七年级 情态动词ppt
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情态动词(20张PPT)初中英语专项复习课件
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看法。
(1)只作情态动词:must;can/could;may/might;ought to
(2)既可作情态动词又可作实义动词:need,dare
((34))既 具可 有作 情情 态态 动动词词某又些可特作征稿稿定助:定hPa动PPvTP,e词T/海h:量asd素ha材tlo持l;/s续hha更odublde;twteirll/would
【知识拓展】
1. must的一般疑问句,肯定回答为Yes, ...must.;否定回答为No, ...needn’t./No, ...don’t have
to.—Must I clean the classroom now? 我必须现在打扫教室吗?
—Yes, you must. 是的,你必须。/No, you don’t have to. /No, you needn’t. 不,你不必。
He promised he would never smoke again. 他承诺他再也不吸烟了。
Their English teacher would tell them stories in
表示过去反复发生的动 English after class.
作或某种倾向
他们的英语老师总是在课后用英语给他们讲故事
新,上千款模板选择总有一
款适合你
知识点二:情态动词的特点
情态动词的特点: (1)情态动词无人称和数的变化(have to除外); (2)情态动词后接动词原形; (3)情态动词的否定式是在其后加not; have to除外 (4)具有助动词的作用,可用来构成否定句、疑问句及用于简明答语; (5)个别情态动词有现在式和稿过定去PP式T两种形式,过去式用来表达更加客气、委 婉的语气,时态性不强,可稿用定于PPT过,海去量、素材现持在续更或将来。
(1)只作情态动词:must;can/could;may/might;ought to
(2)既可作情态动词又可作实义动词:need,dare
((34))既 具可 有作 情情 态态 动动词词某又些可特作征稿稿定助:定hPa动PPvTP,e词T/海h:量asd素ha材tlo持l;/s续hha更odublde;twteirll/would
【知识拓展】
1. must的一般疑问句,肯定回答为Yes, ...must.;否定回答为No, ...needn’t./No, ...don’t have
to.—Must I clean the classroom now? 我必须现在打扫教室吗?
—Yes, you must. 是的,你必须。/No, you don’t have to. /No, you needn’t. 不,你不必。
He promised he would never smoke again. 他承诺他再也不吸烟了。
Their English teacher would tell them stories in
表示过去反复发生的动 English after class.
作或某种倾向
他们的英语老师总是在课后用英语给他们讲故事
新,上千款模板选择总有一
款适合你
知识点二:情态动词的特点
情态动词的特点: (1)情态动词无人称和数的变化(have to除外); (2)情态动词后接动词原形; (3)情态动词的否定式是在其后加not; have to除外 (4)具有助动词的作用,可用来构成否定句、疑问句及用于简明答语; (5)个别情态动词有现在式和稿过定去PP式T两种形式,过去式用来表达更加客气、委 婉的语气,时态性不强,可稿用定于PPT过,海去量、素材现持在续更或将来。
情态动词讲解精ppt课件
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例句
will/would
详细描述:will 表示现在的意愿或 预测,would 表示过去的或虚拟 的意愿或预测。
1. I will help you with your project.(我会帮助你完成你的项 目。)
总结词:表示意愿或预测
例句
2. They would have gone to the party if they had known about it earlier.(如果他们早点 知道,他们就会去参加聚会。)
表示意愿
情态动词+动词原形,如 would like to go,表示 某人想要去。
形式变化
基本形式
情态动词的基本形式包括 现在时、过去时和将来时 。
过去式
情态动词的过去式通常是 在基本形式后面加-d或ed,如could have done 、should have done等。
将来时
情态动词的将来时通常是 在基本形式后面加-will或shall,如will be able to 、shall have to等。
may与might的区别与联系
总结词
may表示现在的许可或可能性;might表示过去的可能性或许可。
详细描述
may用于肯定句中,表示许可或可能性,例如“You may use this room.”(你可以使用这个房间。 )“The book may be in the library.”(这本书可能在图书馆里。)might表示过去的可能性,常 用于过去时态的句子中,例如“He might come tomorrow.”(他明天可能来。)
未必、很难说
She might not agree with us.
