英语高考高效备考之非谓语动词解题原则与技巧
【高考复习】高考英语单词：非谓语动词十大实用解题原则
【高考复习】高考英语单词：非谓语动词十大实用解题原则非谓语动词主要包括todo,-ing和-ed三种形式，可是其用法非常广泛，它不仅是高考单项选择题测试的一个重点，而且也是完形填空、阅读理解、短文改错的重要考查内容。
为了能更好地掌握非谓语动词的用法，笔者在教学实践中总结出十条实用的解题原则，并且还用相关的题目来解释这些原则。
根据这些原则，相信同学们可以轻松地应对非谓语动词。
原则一：两句话必须用连词连接。
如果没有连词，你需要使用非限定动词例1._________manytimes,buthestillcouldn’tunderstandit.a、我已经死了。
havingtoldc。
他已经死了。
虽然他已经死了例2._________manytimes,hestillcouldn’tunderstandit.a、我已经死了。
havingtoldc。
他已经死了。
虽然他告诉过我解析：例1中有连词but连接，表明前后都是句子，所以答案为c。
例2后面是一个没有连词的句子，所以前面不是一个句子，应该使用非限定动词。
根据句子的意思，它是被动的，所以答案是a。
原则二：不及物动词无-ed形式非谓语动词，及物动词有宾语时用-ing形式，无宾语时用-ed形式例3 _________________________。
a.havinglostb.lostc.beinglostd.losing分析：lose是一个及物动词。
现在它后面没有物体，所以它使用-ed的形式，答案是B。
例4.__________,ireallybelievethati’dprefernot tomakeanychangenow.a、考虑到可能性B。
考虑到所有的可能性c.takenallthepossibilitiesintoconsiderationd.givingallthepossibilities分析：把。
认为结构是值得考虑的。
现在有一个对象，所有的可能性都在后面，所以使用-ing的形式，答案是B。
高中英语真题-巧用口诀和图表学习非谓语动词
高中英语真题:巧用口诀和图表学习非谓语动词英语中的动词分谓语动词和非谓语动词两大类，谓语动词在句子中可以作谓语，非谓语动词在句子中不能作谓语。
非谓语动词是中学生学习英语的一个重点，也是难点，规则很多，容易混淆和出错。
以下介绍利用口诀和图表学习非谓语动词的方法，供同学们参考。
一、非谓语动词的形式“非谓”形式记忆口诀“非谓”形式1、2、3，过去分词最简单；现在分词和动名词，两种形式记心间；不定式形式有三种，“完成”“进行”和“一般”。
非谓语动词的形式共分三种，即过去分词只有一种形式，现在分词有两种形式，动词不定式有三种形式，简称“非谓形式1、2、3”。
见下表（以动词do为例，下同）。
非谓语动词形式1、2、3 （图1）从从上表格中可以看出过去分词最简单，只有一种形式，即一般式done,现在分词分一般和完成两种形式，动词不定式有一般式、进行式和完成式三种形式。
熟记这些形式，是学好和用好非谓语动词的必要前提，必须在“熟”字上下功夫。
当我们在学习和使用非谓语动词时，大脑中首先浮现出“非谓语动词形式1、2、3”这幅图表，答题就有了较好的基础。
二、非谓语动词的功能非谓语动词总共有10种形式，每种形式用法均不同，不仅如此，有些非谓语动词的不同形式在句子中还可以充当同一功能（比如过去分词、现在分词和不定式均可在句中做定语），但存在区别。
以下表格（图2）仅介绍非谓语动词10种形式的主要功能及特点，详细用法可参看有关语法书籍。
非谓语动词各种形式功能表（图2）说明：1.doing和to do 都可以作主语、宾语和表语，但to do 表示将要进行的“某一次”动作，doing则表示经常的动作（例１）；它们都可以用作状语，但doing表示伴随或行为方式，而to do常表示目的（例2）；2.doing/being done 和having done/having been done都可以在句中作状语，但dong/being done表示的动作常与谓语动词的动作同时或几乎同时发生，而having done/having been done表示的动作则发生在谓语动作之前（例3、例4）；3.done,being done, to be done 这三个被动形式都可以在句子中作定语，但它们的时间概念有明显不同（例4－6）；4.动词不定式的进行式和完成式常与一些动词搭配（例8、例9）。
非谓语动词的做题技巧
非谓语动词的做题技巧一、非谓语动词是啥呢？宝子们，非谓语动词就像是英语语法里的一群小机灵鬼。
它呢，不能单独作谓语，但又有着各种各样的作用。
比如说，它可以表示动作的先后顺序，就像在排队一样，谁先谁后可讲究了呢。
它还能表达一些比较复杂的意思，就像我们想描述一个动作正在进行，同时还有其他动作发生的时候，它就派上用场啦。
二、做题小技巧来咯1. 看句子里有没有and，but这些连接词。
要是有呢，前后的动词形式可能要保持一致哦。
就像两个小伙伴手拉手，要穿一样风格的衣服呢。
比如说，I like to read and write. 这里read和write都是用的非谓语动词形式，而且都是to do的形式，是不是很有趣呀？2. 注意句子里的主语哦。
主语就像是老大，非谓语动词要听它的指挥。
如果主语是主动做某个动作，那非谓语动词可能就是现在分词形式。
比如The boy standing there is my brother. 这里的boy是主动站（stand）在那里的，所以stand就变成了standing这种现在分词形式啦。
要是主语是被做某个动作，那非谓语动词可能就是过去分词形式。
像The book written by him isvery popular. 书是被他写（write）的，所以write就变成了written这种过去分词形式呢。
3. 还有哦，有些固定搭配一定要记住。
就像look forward to doing sth，这里的to后面一定要接动名词形式（doing），这是人家规定好的，就像游戏规则一样，可不能乱改哦。
再比如，have trouble in doing sth，也是要接动名词形式的。
要是记不住这些搭配，做题的时候就很容易出错啦。
4. 当我们看到句子里有表示目的的时候，非谓语动词经常会用不定式形式。
比如说，I come here to see you. 我来这里（come here）的目的是看你（to see you），这里的to see就是不定式形式，表示目的呢。
高中英语非谓语动词考查重点和解题方法归纳
高中英语非谓语动词考查重点和解题方法归纳非谓语动词属于英语语法的三座大山之一，无论在考试中还是平时的英语阅读中所起的作用都举足轻重。
但是，对于这么重要的语法内容，很多同学们却怎么学都学不透，要么完全不懂、做题时全靠“感觉”；要么一知半解，能跳过则跳过。
其实，只要方法正确，遇到有关非谓语动词的题目时就会迎刃而解，更令人开心的是，在平时的英语阅读中再也不需要绕道而行了！一、非谓语动词的含义非谓语动词首先是一种动词形式，其次是这种动词形式不能做谓语，综合这两点，我们将其叫做非谓语动词。
二、非谓语动词的形式非谓语动词包含四种形式，即不定式、动名词、现在分词和过去分词。
其中，每种形式按照发生时间和主被动又包括不同的子形式。
具体如下：1、不定式①基本形式：to do（表示主动，并且一般表示将来）②被动式：to be done（表示被动，并且一般表示将来）③进行式：to be doing （表示主动和进行）④完成时：to have done（表示主动和完成）⑤完成被动式：to have been done（表示被动和完成）⑥完成进行式：to have been doing （表示主动和完成进行）例如：The teacher told us to do morning exercises .老师让我们做早操。
The car to be bought is for his sister.要买的这辆车是给他的姐姐的。
She pretended to be reading when the teacher came into the classroom.老师进来时，她假装正在读书。
The thief is said to have escaped.据说小偷已经逃跑了。
The thief is said to have been arrested.据说小偷已经被抓住了。
She is said to have been working in the factory over the last 20 years.据说在过去的20年里，她一直在这家工厂工作。
非谓语动词解题五要素
非谓语动词解题五要素非谓语动词解题“五要素”非谓语动词内容繁多，使用复杂，是学生们在英语学习过程中的最大难点，也是高考中的必考项目。
同学们要想能轻松迎战高考，快速准确地解题，不妨牢记非谓语动词解题“五要素”：“作用——逻辑主语——主被动——时间关系——特殊情况”。
在做题过程中通过分析以上五要素而逐步排除干扰项，很快就可以找准答案。
此“五要素”的具体内容如下：1、确定是非谓语动词，判断非谓语动词在句中所起的作用；2、判断非谓语动词的逻辑主语：作主语补足语，逻辑主语为句子的主语；作宾语补足语，逻辑主语为宾语；作定语，逻辑主语是所修饰的先行词；作表语，逻辑主语是句子的主语；作状语，逻辑主语一般是句子的主语。
复合结构自带逻辑主语。
3、判断非谓语动词与其逻辑主语的主被动关系。
如果是主动关系，非谓语动词是主动式，如果是被动关系，则用被动式。
4、判断非谓语动词与句子的谓语动词所表示的动作所发生的时间关系。
如果与谓语动词所表示的动作同时发生，用一般式；如果发生在之前，则用完成式，如果强调正在进行，则用进行时；如果动作在将来发生，则用不定式。
5、特殊情况（包括固定搭配、习语或例外）典型高考题例：①The Chinese are proud of the 29th Olympic Games ____ in Beijing in 2008. 【06四川】A. holdB. holdingC. heldD. to be held【五要素分析】非谓语动词短语作定语；逻辑主语是“the Olympic Games”；与动词“hold”为被动关系，排除A、B两项；时间关系为将来（2008），排除C项（已经完成），因此正确答案为D，（将举办）。
②Reading is an experience quite different from watching TV; there are pictures ____ in your mind instead of before your eyes. 【04全国卷Ⅲ】A. to formB. formC. formingD. having formed【五要素分析】非谓语动词作定语，修饰pictures，排除B项；逻辑主语是“pictures”；与动词“form”为主动关系；“form”的动作与“watch TV”同时发生，排除A和D项，正确答案C。
非谓语动词习题答题技巧
非谓语动词习题答题技巧非谓语动词是英语语法中的一个重要概念。
它指的是在句子中作动词、形容词或副词的非谓语形式，包括不定式、动名词和分词。
掌握非谓语动词的用法和运用技巧，对于提高英语写作和阅读能力非常重要。
本文将为大家介绍非谓语动词习题的答题技巧，希望能够对大家的学习有所帮助。
一、理解非谓语动词的分类和用法在开始解答非谓语动词习题前，首先要对非谓语动词的分类和用法有一定的了解。
非谓语动词包括不定式、动名词和分词，它们在句子中可以作主语、宾语、表语、定语、状语等。
在学习时，要了解每种非谓语动词的特点和用法，以便在答题过程中能够正确运用。
二、注意非谓语动词的形式和变化1. 不定式的形式一般为"to + 动词原形"，在句子中充当名词、形容词或副词。
不定式的否定形式是在"to"前加"not"，也可以简写为"n't"。
不定式的时态没有变化，不受主语和谓语动词的影响。
2. 动名词的形式一般是在动词原形后加上"-ing"，在句子中充当名词。
动名词的时态和数与主语保持一致，但没有单三人称的区别。
3. 分词分为现在分词和过去分词。
现在分词的形式一般是在动词原形后加上"-ing"，过去分词则根据动词的不规则变化形式而定。
分词可以用作形容词、副词或短语动词。
三、掌握非谓语动词的常见搭配和用法在答题过程中，要注意掌握非谓语动词的常见搭配和用法。
下面列举一些常见的搭配和用法：1. 不定式常与短语动词搭配，如"agree to"、"decide to"、"plan to"等。
2. 动名词常与介词搭配，如"be interested in"、"look forward to"、"depend on"等。
「透析」高考英语复习：非谓语动词考点透析及解题技巧
