虚拟仪器毕业设计外文翻译
机械毕业设计英文外文翻译247基于制动试验台的虚拟仪器与变频技术
附录VIRTUAL INSTRUMENT AND FREQUENCY CONVERSIONTECHNOLOGY-BASED BRAKE TEST SYSTEMBrake is widely useful and very important safety assuring equipment. The aim of Brake test system，which is based on visual instrument and frequency changing technology，is to integrative measure and analyze the performance and quality of the brake.This paper mainly introduces the principle，composing，function and features of the brake test system. And from the point of view of the principle of Visual Instrument （VI）technology，a test system，based on the VI and frequency changing technologies and consist of frequency changing drive and control sub-system and measuring sub-one，is constructed. With the test system the performances and braking course could be auto controlled and measured to the brakes which includes disc and drum ones. And the measuring and control software is programmed with the LabVIEW published by American NI Corporation，USA.Then data real time acquisition，processing，displaying and recording will be realized. The test system also has the functions of voltage adjusting，rotating speed control，load regulating，JC value setting，temperature- 1 -measuring，and braking route and time memorizing and analyzing. It will be very important for meaning and exciting boosting effect to advance quality and capabilities of the brakes and the security of equipments and system which have adopt the brakes.1 Operating principlesAccording to the principle of work and power，the change of kinetic energy in the moving of objects equals to the full power of the force act on the object in that process.The energy obtained by brake to be tested：Therefore，it is feasible to use combined inertial flywheels to simulate rotating inertia of crane hoist and its transmission components to test the performance and quality of the brake. According to the moment of momentum theorem：T b·t =J i·ω （1）When T b is fixed，t b can be controlled through combinations between Ji and ω differently. Brake drum or plate，which will be measured，and combined inertial flywheels for loading on are driven to rotate by AC frequency conversion motor （or DC one，which will not bedealt with in this article carefully）. According to the principles- 2 -shown in the formula （1），we can simulate actual processes of brakes fitted on lifting and transport machineries，engineering ones，mining ones and construction ones by changing the technical specification duty JC，the flywheel's inertial moment Ji and motor's rotational speed ni.When detected brakes work in simulation cycle and brake repeated，infrared thermoscopes and torque sensors，and other sensors will record braking shown in the heat，braking torque，braking time and brake speed parameters.2The composition and structure of the brake test systemThis test system is intended to achieve the performances of drum and disc brakes and has following functions：（1）Brake replacementAccording to different type of brakes the corresponding base will be chosen and brake position could be adjusted using electric slide test-bed；（2）Multi-level loadingWe can simulate the actual loading on brakes in a crane with different combined flywheels. The test system adopts manual hydraulic system composed by a three-position four-way- 3 -hand-operated direction valve，a relief one and their accessories，and it is operation saving and convenient to replace flywheels. （3）Regulation the rotational speed n （or ω）It can be realized by changing frequency supplied to the AC motor. When braking torque is very large，such as 10000Nm，it should be appropriate for regulating initial brake speed upward 1000r/min to minimize rotating inertia possibly.（4）Braking frequency adjustmentBased on actual needs braking frequency can be confined in a range of 1~4 times per minute.（5）Braking torque measurementThere are three methods：a）Direct measurement via torque sensors：Rotational speed and torque sensor will be installed between the detected brake drum or plate and inertial flywheel plates.Dynamic braking torque of detected brake will be directly measured，shown in Fig.1 and Fig.2. According to the scope of braking torque of detected brakes，two or three rotational speed and torque sensors should be prepared for testing torque to meet the accuracy requirements；b）Indirect parameter measurement：- 4 -Based on the rotating inertia and braking time we can get brake torque using mathematical relationship between these parameters，as shown in Fig. 2.c）Indirect measurement by pedestal-force：The pressure sensors are installed under the base where detected brake are fixed to feel the forces given by brake，and then to obtain brake torque.The second approach has small investment，simple structure and no torque sensors which mean not considering related troubles of changing torque sensors. But the procedure tocalculate torque is complex，and accumulating total errors would be larger and then the result accuracy will be low.The third way has the advantage of the replacement of sensors is easier and no special requirements for sensors installing precision.It is still an indirect measurement but the procedure is less thanthat in the second method and that means the cumulative errors relatively is smaller. And visible shortcoming is poor dynamic response.