表示虚拟语气
will/would
详细描述:will 表示现在的意愿或 预测,would 表示过去的或虚拟 的意愿或预测。
1. I will help you with your project.(我会帮助你完成你的项 目。)
总结词:表示意愿或预测
例句
2. They would have gone to the party if they had known about it earlier.(如果他们早点 知道,他们就会去参加聚会。)
表示意愿
情态动词+动词原形,如 would like to go,表示 某人想要去。
形式变化
基本形式
情态动词的基本形式包括 现在时、过去时和将来时 。
过去式
情态动词的过去式通常是 在基本形式后面加-d或ed,如could have done 、should have done等。
将来时
情态动词的将来时通常是 在基本形式后面加-will或shall,如will be able to 、shall have to等。
may与might的区别与联系
总结词
may表示现在的许可或可能性;might表示过去的可能性或许可。
详细描述
may用于肯定句中,表示许可或可能性,例如“You may use this room.”(你可以使用这个房间。 )“The book may be in the library.”(这本书可能在图书馆里。)might表示过去的可能性,常 用于过去时态的句子中,例如“He might come tomorrow.”(他明天可能来。)
未必、很难说
She might not agree with us.
表示虚拟语气
情态动词(15张PPT)初中英语专项复习课件
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may
(2)“可能”,表示可能性( 猜测),常用于肯定句中
— May I go out and play basketball?我 可以出去打篮球吗?
(3)以may引导的一般疑问句 否定回答应为can't/mustn't (4)表示祝愿,常置于句首
— Yes, you may(can)./No, you can't.是 的,你可以。/不,你不可以。 May you succeed!祝你成功!
must
(3)must的否定式mustn't,表示“禁止; 不允许”,不能用于表推测
You mustn't play soccer in the street.你不
能在街上踢足球。
(4)must表示肯定的猜测,表示否定的猜 测用can't
— Must I get to the office at six? 我必须六 点到办公室吗?
某年重要的事情之前会在房间走来走去。
would
would 是 will 的 过 去式,但可 以用于现 在时间表 达委婉或 客气的语 气
Would you please bring your book here tomorrow?你可以明 天将书带到这里吗? He would share his progress with us when we were at high school. 当我们上高中时,他会和我们分 享他的进步。
你应该认真对待,不然你会失败的。
(1)表示说话人的主观意志,意为“必须 ”
You must finish your homework first.你必
须先完成你的家庭作业。
(2)表示猜测,意为“一定”,语气比
情态动词-完整版PPT课件
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情态动词 modal verbs
1.情态动词的用法特点
1)情态动词 除 ought 和 have 外,后面只能 接不带to 的不定式。 2)情态动词没有人称,数的变化,即情态动 词第三人称单数不加-s。 3)情态动词没有非谓语形式,即没有不定式, 分词等形式。
can could may might shall should must will would ought to
have to dare need used to
表示推测
情态动词
不表示推测
2.表示推测——情态动词的重要用法.
情态动词
对将来
对现在
对过去
m肯ust/定sho的uld 推测
+ V. + V. + have done
常见must be + be doi定的推测 can’t, couldn’t
疑问的推测
can, could
+ V.
+ V.
+ have done
+ be doing
可以用not表示“可能不”
+V.
+ V.
+ have done
+ be doing
+ V.
+ V.
+ have done
+ be doing
不同的“肯定”程度可按下列层次排列: He is at home. (事实) He must be at home.(非常肯定的推断) He ought to be at home.(很可能) He could be at home.(很可能) He may be at home.(仅仅可能而已) He might be at home.(或许, 非常不确定) He might not be at home.(也许不在家) He may not be at home. (比might可能) He couldn’t be at home.(很可能不在家) He can’t be at home.(一定不在家)
1.情态动词的用法特点
1)情态动词 除 ought 和 have 外,后面只能 接不带to 的不定式。 2)情态动词没有人称,数的变化,即情态动 词第三人称单数不加-s。 3)情态动词没有非谓语形式,即没有不定式, 分词等形式。
can could may might shall should must will would ought to
have to dare need used to
表示推测
情态动词
不表示推测
2.表示推测——情态动词的重要用法.
情态动词
对将来
对现在
对过去
m肯ust/定sho的uld 推测
+ V. + V. + have done
常见must be + be doi定的推测 can’t, couldn’t
疑问的推测
can, could
+ V.
+ V.
+ have done
+ be doing
可以用not表示“可能不”
+V.
+ V.
+ have done
+ be doing
+ V.
+ V.
+ have done
+ be doing
不同的“肯定”程度可按下列层次排列: He is at home. (事实) He must be at home.(非常肯定的推断) He ought to be at home.(很可能) He could be at home.(很可能) He may be at home.(仅仅可能而已) He might be at home.(或许, 非常不确定) He might not be at home.(也许不在家) He may not be at home. (比might可能) He couldn’t be at home.(很可能不在家) He can’t be at home.(一定不在家)
外研版七年级英语下册Module 2复习情态动词can课件(13张ppt)
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I want to join the music club.