「透析」高考英语复习：非谓语动词考点透析及解题技巧非谓语动词包括动词不定式、动名词和分词（现在分词和过去分词）三种形式。
非谓语动词既是高中英语学习的重点和难点，又是每年高考英语考查的热点。
非谓语动词在句中不能作谓语，无人称和数的变化，但仍然具有动词的特征，如有时态和语态的变化，其后可接宾语和状语。
就非谓语动词而言，高考侧重考查其基本用法、句法功能和非谓语动词所表达的含义等。
下面，笔者结合近几年高考英语试题对非谓语动词的常见考点进行分析、探究，以期对考生有所帮助。
考点一、考查动名词与动词不定式作主语动名词做主语表示抽象的、经常性的动作；而动词不定式作主语则表示具体的、某一次的动作，且常用it 充当形式主语，而将动词不定式（短语）后置。
【典例1】（2021年全国甲卷语法填空) It is possible 43 (walk) or bike the entire 14 kilometers.【解析】考查动词不定式作主语。
句意：可以步行或骑自行车走14公里。
分析句子可知，此处考查句型“It + be + adj. + to do sth.”，it作形式主语，动词不定式作真正主语。
故答案填to walk。
【典例2】（2019年全国III卷语法填空) On our way to the house, it was raining so hard that we couldn’t help wondering how long it would take 62 (get) there.【解析】考查动词不定式作主语。
分析句子结构，在“It takes some time to do sth.”句型中，it 作形式主语，动词不定式作真正主语。
故此处应填to get。
【典例3】（2018年北京卷单项填空改编) ______ (travel) along the old Silk Road is an interesting and rewarding experience.【解析】考查动名词作主语。
2024年高考二轮复习-语法填空非谓语动词(答题模版与解题技巧)(原卷版)
题型12 语法填空非谓语动词考点解读非谓语动词是语法填空的必考点，重点考查其在句中所充当的句子成分和其对应形式。
非谓语不能单独作谓语，但同时保留动词的某些特征。
没有人称和数的变化，但有时态、语态的变化，可以有自己的宾语、状语等。
判断技巧如果句中已经有谓语动词，且设空处与其不构成并列关系，则考虑设空处使用非谓语动词。
【典例1】with or if it’s something we develop based on our experiences.【典例2】【典例1】（广东省佛山市南海区2023-2024学年高三测试题）Shandong is willing to work with Italianchapter in the cultural and tourism cooperation and exchanges between the two places, said a senior official from the Shandong Provincial Department of Culture and Tourism.【典例2】（湖南省永州一中2023-2024学年高三试题）We often exchange views on style and production skills,” said Shu,__________ (add) that young consumers make up a big part of her customers.【典例3】（广东省佛山市南海区2023-2024学年高三测试题）(host) by the Shandong Provincial Department of Culture and Tourism, the event’s opening ceremony was attended by more than 100 guests, including government officials from both sides, as well as representatives from Italy.【典例1】（广东省新高考高中联合质量测评省级联考试题）“Walking has taught me that everything and everyone has a story (share); we just have to be willing to listen,” she said.【典例2】（江苏省东台中学2023-2024学年高三10月试题）There being many choices of (package) Luosifen these days ,people can easily prepare their favorite version at home.【典例1】（广东省深圳市红岭中学2023-2024学年高三统考试题）After the end of the Qing Dynasty, the Palace Museum was established in 1925, allowing tourists at home and abroad (visit) the architecture and appreciate the artistic treasures.【典例2】（河北省高碑店市崇德实验中学2023年高三试题）Around 9,000 years ago, this ice melted, with about 100 glaciers (leave) behind.【典例1】（2023年山东高三模拟）Creating a brand-new organism by __________（combine）the gene s of existing, unrelated organisms is known as genetic engineering.【典例2】There are so many kinds of tape-recorders on sale that I can’t make up my mind which ________(buy).【典例1】（广东省广东省四校联考2023-2024学年高三9月试题）The study, which appeared in the journal PLOS Medicine,indicates that individuals who take in higher-than-average amounts of artificial sweetener are 13% more likely (suffer) from cancer.【典例2】（湖南省部分校2023-2024学年高三试题）The sociologists state that naked marriage is worth _____ (advocate) strongly among young people because it demonstrates civilization and progress.1.（广东省六校2023-2024学年高三第一次联考试题）Dr. Wang began to question the umbrella species narrative and carried out research, only (find) that panda conservation had not helped large carnivores in China.2.（湖南省常德市临澧一中2023-2024学年高三试题）But with cheaper, machine-produced trinkets (小首饰)_______ (rule) the market, they couldn’t rely on the old technique to survive.for growing tea, since 2018, we have improved the management of the tea plantation, introducedadvanced planting techniques and provided training for villagers,” Huang said.4.（湖北省黄冈市2023-2024学年高三调研试题）Seemingly, (mention) his name gives people joy even after a thousand years.5.（湖北省腾云联盟2023-2024年高三联考试题）The volunteers not only take care of the aged and look after children but also resolve conflicts, Wang noted, (add) that if disagreements, quarrels, or any other fights occur, “Taiping Women” will be there to help.6.（湖北省宜荆荆恩2023-2024学年高三起点试题）Since Liuzhou is a city full of Luosifen restaurants, with many near one another, you can even smell it (walk) down the street!7.（福建省厦门双十中学2023-2024学年高三10月试题）The butter-plum flavour, characteristic of China, was also among the new flavours (add) through the years.8.（河北省保定市重点高中2023-2024学年高三试题）The Prints-A Riot of Colors, an exhibition (feature) some 130 prints created by generations of Chinese artists, the oldest one of which dates back to the 1930s, opened on Monday at the Guardian Art Center in Beijing. An online auction (拍卖) of most of the showpieces held by China Guardian Auctions is running with the exhibition.9.(福建省永春第五中学2023年高三试题)Shenzhou XⅢ crew members Wang Yaping and Ye Guangfu _______（conduct）a science lecture 400 kilometers above Earth on December 9th.10.(福建省永春第五中学2023年高三试题)Wang Yihan, a fifth-grade student said that he was ______ （interest）in watching the astronauts' experiments.11.（江苏省2023-2024学年高三名校联考检测试题）“There is a touch of Stranger Things” to thisand tsunami”;12.（广东省2023-2024学年普通高三调研试题）When the dog days just come, people tend (lose) their appetites.13.（2024届福建省泉州市高中毕业班质量检测）It was first introduced to the USA in 1971 by a New York Times reporter, James Reston, in an article (title) “Now, about my operation in Peking”.14.（2023年广东省佛山市顺德区均安中学高三拉练试题）There are many ways (enjoy) spring bamboo shoots, from nutritious soups to fun snacks.15.（广东省江门市新会一中2023-2024学年高三试题）The study focused on a group of people who sang in a professional choir and discovered that the amount of proteins in the blood thatfunction as antibodies(抗体) was obviously higher after singing, so people involved in music could be less likely (get) sick.16.