雅思基础班写作讲义
雅思基础写作第一讲-适用于开篇课堂
SECTION 3
Assessment Criteria
IELTS 写作新评分标准：
GRA: Grammatical Range and Accuracy （语法范围与精确性)
语言能力
LR:Lexical Resource （词汇资源) CC: Coherence & Cohesion （内容连贯与篇章衔接）
思维能力
TA: Task Achievement(任务完成)--1 TR: Task Response(任务回应)--2
雅思写作 课程设计
组建文章 (话题,思路)
排列 组合
段
强化阶段 句法 词法
连词成句 连句成篇
基础阶段
影响写作成绩的四个错误
错误一：语言绝对化 人们在使用语言描述事物变化时，应尽可能 避免语言过于绝对化，尤其是在使用第二语 言进行正式的书面表述时，更应该注意该语 言中非绝对化表达方式的学习，这样才能尽 显文章内容的客观性，这是绝大多数中国考 生在面对雅思写作时所忽视的 。
错误四：文章没有分段或分段不充分 雅思作文应按照论文的写作格式分段，即有 开头段，结尾段和由两到三段构成的主体段 落。不论是四段式还是五段式，考生只要进 行合理的分段，就能满足考试在逻辑性方面 的要求。
雅思议论文写作谨记六方面
可能超过很多考生的 想象，而且，如果考生在第一段还使用大量恶俗 的模板，还在第一句说with the development of society，那他会发现他的成绩单上的作文得分会 在4分左右。其实，翻翻雅思考官的范文，我们会 发现，考官在第一段只干了两件事情：引出背景+ 表明观点，甚至很多考官只干了第一件事情(引出 背景)，仅此而已。但是，考官的首段会很具体， 会和文章特定场合挂钩。(请参照剑5的165页，以 及剑7的163页)
《雅思写作》课件-2024鲜版
《雅思写作》课件CATALOGUE 目录•雅思写作概述•雅思写作任务类型与技巧•文章结构与段落展开方法•词汇、语法和句式运用指导•观点陈述、论证和批判性思维培养•模拟试题与范文欣赏01雅思写作概述CHAPTER雅思写作考试形式与要求考试形式雅思写作考试分为两部分，第一部分为图表作文（Task 1），第二部分为议论文（Task 2）。
字数要求Task 1要求考生写至少150字，Task2要求考生写至少250字。
时间限制Task 1的建议用时为20分钟，Task 2的建议用时为40分钟。
评分标准及考生常见问题评分标准考生常见问题如何备考雅思写作熟悉考试形式和评分标准积累词汇和句型练习写作请教老师或专业人士02雅思写作任务类型与技巧CHAPTER1 2 3理解图表信息选择重要信息使用适当的语言和结构图表作文写作技巧明确观点提供充分的论据逻辑清晰030201议论文写作技巧混合题型应对策略分别应对识别题型针对不同类型的题目，采用不同的应对策略。
例如，对于包含图表和议论的题目，可以先描述图表，然后提出观点并进行论述。
整合信息03文章结构与段落展开方法CHAPTER引言段写作方法开门见山背景介绍提出疑问论证方法运用举例、对比、因果等论证方法，充分阐述主题句。
主题句每段开头明确主题句，概括该段主要内容。
过渡与衔接使用过渡词和衔接手段，确保段落间逻辑清晰、连贯。
正文段落展开策略结尾段总结技巧重申观点01展望未来02简洁明了0304词汇、语法和句式运用指导CHAPTER高级词汇选用及替换建议使用具体、生动的词汇01避免重复使用同一词汇02注意词汇的准确性和正式程度03复杂句式构造和变换技巧使用从句和复合句变换句子结构注意句子的流畅性和简洁性避免常见语法错误确保主语和谓语在人称和数上保持一致。
注意动词的时态和语态的正确使用，避免混淆。
正确使用标点符号，避免句子结构的混淆和歧义。
例如，避免使用双重否定、注意冠词的正确使用等。
雅思精讲写作班精讲班第1讲讲义
第一章 第一章 写作概述
60 分钟
Task 1 150w G: letter A:graph 1/3
Task 2 250w Essay
2/3
评分标准（四要素作文法）
Task
Grganization
Idea
Language
第二章 第二章 议论文----概述
一、字数、时间 250-300 words 35-40m
As one of the most important inventions of the past century, TV is playing a more and more important role in modern life. However, some people are starting to worry about its negative effects on traditional families. I am convinced that the existence of TV has brought about alienation among family members.
Those who strongly approve of the ban lay too much emphasis on the rights of nonsmokers. They ignore smokers’ rights. Smoking is just a personal hobby and amusement. It is a kind of lifestyle. It is a stress reliever and can bring great pleasure to smokers. Furthermore, for smokers, nothing seems more difficult and painful than giving up the habit.
雅思基础班写作讲义
雅思基础班写作讲义【观点型作文模板】首段部分：一，（背景句）In this day and age, 主题词is advancing at an amazing rate in a host of arenas.二，（观点导入句）As to/ Concerning the issuewhether…or…, people from all walks of life can hardly reach an absolute consensus. whether+ 从句…or not, there exists a fierce controversy among people.三，主旨句讨论①If it is up to me, my objective analyses for their views will be based on the following parts.②Personally, I think that both of their views have reasonable/rational exposition.单边讨论①For my part, the boons brought by far outweigh its bane. (事物)②Personally, I think that their view has both merit and demerit. （观点）纯倾向①As I see it, my view will be identical with the advocates'/objectors'.②Personally, I am inclined to the advocates'/objectors' view.主体部分：讨论A（第二段）The advocates hold a view that 正面观点，based on the following reasons. To begin with, 理由一；拓展2-3句话Additionally, 理由二；拓展1-2句话Lastly, 理由二；拓展1-2句话讨论B（第三段）The objectors,however, argue that 反面观点, with the following supporting reasons.In the first place, 理由一；拓展2-3句话In the second place, 理由二；拓展1-2句话In the third place, 理由二；拓展1-2句话单边讨论型第二段Admittedly, 话题can bring about numerous benefits to us.In the first place, 理由一；拓展2-3句话In the second place, 理由二；拓展1-2句话In the third place, 理由二；拓展1-2句话Undeniably，doubtless to say,单边讨论型第三段However, it would be erroneous if we failed to acknowledge its drawbacks. On one hand, 理由一；拓展1-3句话On the other hand, 理由二；拓展1-3句话纯倾向（第二段） First and foremost, no one can fail to take into account that +句子（理由一）拓展 3-4句话纯倾向（第三段） In addition, it goes without saying that + 句子（理由二）拓展 3-4句话纯倾向（第四段） Last but not least, there is no denying the fact that +句子（理由三）拓展 3-4句话结尾部分：单边（倾向）To conclude, I concede that we can profit from the advantages of …… immensely. Yet, we should not neglect its disadvantages. On balance, we should seek out the most effective approach to make full use of its advantages and avoid its disadvantages. Ignore, lose sight of ...双边In a nutshell, we can draw a conclusion that both their views have reasonable exposition/elaboration. As far as I am concerned, I am inclined to …, but I will not concede that ….纯单边Taking all the reasons into consideration, all the evidence lends the strongest support to my convincing conclusion that +句子（结论）救命结尾模板：To put all into one nutshell,there is no rose without thorns, has no exception.Whether it is ablessing or a curse is dependent on how moderately or appropriately we employ . What we should do is to figure out the balance between them, bringing its strengths into full play and diminishing its weaknesses into least extent.★模板不是千篇一律的，要活用模板！很多观点型作文模板可以相互套用！【现象问题型模板】首段部分：一，背景句In this day and age, 主题词is advancing at a staggering rate in a host of arenas. 二，导入问题，现象句It has been cast into sharp focus that + 句子 . 三，说明句vexing/perplexing problem confronting the modern people. acute/severe/grave/serious This has become a(n)thorny/buring/pressingprominent/striking/noticeableConfront sb with sth, sb confront sth主体部分：分析原因（第二段）As I see it, there are some causes to explain such a phenomenon as the followed.（分析原因，过渡句）【或者】From my own perspective, the causes leading to 现象are manifold/diverse/twofold.First and foremost, 原因一mainly contribute(s) to the phenomenon of ……. （分论点1）拓展部分What's worse/more, we partly attribute the problem of现象to 原因二. （分论点2）拓展部分Lastly, 原因三is also the culprit of the phenomenon of …（分论点3）拓展部分分析后果（第二段）As I see it, 现象、问题perhaps will breed/generate several consequences/effects as the following parts.（主题句1）【或者】From my own perspective, if such a phenomenon is not appropriately disposed of, many problems/dangers/perils/hazards will ensue.In the first place, the phenomenon of ……will mainly spawn the 后果一. （分论点1）拓展部分In the second place, the phenomenon of ……will contribute to 后果二. （分论点2）拓展部分In the final place, the phenomenon of ……will engender 后果三. （分论点3）拓展部分解决措施（第三段）Given the severity of such a problem, we should adopt effective measures without any delay to eliminate the problem as the followed.（主题句2）【或者】With a view to solving such a problem, we have no alternative but to take immediatemeasures as the followed.On one hand, 措施一（分论点1）拓展部分On the other hand, 措施二（分论点2）拓展部分救命结尾措施模板：To walk out of such difficult situation, we have no alternative but to adopt immediate measures to eliminate the serious problem. What the government or authorities concerned should do is to 政府措施. Meanwhile, as an individual, we should 个人措施.【范文1】Nowadays, impacts energy fuels, such as petrol, natural gas and coal, exert on the development of human society are profound on a large scale.(背景句) It has been cast into sharp relief that the development of human society is increasingly demanding for energy fuels.（话题导入句）As I see it, such a phenomenon will breed three main consequences as the followed. (主旨句)In the first place, such a phenomenon may give rise to the rampantover-exploitation of energy fuels.(后果一) More often than not, human society is developing by leaps and bounds with the large depletion of natural energies. Obviously, the surging demand for natural resources will definitely lead to the increasing prices of natural resources. Hence, a growing number of people will over-exploitate these resources for the sake of maximum profits.In the second place, the phenomenon of increasing consumption of energy resources will engender a large quantity of pollutants.（后果二）For example, the process of refining the energy fuels: petroleum, will emit a huge amount of fumes, which include carbon dioxide and sulfur dioxide. Particularly, the sulfur dioxide is the culprit of acid rain which may devastate the forest and crops. Thus, it will exert a negative influence on environment.In the final place, such a phenomenon will generate the regional conflicts.