化学常用词汇汉英对照表

电子云electron cloud
淀粉starch
淀粉碘化钾试纸starch potassium iodide paper
二氧化氮nitrogen dioxide
二氧化硅silicon dioxide
二氧化硫sulphur dioxide
二氧化锰manganese dioxide
芳香烃arene
放热反应exothermic reaction
官能团functional group
光化学烟雾photochemical fog
过氧化氢hydrogen peroxide
合成材料synthetic material
合成纤维synthetic fiber
合成橡胶synthetic rubber
核电荷数nuclear charge number
核素nuclide
Tin(Sn)锡
Thulium(Tm)铥
Titanium(Ti)钛
Tungsten(W)钨
Uranium(U)铀
Vanadium(V)钒
Xenon(Xe)氙
Ytterbium(Yb)镱
Yttrium(Y)钇
Zinc(Zn)锌
Zirconium(Zr)锆
氨ammonia
氨基酸aminБайду номын сангаас acid
铵盐ammonium salt
氯化氢hydrogen chloride
氯化铁iron (III) chloride
氯水chlorine water
麦芽糖maltose
煤coal
酶enzyme
摩尔mole
摩尔质量molar mass
品红magenta或fuchsine
葡萄糖glucose
气体摩尔体积molar volume of gas
空气污染指数air pollution index
勒夏特列原理Le Chatelier's principle
离子反应ionic reaction
离子方程式ionic equation
离子键ionic bond
锂电池lithium cell
两性氢氧化物amphoteric hydroxide
两性氧化物amphoteric oxide
Dysprosium(Dy)镝
Einsteinium(Es)锿
Erbium(Er)铒
Europium(Eu)铕
Fermium(Fm)镄
Fluorine(F)氟
Francium(Fr)钫
Gadolinium(Gd)钆
Gallium(Ga)镓
Germanium(Ge)锗
Gold(Au)金
Hafnium(Hf)铪
hydrochloric acid盐酸
sulphuric acid硫酸
nitric acid硝酸
aqua fortis王水
fatty acid脂肪酸
organic acid有机酸hydrosulphuric acid氢硫酸
hydrogen sulfide氢化硫
alkali碱,强碱
ammonia氨
base碱
Magnesium(Mg)镁
Manganese(Mn)锰
Mendelevium(Md)钔Mercury(Hg)汞
Molybdenum(Mo)钼
Neodymium(Nd)钕
Neon(Ne)氖
Neptunium(Np)镎
Nickel(Ni)镍
Niobium(Nb)铌
Nitrogen(N)氮
Nobelium(No)锘
Sulphur(S)锍
acetate醋酸盐
methane甲烷,沼气
butane丁烷
salt盐
potassium carbonate碳酸钾
soda苏打
sodium carbonate碳酸钠
caustic potash苛性钾
caustic soda苛性钠
ester酯
gel凝胶体
analysis分解
fractionation分馏
synthesis合成
reversible可逆的
electrolyte电解质
ion离子
anion阴离子
cation阳离子
electron电子
isotope同位素
isomer同分异物现象
polymer聚合物
symbol复合
radical基
structural formula分子式
valence, valency价
化学常用词汇汉英对照表
Actinium(Ac)锕
Aluminium(Al)铝
Americium(Am)镅
Antimony(Sb)锑
Argon(Ar)氩
Arsenic(As)砷
Astatine(At)砹
Barium(Ba)钡
Berkelium(Bk)锫
Beryllium(Be)铍
Bismuth(Bi)铋
endothermic reaction吸热反应
exothermic reaction放热反应
precipitation沉淀
to precipitate沉淀
to distil, to distill蒸馏
distillation蒸馏
to calcine煅烧
to oxidize氧化
alkalinization碱化
flask烧瓶
apparatus设备
PH indicator PH值指示剂,氢离子(浓度的)负指数指示剂
matrass卵形瓶
litmus石蕊
litmus paper石蕊试纸
graduate, graduated flask量筒,量杯
reagent试剂
test tube试管
burette滴定管
retort曲颈甑
Helium(He)氦
Holmium(Ho)钬
Hydrogen(H)氢
Indium(In)铟
Iodine(I)碘
Iridium(Ir)铱
Iron(Fe)铁
Krypton(Kr)氪
Lanthanum(La)镧
Lawrencium(Lr)铹
Lead(Pb)铅
Lithium(Li)锂
Lutetium(Lu)镥
石油Petroleum
水解反应hydrolysis reaction
四氯化碳carbon tetrachloride
塑料plastic
塑料的降解plastic degradation
塑料的老化plastic ageing
酸碱中和滴定acid-base neutralization titration
铅蓄电池lead storage battery
强电解质strong electrolyte
氢氟酸hydrogen chloride
氢氧化铝aluminium hydroxide
取代反应substitution reaction
醛aldehyde
炔烃alkyne
