Demand NowD. Security Robots Could Help Cut CrimeBWhen I was a kid, my mom set aside some breakfast food for supper every nowand then. I remember one night after a long, hard day at work, my mom placed a plate of eggs, sausage, and a plate of extremely burnt biscuits on the table. I waited to see if my dad would get annoyed.All my dad did was to reach for the biscuits, smile at my mom and ask me how my day at school had been. I don't remember what I told him that night but I do remember watching him add butter and jelly on that ugly burnt biscuit and ate every bite of that thing. He never made a face nor uttered a word about it!When I rose from the table that evening, I remember hearing my mom apologize to my dad for overcooking the biscuits and I will never forget what he said, “Honey, I love burnt biscuits every now and then."Later that night, I went to say good night to my daddy, and I wondered if he really liked his biscuits burnt. He wrapped me up in his arms and said gently, "Your mom put in a hard day at work today and she is really tired. Besides, a little burnt biscuit never hurt anyone!As I have grown older, I've thought about that many times. Life is full of imperfect things and imperfect people. Learning to accept each other's faults and choosing to celebrate each other's differences contribute to a healthy, growing, and lasting relationship. We could extend this philosophy to any relationship, such as a husband-wife, parent-child, or friendship. Don't put the key to your happiness in someone else's pocket. Keep it in your own. So, please pass me a biscuit, and yes, the burnt one will do just fine.4. How did the author's dad react to the burnt biscuit?A. He set it aside for breakfast.B. He ate butter and jelly instead.C. He uttered his complaints loudly.D. He ate it up as if nothing happened.5. Which of the following words can best describe the author's dad?A. Caring.B. Determined.C. ProudD. Hardworking.6. What does the author suggest people do in the last paragraph?A. Show understanding to imperfect things.B. Ask the children to respect their parents.C. Enjoy the over-cooked biscuits willingly.D. Make important decisions on your own.7. In which section of a magazine may this passage appear?A. History and culture.B. Family and relationship.C. Cuisine and health.D. Entertainment and sports.CNowadays medical technology seems to be advanced enough for doctors to perform brain transplants (移植). Though this procedure (程序) has only been successfully performed on animals so far, doctors are still hopingto perform this procedure on humans. However, in my opinion, brain transplants should not be performed at all, especially not on humans because of the large number of problems and side effects that could come along with. Hopefully these dangerous side effects will convince doctors not to perform this procedure on humans.Despite many benefits technology brings. I do not think this medical technology of brain transplants will help. We were all born with one brain and through childhood to adults our mind developed into who we are, so if with a different brain we would no longer be unique. A person with a different brain would seem to be a total stranger and in many ways they would be. No one should steal our identity from us, even if we are seriously injured, and change it to a completely new one. Also for the people who have died with healthy brains, that was their identity and it should not be given to anyone else.Another problem with brain transplants is how doctors can choose what are “healthy” or “normal” brains. An elderly person who has died would have an aged brain that would not be as efficient as younger person’s brain. Then would doctors have to find healthy brains of the same age as the person who needs it? This could also bring up other factors such as intelligence, sex, or physical problems that a person might have had before death. Also another problem might be how long a brain can be kept “alive” after death and how it can be kept “alive” without damage.Overall. my feelings about this operation are that it should not be done on humans until doctors have overcome all the problems and challenges that stand in their way of making human brain transplants successful.8. Why does the author think brain transplants should not be performed at all?A. The cost of the operation is extremely high.B. Doctors are not able to perform brain transplants.C. A good many problems and side effects may arise.D. This procedure has only been successful on animals9. What is the second paragraph mainly about?A. People shouldn’t give their healthy brains to others.B. Having a brain transplant means losing one’s identity.C. Transplanting brains is changing old brains into new ones.D. Having brain transplants indicates stealing identity from others.10. What is the writers’ attitude towards brain transplants an humans?A. indifferentB. favorableC. disapprovingD. objective11. What is the author’s purpose in writing the passage?A. To encourage brain donation.B. To stress the importance of brain operation.C. Toargue against brain transplants on humans.D. To introduce the technology of brain transplants.DDear Jack,I remember the moment— it truly hit me that your autism (自闭症) lasted forever. I had already mentally planned our trips up north with the boys. I was going to spend endless hours playing baseball with you— like Grandpa did with me.When we said goodbye to kindergarten I knew it was real. I spent some time being sad. Now you are 8. You still have no words. We have never had one of those father-son moments I pictured when you were a baby. But I'm learning that's OK. I still have unbelievable things to offer as your dad, even if they weren't the things I originally expected.You have taught me to be patient. You have taught me that it's OK to be different and to be sad when life doesn't go as planned. You have taught me that it is OK to talk about those feelings and fight for what is right. Stand up and say this is wrong, and encourage others to stand up for you and