定语从句注意事项

高一英语

定语从句（The Attributive Clause）

一. 在复合句中，修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫做定语从句。

Eg：Do you know the comrade ？

He gave us the talk this afternoon。

Do you know the comrade（who gave us the talk this afternoon）？

先行词关系代词从句先行词———被定语从句修饰的词是先行词。

定语从句一般紧跟在先行词后面。

定语从句分为限制性和非限制性两种。

关系词----引导定语从句的连接词。分为关系代词和关系副词两种。

关系代词：

先行词是人—用who，whom ，whose ，that

先行词是事物---用which，that

关系副词：

先行词表时间---用when

先行词表地点--- 用where

先行词表原因--- 用why

This is the house. Once LuXun lived in the house.

This is the house that once Lu Xun lived in.

I still remember the day. I first came to Beijing on the day.

I still remember the day when I first came to Beijing.

二. 关系代词的用法

that指物，也指人，在从句中做主语或宾语。

1．A plane is a machine that can fly 。

2．Who is the man that is reading the newspaper over there？

3 . The finger that I put into my mouth was not the one that I had dipped into the cup。Which指物，在从句中作主语或宾语。

1. A chemist’s shop is a shop which sells medicine.

2. The film which we saw last night was wonderful .

Who whom whose 指人，在从句中分别作主语，宾语和定语。

1. The comrade who visited our class yesterday is our new headmaster。

2. Who’s the man whom you just talked to ?

3. Wei Fang is the student whose home caught fire last week.

有介词的用法:

This is the room in which we lived last year。

Who’s the comrade whom you just shook hands with?

Is this the book which she was looking for ?

The babies whom the nurses are looking after are very healthy.

三：关系副词的用法

1．I still remember the day when I first came to Beijing。

2．I’ll never forget the day when I joined the League.

3．This is the house where I lived two years ago.

4．The factory where his father works is in the west of the city.

注意以下各点：

1．关系代词作从句的主语，从句的谓语必须与先行词一致。

1）This is the girl who plays the piano everyday。

2）He is one of the workers who work in that factory。

2.在以下情况下用that 而不用which

1）先行词是all ，nobody ，no one ，somebody ，someone ，anybody ，much，little，everything，none，something，anything，nothing，few，the only 等

He did everything that he could to help us。

All the apples that fall down are eaten by the pigs。

I hope that the little that I’ve been able to do has been of some use.

2) 先行词前有only，any ，little ，no ，all，one of 等修饰时。

You can take any seat that is free。

3）先行词是序数词，数词或者被序数词修饰时

This is the first composition that I’ve written in English..

4) 先行词是最高级或被形容词的最高级修饰

This is the best film that has been shown in our city this year。

5）先行词是be 的表语时

It’s a book that will help you a lot.

6) 关系代词在定语从句中作表语时

The village is no longer the poor place that it used to be。

7）先行词既包括人，又包括物时

Later my father and Mr Wang talked for about half an hour of things and persons that they remembered in the school。

8）主句以there be 开头时

There is a seat in the corner that is still free。

3.只能用which 的情况

1）关系代词前有介词时

This is the room in which we lived last year。

2）引导非限制性定语从句时

His dog，which was now vey old，became ill and died。

3）先行词后有插入语时

Here is the English grammar book which，as I’ve told you , will help improve your English.

4）非限制性定语从句可把前面的整个句子作先行词，

The clock struck thirteen，which made everyone laugh。

4.关系代词作定语，先行词无论是人或事物,一律用whose

This is the room whose windows face south.

先行词是事物时关系代词whose可用of which 代替

The house whose windows face the south is our office。= The house the windows of which face the south is our office.

In the evening they arrived at a hill，at the foot of which there was a temple。

They marched through the square，in the middle of which stood a monument。

5.当先行词前有the same，such , as等修饰时用关系代词as 引导限制性定语从