（湖南师范大学附属中学2023-2024学年高三试题）He implemented new laws to ease farmers’ burdens, loaned grain to farmers and allowed them to repay their debts after the autumn harvest. He17.(湖南师范大学附属中学2023-2024学年高三摸底考试)Since the summer of 2022, a 26-year-old Shanghai resident ( name) Chen Jiaorong has been walking along Julu Road in Shanghai’s downtown area once or twice a week, looking around and picking up“garbage”.factory“, Dafen impressed visitors with its many workshops, in which painters created mock masterpieces by Van Gogh, Monet and Warhol.19.（湖南省常德市第一中学2023-2024学年高三试题）From the late 13th until 19th century, with the highest section built and the overall length (shorten), the Canal was turned into a main passage between northern and southern China as well as the economic lifeline of the country.flavorful and clear soup, shaved beef, deep red chili oil and lots of characteristic ingredients, Lanzhou Beef Noodles has received a large number of votes from Chinese citizens.21.（2024届广东省四校高三第一次联考试题）So far, Shandong has launched many cultural tourism projects, making great progress in digging into the culture and value of the Yellow River _______(boost）the high-quality development of the region.22.（广东省执信中学2023-2024学年高三开学试题）What you have to remember is (put) the glass down.23.（广东省七校联合体2023-2024学年高三联考试题）The ministry will make continuous efforts_____ (increase)the proportion of green buildings, raise building energy efficiency standards and popularize buildings with extra-low energy consumption in regions with suitable climate conditions.24.（湖南省常德市第一中学2023-2024学年高三试题）Huawei, which has endured years of US sanctions, surprised the world on Aug 29, with an unadvertised announcement -the launch of its latest high-end smartphone, the Mate 60 Pro, (price) at 6,999 yuan ($964). This strategic move, devoid of pre-release marketing, triggered an instant sensation, especially within China.25.（湖南省常德市第一中学2023-2024学年高三试题）Characters and images are carved to produce _____ (raise) areas or lines that will eventually apply ink to paper.26.（浙江省名校新高考研究联盟）One should be clear about what (love) or hate. Ren comes from learning and self-cultivation: it can be seen from a person’s appearance.27.（浙江省名校协作体2023-2024学年高三适应性试题）Moreover, fully consider each option. It can be easy_____ (let) a particular school become a front-runner early on in your decision-making process, and it may even become the winning choice28.（2024届福建省三明市等5地高三一模试题）Though Lin Qiaozhi never married, she was29.（辽宁省六校2023-2024学年高三联考试卷）Shyness is a force which prevents us from realizing our potential and (enjoy) the company of other people.30.（2024届辽宁省沈阳市浑南区东北育才学校一模试题）The Getty Center sits on a hilltop in the。
非谓语解题三步法
非谓语解题三步法非谓语动词是指在句子中不是谓语的动词，主要包括动词不定式、动名词和分词。
在英语句子中，非谓语动词可以担任不同的成分，如主语、宾语、状语等。
解决非谓语问题，可以遵循以下三个步骤：一、识别非谓语动词在句子中，首先需要识别非谓语动词。
非谓语动词通常会以动词不定式、动名词或分词的形式出现。
需要注意的是，非谓语动词不能担任谓语成分，因此需要判断其前面的词语是否为名词或代词，以确定是否为非谓语动词。
二、分析句子结构在识别非谓语动词后，需要分析句子的结构。
非谓语动词可以担任多种成分，如主语、宾语、状语等。
需要根据句子的意思和结构来确定非谓语动词担任的成分。
例如：1. To go to the party was a great decision.（动词不定式作主语）2. Swimming in the sea is my favorite hobby.（动名词作主语）3. Reading books on weekends is relaxing.（动名词作宾语）4. To win the game was easy, but to keep the trophy was hard.（动词不定式作主语和宾语）5. Seeing the movie made me feel sad.（现在分词作状语）三、确定非谓语动词的形式在确定非谓语动词的成分后，需要根据句子的意思和结构来确定非谓语动词的形式。
非谓语动词的形式包括动词不定式、动名词和分词。
需要根据非谓语动词在句子中的位置和作用来确定其形式。
例如：1. To go to the party was a great decision.（动词不定式作主语，表示将来的动作）2. Swimming in the sea is my favorite hobby.（动名词作主语，表示一般的动作）3. Reading books on weekends is relaxing.（动名词作宾语，表示一般的动作）4. To win the game was easy, but to keep the trophy was hard.（动词不定式作主语和宾语，表示将来的动作）5. Seeing the movie made me feel sad.（现在分词作状语，表示主动关系）。
高中英语非谓语动词“四步解题”法
高考中出现频率最高也是最容易混淆的是对非谓语动词作状语，现在分词与不定式的考查。现 在分词作伴随状语在句中的位置是非常灵活的，它的伴随意义在它的动作与主句动作同时发 生，有些时候通过意思并不是很好判断，需要借助标点符号。看下面例题： The secretary worked late into night，____ （prepare）a long speech. The secretary worked late into night ____ （prepare）a long speech. 一个标点之差导致所用形式不同。现在分词作伴随状语位于句中或句末通常使用逗号隔开，而 不定式作目的状语却不需要。 不定式作目的状语也是考点之一，如：… plucking up a crop ____ （help） it grow… “拔苗是为 了助长”所以填入不定式来表示目的。这与现在分词作伴随状语的区分较明显。 同学们容易混淆的是，不定式和现在分词作结果状语。例如： The sun began to rise in the sky,（bathing）the mountain in the golden light. （自然而然的结 果） I went to see him，only（to find）him out. 我想去看他，结果发现他出去了。（意料之外） 大家只要记住这个规律：现在分词表示意料之中的结果，而不定式表示意料之外的结果。
第三步，分析语态。
判断是用主动态还是被动态。逻辑主语与非谓语动词之间的关系决定了语态的使用，如果是主 谓关系，就用现在分词或不定式的主动式；如果是动宾关系，就用现在分词或不定式的被动式 及过去分词。
第四步，分析时态。
在选定了主动或被动后，还要考虑动作发生的时间问题。如果非谓语动词的动作发生在谓语动 词的动作之前Байду номын сангаас就用过去分词、现在分词或不定式的完成式；如果发生在谓语动词动作之后， 用不定式的一般式；如果两个动作同时进行，就用现在分词或不定式的进行式。
考前必刷03 核心语法之非谓语动词(解析版)-备战2021年高考英语经典小题考前必刷(全国通用)
备战2021年高考英语经典小题考前必刷03.核心语法之非谓语动词【刷重点】重点一 非谓语动词做主语、宾语和表语★★★☆☆1.非谓语动词中能做主语的有动名词和不定式(1)动名词做主语表示一般的、抽象的或习惯性的动作，不定式做主语表示具体的、一次性的或尚未做的动作。
(2)it 做形式主语，代替真正做主语的动词不定式或动名词。
常见句型有：It is/was no use/good ＋doing sth.; It is/was useless doing sth.; It's a waste of time doing sth.; It's ＋adj .＋for/of sb.＋to do sth.等。
2．非谓语动词中能做表语的有现在分词、过去分词、动名词和不定式。
注意现在分词做表语意为“令人感到……的”，而过去分词做表语意为“本身感到……的”。
3．非谓语动词中能做宾语的有动名词和不定式(1)只能跟动名词做宾语的动词和短语：suggest 、 imagine 、 mind 、 admit 、 practise 、 risk 、 keep 、 keep on 、 avoid 、 escape 、 enjoy 、 consider 、 finish 、 miss 、 insist on 、 look forward to 、 feel like 、 get down to 、 object to 等。
(2)只能跟不定式做宾语的动词和短语：wish 、 hope 、 decide 、 refuse 、 promise 、 pretend 、 manage 、 want 、 plan 、 fail 、 choose 、 would like 等。
(3)既可跟动名词又可跟不定式做宾语的动词和短语：remember 、 forget 、 regret 、 stop 、 go on 、 try 等。