say the same.My job on this earth is to create a world for you and other kids like you. Be the voice you don't have, and build the kind of community which I want to see you grow up in. I used to shy away from contacting people with disabilities or just not consider them. Before you were born, I was so caught up in my own world that I probably wouldn't have even noticed. Now, I see things differently. I notice. You did that for me. And hope my example will do that for others.Your mom and I have spent 8 years trying to find your voice. And honestly, we don't know if we ever will. I promise you I will spend my life keeping you safe and making this world better for you.12. To whom is the text written?A. The author's son.B. The author's wife.C. The author's father.D. The author's friend.13. What can be learned about the author?A. He's at a loss what to do to help Jack.B. He's to blame for Jack s present condition.C. He has changed his attitude to the disabled.D. He hasn't accepted the reality up to now.14. How does the author sound in the text?A. Sympathetic.B. Caring.C. Regretful.D. Indifferent.15. In which section of a magazine may this text appear?A. Science.B. Entertainment.C. Sports.D. Relationship.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
2021届北京市昌平区第一中学高三英语第一次联考试卷及答案
2021届北京市昌平区第一中学高三英语第一次联考试卷及答案第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项AFind Your Chicago Architecture TourChicago is known around the world for its architecture. Whether you tour downtown or a neighborhood, our guides will tell you the stories behind the buildings.Must-see ChicagoMust-see Chicago is a fast-paced, 90-minute tour to Chicago featuring(以…为特色) some of its most famous buildings, including the Wrigley Building, Tribune Tower and more! Get a brief overview of more than a dozen buildings—as well as Chicago landmarks like Millennium Park, the Loop and the Chicago River.Duration: 1.5 hoursPrice: $ 26 public, free for CAC membersArchitecture HighlightsDiscover the exciting diversity(多样性) of Chicago architecture, which traces the city’s development from its founding through present day. We cover about 30 miles of Chicago design, passing through the Loop and the Gold Coast, as well as Hyde Park and other areas of the South Side. We’ll see two university campuses and several parks.Duration: 3.5 hoursPrice: $ 55 public, free for CAC membersHistoric Treasures of Chicago’s Golden AgeLearn about the great architectural landmarks of Michigan Avenue and State Street, with views inside beautiful buildings from the 1890s〜1930s. The most memorable parts include the amazing interiors(内部) of the Palmer House Hotel and the Chicago Cultural Center.Duration: 2 hoursPrice: $ 26 public, free for CAC membersElevated Architecture: Downtown “L” TrainExplore Chicago’s amazing architecture from the unique view of elevated trains and station platforms. Learn the history behind the famous “L” system and hear how it has shaped the development of buildings within theLoop. The city’s first elevated train started making trips in 1892. Now considered one of Chicago’s most wonderful features, the “L” offers impressive views of downtown.Duration: 2 hoursPrice: $ 26 public, free for CAC members1.Which tour can you choose if you want to see Millennium Park?A.Must-see Chicago.B.Historic Treasures of Chicago’s Golden AgeC.Architecture Highlights.D.Elevated Architecture：Downtown “L” Train.2.When visiting Architecture Highlights, a couple should pay ______.A.$55B.$ 110C.$ 165D.$ 2203.What can you see on the third tour?A.The Chicago River.B.The Gold Coast.C.The elevated trains.D.The Palmer House Hotel.BIf there is no difference in general intelligence between boys and girls, what can explain girls’ poor performance in science and math?It hasbeen suggested that girls do not take math courses, not because they are difficult, but for social reasons. Girls do not want to be in open competition with boys because they are afraid to appear less feminine (女性的) and attractive (有魅力的).However, there are still more high-achieving boys than girls when taking math exams. This difference appears to be worldwide. Biological explanations have been offered for this, but there are other explanations too.Perhaps the difference which comes out during the teenage years has its roots in much earlier experiences. From their first days in kindergarten, boys are encouraged to work on their own and to complete tasks. Facts show that outstanding mathematicians and scientists have not had teachers who gave answers.Besides, there can be little doubt that teachers of math and science expect their boy students to do better at these subjects than their girl students. They even appear to encourage the difference between boys and girls. They spend more time with the boy students, giving them more time to answer questions and working harder to get correct answers from them. They are more likely to call on boys for answers and to allow them to take the lead in classroom discussion. They also praise boys more frequently. All of this seems to encourage boys to work harderin science and math and to give them confidence that they are able to succeed.Such a way of teaching is not likely to encourage girls to take many math and science courses, nor is it likely to support girls who do. When it comes to these subjects it seems certain that school widens the difference between boys and girls.4. Why does the author raise a question in paragraph 1?A. To find differences between boys and girls.B. To explain the poor performance of girls.C. To ask readers a question.D. To introduce the topic.5. The text mainly discusses ________ reasons for the difference between boys and girls in scientific achievements.A. biologicalB. personalC. socialD. historical6. What does the text say about great mathematicians?A. Their teachers did not offer answers to them.B. They started learning math at an earlier age.C. They showed mathematical abilities in their teenage years.D. Their success resulted from their strong interest in math.7. The author would probably