doing做定语和宾语补足语和表语
动词的-ing形式作表语,定语,宾语补足语
1）位于感官动词后(see，hear，feel，smell，watch，find，notice等)。
E.g.I felt somebody patting me on the shoulder.我感到有人拍我的肩膀。
动词的-ing形式作表语，定语，宾语补足语
一、导入
分析例子导入：（2014四川）The managerwas satisfied to see many new products ______ after great effort.
A. having developedB. to develop C. developedD. develop
时态语态
主动
被动
一般时
doing
being done
完成时
having done
having been done
二、(1)动词-ing分为动名词和现在分词两类。
(2)动名词兼有动词和名词的特征，可在句中充当主语、宾语、表语和定语。
(3)现在分词兼有动词、形容词和副词的特征，可在句中充当定语、表语、补语和状语。
2.动词-ing兼有动词、形容词和副词的特征时，可以作前置定语(具有动词、形容词的特征)，也可
以作后置定语(兼有动词、形容词和副词的特征)，表示正在进行的动作或某种状态，单个动词-ing作定语时，常放在所修饰的名词之前；动词-ing短语作定语时，常放在所修饰的名词之后，相当于一个定语从句。
E.g.The girl standing there (=The girl who is standing there) is my classmate.
英语动词-ing作表语、定语、宾语补足语
英语动词-ing作表语、定语、宾语补足语笔记整理一、非谓语动词分类Doing作主语/宾语—→动名词Doing 作表/定/补语—→现在分词Done 作表/定/补语—→过去分词To do 作主语/宾语—→不定式二、doing 作表语动名词作表语（判断标准：主语和表语可以换位）e.g. Reading is learning. 阅读是一种学习。
现在分词作表语（判断标准：主语与表语不可换位，且现在分词是形容词性的，表示主语的性质与特征）e.g. This food smells inviting. 这种食物香味怡人。
三、doing 作定语动名词作定语（仅作前置定语，用于表示用途）e.g. a reading room 阅览室a sleeping car 一辆停下的车现在分词作定语（单个现在分词作前置定语，现在分词短语作后置定语，强调表示动作正在进行）e.g. a flying bird 一只正在飞的小鸟The man speaking to the teacher is my father. 那个正在和老师说话的男人就是我父亲。
a sleeping boy. 一个正在睡觉的男孩。
四、doing 作宾语补足语（仅有现在分词）感官动词后（如：see/hear/smell/feel/find/watch/notice等）e.g. I heard someone knocking at the door.使役动词后（如：have/make/let/get/keep等）e.g. She made us waiting here for an hour. 她让我们白白等了一个小时。
注意：使役动词后接现在分词作为宾语补足语强调让某人一直在做，后接不定式作为宾语补足语强调让某人做某事。
With 的复合结构中e.g. With time going by. 随着时间的流逝。
PartⅡGrammar——动词ing形式作表语定语和宾语补足语
PartⅡGrammar——动词ing形式作表语定语和宾语补⾜语Part ⅡGrammar——动词-ing形式作表语、定语和宾语补⾜语[思维导图]⼀、动词-ing形式作表语作表语的动词-ing形式包括现在分词和动名词。
1．现在分词作表语，往往具有形容词的性质，说明主语的性质、特征等。
The result of the game was disappointing.⽐赛结果令⼈失望。
His life story sounds very moving.他的⼈⽣故事听起来很感⼈。
[名师点津]作表语的现在分词，许多是由能够表⽰⼈们某种感情或情绪的动词变化⽽来的。
常见的有：moving，interesting，encouraging，exciting，inspiring，boring，surprising，puzzling，amusing，astonishing...这类分词有“令⼈……的”的含义，常修饰物。
2．动名词作表语多表⽰抽象性的或习惯性的动作，⼀般说明主语的内容。
What I am tired of is waiting here alone.我厌烦独⾃在这⾥等。
My hobby is collecting stamps.我的爱好就是集邮。
⼆、动词-ing形式作定语动名词和现在分词都可以作定语，但有所区别。
1．动名词作定语表⽰被修饰词的某种性能或⽤途，相当于for引导的介词短语。
No one is allowed to speak aloud in the reading room.阅览室⾥不准⼤声说话。
2．现在分词作定语时，它和被修饰词之间有逻辑上的主动关系，表⽰所修饰词进⾏的动作，相当于⼀个定语从句。
The boy playing football on the playground is my younger brother.＝The boy that/who is playing football on the playground is my younger brother.在操场上踢⾜球的那个男孩是我的弟弟。
doing做定语和宾语补足语和表语
The apple tree, swaying gently in the breeze, had a good crop of fruit. = The apple tree, which was swaying gently in the breeze, had a good crop of fruit.