⎩⎪⎨⎪⎧ forget to do sth.忘记要去做某事此事未做forget doing sth.忘记做过某事此事已做过或已发生⎩⎪⎨⎪⎧ stop to do sth.停止、中断某件事，目的是去做另一件事stop doing sth.停止正在做的事⎩⎪⎨⎪⎧ remember to do sth.记住去做某事未做remember doing sth.记得做过某事已做⎩⎪⎨⎪⎧ regret to do sth.对要做的事感到遗憾常跟say 、 tell 、 inform 等regret doing sth.对做过的事后悔⎩⎪⎨⎪⎧try to do sth.努力做某事try doing sth.尝试做某事 ·Remember to turn off the lights before you go to bed.睡觉前记得关灯。
最新高考英语指导非谓语动词三步解题法
非谓语动词遇到有关非谓语动词的单选题，可以根据句中的搭配结构、非谓语的主被动形式和非谓语的“时态”三个角度，从语言的结构到语义由简单到复杂依次排选。
第一步：根据非谓语形式在句中可作的成分来分析空白处可填入的非谓语形式，看能否在不定式、分词和动名词几个形式之间先排除一个或几个。
非谓语动词在句中可作成分一览表主语宾语表语定语状语宾补不定式√√√√√√分词√√√√动名词√√√√注：1).the分词也可用作主语和宾语；2).现在分词完成式不作定语。
1．非谓语形式作主语或宾语时，除“the分词”外一般只能用不定式或动名词。
其中不定式作介词的宾语时要使用“特殊疑问词不定式”结构。
例如：1).It’s very kind of you to help us.2).Fighting broke out between the South and the North.3).The driver failed to see other cars at the moment .4).Please show us how to do that.2．作状语时，不定式表示目的以及so/as to do和(only)to do中的结果状语，其它状语都用分词来表示。
例如：1).To sleep late the next morning,he turned off the alarm clock.（“非谓语主句”模式中，非谓语在句首而且由逗号与主句隔开，此句中的不定式只作目的状语；此时的分词表示时间、原因或条件状语，有时分词前可加when,while,if,before, after,as和though等连词，如：①Given more attention,thetrees could have grown better. ②When asked,never be silent.）2).He came here only to say good-bye to us.（不定式在句中作目的状语时它前面不能用逗号）3).He spoke a lot at the conference,only to show his ignorance on the topic.（不定式在主句之后，又有逗号与主句隔开时常用(only)to do形式表示出乎主语意料的结果）第二步：在第一步的基础上从非谓语的主被动形式这个角度进行筛选。
非谓语动词在高考中的考点及易错点
非谓语动词在高考中的考点及易错点一．非谓语题的解题总方法与思路：1.先看四个答案：如果四个答案分别为动词原形、不定式、现在分词、过去分词等情况,那么这个题多半是非谓语动词题;2.看符号：中间有个逗号,末尾有个句号有时中间没有逗号；3.看有没有连接词引导词;如果用逗号隔开的两个部分都没有连接词的话,一部分是句子时,那么另一部分就一定是非句子,而非句子里的动词就是非谓语动词;4.定语态：如果本句的主语或动词自带的逻辑主语与它是逻辑上的主谓关系,那么答案一般用Ving形式；如果本句的主语或动词自带的逻辑主语与它是逻辑上的动宾关系被动关系,那么答案一般用Ved形式;5.定时态：如果非谓语的动作比谓语先或先很久发生,那么非谓语动词要用完成式to have done/to have been done/ having done/ Having been done,否则我们要用非谓语的一般式to do / to be done / doing / being done / done;Eg.for an hour by his teacher, the boy felt depressed.A. Being scoldedB. Having been scoldedC. To be scoldedD. Scolding 1答案：B 二．非谓语动词可能出现的考查点及易错点：一．使用非谓动词的语言结构;1 在“句子, and/or/but +句子”的并列句结构中,可能会考查“以动词原形开头”的祈使句,四个答案表面上象非谓语,其实考查的是谓语;and you will succeed in the exam.or you will fail in the exam.A. StudyB. To studyC. StudyingD. Studied 2、3答案：AA2 在“句子,非句子”结构中,非句子部分用非谓语：4. The teacher devoted his life to his career, ______ most of his students successful in study.A. makeB. to makeC. makingD. made 4答案：C3 在“非句子,句子”结构中,非句子部分用非谓语：5. _________with children, I know what is needed most.A. WorkingB. Having workedC. WorkedD. To work 5答案：B4 在“with + 宾语+ 宾语补足语”结构中,宾语补足语可能用非谓语动词：6. With her baby _______ on her back, the woman was cleaning the rich man’s house.A. sleepB. sleptC. to sleepD. sleeping 6答案：D7. With his hair _______ like a role in the film, the boy felt very cool.A. cutB. to be cutC. cuttingD. to cut 7答案：B5 在drive/leave/keep/make/have/let/get/find/hear…等使让动词或感观动词后面作宾语补足语时,也可能用非谓语动词;8. He made his sister ______ by taking away her toy.9. His sister was made _______ by his taking away her toy.A. cryB. to cryC. cryingD. cried 8、9答案：A B10. the policeman found the thief ______ his hand into an old man’s pocket and arrested him.A. putB. puttingC. to putD. being put 10答案：B二. 非谓语动词考点易错点：1 表面上考分词,实际上考形容词的情况：, he fell asleep quickly.A. TireB. TiringC. TiredD. To tire 11答案：Cman won a big prize, __________and ________.A. surprised ; happyB. surprising ; happyC. surprised ; pleasantD. surprising ; pleased 12答案：A13. _______ in thought of the problems, the man didn’t realize his girlfriend’s coming in.A. LosingB. LostC. To loseD. Having lost 13答案：B14. The students ________ in art can sign in the form and be a member of our school.A. interestB. interestingC. interestedD. To interest 14答案：C2 在“被动形式表主动”情况中出题：15. __________ a white skirt, the girl looks like an angel.A. WornB. wearC. dressed inD. dressing 15答案：Cwear的后面加衣服；dress表示动作时,后面要加人而不加衣；be dressed in是固定搭配,其中的dressed已经演变成形容词,本是其实可以看成是when the girl is dressed in a white skirt 省略而来的;16. _______ in an armchair, he is always surfing online, eating fish and chips.A. SitB. SatC. SeatingD. Seated 16答案：DSit是动词,这里应该用sitting; seat作动词时,其后不加凳子,要加人,而且这个词一般用被动形式表示主动意义;3 在“主动形式表被动”的情况中出题：tired and weak, the woman should have a day off to see a doctor.A. LookB. LookingC. LookedD. Looking 17答案：Dlook在本题中不是实意动词,而是感观系动词,系动词在非谓语中用主动式表被动;18. With many problems ________ ________ , the newly selected president will have a hard time.A. remain; unsettledB. remaining; unsettledC. remained ; unsettlingD. remained; unsettling 18答案：B用with开头的部分在这里是一个介词短语,不是句子,因此用非谓语,而remain表示“仍然；仍然是”时是系动词,只能用主动形式；problems与unsettle是动宾关系或被动关系,所以用过去分词unsettled.19. Having some clothes ___________, I cannot join you to see the film.A. to washB. to be washedC. washed D . washing 19答案：A宾语补足语中的动词用非谓语动词；虽然衣服应该是被洗,但是当句子主语与不定式为主谓关系时,我们用主动形式表被动;20. _________ smooth, this kind of pen sells well in our school.A. To writeB. WritingC. being writtenD. Written 20答案：B｛20解析：动词如果不是表示动作,而是表示物体具有某种性质或特征时,往往用主动形式表示被动;｝4从“主语一致或主语不一致”角度出题：逗号分开的前后两部分有时逻辑主语一致,有时逻辑主语不一致;逻辑主语不一致时,非谓语动词一般要自带逻辑主语,这种现象叫做“分词的独立主格结构;”21. _________ from this angle, the mountain looks like a face of a man.A. To seeB. SeeingC. SeenD. Saw 21答案：C｛21解析：空格处的动词本身没有带主语,那么本句的主语the mountain就要做其逻辑主语,由于the mountain与see是动宾关系,所以我们选用过去分词;｝22. _______, I'll go there with you tomorrow afternoon. 22答案：CA. Time permitsB. If time permittingC. Time permittingD. Time's permitting｛22 解析：permit与I没有主谓关系,也没有动宾关系,permit自带了逻辑主语time“时间允许的话”,而time与permit为逻辑上的主谓关系,所以用现在分词的独立结构;｝三）注意的几点：1）有些分词有时可作分词有时又可作形容词;23. _________ enemy, Liu Hunan was very brave. 