（6）Automatic controlExcept to manual operation test system is also programmed- 5 -control.（7）MonitoringBraking frequency，initial braking speed，the aggregate braking number，moment，time and so on will be shown automatically. （8）Automatically data acquisition and processingThe curve describing braking torque，time and speed could be drawn automatically by means of computer software while detected brake is measured in dutycycle operation. Therefore，in response to the way to test braking torque the system can be divided into three ones of that with torque sensor such as Fig.1 and 2 above，that without torque sensor such as shown in Fig.3 and that of pedestal-power measurement without torque sensor，as shown in Fig.4. The test system is mainly composed of AC frequency conversion transmission system，flywheels loading system，rotational speed and torque sensors，base which to fix drum or plate brakes，adjustable DC power supply，detected brakes and test and control system.- 6 -基于制动试验台的虚拟仪器与变频技术制动器是广泛有益的和非常重要的安全保障设备。
虚拟仪器设计双语课程教学大纲
《虚拟仪器设计》(双语)课程教学大纲编号：40024090英文名称：Design for Virtual Instrument适用专业：测控技术及仪器责任教学单位：电子系（部），测控技术与仪器教研室总学时：40（其中实验学时：20）学分：2.5考核形式：考查课程类别：专业课修读方式：必修教学目的：虚拟仪器技术课程是计算机科学与技术、自动化、电气工程及其自动化等专业本科生的实践性强的硬件方向专业课。
虚拟仪器系统是计算机系统与仪器系统技术相结合的产物，它利用计算机系统的强大功能，结合相应的硬件，突破传统仪器在数据处理、显示、传送等方面的限制，使用户可以方便地对其进行维护、扩展、升级等，广泛地应用在通讯、自动化、半导体、航空、电子、电力、生化制药和工业生产等各种领域。
通过本课程的学习，可以使学生掌握 LABVIEW 软件，学会数据采集、输出编程，虚拟仪器的数据传输和仪器控制编程，初步掌握虚拟仪器系统的综合设计方法。
本课程的主要教学方法：以讲授、讨论为主，实践教学为辅。
本课程与其他课程的联系与分工：本课程先修课程为现代测控系统，C语言程序设计，在了解测控系统原理和程序设计的思想后，采用项目驱动教学的方法，使学生更能充分掌握虚拟仪器的应用及设计方法。
主要教学内容及要求：第一部分 L abVIEW开发入门教学重点：虚拟仪器概念，VI创建与编辑方法，LabVIEW前面板后面板的编辑，子VI创建与调用教学难点：LabVIEW语言编程基础，VI程序的调试教学要点及要求：了解虚拟仪器概念；理解LabVIEW编程特点；掌握VI创建、编辑、调试技术；掌握子VI的调用方法。
第二部分 L abVIEW数据结构、图形显示及文件I/O教学重点：各种数据对象的结构、数组和簇的创建和初始化、图形图标显示控件、文件的I/O 处理教学难点：文件的I/O处理教学要点及要求：了解数值型对象的概念和分类，布尔型对象及其操作，字符串对象的概念、属性设置及其操作，其他数据类型，局部变量与全局变量。
学术论文：(毕业设计论文)关于Proteus的外文翻译(适用于外文翻译+中英文对照)
〔毕业设计论文〕关于Proteus的外文翻译〔适用于外文翻译+中英文对照〕兰州交通大学毕业设计〔外文翻译〕兰州交通大学毕业设计〔外文翻译〕12\* MERGEFORMAT II目录TOC \o "1-3" \h \z \u l "_Toc327043174" About Proteus REF_Toc327043174 \h 1l "_Toc327043175" 1. What is Proteus VSM? REF _Toc327043175 \h 1l "_Toc327043176" 2. Schematic Entry REF _Toc327043176 \h 2l "_Toc327043177" 3. Circuit Simulation REF _Toc327043177 \h 2l "_Toc327043178" 4. Co-Simulation of Microcontroller Software REF_Toc327043178 \h 3l "_Toc327043179" 5. Source Level Debugging REF _Toc327043179 \h 3l "_Toc327043180" 6. Diagnostic Messaging REF _Toc327043180 \h 4l "_Toc327043181" 7. Peripheral Model Libraries REF _Toc327043181 \h 4l "_Toc327043182" 8. Why Choose Proteus VSM? REF _Toc327043182 \h 4l "_Toc327043183" 9. Proteus VSM for 8051 REF _Toc327043183 \h 5l "_Toc327043184" 10. Proteus VSM USB Simulation REF _Toc327043184 \h 5l "_Toc327043185" 10.1 Overview REF _Toc327043185 \h 6l "_Toc327043186" 10.2 How it Works REF _Toc327043186 \h 6l "_Toc327043187" 10.3 What You Need REF _Toc327043187 \h 6l "_Toc327043188" 10.4 Running a USB Simulation REF _Toc327043188 \h 7l "_Toc327043189" 10.5 USB Transaction Analyser REF _Toc327043189 \h 7l "_Toc327043190" 10.6 The USB Analyser in Proteus REF _Toc327043190 \h 8l "_Toc327043191" 11. Supported Third Party Compilers REF_Toc327043191 \h 8l "_Toc327043192" 关于Proteus REF _Toc327043192 \h 9l "_Toc327043193" 1. 什么是Proteus的 VSM？ REF _Toc327043193 \h 9l "_Toc327043194" 2. 图表输入 REF _Toc327043194 \h 9l "_Toc327043195" 3. 电路仿真 REF _Toc327043195 \h 10l "_Toc327043196" 4. 协同仿真单片机软件 REF _Toc327043196 \h 10l "_Toc327043197" 5. 源代码级调试 REF _Toc327043197 \h 10l "_Toc327043198" 6. 诊断消息 REF _Toc327043198 \h 11l "_Toc327043199" 7. 周边模型库 REF _Toc327043199 \h 11l "_Toc327043200" 8. 为什么选择Proteus 的VSM？ REF _Toc327043200 \h 11l "_Toc327043201" 9. Proteus VSM对8051的应用 REF _Toc327043201 \h 12l "_Toc327043202" 10. Proteus VSM仿真USB接口 REF _Toc327043202 \h 12l "_Toc327043203" 10.1 Proteus VSM的USB概览 REF _Toc327043203 \h 12l "_Toc327043204" 10.2 Proteus VSM的USB如何运作 REF _Toc327043204 \h 12l "_Toc327043205" 10.3 使用Proteus VSM的USB条件 REF _Toc327043205 \h 13l "_Toc327043206" 10.4 一个USB的模拟运行 REF _Toc327043206 \h 13l "_Toc327043207" 10.5 USB接口交易分析 REF _Toc327043207 \h 13l "_Toc327043208" 10.6 USB在VSM中的分析仪 REF _Toc327043208 \h 14l "_Toc327043209" 11. 