agree that ________.A. boys and girls learn in the same wayB. boys and girls are equal in general intelligenceC. girls are more confident in themselves than beforeD. girls should take fewer science courses than boysCSaroo Brierley, a 4-year-old boy, livedin ruralIndia. One day, he played with his brother along the rail line and fell asleep. When he woke up, he found himself alone. So he got on the train in front of him to search for his brother.That train took him a thousand miles across the country to a totally strange city. He lived on the streets, and then in an orphanage (孤儿院), where he was adopted by an Australian family and taken to Tasmania.Brierley is a famous writer now, and in his new book,A Long Way Home, he wrote he couldn’t help but wonder about his hometown back inIndia. He remembered landmarks, but since he didn’t know his town’s name,finding a small neighborhood in a vast country seemed impossible.Then he found a digital mapping program. He spent years searching for his hometown in the program’s satellite pictures. In 2011, he came across something familiar. He studied it and realized he was looking at a town’s central business district from a bird’s-eye view. He thought, “On the right-hand side you should see the three-platform train station”—and there it was. “And on the left-hand side you should see a big fountain”—and there it was. Everything matched!Standing in front of the house where he grew up as a child, he saw a lady standing at the entrance. It took him a few seconds but he finally remembered what she used to look like.In an interview Brierley says, “My mother came forth and walked forward, and I walked forward, my eyes filled with tears and my brain blank. I just didn’t know what to say, because I never thought seeing my mother would ever come true. And here I am, standing in front of her.”8. Why did Brierley get on the train when he was a little boy?A. To go back to his home.B. To look for his brother.C. To travel toTasmania.D. To follow a stranger.9. What made it difficult for Brierley to find his hometown?A. The vast area ofIndia.B. The fact that he was nobody then.C. His not remembering the town’s name.D. The distance betweenAustraliaand his hometown.10. How did Brierley find his hometown?A. By studying digital maps.B. By analyzing old pictures.C. By travelling all aroundIndia.D. By spreading his story via his book.11. What’s the best title of the passage?A. Love for MotherB. Union with BrotherC. Memory of HometownD. Long Way back HomeDThose who are concerned that robots are taking over the world can rest easy—for now. Though the androids have proved useful at performing ordinary tasks, they are not ready for the greatest time. At least that appears to be the case atJapan’s Henn-na Hotel chain where over half of the robot staff are being replaced by humans.The first location of the unique hotel opened in July 2015 was atNagasaki’s Huis Ten Bosch Theme Park. The hotel’s owner, Hideo Sawada, promised the hotel to be managed primarily by robots. Guests were greeted and checked-in by a dinosaur robot, while a cute android called Churi, placed inside each room, provided information about attractions. Not surprisingly, the lodging, recognized in 2016 as the world’s first robot-staffed hotel by Guinness World Records, drew in curious visitors from all around the world.But as the years have passed, the hotel’s main draw is becoming less novel and more unsatisfactory. Also as the robots are “aging”, they are costing more to repair. Among the 283 androids being replaced are the chain’s two dinosaur receptionists. In addition to scaring young guests, they are also unable to photocopy guests’ passports, forcing human employees to step in each time. Also out are the cute Churi robots, which annoyed guests by interrupting their conversations. For example, one guest told The Wall Street Journal that Churi mistook his snoring for a command and kept asking him to repeat his request all night.Sawada told The Wall Street Journal, “When you actually use robots you realize there are places where they aren’t needed—or just annoy people.” While Sawada may be cutting back on his use of androids, the recently-opened Smart LYZ Hotel and the Fly Zoo Hotel inChina, are run entirely by robots, with not a human in sight. Whether the employees have more competence than those “hired” by the Henn-na Hotel chain remains to be seen.12. What makesJapan’s Henn-na Hotel unique?A. Its robot employees.B. Its advanced equipment.C. Its convenient location.D. Its successful management.13. What is the author’s purpose with the example in paragraph 3?A. To entertain readers.B. To prove Churi’s drawback.C. To introduce Churi’s functions.D. To persuade people not to book the hotel.14. What does the owner ofJapan’s Henn-na Hotel think of his robot staff now?A. Attractive.B. Costly.C. Pioneering.D. Disappointing.15. What is the best title for the text?A. Robots Are Taking Over the World.B. The Boom of Robots-staffed Hotel.C. Robot Staff Are Fired For No Competence.D. The First Robots-staffed Hotel Won Guinness World Record.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
2021年北京市昌平区第一中学高三英语模拟试题及参考答案
