大学英语不规则动词变化表

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2023年大学英语三级语法知识总结汇总

三级语法考点归纳一．虚拟语气1.i.句中虚拟形式if 引导的非真实条件句（纯粹假设或发生的也许性不大）:条件从句主句与现在相反did (be were) would/ should/ might/ could do与将来相反did (be were) would/ should/ might/ could do与过去相反had done would/ should/ might/ could have done例句If we left (leave) now, we should arrive in time.If they hadn’t gone on vacation, their house wouldn’t have been broken (break) into.2.原形虚拟:a.表命令、决定、规定、建议等词语之后的that-分句中，用动词原形。

suggest, demand, advise, propose, order, arrange, insist, command, require, request, desire …… that ＋(should) do例如He suggested that we should leave early.My suggestion is that we should tell him.b.I.i.(was.形容词/名词tha.….(should.do/例如It is absolutely essential that all the facts be examined first.3.一些句型中的虚拟形式:1.It’.(high.about.th.first.etc..tim.(that.…动词过去时.例.It’.tim.w.left..例.I.i.tim.w.wen.t.bed.2 would rather/sooner 宁愿as if/ though 仿佛would rather/sooner 谓语用过去时与现在或者将来相反as if/ though 谓语用过去完毕时与过去相反4．练习1..______.tr.i.agai.i.I_______you.A.will.a......B.should.a....C.would.wer...D.would.ha.been2.I.i.______.no.fo.th.water.th.plant._______live.A.were.woul.no..B.is.coul.no...C.were.coul...D.did.coul.not3.I.. ______.tha.chanc.t.sho.m.ability.._______th.presiden.o.thi.school.A.hav.no.had.coul.no.become ..B.ha.no.had.woul.no.hav.becom.C.di.no.have.coul.no.become ..D.doesn’.have.wil.no.become4.H.______.b.tha.burgla.i.yo.______.t.sav.him.A.migh.hav.bee.killed.hadn’.com...B.wil.b.killed.didn’.comeC.ma.b.killed.did’.com.......D.coul.b.killed.haven’.come5.I.i._______fo.you.help.._______tha.har.tim.wit.s.littl.money.A.wer.not.woul.no.spen........B.i.not.ca.no.spendC.ha.no.been.woul.no.hav.spen....D.hav.no.been.wil.no.spend6.Wher.______.yo.g.i.wa._______?A.will.break.ou............B.do.wil.brea.outC.would.wer.t.brea.ou........D.will.i.t.brea.out7.Sh.wishe.sh.______.tha.humiliatin.thing.A.doesn’.d....B.didn’.d.....C.haven’.don..D.hadn’.done8.Th.chairma.suggeste.tha.th.meetin.______.pu.off.A.ca.b.....B.b......C.i.......D.wil.be9.I.i.vita.tha.h.______.immediately.A.shoul.g...B.mus.g....C.goe......D.wen.10.I.i.tim.w._______d.ou.homework.A.begi.t....B.ca.begi.t..C.bega.t....D.wil.begi.to答案：1.选C。

大学英语四级不规则动词

一、AAA型（原形、过去式和过去分词同形）：
cost cost cost
cut cut cut
let let let
put put put
read read read
二、ABB型（过去式与过去分词同形）：
bring brought brought
see saw seen
show showed shown
sing sang sung
speak spoke spoken
swim swan swum
take took taken
throw threw thrown
wake woke woken
wear wore worn
定义动词由原形转变为过去式和过去分词时不按词尾加“-ed”之变化规则者叫做不规则动词（Irregular Verbs）。
现代英语新生成的动词都归入“-ed”的规则变化，例如：
park→parked （停车——1864）
fax→faxed （以传真传送——1979）
e-mail→e-mailed （以电脑网络传送——1982）
mean meant meant 意思
hear heard heard 听见
（2）把动词原形的最后一个辅音字母“d”改为“t” 构成过去式或过去分词。
build built built 建筑
lend lent lent 借给
lose lost lost 失去
shine shone/shined shoned 告诉
sell sold sold 卖
(12)
sit sat sat 坐
have had had 有

16种英语时态总结

16种英语时态总结英语共有⼗六种时态，其表现形式如下(以study为例)⽤动词原形, 第三⼈称单数变化规则是: ⼀般情况加“-s”, 以辅⾳加“y”结尾的词把“y”-“i”, 再加“-es”(但元⾳加“y”结尾的则直接加“-s”) , 以“o, s, x, ch, sh”结尾的词加“-es”。

be 动词的变化形式是is , am, are。

A) 经常性、习惯性或反复发⽣的动作(常同often , sometimes, usually, always, twice a month, every week , on Sundays, occasionally, normally , generally, weekly, now and then ,every so often , as a rule, rarely 等状语连⽤)。

例：He always helps others. （他总是帮助别⼈。

）Birds f ly . 鸟会飞。

I never sit up late into the night . 我从不迟睡。

B)客观事实和普遍真理，也在格⾔中⽤。

注意，如果前后⽂不是⼀般现在时，则⽆法保持主句、从句时态⼀致。

例：The ear th moves round the sun . 地球绕太阳转。

No man but errs. ⼈⾮圣贤, 孰能⽆过。

C)表⽰情况、特征、能⼒或现在发⽣的动作、状态和特征。

例：She loves music . 她喜欢⾳乐。

She lives in a villa at the foot of the hill . 她住在⼭脚下的⼀座别墅⾥。

He doesn’t speak French . 他不会讲法语。

Contradictions exist everywhere . ⽭盾处处存在。

D) 表⽰⼀个按规定、计划或安排要发⽣的动作，(仅限于某些表⽰“来、去、动、停、开始、结束、继续”等的动词) 可以与表⽰未来时间的状语搭配使⽤。

英语动词变形规则总结(3篇)

英语动词变形规则总结(3篇)英语动词变形规则总结第1篇名词复数的规则变化是:①一般在词尾加“s”如:desk+s [-ks] bag+s [-gz] bed+s[-dz] hat+s [-ts]②以字母 s、x、sh、ch结尾的名词变复数，通常在词尾加“es”，如：bus+es [-iz] box+es [-iz] brush+es [-iz] watch + es [-iz]③以字母o结尾的名词变复数, 一般在词尾加“s”,也有加es的,如:photo+s [-z] tomato+es [-z]④以f或fe结尾的名词一般变f或fe为v再加es,例如:knife─knives[-vz] leaf─leaves [-vz]⑤以'辅音字母+y'结尾的名词,变复数时改y为i,再加es, 如: baby ─ babiesfactory─factories1、单复数同形Chinese-chinese Japanese-japanese sheep -sheep deer -deer2、 this 这个these这些(复数) that那个 those那些(复数) I 我 we我们(复数) he他 she 她 it它 they他、它、她们(复数) am ，is是 are(复数)3、其他常见不规则名词复数：man-men, woman-women, policeman-policemen, policewoman-policewomen, mouse-micechild-children, foot-feet, tooth-teeth, fish-fish, people-people, Chinese-Chinese, Japanese-Japanese例：There are ____ in the field. They're eating grass.A. a horseB. much horsesC. many horseD. many horses答案：D例：Look at the _____. You can see ____ and ______.A. photos; potatoes, tomatoes,radioesB. photoes; potatoes, tomatoes, radiosC. photos; potatoes, tomatoes, radiosD. photoes; potatos, tomatos, radioes答案：C名词复数的不规则变化就需要我们记忆了child ─children fish─fish foot─feetman ─ men woman ─ women tooth ─ teethsheep ─ sheep注意：某些名词只有复数形式,例如:people (人们) clothes (衣服) trousers (裤子) police (警察) glasses (眼镜)动词的单数第三人称变化规则英语动词变形规则总结第2篇来自：当以读书通世事 > 《067-英语》发表怎么区分第三人称单数加S和复数加S怎么区分第三人称单数加S和复数加S.前者是加在谓语动词上，是因为“第三人称单数”，后者是加在名词上，表示名词假白吧标元钱在日集某格...动词加s的小总结～加s/es构成的名词复数的读法:1）在单数名词词尾直接加-s，-s在清辅音后面读[ s ]，在浊辅音和元音后读[ z ]，在辅音[ s ] [ z ][ t∫][d...英语名词变复数的发音规则特殊变化的词根据变化后结尾音变化同上如：butterfly-butterflies变化后结尾音/ai/为元音，所以发/z/音。

