中美反托拉斯和反垄断合作谅解备忘录签署中英文
经济新词汇的英语翻译
经济新词汇的英语翻译Controlling Stake控制股Market Segment分块市场Marking Budget营销预算Specialty Shop专营商店Promotion Budget促销预算Networks for sales and service销售和服务网络Market Demand市场需求Brand Recognition品牌认可/认同Industrial Complex工业生产基地/综合体Marketing Savvy营销知识/技能Listed Companies上市公司Premium Brands优质品牌Distribution Channels销售渠道Access to Market市场准入Mergers and Acquisitions兼并与收购，并购CEPA (Closer Economic Partnership Arrangements)内地和香港更紧密经贸关系安排QFII (Qualified Foreign Institutional Investor)外国机构投资者机制, 意思是指合格的外国投资者制度,是QDII制的反向制度。
QDII (Qualified Domestic Institutional Investors)认可本地机构投资者机制，是允许在资本帐项未完全开放的情况下，内地投资者往海外资本市场进行投资。
Avian Influenza禽流感NPC & CPPCC两会3G (Third Generation) Moblie第三代移动通信Comparatively Prosperous小康Six-Party Talk (DPRK Nuke Talk)六方会谈（朝鲜核问题会谈）NPL (Non-performing loans)不良债权Farmers, Rural Areas, Agriculture Production三农Three Greens三绿SARS (Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome)严重急性呼吸系统综合症（非典型性肺炎）Windows Longhorn微软即将推出的下一代操作系统（长牛角）Little Smart小灵通（中国网通和中国电信联合推出的移动通信产品，实行单向收费）IPO (Initial Public Offering)首次公开发行（是公司上市的标志）Sino-US Joint Commission on Commerce and Trade (JCCT)中美联合商贸委员会Floating RMB浮动元JV (Joint Venture)合资企业Wi-Fi (Wireless Internet Access)无线互联网接入Lunar Probe Project登月计划Anti-dumping反倾销Shenzhou V神州5号WEF (World Economic Forum)世界经济论坛World Economic Development Summit世界经济发展高峰会Boao Forum for Asia博鳌亚洲论坛AMC (Asset Management Company)资产管理公司Get the Green Light获得批准Distressed Asset (DA)不良资产Chinese Academy of Social Sciences中国社会科学院SMS (Short Message Service)短信息服务MMS (Multimedia Message Service)多媒体信息服务（基于3G技术）Ex-CEO前CEONational Council Social Security Fund 国家社会保障基金Energy Conservation能源保护China Household Electrical Appliances Association中国家用电器协会China-US Mediation Center中美调停中心Make One´s Debut首次登场National Development and Reform Commission (NDRC)国家发展和改革委员会Tax Rebate出口退税Stable and Rapid Economic Growth Without Fluctuations 稳定快速无大起大落的经济增长Portal Website门户网站Image Ambassador形象大使Propellant推动者GMBH股份有限公司Tender标书Future Exchange期货交易TT (Technology Transfer)技术转让ISP (Internet Service PRovider)互联网服务提供商Approval Rate支持率Portfolio Investment证券投资Worldwide Economy Uniformity世界经济一体化JIT (Just-In-Time) Manufacturing System准时制造系统EMCS (Engineer, Manufacture and Customer Service) 工程，生产和客户服务Well-off Society小康社会Interim Constitution临时宪法FDA (Food and Drug Adminstration)美国食品药品管理局Sui Generis独特的NIEO (New International Economic Order)新的国际经济新秩序Tariff Barrier关税壁垒MNC (Multinational Company)跨国公司FDI (Foreign Direct Investment)外国直接投资Economic Integration经济一体化Keep RMB Rate at Its Current Level保持人民币汇率Exchange Rate Mechanism汇率机制Transitional Grace Period过渡时期优惠期International Transaction国际交易Speculative Capital投机资本Current Account经常项目On the Condition of Anonymity匿名Sand Storm沙尘暴Protectionist Measures保护主义措施WTO ProtocolWTO协议Conform to WTO Spirits and Agreements遵循WTO精神和条款Dispute-Settling Mechanism争端解决机制Subsidy Act补贴行为Steer the Big Ship of China´s Economy掌控中国经济的大船Balanced and Relatively-Fast Economic Growth平衡相对快速的经济增长Deep-Seated Problems根深蒂固的问题Decision-Making Mechanism决策机制Scrutiny From Every Corner of Society来自社会各方面的监督Peaceful Reunification和平统一All-round, Coordinated and Sustainable Development 全面协调可持续发展Revitalize Old Industrial Bases振兴老工业基地Four Major Tasks: Restructure State Firms, Promote the Non-State Sector, Optimize Industrial Mix and Absorb More Investment四项任务：重组国有企业，促进非公有行业，优化工业结构，吸收更多投资International Community国际社会A Fair, Equitable and Non-discriminary Multilateral Trading System公平、公正、非歧视的多边贸易体制Initial Stage Success初步胜利Memorandum of Understanding (MOU)谅解备忘录Payment in Arrear拖欠的付款Farmers-Turned-Construction-Workers农民工Soft Landing软着陆Exceed the Benchmark突破xxx大关Manned Spaceflight载人航天飞行Overall National Strength综合国力Unswerving Stance坚定不移的立场Traffic Volume流量（点击量）WAP (Wireless Application Protocol)无线应用协议Three Representatives三个代表PAS (Personal Access Phone System)个人接入电话系统China Consumers Association中国消费者协会GM (Genetically Modified)转基因HPAI (High Pathogenic AI)高致病禽流感Ultimatum最后通牒Trade Consultation贸易磋商RTA (Regional Trade Arrangements)区域贸易安排Ownership Structure所有制结构China-US Joint Commission on Commerce and Trade （JCCT）中美商贸联委会IPR (Intellectual Property Rights)知识产权China Association of Enterprises中国企业联合会MES (Market Economy Status)市场经济地位MET (Market Economy Treatment)市场经济待遇Optimal Allocation of Resources资源最优配置High-level Talks高层会谈WAPI无线局域网鉴别与保密基础结构Reorganization and Transformation into Stock Company股份制改造和重组Tax Rebates出口退税Conglomerate企业集团Production VAT生产型 VATConsumption VAT消费型 VATAll disputes shall, first of all, be settled amicably by negotiation.一切争端应首先通过友好会谈进行解决。
关贸总协定英文版