A • 1. The ____ boy was last seen___near the East Lake.(2000Shanghai) • A. missing, playing B. missing, play • C. missing, played D. missed, to play • 2. Do you know the boy____ D under the big tree. • A. lay B. lain C. laying D. lying • 3. Seeing the sun___ above the surface of the sea, C we let out a shout of joy. • A. to rise B. to raise C. rising D. raising C • 4. _____ the last bus means walking home. • A. Miss B. missed C. Missing D. If missing
18.star in
• • • • • • star in 在……主演；担任主角 She is to star in a new film. 她将主演一部新影片。 [重点用法] star短语： star sb (in sth.) 使某人担任主角；由某人主演 1). Ben Kingsley ________ ________ the film “Gandhi”. • 2). The director wanted to star Michael Caine ________ (介词) his new film. • Keys: 1). starred in 2). in
动词的ing形式作表语
动词的ing形式作表语，定语，宾补和状语一、动词-ing形式作表语1. 表示主语的内容,可以转换到句首作主语Her job is keeping the lecture hall as clean as possible. (= keeping the lecture hall as clean as possible is her job)她的工作是尽量使报告厅保持干净。
2. 表示主语具有的特征、性质和状态(动词ing 相当一个形容词）The problem is quite puzzling.这个问题很令困惑。
3.常用来作表语的现在分词有astonishing, amusing, confusing, disappointing, boring, encouraging, inspiring, moving, tiring, interesting, surprising等。
全析提示：动词-ing形式作表语时，其逻辑主语往往是句子中的主语，但用作表语的-ing形式也可带有自己的逻辑主语。
What worries me most is her staying too late every night. (staying too late every night的逻辑主语是her)二、动词-ing形式作定语1 单个的动词-ing形式可以作前置定语，一般具有两种含义。
①说明被修饰名词的用途和性能。
a reading room = a room which is used for reading 阅览室running shoes =shoes for running 跑鞋a working method =a method for working 工作方法②表示所修饰的人或物的动作或状态，在意思上接近一个定语从句，可以表示正在进行的动作，也可表示经常性动作或当时的状态。
developing countries = countries that are developing发展中国家an ordinary-looking house = a house that looks ordinary看起来很普通的房子a puzzling problem = a problem that puzzles somebody困扰人的问题2 作定语的动词-ing形式如是一个短语，则应放在被修饰词的后面,做后置定语，相当于一个定语从句。
18.动词-ing形式作表语、定语和宾语补足语
动词-ing形式作表语、定语和宾语补足语吴国斌一、动词-ing形式作表语1.表示抽象的一般性的行为，用来说明主语的内容，与主语通常是同一概念，表语和主语常可互换位置。
My job is teaching you English.=Teaching you English is my job.我的工作是教你们英语。
My favorite sport is swimming.=Swimming is my favorite sport.我最喜欢的运动是游泳。
2.表示主语的某种性质和特征，这时通常可以看作形容词。
The story she told us was very interesting.她给我们讲的这个故事很有趣。
The news is quite shocking.这个消息很令人震惊。
二、动词-ing形式作定语1.表示被修饰名词的用途。
We are not allowed to speak aloud in the reading room.阅览室里不准我们大声说话。
If you really want to smoke, you may go to the smoking room.如果你确实想吸烟，可以去吸烟室。
2.表示所修饰的名词的动作或状态，相当于一个定语从句。
当分词单独作定语时，通常放在所修饰的名词前；如果是分词短语作定语，则放在该名词后。
Make less noise. There’s a sleeping child.少弄出点噪音，有个孩子在睡觉。
The men working here are all from the rural areas.在这里工作的那些人都来自农村。
三、动词-ing形式作宾语补足语动词-ing形式作宾语补足语时，与宾语之间是主谓关系，即宾语是其逻辑上的主语。
它主要用于以下两类动词后作宾语补足语。