2021年北京市昌平区第一中学高三英语模拟试题及参考答案第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项ACharlie Thorne and the Last Equationby Stuart GibbsThe CIA is on a task to find an equation (方程式) called Pandora, which could destroy the world if the wrong people get it. For help, they turn to Charlie, a 12-year-old girl who's as smart as Albert Einstein. People who like action-packed mysteries will enjoy reading this exciting book.AstroNutsby Jon Scieszka and Steven WeinbergIn AstroNuts, the Earth has been destroyed by humans for thousands of years. Four animals set out from Mount Rushmore, the headquarters (总部) of NNASA. Their task is to find a new planet fit for human life. Finally, they discover one: Plant Planet. The story's theme (主题) is simple: Don't harm the planet. Readers who love fantasy will enjoy AstroNuts.Stargazingby Jen WangChristine hears that Moon, who's new in town, is the kind of kid who beats people up for fun. But Moon and her mum come to live with Christine's family, and the two kids become best friends. Moon even shares a big secret with Christine. Stargazing is based on author Jen Wang's experiences as a child. The story is about the power of friendship and how people are able to change.Roll with Itby Jamie SumnerRoll with It is a story about a 12-year-old girl named Ellie. She has difficulty walking on her own and uses a wheelchair. When Ellie and her mum move to another state to take care of Ellie's grandpa, she must learn to navigate (处理) a new school and new friendships. This page-turner is a must-read for everyone. It's a heartwarming story that really shows the value of familyand how being different is special.1. Which book tells readers to protect the place we live in?A.AstroNutsB.Stargazing.C.Roll with It.D.Charlie Thorne and the Last Equation.2. What makes Stargazing different from the other three books?A. It talks about friendship.B. It tells stories about animals.C. It contains lots of scientific knowledge.D. It was written according to the author's experiences.3. What happened to Ellie?A. She had difficulty in making friends.B. She had an accident which left her in a wheelchair.C. She went to a new school and had to start all over again.D. She lost her mum and was taken care of by her grandpa.BGrowing up as kids we are told to share our toys and notto be selfish. We also live in an age when discussing our feelings is encouraged. But when does it all become too much? With new crazes trending all the time, such as dance challenges and wearing a carpet as a dress, the question is: when can sharing become oversharing on social media?“Oversharing” has become associated with social media, but it isn'texclusiveto this platform. Imagine you head to a party and meet x k w someone. Within five minutes they have revealed private details about their life. While some of us may try to escape these people, according to marriage advisor Carolyn Cole, this form of oversharing could come from a strong desire to connect with someone. But how does this translate to social media?Dr. Christopher Hand, a lecturer in cyberpsychology (网络心理学），says the more details people disclose, the less sympathy we express when things go wrong. It seems that searching for sympathy by oversharing is generally considered as negative rather than the cry for help it could really be.However, Dr. Hand's research also seems to suggest that the more we post on a platform, the more socially attractive we become-provided that the posts that we bang out are positive. Even back in 2015, Gwendolyn Seidman PhD said that we should avoid complaining and being negative online. We should also avoid showing off, especially about our love lives. It makes sense-if your date is going “that well", would you really have time to sharea photo with text?So, how can you know if you are oversharing? Well, why not ask your friends in real life. They would probably be happy to tell you if your posts about your breakfast or your complaints about your lack of money really are too much.4. What does the underlined word “exclusive" in paragraph 2 mean?A. Unique.B. Similar.C. Relevant.D. Fundamental.5. Why do some people prefer oversharing at parties?A. To draw others' attention.B. To satisfy others' curiosity.C. To remove negative feelings.D. To develop good relationships.6. Which of the following may Dr. Hand agree with?A. Sharing more details online can attract more sympathy.B. Oversharing negative experiences is equal to crying for help.C. Sharing negative posts can't help one become socially attractive.D. Oversharing isn't likely to happen online when things go wrong.7. According to the text, what should be avoided for online sharing?A. Reflecting on past bad manners.B. Showing a great many expensive goods.C. Writing a recipe for a balanced breakfast.D. Recording unforgettable moments with friends.CDogs are often referred to as “man's best friend”. But MacKenzie, a four-pound Chihuahua (奇瓦瓦狗), who was named winner of the 2020 American Hero Dog competition, is making the world a better place for humans and animals alike. Often called the “Oscars for dogs”, the award recognizes dogs who make great contributions to society.This year's competition attracted over 400 competitors from across the country. While all were impressive, itwas tiny MacKenzie who won the judges' hearts. Born at a rescue shelter in Hilton, New York, in 2013, she had a cleft palate (腭裂) that required her to be tube fed for the first year of her life. A life-saving operation, performed in 2014, gave her the ability to eat and drink independently, enabling the tiny dog to focus on doing what she loved most: taking care of others.The seven-year-old Chihuahua is now gainfully “employed” by the Mid Foundation, a Rochester, New York-based non-profit organization that shelters and cares for animals born with disabilities. MacKenzie's official job is “to provide love and care for baby rescue animals born with birth defects”. The Chihuahua is good at her job and hasnurturedmany different species-from puppies to kittens to turkeys, squirrels, birds and even a goat. She acts as their mother and teaches them how to socialize, play, and have good manners.In addition to her role as an animal caretaker, MacKenzie also has the important job of greeting the foundation's volunteers and friends. The incredible dog, who has lost her ability to bark, also visits area schools to help children understand physical disabilities in both animals and people. Her heart-warming and inspiring story makes MacKenzie worthy of America's top dog honor!8. What made MacKenzie American Hero Dog?A. Being man's best friend.B. Her struggle with disabilities.C. Rescuing animals with disabilities.D. Her contributions to a better world.9. What can we infer about MacKenzie from Paragraph 2?A. Her growth path was not easy.B. She was deserted by her owner.C. She was operated on at two years old.D. She still needs taking care of by others.10. What