（后果三）Since the energy fuel is limited, more people or nations will be involved in potential conflicts for the precious resources. So, regional confrontations are inevitable.To walk out of this difficult situation, some effective and feasible measures should be adopted without any delay. What the authorities must do is to pass laws and regulation to alleviate the surging demand for energy fuels. And meanwhile, individuals should spare no efforts to economize the use of energy fuels.[314 words]【或者结尾】Given the severity of such a problem, we should adopt immediate measures without anydelay to eliminate the problem as the followed. On one hand, international society and authorities concerned should make joint efforts to alleviate the surging demand for energy fuels.On the other hand, as an individual, we should spare no efforts to economize the use of energyfuels.【范文2】In present-day society, advertisement industry is advancing by leaps and bounds in a host of arenas(背景句). It has to be admitted that there exists a fierce controversy among people as to the issue whether we can get benefits from the ban of all forms of advertisements or not（观点导入句）. For my part, the advantages brought by advertisings far out weigh its drawbacks.（主旨句）.Admittedly, advertisements have some disadvantages in our society.（主题句①）. On one hand, advertisement is annoying(理由①). Internet is always awash with Spam which is disturbing our surfing internet. Besides, TV programs are often interrupted by a sudden advent of advertisements. So it is annoying for us. On the other hand, some advertisements provide some misleading and distorted information to the audience(理由②). For example, some advertisements have exaggerated the products, which cheat the consumers misled by the advertisements. This has infringed on the rights of consumers. Hence, it is proper to ban some irritating and fraudulent advertisements.However, it would be erroneous if we failed to acknowledge advertisements' advantages.（主题句②）. In the first place, advertisements will create a win-win situation to both manufacturers and consumers(理由①). In fact, some consumers demand for a specific commodity, but they are notinformed about which product is suitable for them. Meanwhile, some manufacturers will sell their products but no one knows their products. Under such a circumstance, can advertisement help manufacturer to publicize their commodities and give information to consumers which product can be purchased. In the second place, some non-commercial advertisement is serving for social welfares(理由②). For example, somenon-commercial advertisements educate the public to be aware of the importance of charity or environment protection. In the final place, advertisement is one of the most pervasive industries(理由③). It will contribute a vast amount of money to people and support the huge industry of media. Without advertisement, most of forms media will soon disappear. Thereby, it is not convincing to prohibit all kinds of advertisements.To conclude, I concede that some advertisements serve no useful purpose, or even misleading information in various media, yet we should not neglect the blessings brought by advertisements. As far I am concerned, the ban of all forms of advertisement should be prudent(总结个人看法). On balance, we should seek out the most effective method to make full use of the benefits of advertisements and avoid their drawbacks as possible.【或者结尾】To put all into one nutshell, there is no rose without thorns, advertisements have no exception. Whether it is a blessing or a curse is dependent on how moderately or appropriately we employ them. What we should do is to figure out a rational balance between them, bringing its strengths into full play and diminishing its weaknesses to the least extent.【范文3】In this day and age, technology is revolutionizing the way that we live, and especially communicate. (背景句) Concerning the issue whether e-mail will completely replace the letter-writing or not, people from all walks of lives can hardly reach an absolute consensus.(导入观点句) Some people think that new technology, such ase-mail, will eliminate the letter-writing gradually, while some others say that letter-writing will be retained in future. (提出正反两个观点) Personally, my objective analyses for their views will be given as the followed.(主旨句)Now that e-mail brings about numerous strengths to our communication, the advocates hold their view based on the following cogent reasons.(主题句①：正方观点) First and foremost, using e-mail can augment the working efficiency during the process of going about daily routines.(理由①) For example, it usually takes at least a week to send a letter from China to the U.K, but sending an e-mail is always simultaneous and instant with receiving e-mail in different places of the globe. So, using e-mail is time-saving and efficient. Furthermore, the security of using e-mail can be assured on a large scale. (理由②) Compared with letter-writing, sending an e-mail is processed in the digital programs, not by various means of transportations: ship, plane and car. Lastly, using e-mail is cost-effective. (理由③) In China, it costs at least 1yuan (about 10 pence of the U.K) to send a postcard, but it almost free to send an e-mail to one of your friends. Obviously, using e-mail is money-saving. However, given that letter-writing has its own advantages, the objectors hold such a viewpoint grounded as the following reasons.(主题句②反方观点) In the first place, business letters are very formal paper documents that need to be kept in archives.(理由①) As a case in point, business contracts should be sent。
雅思写作基础讲义
雅思常用词组1be conducive to 对，，，，有好处的 (be beneficial to)All the above merits are conducive to their self-betterment and self-realisation.2 be detrimental to 对，，，，有害的Besides, staying in front of the computer too long will be detrimental to children’s health，particularly the eyesight. In particular3 pose threat to 对，，，，构成威胁If criminals are set free, they will pose threat to the safety of average citizens. (普通公民)4 nothing seems more,,,, than sth. 没有东西比，，，更，，，，For smokers, nothing seems more difficult than giving up the habit.5 lay too much emphasis on 太强调Those who are strongly against the practice lay too much emphasis on the right of animals.6 there is no evidence showing the direct link between A and B没有证据显示了A和B之间的直接联系。
There is no evidence showing the direct link between smoking and some seriousdiseases.7there is a clear link between A and B 有一个显然的联系It is well known that there is a clear link between smoking and some kinds ofserious diseases.8give priority to sth 给，，，，优先权We should give priority to the development of public transportation.9have easy and quick access to sth 容易快速的接触到With the Internet, we have easy and quick access to the latest information worldwide. 10attach greater importance to 更重视After analyzing the causes and effects of juvenile delinquency, we may easily draw a conclusion that we have to attach greater importance to the problem.11be of overriding importance 某事极其重要We must recognize that the cultivation of children’s high moral values is of overriding importance.12a glut of sth 过量的某物We are confronted with a glut of violent films.13 be saturated with sth 充斥着，，，，A considerable proportion of Hollywood blockbusters are saturated with pornography and violence.14lose sight of sth 不重视某事Some companies lose sight of the environmental rules and regulations in pursuing maximum profit.15be more vulnerable to something 更容易成为，，，的受害者The youngsters are more vulnerable to pornographic TV programs.16impel sb to do sth 促使某人做某事。
《基础雅思写作》课件
加强实际应用和实践
学生可以在实际生活和学习中多加运用英语写作 ，提高实际应用能力。
THANKS
感谢观看
结尾段
简明扼要地提出主题，引起读者兴趣 。
总结全文，回应开头，给出结论或建 议。
主体段
详细阐述观点，提供证据或例子支持 。
句
长句与短句
表达简洁，避免冗长复 杂句。
使用从句、并列句等结 构丰富句子层次。
用逗号或并列连词连接 两个或多个简单句。
根据需要交替使用，增 强文章节奏感。
语言丰富性
考生使用词汇和语法的多样性
02
雅思写作技巧
写作流程
构思
在脑中形成文章的大致框架和 要点。
撰写
根据草拟的提纲，展开段落， 完成全文。
审题
仔细阅读题目，明确写作要求 和主题。
草拟
在纸上写出文章的提纲和主要 观点。
检查与修改
通读全文，检查语法、拼写错 误，调整句子结构和用词。
段落组织
开头段
《基础雅思写作》ppt课件
contents
目录
• 雅思写作简介 • 雅思写作技巧 • 雅思写作题型解析 • 雅思写作常见问题及解决方案 • 雅思写作练习与模拟题 • 总结与展望
01
雅思写作简介
雅思写作考试目的
评估考生在学术英语 环境下的写作能力
为考生进入更高层次 的学习提供证明
检测考生是否具备在 英语国家攻读本科及 以上学位所需的写作 技能
雅思写作考试形式
考试时长：1小时 考试题型：图表说明、议论文、书信等
写作任务：考生需完成两篇作文，第一篇为图表说明，第二篇为议论文或书信
雅思基础写作教学课件
It is sometimes argued that high school students should be made to do some work in their local communities. In my opinion, it would be wrong to force teenagers to do any kind of unsalaried work.