三. Can you fill in the blanks? 1. _C_a_n_ you swim? Yes, I can. 2. --Can your father play the guitar?
--No, he _c_a_n_’_t_. 3. What club __d_o_ you want to join? 4. --Can Lucy and Alice dance?
B: We_w_a_n_t_ to join the chess_c_l_u_b_. A: Can you_p_l_a_y_ chess ? B: No , I _c_a_n_’t__. 5. She can speak English but she c_a_n_’_t__ speak it very well.
Can you dance ? 特殊疑问句:特殊疑问词+ 一般疑问句?
What can you do ?
陈述句:can + 动词原形
Can 无人称 数量变化 一般疑问句:Can+主语+动原…?
Yes,…can. No,…can’t. 否定句:主语+can’t+动原.
Kangaroos Birds Geese Fish Rabbits Cats Dogs
A. and B. but C. or D. so
( B )7.Tom can play the guitar but he _____
play it very well. A. can B. can’t C. not D. don’t
( C )8. ___do you want to join our club?
三. Can you fill in the blanks? 1. _C_a_n_ you swim? Yes, I can. 2. --Can your father play the guitar?
--No, he _c_a_n_’_t_. 3. What club __d_o_ you want to join? 4. --Can Lucy and Alice dance?
B: We_w_a_n_t_ to join the chess_c_l_u_b_. A: Can you_p_l_a_y_ chess ? B: No , I _c_a_n_’t__. 5. She can speak English but she c_a_n_’_t__ speak it very well.
Can you dance ? 特殊疑问句:特殊疑问词+ 一般疑问句?
What can you do ?
陈述句:can + 动词原形
Can 无人称 数量变化 一般疑问句:Can+主语+动原…?
Yes,…can. No,…can’t. 否定句:主语+can’t+动原.
Kangaroos Birds Geese Fish Rabbits Cats Dogs
A. and B. but C. or D. so
( B )7.Tom can play the guitar but he _____
play it very well. A. can B. can’t C. not D. don’t
( C )8. ___do you want to join our club?
情态动词(12张PPT)初中英语专项复习课件
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例句
可能性
The storybook could be Jim’s. He likes reading
小
could 很可能 stories.这本故事书很可能是吉姆的,他喜欢读故
事。
This book must be Lucy’s, for her name is on the must 一定 cover.这本书一定是露西的,因为封面上有她的名 大
态 动
had better 最好,用来提出建议
today.
词
情态动词的基本含义
分析近三年中考真题可知,情态动词的基本用法是中考必考点,考生需 掌握各个情态动词的基本含义(见"考点帮")。
在答题时,应注意结合语境,并考虑常见句型。 常考情态动词有can、may和must及情态动词的否定形式needn’t、
基 本 句
②可能,也许,表示推
They might laugh at me.
型
might 测
情
态 动 词
常 见 情
①必须,表示命令或主观 看法
—Must I finish the homework today? —No, you needn’t/don’t have to. He must be staying here.
基
①能,会,表示能力
I can sing.
本
②可能,表示推测,常用于否定句和疑 Can it be right?
句
问句
型
can ③可以,表示许可和征求对方意见
Can you help me?
情
①能,会,can的过去式,表 I could do it.
态
常
过去的能力
初中情态动词讲解ppt课件
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气。 • I want to ask you a question. • =I'd(I would)like to ask you a question. • 我想问你一个问题。 • 3.Would you like~? • 表示请求、劝说,是很客气的说法。 • Would you like a cup of tea? • 您愿意喝杯茶吗?