does the underlined word “nurtured” in Paragraph 3 mean?A. Trained.B. Comforted.C. Tended.D. Abused.11. Which can be a suitable title for the text?A. MacKenzie—The Most Hard-working DogB. MacKenzie—America's “Most Heroic Dog”C. Chihuahua—Inspiration of Positive EnergyD. Chihuahua—Appeal for Animals' ProtectionDThe AI research arm of Alibaba created a machine learning model that received a higher score on the Stanford Question Answering Dataset than humans. The database consists of more than 100,000 questions to test reading comprehension.In early January this year the Alibaba AI software machine scored 82.44 on the test while humans scored 82.304. Besides, computers and AI have already defeated humans, for example in games such as chess. However,it seemed that language skills were superior in humans as machines find languages hard to master.A large number of call center employees, often in developing countries, may be out of work soon if the AI robots are cheaper and as effective as human labor. Soon when you phone a company for information the conversation will go like this: “ We are sorry but all our robots are busy right now. We value your call. Please stay on the line until a robot is free to serve you. There are just 12 callers ahead of you.” A robot will serve you some popular tunes while you wait.Si Luo, who is a chief scientist of natural language processing at Alibaba’s AI research group noted that questions such as “What causes rain?” can now be answered with a high degree of accuracy by robots. Si Luo said, “ We believe the foundational technology can be gradually applied to a lot of applications such as customer service, museum tutorials, and online responses to inquiries from patients, freeing human efforts in a new way.”Si Luo’s team is working closely with Ali Xiaomi, a mobile customer service chatbot. Ali Xiaomi can be customized to be used on Alibaba’s platforms such as Taobao and Tmall. The new AI robots could answer consumers’ questions as they did the Stanford questions. The robots would look for the answers from prepared information. However, there are limits to what the system will be able to do. If questions do not have clear-cut answers, or the questions asked are too unclear or ungrammatical, the robot may not be able to deal with them.12. What can we learn about the Alibaba AI software machine?A. It has been tested in some areas.B. It has become popular since January.C. It has offered a special learning style.D. It has made people interested in reading.13. What does the example in paragraph 3 show about the AI robots?A. They should have better language skills.B. They may replace humans in some fields.C. They need to be customized to serve customers.D. They will be widely used in developing countries.14. How does Si Luo feel about the foundational technology?A. Doubtful.B. Worried.C. Curious.D. Confident.15. What can we infer from the lastparagraph about Ali Xiaomi?A. It needs to improve in some ways.B. It is connected with another system.C. It is a platform to show good service.D. It can answer any questions accordingly.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
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昌平区2020-2021学年第一学期期末考试初三英语试卷2021.1一、单项填空(共6分，每小题0.5分)1.M r.Wa n g i n a f r i e n d l y t e a c h e r.w e a l l l i k e v e r y mu c h.A.h e rB.h i mC.t h e mD.u s2.T h e f a mo u s b a s k e t b a l l p l a y e r,Y a o M i n g,j o i n e d t h e b e N B A2002.A.a tB.i nC.t oD.f r o m3.J.K.R o w l i n g l i v e d a h a r d l i f e s h e d i d n’t g i v e u p w r i t i n g.A.a n dB.s oC.b u tD.b e c a u s e4.M u m,c a n I p l a y w i t h my d o g f o r w h i l e?--S o r r y,y o u.Y o u s h o u l d f i n i s h y o u r h o me w o r k f i r s t.A.c a n’tB.n e e d n’tC.mu s t n’tD.w o u l d n't5.T h e t i m e w h e n I l i v e d i n t h e c o u n t y w a s o n e o f p e r i o d s i n m y l i f e.A.h a p p yB.h a p p i e rC.t h e h a p p i e s tD.h a p p i l y6.-d o y o u h e l p i n t h e C h i l d r e n's H o u s e.B e t t y?--T w i c e a mo n t h.A.H o ws o o nB.H o wl o n gC.H o wf a rD.H o wo f t e n7.L i s t e n!J a c k b e a u t i f u l l y i n t h e mu s i c c l a s s r o o m.A.i s s i n g i n gB.a r e s i n g i n gC.w a s s i n g i n gD.w i l l b e s i n g i n g8.O u r f a m i l y w i l l g o h i k i n g i f i t t o mo r r o w.A.d o e s n’t r a i nB.d i d n’t r a i nC.w o n't r a n Di s n't r a i n i n g9.E mi l y t o l e a r n E n g l i s h w h e n s h e w a s8y e a r s o l d.A.h a s b e g u nB.b e g a nC.b e g i n sD.b e g i n10.I t e n E n g l i s h n o v e l s s i n c e I j o i n e d t h e E n g l i s h r e a d i n g c l u b.A.r e a d sB.r e a dC.h a v e r e a dD.w i l l r e a d11.T h e f i r s t mo b i l e p h o n e i n A p r i l,1973b y M a r t i n L a w r e n c e C o o p e r.A.I n v e n t B i n v e n t e d C.i s i n v e n t e d D.w a s i n v e n t e d12.D o y o u k n o w,f i v e y e a r n a g o?第1页共1页-----Y e s.H e l i v e d i n S h a n g h a i.A.w h e r e d o e s h e l i v eB.w h e r e h e l i v eC.w h e r e d i d h e l i v e Dw h e r e h e l i v e d二、完形填空(共8分，每小题1分)H o ws c h o o l p l a y s ma k e a d i f f e r e n c eE v e r y o n e r e me mb e r s t h e i r f i r s t t i me o n s t a g e.T h e s c h o o l p l a y i s t h e f i r s t t i me mo s t o f u s e x p e r i e n c e d o i n g d r a ma.I t's t h e f i r s t c h a n c e t o b o t h t e s t y o u r a c t i n g s k i l l s a n d b u i l d u p y o u r s e l f-c o n f i d e n c e.A l t h o u g h I h a v e b e e n d e e p l y i n t e r e s t e d i n a c t i n g f r o m a v e r y y o u n g a g e,I h a v e n't g o t a13t o a c t u a l l y a c t o n s t a g e.T h a t's w h y I w a s s o n e r v o u s f o r t h e p l a y C h a r l i e a n d t h e C h o c o l a t e F a c t o r y i n my f i r s t y e a r o f s c h o o l.A f t e r s t u d y i n g a l l t h e c h a r a c t e r s i n t h e p l a y,I c h o s e V e r u c a S a l t.D i s a p p o i n t i n g l y,I o n l y g o t a14w i t h n o l i n e s.Id i d n't s a y a w o r d a t a l l.H o we v e r,t