Opinion
Some people believe that unpaid community service should be a compulsory part of high school programmes. To what extent do you agree or disagree? Plan: Topic-community service for all teenagers
Opinion
Some people believe that unpaid community service should be a compulsory part of high school programmes. To what extent do you agree or disagree? Plan: Topic-community service for all teenagers
Discussion
Some people think that it is more effective for students to study in groups, while others believe that it is better for them to study alone. Discuss both views and give your own opinion.
基础雅思写作.(课堂PPT)
7
➢回应写作任务过程 中始终呈现一个清晰
晰的行文推进发 展贯穿全文
的观点
➢恰当地使用一
➢呈现、发展主要论 点并就其进行论证， 但有时出现过于一概
系列衔接手段， 尽管有时使用不 足或过多
及准确性
➢多数句子准确无误
➢对一使语定用体认不及识常搭见配词有汇，➢握少对较许语好错法，误及但标有点时符出号现掌
➢在选择用词、拼
1. 雅思写作Task 2 评分标准（7,6,5）
Band Task Response
Coherence and Cohesion
Lexical Resource
Grammatical Range and Accuracy
➢addresses all
➢logically organises ➢uses a sufficient ➢uses a variety of
写及/或构词方面
而论的倾向及/或论 ➢每个段落均有 可能偶尔出现错
点缺乏重点的倾向 一个清晰的中心 误
主题
Band Task Response
Coherence and Cohesion
Lexical Resource
Grammatical Range and Accuracy
➢addresses all parts ➢arranges
作任务，但某些部 点，总体来说，能清 词汇开展写作 与复杂句式
分的论证可能比其 他部分更为充分
晰地推进行文发展 任务 ➢有效地使用衔接手段，➢试图使用不
➢在语法及标点符号 方面有一些错误，但
➢提出了一个切题 但句内及/或句间的衔 常用词汇，但 这些错误很少影响交
的观点，尽管各种 接有时有误或过于机 有时使用不准 流
雅思 考虫 基础 写作 讲义
雅思考虫基础写作讲义1. 雅思考试概述雅思考试是国际英语测试系统（International English Language Testing System）的简称，是全球范围内用于评估非英语国家学生英语能力的一项标准化测试。
该考试分为雅思学术考试和雅思普通考试，学术考试主要用于申请留学，而普通考试主要用于移民和就业。
雅思考试由剑桥大学、英国文化协会和澳大利亚考试委员会联合主办，被许多国家和组织所认可。
2. 如何备考雅思写作在备考雅思写作时，了解考试要求和技巧是至关重要的。
其中，考虫（Kaochong）的雅思写作讲义可以被认为是备考雅思写作的“基石”，提供了系统且全面的备考内容。
该讲义从写作基础到高级写作技巧都有涉及，对于备考考生而言是一份非常宝贵的资料。
下面将对考虫的雅思写作讲义进行深入解读。
3. 考虫雅思写作讲义的基础部分考虫的雅思写作讲义首先从写作的基本结构开始介绍，包括如何组织思路、如何构建段落、如何展开论述等内容。
这一部分内容对于初学者来说尤为重要，因为一个清晰、有逻辑、结构合理的作文是取得高分的基础。
在这部分内容中，考虫提到了写作的基础知识，例如主题句、论点、论据和结论等。
这些基础知识的掌握，可以帮助考生在写作时更加得心应手，写出结构清晰、逻辑严谨的文章。
4. 关于写作技巧的讲解在讲义的第二部分，考虫详细介绍了写作的技巧，包括如何使用丰富的词汇和句型、如何进行论证和举例、如何进行逻辑推理等。
这一部分内容的掌握可以让考生的文章更加生动、具有说服力，同时也可以提高文章的语言表达水平。
考虫还介绍了一些常用的写作模板和句型，这些模板和句型的掌握可以帮助考生提高写作效率，同时也可以提高写作的质量。
5. 个人观点和总结通过对考虫的雅思写作讲义的深入解读，我深刻认识到了写作在雅思考试中的重要性。
考虫提供的讲义内容全面、系统，既包括了写作的基础知识，也包括了高级写作技巧，对于备考考生而言是一份难得的宝藏。
雅思写作第一节课课堂讲义
雅思写作第一节课课堂讲义Unit 1 雅思IELTS 考试写作简介雅思考试写作部分在听力和阅读后进行，由两部分组成，TASK1和TASK2。
要求考生在60分钟内完成两篇文章的写作。
普通培训类和学术类考生在写作的考试内容上有一些区别。
两类写作TASK2题目类型基本相同，考试的结构和要求也大体相同，要求在40分钟完成250字左右的议论文。
类似英美国家学校里任课教师布置的课堂讨论作文。
一般要求考生根据自己的知识和经验就一个现象阐明自己的态度和见解，或就一个观点发表自己赞同或反对的观点。
学术类写作TASK 1（ACADEMIC TRAINING MODULE）要求考生对题目中给出的各类图表加以观察和分析，并根据已知的图表和资料写一篇不少于150字的小短文。
考得较多的有曲线图、柱状图、饼状图、表格、饼图等。
也有可能考到两种不同种类的图。
另外，流程图和示意图也偶尔考到。
时间20分钟。
普通培训类写作TASK1（GENERAL TRAINING MODULE）则要求考生就某个假设的场景写一封信. 到目前为止，出现较多的书信种类有投诉信、请求信、建议信、寻找失物信、邀请信等。
20分钟内完成150个字的文章。
总之，就题目的难度而言，GENERAL TRAINING MODULE 普通类写作比ACADEMIC TRAINING MODULE学术类写作稍微简单一些。
评分标准The examiner reads your answer and awards band score of between 1(did not answer the question) and 9 (native speaker-like ) according to these criteria: ? 1.T ask Response (i.e. how fully and appropriately the candidate has answered all parts of the task; the extent to which the candidate's ideas are relevant, developed and supported; the extent to which the candidate's position isclear and effective)2.Coherence and Cohesion (i.e. how well the information and ideas are organized and presented i.e. paragraphing; how well the information is linked) ?3.Lexical Resource (i.e. the range of vocabulary used, how accurately it is used and how appropriate it is for the task)4.Grammatical Range and Accuracy (i.e. the range of structures used, how accurately they are used and how appropriate they are for the task)The band scores are then added together divided by 3 and rounded to determine your band score for this task.Writing Overall Band = 1 / 3* Task1 + 2 / 3*Task2For example: Task1 =6Task2 =7Overall Band = 1 / 3* 6 + 2 / 3*7= 6.5Unit 2 曲线图1.描述上升的单词increase rise grow go up词汇升级：creep up ≤10edge up 10 ease up 20boom 30 surge 45 soar 60 swell 70 escalate 80 rocket 902．描述下降的单词decrease drop decline fall go down词汇升级：creep down ≤10edge down 10 ease down 20ebb 30 subside 45 slump 60 collapse 70 plunge 80 plummet 903．描述波动的单词fluctuate --- fluctuation go up and down rise and fall例：Sales of Computers 1995There was a slight growth in the sales of computers from Jan to Feb. However, they increased dramatically to a peak in the next month. After that, there was a downward trend in sales between Mar and Aug, which leveled off by the end of Dec.Task 1每部分的结构:例题分析example 1WRITING TASK 1You should spend about 20 minutes on this taskThe graph below shows the number of passengers in a London underground station at different times of the day.Summarize the information by selecting and reporting themain features and make comparisons where relevant.You should write at least 150 words.Number of passengers at a London underground stationThe line graph illustrates the fluctuation in the number of people at a London underground station over the course of a day.开头段三种万能方法：①改单词②换句型③加信息The busiest time of the day is in the morning. There is a sharp increase between 06:00 and 08:00, with 400 people using the station at 8 o'clock. After this the numbers drop quickly to less than 200 at 10 o'clock. Between 11 am and 2 pm the number rises, with a plateau of just under 300 people using the station.In the afternoon, numbers decline, with less than 100 using the station at 4 pm. There is then a rapid rise to a peak of 380 at 6 pm. After 7 pm, numbers fall significantly, with only a slight increase again at 8pm, tailing off after 9 pm.Overall, the graph shows that the station is most crowded in the early morning (around 08:00) and early evening (around 18:00) periods.