• b.可能、或许 • (谈论可能性、表示推测,一般用于肯定句)
• Tomorrow I may go shopping. • 明天,我可能(或许)去商店买东西。 • He might be our new teacher. • 他或许是我们的新老师。 • 注意 • might在表示推测时,不表示时态,只是说明可能性比may还要小。
4
must
• a.必须、应该(表示有做某一动作的必要或义务)
• You must buy a ticket. • 你必须买一张票。 • b.一定、准是(表示有把握的判断或推测,一般只用于肯定句中)
• 在You must~.这一句型中,它的意思与祈使句相同。 • You must get up early. =Get up early. • 你必须早起。 • You must study hard. =Study hard. • 你必须用功读书。 • He must be our new teacher. • 他肯定是我们的新老师。 • (语气比may,might要肯定得多)
9
should
• should的用法 • You should read this book. • 你应该读这本书。
• 1.should(应当、应该)用于所有人称,与 ought to~同义。
• You should wait a little more. • =You ought to wait a little more. • 你应该再多等一会儿。
• b.可能、或许 • (谈论可能性、表示推测,一般用于肯定句)
• Tomorrow I may go shopping. • 明天,我可能(或许)去商店买东西。 • He might be our new teacher. • 他或许是我们的新老师。 • 注意 • might在表示推测时,不表示时态,只是说明可能性比may还要小。
4
must
• a.必须、应该(表示有做某一动作的必要或义务)
• You must buy a ticket. • 你必须买一张票。 • b.一定、准是(表示有把握的判断或推测,一般只用于肯定句中)
• 在You must~.这一句型中,它的意思与祈使句相同。 • You must get up early. =Get up early. • 你必须早起。 • You must study hard. =Study hard. • 你必须用功读书。 • He must be our new teacher. • 他肯定是我们的新老师。 • (语气比may,might要肯定得多)
9
should
• should的用法 • You should read this book. • 你应该读这本书。
• 1.should(应当、应该)用于所有人称,与 ought to~同义。
• You should wait a little more. • =You ought to wait a little more. • 你应该再多等一会儿。
初中英语语法-情态动词PPT课件
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2021
10
四、 shall
1) shall 用于第一人称,征求对方的意见。 What shall we do this evening? shall I clean the room for you?
2021
11
2) shall 用于第二、三人称,表示说话人给对方的命令、警 告、允诺或威胁。
We should obey traffic laws. You shouldn‘t watch TV every day。 You shouldn’t have made this kind of silly mistakes. Tom should have brought his report today. 这时它可以和 ought to, be supposed to 互换使用
You can never imagine such a gentleman should be so rude to a lady.
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六: will 和would
1)表示意志或意愿:决心,愿意,…… We will do our best to save the child. 我们会尽力
I’ll not be able to come this afternoon. 当表示“经过努力才得以做成功某事”时应用be able to,
不能用Can。如:
He was able to go to the party yesterday evening in spite of the heavy rain.
Did anyone dare (to) admit it?有人敢于承认吗?
He did not dare (to) leave his car there. 他不 敢把车停放在那里。
初中英语-情态动词-课件(共31张PPT)
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二、情态动词的用法 4.dare和need
need “需要” dare“敢” 可作情态动词也可作实义动词
• (2)当实义动词使用时,有人称和时态的变化 • e.g.You don't need to do it yourself. • He did not dare(to) look up.
• ——Can you drive a car at present? • ——I_____ do so in the busy street.
• A.may not C.daren't
B.don't dare D.needn't
二、情态动词的用法 ed to和had better
• (1)used to表示过去的习惯动作或状态,现 已不存在。
• e.g.There used to be our playground.
二、情态动词的用法 ed to和had better
time. • I'll not be able to come this afternoon.
二、情态动词的用法
• (2)表客观可能性,在疑问句中表示请求或许可 • e.g.Man can not live without air. • Can I use your pen?
• *could是can的过去时,主要用于疑问句,表示语气委婉。 • 肯定回答用 • 否定回答可用
C.should tell
D.should have told
二、情态动词的用法 7.will和would
(1)表意愿,用于各种人称的陈述句。
• e.g.I will do anything for you. • If you will read the book,I'll lend it to you.
初中英语语法大全——情态动词(共25张PPT)
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三. must的用法
1.表示必须 must表示必须多指现在或将来的情况,强调说话者的主观语气即说话者认 为有必要或有义务做某事。对其一般疑问句的肯同答用must,否定回答用 needn't或者don't have to。 Everyone must take notes carefully in Professor Liu’s class. Must I finish the work tonight ? ---Yes, you must. --- No, you needn’t /don't have to.
九、had better的用法
1. 表示劝告或建议 eg: You' d better eat these bananas before they go ba d. 2. had better的否定形式 其否定形式是将not直接放在had better的后面。 eg: You had better not miss the last bus.
3.表示请求或允许 (1)用could 比用can更加迟疑不决,当没有把握得到允许或需 要委婉表达时用could。 eg: Could I take this seat, sir, if you don't mind? eg: You can phone me after six this afternoon. 当允许别人做某事时,答语用cause your cell phone for a while? --- Yes, of course you can.