大学生英语笔记摘抄(3篇)

第1篇一、基础语法1. 时态- 现在时：表示现在发生的动作或存在的状态。

- 例句：I am studying in a university.- 过去时：表示过去发生的动作或存在的状态。

- 例句：I studied in a high school.- 将来时：表示将来要发生的动作或存在的状态。

- 例句：I will graduate next year.- 现在完成时：表示从过去某个时间点开始一直持续到现在，并且可能还会继续下去的动作或状态。

- 例句：I have lived in this city for five years.- 过去完成时：表示在过去某个时间点之前已经完成的动作或状态。

- 例句：By the time I arrived, he had finished his work.- 将来完成时：表示在将来某个时间点之前已经完成的动作或状态。

- 例句：By next week, I will have finished my project.2. 语态- 被动语态：表示主语是动作的承受者。

- 例句：The book is written by a famous author.- 主动语态：表示主语是动作的执行者。

- 例句：A famous author writes the book.3. 名词- 可数名词：有单数和复数形式，如book（单数），books（复数）。

- 不可数名词：没有复数形式，如water，milk。

- 名词所有格：表示所属关系，如the teacher's book，my friend's car。

4. 代词- 人称代词：I（我），you（你），he（他），she（她），it（它），we（我们），they（他们）。

- 物主代词：my（我的），your（你的），his（他的），her（她的），its（它的），our（我们的），their（他们的）。

英语语法术语

英语语法术语语法grammar句法syntax词法morphology 结构structure层次rank句子sentence从句clause词组phrase词类part of speech 单词word实词notional word 虚词structural word 单纯词simple word 派生词derivative复合词compound 词性part of speech名词noun专有名词proper noun普通名词common noun可数名词countable noun不可数名词uncountable noun 抽象名词abstract noun具体名词concret noun物质名词material noun集体名词collective noun个体名词individual noun介词preposition连词conjunction动词verb主动词main verb及物动词transitive verb不及物动词intransitive verb 系动词link verb助动词auxiliary verb情态动词modal verb规则动词regular verb不规则动词irregular verb 短语动词phrasal verb限定动词finite verb非限定动词infinite verb使役动词causative verb感官动词verb of senses动态动词event verb静态动词state verb感叹词exclamation形容词adjective副词adverb 方式副词adverb of manner程度副词adverb of degree时间副词adverb of time地点副词adverb of place修饰性副词adjunct连接性副词conjunct疑问副词interrogative adverb关系副词relative adverb代词pronoun人称代词personal pronoun物主代词possessive pronoun反身代词reflexive pronoun相互代词reciprocal pronoun指示代词demonstrative pronoun 疑问代词interrogative pronoun 关系代词relative pronoun不定代词indefinite pronoun 物主代词possessive pronoun 名词性物主代词nominal possessive pronoun形容词性物主代词adjectival possessive pronoun冠词article定冠词definite article不定冠词indefinite article数词numeral基数词cardinal numeral序数词ordinal numeral分数词fractional numeral形式form单数形式singular form复数形式plural form 限定动词finite verb form非限定动词non-finite verb form 原形base form从句clause从属句subordinate clause并列句coordinate clause名词从句nominal clause定语从句attributive clause状语从句adverbial clause宾语从句object clause主语从句subject clause同位语从句appositive clause时间状语从句adverbial clause of time地点状语从句adverbial clause of place方式状语从句adverbial clause of manner让步状语从句adverbial clause of concession原因状语从句adverbial clause of cause结果状语从句adverbial clause of result目的状语从句adverbial clause of purpose条件状语从句adverbial clause of condition真实条件状语从句adverbial clause of real condition非真实条件状语从句adverbial clause of unreal condition含蓄条件句adverbial clause of implied condition 错综条件句adverbial clause of mixed condition句子sentence简单句simple sentence并列句compound sentence复合句complex sentence并列复合句compound complex sentence陈述句declarative sentence疑问句interrogative sentence一般疑问句general question特殊疑问句special question选择疑问句alternative question 附加疑问句tag question反义疑问句disjunctive question修辞疑问句rhetorical question 感叹疑问句exclamatory question存在句existential sentence肯定句positive sentence基本句型basic sentence pattern 否定句negative sentence祈使句imperative sentence省略句elliptical sentence感叹句exclamatory sentence句子成分members of sentences 主语subject谓语predicate宾语object双宾语dual object 直接宾语direct object间接宾语indirect object复合宾语complex object同源宾语cognate object补语complement主补subject complement宾补object complement表语predicative定语attribute同位语appositive状语adverbial句法关系syntactic relationship 并列coordinate从属subordination修饰modification前置修饰pre-modification后置修饰post-modification 限制restriction双重限制double-restriction 非限制non-restriction数number单数形式singular form复数形式plural form规则形式regular form不规则形式irregular form 格case普通格common case所有格possessive case主格nominative case宾格objective case性gender阳性masculine 阴性feminine通性common中性neuter人称person第一人称first person第二人称second person第三人称third person时态tense过去将来时past future tense过去将来进行时past future continuous tense过去将来完成时past future perfect tense一般现在时present simple tense 一般过去时past simple tense一般将来时future simple tense现在完成时past perfect tense过去完成时present perfect tense 将来完成时future perfect tense 现在进行时present continuous tense过去进行时past continuous tense将来进行时future continuous tense过去将来进行时past future continuous tense现在完成进行时present perfect continuous tense过去完成进行时past perfect continuous tense语态voice主动语态active voice 被动语态passive voice语气mood陈述语气indicative mood 祈使语气imperative mood 虚拟语气subjunctive mood 否定negation否定范围scope of negation 全部否定full negation局部否定partial negation 转移否定shift of negation 语序order自然语序natural order倒装语序inversion全部倒装full inversion部分倒装partial inversion 直接引语direct speech间接引语indirect speech自由直接引语free direct speech 自由间接引语free indirect speech一致agreement主谓一致subject-predicate agreement语法一致grammatical agreement概念一致notional agreement就近原则principle of proximity 强调emphasis重复repetition语音pronunciation语调tone升调rising tone降调falling tone 降升调falling-rising tone文体style正式文体formal非正式文体informal口语spoken/oral English套语formulistic expression英国英语British English美国英语American English 用法usageTerms of English Language Teaching Methodology感情色彩emotional coloring 褒义commendatory贬义derogatory幽默humorous讽刺sarcastic挖苦ironic英语教学法术语Aachievement test 成绩测试acquisition 习得，语言习得acquisition 语言习得顺序active mastery 积极掌握active vocabulary 积极词汇，主动词汇affective filtering 情感筛选aim,objective 目的，目标analysis of errors 错误分析analytic approach 分析教学法，分析法analytical reading 分析性阅读application to practice 运用于实践applied linguistics 应用语言学approach 教学路子aptitude test 能力倾向测验Army method 陆军法associative learning 联想性学习auditory discrimination 辨音能力auditory feedback 听觉反馈auditory memory 听觉记忆auditory perception 听觉audio-lingual method 听说法audio-visual method 视听法aural-oral approach 听说教学法，听说法aural-oral method 听说法Bbasic knowledge 基本知识basic principle 基本原则basic theory 基本理论basic training 基本训练basic vocabulary 基本词汇behaviourism 行为主义bilingual 双语的bilingual education 双语教育blank filling 填空Cchain drill 链式操练，连锁操练choral repetition 齐声照读，齐声仿读class management 课常管理classroom interaction 课常应对cloze 完形填空coach 辅导cognitive approach 认知法common core 语言的共同核心，语言共核communicative drill 交际性操练communicative exercise 交际练习communicative langunge teaching 交际派语言教学法，交际教学法community language learning 集体语言学习法comparative method 比较法communicative approach 交际法comprehensible input 不难理解的输入comprehensive method 综合法computer-managed instruction 计算机管理教学concord and coordination 默契与配合console 控制台consonant cluster 辅音连缀context 上下文controlled composition 控制性作文course density 课堂密度course design 课程设计cramming method 灌输式cue word 提示词curriculum 课程，教学大纲curriculum development 课程编制，课程设计cultrual objective,aim 教养目的cclical approach 循环教学法，循环法Ddeductive learning 演绎性学习deductive method 演绎法delayed auditory feedback 延缓听觉反馈demonstration 演示demonstration lesson 示范教学describe a picture in writing 看图说话describe a picture orally 描写语言学diagram 图解diagnostic test 诊断性测验dicto-comp 听写作文direct application 直接应用direct comprehension 直接理解direct learning 直接学习direct method 直接教学法Eeducational objective, aim 教育目的EFL 英语作为外语EGP 通用英语ELT 英语教学English as a Foreign Language 英语作为外语English as an InternationalLanguage 英语作为国际语言English environment 英语环境English for Academic Purposes 学术英语English for general prupose 普通英语English for General Purposes 通用英语English for specific purposes 专用英语ESOL English for Speakers of Other Languages 供非英语民族使用的英语English medium school 英语授课学校English teaching;teaching English 英语教学WSD（English as a Second Dialect）英语作为第二方言WSL（English as a Second Language）英语作为第二语言ESL Programme（English as a Second Language Programme）英语（第二语言）教程ESP（English for Special Purposes）专用英语EST（English for Science andTechnology）科技英语evaluation 评语，评价examination 考试examination question 考题experimental method 实验法extensive reading 泛读external speech 外语言语extra-curiculum activity 