23答案C24. _________ with difficulties, we should not give in.24答案BA. To faceB. FacedC. FacingD. face｛23、24解析：23题中的face是一个动词,由于与Liu Hunan是逻辑上的主谓关系,我们用现在分词形式,；24题中实际上考查了be faced with这一固定搭配,其中的faced看成形容词;｝25. The president of South Africa flied to Libya, ______ to help solve the crisis.26. The president of South Africa flied to Libya, ______ at helping solve the crisis.A. aimB. aimingC. aimedD. to aim 25选B 26选C｛25、26解析：25题考查了动词aim to do sth.旨在做某事,；26题考查固定搭配be aimed at doing sth. 旨在做某事其中的aimed看成形容词｝27. Though _______ money, his parents sent him to a key university.28. Though _______ in money, his parents sent him to a key university.29. Though in _____ of money, his parents sent him to a key university.A. lackB. lackingC. lackedD. to lack 27选B、28选B、29选A｛27、28、29解析：27题中非谓语动词lacking与his parents及money分别构成逻辑上的主谓关系和动宾关系；28题中考查了固定搭配：be lacking in“缺少”,其中的lacking 为形容词；29题考查了固定搭配介宾结构in lack of“缺少”,其中的lack是名词,这其实是由though his parents were in lack of money省略了主语和were而业的｝2）作结果状语时,doing与onlyto do的区别;表示结果状语时,现在分词v+ing表示意料之中的结果；而不定式to do/ only to do表示意料之外的结果：30. His parents were killed in the accident,thus _______ him an orphan.A. leaveB. leavingC. leftD. to leave 30选B｛30解析：他父母出了事故,他变成了孤儿就是意料之中在事情了,用现在分词表结果状语;｝31. I hurried to school, only _______ that it was Sunday. 31选DA. findB. findingC. foundD. to find｛31解析：发现是星期天是我匆忙赶到学校意料之外的结果,说明我忘记了,如果我知道是星期天就不可能还匆忙地赶到学校了;用不定式表意料之外的的结果;｝3）作主语时,非谓语动词之to do 与doing 的区别;32. _________is a good form of exercise for both young and old. 32选BA. The walkB. WalkingC. To walkD. Walk｛不定式做主语常表示具体的一次性的动作;动句词表示一般的经常性的动作,多次散步才会有利于健康;｝4）演变成了介词或连词的分词;英语中有些词表面上看是分词,但实际上已经变成了介词,因此应该用ing形式还是分词ed 形式已经变得约定俗成了;这时往往不适用非谓动词规则,而是看英美人士的习惯;33. ___________her age,she looks quite young．A．Consider B. Considered C. To consider D. Considering｛33解析：题意是：“就她的年龄而论,她显得十分年轻;”这里的considering表示“考虑到；鉴于”,它已经变成了介词,不管是“考虑还是被考虑”这里都用considering;｝高中阶段我们还学过的有：5）有些非谓语动词是省略而来的,有些则不是;34. ______ by her mother, the girl burst into tears. 34选BA. Be scoldedB. ScoldedC. ScoldingD. To scold｛34解析：scold与the girl是动宾关系,因此用过去分词作原因状语；其实这个句子也是由一个完整的原因状语从句省略来的;原句为：Because the girl was scolded by her mother, the girl burst into tears.当主从复合句的主语一致,且谓语动词里有be 动词时,可以把“连词+主语+be”部分省略;｝35. ____________ the tomb for 5 years, he is now called an expert more or less. 35选BA. StudyingB. Having studiedC. Having been studiedD. To study｛35解析：逗号前面部分不是句子省略而来,由于he 与study是逻辑上的主谓关系,加上study在先有5年了,被叫做“专家”在后,所以用非谓语动词的主动完成式｝6）“连词+分词”和“介词+动名词”的区别;36. if _________ another hour, I would have finished it better.give的恰当形式填空;37. While _________ homework, the boy likes listening to light music.do的恰当形式填空｛6、37解析：是由if I had been given another hour省略来的,if 在省略前省略后都是连词；是由while the boy are doing homework省略来的,while在省略前后都是连词｝38. After __________ , he found a job as a secretary in a company.graduate的恰当形式填空39. Before_________ a proper person to be the new president, the old president wouldn’t resign.select的恰当形式填空｛38、39解析：38. graduating/graduation after 这时是个介词,所以后面总是用动名词,如果改为after he graduated,那么这个after就变成了连词;39题中的before用法与after 一样,后面加句子时,是连词,后面只加一个动词时,要用动名词形式,并充当介词;所以39填selecting｝非谓语动词专练：1. While watching television, ____________.A. the doorbell rangB. we heard the doorbell ringC. there was someone knocking at the doorD. we heard the doorbell rung 2．China is known greatly in terms of its cultural values over the past few years.A．to change B．having changed C．changing D．to have changed3．I’m afraid we’ll have to work extra hours, for there are still some problems．A．remaining to settle B．remaining to be settledC．remained to talk about D．to remain to discuss4. We tried hard, and eventually, we were able to get Mike ____us his car just for a day.A. lendingB. lendC. to lendD. lent5．The local government is trying all out to find out who is the forest fire．A．to blame for starting B．to blame to startC．to be blamed for starting D．to be blamed to start6．The railway bridge ____ by 2012 will provide a faster route to transport goods．A．to be completed B．is completedCpleted D．being completed7．All the class except Eddie, who is ill,____there．A．were expecting going B．is expected to goC．was expecting going D．are expected to go8. The Haiti earthquake at the beginning of 2010 is believed _______ more than 100,0130 peopleand makes millions homeless, ______ it perhaps the most destroying earthquake in history.A. to kill; makingB. to have killed; makingC. having killed; to makeD. killing; made 9．I only know we will have a League meeting, but I have no idea when _________ it．A．shall we have B．will we have C．to have D．having10. —What are you busy with—The conference______in our city next week, as you know.A. heldB. will be heldC. be holdingD. to be held11. An air France jet is reported in the Atlantic Ocean with 228 peopleaboard,the airline’s worst disaster in its 75-year history．A．to have crashed B．to have been crashedC. having crashed D．having been crashed12. Her husband and she are now at work on a new dictionary ______ next year.A. to publishB. being publishedC. publishedD. to be published13．The 2010 World Expo _____ in Shanghai is expected to attract more than 70 million visitors from home and abroad.A. to holdB. to be heldC. heldD. to be holding14. When the telephone rang, I happened______in the kitchen, but when I came over to get it, it rang off.A. to cookB. to have cookedC. to be cookingD. having cooked15 — I'm wondering why the visitors chose to stay w ith the host family.