修辞总结(高级英语)

1. Simile: a figure of speech in which one thing is likened to another, in such a way as to clarify and enhance an image. It is explicit comparison recognized by the use of words like, as, seem, as if, as though, such as.

e.g. Wit without learning is like a tree without fruit.

…and the fattest woman I have ever seen in my life dozing in a straight-backed chair. It

was as if a sack of grain was supported by a match box.

The pen to a writer is what a gun to a fighter.

We have no more right to consume happiness without producing it than to consume

wealth without producing it.

Words and feather are tossed by the wind.

When he moves, his little agility suggested a tame panther without the claws.

2. Metaphor: a figure of speech containing an implied comparison, in which a word or phrase ordinarily and primarily used of one thing is applied to another.

e.g. The sunshine of happiness is made up of very little beams.

(compare: Happiness is like sunshine: it is made up of very little beams.)

Money is bottomless sea, in which honor, conscience, and truth may be drown in it.

Beware of little expenses. A small leak will sink a great ship.

I fall upon the thorns of life! I bleed.

His hostility melted.

By this time the volcanic fires of his nature had burnt down.

3. parallelism: comes from Greek, it means to be alongside one another. It put the words, phrases, clauses and sentences similar or close in meaning, or structure alongside one another.

e.g. with this faith we will be able to work together, to pray together, to struggle together, to

go to jail together…

It was not anger, nor surprise, nor disapproval, nor horror, nor any of the emotions that she had been prepared for.

4. Antithesis: the rhetorical opposing or contrasting of ideas by means of grammatically paralleled arrangement of words, clauses or sentences.

e.g. when poverty comes in at the door, love flies out at the window.

Men make houses, women make home.

We found ourselves rich in goods, but ragged in spirit.

As for me: give me liberty or give me death.

5. allusion(典故，隐喻，): usually an implicit reference, perhaps to another work of literature or art, to a person or an event.

e.g. Y our want your pound of flesh?

I never believe until then that any meal could defeat me, but on that day I met my

waterloo.

6. Anaphora: the rhetorical device of repeating a word or phrase at the beginning of successive clauses or sentences.

eg. Let us be dissatisfied until America…Let us dissatisfied until slums…Let us be dissatisfied until integration…