1.感官动词，如see，hear，feel，smell，watch，find，listen to，look at，notice，observe 等。
动词ing做宾补-表语-定语-状语及综合练习
动词ing做宾补-表语-定语-状语及综合练习2高中英语语法动词ing形式做宾补表语定语状语用法详解及练习第一部分：动词的-ing形式作宾语补足语1．动词的-ing形式可以在see, hear, notice, watch, feel, smell, look at, listen to, observe, find 等表示感官和心理状态的动词后面作宾语补足语，和一个名词或代词一起构成复合宾语。
We heard the children shouting upstairs. 我们听见孩子们在楼上叫喊。
I noticed a man running out of the bank when I got off the car. 我下车的时候注意到一个男人从银行里跑出来。
I felt my heart beating violently. 我觉得我的心在猛烈地跳动。
2．动词的-ing形式和不定式作宾语补语的区别在see, hear, feel, watch, notice等感官动词后，既可用动词的-ing形式构成复合宾语，也可用不定式构成复合宾语，两者之间有一定的区别。
用动词的-ing形式时，表示动作正在进行；用不定式时，表示动作发生了，即动作的全过程结束了。
He saw a girl getting on the car. 他看见一个女孩在上汽车。
(She was getting on the car.)He saw a girl get on the car and drive off. 他看见一个女孩上车开走了。
(She got on the car and drove off.)Do you hear someone knocking at the door 你听见有人在敲门吗？(Someone is knocking at the door.)Do you hear someone knock at the door 你听见有人敲门了吗？(Someone knocked at the door just now.)提示：如果宾语补足语是一系列的动作，通常只能用不定式来表示，不用动词的-ing形式。
doing做定语和宾语补足语和表语
set, keep, get, catch, leave等。如：
I won’t have you doing that.
This set me thinking.
I’m sorry to have kept you waiting.
I can’t get the clock going again.
6. I can hardly imagine Peter _______
across the Atlantic Ocean in five days.
A. sail B. to sail
C. sailing
D. to have sailed
7. There are lots of places of interest
Grammar
Revision
-ing形式作主语和宾语的用法 Translate the following sentences into Chinese. 1. Talking to him is talking to a wall.
对他说话等于对牛弹琴。
2. Smoking may cause cancer.
在这条河里游泳的任何一个人都会被罚款。
3. -ing形式短语也可以用作非限制定语，
相当于一个非限制性定语从句，这时，它 与句子其他部分用逗号分开。如：
His brother, working as a teacher, lives in Beijing. = His brother, who is working as a teacher, lives in Beijing.
We heard the door slam.(一次动作) We heard the door slamming.(反复动作)
doing做定语和宾语补足语和表语.ppt
I won’t have you doing that. This set me thinking. I’m sorry to have kept you waiting. I can’t get the clock going again. You won’t catch me doing that again.
Grammar
Revision
-ing形式作主语和宾语的用法 Translate the following sentences into Chinese. 1. Talking to him is talking to a wall.
对他说话等于对牛弹琴。
2. Smoking may cause cancer.
当我们回到学校时, 发现一个陌生人站 在大门口。
We found the snake eating the eggs.
我们发现蛇正在吃鸡蛋。
I found a bag lying on the ground.
我发现地板上放着一个包。
The boss kept the workers working the whole night.
Can you smell anything burning? As he spoke, he observed everybody looking at him curiously. Listen to the birds singing. I didn’t notice him waiting. 2) 表示指使意义的动词，常见的有have, set, keep, get, catch, leave等。如：
他们住在一间面朝街的房子。
The man standing there is Peter’s father. = The man who is standing there is Peter’s father.