五. will/would的用法
1、表示意愿 表示自愿做或主动提出做建电如意志 愿望或决心等,可用于各种 人称。would是will的过去式。 eg: I won’t argue with you.我不愿意和你争辩。 eg: Jane said she would not go with Tom, for she didn’t like him. 简说她不愿和汤姆一起去,因为她不喜欢他。
初中情态动词ppt课件
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• 4.We_d_o_n_'t_h_a_v_e__to_arrive so early.
命令禁止
must 必须,一定,表达说话人的主观看法 have to 不得不,强调客观需要 mustn't 禁止,不准,绝对不可以 don't have to 没必要
• 4.----Mum,can I wear my jeans to school? • ----No,you________wear your shool uniform.That's the
命令禁止 must have to mustn't don't have to
• 1.He is my best friend,so I__m_u_s_t______help him. • 2.He_h_a_s_t_o______get to school before 8 o'clock. • 3.We_m_u_s_t_n_'t_____sleep in class.
----Yes,please.//----Thanks, but i can manage it. 4.Could you please help me?
----Yes,with pleasure. ----Sorry,I can't.You had better try to ask someone else.
school rule. • A.can B.can't C.have to D.may
• 4.----Mum,can I wear my jeans to school? • ----No,you________wear your shool uniform.That's the
命令禁止
must 必须,一定,表达说话人的主观看法 have to 不得不,强调客观需要 mustn't 禁止,不准,绝对不可以 don't have to 没必要
• 4.----Mum,can I wear my jeans to school? • ----No,you________wear your shool uniform.That's the
命令禁止 must have to mustn't don't have to
• 1.He is my best friend,so I__m_u_s_t______help him. • 2.He_h_a_s_t_o______get to school before 8 o'clock. • 3.We_m_u_s_t_n_'t_____sleep in class.
----Yes,please.//----Thanks, but i can manage it. 4.Could you please help me?
----Yes,with pleasure. ----Sorry,I can't.You had better try to ask someone else.
school rule. • A.can B.can't C.have to D.may
• 4.----Mum,can I wear my jeans to school? • ----No,you________wear your shool uniform.That's the
初一情态动词语法讲解ppt课件
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A. can
B. must
C. should
D. May
10.—May I smoke here?
--No, you __________ only do that in the smoking room.
A. can
B. can’t
C. must
D. mustn’t
13
否定回答:
就划线部分提问:Yes, he can.
No, he can’t.
What can your elder brother do?
8
Practice
2.You ______________m__a_y_ (可以) leave now. 否定句:
You may not leave now. 一般疑问句:
应该 意愿 敢 需要 不得不
+ 动词原形
3
肯定
can could may might must should
否定
can not could not may not might not must not should not
缩写否定
can’t couldn’t
/ mightn’t mustn’t shouldn’t
6.—Must I answer this question in English? --No, you _________.
A. mustn’t B. can’t
C. needn’t
D. shouldn’t
7.—Alice, please be quiet! The others __________ hear clearly.
Grammar: Modal verbs
情态动词
七年级-情态动词ppt
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can't have done 的语气比 couldn't have done 要强一些
以could或would提问时,不能再以 could或would作答,而应该用can或will。 如: —Could I borrow your dictionary? —Yes, of course you can.
2.表示“必须”这个意思时,must 和 have to 稍有区别。must着重说明主观 看法,have to 强调客观需要。另外, have to 能用于更多时态。
I don’t like this TV set. We must buy a new one. There was no more bus. They had to walk home.
只作情态动词的 can / could, may / might, ought to, must
可情态可实义的 need, dare 可情态可助动词的 shall / should, will /
would 相当于情态动词的 have to, used to
can 和could:
1) can的主要用法是: A. 表示体力或脑力的能力:
I’d like to…
would表示过去的习惯,后接动词原形,意 为“总是,总会” e.g. He would sit near the fire for hours on winter evenings. e.g. When I was a child, I would go swimming with other children in summer.
dropped it can’t/couldn’t have done: 用于否定句时表否定推断,推
以could或would提问时,不能再以 could或would作答,而应该用can或will。 如: —Could I borrow your dictionary? —Yes, of course you can.
2.表示“必须”这个意思时,must 和 have to 稍有区别。must着重说明主观 看法,have to 强调客观需要。另外, have to 能用于更多时态。
I don’t like this TV set. We must buy a new one. There was no more bus. They had to walk home.