例题分析2:Sample 2WRITING TASK 1---“例2”You should spend about 20 minutes on this taskThe graph below shows the annual amount of fish caught in North America from 1972 to 2000.Summarize the information by selecting and reporting the main features and make comparisons where relevant.You should write at least 150 words.line graph with two linesThe graph reveals changes in fish catches for the US and Canada over the last 30 years.Between 1975 and 1981, US fish catches averaged between 2.5 and 2.75 million tons per year, while Canadian landings fluctuated between 600,000 and 900,000 tons. …In 1981, however, there was a significant increase in fish caught in the US, and this rise continued and peaked at 5.6 million tons in 1991. During the same period, Canada's catch went up from 1 million tons to 1.6 million tons, a growth of over 50%.From 1991 onwards, a sudden decline in fish catching was reported in both countries. US figures plummeted to 4 million tons in 2001, a drop of 28%, and Canadian catches plunged to 0.5 million tons, a decrease of 66%. In the following four years, US catches remained stable at 4 million tons, while Canadian catches rose and fell around the 0.5 million tons mark.In general, fish catches have declined drastically in both the US and Canada since the early 1990s. Although Canadian production was much lower, it echoed US figures, declining or increasing at thesame rate.习题③You should spend about 20 minutes on this taskThe graph below shows the consumption of fish and some different kinds of meat in a European country between 1979 and 2004.Summarize the information by selecting and reporting the main features and make comparisons where relevant.You should write at least 150 words.The line chart illustrates changes in the amounts of beef, lamb, chicken and fish consumed in a particular European country between 1979 and 2004.In 1979 beef was by far the most popular of these foods, with about 225 grams consumed per person per week. Lamb andchicken were eaten in similar quantities (around 150 grams), while much less fish was consumed (just over 50 grams) However, during this 25-year period the consumption of beef and lamb fell dramatically to approximately 100 grams and 55 grams respectively. The consumption of fish also declined, but much less significantly to just below 50 grams, so although it remained the least popular food, consumption levels were the most stable.The consumption of chicken, on the other hand, showed an upward trend, overtaking that of lamb in 1980 and that of beef in 1989. By 2004 it had soared to almost 250 grams per person per week.Overall, the graph shows how the consumption of chicken increased dramatically while the popularity of these other foods decreasedover the period.★考试高分必备表 3——Phrase。
《基础雅思写作》课程教学大纲
基础雅思写作》课程教学大纲课程名称：基础雅思写作英文名称：IELTS Foundation Writing课程编码：总学时：56 实验学时：0 学分：3.5适用对象：国际教育学院中荷项目本科一年级学生先修课程：高中英语大纲主撰人：杜彦强大纲审核人：付曼一、课程性质、目的和任务1. 课程性质：《基础雅思写作》是为我校中外合作办学项目本科生一年级开设的一门主要的英语技能专业必修课，是高中阶段英语写作的继续，是一门综合性很强的应用型课程。
2. 目的：在巩固现阶段写作技能的基础上，学生通过英语写作基本理论的学习，进一步提升他们的英语写作能力，使之从初级阶段的句子和段落过渡到本科阶段的整篇文章的撰写。
3. 任务：经过严谨的写作训练，掌握实用文体，即信件的写作方法，以及图表类作文的写作方法，提高学生的整体英文写作水平，帮助有意赴荷兰等国家留学的同学在雅思考试的写作部分取得6 分以上的良好成绩。
二、教学内容及要求1．课程教学的基本要求通过本课程的教学，逐渐提高学生的观察、思维和运用英语的能力。
要求学生掌握书信以及图表类的基本格式和手法以及在应用文写作和图表类写作中的常用词汇、常用表达法及各种注意事项，力求做到书写符合体裁的要求，用词表达准确、文章规范。
通过讲授英文文体和体裁的写作基本知识和技巧，特别强调进行大量的写作实践，要求学生较好地掌握英文写作的基本原理、表现手法和写作技能，能用英语写出投诉信、感谢信、邀请函等日常应用文以及雅思考试图表类的文章2．教学大纲内容、教学时间和顺序教学内容及学时分配如下：1) 雅思写作概述 2 学时2) 雅思写作基本语法概述8 学时3) 雅思写作培训类信件写作14 学时投诉信、感谢信、道歉信、咨询信、求助信、建议信、求职申请信、邀请信4) 雅思图表类作文写作：32 学时线状图、柱状图、表格、饼状图、示意图、复合图表具体教学内容安排：第一章雅思写作概述授课学时：2基本要求：第1节第2节第3节重点：雅思写作介绍雅思写作评分标准雅思写作步骤明确雅思写作的类型与特点难点：雅思写作的基本要求第二章雅思写作基本语法概述授课学时：8 基本要求：第1 节雅思写作基本句式第2 节雅思句子的种类第3 节长句的分析和写作第4 节非谓语动词重点：句子的基本写作及扩充难点：长难句和非谓语动词第三章雅思写作培训类信件写作总授课学时：14第1节投诉信( letter of complaint) 授课学时：2基本要求：投诉信的写作要点和注意事项投诉信常用表达方式投诉信的例文分析学生作文分析重点：常用表达方式难点：同伴评价作文，分析同学作文中出现的问题，并提出修改方案第2节感谢信 (thank-you letter )授课学时：2基本要求：感谢信的写作要点和注意事项感谢信常用表达方式感谢信的例文分析学生作文分析重点：常用表达方式难点：同伴评价作文，分析同学作文中出现的问题，并提出修改方案第3 节道歉信( letter of apologizing)授课学时：2基本要求：道歉信的写作要点和注意事项道歉信常用表达方式道歉信的例文分析学生作文分析重点：常用表达方式难点：同伴评价作文，分析同学作文中出现的问题，并提出修改方案第4 节咨询信( letter of inquiry )授课学时：2基本要求：咨询信的写作要点和注意事项咨询信常用表达方式咨询信的例文分析学生作文分析重点：常用表达方式难点：同伴评价作文，分析同学作文中出现的问题，并提出修改方案第5 节求助信( letter of request)授课学时：2基本要求：求助信的写作要点和注意事项求助信常用表达方式求助信的例文分析学生作文分析重点：常用表达方式难点：同伴评价作文，分析同学作文中出现的问题，并提出修改方案第6 节建议信( letter of suggestion ) 授课学时：2 基本要求：建议信的写作要点和注意事项建议信常用表达方式建议信的例文分析学生作文分析重点：常用表达方式难点：同伴评价作文，分析同学作文中出现的问题，并提出修改方案第7 节申请信授课学时：2 基本要求：申请信的写作要点和注意事项申请信常用表达方式申请信的例文分析学生作文分析重点：常用表达方式难点：同伴评价作文，分析同学作文中出现的问题，并提出修改方案第四章雅思图表类作文写作总授课学时：32 第1 节概述授课学时：2基本要求写作字数和时间的要求写作内容要求图表作文评分标准图表作文写作原则图表作文结构重点：作文结构、评分标准难点：图表作文写作原则第2 节线状图（line/curve graph）授课学时：4 基本要求描述趋势变化常用词汇例文分析单条曲线的描述多条曲线的描述练习讲解重点：学生作文分析难点：图表信息的客观描述课外项目：调查研究（绘图并撰写曲线图报告）第3 节柱状图（bar/column chart）授课学时：4 基本要求描述柱状图的常用词汇例文分析练习讲解重点：学生作文分析难点：图表信息的客观描述课外项目：调查研究（绘图并撰写柱状图报告）第4 节表格（table）授课学时：4基本要求描述表格的常用词汇例文分析练习讲解重点：学生作文分析难点：图表信息的客观描述课外项目：调查研究(绘图并撰写表格报告)第5 节饼状图( pie chart) 授课学时：4 基本要求描述饼状图的常用词汇例文分析练习讲解重点：学生作文分析难点：图表信息的客观描述课外项目：调查研究(绘图并撰写饼状图报告)第6 节示意图( diagrams) 授课学时：4 基本要求描述示意图的常用词汇例文分析练习讲解重点：学生作文分析难点：图表信息的客观描述课外项目：调查研究(绘图并撰写示意图报告)第7 节复合图表( mix of diagrams ) 授课学时：4基本要求描述示意图的常用词汇例文分析练习讲解重点：学生作文分析难点：图表信息的客观描述课外项目：调查研究（绘图并撰写复合图表报告）第8 节图表类作文写作复习授课学时：2三、学时分配课程总学时为56，理论学时56。
雅思基础写作第一课
雅思基础写作第⼀课雅思基础写作第⼀课1.经常做运动会提⾼⼈的⾃信（self-confidence)Regular exercise can increase one's self-confidence.2.依赖计算器会影响⼈的⼼算能⼒（calculator/ mental arithmetic）Relying heavily on calculators will have a negative impact on mental arithmetic.3.很多⼥孩都不愿意在男⼈居多的⾏业⾥（male-dominated world）找⼯作Many girls are not willing to seek employment in a male-dominated world.4.家长和⽼师应该努⼒去减少⼩孩看电视的时间。
（make an effort to）Parents and teachers should make an effort to limit children’s screen time.5.艺术不属于学校的主科。
(core subject)The arts are not among core subject areas at school.6.农村的失业问题在某种程度上可以通过城乡转移（rural-to-urban shift）解决。
Unemployment in rural areas can be addressed partially by the rural-to-urban shift.7.⼴告能诠释已给商品，这使得家长们能更全⾯的了解商品。
Advertisements have given a lot of information about products, which can help parents to make well-informed buying decisions.8.有⼀些孩⼦对暴⼒游戏上瘾，因此，他们会变得很激进还会欺负其他的学校的同龄学⽣。
雅思基础写作第一讲解析【优质PPT】
❖ 2. Some people believe that those who are not talented in language learning should not be required to learn a foreign language. What is your opinion?