动词ing作表语,定语,宾补语法讲解
V-ing形式作表语、定语和宾语补足语一V-ing形式作表语1. 动名词作表语表示抽象的、经常性、一般的行为，可与主语互换位置。
现在分词作表语表示主语的特征、性质和状态。
One of his bad habits is smoking while having dinner.Smoking while having dinner is one of his bad habit．The film we saw last night is quite moving. （现在分词）我们昨晚看的电影十分动人。
注：不定式(to do)亦可作表语，但不定式侧重某次具体的动作。
Her job is ___nursing______ (nurse) patients in the hospital; but this weekend her task is ___to look after___________ (look after) her granny.2.使人产生某种情绪或感觉的使动词，如disappoint, amuse, astonish, interest, frighten, puzzle, surprise, move, excite, bore, confuse等，V-ing表示“令人…的”, 而V-ed表示“(人)感到…的”。
I don’t think her joke is amusing at all.I am not amused at her joke at all.The film we saw last night was very moving.We were moved at the film we saw lat night.二V-ing形式作定语动名词作定语用来说明该名词的用途，不表示名词本身的动作；现在分词作定语与所修饰的名词具有逻辑上的主谓关系，即现在分词相当于所修饰名词的谓语。
非谓语动词doing的 用法
非谓语动词——doing（现在分词，动名词）（1）功能：在句子能做主语、宾语、表语、定语、补语和状语, 但不能单独做谓语.一：作主语Playing basket ball is very interesting .Surfing the internet could help people feel less lonely.His coming gave us great encouragement.Going from junior high school to senior high school is a really big challenge.还可以用it作为形式主语。
It is no good playing games on line.It is no use saying without action.It was great fun walking along the river.It is a waste of time playing the online game.It is worthwhile attending the social activity.二作宾语：He enjoys playing the guitar.（concider,finish,imagine,keep,practise,permit,prevent,risk,admit,avoid,,appreciate,excuse,delay,mind, miss,escape,dislike，abandon,oppose, tolerate/bear/stand）Her sister is good at making friends.(look forward to,be used to,devote to ,get down to,stick to, object to ,give up,go on, insist on, have difficulty/trouble in,be busy with, be fond of ,feel like,be worth)三作定语：The sleeping child is only five monhs old.There are some students reading books in the reading room.He received a letter asking for advice.四作宾语补足语：（V+宾+doing）We saw the sun rising from the east when we stood on the hill.I didn’t notice him sleeping in bed.The teacher kept the student standing out of the classroom all the morning.可以带有这种复合宾语的动词有感官动词see, watch, hear, listen to, notice , observe, feel, find,catch 和使役动词have, keep, get, leave等。
B4U3语法doing作表语、定语和宾补
U2语法动词-ing的用法——作表语、定语和宾语补足语doing分为动名词和现在分词两类。
动名词相当于名词的作用，可在句中充当主语、宾语、表语和定语；现在分词相当于形容词或副词的作用，可在句中充当表语、定语、补语和状语。
示的动作发生在谓语动词所表示的动作之前。
一，doing作表语1.动名词和现在分词作表语What I am tired of is waiting here alone.My job is teaching you English.The result of the accident is shocking.The argument is very convincing.总结：动名词作表语体现的是名词的特性，用于对主语的内容进行解释说明，主语和表语是平等的并列关系，可以互换位置而意思保持不变。
现在分词作表语，起形容词的作用，表示句子的主语所具备的性质或特征，主语和表语不可换位置，意思为“令人感觉….的”2. 动名词作表语与动词不定式作表语的区别动名词作表语表示是一般性的动作；动词不定式作表语表示一次具体的动作或将要发生的事情。
His hobby is painting.Today what he wants to do is to paint.His wish is to become an artist.二，doing作定语1. 动名词和现在分词作定语No one is allowed to speak aloud in the reading room.There is a swimming pool in our school.The father is busy making a walking stick for his son whose leg is broken.There is a sleeping baby.The man speaking to the teacher is our monitor’s father.总结：动名词作定语表示名词的用途或性能，且只能作前置定语。
动词-ing形式做句子的各种成份(一)
动词-ing形式做句子的各种成份（一）一、动词-ing形式做主语1、现在分词做主语表示事物化、抽象化的概念。
强调：现在分词做主语时谓语一律用单数。
Eg: Talking is an art.Eg: Tearning English well is not easy.2、it做形式主语的情况It’s no good/use doing sth.做``````是没有用的It’s useful/useless doing 做``````是有/没有用的There is no `````````doing sth.Eg: It is no use crying after knowing the result.Eg: It is no good playing games.二、动词-ing形式做表语动词-ing形式做表语，一般表示比较抽象的习惯性动作。
1、句子主语常是表示无生命的事物的名词/抽象的习惯性动作。
（主语和表语的位置可以互换）Eg: My hobby is playing games.--------Playing games is my hobby.Eg: One of his bad habits is speaking loudly. -----------Speaking loudly is one of his bad habits.Eg: Your task is studying hard.-------------Studying hard is your task.与现在进行时的区别：He is flying.(现在进行时，就不能转换成----------Flying is he)2、表示主语的某种性质或状态，描述主语的特征，相当于形容词，故不能与主语互换。
系动词：be动词、感官动词、get/become等。
Eg: This film is interesting.Eg: Today’s weather is nice.Eg: The song sounds good.(主语一般为物：moving\ surprising\promising有希望的)三、动词-ing形式做宾语1、作动词的宾语某些动词后只能用动词-ing形式作宾语，不能用不定式。
非谓语动词用法精讲doing
regret to do★对即将要做的事表示遗憾
I regret to say I must leave tomorrow.