只作情态动词的 can / could, may / might, ought to, must
可情态可实义的 need, dare 可情态可助动词的 shall / should, will /
would 相当于情态动词的 have to, used to
can 和could:
1) can的主要用法是: A. 表示体力或脑力的能力:
I’d like to…
would表示过去的习惯,后接动词原形,意 为“总是,总会” e.g. He would sit near the fire for hours on winter evenings. e.g. When I was a child, I would go swimming with other children in summer.
dropped it can’t/couldn’t have done: 用于否定句时表否定推断,推
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—No, you needn't.
2.表示“必须”这个意思时,must 和
have to 稍有区别。must着重说明主观
看法,have to 强调客观需要。另外, have to 能用于更多时态。 I don’t like this TV set. We must buy a new one. There was no more bus. They had to walk home.
都可表示肯定的推测。 must表示比较 肯定的语气; can / could表示客观可能性; should表示确定或可能有的未来或期待; may表示推测时,其语气不肯定;might 语气更弱,表示某事实际发生的可能性。 如:
I think the old woman must be a nice person. The rescue team should arrive by 5 o’clock this afternoon. Advertisements can be quite dangerous.
1. shall用于构成将来时是助动词。 shall用于征求对方的意见,表示 “决心” 是情态动词。 e.g.: Perhaps I shall pay a visit to England this winter. 可能今年冬天我会去英国观光。 (构成一般将来时, 助动词)
Shall we go by train, Mom?
妈妈,我们乘火车去好吗?
Shall they wait here or outside?
(用于征求对方的意见,情态动词)
ቤተ መጻሕፍቲ ባይዱ
I shall go at once.
我必须立即去。 (表 “决心”,情态动词)
shall可以用于第一、三人称的疑问句,表示 征求意见或许可;还可用于第二、三人称的 陈述句中,表示允诺、警告、命令或威胁等。 如: You shall be punished if you break the rule.
will是助动词或是情态动词? will用于构成将来时是助动词。用于 表示“意志”“决心”“请求”是情态 动词。 e.g.She will give him anything he wants. Do what you will. 1. 表示经常性、习惯性、倾向性等,意 为“经常,惯于,总是”。
2. 在疑问句中用于第二人称,提出请求或询 问。 e.g. If you want help, let me know, will you? 如果你需要帮助, 让我知道, 好吗? 3.表示命令或允诺。 e.g. They will get enough money from me. You will do as I told you.
为“总是,总会”
e.g. He would sit near the fire for hours on
winter evenings.
e.g. When I was a child, I would go
swimming with other children in summer.
shall和should:
The newcomer may be dismissed by the
company.
could, might, would, should都可表示委 婉语气。如: I wonder if you could let me use your
cell phone.
Might I know your telephone number?
用于肯定句和否定句中。
e.g. --I believe the man is from England.
--But I may be wrong.
The guest may arrive this afternoon.
在肯定句中,may表示现实的可能性,多表示主 观的推测,can表示理论上的可能性。如: The road may be blocked. 这条路可能堵车了。
You shall fail if you don’t work harder.
He shall have the book when I finish reading.
2. should表示义务、建议、劝告,意
为 “应该”。 “should+ have+过去分
词”
表示本应该在过去做但没有做。 eg: You should keep your promise. 你应该遵守诺言。 She should have passed the exam. 她应该通过考试的。
只作情态动词的 可情态可实义的
can / could, may /
might, ought to, must
need, dare would
可情态可助动词的 shall / should, will / 相当于情态动词的 have to, used to
can 和could:
1) can的主要用法是: A. 表示体力或脑力的能力: eg. The girl can dance very well. B. 表示说话的推测﹑事物的可能性等( 否定、疑问) e.g. Can the news be true? He can’t be in the classroom now , for the light is out. C. 在口语中, can可以表示请求或允许: eg. Can I sit here?
3. would比will客气委婉。 e.g.: Would you help us, please? 请您帮助我们,好吗? (表请求) I’d go there with you. (表意愿) 我要和你一块到那儿去。 would you like… I’d like to…
would表示过去的习惯,后接动词原形,意
Grammar
情态动词的语法特征
1) 情态动词不能单独做谓语, 除ought和 have外, 后面只能接不带to的不定式。 2) 情态动词没有人称, 数的变化, 但有些情 态动词, 如can、will也有一般式和过去式 的变化。 3) 不少情况下, 情态动词的现在式形式和过 去式形式都可用来表示现在时间、过去时间 和将来时间。
The road can be blocked.