课外活动extra-curriculum club,group 课外小组Ffacial expression 面部表情feedbace 反馈film projector 电影放映机filmstrip 电影胶片final stage 高级阶段first language 第一语言，母语formative evaluation 自由作文free practice 自由练习frequency of word 词的频率al approach 功能法al syllabus 功能派教学大纲word 功能词Ggeneral linguistics 普通语言学gestalt style 格式塔式（学习），整体式（学习）gesture 手势getting students ready for class 组织教学global learning 整体式学习，囫囵吞枣式学习global question 综合性问题gradation 级进法，分级递升法graded direct method 循序直接法grading 级进法，分级递升法；评分grammar lesson 语法课grammar method 语法法grammar translation method 语法翻译法grammatical analysis 语法分析group reading 集体朗读group training 集体练习guided composition 引导性作文Hheuristic method of teaching 启发式教学法heurstics 启发法；探索法humanistic approach 人本主义教学法Iidealism 唯心主义imitatiom 模仿immersion programme 沉浸式教学imparting knowledge 传授知识incomplete plosive 不完全爆破independent composition 独立作文individualized instruction 个别教学individual training 个别练习inductive learning 归纳性学习inductive method 归纳法inflection,inflexion 词形变化information,processing 信息处理initial beginning stage 初级阶段inner speech 内语言语in-service training 在职培训instructional objective 语言教学目标integrative teaching 综合教学integrated approach 综合教学法，综合法intelligent memory 理解性记忆language training 强化教学intensive training 精读intermediate stage 中级阶段interpretation 头口翻译International Phonetic Alphabet 国际音标Jjuncture 连读，音渡junior high school 初级中学junior school 初级学校junior sceondary school 初级中等学校junior-senior high school 初高中junior technical college(orschool) 初级职业学院（或学校）junior year 大学三年级Kkey words 基本词，关键字kinesics 身势语，身势学kinesthetic memory 动觉记忆knowledge 知识knowledge structure 知识结构Llanguage acquisition 语言习得language acquisition device 语言习得机制language arts 语言技能language competence,or knowledge 语言知识language learning capability 语言学习能力language laboratory;lab 语言实验室language leaning capacity 语言学习能力language pedagogy 语言教育language performance 语言行为language program design 语言课程设计language test 语言测试learning by deduction 演绎性学习learning by induction 归纳性学习learning process 学习过程learning style 学习方式lesson conducting 教课lesson plan 课时计划，教案lesson preparation 备课lesson type 课型linguistics 语言学linguistic competence 语言能力linguistic method 口语领先教学法living language 活的语言long-term memory 长期记忆look-and-say method 看图说话法Mmeaningful drill 有意义的操练neabubgful exercise 有意义的练习meaningful learning 理解性学习means of teaching 教学手段mechanical drill 机械操练mechanical exercise 机械练习mechanical memory 机械记忆mechanical translation 机器翻译medium of instruction 教学媒介语，教学语言memory 记忆，记忆力memory span 记忆幅度memorizing 用记记住method 方法methodology of teaching 教学法methodology of teaching English 英语教学法microteaching 微型教学mim-mem method 模仿—记忆法minimal pair 最小对立体（一种辨音练习）model 模型modeling 示范教学modern equipment 现代化设备modern language 现代语言monitor hypothesis 语言监控说mother tongue 母语motivation 引起动机Nnative language 本族语natural appoach 自然教学法，自然法natural method 自然法needs analysis 需要分析new lesson 新课nine-pile grading 九堆法notional approach 意念法notional-al syllabus 意念-功能派教学大纲notional syllabus 意念大纲、意念派教学大纲Oobservation lesson 观摩教学objective 教学目标optimum age hypothesis 学习最佳年龄说operating principle 操作原则oral approach 口语教学法，口语法oral exercise 口语练习oral method 口授法oral reading 朗读order of acquisition 语言习得顺序organization of teaching materials 教材组织organs of speech 发音器官outside reading 课外阅读overlearing 过量学习Ppaired-associate learning 配对联想学习法pair work 双人作业，双人练习passive vocabulary 消极词汇pattern drill 句型操练pattern practice 句型练习pdeagogical grammar 教学语法pedagogy 教育法peer teaching 同学互教penmanship handwriting 书法perception 知觉performance objective 语言实践目标personality 个性philosophy 哲学phoneme 音素phonetics 语音法phonetic method 按字母音值拼读法phonology 音位学picture 图画phasement test 分班测验plateau of learning 学习高原practical objective 实用目的practice effect 练习效应practice of teaching 教学实践presentation of new materials 提出新材料pre-teaching 预教primary of speech 口语领先principle of communication 交际性原则principle of teaching 教学原则problem solving 习题解答production stage 活用阶段，产出阶段productive exercise 活用练习productive mastery 活用掌握productive vocabulary 活用词汇proficiency 熟练program desing 课程设计psycho-linguistics 心理语言学psychological method 心理法Qqualified teacher 合格教师question band 试题库questionnaire 调查问卷questions 提问Rrapid reading 快速阅读，快读rate of reading 阅读速度readability 易读性read by turns 轮读reading 阅读reading lesson 阅读课reading method 阅读法reading speed 阅读速度reading vocabulary 阅读词汇，阅读词汇量receptive language knowledge 接受性语言知识receptive vocabulary 领会词汇reformed method 改良法regression 回看，重读reinforcement 巩固reinforcement lesson 巩固课repetition drill 复述操练repetition-stage 仿照阶段response 反应retelling 复述retention 记忆teview;tevision 复习review（revise）and check up 复习检查review（revision）lesson 复习课rewriting 改写rhythm 节奏role-play 扮演角色rote learning 强记学习法，死记硬背Sscanning 查阅，扫瞄school practice 教学实习scientific way of thinking 科学的思想方法second language 第二语言segment 音段，切分成分semantics 语义学seminar 课堂讨论sentence completion 完成句子short-term memory 短期记忆sight vocabulary 一见即懂的词汇silent reading 默读silent way 沉默法，静授法simplification 简写simplified reader 简写读本simulation 模拟，模拟性课堂活动simultaneous interpretation 同声翻译situational method 情景法situational language teaching 情景派语言教学法，情景教学法situational method 情景教学法situational syllabus 情景派教学大纲situation reinforcement 情景强化法skimming 略读，济览slide 幻灯片slide projector 幻灯片socialized speech 社会化言语socio-linguistics 社会语言学soft ware 软件speech disorder 言语缺陷speech pathology 言语病理学speech perception 言语知觉speech reading 唇读法speed reading 快速阅读，快读speelling 正字法spiral approach 螺旋式教学法，螺旋法spoken lauguang 口语stage of teaching 教学阶段stick drawing;mathch drawing 简笔画stimulus and response 刺激与反应stress accent 重音，重读structuralism 结构主义（语言学）structural method 结构法student-centered 学生中心student-centered learning 学生为主学习法student teacher 实习教师student teaching 教育实习submersion programme 沉浸式教程substitution 替换substitution table 替换表subvocal reading 默读suggestopaedia 暗示教学法syllabus 教学大纲syllabus design 教学大纲设计syllabus for middle school English 中学英语教学大纲synthetic approach 综合性教学法，综合法synthetical reading 综合性阅读Ttarget language 目的语，译文语言teacher’s book 教师用书teacher’s manual 教师手册teaching experience 教学经验teaching objective,aim 教学目的teaching procedure 教学过程teaching tools;property 教具teaching words in isolation 孤立教单词theory of teaching 教学理论TEFL 英语（外语）教学TESL 英语（第二语言）教学TESOL 对非英语民族教英语time allotment 时间分配total physical response method 整体动作反应法transformation drill 转换操练translation method 翻译法transformational generativegrammar 转化生成语法Uunconscious 潜意识underclassman 低年级学生undergraduate 大学本科生undergraduate course 大学本科课程undergraduate school 大学本科学院undergraduate special 大学特殊课程unified studied 统一课程university high school 大学附属中学university of the air 广播电视大学updating courses/training 现代化课程/训练upgrading courses/training 进修课程/训练upperclassman 高年级学生use and usage 使用和用法utterance 语段Vverbal association 词语联想verbal learning 语言学习，单词学习video 电视，影象videotape 录象磁带visual perception 视觉visual aid 直观手段visit a class 听课visual memory 视觉记忆vocabulary control 词汇控制Wword association 词际联想word list 词表word study 词的研究word frequency 词汇重复率written language 书面语感情色彩emotional coloring褒义commendatory贬义derogatory幽默humorous讽刺sarcastic挖苦ironic英语教学术语Approach教学路子Communicative approach交际法Communicative language teaching 交际语言教学Method教学方法Syllabus design教学大纲设计Frist language母语Second language第二语言Foreign language外语Target language目的语言Techniques技巧Brainstorm指就某一问题随便发表观点或建议的过程Group-work小组活动Pair-work两人一组的活动View of work语言理论或对语言的认识Structural view结构主义语言理论Functional view功能主义语言理论Interactional view交互语言理论Behaviourist theory行为主义学习理论Cognitive theory认知学习理论Process-oriented theory强调过程的语言学习理论Condition-oriented theory强调条件的语言学习理论Audiolingual theory外语教学听说法TPR:total physical respone 全身反应法Silent way沉默法Natural approach自然法Reflective teaching反思教学Communicative approach交际法或交际路子Communicative competence交际能力Linguistic competence语言能力Teaching procedures教学步骤Teaching aids教学辅助材料和设备Variety多样性Flexibility灵活性Learnability可学性百度文库 - 让每个人平等地提升自我21Linkage 连接Micro planning 微观备课 Macro planning 宏观备课 RP:received pronunciation 英国伦敦附近的一种方言。