— _____real local life.A. ExperiencingB. ExperienceC. To experienceD. Having experienced16. –Why do you want the radio so much-- to the news, sir.A. ListeningB. ListensC. ListenedD. To listen17. The government has done everything it can the buried miners.A. to saveB. savingC. saveD. saved18. people have food and water, the government has sent enough supplies to quake-hit Yushu.A. Make sureB. To make sureC. Making sureD. Made sure19．Our teachers often tell us, “the harder you study, the more questions you will thinkof ．”A．asking B．to ask C．being asked D．to be asked20. To greatly raise people’s living conditions, _______.A. all kinds of measures have takenB. they have taken all kinds of measuresC. it is said that they have taken all kinds of measuresD. I think they have taken all kinds of measures21. ______ the growing number of patients, the clinic had to extend its service from five days toseven days a week.A. To accommodateB. AccommodatingC. Being accommodatedD. Accommodated22. Ted and his friends established a website offering useful information about thunderstorms______ similar accidents happening.A. preventB. preventingC. to preventD. prevented23. _______ more about Participant Service of Expo 2010, Shanghai China, call Hotline+86-21-962010.A. To find outB. Finding outC. Find outD. Having found out24. He hurried to the hotel, only _________ his girlfriend had left.A. to tellB. to be toldC. tellingD. told25. _______60 miles a day, you need your mountain bike in a very good state.A. CoverB. CoveredC. To coverD. Having covered26．Our monitor, it clear to us that he didn’t want to waste time playing computer games—left the Internet bar quickly.A．made B．having made C．making D．had made27. _______ by greater demand of vegetables, farmers have built more green houses.A. DrivenB. Being drivenC. To driveD. Having driven 28．_____ the chapter four times, I finally understood the author's theory．A．Reading B．Having read C．To read D．Read29. –Come on, please give me some ideas about the project.–Sorry, with so much work __________ my mind, I almost break down.A. filledB. fillingC. to fillD. being filled30. The manager, ______his factory’s products were poor in quality, decided to give his workersfurther training.A. knowingB. knownC. to knowD. being known31 The 82nd Oscars Academy Awards, ________ the best in film for 2009, was held on Sunday, March 7, 2010.A. to honorB. honoringC. honoredD. having honored 32．The Hotel Al Arab ______ the first and only 7-star hotel in the world was designed in the shape of a sail of 321 meters.A．was considered B．considering C．being considered D．considered 33．In 1888, a major French newspaper announced the death of Nobel in an article ________ “The merchant of death is dead”, which indicated that Nobel was only thought of as one _______ from killing.A. read; profitingB. read; to profitC. reading; profitedD. reading; profiting34. Nowadays, many people about eating habits what they believe.A. take choices; base onB. make choices; based onC. do choices; basing onD. have choices; to base on35. China has a population of billion, ____ it the largest country in the world by population.A. makingB. madeC. makesD. to make36．Three times in a row ,the boxer decided to give up fighting.A．Having defeated B．To have defeatedC．Having been defeated D．To have been defeated37．after a long walk, Henry called and said he couldn’t come for our party．A．Having worn out B．Wearing outC．Worn out D．To be worn out38．According to the report, people in the areas are rebuilding their homes and many roads to the areas have been repaired.A．flooded; lead B．flooding; leadingC．flooding; to lead D．flooded; leading39.－What are on show in the museum－Some pictures ____ by middle-school students.A. takingB. having been taken C . taken D. being takenplan to go abroad for a holiday with all the task _______ahead of time.A. to finishB. finishedC. finishingD. having finished, in some areas the electricity was cut off, ______ residents in 8 counties spend their lunar New Year’s Eve in darkness.A. Making matters worse, makingB. What was worse, to makeC. Worse still, makingD. To make matters worse, to makethe school name on the package, we guessed that it might belong to a student of our school.A. to markB. markingC. markedD. having been marked43. In summer, food will go bad if________in room temperature.A．leaving B．left C．being left D．having left44．Once this city, you’ll find that there is so much surprise waiting for you to discover．A．visiting B．visit C．visited D．to visit45．Subway Line 4, into use in September 2009,has made traveling in Beijing easier．A．having been put B．putting C．being put D．put46. --- Is there any possibility of the film ____ in Paris International Festival--- Not in the least, because the audience generally think little of it.A. trying outB. tried outC. to try outD. being tried out47. With three children school, the couple have to leave their hometown in the countryside and work in big cities throughout the year.A. attendingB. to attendingC. attendedD. being attended48. When I came in, I found Lucy_____ ____ b y the window ______to music.A. seated；listeningB. seated; listenedC. seating ；listenedD. seating ；listening49. You should understand the math problem now, you have had it ________three times.A. explainingB. to explainC. explainedD. explain50．Stella was disappointed to find her new plan and fell into great depression.A．put away B．carried out C．turned down D．left out非谓语专练习题解析1B考查非谓语动词及状语从句的省略;根据watching television可知,主句的主语为“我们”,并且hear后接不带to的不定式作宾补;故选B;2D考查不定式的完成时;根据over the past few years可知动作已经完成;故用不定式的完成时;3B考查非谓语动词的用法;句意：我恐怕不得不加班了,因仍有一些问题有待处理;根据句意问题被解决可知选B;4C考查动词搭配及非谓语动词;此处考查短语get sb to do sth使某人做某事;5A考查非谓语动词的用法;此处to blame用不定式的主动形式表被动；介词for后用动名词; 6A考查非谓语动词的用法;不定式作定语表示将来的动作;7D考查非谓语动词及主谓一致的用法;句意：除了Eddie班里的所有学生都期望去那里;8B;be believed to have done sth．