TA: Task Achievement(任务完成)--1
2021/10/10 TR: Task Response(任务回应)--2
16
Task 2议论文评分标准：
Arguments, Ideas and Evidence(论证，论 点和论据)；
Communicative Quality(交流质量)；
3
❖ Newspapers have an enormous influence on people’s opinions and ideas. Why is this the case and do you think it is a positive or a negative situation? 2009年3月5日
❖ Some people think music plays an important role in society. Others think it is it is simply a form of entertainment. Discuss both sides of this argument and give your own opinion. 2009年3月7日
❖ More and more children are putting on more
weight than ever before. What are the causes of
雅思写作大作文专用讲义
第一讲雅思写作考试对中国考生的四个难点(Chapter 1: The Four Hurdles in IELTS Writing Test)难点一: Academic Writing 学术类写作问题的特殊要求(改错练习) 1. Since private companies don't care much about the public interests, so the government has a significant role to play in scientific research. (不能缩写)2. Why these travellers damage the environment should be analyzed. (英式美式拼法不能混用)3. We must do our best(utmost) to protect (preserve) animals. (词汇用法太嫩)4. It is clear (manifest) that pornographic shows do harm to (undermine, endanger, jeopardy) the lives of lots of youngster (adolescent).词汇,专有特定的修饰5. Nowadays (In present-day society), human beings face big challenges in many areas.6. In these day and age, many companies have replaced telephone with internet.7. We are confronted with many environmental problems. They are becoming more and more serious. (句式,语法)8. The traffic problem is becoming worse. We must work together to solve it.(句子结构)9. So individuals, communities and the government all must work hard tofight crime! (不应该带感情色彩)10. We must be friendly to other because the Bible said, "Treat your neighbors as you would like to be treated." (文化背景,圣经不可用)难点二: No specific topic pool. 题库大,没有公开,而且题目变化多.对策:掌握思考素材的四种方法对策: 雅思写作"语法的七宗罪"改错练习1. Employee can benefit more from telecommuting than employee. (n.可数不可数)2.1 Work at home using modern technology can greatly enhance our efficiency. (v.原型不可做主语)2.2 Children who are raise in impoverished families can generally deal with problems more effectively in their adult years. (被动语态)Poor children can face problems when they grow up.2.3 The problems that are created by environmental contamination is very hard to resolve. (主谓一致)2.4 In present-day society, cultures were becoming very similar. (时态)3. Intelligent students should not be treated different by their teachers. 副词4.1 Countries should pay attention on the disadvantages globalization may create. 介词4.2 The Internet has instead of teachers in many classrooms.5. Some parents do not obey traffic rules himself.6. These old buildings should be destroyed, new buildings must be constructed. 逗号7. These are a great many children think the main purpose of education should be to afford them pleasure and enjoyment.补充材料IELTS 作文复杂句的七种内部关系(Seven possible relationships Underlying a complex sentence)Cause and effect因果关系标志词1)表示原因的because, as, since, due to, owing to (画横线的连接词请重点掌握)2)表示结果的hence(因此),thus(因此),therefore(因此),As a consequence,…(作为结果)Accordingly…(相应的),As a result…(作为结果)Consequently…(作为结果) so…that…(如此…以致…)E.g. The ecological problems are being aggravated. Hence, it is imperative that we take measures to curb the pollution of the environment. 生态系统正在急剧的恶化,因此,我们必须采取严厉的措施遏制对环境的污染.Exemplification 举例关系标志词…is a case in point.(某人或某事是一个恰当的例子.)Take…for example.(以…为例) for instance. (比如…) To Illustrate…(例如…) As an illustration…(作为例证…)e.g. The Asian countries are getting westernized at a staggering rate. TakeChina for example, when youngsters go to the movies, it is standard practice for them to choose Hollywood blockbuster over domestic films. 亚洲国家正以一种惊人的速度变得西方化,以中国为例,当年轻人去电影院的时候,通常都会选择好莱坞大片而不是中国电影. Comparison and contrast 对比关系标志词While …,whereas…,whilst…,in contraste.g. Whereas/ while modern man is so rushed and so stressed, our ancestors could oftenperform their business in a relaxed manner.(对比)现代人的生活是如此的奔忙与紧X,而我们的祖先却可以不慌不忙的从事他们的事务.e.g. The educational and medical facilities in big cities are mostly very advanced. In contrast, their counterparts in the country tend to be of inferior quality.Concession 让步关系标志词Despite /in spite of …(后面只能跟名词名词词组或者动名词)(尽管有…),albeit…(尽管,后面只能跟形容词或者介词短语), 形容词+as it may be…(尽管,前面只能加形容词),Nonetheless/Nevertheless,(尽管如此)e.g. 1 Tough as it may be to get accustomed to a new culture, it will prove very rewarding.尽管适应新的文化可能很难,但这会被证明是很值得的.2 Rote Learning is at times necessary, albeit monotonous.死记硬背有时候是必要的,尽管很枯燥和机械.3The government plays a crucial role in scientific research, Nonetheless, private companies hold certain advantages in conducting scientific research.Definition 下定义关系标志词A is best characterized by…( A 最明显的特征是…),A constitutes…(A 构成…) A means…, A consists of …(A 由…组成).e.g. A fine journalist is best characterized by discipline, determination and keen observations.一个好的记者最重要的特点是自律,毅力和敏锐的观察.Animal experimentation, in some cases, constitutes callous abuse of test animals.Supposition假设论证, 标志词provided that…(如果) given the choice…(如果可以选择的话…)only if…(只有…)as long as…(只要) if…, suppose that…e.g. Provided that we can minimize the pain of test animals, animal experimentation should be continued.e.g. Given the choice, many people would live in big cities rather than the countryside.Modification 修饰关系标志词that, which, whoIn this day age, we have a proliferation of buildings that look exactly likethe buildings our ancestors built.Today, teenage students are under increasingly severe stress in their studies, which has disturbed and alarmed many adults.补充资料IELTS 写作考试的常用模板和句型进步类1) In contemporary society, the human race is advancing at an unprecedented rate in a multitude of arenas.=in many fields. 在当今社会,人类正以前所未有的速度在很多领域向前发展.2) Today we have embarked upon the …era. 今天,我们已经进入了…的时代.We have embarked on the information era. –he has embarked on the road of committing crimes.3) Since the advent/arrival of the…era… 随着…时代的到来…例句:Since the advent of the information era, our efficiency at work has been greatly enhanced.随着信息时代的到来,我们的工作效率得到了很大的提高.例句 2 With the advent of the information era, school education has undergone profound changes at an accelerated rate.倒退类4) But A is accompanied by B 但是伴随着…(某种好现象)的到来,某种坏现象也出现了.例句:But the proliferation of English is accompanied by the extinction of many lesser-known languages.但是随着英语的广泛传播的是大量小语种的消亡.5) Accompanying all the advantages brought about by the profound social changes have come some sufferings; and …is very prominent among them. 随着深刻的社会变革带来的种种好处,出现了很多问题,…是其中很显著的一个.Please analyze causes of traffic congestion, and give some solutions. Accompanying all the conveniences brought about by violent social changes have come some negative effects, and traffic congestion is the most pressing one / the most serious one.6) With the incidence(发生率) of …hovering at high levels, many have become disturbed and alarmed. …的发生率居高不下,这引起了很多人的困扰和警觉.Traffic offenses have become a problem confronting modern people, please give some suggestions of how to deal with it effectively.With the incidence of traffic accidents hovering at high level, many people, especially sociologist and anthropologist, have shown great concern.7) In this day a nd age, it is standard practice for … to do something. 今天,某些人做某事是很普遍的.例句:In this day and age, it is standard practice for parents to rush around all day busying themselves with their work. Many of them cannot spare some time to take care of their children,which has led to some serious social consequences. This essay will make some analysis concerning this phenomenon.8) Such a grave situation merits our careful attention.这样一个严重的情况值得我们关注.Juvenile delinquency is an issue/topic worth our concern / discussion / analysis.Efforts will be made to analyze this topic in this essay.9) The issue of … has been thrown into sharp focus. …引起了人们的强烈关注.例句:Soaring car ownership has thrown the issue of car accidents into public attention / widespread concern.10) Howev er, there is no consensus on …yet. 或者people hold divergent /contrasting/conflicting view on… 或者people are divided over… 不同的人关于某个问题持不同的看法.例句:People hold contrasting views on animal experiments.人们对动物试验持不同的看法.Some people hold that the experimentation on animals is justified. However, others believe that this practice is a reflection of cruelty. From my perspective, it is advantageous to some degree whilst its drawbacks can never be overlooked. / As for some experiments, animals are irreplaceable subjects but I think we should be kind as possible as we can when carrying out these experiments. /I think this practice is to some extent cruel and unjust to animals but at least in the near future we cannotget rid of it completely.11) Something has been growing at an alarming/ staggering rate. 某事物正在以令人震惊的速度增长.例句:With the car ownership soaring in China, traffic accidents have been growing at an alarming/staggering rate. Accompanied by the dramatic development of society, women crimes have been growing at an alarming rate. Such a grave situation has aroused widespread concern, especially sociologist and educationists. In essay attempts will be made to explore the causes of this issue and provide some feasible solutions.12) Whether…has triggered /aroused heated debate / discussion.是否应该…引起了激烈的辩论Whether… is an issue open to debate 或者Whether…is a controversial issue. 例句:Whether student should appraise their teachers' performance is an issue open to debate.是否学生应该评价老师的教学是一个没有定论的问题.13) Some (people) assert/ argue/hold/maintain/claim/assume that… 有一些人认为…例句:Some people assert that relocating large companies to the countryside is the best way to resolve the traffic and housing problems in cities. 一些人认为把大公司搬到乡村是解决城市交通和住房的最好方法.14) …is largely fuelled by...某现象主要是被…所推动.