支持第三方编译器 REF _Toc327043209 \h 14\* MERGEFORMAT 8About ProteusMany CAD users dismiss schematic capture as a necessary evil in the process of creating PCB layout but we have always disputed this point of view. With PCB layout now offering automation of both component placement and track routing, getting the design into the computer can often be the most time consuming element of the exercise. And if you use circuit simulation to develop your ideas, you are going to spend even more time working on the schematic.ISIS has been created with this in mind. It has evolved over twelve years research and development and has been proven by thousands of users worldwide. The strength of its architecture has allowed us to integrate first conventional graph based simulation and now –with PROTEUS VSM –interactive circuit simulation into the design environment. For the first time ever it is possible to draw a complete circuit for a micro-controller based system and then test it interactively, all from within the same piece of software. Meanwhile, ISIS retains a host of features aimed at the PCB designer, so that the same design can be exported for production with ARES or other PCB layout software.For the educational user and engineering author, ISIS also excels at producing attractive schematics like you see in the magazines. It provides total control of drawing appearance in turns of line widths, fill styles, colours and fonts. In addition, a system of templates allows you to define a ‘house style’ and to copy the appearance of one drawing to another.What is Proteus VSM?Proteus Virtual System Modelling (VSM) combines mixed mode SPICE circuit simulation, animated components and microprocessor models to facilitateco-simulation of complete microcontroller based designs. For the first time ever, it is possible to develop and test such designs before a physical prototype is constructed.This is possible because you can interact with the design using on screen indicators such as LED and LCD displays and actuators such as switches and buttons. The simulation takes place in real time (or near enough to it): a 1GMHz Pentium III can simulate a basic 8051 system clocking at over 12MHz. Proteus VSM also provides extensive debugging facilities including breakpoints, single stepping and variable display for both assembly code and high level language source.Screen shot of the ISIS schematic editor showing a fully functionalvirtual representation of the Microchip? PICDEM2+ Evaluation Board, containing PIC18F452,Alpha LCD, TC74 temp sensor, 24LC256 I2C EEPROM,RS232 terminal and various buttons, pots, LED's etc.Schematic EntryProteus VSM uses our proven HYPERLINK":///products/schematic.cfm" Schematic Capture software to provide the environment for design entry and development. ISIS is a long established product and combines ease of use with powerful editing tools. It is capable of supporting schematic capture for both simulation and PCB design. Designs entered in to Proteus VSM for testing can be netlisted for PCB layout either with our own HYPERLINK":///products/pcblayout.cfm" PCB Design products or with third party PCB layout tools. ISIS also provides a very high degree of control over the drawing appearance, in terms of line widths, fill styles, fonts, etc. These capabilities are used to the full in providing the graphics necessary for circuit animation.Circuit SimulationAt the heart of Proteus VSM is HYPERLINK":///products/basicsim.cfm" ProSPICE. This is an established product that combines uses a SPICE3f5 analogue simulator kernel with a fast event-driven digital simulator to provide seamless mixed-mode simulation. The use of a SPICE kernel lets you utilise any of the numerous manufacturer-supplied SPICE models now available and around 6000 of these are included with the package.Proteus VSM includes a number of virtual instruments including an HYPERLINK ":///vmodels/scope.cfm" Oscilloscope, HYPERLINK ":///vmodels/analyser.cfm" Logic Analyser, HYPERLINK":///vmodels/siggen.cfm" Function Generator, HYPERLINK ":///vmodels/pattgen.cfm" Pattern Generator, HYPERLINK ":///vmodels/ctimer.cfm" Counter Timer and HYPERLINK":///vmodels/terminal.cfm" Virtual Terminal as well as simple voltmeters and ammeters. In addition, we provide dedicatedMaster/Slave/Monitor mode protocol analysers for