2020年高考英语新题型写作技巧四 定语从句和写作同义词总结(含答案).docx

2020年高考英语写作新题型备考技巧

专题（四）定语从句+写作同类词合集

在写作中运用定语从句不仅可以显示考生较好的语言运用能力，更能为写作增添色彩。所以考生一定要在平时练习时学会在书信应用文、概写和续写中尝试写定语从句，让作文整体显得漂亮和流畅。

一．用于书面表达中定语从句的类型

1.关系代词引导的定语从句

who，whom，whose，which，that，as等关系代词引导的定语从句在高考书面表达中屡见不

鲜。尤其以as和which引导的非限制性定语从句更是司空见惯。

①.I’m qualified with every extra work that you want me to do. (2019全国一卷书面表达)

②.Last week, we took the foreign students in our school to experience the authentic tea culture,

which turned out to be extremely rewarding. (2018北京高考书面表达)

③.As is known, I will be a volunteer for the 13th National Games which will be held at the end of

August in Tianjin. (2017年天津高考书面表达)

④.Any student who is interested is welcome to participate. (2016全国卷书面表达)

2.关系副词引导的定语从句

when，where，why关系副词引导的定语从句也可以在高考书面表达中找到很多例子。在写这

种类型的定语从句时，一定要注意关系词前面一些特殊的先行词，如：period，age，occasion，

situation，case，point，reason等。

①.We are to meet on Sunday morning in the People’s Park, where the air is fresh and the scenery is

beautiful. (2017全国一卷书面表达)

②.They found the dangerous situation, where three men circled the wolf. (2017浙江高考书面表

达)

③.I think the reason why you’re always angry may be the high pressure of study. (2014安徽高考书

面表达)

3.介词+关系代词引导的定语从句

Material collecting took us a whole week, during which we interviewed our teachers and took pictures of every aspect of our school life.

二．定语从句的写法

定语从句对于考生来说相对较难灵活运用，所以一定要在平时的写作训练中多加练习。在写作中，可以采取以下的步骤训练。

1.写出两个相关联的简单句；

2.在其中一处简单句中找出需要修饰的词，这个词一定要在两个简单句中都有联系；

3.把剩下的一个简单句改成定语从句，根据关系词的不同选择而对句子进行修改。若是关

系代词，就要去掉这个简单句中的主语或者宾语。若是关系副词，则要删掉状语。

例一：The foreigner got arrested by the police.

He picked a woman’s pocket on the bus.

先确定两个简单句中需要修饰的共同成分，即the foreigner。确定第一句为主句后，剩下的第二句要改写成定语从句。由于是代词做主语，所以考虑用关系代词who或者that引导定语从句，并删去第二句的主语he。

The foreigner who/that picked a woman’s pocket on the bus got arrested by the police.

例二：A fire suddenly broke out in the theater.

Without delay, Tom ran away from the theater.

先确定两个简单句中需要修饰的共同成分，即the theater。确定第二句作主句后，剩下的第二句为定语从句。由于in the theater是地点状语，所以考虑用关系副词where引导定语从句，并

删去第一句的状语in the theater。

Without delay, Tom ran away from the theater where a fire suddenly broke out.

由于灵活运用定语从句对于考生来说有一定的难度，所以考生在书面表达中运用定语从句时会常犯一些错误，比如误用关系词，句子成分多余或残缺，把定语从句和其它从句混淆。这些都是考生需要注意的。后面的改错练习会涉及到一些定语从句写作中常见的错误。

提升训练

一．请把下列的定语从句改正确。

1.I live in Beijing, where is the capital of China.

2.I have a friend, who’s name is Liu Mei.

3.There were many students took part in the English competition.

4.The last one leaves the classroom is supposed to turn off lights.

5.As can be seen from the picture, that a sad boy stands between his angry parents.

st week, I returned to the village where I grew up there in my childhood.

7.Which is known, smoking is a bad habit that threatens people’s health.

8.His parents told him many times not to play beside the river, it didn’t help.

9.There’re three members in my family and I’m the only one child, who is very common in China.

10.When travelling overseas, you should follow the customs of the country where you are visiting.

11.I will never forget the day on that we went to buy guitars in the store.

12.On the third floor there are two rooms, one of them is used as a meeting room.