例句:The proliferation of plastic bag is largely fuelled by the pursuit for lowercosts.IELTS 议论文主体段写作加分37句型前进类1 profit fromPeople throughout the world can profit from the advancement in motorized flight.Flight to transport fruits to places where there is no such fruits or not in season.Mobile phones can bring about some drawbacks such diseases. Whether we should avoid using mobile phones.People throughout the world / in every corner of the world can profit from the advancement of information technology. Nowadays we can keep in touch with each other and communicate with our friends or clients quickly by means of mobiles phones. However, some research reveals that mobile phone may cause some medical complaints and thus it is suggested that we should cease using them. In my viewpoint, the advantages of mobile phones outweigh the disadvantages.2 A is an integral /indispensable part of BAdvertising has become an indispensable part of our lives and it has been exerting profound influence on the way we live, work, play and learn.3,S omething plays a pivotal /key role in …It is universally acknowledged that education plays a pivotal role in individual success.4, Enable /allow somebody to do somethingCultural assimilation enables newly-arrived immigrants to get ahead in the new societysuccessfully.5get accustomed to do something/adjust to /adapt toNew immigrants must get accustomed to the local culture to succeed.6Someone can have access to something 或者can access something 或者can utilize somethingIn this day and age, many individuals can have access to the Internet via /by means of computer or mobile phone.倒退类1…is attended by /…is accompanied byThe staggering advancement of technology is attended by severe pollution of the ecosystem.2The more…the more…The more vehicles on the road, the more traffic congestions to occur.3A can be attributed to B 或者B stems from AThe proliferation of traffic accidents can be in large measure attributed to the traffic law not being stringent enough.4be afflicted with/be plagued withIn present-day society, a host of countries are afflicted with chronic poverty.5deprive someone of somethingModern cities deprive city-dweller of fresh air and the comfortable pace of life.6something prompt/impe ls somebody to do…Peer pressure often impels youngster to spend excessively on fancy clothes and accessories.7A has rendered B + adj./noun 形容词或名词We must ensure that technological innovations will not render us slaves to high technology. 其中We must ensure that..意思是我们必须确保…我们必须确保科技创新不会让我们变成高科技的奴隶.The fast-paced way of life has rendered many people alienated from one another.With the acceleration of living tempo, modern people are confronted with many physical and psychological problems. Among them, stress is the most prominent one. This has brought about numerous negative social consequences and aroused widespread concern especially among psychiatrists and sociologist. This essay focuses on exploring the causes and providing some ways to relieve stress.快节奏的生活让很多人彼此疏远.8A recent study conducted by the organization / association / institution /union / scientist reveal that…如果是教育问题用UNESCO如果是犯罪问题可以用the Ministry of Justice 交通问题可以用the Ministry of Transportation 建筑问题可以用the Ministry of Construction 环境问题可以HSUS and GreenpeaceA recent study conducted by HSUS and Greenpeace suggested that there were over one million mammals in lab cages today.9 be addicted to /preoccupied with somethingIn present-day society, many individuals are addicted to /preoccupied with various forms of gambling.10 something is the chief culprit in 或者something is the root cause of …The population explosion is the chief culprit in water scarcity.11be confronted with somethingIn contemporary society, we are confronted with a large number of violent and pornographic TV shows.12 present/pose a threat to…In contemporary society, the proliferation of non-biodegradable rubbish poses a grave threat to humanity.13 be awash with/be inundated with somethingThe media are be awash with/be inundated with detailed crime coverage.14 if…something will ensueIf parents neglect their offspring, lack of discipline and respect will ensue. 15With the incidence of … hovering at high levels, many have become disturbed and alarmed.With the incidence of driving offenses hovering at high levels, many have become disturbed and alarmed.16something is unwarranted /unjustifiableExperimenting upon lab animals without trying to alleviate their pain is unwarranted/unjustifiable.中间类1…on the grounds that…Some others oppose to animal experimentation on the grounds that it is inhumane.2 exert beneficial/ baneful/ profound influence on somethingIn this day and age, globalization is exerting profound impact on the way we work, live,play and learn.3 A prevail over / outweigh/ outbalance BThe advantages of imposing stiffer punishment on driving offender prevail over the disadvantages.4 A bring about/ generate/ breed/ engender/ spawn /induce B. Technological innovations have brought about profound changes to the political, economical and cultural arenas.5 A is a key determinant of BIn an individual's career, tenacity is a key determinant of success.6 It is manifest that …或者It is universally acknowledge that…It is manifest that globalization can also engender a host of banes to the lives of people in the third-world countries.解决类1 give priority to somethingThe government should give priority to the optimization of its financial resources.2 dedicated A to BThe government should dedicate more money to the alleviation of chronic poverty.3 be likely to fall prey to / be vulnerable toWithout proper parental guidance, children are very vulnerable to the violent or pornographic content on TV shows.4 something should be condemned rather than condoned(押尾韵) Indiscriminate copying of traditional architectural style today should be condemned ratherthan condoned.5 it is imperative/ crucial/ key/ essential that… 或者something is of paramount/ overriding importance.To the newly-arrived immigrants, it is imperative that they adapt to the local culture immediately.6 abide by/ comply withIt is essential that government pass more stringent laws to compel drivers to abide by/ comply with the law.7 something requires/ necessit ates /call for…The grave ecological problem requires/ necessitates/ call for joint effort of all the nations on the globe.8 distinguish between A and BMany youngsters lack the capacity to distinguish between right and wrong.9 must ensure thatParents must ensure that they dedicate enough time and energy to their offspring.结尾段常用模板1) based on the above discussion, I am convinced that…(用于一边倒文章的结尾段)基于以上的讨论,我确信…2) In the final analysis, I concede that… However, ….On balance…(用于折衷式文章结尾段) 作为最后总结,我承认…但是…综合起来看… 3) The upside of something, outweighs its downside 或者the strengths of something,prevail over its weaknesses或者the pros of something outbalance its cons.某事利大于弊(如果弊大于利把顺序颠倒一下就可以了)IELTS 作文常用同义词人类the human race, humanity, man, humankind, Homo sapiens在当代in contemporary society, in present-day society, in this day and age解决(及物动词)tackle, address, resolve, combat破坏(及物动词)undermine, jeopardize, devastate(最后一个与其最强)影响(名词)impact, repercussions, ramifications, implications危险(名词)perils, hazards, dangers明显的(形容词)manifest, apparent, evident, obvious从事(及物动词)carry out, conduct, perform, go about积极的,好的beneficial, advantageous消极的,坏的baneful, detrimental好处-坏处benefits, blessings, boons—banes, pros—cons, advantages—disadvantages, merit—demerit无处不在的prevalent, pervasive大量的a host of, a multitude of, a vast number of (后面跟可数名词复数) a great deal of, a vast amount of(后面跟不可数名词单数)增进enhance代替improve 贫穷的impoverished代替poor保护preserve代替protect 富裕的affluent/wealthy代替rich污染contamination代替pollution 需要(及物动词)require, necessitate, call for第二讲十大全真版本X文,词汇与模板Education 类Some peoplethink students should be allowed to evaluate their teachers' job performance. Others believe that will lead to loss of respect and discipline. Discuss and give your own opinion.开头段(不少于4句)In this day and age, it is standard practice for business executive to fill out performance-evaluation forms to give their assessment of their subordinates' work. But when it comes to the evaluation of school teachers' job performance by their students, people hold divergent views. Some argue that students should be allowed to do so. Others contend that disrespect and indiscipline will ensue if students evaluate their teachers work. Personally, I believe both these two views have some merit.主体段1(不少于5句)Granted, there could be some possible drawbacks to students evaluating their teachers' work. First, if not well-managed, evaluation by the students may be completely worthless or even misleading. It is manifest that not all students would give their evaluation responsibly and some students may make mean comments. Secondly, some students criticize their teacher not because their teachers have a slack attitude about their job. Rather they do so because they dislike or even despise schooling.主体段2(不少于7句)However, encouraging students to evaluate their teacher can bring about more boons. In the first place, it is an effective means of motivating theteachers to improve their lectures.Teachers have to keep adjusting their teaching to measure up to the expectations of the student. In the second place, regular input affords the teacher objective and balanced ideas about their own performance. Without such feedback, it is hard for the teacher to have accurate assessment of their own teaching. In the third place, a measure of students' autonomy can make the student better prepared for their adult life. The student becomes better at decision-making and critical thinking.