据信已经做了某事；making it perhaps the most destroying earthquake in history．为现在分词短语作结果状语;9．C “wh疑问词+ 不定式”结构作宾语、表语或者同位语,表示将来要做的事情,等于从句：When we shall / will have it;10D考查非谓语动词的用法;根据next week可知选to be held,不定式作定语表示将来的动作;11. A. 此题考查非谓语动词的用法. 据报道,一架装有228名乘客的法国飞机坠落在大西洋,是航空75年的历史上最大的灾难.12D考查不定式作定语;此处to be published作定语,修饰a new dictionary,意为：她和她的丈夫正在编写的明年要出版一本新的词典;13B考查不定式作定语;此处The 2010 World Expo to be held in Shanghai即将在上海举行的世博会;14C考查不定式的进行时;句意：当电话响的时候,我碰巧正在厨房做饭;根据句意选C;15C考查不定式作目的状语;原句可改为：the visitors chose to stay with the host famil y to experience real local life.句意：参观者选择和主人住在一起为了体验真正的当地生活;16D在情景对话中考查不定式作目的状语;原句为：I want the radio so much to listen to the news;此处to listen作目的状语;17A考查不定式作状语;此句can后省略了do,原句结构为：The government has done everything it can do to save the buried miners.18B考查动词不定式作目的状语;句意：为确保人们有食物和饮用水,政府已经向玉树震灾区运输足够的供应物资;19B 考查非谓语动词;此题容易错选asking;因为think of 已经有自己的宾语the more questions,所以选to ask 目的状语,意为“想出更多的问题来问”;20 B分析语境可知,为了提高人民生活水平的逻辑主语应为“他们”,因此应用they做主句主语;不定式做目的状语时,其逻辑主语应为主句主语;21A考查不定式作目的状语;句意：为满足不断增长的病人的要求,诊所不得不把他们的服务由一周五天增加到七天;22C考查不定式作目的状语;句意：泰德和他的朋友们建立一个提供有关雷雨信息的网站以避免类似事故的发生;根据句意选C;23A 考查不定式作状语;此处不定式to find out表目的;24B考查不定式作结果状语;句意：他急匆匆地到达旅馆却意外发现他的女朋友已经离开了;此处不定式作状语表意外的结果;25C 考查不定式作状语;句意：为了每天行60英里,你的山地车需要好的车况;26B考查非谓语动词的用法;本句可改为：Having made it clear to us that he didn’t want to waste time playing computer games,our monitor left the Internet bar quickly;先声明然后再离开,故用现在分词的完成时;考查非谓语动词的用法;此处过去分词短语driven by greater demand of vegetables 作原因状语;28B考查非谓语动词的用法;根据句意：read动作应发生在understand前,故用现在分词的完成时；I 和read之间是主动关系,故用现在分词状语;29B考查非谓语动词及with的复合结构;此处with+名词+现在分词的结构状语; 30A考查非谓语动词的用法;句意：因为懂得他的工厂生产的产品质量差,经理决定让他的员工进修;此句可改为：Knowing his factory’s products were poor in quality, the manager decided to give his workers further training;此处Knowing his factory’s products were poor in quality作原因状语;31B考查非谓语动词的用法;此处The 82nd Oscars Academy Awards与honor之间是主动关系故用现在分词,其可以改写为非限制性定语从句：which honored the best in film for 2009;32D 考查非谓语动词的用法;此处过去分词短语considered the first and only 7-star hotel in the world作定语,修饰the Hotel Al Arab;33D考查非谓语动词的用法;第一空reading作伴随状语；第二空one与profit之间是主动关系,用现在分词作定语;34B考查短语及分词作定语;此处make choices做出选择,eating habits与based on是被动关系,故用过去分词短语作后置定语;35A考查非谓语动词的用法;此处现在分词作结果表示自然的结果;句意：中国有13亿人口,致使它成为世界上人口最多的国家;36C考查非谓语动词的用法;句意：一连三次被打败,那个拳击手决定放弃拳击;根据句意拳击手被打败可知选C;37C考查非谓语动词的用法;此句相当于Because he was worn out after a long walk, Henry called and said he couldn’t come for our party．38D考查非谓语动词的用法;第一空指被洪水袭击的地方,用过去分词表被动；第二空road与lead之间是主动关系,用现在分词作定语;39C 考查非谓语动词的用法;答语是省略句,taken by middle-school students 为过去分词短语作定语,表示一个被动的、已经完成的动作;40B 此题考查with的复合结构;With+名词+过去分词作状语,“所有的任务被完成”,故用过去分词;41C考查独立成分及非谓语动词的用法;句意：更糟糕的是,一些地区断了电,致使八个县的居民在黑暗中过除夕;第一空插入语Worse still；第二空现在分词作结果状语;42C考查过去分词的用法;句意：根据被刻在包裹上的学校名字,我们推测它可能是我们学校的一名学生的;the school name被刻在包裹上,所以用过去分词;考查非谓语动词的用法;句意：在夏天,食物处于室温下会变坏;根据句意食物被放在室温下,故用过去分词;44A考查非谓语动词的用法;句意：一旦你拜访这个城市,你会发现有那么多的惊奇在等着你去发现;You与visit之间为主动关系,所以用现在分词;45D考查非谓语动词的用法;句意：2009年9月被付诸使用的第四条地铁使在北京的旅游更容易;Subway Line 4被使用,所以用过去分词;其相当于非限制性一个定语从句which was put into use in September 2009;46D考查非谓语动词的用法;句意：那部电影有可能在巴黎国际电影节上被试播吗此处the film与try out之间为被动关系;47A考查with的复合结构;此处with+宾语+现在分词作原因状语;因three children与attend 之间为主动关系,故用现在分词;48A考查非谓语动词的用法;第一空过去分词seated作宾补,第二空listening to music作伴随状语;49C考查非谓语动词的用法;此处考查have sth done的结构,此处过去分词explained作宾补;50C考查过去分词作宾补;句意：Stella发现她的新计划被拒绝感到失望;此处考查find sth done结构;。
非谓语动词十大解题原则---教师版
非谓语动词非谓语动词主要包括to do, -ing和-ed三种形式，可是其用法非常广泛，它不仅是高考单项选择题测试的一个重点，而且也是完形填空、阅读理解、短文改错的重要考查内容。
为了能更好地掌握非谓语动词的用法，老师在教学实践中总结出十条实用的解题原则，并且还用相关的题目来解释这些原则。
根据这些原则，相信同学们可以轻松地应对非谓语动词。
规律性非谓语动词试题的解题步骤（有提示词）注意：在语法填空中，首先要判断所给提示词在句中到底是做谓语还是非谓语。
判定用非谓语动词形式的根本依据就是“句中已有谓语”，即，句子不缺谓语的情况下，所给提示词才能考虑用其非谓语动词形式。
一、区分简单句与复合句，判断式谓语动词还是非谓语动词1.That was definitely not an attractive idea, so I politely declined her invitation,_closed____(close) my book and walked away.2.We also have to consider the feeling of the person_receiving______( receive) thegift.3.Although he has been told many times, he still made (make) the samemistake.4.He won the first prize and surprised (surprise) all of us.5.With so many people communicating (communicate) in English every day,it will become more important to have a good knowledge of English.6.Nowadays, almost everyone_ realizes (realize) that smoking is harmful topeople’s health.7.There was (be) no bus, I had to walk home.8.Spend (spend) more time on your study, and you are likely to makebigger progress.9.Spending (spend) more time on your study is necessary for you tomake progress in study.10.He totally devoted himself to science study, which made (make) his familyvery upset.11.What the shop is selling (sell) now attracts a lot of customers.12.The belief is that everyone depends (depend) on themselves, and thechoice they make is of great importance.非谓语动词在高考中的具体应用一、非谓语动词作状语的题型：1. __Seen_______ (see) from the top of the tower, the south foot of the mountain is a sea of trees.2. It rained heavily in the south, __causing_______ (cause) serious flooding in several provinces.3. _To complete________ (complete) the project in time, the staff were working at weekends.解题思路：1. 从句中“is”可判定句中已有谓语了，表明句子不缺谓语，那也就表明所给提示词“see”在句中应该是不作谓语的动词形式，即非谓语动词形式；此时就可以利用三步骤来分析决定用哪一种非谓语形式了：第一、“see”的逻辑主语就是句子的主语“the south foot of the mountain”；第二、“the south foot of the mountain”和“see”之间是“被看的”被动关系；第三、动词的过去分词表示被动关系，因此第1题应填“seen”，作方式状语。
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sitting
原则五：非谓语动词作状语时，其逻辑主语原则上应与 主句主语保持一致.