这条路可能会堵车。 在疑问句中,表示可能性用can。 如:Where can he be? 他会在哪呢?
C. 表示祝愿;但语气较正式: e.g. May you succeed! May you have a good journey! might 的用法有: might表示现在的请求时, 语气比may委婉, 一般用 于疑问句(包括间接疑问句), 不可用于肯定句或者 否定句。 如: Might I have a word with you? 我可以和你说句话吗?
以could或would提问时,不能再以
could或would作答,而应该用can或will。
如:
—Could I borrow your dictionary?
—Yes, of course you can.
may 和might :
may 常用来表示:
A. 表示请求、允许; 比can较为正式: e.g. May I come in ? You may go now. B. 表示说话人的猜测: “也许” “可能”: 通常只
2) could的主要用法是: A. could 是can的过去式, 表示与过去有关的
能力和推测:
e.g. We all knew that the young man
couldn’t be a doctor.
B. could可以代替can表示请求, 但语气较
can客气、委婉:
e.g. Could you lend me your dictionary? Could I use your bike?
除了在间接引语中,might 一般不表示过 去的可能或者许可。如要表示过去的可能可
以用could, 表示过去的许可可以用was (were)
allowed to
might表示现在的可能,其可能性要比may
小。如:
e.g. She might go home tomorrow.
说不定他明天会回家。
will和would:
must和 have to
1.must用于一般问句中,肯定回答用must 否定式用 needn’t或don’t have to, 做 “不必”, mustn’t表示“禁止,不允 许” — Must I finish all assignments at a time? —Yes, you must.
3.must表示对某人某事的猜测, 作“准 是”, “一定” , 一般用于肯定句中。对 过去发生的事情作肯定判断用must have done
You must be the new teacher. He must be joking. There is nobody here. They must have all gone home.
4. must表示“偏要, 硬要”, 指做令人不
快的事情 He must come and worry her with question, just when she was busy cooking the dinner.
can / could, may / might, should和must
3) can和could接动词的完成形式。 could have done:表示本可能做某事却没做。(有惋惜、 遗憾或委婉批评之意,也可以表示对过去动作的推测) e.g. a. You could have done better, but you didn’t try your best. b. This glass is cracked. Someone could have dropped it can’t/couldn’t have done: 用于否定句时表否定推断,推 测肯定没做;用于疑问句时意为“难道真的做了吗”,表 示怀疑。 e.g. They can't have gone out because the light is still on. Can he have done such a foolish thing? can't have done 的语气比 couldn't have done 要强一些
2.表示“必须”这个意思时,must 和
have to 稍有区别。must着重说明主观
看法,have to 强调客观需要。另外, have to 能用于更多时态。 I don’t like this TV set. We must buy a new one. There was no more bus. They had to walk home.
都可表示肯定的推测。 must表示比较 肯定的语气; can / could表示客观可能性; should表示确定或可能有的未来或期待; may表示推测时,其语气不肯定;might 语气更弱,表示某事实际发生的可能性。 如:
I think the old woman must be a nice person. The rescue team should arrive by 5 o’clock this afternoon. Advertisements can be quite dangerous.
1. shall用于构成将来时是助动词。 shall用于征求对方的意见,表示 “决心” 是情态动词。 e.g.: Perhaps I shall pay a visit to England this winter. 可能今年冬天我会去英国观光。 (构成一般将来时, 助动词)
Shall we go by train, Mom?
妈妈,我们乘火车去好吗?
Shall they wait here or outside?
(用于征求对方的意见,情态动词)
ቤተ መጻሕፍቲ ባይዱ
I shall go at once.
我必须立即去。 (表 “决心”,情态动词)
shall可以用于第一、三人称的疑问句,表示 征求意见或许可;还可用于第二、三人称的 陈述句中,表示允诺、警告、命令或威胁等。 如: You shall be punished if you break the rule.
will是助动词或是情态动词? will用于构成将来时是助动词。用于 表示“意志”“决心”“请求”是情态 动词。 e.g.She will give him anything he wants. Do what you will. 1. 表示经常性、习惯性、倾向性等,意 为“经常,惯于,总是”。
2. 在疑问句中用于第二人称,提出请求或询 问。 e.g. If you want help, let me know, will you? 如果你需要帮助, 让我知道, 好吗? 3.表示命令或允诺。 e.g. They will get enough money from me. You will do as I told you.