关贸总协定英文版以下是关贸总协定的英文版：The General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT) was an international agreement that was designed to promote free trade between member nations. It was signed on January 1, 1947, and came into force on January 1, 1948. The GATT was originally signed by 23 countries and went through several rounds of negotiations, known as "GATT rounds," that aimed to reduce tariffs and other trade barriers.The GATT set out the basic rules for trade in goods, including tariff concessions, non-discrimination, and most-favored-nation treatment. It also provided for the establishment of the GATT Secretariat to handle administrative matters and the conduct of trade negotiations.The GATT was superseded by the World Trade Organization (WTO) in 1995, but the GATT agreements remain in force and continue to be applied by the WTO's members.以上内容仅供参考，建议查阅关贸总协定英文版原文件获取更全面和准确的信息。
中美协议全文英文原版
中美协议全文英文原版Agreement between the Government of the United States of America and the Government of the People's Republic of ChinaThis Agreement (hereinafter referred to as "the Agreement") is entered into by and between the Government of the United States of America (hereinafter referred to as "the United States") and the Government of the People's Republic of China (hereinafter referred to as "China") on the basis of equality and mutual benefit.Article 1 Basic InformationThe United States and China agree to establish a comprehensive partnership based on mutual respect and cooperation, and to promote the further development of friendly relations and cooperation in various fields between the two countries.Article 2 Identity, Rights, Obligations, Performance, Term, and Breach of the Parties1. The United States and China agree to respect the sovereignty, territorial integrity, and political independence of each other, and to develop mutually beneficial relations on the basis of equality and peaceful coexistence.2. The United States and China agree to respect each other's legal systems and to ensure that all agreements, contracts, and transactions between the two parties are legal and valid under the laws of their respective countries.3. The United States and China agree to provide mutual assistance and support to each other, and to work together to promote regional and international peace, stability, and prosperity.4. The United States and China agree to fulfill all obligations under this Agreement in good faith, and to exercise due diligence in order to ensure that the Agreement is implemented in a timely and efficient manner.5. This Agreement shall remain in force for a period of ten years, and may be extended by mutual agreement of the two parties.6. In the event of a breach of this Agreement by either party, the other party shall have the right to terminate this Agreement in accordance with the procedures set forth in Article 7 of this Agreement.Article 3 Compliance with Relevant Chinese Laws, Regulations and PoliciesThe United States agrees to comply with all relevant laws, regulations, and policies of China when conducting business orengaging in other activities in China, and to respect the sovereignty and territorial integrity of China.Article 4 Clarification of Rights and Obligations of the Parties1. The United States and China agree to clarify the rights and obligations of each party in accordance with the principles of equality and mutual benefit.2. The United States and China agree to cooperate in the areas of trade, investment, intellectual property rights, environmental protection, and other fields, and to promote the development of a fair and open international economic system.Article 5 Legal Effectiveness and Enforceability1. This Agreement shall have legal effect once it is signed by both parties, and shall be binding on both parties.2. Any dispute arising out of the implementation of this Agreement shall be resolved through consultation between the two parties. If the dispute cannot be resolved through consultation, it may be submitted for arbitration in accordance with the procedures set forth in Article 7 of this Agreement.Article 6 Other Provisions1. This Agreement may be amended or supplemented by mutual agreement of the two parties.2. This Agreement may be terminated by mutual agreement of the two parties.3. This Agreement shall be written in English and Chinese, with both texts having equal legal effect.4. Any other matters not covered in this Agreement may be resolved through consultation between the two parties.Article 7 Procedures for Dispute Resolution1. Any dispute arising out of the implementation of this Agreement shall be resolved through consultation between the two parties.2. If the dispute cannot be resolved through consultation, either party may submit the dispute for arbitration in accordance with the rules of the International Chamber of Commerce.3. The arbitral tribunal shall be composed of three arbitrators, one appointed by each party and the third appointed by mutual agreement of the two parties.4. The award of the arbitral tribunal shall be final and binding on both parties.In witness whereof, the undersigned, being duly authorized by their respective Governments, have signed this Agreement.Done in duplicate at _____________ on _________, 20__.For the Government of the United States of America:_______________________________For the Government of the People's Republic of China:_______________________________。