12. Faced with a bill for $10,000，_____. （2006陕西卷） faced with A. John has taken an extra job B. the boss has given John an extra job C. an extra job has been taken D. an extra job has been given to John
7.He hurried to the station, only ______ that the train had left. (2005广东卷) A. to find B. finding C. found D. to have found 【解析】only to do sth 在此表示出人意料的结果。
(be) faced with…
13. While watching television，_____. （2005全国卷III） A. the door bell rang B. the doorbell rings C. we heard the doorbell ring D. we heard the doorbell rings 【解析】因为 watching 的逻辑主语一定是人，排除选项 A 和 B ；又因在hear后作宾补的是省略了 to 的不定式， 所以选项 D 中的 rings 是错误的。
8. He hurried to the booking office only _____ that all the tickets had been sold out. （2006陕西卷） A. to tell B. to be told C. telling D. told
原则四：凡是含有被动意义时，原则上要用过去分词。 但是，如果所涉及的动作尚未发生，则用不定式的被动 式；如果所涉及的动作正在进行，则用-ing的被动式. 9.The children talked so loudly at dinner table that I had to struggle _____. （2007浙江卷） A. to be heard B. to have heard C. hearing D. being heard
【解析】根据句意，此处指的是“被听见”，故要用被 动式，因此 可排除 B 和 C。另外，由于“设法被听见”为目的状语，动作在 当时尚未发生，故用不定式，即选 A。
10. At the beginning of class, the noise of desks ______ could be heard outside the classroom. A. opened and closed B. to be opened and closed seat vt. C. being opened and closed D. to open and close
I seated myself. 【解析】of 后应接-ing，desks 与open and close 之间存在逻辑 fix one’s eyes =d be heard，所以选-ing 的被动式表正
在被进行的动作。
=I sat down
upon…
2. _____ this cake， you’ll need 2 eggs， 175 g sugar and 175 g flour.（2006广东卷） A. Having made B. Make C. To make D. Making
原则二： 用作伴随状语，原则上要用-ing.
3.As the light turned green， I stood for a moment， not _____， and asked myself what I was going to do. (2007湖南卷) A. moved B. moving C. to move D. Being moved
原则一：用作目的状语，原则上要用不定式
1. When asked why he went there， he said he was sent there _____ for a space flight. （2007江西卷） A. training B. being trained C. to have trained D. to be trained 【解析】由于进行航空飞行训练是他被派往那儿的目的，所以 要用不定式，因此可排除 A 和 B。另外，由于“他”与“训练” 为被动关系，故选 D。 to catch up the first bus. 如：She got up very early to catch up the first bus.
【解析】由于与句子主语之间为主动关系，且表示当 时持续了一会 listen to … do/doing … 儿，故用-ing。句意为：当信号灯变绿时，我站在那儿一会儿没动， 心想自己该怎么办。 4. He sat _____ to her ______ the stairs. A. to listen; to climb B. listening; to climb C. listening; climb D. listening; to climbing 【解析】listen是伴随sat而同时由主语he发出的，所以用-ing 作伴随状语；listen to 后跟不带to的不定式/-ing作宾补。
－ing形式作伴随状语与 to do作目的状语的区别： 作伴随状语的－ing形式与谓语动词的动作同时发生且 前面常常带一逗号;而作目的状语的不定式的动作要比 谓语动词的动作后发生前面不能用逗号。
用括号里的词的适当形式填空
1. Write to the editor, ________ hoping that the editor would be able to help her．（ hope ） 2.She reached the top of the hill and stopped there _________ on a big rock．( rest ) to rest
原则六：强调动作发生在主句谓语动作之前时，原则上要用完成式 （根据情况可用不定式的完成式或—ing的完成式） 14._____ from other continents for millions of years， Australia has many plants and animals not found in any other countries in the world. （2005湖北卷） A. Being separated B. Having separated C.Having been separated D. to be separated 【解析】因为 Australia 与 separate 是被动关系，且 separate 发生在谓语动词 has 之前，所以用-ing的完成被动式作原因状语。 15. The manager，_____ it clear to us that he didn’t agree with us， left left the meeting room. （2005江西卷） A. who has made B. having made C. made D. making 【解析】因为 The manager 与 make 是主动关系，且 make 发生在谓语 left 之前，所以用-ing的完成式作状语， having made ... 相当于 who had made... 的意思。
1. to do 2.-ing 3.done
找出下列句子中的非谓语动词（含短语）
1. Tom returned from the manager’s office, telling me that the boss wanted to see me at once. 2. The news meeting, to be held in that hall, has already been crowded with reporters. 3. Having reached the very peak of the Everest, the climbers cheered against the fierce north wind. 4. He keeps buying expensive maps. He must have more than 200 by now. 5. I heard the girl singing in the classroom. 6. The man talking with my father is Mr. Wang. 7. As soon as she entered the room, the girl caught sight of the flowers bought by her mother. 8. To live is to struggle. (生活就是斗争。)
11. When she came in, she was surprised to find a stranger _______ at the back of the classroom with his eyes eyes_____upon her. A. seating; fixing B. to seat; fixing C.having seated; fixed D. seated; fixed
3.The secretary worked late into night , preparing ______ a long speech. ( prepare ) To keep 4. ___________ warm, we shut all the windows. ( keep )
原则三：用作结果状语时，可用-ing或不定式，其原则区别是， 一般用-ing，表示一定逻辑的结果，即结果在意料之中。 不定式用作结果状语表示非逻辑的结果，即结果在意料之外。 5. The glass doors have taken the place of the wooden ones at the entrance，_____ in the natural light during the day. （2007天津卷） A. to let B. letting C. let D. having let 【解析] 此处用-ing 表示自然而然的结果。 如：It rained heavily， causing severe flooding in that place. 大雨滂沱，造成了那个地方洪水泛滥。 6. Oil prices have risen by 32 percent since the start of the year，_____ a record US$ 57. 65 a barrel on April 4. （2005山东卷） A. have reached B. reaching C. to reach D. to be reaching