h i s w a s myf i r s t p e r f o r ma n c e o n s t ag e,I s t i l l r e m e m b e r th e f e e li n g s I h a dw h e n t h e l i g h t s w e n t d o w n a n d I n o t i c e d t h a t ma n y p e o p l e w e r e t h e r e t o w a t c h.A f t e r t h a t,I d e c i d e d t o15a n y d i f f i c u l t y n e x t t i me.I d i d w e l l i n r e a d i n g a l o u d i n c l a s s a n d1k n e wI h a d t o t a k e g o o d a d v a n t a g e o f t h a t.S o w h e n t h e c h a n c e o f t h e p l a y P i n n o c h i o c a m e,I ma d e u p m y mi n d t o b e t h en a r r a t o r(旁白).A s I s t o o d i n f r o n t o f t h e t e a c h e r s,I w a s s o16a g a i n w h e n I r e a l i z e d I w a s t h e o n l y g i r l g o i n g f o r t h e p a r t.B u t a f t e r t h e b o y s b e f o r e me c o u l d n't f i n i s h t h e i r l i n e s,i t w a s my t i me t o g e t r i g h t.I s t e p p e d f o r w a r d, t o o k a d e e p b r e a t h a n d w e n t f o r i t.I d i d i t!I w i l l n e v e r17t h e mo me n t I s t o o d i n t h e b r i g h t l i g h t w i t he v e r y o n e's a t t e n t i o n.I e v e n r e me mb e r t h e b e a u t if u l d r e s s my m o m ma d e me t o18w h i l e n a r r a t i n g.B l a c k w i t h h e a v yg o l d th r e a d(线)r u n ni n g t h r o u g h i t,i t m a d e m e l o o k s u p e r a n d s ma r t,R e c e n t l y,1w a t c h e d t h e p l a y T h e S n o wWh i t e a t t h e N a t i o n a l T h e a t r e.T h e j o y o n t h e f a c e s o f t h e l i t t l ea c t o r s a n d a c t r e s s e s w a s19.F o r t h o s e y o u n g s t u d e n t s w h o a c t i n s c h o o l p l a y s,t h e yb u i l d u p s t r o n gc o n f ide n c e,a g r e a t p o w e r of l e a r n i ng a n d e v e n a b e a u t i f u l d r e a m t o b e a r e a l a c t o r o r a c t r e s s i n th e f u t u r e.T h a t's w h y t h e b l a c k a n d g o l d20s t i l l h a n g s i n my o l d b e d r o o m.A n d I h a v e t o b e h o n e s t i t d i d l o o k g r e a t i n t h e l i g h t.13.A.c h a n c e B.t i me C.m o me n t D.p e r i o d14.A.p a g e B.r o l e C.v o i c e D.w o r d15.A.e x p e r i e n c e B.i ma g i n e C.o v e r c o m e D.r e m e m b e r16.A.p l e a s e d B.n e r v o u s C.l u c k y D.a n g r y17.A,c o u n t B.r e p e a t C.f o r g e t D.c a t c h18.A,w e a r B.s h o w C.s e e D.t h i n k19.A.p u b l i c B.s e r i o u s C.r i g h t D.c l e a r20.A.l i g h t B.f a c e C.t h r e a d D.d r e s s阅读理解三、阅读下列短文，根据短文内容，从短文后各题所绘的A、B、C、D四个选项中选择最佳选项（共26分，每小题2分）A第2页共2页B o d y l a n g u a g e i s a n i mp o r t a n t s o c i a l s k i l l t o s h o ww h a t w e w a n t t o s h a r e.I t c a n ma k e y o u r w o r d s c l e a r e ra n d h e l p g e tb e t t e r r e s u l t s.T h e r e a r e ma n y k i n d s o f b o d y l a n g u a g e.T h e y me a n d i f f e r e n t t h i n g s.F a c i a l e x p r e s s i o n sw e c a n s h o wa l o t o f f e e l i n g s w i t h o u r f a c e s,l i k e h a p p i n e s s,s a d n e s s,s u r p r i s e,e x c i t e m e n t,f e a r a n d s o o n.T h e y a r e a l mo s t t h e s a me i n d i f f e r e n t c u l t u r e s..T h e y c a n h e l p u s d e c i d e i f w e c a n t r u s t a p e r s o n,o r ma k e t h e mt r u s t u s.G e s t u r e sG e s t u r e s a r e t h e s i g n s w e ma k e w i t h o u r h a n d s w h i l e t a l k i n g,P e o p l e u s e t h e m mo s t l y w h e n t h e i n t o ma k e a p o i n t o r a r g u e w i t h o t h e r s.H o w e v e r,s o m e g e s t u r e s c a n m e a n d i f f e r e n t t h i n g i n d i f f e r e n t c u l t u r e s.S o y o us h o u l d b e r e a l l y c a r e f u l w i t h t h e m.M o v e me n tM o v e me n t i s t h e w a y p e o p l e w a l k,s t a n d,s i t,o r h o l d t h e i r h e a d.A n d w h e n p e o p l e t a l k w i t h o t h e r s,t h e y a l s o n e e d t o s h a k e h a n d s o r h u g t h e m.T h e y c a n t e l l a l o t o f i n f o r m a t i o n.T h e y s h o wp e o p l e's m a n n e r,b e h a v i o r,c h a r a c t e r a nd le v e l of e d u c a t i o n.E y e c o n t a c tT h i s i s t h e w a y y o u l o o k a t s o me o n e.H o wmu c h e y e c o n t a c t y o u ma k e c a n t e l l a l o t o f t h i n g s a b o u t y o u a n d w h a t y o u a r e t r y i n g t o s a y.B u t r e me mb e r n o t t o s t a r e（盯）a t o t h e r s a l l t h e t i me.I t w i l l m a k e t h e m f e e l u p s e t.21.Wh i c h b o d y l a n g u a g e i s a l mo s t t h e s a m e i n d i f f e r e n t c u l t u r e s?A.F a c i a l e x p r e s s i o n s.B.G e s t u r e s.C.M o v e me n t.D.E y e c o n t a c t.22.Wh e n d o w e mo s t l y u s e g e s t u r e s?A.Wh e n w e s h o wf e e l i n g s w i t h o u r f a c e s.B Wh e n w e t r y t o ma k e a p o i n t.C.Wh e n w e s h a k e h a n d s w i t h o t h e r s.D.Wh e n w e l o o k a t o t h e r s,23.H o ww i l l p e o p l e f e e l i f w e s t a r e a t t h e m a l l t h e t i me?A.H a p p y.B.F e a r f u l.C.E x c i t e d.DU p s e t.BT h e u s u a l w a y o f s h o w i n g o n e's l o v e i s e x p r e s s i n g i t w i t h w o r d s,b u t my D a d i s d i f f e r e n t.H e’s t h e o n e w h o c a r e d s o m u c h f o r me a n d s h o w e d l o v e i n s o m a n y o t h e r w a y s t h a n t h e'u s u a l'w a y s o f o t h e r a d u l t s.I n my e a r l i e r y e a r s I w o u l d w a k e my D a d u p a n d s a y,“D a d,I'm h u n g r y.C o u l d y o u m a k e me s o me t h i n g t o e a t" "S u r e,w h a t a q u e s t i o n.H o wa b o u t a p i e c e o f s t e a k a n d s o me e g g s?"H e w o u l d a n s w e r h a p p i l y."We l l,I'm n o ts u r e,i t w o u l d b e t o o mu c h t r o u b l e,"w o u l d s a y w i t h o u t l i s t e n i n g t o my s t o ma c h."N o w o r r i e s,"w o u l d b e h i s r e p l y w i t h j o y,a s h e a l w a y s a n s w e r e d me t h a t w a y.S u n d a y i s my D a d's o n l y r e s t d a y b u t h e w o u l d c o me u p t o me a n d s a y."H o wa b o u t a g a me o f c r i c k e t?""Y e s, D a d!T h a t w i l l b e g r e a t,”I w o u l d r e p l y h a p p i l y.O n t h e d a y s w h e n h e w a s t o o t i r e d t o p l a