中美协议中英文对照版
中美协议中英文对照版China-US Agreement English-Chinese Bilingual VersionThis agreement (hereinafter referred to as the "Agreement") is concluded by and between the United States of America (hereinafter referred to as "the U.S.") and the People's Republic of China (hereinafter referred to as "China") in accordance with the principles of equality and mutual respect.Basic Information of the Parties:The U.S.: A federal republic composed of 50 states, a federal district, five major self-governing territories, and various possessions.China: A socialist country led by the Communist Party of China, and the world's most populous country with a population of over 1.4 billion.1. Parties' IdentificationThe Parties identified above are hereafter referred to as "the Parties".2. Parties' Responsibilities2.1. China shall take effective measures to provide more protection of intellectual property rights, accelerate theopening-up of its market, and promote innovation-driven development.2.2. The U.S. shall take effective measures to reduce its trade deficit with China, actively promote fair competition, and avoid restricting China's development rights.3. Rights and Obligations of the Parties3.1. China shall guarantee the legitimate rights and interests of the U.S. investors in China and treat them fairly and equitably.3.2. The U.S. shall not apply any discriminatory measures against investments of Chinese investors in its territory.3.3. The Parties shall cooperate in the fields of science and technology, environment, energy, and other areas of common interest.4. Implementation and Time Limits4.1. The implementation of this Agreement shall be subject to the relevant laws and regulations of China and the U.S., as well as their respective international obligations.4.2. The relevant provisions of this Agreement shall enter into force upon signature, and the Parties shall complete the necessary domestic procedures for entry into force within 30 days after signature.5. Breach of Contract Liability5.1. Where one Party breaches this Agreement, it shall bear the breach of contract liability in accordance with the relevant laws and regulations of its own country.5.2. Where the breach of contract causes losses to the other Party, the breaching Party shall compensate the other Party for its losses.6. Governing Law6.1. This Agreement shall be governed by and construed in accordance with the laws of the respective Parties.6.2. Any disputes arising from or in connection with this Agreement shall be resolved through consultation between the Parties. If they fail to reach an agreement, they may resort to legal proceedings.7. Legal Effectiveness and Enforceability7.1. The provisions of this Agreement shall have legal effectiveness and enforceability in accordance with the laws and regulations of the respective Parties.7.2. If any provision of this Agreement is held to be invalid or unenforceable, it shall not affect the validity or enforceability of the remaining provisions.8. Miscellaneous8.1. This Agreement reflects the mutual understanding and consensus of the Parties.8.2. Any amendments to this Agreement shall be made through consultation between the Parties and shall be in writing.8.3. This Agreement is executed in duplicate in Chinese and English, both texts being equally authentic. In case of any discrepancy between the two versions, the Chinese text shall prevail.In witness whereof, the undersigned, duly authorized by their respective governments have signed this Agreement.For the People's Republic of China:Signature: ________________________________Name: _______________________________Title: ________________________________Date: ________________________________For the United States of America:Signature: ________________________________Name: _______________________________Title: ________________________________Date: ________________________________。
反垄断法(中英文对照)
中华人民共和国反垄断法Anti-Monopoly Law of the People'sRepublic of ChinaEnglish Version 中文版发文日期：2007-08-30有效范围：全国发文机关：全国人民代表大会常务委员会文号：主席令[2007]第68号时效性：现行有效生效日期：2008-08-01所属分类：反垄断法（市场竞争法->反垄断法）Promulgation Date：08-30-2007 Effective Region：NATIONAL Promulgator： the Standing Committee of the National People's CongressDocument No：Order of the President [2007] No. 68 Effectiveness：Effective Effective Date：08-01-2008 Category：Anti－Monopoly Law （Market Competition Law->Anti－Monopoly Law）中华人民共和国反垄断法Anti-Monopoly Law of the People'sRepublic of China主席令[2007]第68号Order of the President [2007] No. 68 2007年8月30日August 30, 2007《中华人民共和国反垄断法》已由中华人民共和国第十届全国人民代表大会常务委员会第二十九次会议于2007年8月30日通过，现予公布，自2008年8月1日起施行。