大学英语不规则动词的过去式、过去分词

动词原形过去式过去分词意思abide abode/abided abode/abided持续；忍受；停留alight alighted/alit alighted/alit下来；飞落arise arose arisen出现；上升；起立awake awoke/awaked awoken/awoke/awaked唤醒；使觉醒；激起，唤起am was been 是；有，存在；做，成为；发生is was been 是；有，存在；做，成为；发生are were been 是；有，存在；做，成为；发生bear bore borne/born忍受；承受；具有；支撑beat beat beaten 拍子；敲击；有规律的一连串敲打become became become成为；变得；变成befall befell befallen降临；发生begin began begun开始；首先behold beheld beheld看；注视；把视为bend bent bent 使弯曲；使屈服；使致力；使朝向beset beset beset困扰；镶嵌；围绕bet bet/betted bet/betted打赌，赌注；敢断定bid bade/bid bidden/bid出价；叫牌；努力争取bide bode/bided bided等待；面临；禁得起bind bound bound 捆绑；困境；讨厌的事情；植物的藤蔓bite bit bitten/bit咬；咬伤；刺痛bleed bled bled 使出血；榨取/流血；渗出；悲痛blend blended/blent blended/blent混合；协调bless blessed/blest blessed/blest祝福；保佑；赞美blow blew blown吹；打击；殴打break broke broken打破；折断；弄坏；削弱breed bred bred 繁殖；饲养；养育，教育；引起bring brought brought 带来；促使；引起；某人处于某种情况或境地broadcast broadcast/broadcasted broadcast/broadcasted 播送，播放；（无线电或电视）广播；播撒（种子）build built built建筑；建造burn burnt/burned burnt/burned 燃烧；烧毁，灼伤；激起的愤怒burst burst burst爆发，突发；爆炸buy bought bought购买；获得；贿赂can could-能；能够；可以；可能cast cast cast 投，抛；计算；浇铸；投射（光、影、视线等）catch caught caught赶上；抓住；感染；了解choose chose chosen选择，决定cling clung clung坚持，墨守；紧贴；附着clothe clothed/clad clothed/clad给穿衣；覆盖；赋予come came come 来；开始；出现；发生；变成；到达cost cost cost花费；使付出；使花许多钱cut cut cut[机]切割；削减；缩短；刺痛dare dared dared/durst敢；胆敢deal dealt dealt处理；给予；分配；发牌die died died死亡；凋零；熄灭dig dug dug挖，掘；探究dispread dispread dispread向四方张开；展开do/does did done 做；工作；有用（do的第三人称单数形式）draw drew drawn拉；拖dream dreamed/dreamt dreamed/dreamt梦想；做梦；想到drink drank drunk喝，饮；吸收；举杯庆贺drive drove driven vt. 推动，发动（机器等）；驾驶（马车，汽车等）；驱赶dwell dwelt dwelt居住；存在于；细想某事eat ate eaten吃，喝；腐蚀；烦扰fall fell fallen落下；变成；来临；减弱feed fed fed喂养；供给；放牧；抚养（家庭等）；靠为生feel felt felt觉得；摸索fight fought fought 打架；与打仗，与斗争；反对提案find found found 查找，找到；发现；认为；感到；获得flee fled fled逃走；消失，消散fly flew flown飞；驾驶飞机；飘扬flee fled fled逃走（flee的过去分词）；消逝forbear forbore forborne忍耐；克制forbid forbade/forbad forbidden 禁止；不准；不允许；〈正式〉严禁forecast forecast/forecasted forecast/forecasted预报，预测；预示forego forewent foregone放弃；居先；在之前foreknow foreknew foreknown预见；预知；先知foresee foresaw foreseen预见；预知forget forgot forgotten/forgot忘记；忽略forgive forgave forgiven原谅；免除（债务、义务等）forsake forsook forsaken放弃；断念forswear forswore forsworn发誓抛弃freeze froze frozen使冻住；使结冰get got got/gotten使得；获得；受到；变成gild gilded/gilt gilded/gilt镀金；虚饰；供给钱gird girded/girt girded/girt束缚；佩带；做准备give gave given给；产生；让步；举办；授予go went gone去；进行；尝试grave graved graven/graved雕刻；铭记grind ground ground磨碎；磨快grow grew grown使生长；种植；扩展hang hung hung 悬着，垂下；被绞死；悬而不决hang hanged hanged 悬挂，垂下；装饰；绞死；使悬而未决have had had有；让；拿；从事；允许hear heard heard听到，听；听说；审理heave heaved/hove heaved/hove 举起；使起伏；投掷；恶心；发出（叹息等）hew hewed hewed/hewn劈；砍倒hide hid hidden/hid隐藏；隐瞒；鞭打hit hit hit 打击；袭击；碰撞；偶然发现；伤的感情hold held held 持有；拥有；保存；拘留；约束或控制hurt hurt hurt 使受伤；损害；使疼痛；使痛心keep kept kept保持；经营；遵守；饲养kneel knelt/kneeled knelt/kneeled跪下，跪knit knitted/knit knitted/knit编织；结合know knew known知道；认识；懂得lade laded laded/laden装载；装（船）lay laid laid 躺下；产卵；搁放；放置；铺放；涂，敷lead led led领导；致使；引导；指挥lean leaned/leant leaned/leant使倾斜leap leapt/leaped leapt/leaped跳跃，跳过；使跃过learn learnt/learned learnt/learned学习；得知；认识到leave left left离开；留下；遗忘；委托lend lent lent贷；增添，提供；把借给let let let允许，让；出租；假设；妨碍lie lay lain 躺下；产卵；搁放；放置；铺放；涂，敷lie lied lied谎骗light lit lit照亮；点燃；着火light lighted lighted照亮；点燃；着火lose lost lost 浪费；使沉溺于；使迷路；遗失；错过make made made 使得；进行；布置，准备，整理；制造；认为；获得；形成；安排；引起；构成may might might 可以，能够；可能，也许；祝，愿；会，能mean meant meant意味；想要；意欲meet met met满足；遇见；对付melt melted melted/melten 使融化；使熔化；使软化；使感动mislead misled misled误导；带错mistake mistook mistaken弄错；误解misunderstand misunderstood misunderstood误解；误会must must must 必须，一定；可以，应当；很可能ought ought ought应该，应当；大概overcome overcame overcome克服；胜过pay paid paid支付，付；偿还，补偿；给予precast precast precast预制；预浇制prove proved proved/proven证明；检验；显示put put put表达；移动；安置；赋予quit quitted/quit quitted/quit 离开；放弃；停止；使解除read read read阅读；读懂，理解rebuild rebuilt rebuilt重建；改造，重新组装；复原rend rent rent撕碎；分裂；强夺repay repaid repaid回报；报复；付还reset reset reset重置；重新设定；重新组合retell retold retold复述；再讲；重述rid rid/ridded rid/ridded使摆脱；使去掉ride rode ridden 骑；乘；控制；（骑马、自行车等）穿越；搭乘；飘浮ring rang rung按铃；包围；敲钟；套住rise rose risen使飞起；使浮上水面run ran run管理，经营；运行；参赛saw sawed sawn/sawed锯；锯成；锯say said said 讲；说明；例如；声称；假设；指明see saw seen看见；理解；领会seek sought sought寻求；寻找；探索；搜索sell sold sold销售；推销；出卖；欺骗send sent sent 发送，寄；派遣；使进入；发射set set set树立；点燃；点缀sew sewed sewn/sewed缝合，缝上；缝纫shake shook shaken动摇；摇动；震动；握手shall should-应；会；将；必须shave shaved shaved/shaven 剃，削去；修剪；切成薄片；掠shear sheared shorn/sheared剪；修剪；剥夺shed shed shed流出；摆脱；散发；倾吐shine shone/shined shone/shined照射，擦亮；把的光投向；（口）通过擦拭使变得有shoe shod/shoed shodden给穿上鞋；穿鞋shoot shot shot 射击，射中；拍摄；发芽；使爆炸；给注射show showed shown/showed显示；说明；演出；展出shrink shrank/shrunk shrunk/shrunken使缩小，使收缩shut shut shut关闭；停业；幽禁sing sang/sung sung唱；用诗赞颂；唱着使sink sank/sunk sunk/sunken使下沉；挖掘；使低落sit sat sat使就座slay slew slain杀害，杀死；使禁不住大笑sleep slept slept睡，睡觉slide slid slid 滑动；使滑动；悄悄地迅速放置sling slung slung用投石器投掷；吊起smell smelt/smelled smelt/smelled 嗅，闻；察觉到；发出的气味sow sowed sown/sowed播种；散布；使密布speak spoke spoken讲话；发言；讲演speed sped/speeded sped/speeded 加快的速度；使成功，使繁荣spell spelt/spelled spelt/spelled 拼，拼写；意味着；招致；拼成；迷住；轮值spend spent spent度过，消磨（时光）；花费；spill spilt/spilled spilt/spilled使溢出，使流出；使摔下spin spun spun使旋转；纺纱；编造；结网spit spat/spit spat/spit吐，吐出；发出；发射split split split 分离；使分离；劈开；离开；分解spoil spoilt/spoiled spoilt/spoiled溺爱；糟蹋；破坏；掠夺spread spread spread 传播，散布；展开；伸展；铺开spring sprang/sprung sprung 使跳起；使爆炸；突然提出；使弹开stand stood stood使站立；忍受；抵抗steal stole stolen剽窃；偷偷地做；偷窃stick stuck stuck刺，戳；伸出；粘贴sting stung stung 刺；驱使；使苦恼；使疼痛stink stank/stunk stunk使发出臭气；用臭味驱赶stride strode stridden 跨过；大踏步走过；跨坐在strike struck struck/stricken 打，击；罢工；撞击，冲击；侵袭；打动；到达string strung strung线，弦，细绳；一串，一行strive strove/strived striven/strived努力；奋斗；抗争swear swore sworn发誓；咒骂sweat sweat/sweated sweat/sweated 使出汗；流出；使干苦活；剥削；藉出汗减轻；焦急地期待sweep swept swept扫除；猛拉；掸去swell swelled swollen/swelled使膨胀；使隆起swim swam swum游过；使浮起swing swung swung使旋转；挥舞；悬挂take took taken 拿，取；采取；接受（礼物等）；买，花费；耗费（时间等）teach taught taught教；教授；教导tear tore torn撕掉/扯下/扰乱tell told told告诉，说；辨别；吩咐；断定think thought thought想；认为；想起；想象；打算thrive throve/thrived thriven/thrived繁荣，兴旺；茁壮成长throw threw thrown投；抛；掷thrust thrust thrust插；插入；推挤tread trod trodden/trod踏；踩；践踏；跳；踩出underdo underdid underdone不尽全力做；使煮得嫩undergo underwent undergone经历，经受；忍受understand understood understood理解；懂；获悉；推断；省略undertake undertook undertaken 承担，保证；从事；同意；试图undo undid undone取消；解开；破坏；扰乱upset upset upset使心烦；颠覆；扰乱wake waked/woke waked/woken/woke叫醒；激发wear wore worn穿着；用旧；耗损；面露weave wove woven编织；编排；使迂回前进wed wedded/wed wedded/wed与结婚；娶；嫁weep wept wept 哭泣；流泪；悲叹；流出或渗出液体weigh weighed weighed权衡；考虑；称重量wet wetted/wet wetted/wet弄湿will would-决心要；遗赠；用意志力使win won won赢得；在中获胜；劝诱wind winded/wound winded/wound 缠绕；上发条；使弯曲；吹号角；绕住或缠住某人wit wist wist智慧；才智；智力withdraw withdrew withdrawn撤退；收回；撤消；拉开withstand withstood withstood抵挡；禁得起；反抗work worked worked 使工作；操作；经营；使缓慢前进work wrought wrought 使工作；操作；经营；使缓慢前进wring wrung wrung拧；绞；紧握；使痛苦；折磨write wrote written写，书写；写信给；著述。