为“总是,总会”
e.g. He would sit near the fire for hours on
winter evenings.
e.g. When I was a child, I would go
swimming with other children in summer.
shall和should:
The newcomer may be dismissed by the
company.
could, might, would, should都可表示委 婉语气。如: I wonder if you could let me use your
cell phone.
Might I know your telephone number?
用于肯定句和否定句中。
e.g. --I believe the man is from England.
--But I may be wrong.
The guest may arrive this afternoon.
在肯定句中,may表示现实的可能性,多表示主 观的推测,can表示理论上的可能性。如: The road may be blocked. 这条路可能堵车了。
You shall fail if you don’t work harder.
He shall have the book when I finish reading.
2. should表示义务、建议、劝告,意
为 “应该”。 “should+ have+过去分
词”
表示本应该在过去做但没有做。 eg: You should keep your promise. 你应该遵守诺言。 She should have passed the exam. 她应该通过考试的。
只作情态动词的 可情态可实义的
can / could, may /
might, ought to, must
need, dare would
可情态可助动词的 shall / should, will / 相当于情态动词的 have to, used to
can 和could:
1) can的主要用法是: A. 表示体力或脑力的能力: eg. The girl can dance very well. B. 表示说话的推测﹑事物的可能性等( 否定、疑问) e.g. Can the news be true? He can’t be in the classroom now , for the light is out. C. 在口语中, can可以表示请求或允许: eg. Can I sit here?
3. would比will客气委婉。 e.g.: Would you help us, please? 请您帮助我们,好吗? (表请求) I’d go there with you. (表意愿) 我要和你一块到那儿去。 would you like… I’d like to…
would表示过去的习惯,后接动词原形,意
Grammar
情态动词的语法特征
1) 情态动词不能单独做谓语, 除ought和 have外, 后面只能接不带to的不定式。 2) 情态动词没有人称, 数的变化, 但有些情 态动词, 如can、will也有一般式和过去式 的变化。 3) 不少情况下, 情态动词的现在式形式和过 去式形式都可用来表示现在时间、过去时间 和将来时间。
The road can be blocked.
这条路可能会堵车。 在疑问句中,表示可能性用can。 如:Where can he be? 他会在哪呢?
C. 表示祝愿;但语气较正式: e.g. May you succeed! May you have a good journey! might 的用法有: might表示现在的请求时, 语气比may委婉, 一般用 于疑问句(包括间接疑问句), 不可用于肯定句或者 否定句。 如: Might I have a word with you? 我可以和你说句话吗?
以could或would提问时,不能再以
could或would作答,而应该用can或will。
如:
—Could I borrow your dictionary?
—Yes, of course you can.
may 和might :
may 常用来表示:
A. 表示请求、允许; 比can较为正式: e.g. May I come in ? You may go now. B. 表示说话人的猜测: “也许” “可能”: 通常只
2) could的主要用法是: A. could 是can的过去式, 表示与过去有关的
能力和推测:
e.g. We all knew that the young man
couldn’t be a doctor.
B. could可以代替can表示请求, 但语气较
can客气、委婉:
e.g. Could you lend me your dictionary? Could I use your bike?
除了在间接引语中,might 一般不表示过 去的可能或者许可。如要表示过去的可能可
以用could, 表示过去的许可可以用was (were)
allowed to
might表示现在的可能,其可能性要比may
小。如:
e.g. She might go home tomorrow.
说不定他明天会回家。
will和would:
must和 have to
1.must用于一般问句中,肯定回答用must 否定式用 needn’t或don’t have to, 做 “不必”, mustn’t表示“禁止,不允 许” — Must I finish all assignments at a time? —Yes, you must.
3.must表示对某人某事的猜测, 作“准 是”, “一定” , 一般用于肯定句中。对 过去发生的事情作肯定判断用must have done
You must be the new teacher. He must be joking. There is nobody here. They must have all gone home.
4. must表示“偏要, 硬要”, 指做令人不
快的事情 He must come and worry her with question, just when she was busy cooking the dinner.
can / could, may / might, should和must
3) can和could接动词的完成形式。 could have done:表示本可能做某事却没做。(有惋惜、 遗憾或委婉批评之意,也可以表示对过去动作的推测) e.g. a. You could have done better, but you didn’t try your best. b. This glass is cracked. Someone could have dropped it can’t/couldn’t have done: 用于否定句时表否定推断,推 测肯定没做;用于疑问句时意为“难道真的做了吗”,表 示怀疑。 e.g. They can't have gone out because the light is still on. Can he have done such a foolish thing? can't have done 的语气比 couldn't have done 要强一些