HYPERLINK":///vmodels/SPIAnalyser.cfm" SPI and HYPERLINK":///vmodels/I2CAnalyser.cfm" I2C - simply wire them onto the serial lines and monitor or interact with the data live during simulation. A truly invaluable (and inexpensive) way to get your communication software right prior to hardware prototyping.Should you wish to take detailed measurements on graphs, or perform other analysis types such as frequency, distortion, noise or sweep analyses of analogue circuits, you can purchase the HYPERLINK":///products/advancedsim.cfm" Advanced Simulation Option. This option also includes HYPERLINK":///products/advancedsim.cfm" \l "conformance" Conformance Analysis - a unique and powerful tool for Software Quality Assurance.Co-Simulation of Microcontroller SoftwareThe most exciting and important feature of Proteus VSM is its ability to simulate the interaction between software running on a microcontroller and any analog or digital electronics connected to it.The micro-controller model sits on the schematic along with the other elements of your product design. It simulates the execution of your object code (machine code), just like a real chip. If the program code writes to a port, the logic levels in circuit change accordingly, and if the circuit changes the state of the processor's pins, this will be seen by your program code, just as in real life.The VSM CPU models fully simulate I/O ports, interrupts, timers, USARTs and all other peripherals present on each supported processor. It is anything but a simple software simulator since the interaction of all these peripherals with the external circuit is fully modelled down to waveform level and the entire system is therefore simulated.VSM can even simulate designs containing multiple CPUs, since it is a simple enough matter to place two or more processors on a schematic and wire them together.Source Level DebuggingWhilst Proteus VSM is already unique in its capabililty to run near real time simulations of complete micro-controller systems, its real powercomes from its ability to perform these simulations in single step mode. This works just like your favourite software debugger, except that as you single step the code, you can observe the effect on the entire design - including all the electronics external to the microcontroller.VSM achieves this in a number of ways, dependent on the processor family and the tools that you are using. For detailed information on the third party compilers supported by Proteus VSM please see the HYPERLINK":///products/compilers.cfm" Third Party Compilers .Debugging windows for the PIC24 Virtual Explorer16 Design. Shown are the source code showing breakpoints and both high level and low level instructions, watch window with expandable named SFR's, variable windowwith expandable compound types and user configurable IDLOC memory dump.Diagnostic MessagingProteus is equipped with comprehensive diagnostic or trace messaging. This allows you to specify which components or processor peripherals they areof interest at any given time and receive detailed textual reporting ofall activity and system interaction. This is invaluable as a debugging aid, allowing you to locate and fix problems in both software and hardware much faster than you could when working on a physical prototype.Diagnostic Setup and Simulation Advisor showing trace messages from the Alphanumeric LCD Display model.Peripheral Model LibrariesIn addition to the microprocessor models for each supported family, and literally thousands of 'standard' models for passives, TTL/CMOS, memories, etc. Proteus VSM is equipped with a comprehensive library of embedded peripheral models, from alphanumeric and graphical LCD displays, through DC, BLCD and servo motors to ethernet controller chips. A summary listingof the peripheral models included with Proteus can be HYPERLINK":///vmodels/peripherals.cfm" found here.Why Choose Proteus VSM?When choosing the right software solution it is often easy to lose sightof which products offer what functionality, particularly when several software companies offer packages which at first glance may look identical.Proteus VSM was the first microcontroller co-simulation package and offers more models with greater detail at the best price. To help clarify this, and to avoid confusion over product offerings, we have compiled some functional comparisons below. The core of any embedded system design isthe microcontroller and the completeness of the model as well as it's accuracy are therefore of primary importance. You should always ensurethat simulation models for microcontrollers not only support a peripheral