不规则动词表(大学英语四、六级考试必备)

第 3 页，共 10 页
107 108 109 110 111 112 113 114 115 116 117 118 119 120 121 122 123 124 125 126 127 128 129 130 131 132 133 134 135 136 137 138 139 140 141 142
broadcast, broadcasted browbeat built burnt, burned burst bought could cast caught chid, chided chose cleaved, cleft, clove clave clung clothed, clad came cost crept crowed, crew cut dared, durst dealt dug dispread did drew dreamed, dreamt drank drove dwelt, dwelled ate fell fed felt fought found
Past Participle过去分词
abode, abided alighted, alit arisen awoke, awaked been borne, born beaten become befallen begotten, begot begun beheld bent bereaved, bereft besought, beseeched beset bespoken, bespoke bespread bestrewed, bestrewn bestridden, bestrid, bestrode bet, betted betaken bethought bidden, bid bided bound bitten, bit bled blended, blent blessed, blest blown broken bred brought

常见的英语动词过去式不规则变化表

常见的英语动词过去式不规则变化表一、动词过去式不规则变化表不规则动词过去式是指在动词的过去式形式中，不遵循一般规则变化的动词。

这些不规则动词的过去式形式需要通过记忆来掌握。

以下是一些常见的英语动词不规则过去式的变化表：1. be（是）的过去式形式是was / were例句：I was at home yesterday.（昨天我在家。

）2. have（有）的过去式形式是had例句：I had a great time at the beach last summer.（去年夏天我在海滩玩得很开心。

）3. do（做）的过去式形式是did例句：She did her homework before going to bed.（她睡觉前做完了作业。

）4. go（去）的过去式形式是went例句：We went to the park together.（我们一起去了公园。

）5. say（说）的过去式形式是said例句：He said he woulde to the party.（他说他会来参加派对。

）6. get（得到）的过去式形式是got例句：She got a new job last month.（她上个月找到了一份新工作。

）7. make（制作）的过去式形式是made例句：I made a cake for my friend's birthday.（我为朋友的生日做了一个蛋糕。

）8. put（放）的过去式形式是put例句：He put the book on the table.（他把书放在桌子上。

）9. take（拿）的过去式形式是took例句：She took a picture of the beautiful scenery.（她拍了一张美丽风景的照片。

）10. see（看见）的过去式形式是saw例句：We saw a movie last night.（昨晚我们看了一部电影。

30个不规则动词变化表

30个不规则动词变化表好的，下面是30个不规则动词的变化表：1. be (am, are, is, was, were, been)。

2. begin (begin, began, begun)。

3. break (break, broke, broken)。

4. bring (bring, brought, brought)。

5. buy (buy, bought, bought)。

6. catch (catch, caught, caught)。

7. choose (choose, chose, chosen)。

8. come (come, came, come)。

9. do (do, did, done)。

10. drink (drink, drank, drunk)。

11. drive (drive, drove, driven)。

12. eat (eat, ate, eaten)。

13. fall (fall, fell, fallen)。

14. feel (feel, felt, felt)。

15. find (find, found, found)。

16. fly (fly, flew, flown)。

17. forget (forget, forgot, forgotten)。

18. get (get, got, got/gotten)。

19. give (give, gave, given)。

20. go (go, went, gone)。

21. have (have, had, had)。

22. know (know, knew, known)。

23. leave (leave, left, left)。

24. make (make, made, made)。

25. put (put, put, put)。

26. run (run, ran, run)。

27. see (see, saw, seen)。

动词ed 、动词ing、动词不定式的用法

动词ed 、动词ing、动词不定式的用法1、定义动词-ed和动词-ing形式常称作分词。

他们既有动词的特征，又有形容词和副词的特征，在英语中可以作定语、状语、表语和宾语补足语。

2、构成（1）规则的动词后+ed构成动词-ed形式，不规则的需要记忆。

动词-ed形式没有一般式和完成式、主动语态和被动语态的变化。

（2）动词-ing形式有一般式和完成式、主动语态和被动语态区别。

下列以及物动词write和不及物动词go列表示例：writego主动被动动词-ing一般式writing being written going动词-ing完成式having written having been written动词-ed written gone3、用法（1）作定语单个的分词作定语，一般置于所修饰的词前;分词短语作定语置于所修饰的词后，相当于一个定语从句。

如：Many excited people wanted to travel on the underground.许多兴奋的人们想乘地铁旅行。

The countries you referred to just now belong to developing countries.你刚才提到的那些国家属于发展中国家。

People developed a kind of paper made from the fibers of plants.=People developed a kind of paper which/that was made from the fibers of plants.人们研制出一种用植物纤维制成的纸。

The houses being built are for the teachers.=The houses which/that are being built are for the teachers.正在（被）建的那些房子是给老师们的。

大学英语四级语法知识

大学英语(CET--4) 语法学习提纲一、词类、句子成分和构词法：1、词类：英语词类分十种：名词、形容词、代词、数词、冠词、动词、副词、介词、连词、感叹词。

1、名词(n.)：表示人、事物、地点或抽象概念的名称。

如：boy, morning, bag, ball, class, orange.2、代词(pron.)：主要用来代替名词。

如：who, she, you, it .3、形容词(adj..)：表示人或事物的性质或特征。

如：good, right, white, orange .4、数词(num.)：表示数目或事物的顺序。

如：one, two, three, first, second, third, fourth.5、动词(v.)：表示动作或状态。

如：am, is,are,have,see .6、副词(adv.)：修饰动词、形容词或其他副词,说明时间、地点、程度等。

如：now, very, here, often, quietly, slowly.7、冠词(art..)：用在名词前,帮助说明名词。

如：a, an, the.8、介词(prep.)：表示它后面的名词或代词与其他句子成分的关系。

如in, on, from, above, behind.9、连词(conj.)：用来连接词、短语或句子。

如and, but, before .10、感叹词(interj..)表示喜、怒、哀、乐等感情。

如：oh, well, hi, hello.2、句子成分：英语句子成分分为七种：主语、谓语、宾语、定语、状语、表语、宾语补足语。

1、主语是句子所要说的人或事物,回答是“谁”或者“什么”。

通常用名词或代词担任。

如：I’m Miss Green.(我是格林小姐)2、谓语动词说明主语的动作或状态,回答“做(什么)”。

主要由动词担任。

如：Jack cleans the room every day. (杰克每天打扫房间)3、表语在系动词之后,说明主语的身份或特征,回答是“什么”或者“怎么样”。