y,h e w o u l d s t i l l s a y,"Y e a h, s u r e!I’l l p l a y."M y M o m w o u l d c o me a n d c a l l me t o t h e s i d e a n d e x p l a i n t h a t my D a d w a s j u s t t o o t i r e d t o p l a yb u tc o u ld n o t s a y n o t o m e.He a l w a y s h a d a n d h a s t i mef o r me.A s t i me f l e wb y I s t a r t e d t o b e c o me a t e e n a g e r w i t h i n d e p e n d e n c e a n d w h a t s e e me d t o m e a s a c h i l d i s h第3页共3页g a me o v e r f o o d b e c a me a s t u p i d i d e a.O n t h e d a y's h e d i d n't w o r k h e w o u l d c o me t o me."G i v e D a d a s mi l e,"h e w o u l d s a y e n c o u r a g i n g l y."D a d,a t t h e m o me n t I c a n’t s mi l e."I w o u l d s a y."P l e a s e.j u s t o n e s mi l e a n d t h e n Iw o n't a s k a g a i n,"h e w o u l d p l a y f u l l y.L o o k i n g a t h i s f u n n y f a c e.I c o u l d n't h e l p s mi l i n g.I w r o t e t h i s t o t h a n k my D a d.T h e o n e w h o w o u l d ma k e me f o o d l a t e a t n i g h t w h e n I wt o o t i r e d t o d o s o.T h e o n e w h o w o u l d s i t b y my b e d i n my t i m e o f g r e a t e s t n e e d.T h e o n e w h o c o u l d n't s a y n o t o h i s s o n.24.H o wd i d t h e w r i t e r's D a d s h o wh i s l o v e?A.B y e x p r e s s i n g i t w i t h w o r d s.B.B y e x p r e s s i n g i t w i t h g i f t s.C.B y s h o w i n g i t w i t h u n u s u a l w a y s.D.B y s h o w i n g i t w i t h ma n y g a me s.25.Wh e n i s D a d's r e s t d a y?A.O n S a t u r d a y.B.O n S u n d a y.C.T h e c r i c k e t d a y.D.T h e s mi l i n g d a y.26.Wh a t k i n d o f p e r s o n i s h i s D a d?A.C a r i n g b u t l o n e l y.B.F u n n y b u t w o r r i e d.C.c a r i n g a n d p a t i e n t.D.F u n n y a n d s i l e n t.CE v e r s i n c e t h e i n v e n t i o n o f t h e e-r e a d e r c a m e i n t o b e i n g,b o o k-l o v e r s e v e r y w h e r e h a v e b e e n d e b a t i n g w h i c h i s b e t t e r--t h e e-b o o k o r t h e t r a d i t i o n a l p a p e r b o o k.C a n t h e p r i c e s o f p a p e r b o o k s c o mp e t e w i t h t h e l o wp r i c e s o f e-b o o k s?D o e s t h e c o n v e n i e n c e o f e-b o o k s c o mp a r e w i t h t h e f e e l i n g o f a r e a l b o o k i n y o u r h a n d s?Wh e n I w a s y o u n g,I r e a l l y l o v e d r e a d i n g p a p e r b o o k s.Wi t h t h e r a p i d d e v e l o p me n t o f t h e t e c h n o l o g y,e-b o o k s h a v e b e c o me v e r y p o p u l a r.A s a r e s u l t,I p e r s o n a l l y e n j o y b o t h w i t h ma n y g o o d r e a s o n s.1.E-b o o k s a r e mo r e c o n v e n i e n t t o c a r r y a r o u n d.I f y o u’r e l i k e me,b e f o r e g o i n g o n a v a c a t i o n,t h e h a r d e s t p a r t p a c k i n g ma y b e c h o o s i n g w h a t b o o k s t o b r i n g. Y o u r s u i t c a s e c a n o n l y h o l d s o m e o f t h e b o o k s y o u l i k e.Wh a t i f y o u f i n i s h t h o s e b e f o r e y o u r v a c a t i o n i s o v e r?O r w h a t i f y o u g e t b o r e d w i t h t h e m a n d w a n t t o r e a d s o m e t h i n g e l s e?Wi t h a n e-r e a d e r,y o u n e v e r h a v e t o w o r r ya b o u t t h e s e k i n d s o f p r o b l e ms,w h i c h c a r r i e s a r o u n d t h o u s a n d s o f b o o k s a l l o n a d e v i c e t h a t w e i g h t s t h a n ap o u n d.2.E-b o o k s a r e mo r e e f f e c t i v e l y t o r e a d.S i n c e e-b o o k s c a n s h o wt h e w o r d s i n d i f f e r e n t s i z e s a n d e v e n r e a d t h e b o o k s t o u s,i t h a s t h e a d v a n t a g e f o r p e o p l e w h o m i g h t h a v e a h a r d t i me r e a d i n g o r p e o p l e w i t h p o o r e y e s i g h t.P e o p l e c a n a l s o c h o o s e h o wma n yw o r d s t o d i s p l a y o n o n e l i n e o r h o wmu c h s p a c e t h e r e i s b e t w e e n l i n e s a c c o r d i n g t o t h e i r p e r s o n a l p r e f e r e n c e s. T h i s a l l o w s t h o s e w i t h r e a d i n g d i s a b i l i t i e s t o r e a d mo r e e f f e c t i v e l y,3.P a p e r b o o k s h e l p w i t h r e a d e r s'u n d e r s t a n d i n g.T h o u g h e-b o o k s ma y b e e a s i e r a n d f a s t e r t o r e a d,s t u d i e s s h o wp a p e r b o o k s a r e b e t t e r f o r u n d e r s t a n d i n g.A c c o r d i n g t o a s t u d y b y J a m e s M a d i s o n U n i v e r s i t y,r e a d e r s a r e m o r e l i k e l y t o s k i m e-b o o k s t h a n p a p e r b o o k s, w h i c h l e a d s t o l e s s u n d e r s t a n d i n g o f t h e c o n t e n t.P a p e r b o o k s a l l o wr e a d e r s t o r e a d s l o w l y a n d d e e p l y w h i c hg i v e r e a d e r s mo r e c h a n c e s t o t h i n k o v e r a n d u n d e r s t a n d mo r e.4.P a p e r b o o k s h e l p w i t h r e a d e r s's l e e p.第4页共4页S t u d i e s a l s o s h o wt h e l i g h t f r o m s o me e-b o o k s c a u s e s s l e e p i n g p r o b l e ms.T h e b r i g h t s c r e e n s o f e-r e a d e r s c a n c a u s e p e o p l e t o t a k e l o n g e r t o f a l l a s l e e p o r,i n s o m e c a s e s i n s o mn i a.P a p e r b o o k s d o n't c a u s e t h e s ep r o b l e ms.S o,i f y o u'r e a p e r s o n w h o c a n't e a s i l y f a l l a s l e e p o r h a s p r o b l e m s w i t h i n s o mn i a,p a p e r b o o k s h a v et h e a d v a n t a g e.I n a w o r d,b o t h e-b o o k s a n d p a p e r b o o k s h a v e t h e i r a d v a n t a g e s.S o,a s f o r t h e b e g i n n i n g q u e s t i o n,"Wh i c h i s b e t t e r-t h e e-b o o k o r t h e t r a d i t i o n a l p a p e r b o o k?I d o n't t h i n k t h e r e's a i g h t a n s w e r.A s f o r me,I s a y,w h y n o t b o t h?27.Wh a t c a n w e l e a r n f r o m t h e p a s s a g e?A.E-b o o k s h e l p r e a d e r s s o l v e t h e p r o b l e m o f p a c k i n g b y d i s p l a y i n g m o r e w o r d s o n o n e l i n eB.E-b o o k s h e l p r e a d e r s w i t h r e a d i n g d i s a b i l i t i e s b y s h o w i n g mo r e i n t e r e s t i n g s t o r y b o o k sC.P a p e r b o o k s h e l p r e a d e r s u n d e r s