中华人民共和国主席胡锦涛The Anti-Monopoly Law of the People's Republic of China was adopted by the 29th session of the Standing Committee of the Tenth National People's Congress on August 30, 2007 and is hereby promulgated. It shall go into effect as of August 1, 2008.President of the People's Republic of China: Hu Jintao附件：中华人民共和国反垄断法Attachment: Anti-Monopoly Law of thePeople's Republic of China（2007年8月30日第十届全国人民代表大会常务委员会第二十九次会议通过）(Adopted by the by the 29th session of the Standing Committee of the Tenth National People's Congress on August 30, 2007)目录第一章总则第二章垄断协议第三章滥用市场支配地位第四章经营者集中第五章滥用行政权力排除、限制竞争第六章对涉嫌垄断行为的调查第七章法律责任第八章附则CONTENTSCHAPTER I GENERAL PROVISIONS CHAPTER II MONOPOLY AGREEMENTS CHAPTER III ABUSE OF DOMINANT MARKET POSITIONCHAPTER IV OPERATOR CONSOLIDATION CHAPTER V ABUSE OF ADMINSTATIVE AUTHORITY TO ELIMINATE OR RESTRICT COMPETITIONCHAPTER VI INVESTIGATION OF SUSPECTED MONOPOLISTIC PRACTICES CHAPTER VII LEGAL LIABILITIES CHAPTER VIII SUPPELENTARY PROVISIONS第一章总则CHAPTER I GENERAL PROVISIONS第一条为了预防和制止垄断行为，保护市场公平竞争，提高经济运行效率，维护消费者利益和社会公共利益，促进社会主义市场经济健康发展，制定本法。
(Chinese Version)Memorandum of Understanding on Antitrust and Antimonopoly Cooperation
关于反垄断和反托拉斯合作的谅解备忘录中华人民共和国国家发展和改革委员会中华人民共和国商务部中华人民共和国国家工商行政管理总局（一方）美利坚合众国司法部美利坚合众国联邦贸易委员会（另一方）合作宗旨中华人民共和国国家发展和改革委员会、商务部、国家工商行政管理总局（合称中国反垄断执法机构）；美利坚合众国联邦贸易委员会、司法部（合称美国反托拉斯机构）。
希望通过在中国反垄断执法机构与美国反托拉斯机构之间创设一个长期的合作框架，更有效地执行其竞争法律和政策，认识到，中国反垄断执法机构与美国反托拉斯机构之间开展技术合作有利于营造使双方的竞争法律和政策得以合理、有效实施的环境，从而促进市场有效运行，增进本国公民经济福利，认识到，为竞争法律和政策的有效实施建立运行良好的制度，不仅涉及各自反垄断执法机构或反托拉斯机构，而且也涉及政府机构和司法机关，以及法律、商业和学术界，并认识到，中美两国负责竞争法律和政策的政府机构之间建立良好的沟通渠道，包括中国反垄断执法机构与美国反托拉斯机构之间创设该长期合作框架，有助于改善和加强中美两国之间的关系。
希望就以下事项进行合作：中国反垄断执法机构与美国反托拉斯机构为本谅解备忘录（备忘录）合作参与方，本备忘录规定了合作的框架。
中国反垄断执法机构与美国反托拉斯机构的合作框架包括两部分：第一部分是备忘录各方共同参加的竞争政策高层对话（共同对话）；第二部分是备忘录各方之间就竞争执法和政策开展进行交流与合作。
关于第一部分，除非另有约定，共同对话应在中国和美国轮流举行,并由相关反垄断执法机构或反托拉斯机构轮流主办。
中国反垄断执法机构和美国反托拉斯机构定期举行共同对话，原则上每年举行一次。
任何一方均可提议在共同对话框架下成立专题工作组，就相关竞争政策和法律的具体问题进行讨论。
专题工作组会议可以与共同对话同期召开，也可以由各反垄断执法机构或反托拉斯机构根据需要达成一致意见后单独召开，以满足其具体需要。
中美协议全文翻译英文
中美协议全文翻译英文Translation of the Full Text of China-US AgreementIn order to promote mutual understanding and cooperation between China and the United States, and to enhance the comprehensive strategic partnership between the two countries, the following agreement is reached through friendly consultation between the two sides:Article 1 Basic Information1.1 The People's Republic of China is hereinafter referred to as the "Chinese side", and the United States of America is hereinafter referred to as the "US side".1.2 This agreement is signed by the Chinese side and the US side, and both parties will fully implement it in accordance with the provisions of this agreement.Article 2 Identity, Rights and Obligations2.1 Both parties will respect each other's sovereignty and territorial integrity, and will not interfere in each other's internal affairs.2.2 Both parties will actively carry out cooperation in the fields of economy, trade, science and technology, education, culture, sports, and other areas of mutual interest, and promoteeconomic development and people-to-people exchanges between the two countries.2.3 Both parties will protect the legitimate rights and interests of citizens and legal persons of the other party within their respective territories, and provide necessary assistance and convenience to each other in accordance with the law.Article 3 Performance, Term and Liability for Breach3.1 Both parties will strictly abide by the provisions of this agreement, earnestly perform their respective obligations, and guarantee the quality and schedule of the performance of the agreement.3.2 The term of this agreement is effective from the date of signing and will remain in force for five years. Upon expiration, the two parties may extend it through negotiation and mutual agreement.3.3 If either party fails to perform its obligations under this agreement, fails to perform such obligations in accordance with the terms and conditions set forth in this agreement, or breaches any of the provisions of this agreement, it shall bear liability for breach according to the law.Article 4 Compliance with Chinese Laws and Regulations4.1 The US side shall abide by the Chinese laws and regulations in the course of its operations in China, and shall not engage in any activities that violate Chinese laws and regulations.4.2 The Chinese side shall provide necessary support and