燃料电池fuel cell
弱电解质weak electrolyte
isomerism, isomery同分异物现象
hydrolysis水解
electrolysis电解
electrode电极
anode阳极,正极
cathode阴极,负极
catalyst催化剂
catalysis催化作用
oxidization, oxidation氧化
reducer还原剂
dissolution分解
化学电源chemical power source
化学反应速率chemical reaction rate
化学键chemical bond
化学平衡chemical equilibrium
还原剂reducing agent
磺化反应sulfonation reaction
霍尔槽Hull Cell
极性分子polar molecule
非极性分子non-polar molecule
非极性键non-polar bond
肥皂soap
分馏fractional distillation
酚phenol
复合材料composite
干电池dry cell
干馏dry distillation
甘油glycerol
高分子化合物polymer
共价键covalent bond
to oxygenate, to oxidize脱氧,氧化
to neutralize中和
to hydrogenate氢化
to hydrate水合,水化
to dehydrate脱水
fermentation发酵
solution溶解
combustion燃烧
fusion, melting熔解
alkalinity碱性
同分异构体isomer
同素异形体allotrope
同位素isotope
同系物homo1og
涂料coating
烷烃alkane
物质的量amount of substance
物质的量浓度amount-of-substance concentration of B
monovalent单价
bivalent二价
halogen成盐元素
bond原子的聚合
mixture混合
combination合成作用
compound合成物
alloy合金
organic chemistry有机化学
inorganic chemistry无机化学
derivative衍生物
series系列
acid酸
hydrate水合物
hydroxide氢氧化物,羟化物
hydracid氢酸
hydrocarbon碳氢化合物,羟
anhydride酐
alkaloid生物碱
aldehyde醛
oxide氧化物
phosphate磷酸盐
族group（主族：main group）
Bunsen burner本生灯
product化学反应产物
醋酸钠sodium acetate
蛋白质protein
氮族元素nitrogen group element
碘化钾potassium iodide
碘化钠sodium iodide
电化学腐蚀electrochemical corrosion
电解质electrolyte
电离平衡ionization equilibrium
饱和链烃saturated aliphatic hydrocarbon
苯benzene
变性denaturation
不饱和烃unsaturated hydrocarbon
超导材料superconductive material
臭氧ozone
醇alcohol
次氯酸钾potassium hypochlorite
极性键polar bond
加成反应addition reaction
加聚反应addition polymerization
甲烷methane
碱金属alkali metal
碱石灰soda lime
结构式structural formula
聚合反应po1ymerization
可逆反应reversible reaction
酸雨acid rain
羧酸carboxylic acid
碳酸钠sodium carbonate
碳酸氢铵ammonium bicarbonate
碳酸氢钠sodium bicarbonate
糖类carbohydrate
烃hydrocarbon
烃的衍生物derivative of hydrocarbon
烃基hydrocarbonyl
Radium(Ra)镭
Radon(Rn)氡
Rhenium(Re)铼
Rhodium(Rh)铑
Rubidium(Rb)铷
Ruthenium(Ru)钌
Samarium(Sm)钐
Scandium(Sc)钪
Selenium(Se)硒
Silicon(Si)硅
Silver(Ag)银
Sodium(Na)钠
Strontium(Sr)锶
Osmium(Os)锇
Oxygen(O)氧
Palladium(Pd)钯
Phosphorus(P)磷
Platinum(Pt)铂
Plutonium(Pu)钚
Polonium(Po)钋
Potassium(K)钾
Praseodymium(Pr)镨
Promethium(Pm)钷
Protactinium(Pa)镤
still蒸馏釜
cupel烤钵
crucible pot, melting pot坩埚
compound化合物
atom原子
gram atom克原子量
Tantalum(Ta)钽
Technetium(Tc)锝
Tellurium(Te)碲
Terbium(Tb)铽
Thallium(Tl)铊
Thorium(Th)钍
Boron(B)硼
Bromine(Br)溴
Cadmium(Cd)镉
Caesium(Cs)铯
Calcium(Ca)钙
Californium(Cf)锎
Carbon(C)碳
Cerium(Ce)铈
Chlorine(Cl)氯
Chromium(Cr)铬
Cobalt(Co)钴
Copper(Cu)铜
Curium(Cm)锔
裂化cracking
裂解pyrolysis
硫氰化钾potassium thiocyanate
硫酸钠sodium sulphide
氯化铵ammonium chloride
氯化钡barium chloride
氯化钾potassium chloride
氯化铝aluminium chloride
氯化镁magnesium chloride