regret doing★对所做的事感到后悔
I regret not having told her earlier.
remember to do ★指将来的事，表示“不要忘记”
2. Practise _____( put ) your hand to the ground. 3. I can’t help ______( have ) the trip to Britain. 4. Don’t tell me you always escape _____( fine)
because you have a fast sports car.
outside for a whole night. 14.They built the banks to prevent the area from
______(flood).
② 既可用动词-ing形式作宾，也可用不定式作宾
这类动词虽然既能用-ing形式作宾语，也能用不定式 作宾语，但用法并不相同，主要有以下几种情况：
B 动词-ing形式的完成式
动词-ing形式的完成式表示一个已完成的动作，这个动 作发生或完成在谓语动词表示的动作之前。
Having lived in this city for three years, she knows it very well.
点津坊
在现代英语中，作宾语的动词-ing形式的完成式可用一 般式来代替。
形式
✓
✓
✓✓ ✓
✓
• 3．语态：必须搞清逻辑主语 与非谓语动词的关系，从而 来确定非谓语动词态的语态。
英语中-ing形式作表语、定语和宾语补足语的用法
英语中-ing形式作表语、定语和宾语补足语的用法1. 动词的ing形式包括动名词和现在分词，二者都可作表语。
如：Our job is playing all kinds of music . ( 动名词)The music they are playing sounds so exciting . ( 现在分词)注：一般来讲，动名词( 短语) 作表语，主表可互换，即：Playing all kinds of music is our job.现在分词作表语，表明主语的性质和特征，主表不可互换。
2. - ing形式做定语可以表示1 ) 所修饰名词的用途a waiting room ( = a room for waiting ) / a walking stick ( = a stick for walking )2 ) 所修饰名词正在进行的动作，可以换成定语从句形式a waiting man ( = a man who is waiting ) / a sleeping child ( = a child who is sleeping )3. 在see , hear , feel , watch , notice等感观动词后可以用- ing形式做宾语补足语。
这时- ing形式和句子的宾语之间存在着逻辑上的主谓关系，并且- ing形式表示宾语正在进行的动作。
如：He saw a girl getting on the tractor. ( = He saw a girl and the girl was getting on the tractor . )Do you hear someone knocking at the door?1).做宾语补足语We watched three boys sharing their food with each other.2).做主语补足语She was heard singing in the next room.3).做表语和定语My job is teaching English. /a walking stick/a waiting room当-ing分词做定语的时候，常常放在被修饰名词的后面The girl singing now is a classmate of mine.4).做伴随、原因、时间、结果状语He sat at the desk reading a magazine.Being very young, he can't dress himself.Having finished all the work, they went to the shore. Her parents died, leaving her a big house.。
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A. smiling
B. smiled
C. smile 幻灯片 26
D. to smile
4. A phone call sent him _______ to the hospital.
A. hurry
B. hurrying
C. to hurry
D. hurried
5. Do you know the boy _______ under the big tree?
We passed by the classmates and saw the teacher making the experiment.
我们走过教室，看见老师在做实验。 （只在走过教室的刹那间，看见老师正在做实验） ① 前者表示动作正在进行，而后者表示（或强调）动作从开始到结束的全过程。如: 幻灯片 18 We sat an hour and watched the teacher make the experiment.
astonish, depress， play, do, ride, amuse, bark, welcome 1. I can’t imagine Billy ______ a motorbike. riding 幻灯片 22 2. Did you hear the dog downstairs _______ for most of the night?barking 3. Frank is very good at telling funny jokes. He can be very ________. amusing 4. You can’t stop me _____ what I want. doing 5. He gave me a _________ hug when he met me at the airport. welcoming 幻灯片 23
我们坐了一个小时，看老师做实验。 （一个小时之内一直在看老师作实验） ② 如果宾语补足语是短暂性动词，动词不定式短语表示一次动作， 而-ing 形式则表示反复动作。如： We heard the door slam. (一次动作) We heard the door slamming. (反复动作) 幻灯片 19 三、-ing 形式作表语
站在那儿的那个人是彼得的父亲。
幻灯片 9
Anybody swimming in this river will be fined.