结尾段(不少于3句)In the final analysis, I concede that enabling the student to evaluate their teachers' performance might have some potential drawback. However, by averaging out student's appraisal and encourage them to evaluate responsibly can eliminate the downside of this practice. On balance, I am convinced that allowing students to evaluate their teachers is in the best interests of students, teachers, school administrators, and the society as a whole.教育类8分X文Children who grow up in families without large amounts of money are better prepared to deal with problems in their adult life than children who are brought up by wealthy parents. Do you agree or disagree题目点评:这道题目是IELTS writing task2当中比较少见的"看着容易写好太难"的题目(很多IELTS作文题目看起来很难,写好却不一定特别难).首先要注意到区别"families without large amounts of money" 和"poor families" 这两个概念的差异,前者不仅仅指"low-income families" 还包括"middle-income families", 所以题目的意思和一些同学概括的"穷人的孩子早当家不同";另外一个误区在于因为这道题目和中国的文化比较贴近,很多同学会举过多的简单生活事例但是忽略了推理,论证缺乏深度.从论点上看,考虑到多数考生更熟悉中国的国情,肯定是totally agree 更好写,布什的内阁里面现在也有拉洋板儿出生的(不过美国的富豪的孩子当中牛人还是出了不少,四十三位总统里面也有大量的富家子弟,从整体上看西方有钱的家长更舍得让自己的孩子经历风雨).既然观点写一边倒,那么结果当然就是五段式――开头段转述题目+主旨句,主体段1讲一般家庭的孩子比富家孩子有更强的心理承受能力,主体段2讲一般家庭的孩子有更强的独立性,主体段3讲普通家庭的家长对小孩的要求往往更严格,几位段总结上三层意思.Thesis statement 和topic sentences (X文里用横线标明) 关键词:income gaps 指收入差距income inequality 指收入不均intergenerational 两代人之间的turn the table 是个idiom, 有点像中文说的"打翻身仗" offspring 孩子counterpart 相对应的人(或事务) meritocratic society 说白了就是"凭本事吃饭的社会"self-restraint 自制能力infancy 婴儿期frugality 勤俭financial strains 说白了就是缺钱,名词well-off/affluent (adj)/ well-to-do/ well heeled/ wealthy 自己管理自己,名词initiative 主动性well-acquainted 对某事很熟悉,mitigate缓解,要说解决问题,雅思里面词汇也特多tackle/ address/ solve resolve grapple with /combat 再加题目里面的deal with,大家挑着用啦It is widely accepted that we have been living in a "the rich get richer whereas the poor get poorer" age in terms of income gaps within a generation. However, to this day, there has been no consensus yet over the extent to which income inequality is intergenerational. Some contend that the offspring of low-income and middle-income parents can largely grow up manifest better problem-solving abilities during adulthood than their high-income family counterparts thereby turning the table socially and financially. Personally, I believe this is generally the case in any meritocratic society. (Thesis statement) First and foremost, children raised in household not in possession of a good fortune are conditioned early on in their lives to exercise self-control and self-restraint. These individuals learn from their infancy onward that not everything they crave will become theirs instantaneously. Every so often their wishes go beyond their parents' means and they have to come to terms with the resulting sense of frustration or rejection. Throughout the childhood and early adulthood years they are tempered by the repeated experiences of parents' denial of their requests and frugality is inculcated into their minds as a virtue. Consequently these children, for the most part, are apt to interpret scrimping and saving, emotional uneasiness, not infrequent financialstrains and menial first jobs as an integral part of life rather than a devastating ordeal. Hence they end up being better able to manage stress in their adult years and less likely to panic or get daunted when problems occur.11Further, children brought up by parents of low or middle economic status often grow up to be physically, mentally and professionally more independent than children brought up by affluent parents. It goes without saying that children whose parents are not particularly well-off are more likely than children of affluent households to know how to get the most out of a modest allowance, if they ever get such a thing at all. To the former group of children most desirable things in life have to be "earned"—that is, more often than not they must put forth great effort before their desire is fulfilled. On the other hand, busy, low or medium salaried parents translate into more autonomy and initiative on the children's part. This originally disadvantaged group becomes spontaneous and handy through crafting toy on their own, resourceful by cooking their own meals, tactful with coaxing their parents into buying them gifts, intelligent thanks to the absence of private tutors, savvy in doing summer jobs, and above all, unrelenting in pursuing their dreams. Lastly, non-wealthy parents typically have higher and more definite aspiration for their children than well-to-do parents. Well-acquainted with all thedisadvantages a meager or fair-to-middling bank account generates, many non-wealthy parents pin their hopes on their children to get their families upwardly mobile. These adults mostly have high behavioral, educational and (subsequently) occupational expectations for their children. As a result, they cannot afford to be permissive parents. Spoiling their offspring rotten is the last thing they care to do and they are always ready to discipline their children when they misbehave. They keep tabs on their children's grades at school and do not spare the rod when their offspring do not measure up academically. The odds of children raised in such rigorous environments having good problem-solving skills are apparently better than children raised otherwise. To conclude, the chief determinant of individuals' problem-solving skills is not the amount of money their parents can amass when they are little. Rather, hands-on experience in comprehending, analyzing, resolving, mitigating or circumventing problems is more essential to the cultivation of problem-solving abilities. Hence, I am convinced that families without great wealth are more advantageous to the development of individual capacity to tackle problems.Education 类词汇Education:1) 培养(某种素质)cultivate/ foster/ nurture(vts)促进学生身心发展promote the student's physical, mental (或者用intellectual) andemotional development 心理健康psychological soundness/ well-being/ welfare(nouns) 学习能力(先天就有的)aptitude/ talent 学习能力(后天学习到的)ability/ skill 学生接受的学校教育(名词)schooling(noun) 儿童接受的家庭教育(名词)upbringing(noun) 给学生以动力give the students motivation to do something 或者motivate (vt) the student to do something 青少年adolescents/ youngsters/ youths2) 传授知识impart(vt)/inculcate(vt) knowledge 灌输高尚的道德观念instill(vt) high moral values (注以values 复数比试价值观) 给学生以灵感stimulate the students; thought 或者give the students inspiration 家长教育子女的方式(名词)parenting/ upbringing 教学法teaching methodology/ pedagogical methodology 适应(动词)adapt to do something/adjust oneself to do something/ become accustomed to do something 适应能力adaptability 学生对老师所教授的知识的掌握students' grasp/ command(nouns) of what has been taught 就业技能employable/ marketable skill 3) 限制创造力的发展extinguish(vt)/ stifle(vt)/ constrain(vt) creativity(noun) 打击学生的积极性dampen/sap(vts) the students' enthusiasm 或者frustrate the students 产生不不要的压力beget/ create undue pressure 塑造某人的性格mould(BrE,vt) one's character 责任感a sense of obligation 学生不应该只是被动的接收简单知识的容器student should not be treated as passive receptacles of predigested ideas. 死记硬背learn thing by rote.4) 记忆方程式,公式,定理,定律memorize equations, formulas,theorems and laws(nouns) 应用apply (vt) 盲从follow something blindly/ indiscriminately(adv) 用填鸭式教学教育学生force-feed(vt) the students 为了记忆而记忆memorize for memorization' s own sake 5) 把学生分开教育(比如根据智力或者课堂上的表现) segregate(vt) students 来自于其他同学的压力peer pressure 逆境adverse circumstances /adversity 团队精神team spirit(noun) 独立思考: think independently(adv) 6) 在理解的基础上学习learn things through understanding 鼓励学生用辨证的眼光看问题encourage students to think critically(adv) 学生的反馈students' feedback 或者students' input 学生评价老师的教学students appraise / evaluate their teachers' performance7) 学生学习的各门功课加在一起curriculum(noun) 具体的一门课的内容syllabus 课外活动extra-curricular activity 学校是社会的缩影A school is society in miniature 不遵守纪律(名词)indiscipline/ misbehavior/ mischief (nouns) 不遵守纪律的(形容词)学生disruptive/ unruly students 8) 理论只是theoretical knowledge 通才generalist 专才specialist 全面发展的well-rounded /versatile 为社会健康发展做贡献contribute to societal well-being/ welfare (注意这里welfare不是"福利"的意思)9) 大学学科的分类可以分为:人文学科(包括文学,历史,语言学等)humanities 社会科学(包括政治,经济,社会学等)social sciences 艺术(包括音乐,雕塑等)arts 文科的总称也可以称为liberal arts 或者liberal studies 理科(包括物理,化学,生物等)sciences 工科(包括工程,自动化等)engineering 大学里的任何一个学科都可以叫做一个discipline 基础科学basic sciences 应用科学applied sciences 小学教育primary-level education 中学教育secondary-level education 大学教育tertiary-level education 职业教育vocational education/ training 青少年adolescents/ youngsters/ youthsEducation 类模板1 In this day and age, it is universally acknowledged that education is one of the key determinant of individual success. 众所周知,在当代教育是一个人成功的决定因素之一.2In contemporary society, education plays a pivotal role in individual development. 在当代社会,教育在个人发展中扮演着至关重要的角色.Technology & media 类科技类2/26 people today can perform the everyday tasks such as shopping, banking or even business transactions, without meeting others face-to-face. What effects will this phenomenon have on individuals and society as a whole开头段(不少于3+1句)The interactivity of the Internet and the mobile phone has enabled a multitude of people to purchase their desired items or pay their phone bills without stepping out of their offices or homes. And many others can even register for tests or sign contracts online. This。
雅思英语基础写作教案精讲
Spring Festival Gala is held on
the eve of
Chinese New Year. Gala 是 可 数 ， 可 是 在 提 到 Spring Festival Gala 作为通指概念，不加冠词的，除非说是 2011春晚 普通名词组成的专有名词
小张去公园给猴子拍照片。
肯定句 2 What Can Smoking Do to Us ?
直接疑问句
3 What Reform Means to China 间接疑问句
4 William S. Hart and the Early Film
‘Weatern’
句号，单引号（标题单引号，引言双引号
5 The Stylistic Influence of “The Old Man and the Sea ” 大写句子 专有名词 An anonymous source with close ties to + An anonymous source close to + An article quoted from(in) CD published on May 6th,2010
3When a woman loves a man, she can 3当女人爱上男人，她们就失去了理智。 be out of mind.
4中秋节真的让人想家。
4 touch off a train of home thoughts provoke nostalgic longing
2 名词的逻辑
1
He said, “ My trip to the Summer Palace was interesting but tiring.”