assistance to the US side in accordance with Chinese laws and regulations.Article 5 Clear of Rights and Obligations5.1 This agreement clearly stipulates the rights and obligations of both parties, and each party shall have the right to demand that the other party fulfil its obligations in accordance with the provisions of this agreement.5.2 The contents of this agreement shall not affect the legal rights and obligations of the parties under other agreements or international treaties that the two parties have concluded or intend to conclude.Article 6 Legal Effectiveness and Enforceability6.1 This agreement is legally binding on both parties and has the force of law.6.2 Any disputes arising from the performance of this agreement shall be settled through friendly negotiation between the two parties.6.3 If the disputes cannot be resolved through negotiation, the parties may submit such disputes to arbitration or bring legal proceedings in accordance with the provisions of this agreement and applicable laws.Article 7 Others7.1 This agreement shall be written in Chinese and English, and both texts shall be equally authentic.7.2 This agreement may be amended or supplemented in writing with mutual consent of both parties.7.3 This agreement is signed in duplicate, with each party holding one original. The agreement has come into effect upon signing.In witness whereof, the undersigned, duly authorised to this effect, have signed the present agreement.Signed on _______________ in Beijing for the Chinese side________________________(Chinese)Signed on ____________________ in Washington, D.C. for the US side_________________________(English)。
中美经贸协议英文版
中美经贸协议英文版The Sino-US Economic and Trade AgreementIntroduction:The Sino-US Economic and Trade Agreement is a bilateral agreement between China and the United States that aims to address various economic and trade issues between the two countries. It was signed on January 15, 2020, after months of negotiations and tensions arising from the ongoing trade war. Trade in Goods:Under the agreement, China has committed to significantly increase its imports of goods and services from the United States over the next two years. China has agreed to purchase an additional $200 billion worth of American goods and services, including manufactured goods, agricultural products, energy products, and services such as financial, healthcare, and tourism.Intellectual Property Rights Protection:One of the key concerns for the United States in its trade relations with China has been the protection of intellectual property rights. The agreement includes provisions that seek to enhance the protection and enforcement of intellectual property rights in China. This includes measures to combat counterfeiting and piracy, strengthen patent protection, and ensure fair technology transfer and licensing terms.Technology Transfer and Forced Technology Disclosure:The issue of forced technology transfer has been a major point of contention between China and the United States. The agreementaddresses this concern by prohibiting the forced transfer of technology by the Chinese government or any Chinese entity. It also includes provisions to prevent the unauthorized disclosure of trade secrets and confidential business information.Currency Manipulation:Accusations of currency manipulation have been another source of tension between the two countries. The agreement includes commitments from China to refrain from competitive devaluation of its currency, maintain transparency in its exchange rate policies, and refrain from using exchange rates for unfair competitive advantage.Financial Services and Market Access:The agreement also seeks to improve market access for US financial institutions in China. It includes commitments from China to remove certain barriers to foreign ownership of financial services companies, streamline the regulatory approval process, and enhance protections for intellectual property in the financial services sector.Dispute Resolution:To address any potential disputes arising from the agreement, a strong dispute resolution mechanism has been put in place. This includes a bilateral consultation process and the establishment of a dispute resolution panel to address any issues that cannot be resolved through consultations.Conclusion:The Sino-US Economic and Trade Agreement is a significant stepforward in addressing the economic and trade issues between China and the United States. It seeks to promote fair and reciprocal trade, protect intellectual property rights, address concerns about forced technology transfer, and enhance market access. While the agreement is considered a positive development, its long-term impact on the bilateral trade relationship between the two countries remains to be seen.。