= Anybody who is swimming in this river will be fined.
在这条河里游泳的任何一个人都会被罚款。
幻灯片 10
3. -ing 形式短语也可以用作非限制定语，相当于一个非限制性定语从句，这时，它与句子其他部分
他承认钱是他拿的。
7. I couldn’t help laughing.
我禁不住笑了起来。
8. Your coat needs brushing.
你的大衣需要刷一下。
幻灯片 5
-ing 形式作定语, 宾语补足语和表语的用法
一、-ing 形式作定语
1. 单个动词的-ing 形式作定语位于被修饰名词的前面，既可以表示被修饰者的作用或功能，也可以
幻灯片 8
They lived in a room facing the street.
= They lived in a room that faces the street.
他们住在一间面朝街的房子。
The man standing there is Peter’s father.
= The man who is standing there is Peter’s father.
= The apple tree, which was swaying gently in the breeze, had a good crop of fruit.
那棵苹果树硕果累累，在微风中轻轻摇曳。
幻灯片 12
二、-ing 形式作宾语补足语
1. 动词-ing 形式作宾语补足语常放在宾语后面，表示一个正在进行的主动性的动作，强调一个过程
表示被修饰者的动作ials for building 建筑材料
幻灯片 6
drinking water = water for drinking 饮用水
a walking stick = a stick for walking 手杖
a reading room = a room for reading 阅览室
street. playing 幻灯片 24
从 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
1. Don’t leave the water _______ while you brush your teeth.
A. run
B. running
C. being run 幻灯片 25
D. to run
6. Jim has really learnt very fast. She has made __________ progress.astonishing 7. It’s been raining all day. This weather is __________.depressing
8. When I came out of the theatre, I noticed a group of children _______ musical instruments across the
2) 表示指使意义的动词，常见的有 have, set, keep, get, catch, leave 等。如： 幻灯片 16 I won’t have you doing that. This set me thinking. I’m sorry to have kept you waiting. I can’t get the clock going again. You won’t catch me doing that again. 你看吧，我决不会做那种事了。 幻灯片 17 3. see, hear, feel, watch 等感官动词之后用-ing 形式和动词不定式作宾语补足语的区别：
-ing 形式作表语时放在系动词之后，用来泛指某种动作或行为，以说明主语的身份、性质或情 况。如：
Her hobby is painting. 她的业余爱好是画画。 My job is looking after the children. 我的工作就是照顾这些孩子。 幻灯片 20 His concern for his mother is most touching. 他对母亲的关爱很感人。 She was very pleasing in her appearance. 幻灯片 21 Choose the suitable words from the box below and fill in the blanks in the correct form.
幻灯片 1 Grammar 幻灯片 2
-ing 形式作主语和宾语的用法
Revision
Translate the following sentences into Chinese.
1. Talking to him is talking to a wall.
对他说话等于对牛弹琴。
2. Smoking may cause cancer. 吸烟会致癌。
用逗号分开。如：
His brother, working as a teacher, lives in Beijing.
= His brother, who is working as a teacher, lives in Beijing.
他那个当教师的哥哥住在北京。
幻灯片 11
The apple tree, swaying gently in the breeze, had a good crop of fruit.
幻灯片 14 2. 能用-ing 形式作宾语补足语的几类动词: 1) 表示感觉和心理状态的动词，常见的有 see, hear, feel, smell, find, notice, observe, look
at, listen to 等。如： We saw a light burning in the window. I felt somebody patting me on the shoulder.
a writing desk = a desk for writing 写字台
幻灯片 7
tiring music
= music that is tiring 烦人的音乐
a surprising result = a result that is surprising
一个惊人的结果
2. -ing 形式短语作定语时, 放在所修饰的名词之后, 并且在意思上相当于一个定语从句。如：
幻灯片 3
3. Walking is my sole exercise.
散步是我唯一的运动。
4. Talking mends no holes.
（谚）空谈无济于事。
5. I suggest bringing the meeting to an end.
我建议结束会议。
幻灯片 4
6. He admitted taking the money.
7. There are lots of places of interest _______ in our city.
A. needs repairing
B. needing repaired
C. needed repairing
D. needing to be repaired
幻灯片 29
8. The drunken husband knocked against the table and sent the bowls _______ in all directions