t a n d mo r e b y g i v i n g r e a d e r s mo r e c h a n c e s t o t h i n k.D.P a p e r b o o k s h e l p r e a d e r s w i t h s l e e p i n g p r o b l e ms b y w i d e r s p a c e b e t w e e n l i n e s.28.Wh a t d o e s t h e u n d e r l i n e d w o r d"i n s o mn i a"me a n?A.A n i n a b i l i t y t o s l e e p.B.A n i n a b i l i t y t o w a k e u p.C.A n a b i l i t y t o s l e e p.D.A n a b i l i t y t o w a k e u p.9.Wh i c h o f t h e f o l l o w i n g w i l l t h e w r i t e r mo s t l y t a k e o n v a c a t i o n?A.S o m e p a p e r b o o k s t h a t a r e e a s i e r t o f i n i s h.B.O n e t h i c k p a p e r b o o k t o k e e p h i s v a c a t i o n l o n g e r.C.A n e-r e a d e r t o k e e p a w a y f r o m b o r i n g c h a t t i n gD.B o t h a n e-r e a d e r a n d h i s f a v o r i t e p a p e r b o o k s.DD o g s h a v e a n a ma z i n g t a l e n t f o r u n d e r s t a n d h u ma n s o c i a l b e h a v i o r,a n d t h e y c a n t a k e a c t i o n s u p o n h u ma n o r d e r s,b u t w h a t i f t h e y a r e g i v e n i n s t r u c t i o n s n o t b y r e a l h u ma n s b u t b y h u ma n o i d r o b o t s t h a t b e h a v e l i k eh u ma n s?Wi l l d o g s o b e y t h e r o b o t's o r d e r s?A t t h e I n t e r n a t i o n a l C o n f e r e n c e o n H u m a n R o b o t I n t e r a c t i o n2020.r e s e a r c h e r s a t Y a l e U n i v e r s i t y's S o c i a lR o b o t i c s L a b t e s t e d h o wd o g s r e s p o n d e d t o i n s t r u c t i o n s f r o m r o b o t s.Ag r o u p o f34d o g s p a r t i c i p a t e d i n t h ee x p e r i me n t,a n d e a c h d o g w a s t e s t e d w i t h e i t h e r a s p e a k e r o r a h u ma n-l i k e r o b o t i n a r o o m.Af t e r a b r i e fi n t r o d u c t i o n t o t h e t e s t i n g e n v i r o n me n t,t h e r o b o t o r s p e a k e r c a l l e d t h e d o g's n a m e,u s i n g t h e s a m e v o i c e.T h e n t h e r o b o t o r s p e a k e r w o u l d g i v e a"s i t"o r d e r,w h i c h w a s t h e r e a l t e s t.R e s u l t s o f t h e e x p e r i me n t s s h o w e d t h a t t h e d o g s p a i d mo r e a t t e n t i o n t o t h e r o b o t t h a n t h e s p e a k e r.D o g so b e y e d t h e"s i t o r d e r o v e r60%o f t h e t i me w h e n i t c a me f r o m t h e r o b o t,b u t l e s s t h a n20%o f t h e t i me w h e n i tc a me f r o m t h e s p e a k e r,e v e n i f t h e yd i d l o o k a b i t c o n f u se d a b o u t t h e w h o l e t h i n g a t t i me s,Wh i l e t h e s e r e s u l t s a r e c e r t a i n l y i n t e r e s t i n g,i t's i mp o r t a n t t o a n s w e r t h e q u e s t i o n o f w h e t h e r d o g s c o u l dr e s p o n d t o a s o c i a l r o b o t a t a l l.T h e r e s e a r c h e r s w e r e g i v i n g t h e d o g s a g r e a t o p p o r t u n i t y.F o r e x a mp l e,t h e d o g s' o w n e r s w e r e i n s t r u c t e d t o i n t e r a c t w i t h t h e r o b o t,t a l k i n g t o i t a n d ma k i n g e y e c o n t a c t,t o h e l p e n c o u r a g e t h ed o g s t o se e t h e r o b o t a sf r i e n d l y a n d ma k e t h e a n x i e t y l e s s w h i l e a l s o d r a w i ng a t t e n t i o n t o th e r o b o t.H o w e v e r, t h e y,h a v e n't di s c o v e r e d w h a t f a c t o r s(#)m i g h t i n c r e a s e o r d e c r e a s e t h a t l i k e l i h o o d.第5页共5页"S i n c e d o g s a r e v e r y s e n s i t i v e t o h u ma n s o c i a l c u e s(#x fã9),t h e r o b o t b e i n g.h u ma n o i d o r n o t ma y ma k e a d i f f e r e n c e,l e a d r e s e a r c h e r M e i y i n g Q i n s a i d."Y e t,i f a n o n-h u ma n o i d r o b o t b e h a v e s l i k e a d o g o r s h o w s a n ys o c i a l b e h a v i o r s,d o g s ma y a l s o r e s p o n d i n a s o c i a l ma n n e r.'"N o wt h a t w e h a v e e v i d e n c e t h a t d o g s d o r e s p o n d t o s o c i a l r o b o t s,t h e n e x t s t e p i s t o f i g u r e o u t w h a t w eh a v e n't d i s c o v e r e d y e t,"a d d e d M e i y i n g Q i n.'H u ma n o i d r o b o t,w h i c h i s o n e o f t h e g r e a t e s t i n v e n t i o n i n t h e20hc e n t u r y,i s t h e ad v a n ce d r e p r e s e n t a t i o n of r o b o t t e c h n i q u e S o me p e o p l e ma y q u e s t i o n t h e v a l u e o f m a k i n gs o c i a l r o b o t s f o r p e t s.D o g s a r e n't t h e o n l y a n i m a l s t h a t r o b o t s i n t e r a c t w i t h,o f c o u r s e t h e l a r g e r i d e a i s t h a t b y s t u d y i n g h o wd o g s b e h a v e t o w a r d s o c i a l r o b o t s r e l a t i v e t o h u ma n s,i t c a n h e l p u s u n d e r s t a n d b o ws o c i a l r o b o t s a f f e c t o u r o w n b e h a v i o r,t o o.30.P a r a g r a p h2i s ma i n l y a b o u tA.h o wt h e t e s t w a s p e r f o r me dB.w h a t w a s f o u n d i n t h e t e s tC.w h y t h e s c i e n t i s t s d i d t h e t e s tD.w h o t o o k p a r t i n t h e t e s t31.T h e r e s e a r c h e r l a t e r w i l l p r o b a b l y f o c u s o n.A.h u ma n o r d e r s g i v e n t o d o g sB.f a c t o r t o a f f e c t d o g’s r e s p o n s eC.r o b o t t e c h n i q u e t o d e v e l o pD.s o c i a l r o b o t s d e s i g n e d f o r p e t s32.We c a n l e a r n f r o m t h e e x p e r i m e n t t h a t.A.d o g s s e l d o m o b e y t h e o r d e r f r o m a h u ma n o i d r o b o tB.d o g s p a y l e s s a t t e n t i o n t o a me c h a n i c a l-l o o k i n g r o b o tC.d o g s c a n p a y mo r e a t t e n t i o n t o o w n e r s’v o i c e i n t h e s p e a k e rD.d o g s c a n u n d e r s t a n d t h e s o c i a l me a n i n g s f r o m ma c h i n e s33.T h e l e a d r e s e a r c h e r M e i y i n g Q i n p r o b a b l y a g r e e s t h a t.A.h u ma n o i d r o b o t s c a n i n f l u e n c e h u ma n s’b e h a v i o r sB.i t i s w o r t h l e s s t o d e s i g n a d v a n c e d r o b o t s f o r a n i ma l sC.r o b o t s w i l l t a k e t h e p l a c e o f h u ma n s t o l o o k a f t e r p e t sD.h u ma n s d o n’t r e s p o n d s o c i a l l y t o n o n-h u ma n o i d r o b o t s四、阅读短文，根据短文内容回答问题。