中哈签署标准化合作谅解备忘录
HIGHLIGHTS ｜XCHANGE & COOPERATIONBETTER COMMUNICATION ｜ GREATER VALUEChina and Kazakhstan sign a MoU on standardization cooperation In the presence of Chinese President Xi Jinping and KazakhPresident Kassym-Jomart Tokayev, a MoU on standardizationcooperation was signed by the State Administration for MarketRegulation (Standardization Administration of China) and theKazakhstan Institute of Standardization and Metrology on May 17,2023. The MoU was included in the outcome document for themeeting of the two heads of state.China and Kazakhstan will enhance the exchanges and sharingof standards information, carry out the research on technicalregulations and standardization, promote capacity improvement,and keep close cooperation in international organizations, so asto drive the interconnectivity between the two countries.Tian Shihong attends the 121st meeting of ISO CouncilThe 121st meeting of ISO Council was held on June 13-15 in Japan. Tian Shihong, Vice Minister of SAMR and Administrator of SAC, led the Chinese delegation to attend the meeting.During the meeting, participants reviewed and approved the revised drafts of ISO Strategy 2030 and ISO Statutes , approved the MoU signed with Arab Standardization and Metrology Organization (ASMO) and African Organization for Standardization (ARSO), and reviewed the implementation of the sustainable development project.They further held seminars centering on enhancing the governance efficiency of the Council, promoting the participation of stakeholders, etc. Tian offered his opinions on many issues, which were highly recognized by ISO President, ISO Secretary-General and members of the Council.Also, the Chinese delegation held a few working meetings with other members of the Council to discuss issues such as enhancing bilateral and multilateral cooperation, jointly improving the governance of international standardsorganizations, and developing standards systems.12 CHINA STANDARDIZATION July / August 2023Copyright ©博看网. All Rights Reserved.Chinese expert assumes Chair of ISO/TC 342Yao Xin, Secretary-General of Commercial Sub-Council of the China Council for the Promote of International Trade (CCPITCSC) and China Association for Standardization Trade in Services Branch, was appointed the Chair of ISO/TC 342, Management consultancy, for a 5-year term. It is the first time for a Chinese expert to hold the chair of an ISO technical committee for management.Management consultancy is one of the 160 sub-sectors of WTO’s classification of services, which is also an area that China has been committed to fully opening up, according to the Regional Comprehensive Economic Partnership Agreement.By holding the secretariat of ISO/TC 342, China will better participate in the global economic governance and the development of international standards and regulations. It will provide a technical platform to promote the international operation and management of Chinese enterprises. Also, China will further share its innovative management theories and practices with global stakeholders.Report on standardization of agricultural technologyin SCO member states releasedThe SCO Forum on Poverty Reduction and Sustainable Development was held on May 29 in the Yangling Agricultural High-tech Industrial Demonstration Zone, Shaanxi province, where the Report on Integrated Demonstration and Standardization of Agricultural Technology of SCO Member States was released by the SCO Institute of Modern Agricultural Development.The report focuses on issues of SCO member states in the field of agriculture, such as divided standards for agricultural technical standards, technical standards barriers in the trade of agricultural products, as well as absence of a mature mechanism for coordination, cooperation and exchanges of agricultural technologies and standards.Collecting and sorting out approximately 30,000 pieces of trade data of SCO member states in the UN Comtrade Database, the report compares and analyzes the specific differences of trade standards and regulations for agricultural products, including 345 standards released by SCO member states and international standards organizations.The report develops 9 standards on agricultural technologies, and designs a plan for standards implementation. Besides, it further delineates the concept and typical cases of integrated demonstration for agricultural technologies, and advises on future standardization work in the aspects of organization, policies, international cooperation, talent cultivation, etc.Copyright©博看网. All Rights Reserved.132023 July / August CHINA STANDARDIZATION。
希拉里中美战略第二次对话演讲(中英文对照)