大学英语三级考试语法总结

大学英语三级考试语法总结大学英语三级考试对于许多非英语专业的同学来说是一个重要的阶段性检测。

语法作为英语学习的重要组成部分，掌握好它对于提升考试成绩、增强英语实际运用能力都有着关键作用。

以下是对大学英语三级考试中常见语法点的总结。

一、时态时态是英语语法中非常重要的一部分，在考试中经常出现。

1、一般现在时：表示经常发生的动作、客观事实或真理。

例如：“The earth revolves s around the sun”（地球绕着太阳转。

）其结构为：主语＋动词原形（当主语为第三人称单数时，动词要加 s 或 es）。

2、一般过去时：表示过去发生的动作或存在的状态。

比如：“I played basketball yesterday”（我昨天打篮球了。

）其结构为：主语＋动词的过去式。

3、一般将来时：表示将来要发生的动作或存在的状态。

常见表达有：“will ＋动词原形”或“be going to ＋动词原形”。

例如：“I will go to Beijing next week”（我下周将去北京。

）4、现在进行时：表示正在进行的动作。

结构为：主语＋ am/is/are ＋动词的现在分词。

例如：“She is reading a book now”（她现在正在读书。

）5、过去进行时：表示过去某个时刻正在进行的动作。

其结构为：主语＋ was/were ＋动词的现在分词。

如：“I was watching TV at eighto'clock last night”（昨晚八点我正在看电视。

）6、现在完成时：表示过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响或结果，或者过去开始一直持续到现在的动作。