that you want to use but support the mode in which you want to use the peripheral and to a satisfactory level of detail. We have found that some microcontroller models are in fact little more than instruction set simulators (which is light years away from the level of detail in Proteus VSM microcontroller models) The following chart details model particulars- please note that not all peripherals exist on all devices.It's not a great deal of use to have a functionally perfectmicrocontroller model of a variant that you don't want to use and have no model at all for a device you do want to use. The following chart details the model families available. Note that you should always check that variants you want to use are actually modelled - Proteus VSM offers well over 150 microcontroller variants across our range and we are continually responding to customer demand to implement additional variants.In embedded systems design it's vital that you have simulation models for the peripherals that you are likely to use. Aside from the standard collection of TTL/CMOS libraries, opamps, diodes, transistors, etc. the following chart lists some common embedded peripherals and their support within various packages. Being engineers ourselves we are always conscious that being able to simulate a schematic design is only part of the process. The real value and timesaving potential of co-simulation software lies init's ability to help you find and fix bugs in both your software and hardware design. The comparison chart below covers some of the common debugging facilities you will find in various packages.Proteus VSM for 8051Proteus VSM for 8051 contains everything you need to develop, test and virtually prototype your embedded system designs based around the popular 8051 series of microcontrollers. The unique nature of schematic based microcontroller simulation with Proteus facilitates rapid, flexible and parallel development of both the system hardware and the system firmware.This design synergy allows engineers to evolve their projects more quickly, empowering them with the flexibility to make hardware or firmware changesat will and reducing the time to market. Proteus VSM is discussed in more detail HYPERLINK ":///products/vsm_overview.cfm" here.Proteus VSM USB SimulationProteus VSM USB simulation represents the worlds first (and only)schematic based USB Simulation engine. You can now design your own USB peripheral device entirely in Proteus (using one of the HYPERLINK":///products/usb.cfm" \l "variants" supported microcontrollers) and then test both the firmware and the hardware by simulating the circuit. Communication is modelled down to Windows driver level, with all requests to and replies from the simulated USB device displayed in the HYPERLINK ":///products/usb.cfm" \l "analyser" USB Transaction Analyser. Proteus VSM is discussed in moredetail HYPERLINK ":///products/vsm_overview.cfm" here.10.1 OverviewThe main aim of the Proteus VSM USB Simulation is to allow complete simulation of those microcontrollers having an on-board USB peripheral. Since the vast majority of such devices have a USB device peripheral as opposed to a USB host controller peripheral Proteus VSM is currentlylimited to simulation of USB devices (devices that attach to the USBsocket on the computer), and specifically to simulation of the following USB Device classes.Support for additional classes (and indeed additional microcontroller variants) is on-going and, depending on demand, implementation of USB host simulation support may also be considered.10.2 How it WorksThe schematic in Proteus represents the peripheral device (e.g. a USB memory stick or a USB mouse). A special schematic part called the USB connector is wired to the USB enabled microcontroller and clicking on this schematic part during simulation is equivalent to plugging in the deviceto a USB slot on your PC. The microcontroller executes the firmwarethrough the schematic and USB communication will take place with the PC operating system in the same way as plugging in a physical equivalentdevice to a spare USB socket on the computer. The HYPERLINK":///products/usb.cfm" \l "analyser" USB TransactionAnalyser can be used to decode and display all URB transactions andregister access operations during simulation and the HYPERLINK":///products/vsm_overview.cfm" \l "debugging" full rangeof Proteus VSM debugging techniques are also available. This means thatyou can design, debug and test your USB peripheral entirely within the Proteus software environment before you construct a physical prototype.10.3 What You NeedA