5月24日，第二轮美中战略与经济对话在北京开幕，美国总统奥巴马的特别代表、国务卿希拉里·克林顿出席开幕式并讲话。
在讲话中，希拉里引用了中国成语“殊途同归”（treading different paths that lead to the same destination）来形容美中两国所共有的未来。
以下是希拉里讲话全文的中英文对照。
SECRETARY CLINTON: Good morning. I want to thank State Councilor Dai and Vice-Premier Wang for their very warm hospitality. It is a pleasure for our entire delegation to be here in Beijing. And it is an honor to join my colleague, Secretary Geithner, and the many officials from across our government in representing the United States at this second round of the strategic and economic dialogue.国务卿克林顿：早上好。
感谢国务委员戴秉国和副总理王岐山非常热情的接待。
我国代表团的全体成员十分高兴来到北京。
我与我的同事盖特纳（Geithner）部长及我国政府各部门的众多官员一起代表美国出席第二轮美中战略与经济对话，为此感到十分荣幸。
I first visited China in 1995, and I have been privileged to return since then. Every trip to China offers fresh insights and images of the dynamism of this country and its people, the pace of change, and the possibilities for the future. Back in 1995, trade between our two nations was measured in the tens of billions of dollars. Today it is counted in the hundreds of billions. Few people back then had cell phones, and almost no one had access to the Internet. Today China has the world’s largest mobile phone network, and more Internet users than any other country on earth.我于1995年初次访问中国，此后又很荣幸地多次前来访问。
2024年中美电子商务合作谅解备忘录
20XX 专业合同封面COUNTRACT COVER甲方：XXX乙方：XXX2024年中美电子商务合作谅解备忘录本合同目录一览1. 定义与术语1.1 本合同1.2 双方1.3 中美1.4 电子商务1.5 谅解备忘录2. 合作目标2.1 促进中美电子商务领域的交流与合作2.2 加强两国在电子商务政策、法规和技术方面的沟通与理解2.3 共同应对全球电子商务发展中的挑战3. 合作领域3.1 电子商务政策法规交流3.2 电子商务技术标准合作3.3 电子商务市场准入与贸易便利化3.4 电子商务消费者权益保护3.5 电子商务信息安全与隐私保护4. 合作机制4.1 定期举行中美电子商务高层对话4.2 建立中美电子商务工作小组4.3 开展电子商务相关研究与合作项目4.4 举办电子商务论坛和研讨会5. 实施步骤5.1 制定具体合作计划与时间表5.2 确定中美电子商务合作优先领域5.3 建立中美电子商务合作项目协调机制5.4 定期评估合作进展与效果6. 资源与支持6.1 双方为合作项目提供必要资源与支持6.2 双方积极争取国际组织资金与技术支持6.3 双方为合作项目提供政策与制度保障7. 知识产权保护7.1 双方尊重彼此在电子商务领域的知识产权7.2 合作项目中产生的知识产权归属双方协商确定7.3 双方共同打击电子商务领域的侵权行为8. 保密与信息安全8.1 双方对合作过程中的商业秘密与敏感信息保密8.2 采取有效措施保障信息安全与数据保护8.3 未经双方同意，不得向第三方披露合作信息9. 争端解决9.1 双方通过友好协商解决合作过程中的争端9.2 如协商不成，可提交仲裁或司法解决9.3 双方认可的仲裁机构或司法管辖权10. 合作期限与终止10.1 本谅解备忘录自双方签署之日起生效，有效期为五年10.2 双方可协商提前终止或延长合作期限11. 语言与法律11.1 本谅解备忘录采用中文和英文两种语言，两种文本具有同等效力11.2 本谅解备忘录受中华人民共和国法律管辖12. 签署与生效12.1 本谅解备忘录由双方授权代表签署12.2 本谅解备忘录自签署之日起生效13. 附件13.1 合作计划与时间表13.2 中美电子商务合作项目清单13.3 合作机制与工作小组组成方案14. 其他条款14.1 本谅解备忘录未尽事宜，双方可通过协商补充14.2 本谅解备忘录的修改与补充需双方共同签署14.3 本谅解备忘录自签署之日起生效，取代之前所有相关协议与谅解第一部分：合同如下：1. 定义与术语1.1 本合同：本合同是指2024年中美电子商务合作谅解备忘录，由中华人民共和国和美利坚合众国政府签署。
谅解备忘录及中英文对照四篇
谅解备忘录及中英文对照四篇篇一：谅解备忘录本谅解备忘录由以下双方于 ___年___月___日签订：[插入甲方名称]是一家根据[国家]法律成立及存续的[公司]﹐其法定地址为[地址]（下称“甲方”）﹔及[插入乙方名称]是一家根据[国家]法律成立及存续的[公司]﹐其法定地址为[地址]（下称“乙方”）。
鉴于A.甲乙双方经多次协商后﹐就关于 [简略描述合资／其它合作项目]（“项目”）的合作原则达成协议：B. [列出协议的原则—例如﹐在合资公司的情况下﹐列出双方各自的出资﹑合资公司的业务范围﹑期限﹑董事及高级管理层﹑利润分配等]。
1.保密资料每一方应对另一方于项目谈判期间向其透露的资料负责绝对保密。
除为了继续有关谈判的目的外﹐收取方不得在未经透露方事先作出书面同意下，使用﹑刊登﹑透露或散播上述资料。
收取方亦应促使其董事﹑雇员及代理遵守本第2条的条款﹐及在透露方要求下﹐应促使有关董事﹑雇员及代理签署以透露方为受益人的独立保密协议。
在有关项目的谈判终止后﹐收取方应立即将所有该等资料（连同副本）归还透露方﹐惟须以不损害该方对该等资料保密的义务为原则﹐而有关保密义务应于有关终止后一直继续。
2.公布除非取得另一方的书面同意﹐否则任何一方均不得公开宣布本谅解备忘录的存在﹐或刊登或发出有关项目及与其有关的谈判的资料。
3.不可转让任何一方在未经另一方事先作出书面同意下，均无权转让或让与其在本谅解备忘录项下的任何权利或义务。
4.签署正式合同双方应尽其最大努力在 [日期]之前就项目签署一份有法律约束力的正式合同 [及章程]（“正式文件“）而其应反映（尤其）载于第1条的协定原则。
5.工作小组双方应成立工作小组就项目及正式文件进行详细谈判。
甲方应指派 ______为其在工作小组的首席代表﹔乙方应指派 ______为其在工作小组的首席代表。
6.合同支出各方应自行承担其因正式文件的谈判﹑起草及签署所产生的费用。
7.谅解备忘录的地位本谅解备忘录是双方就有关项目彼此协定的原则所作的书面确认。
1992年中美签订的有关知识产权保护的谅解备忘录
1992年，中美两国签订了有关知识产权保护的谅解备忘录。
这一备忘录在中美关系史上具有重要的意义，也对两国的经济合作产生了深远的影响。
一、谅解备忘录的签订背景1. 中美关系的发展自1972年中美关系正常化以来，中美两国的政治、经济和文化交流日益频繁。
双方在国际事务、贸易往来等方面的合作不断加深，但同时也面临着一些问题和挑战，其中知识产权保护问题尤为突出。
2. 知识产权保护的重要性知识产权是当今世界经济发展的重要基础，它涉及到创新、技术、商业秘密等众多方面，对于一个国家的经济发展至关重要。
中美两国都是知识产权的重要创造者和使用者，因此知识产权保护成为两国经贸合作中的一个关键问题。
二、谅解备忘录的内容1. 主要内容《中美知识产权关系谅解备忘录》共分为八个方面的内容，包括知识产权的范围、适用范围、实施原则、行政保护、司法保护、知识产权的加强合作、技术交流和评估、备忘录的执行和监督。
2. 具体条款备忘录中涉及了知识产权的多个方面，如专利、商标、版权、商业秘密等，对于保护这些权利的适用范围、实施原则都做出了具体规定。
备忘录还强调了加强合作、技术交流和评估等方面的重要性。
三、备忘录的影响1. 中美经济合作的提升谅解备忘录的签订为中美两国的经济合作提供了更加稳定和有力的制度保障。
知识产权得到更好的保护，创新和技术交流得到更多的空间，这对于两国的经济合作具有重要意义。
2. 国际知识产权保护制度的完善谅解备忘录的签订也为国际上知识产权保护制度的完善提供了有益的借鉴和参考。
中美两国作为世界上最大的知识产权创造者和使用者，他们的合作和经验对于全球知识产权保护都具有重要的示范作用。
四、总结与展望1992年中美知识产权谅解备忘录的签订是中美经贸合作史上的一个重要里程碑。
此后，中美两国在知识产权保护方面的合作不断深化，为两国经济合作提供了更加坚实的基础。
然而也需要看到，知识产权保护是一个长期而复杂的过程，其中还存在着许多问题和挑战。
谅解备忘录示(中文范本)
谅解备忘录示(中文范本)谅解备忘录[公司名称]备忘日期：[日期]致：[合作方名称]主题：关于[议题]的谅解备忘录尊敬的[合作方名称]，我们很高兴与贵公司合作，并希望通过这份谅解备忘录确立我们之间的各项协议和规定，以确保双方的合作顺利进行。
一、背景1.1 本备忘录的目的是为了明确双方在[议题]方面的共同理解和责任分工，以便更好地实施合作项目。
1.2 本备忘录适用于在[合作项目名称]中的所有参与方，并将与任何附加协议一起构成合作协议的一部分。
二、定义与缩写在本备忘录中，以下定义和缩写适用于所有相关方，并应当根据上下文进行解释。
2.1 [定义1]：[解释]2.2 [定义2]：[解释]2.3 [定义3]：[解释]三、范围与目标3.1 本备忘录的范围包括但不限于以下事项：[具体描述]3.2 本备忘录的目标是确保各参与方按照协议规定的方式执行合同，并达到预期的成果。
四、责任与义务4.1 合作方 A 的责任和义务：- [责任/义务1]- [责任/义务2]- [责任/义务3]4.2 合作方 B 的责任和义务：- [责任/义务1]- [责任/义务2]- [责任/义务3]五、合作实施计划5.1 合作方 A 和合作方 B 将按照以下计划实施合作项目：- [计划1]- [计划2]- [计划3]5.2 合作方 A 和合作方 B 将共同监督合作项目的进展，并定期召开会议以讨论和解决任何问题。