结构为：主语＋ have/has ＋过去分词。

比如：“I have finished my homework”（我已经完成了作业。

）7、过去完成时：表示过去某个时间之前已经完成的动作。

结构为：主语＋ had ＋过去分词。

例如：“By the end of last year, we had learned 2000 words”（到去年年底，我们已经学了 2000 个单词。

英语不规则单词的过去式和过去分词

英语不规则单词的过去式和过去分词am\are\is was\were beenbear bore bornbeat beat beatenbecome became becomebegin began begunblow blew blownbreak broke brokenbring brought broughtbuild built builtburn burnt burntbuy bought boughtcan couldcatch caught caughtchoose chose chosencome came comecost cost costcut cut cutdig dug dugdo did donedraw drew drawndrink drank drunkdrive drove driveneat ate eatenfall fell fallenfeed fed fedfeel felt feltfight fought foughtfind found foundfly flew flownforget forgot forgettenfreeze froze frozenget got gotgive gave givengo went gonegrow grew grownhang hung hunghave had hadhear heard heardhide hid hiddenhit hit hithold held heldhurt hurt hurtkeep kept keptkneel knelt kneltknow knew knownlay laid laidlean leant leantleave left leftlet let letlie lay lainlose lost lostmake made mademay mightmean meant meantmeet meet metmelt melted meltedpay paid paidput put putread read readride rode riddenring rang rungrise rose risenrun ran runsay said saidsee saw seensell sold soldsend sent sentsew sewed sewnshake shook shakenshine shone shoneshow showed shownshut shut shutsing sang sungsink sank sunksit sat satsleep slept sleptsmell smelt smeltspeak spoke spokenspeed sped spedspell spelt speltspend spent spentspin spun spunspread spread spreadspring sprang sprungstand stood stoodsteal stole stolenstick stuck stucksweat sweated sweatedsweep swept sweptswim swam swumswing swung swungtake took takenteach taught taughttell told toldthink thought thoughtthrow threw thrownunderstand understood understood wake woke wokenwear wore wornwin won wonwrite wrote writtenUnit1how often 多久一次exercise v.& n.锻炼skateboard v.踩滑板hardly adv.几乎不ever adv.曾，曾经once adv.一次twice adv.两次time n.次，次数surf v.在…冲浪Internet n.网络program n.节目，表演high school 高中，完全中学result n.结果active adj.活跃的，积极的for prep.对于，在…方面as for 至于,关于about adv.几乎，大约junk n.废弃的旧物junk food 垃圾食品milk n.牛奶coffee n.咖啡chip n.（食物等的）薄片cola n.可乐chocolate n.巧克力drink v.喝，饮health n.健康，健康状况how many 多少interviewer n.采访者habit n.习惯try v.试图，设法，努力of course 当然look after 照顾，照看lifestyle n.生活方式grade n.分数，成绩better adj.& adv.更好的（地）same adj.同样的，相同的as prep.像…一样different adj.不同的，有区别的difference n.不同，差异，区别unhealthy adj.不健康的maybe adv.或许，大概although conj.虽然，即使for prep.达，计grandpa n.外公，爷爷a lot of 大量，许多keep v.保持must modal v.必须less adj.更小的，较少的Unit2matter n.事情，问题have v.得（病），患（病）cold n.受凉，感冒have a cold 得了感冒stomachache n.胃痛sore adj.疼痛的back n.背，背部arm n.臂，胳膊ear n.耳朵eye n.眼睛foot n.脚，足hand n.手head n.头，头部leg n.腿，腿部mouth n.嘴neck n.脖子，颈部nose n.鼻子stomach n.胃tooth n.牙齿throat n.喉咙toothache n.牙痛fever n.发烧，发热rest v.休息honey n.蜂蜜dentist n.牙医should modal v.应该headache n.头痛shouldn't=should notago adv.以前so pron.如此，这样illness n.疾病advice n.劝告thirsty adj.渴的stress v.加压力于，使紧张(be)stressed out 有压力的，紧张的early adv.提早（地）problem n.问题way n.方法，手段，方式traditional adj.传统的believe v.相信，认为balance n.平衡，平衡状态weak adj.虚弱的，无力的herb n.草本植物，药草angry adj.愤怒的，生气的tofu n.豆腐medicine n.药物western adj.西方的everybody pron.每人，人人get v.变得few adj.很少的a few 有些，几个，少数stay v.继续是，保持important adj.重要的balanced adj.平衡的diet n.饮食，节食moment n.瞬间，片刻at the moment 此时until conj.直到…之时host family 寄宿家庭hear v.听见，听说Unit3 中文babysit v.临时照顾（小孩）camp v.宿营plan n.& v.计划，规划Tibet 西藏hike v.徒步旅行，远足Hong Kong 香港how long 多久，多长时间away adv.向远处get back 回来send v.发送，寄postcard n.明信片San Francisco 旧金山Hawaii 夏威夷bike n.自行车ride v.乘骑 n.旅行的路程sightseeing n.观光，游览fishing n.捕鱼rent v.租用，出租Italy 意大利famous adj.著名的，出名的take a vacation 去度假Greece 希腊Spain 西班牙Europe n.欧洲something pron.某物，某事lake n.湖，湖泊the Great Lakes 五大湖leave v.离开，出发countryside n.农村，乡村nature n.大自然，自然界forget v.忘记a lot 很，常常，非常finish v.结束，完成Thailand 泰国tourist n.旅行者Unit4 中文subway n.地铁train n.火车forty num.四十fifty num.五十sixty num.六十seventy num.七十eighty num.八十ninety num.九十hundred num.一百minute n.分钟take v.花费（时间）by prep.表示交通方式by bus 乘坐公共汽车far adj.远的，遥远的how far 多远kilometer n.公里，千米shower v.淋浴quick adj.快的bicycle n.自行车early adj.早的，提早的mile n.英里stop n.车站transportation n.公共交通，运输north adj.北部的，北方的North America 北美洲part n.地区depend v.依赖,依靠depend on 视…而定river n.河，江boat n.小船by boat 乘小船must modal v.一定more adj.& adv.更多的（地）than conj.比means n.方法，手段，工具car n.小汽车town n.镇，城镇ill adj.生病的，不健康的worry v.担心，担忧，焦虑so adv.这么，那么much adv.十分，非常Unit5 中文lesson n.课，课程another adj.又一的，再一的concert n.音乐会whom pron.谁，什么人calendar n.日历tomorrow n.& adv.明天the day after tomorrow 后天weekday n.工作日invitation n.邀请，邀请书training n.