She
雅思基础写作第一讲
❖ 1. Some research reports suggest that the majority of criminals who were sent to prison would commit crimes again when they are set free. What do you think of these reports? What can be done to solve this problem?
雅思大作文写作
考试考查点
有没有明确的中心观点 有没有证明中心观点的论据 能否充分展开论证
有没有明确的开头、正文和结尾 段落是否有明确的主题句和论证句 句子和句子之间，段落和段落之间是否有衔接
语法是否正确 句法是否成熟 选词是否得体、生动
❖ Newspapers have an enormous influence on people’s opinions and ideas. Why is this the case and do you think it is a positive or a negative situation? 2009年3月5日
例如：
❖ To what extent do you think consumers are influenced by advertisements? what measures do you think can protect them? 说明+解决方案
❖ An increasing number of developing countries are expanding their tourist industry. Why do you think it is the case? And do you think it is positive?" 说明文+议论文
《雅思写作讲义》课件
2 辩论类
详细讲解辩论类题目的 写作方法，包括分析正 反观点、选择立场和提 供支持证据。
3 议论文类
介绍如何写议论文类题 目，包括提出观点、给 出论据和结论，并给出 高分范文分析。
写作流程
1
构思
2
组织自己的思路，找出合适的论点和
支持证据，确立文章结构。
3
修改、 语法正确，提高内容的质量。
《雅思写作讲义》PPT课 件
本PPT课件旨在帮助学生们提高雅思写作能力，介绍写作任务类型、写作流 程、语言表达技巧和参考范文分析，以及备考建议。
课程目的与重要性
本节课程将介绍《雅思写作讲义》PPT课件的内容和目标，以及为什么学习 和掌握雅思写作对考试备考的重要性。
写作任务类型
1 图表类
介绍写作任务中的图表 类题型，如图表描述、 图表比较等，并提供解 题方法和技巧。
参考范文分析
经典参考范文
分析一些经典的参考范文，解读优秀的写作思路 和技巧。
避免失分点
提供一些常见的失分点，并给出避免失分的技巧 和策略。
总结
通过本次课程，学生们将掌握雅思写作任务类型和流程，提升语言表达技巧，并通过参考范文分析了解 高分写作思路。最后，给出备考建议。
思考
认真思考写作题目，理解要求和重点， 制定写作计划。
写作
按照构思的思路开始写作，注重逻辑 清晰、表达准确。
语言表达技巧
词汇选择
介绍如何选择恰当的词汇 表达自己的观点和论据， 提高写作的表达力。
句型构造
强调一些常用的句型和表 达方式，帮助学生在写作 中运用多样化的语言结构。
注意重点
指导学生在语言表达中注 重重点内容，突出关键信 息，使文章更有说服力。
新东方雅思写作讲义
新东方雅思写作讲义新东方雅思写作讲义第一部分：写作基础知识介绍（500字）1. 什么是雅思写作？雅思写作是雅思考试的一项重要组成部分，涵盖了一系列的写作任务，包括图表描述、图表解释、观点阐述等。
写作考试的目的是测试考生的语言表达能力、逻辑思维能力和写作组织能力。
2. 准备雅思写作需要注意的事项- 掌握基本写作技巧：如如何概括图表信息、如何展开论述、如何论证观点等。
- 增强写作词汇量：扩展词汇储备，提升表达准确性和多样性。
- 阅读大量范文：学习优秀范文的写作结构、句式使用和观点论证方式。
- 练习写作：进行频繁的写作练习，提高写作速度和思维流畅度。
3. 雅思写作评分标准雅思写作总分为9分，分为四个维度对写作进行评分：任务响应（Task Response）、语言表达（Coherence and Cohesion）、词汇使用（Lexical Resource）和语法准确性（Grammar Range and Accuracy）。
考生需在这四个方面都达到一定的水平才能取得高分。
第二部分：写作技巧及范文分析（1000字）1. 图表描述类写作图表描述类写作是雅思写作的常见形式，考察考生对图表信息的表达能力。
常见的图表形式有柱状图、饼状图、折线图和表格等。
在写作时，考生需要概括图表信息并进行详细描述，同时还要注意使用适当的语言连接词来连接句子和段落。
范文分析：柱状图描述了1990年至2000年间英国人口变化趋势。
从图中可以看出，英国人口总数在这十年间一直在增加，但增长速度有所波动。
具体来说，1990年英国人口为52.4百万，而2000年则达到了58.6百万，增长了大约11.8%。
在这十年间最大的增长出现在1997年，而最小的增长出现在1991年。
因此，可以看出英国人口的变化是不稳定的。
2. 图表解释类写作图表解释类写作是考察考生对图表信息的解读能力。
此类题型通常以饼状图、表格或流程图为主要形式，考生需要从中找出关键信息，并进行准确解释。
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拓展1-3句话
On the other hand,理由二；
拓展1-3句话
纯倾向
（第二段）
First and foremost, no one can fail to take into account that+句子（理由一）
拓展
3-4句话
纯倾向
（第三段）
In addition, it goes without saying that+句子（理由二）
To begin with,理由一；
拓展2-3句话
Additionally,理由二；
拓展1-2句话
Lastly,理由二；
拓展1-2句话
讨论B
（第三段）
The objectors,however, argue that反面观点, with the following supporting reasons.
纯倾向
①As I see it, my view will be identical with the advocates'/objectors'.
②Personally, I am inclined to the advocates'/objectors' view.
主体部分：
讨论A
（第二段）
The advocates hold a view that正面观点，based on the following reasons.
In the first place, the phenomenon of……will mainly spawn the后果一.（分论点1）
拓展部分
In the second place, the phenomenon of……will contribute to后果二.（分论点2）
拓展部分
In the final place, the phenomenon of……will engender后果三.（分论点3）
Ignore, lose sight of ...
双边
In a nutshell, we can draw a conclusion that both their views have reasonable exposition/elaboration. As far as I am concerned, I am inclined to…, but I will not concede that….
拓展部分
救命结尾措施模板：
To walk out of such difficult situation, we have no alternative but to adopt immediate measures to eliminate the serious problem. What the government or authorities concerned should do is to政府措施.Meanwhile, as an individual, we should个人措施.
纯单边
Taking all the reasons into consideration, all the evidence lends the strongest support to my convincing conclusion that+句子（结论）
救命结尾模板：
To put all into one nutshell,there is no rose without thorns,has no exception.Whether it is a blessing or a curse is dependent on how moderately or appropriately we employ. What we should do is to figure out the balance between them, bringing its strengths into full play and diminishing its weaknesses into least extent.
【观点型作文模板】
首段部分：
一，（背景句）
In this day and age,主题词is advancing at an amazing rate in a host of arenas.
二，（观点导入句）
As to/ Concerning the issue
whether…or…,
people from all walks of life can hardly reach an absolute consensus.
【或者】With a view to solving such a problem, we have no but to take immediate measures as the followed.
On one hand,措施一（分论点1）
拓展部分
On the other hand,措施二（分论点2）
【范文1】
Nowadays, impacts energy fuels, such as petrol, natural gas and coal, exert on the development of human society are profound on a large scale.(背景句) It has been cast into sharp relief that the development of human society is increasingly demanding for energy fuels.（话题导入句）As I see it, such a phenomenon will breed three main consequences as the followed. (主旨句)
First and foremost,原因一mainly contribute(s) to the phenomenon of…….（分论点1）
拓展部分
What's worse/more, we partly attribute the problem of现象to原因二.（分论点2）
拓展部分
Lastly,原因三is also the culprit of the phenomenon of…（分论点3）
In the first place,理由一；
拓展2-3句话
In the second place,理由二；
拓展1-2句话
In the third place,理由二；
拓展1-2句话
Undeniably，doubtless to say,
单边讨论型
第三段
However, it would be erroneous if we failed to acknowledge its drawbacks.
拓展部分
解决措施
（第三段）
Given the severity of such a problem, we should adopt effective measures without any delay to eliminate the problem as the followed.（主题句2）
三，说明句
vexing/perplexing
problem confronting the modern people.
acute/severe/grave/serious
This has become a(n)
thorny/buring/pressing
prominent/striking/noticeable
In the first place,理由一；
拓展2-3句话
In the second place,理由二；
拓展1-2句话
In the third place,理由二；
拓展1-2句话
单边讨论型
第二段
Admittedly,话题can bring about numerous benefits to us.
拓展
3-4句话
纯倾向
（第四段）
Last but not least, there is no denying the fact that+句子（理由三）
拓展
3-4句话
结尾部分：
单边
（倾向）
To conclude, I concede that we can profit from the advantages of……immensely. Yet, we should not neglect its disadvantages. On balance, we should seek out the most effective approach to make full use of its advantages and avoid its disadvantages.
★模板不是千篇一律的，要活用模板！很多观点型作文模板可以相互套用！
【现象问题型模板】
首段部分：
一，背景句
In this day and age,主题词is advancing at a staggering rate in a host of arenas.
二，导入问题，现象句
It has been cast into sharp focus that +句子.
In the first place, such a phenomenon may give rise to the rampant over-exploitation of energy fuels.(后果一) More often than not, human society is developing by leaps and bounds with the large depletion of natural energies. Obviously, the surging demand for natural resources will definitely lead to the increasing prices of natural resources. Hence, a growing number of people will over-exploitate these resources for the sake of maximum profits.