licence for a microcontroller family with HYPERLINK":///products/usb.cfm" \l "variants" supported USB variants. This includes our schematic capture engine and enables USB simulation onthe variants which include on-board USB peripherals.A licence for the USB Transaction Analyser. This enables you to monitorand analyse USB traffic and register access operations during simulation.Analysis capabilities can be upgraded to include Graph Based Simulationvia the HYPERLINK ":///products/advancedsim.cfm" Advanced Simulation Options module.Proteus VSM PIC18F4550 model simulating Microchip Technologies MassStorage firmware to present a file stored in the simulated MMC model to Windows via USB.10.4 Running a USB SimulationIn practise, running a USB simulation differs little from any other VSM simulation. The typical procedure is outlined below.Apply the COF/HEX file to the program property of the microcontroller schematic part in ISIS.Run the simulation via the PLAY button at the bottom of the ISIS application.Click on the USB Connector schematic part to connect the USB device - this is equivalent to plugging in the physical equivalent device to your PC.Use the USB Transaction Analyser to monitor and verify USB traffic as your simulation progresses.HYPERLINK ":///products/vsm_overview.cfm" \l "debugging" Debug and test your firmware and circuit as per any normal Proteus VSM simulation - bearing in mind that the USB Protocol has a 30 second timout limitation (your simulation needs to respond to requests within 30 seconds).Stop the simulation via the STOP button at the bottom of the ISIS application.Modify firmware or 'hardware' as required and re-run the simulation to test.When complete use the netlist command to transfer to HYPERLINK":///products/pcblayout.cfm" ARES and commence PCB Layout.10.5 USB Transaction AnalyserThe Proteus USB Analyser is a seperately licenced product that displaysall requests and replies to and from the simulated USB device. This provides an invaluable aid both to understanding the USB protocol and in verification of firmware implementation. The main Analyser window consists of two parts: the Requests List and the Requests Description as shown below.10.6 The USB Analyser in ProteusThe Requests list on the left hand pane of the Analyser displays all requests in tree format. There are three levels of requests; IRP requests (IOCTL, MJ_PNP), Transaction requests (IN, OUT, SETUP) and register operations associated with a given transaction. The request description forms the right hand side of the Analyser and provides detailed tabular information on the currently selected item in the Requests List. Giventhat the Requests list is granular to three levels it follows that comprehensive information can be retrieved at either the IRP Level, the transaction level or the register level. The small toolbar at the top of the Analyser provides options to start logging, stop logging and also to clear the log. This is particularly useful where you are interested in communications after the setup phase or in response to activity from the host controller.Supported Third Party CompilersAll Proteus VSM processor models are able to run binary files (i.e. Intelor Motorola Hex files) produced by any assembler or compiler. However, the debugging facilities available are very limited since the processor model has no way to correlate the machine code it is executing with youroriginal source program.Fortunately, most compilers also produce symbolic debug data files that contain extra information to be used by debuggers and other tools. The Proteus VSM processor models are able to load the debug data filesproduced by selected third party compilers enabling them to provide full high-level language debugging facilities including the ability to display and step through the original source code as well as display the contentsof program variables as the code executes.\* MERGEFORMAT 10关于Proteus许多CAD用户不喜欢示意图捕获的过程中创造的PCB布局，但我们对这个观点一直有争议。
Labview外文翻译(带中文对照)(适用于毕业论文外文翻译+中英文对照)