六、知识产权和保密6.1 双方同意在合作项目期间保护并尊重对方的知识产权，并不得向任何第三方透露机密信息，除非获得双方书面同意。
七、合作项目的更改和终止7.1 若任何一方希望对合作项目进行更改或终止，应提前通知另一方，并共同商定适当的解决方案。
八、纠纷解决8.1 如双方之间发生任何纠纷或争议，应首先通过友好协商解决。
九、本备忘录的生效与附件9.1 本备忘录自双方签署之日起生效。
9.2 本备忘录包括以下附件：- 附件 1：[具体附件内容]- 附件 2：[具体附件内容]- ...十、法律名词及注释以下是本备忘录中涉及的法律名词及其注释：- [法律名词1]：[注释]- [法律名词2]：[注释]- [法律名词3]：[注释]十一、困难与解决办法以下是本备忘录在实际执行过程中可能遇到的困难及解决办法：- [困难1]：[解决办法]- [困难2]：[解决办法]- [困难3]：[解决办法]十二、其他条款12.1 双方同意本备忘录的任何修改或补充应以书面形式进行，并经双方授权代表签字确认。
美国谢尔曼反托拉斯法（中英文）
美国谢尔曼反托拉斯法（中英⽂）Section 1. Trusts, etc., in restraint of trade illegal; penalty第⼀条现在贸易的托拉斯⾏为违法，将予以处罚。
Every contract, combination in the form of trust or otherwise, or conspiracy, in restraint of trade or commerce among the several States, or with foreign nations, is declared to be illegal. Every person who shall make any contract or engage in any combination or conspiracy hereby declared to be illegal shall be deemed guilty of a felony, and, on conviction thereof, shall be punished by fine not exceeding $10,000,000 if a corporation, or, if any other person, $350,000, or by imprisonment not exceeding three years, or by both said punishments, in the discretion of the court.任何限制州际间或与外国之间的贸易或商业的契约，以托拉斯形式或其它形式的联合，或共谋，都是⾮法的。
任何⼈签订上述契约或从事上述联合或共谋，将构成重罪。
如果参与⼈是公司，将处以不超过1000万美元的罚款。
如果参与⼈是个⼈，将处以不超过35万美元的罚款，或三年以下监禁。
中美证券合作、磋商及技术援助的谅解备忘录
中美证券合作、磋商及技术援助的谅解备忘录文章属性•【缔约国】美国•【条约领域】金融•【公布日期】1994.04.28•【条约类别】谅解备忘录•【签订地点】北京正文中美证券合作、磋商及技术援助的谅解备忘录中国证券监督管理委员会（“中国证监会”）与美国证券与交易管理委员会（“美国证管会”）（以下合并简称“主管机构”）对建立和维护公开、公平、高效、健康的证券市场的目标有着一致的看法，认识到发展有效的国内法律和监管制度对于维护市场的公正性和保护投资者至关重要，确信国际合作能够促进证券市场的发展和有效运作，愿意奠定一个双方均能接受的合作与磋商的基础，据此达成下述谅解。
一般原则一、本谅解备忘录陈述主管机构的意向，但是不构成有约束力的国际法律义务。
二、主管机构认为依据本谅解备忘录向对方提供协助是必要的和有益的。
这些协助应当在主管机构所属国家的法律及各种资源条件允许的范围内提供。
凡提供某项协助与主管机构所属国家的公共利益相违背的，该主管机构可以拒绝提供此项协助。
三、未明文写入本谅解备忘录的有关要求和提供协助的程序，使用信息方式的许可、保密要求和其他事宜，将采取个案方式处理。
法律实施的合作与磋商四、主管机构特此表明其意向，彼此将向对方提供获取信息和证券材料方面的协助，以便于各自对其本国证券法规的实施。
主管机构认为，这些协助对于涉及证券发行、买卖中可能存在的欺诈行为等事宜，具有特别重要的意义。
凡有必要，主管机构将通过各种合理努力，取得本国其他政府部门或者机构的合作，以提供本谅解备忘录规定的各项协助。
五、主管机构确信，在与各自市场运作和保护投资者相关的所有事务上，建立一个框架以加强联络与合作是必要的和适宜的。
为实现这些目标，主管机构的意向是就双方共同感兴趣的问题进行定期磋商，从而加强各自的证券市场，维护和促进这些市场的稳定、高效和公正。
六、为了进一步保证本谅解备忘录的有效执行和主管机构之间的沟通，主管机构特此指定联系人员。
《中美反垄断和反托拉斯合作谅解备忘录》签署
《中美反垄断和反托拉斯合作谅解备忘录》签署
无
【期刊名称】《中国产业》
【年(卷),期】2011(000)007
【摘要】7月27日，国家发展改革委与美国两家反托拉斯机构司法部和联邦贸易委员会，在北京共同签署《中美反垄断和反托拉斯合作谅解备忘录》。
彭森副主任出席签字仪式并致辞。
美国联邦贸易委员会主席利波维茨和司法部部长助理瓦尼（副部级）代表各自机构，出席了签字仪式；
【总页数】1页(P39-39)
【作者】无
【作者单位】不详
【正文语种】中文
【中图分类】F757.126.5
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中美反托拉斯和反垄断合作谅解备忘录
Memorandum of Understanding on Antitrust and Antimonopoly Cooperation between the United States and the People’s Republic of China
为加强中美反垄断领域合作，2011年7月27日，中国三家反垄断执法机构国家发展改革委、商务部和国家工商总局与美国反托拉斯执法机构司法部、联邦贸易委员会在京共同签署了《中美反托拉斯和反垄断合作谅解备忘录》。
备忘录在中国反垄断执法机构和美国反托拉斯机构之间建立了长期合作框架，以促进双方更有效地执行竞争法律和政策。
根据备忘录，中美反垄断和反托拉斯执法机构将在各方面加强合作。
附件为该谅解备忘录英文文本。
The United States Federal Trade Commission, the United States Department of Justice; and the People’s Republic of China National Development and Reform Commission,Ministry of Commerce, and State Administration for Industry and Commerce , Desiring to enhance the effective enforcement of their competition laws and policies by creating a framework for long-term cooperation between the U.S. antitrust agencies and the PRC antimonopoly agencies, in order to enhance an environment in which the sound and effective enforcement of competition law and policy supports the efficient operation of markets and economic welfare of the citizens of their respective nations, will contribute to improving and strengthening the relationship between the United States and China.
为加强中美反垄断领域合作，7月27日，中国三家反垄断执法机构国家发展改革委、商务部和国家工商总局与美国反托拉斯执法机构司法部、联邦贸易委员会在京共同签署了《中美反托拉斯和反垄断合作谅解备忘录》。
商务部国际贸易谈判代表兼副部长高虎城、国家发展改革委副主任彭森、国家工商总局副局长钟攸平，与来访的美国联邦贸易委员会主席利波维茨和司法部副部长瓦尼，分别代表各自机构出席了签字仪式。
备忘录在中国反垄断执法机构和美国反托拉斯机构之间建立了长期合作框架，以促进双方更有效地执行竞争法律和政策。
根据备忘录，中美反垄断和反托拉斯执法机构将在如下方面加强合作：
一是相互及时通报各自竞争政策及反垄断执法方面的重要动态。
二是通过开展竞争政策和法律方面的活动，加强双方的能力建设。
三是根据实际需要，双方进行反垄断执法经验交流。
四是就反垄断法律和相关配套立法文件的修改提出评论意见。
五是就多边竞争法律和政策交换意见。
六是在提高企业、其他政府机构以及社会公众竞争政策和法律意识方面交流经验。
该备忘录在中美反垄断和反托拉斯现有合作成果的基础上，建立了合作机制，丰富了合作内容，创新了合作方式，进一步深化了中美双方反垄断领域的合作。
China, U.S. sign MOU on antitrust cooperation
China and the United States on Wednesday signed a memorandum of understanding (MOU) regarding cooperation in antitrust and antimonopoly investigations.
China's National Development and Reform Commission (NDRC), Ministry of Commerce and State Administration for Industry and Commerce, signed the document together with the U.S. Department of Justice and Federal Trade Commission.
The document is a long-term framework that will allow law enforcement agencies in both countries to coordinate in investigating antitrust cases through information exchanges, training programs and workshops, according to the MOU.。