训练，锻炼chemistry n.化学American adj.美国的project n.（学校的）课题，项目matches n.比赛，竞赛whole adj.整个的，全部的over adv.从一边至另一边come over 顺便来访free adj.空闲的，有空的till conj.直到…之时Unit6 中文outgoing adj.友好的，外向的twin adj.& n.孪生的calm adj.镇静的wild adj.鲁莽的serious adj.严肃的athletic adj.擅长运动的note n.注释mean v.表示…的意思as adv.以…的方式way n.某个方面both pron.两个（都）hers pron.她的（所有物）physics n.物理however adv.然而more than 超出in common 公有的，共有的be good at 擅长，在…方面做得好school work n.学业laugh v.笑for prep.为，给，对opposite adj.对立的view n.观点interest n.兴趣though adv.& conj.虽然necessary adj.必要的beat v.打败care v.对…在意friendship n.友情primary adj.初级的，小学的primary school 小学information n.消息，信息Units1-6 中文wheel n.轮子woman n.女人use v.使用cheese n.干酪，奶酪sick adj.不适的，患病的body n.身体begin v.开始begin with 以…开始swimming pool 游泳池excited adj.激动的Harbin 哈尔滨safe adj.安全的，可靠的fast adj.& adv快的（地）passenger n.乘客Unit7 中文shake n.奶昔milk shake 奶昔blender n.搅拌机turn on 打开cut v.切，割up adv.分开cut up 切碎peel v.剥，削pour v.倾倒into prep.到…里yogurt n.酸奶ingredient n.材料cup n.小茶杯watermelon n.西瓜teaspoon n.茶匙amount n.总额instruction n.命令finally adv.最后地，最终mix v.混合mix up 混合在一起popcorn n.爆米花popper n.爆米花机boil v.煮沸salt n.盐add v.加，加添add…to… 把…加到…上sandwich n.三明治bread n.面包butter n.黄油relish n.调味品lettuce n.生菜，莴苣turkey n.火鸡slice n.薄片super adj.超级的top n.顶，上部recipe n.烹调法check v.核对，检查green onion 嫩洋葱duck n.鸭子sauce n.调味汁pancake n.薄煎饼roll v.卷Unit8 中文gift n.礼物shark n.鲨鱼aquarium n.水族馆seal n.海豹hang v.逗留，徘徊hang out 闲荡，闲逛souvenir n.纪念物win v.赢，获胜autograph n.亲笔签名prize n.奖赏，奖金visitor n.访问者，参观者outdoor adj.户外的octopus n.章鱼end n.结束monitor n.班长Chicago 芝加哥California 加利福尼亚州sleep late 睡过头drive n.驾驶off adj.休息day off 不工作rain n.雨DVD abbr.数字化视频光盘yard n.院子yard sale 庭院旧货出售luckily adv.幸运地umbrella n.雨伞raincoat n.雨衣wet adj.潮湿的competition n.竞争,比赛，竞赛player n.运动员future n.将来again adv.再一次Unit 9 中文born v.出生record n.记录hiccup v.& n.打嗝sneeze v.& n.（打）喷嚏too…to… 太…以至于不能…golf v.& n.（打）高尔夫球Brazilian adj.巴西的national adj.国家的achievement n.成就perform v.演出，表演gymnast n.体操运动员gold n.金子 adj.金的medal n.奖牌championship n.冠军称号golfer n.高尔夫球运动员become v.成为call v.把…叫做talented adj.有天赋的loving adj.慈爱的creative adj.有创造力的outstanding adj.杰出的kind adj.和蔼的unusual adj.不寻常的grandson n.孙子violinist n.小提琴手skate v.滑冰，溜冰ice skating 滑冰champion n.冠军tour v.在…旅行the US 美利坚合众国，美国well-known adj.有名的pianist n.钢琴手could modal v.能(can的过去式）hum v.作嗡嗡声，哼唱piece n.幅，篇，首accordion n.手风琴take part(in) 参加…Poland 波兰alive adj.活着的athlete n.运动员because of 因为，由于Asia 亚洲table tennis 乒乓球运动university n.大学major v.主修major in 主修，专研management n.管理number n.号码single n.单打比赛ITTF abbr.国际乒乓球联合会Unit10 中文grow v.生长grow up 成长programmer n.电脑程序设计者computer science 计算机科学engineer n.工程师pilot n.飞行员professional adj.专业的act v.表演move v.移动dream n.梦somewhere adv.在某处exhibition n.展览artist n.艺术家part-time adj.兼职的save v.储蓄at the same time 同时hold v.举行rich adj.富有的travel v.旅行all over 到处retire v.退休yet adv.到此时resolution n.决心instrument n.器具，乐器over prep.超过fax n.传真reader n.读者fit adj.强健的communicate v.交流lady n.女士foreign adj.外国的build v.建造exchange n.& v.交换exchange student 交换生Unit11 中文chore n.杂务dish n.盘do the dishes 洗餐具sweep v.扫除trash n.垃圾take out 取出make one's bed 整理床铺fold v.折叠living room 起居室meeting n.会议work on 从事,忙于hate v.憎恨do chores 干家务laundry n.洗衣店do the laundry 洗衣服snack n.小吃teenager n.青少年borrow v.借invite v.邀请player n.唱机care n.照顾take care of 照看feed v.喂养mine pron.我的（所有物）Unit12 中文radio n.无线电radio station 无线电台comfortable adj舒适的seat n.座位screen n.屏幕close adj.近的service n.服务quality n.品质theater n.剧院cinema n.电影院clothing n.衣服jeans n.(pl.)牛仔裤trendy adj.时髦的teen n.青少年funky adj.时髦的，极好的easy adj.安逸的，自在的FM abbr.（广播）调频AM abbr.（广播）调幅jazz n.爵士乐worse adj.& adv.更坏的worst adj.& adv.最坏的bargain n.特价商品meal n.餐,饭positive adj.积极的negative adj.消极的dull adj.乏味的loud adj.响亮的talent n.天才talent show 才艺表演performer n.演员success n.成功act n.一段表演without prep.无，没有together adv.一起musical adj.音乐的distance n.距离near adj.近的farthest adj.& adv.最远的province n.省份southern adj.南方的still adv.还，仍然lovely adj.美丽的，可爱的northern adj.北方的enough adj.充足的，足够的Units7-12 中文sea n.海洋DJ abbr.音乐节目主持人Los Angeles 洛杉矶central adj.中心的diner n.小饭店,路边小餐馆curry n.咖喱deli n.熟食店leader n.领导者band n.管乐队easy adj.容易的piece n.片brown bread 黑面包forbid v.禁止Forbidden City 故宫camel n.骆驼rat n.老鼠(not)at all 丝毫（也不）cow n.母牛，奶牛seriously adv.严肃地hen n.母鸡lay v.产（卵）规则动词的过去式变化如下：一般情况下，动词词尾加-ed ，如：worked played wanted acted以不发音的-e 结尾动词，动词词尾加-d，如：lived moved decideddeclined hoped judged raisedwiped以辅音字母+ y结尾的动词，把-y变为-i 再加-ed，如：studied tried copied justified criedcarried embodied emptied 以一个辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节动词，双写词尾辅音字母，再加-ed，如：stoppedbegged fretted dragged droppedplanned dotted dripped 注：不规则动词的过去式变化规律性不强，须多加记忆。