LabVIEWLabVIEW is a highly productive graphical programming language for building data acquisition an instrumentation systems.With LabVIEW, you quickly create user interfaces that give you interactive control of your software system. To specify your system functionality,you simply assemble block diagrams - a natural design notation for scientists and engineers. Tis tight integration with measurement hardware facilitates rapid development of data acquisition ,analysis,and presentation bVIEW contains powerful built -in measurement analysis and a graphical compiler for optimum performance. LabVIEW is available for Windows 2000/NT/Me/9x, Mac OS, Linux, Sun Solaris, and HP-UX, and comes in three different development system options.Faster DevelopmentLabVIEW accelerates development over traditional programming by 4 to 10 times! With the modularity and hierarchical structure of LabVIEW, you can prototype ,design, and modify systems in a short amount of time. You can also reuse LabVIEW code easily and quickly in other applications.Better InvestmentUsing a Lab VIEW system, each user has access to a complete instrumentation laboratory at less than the cost of a single commercial instrument. In addition, user configurable LabVIEW systems are flexible enough to adapt to technology changes, resulting in a better bong-term investment.Optimal PerformanceAll LabVIEW applications execute at compiled speed for optimal performance. With the LabVIEW Professional Development System or Application Builder, you can build stand-alone executables or DLLs for secure distribution of your code. You can even create shared libraries or DLLs to call LabVIEW code from other programming languages.Open Development EnvironmentWith the open development environment of LabVIEW, you can connect to other applications through ActiveX, the Web, DLLs, shared libraries, SQL(for databases), DataSocket, TCP/IP,and numerous other e LabVIEW to quickly create networked measurement and automation systems that integrate the latest technologies in Web publishing and remote data sharing. LabVIEW also has driver libraries available for plug-in data acquisition, signal conditioning , GPIB,VXI,PXI, computer-based instruments,serial protocols, image acquisition, and motion control. In addition to the LabVIEW development systems, National Instruments offers a variety of add-on modules and tool sets that extend the functionality of LabVIEW .This enables you to quickly build customizable, robust measurement and automation systems.LabVIEW Datalogging and Supervisory Control ModuleFor high channel count and distributed applications, the LabVIEW Datelogging and Supervisory Control Module provides a complete solution. This module delivers I/O management, event logging and alarm management, distributed logging, historical and real-time trending, built-in security, configurable networking features, OPC device connectivity, and over 3,300 built-in graphics.LabVIEW Real-TimeFor applications that require real-time performance, National Instruments offers LabVIEW Real-Time. LabVIEW Real-Time downloads standard LabVIEW code to a dedicated hardware target running a real-time operating system independent from Windows.LabVIEW Vision Development ModuleThe LabVIEW Vision Development Module is for scientists, automation engineers,and technicians who are developing LabVIEW machine vision and scientific imaging applications. The LabVIEW Vision Development Module includes IMAQ Vision, a library of vision functions, and IMAQ Vision Builder, an interactive environment for vision applications. Unlike any other vision products, IMAQ Vision Builder and IMAQ Vision work together to simplify vision software development so that you can apply vision to your measurement and automation applications.Countless ApplicationsLabVIEW applications are implemented in many industries worldwide including automotive, telecommunications, aerospace, semiconductor, electronic design and production, process control, biomedical, and many others, Applications cover all phases of product development from research to design to production and to service. By leveraging LabVIEW throughout your organization you can save time and money by sharing information and software.Test and MeasurementLabVIEW has become an industry-standard development tool for test and measurement applications. With Test Stand, LabVIEW-based test programs, and the industry's largest instrument driver library, you have a single, consistent development and execution environment for your entire system.Process Control and Factory AutomationLabVIEW is used in numerous process control and factory automation applications.Many scientists and engineers look to LabVIEW for the high speed, high channel count measurement and control that graphical programming offers.For large, complex industrial automation and control applications, the LabVIEW Data logging and Supervisory Control Module provides the same graphical programming as LabVIEW, but is designed specifically for monitoring large numbers of I/O points, communicating with industrial controllers and networks, and providing PC-based control.Machine Monitoring and ControlLabVIEW is ideal for machine monitoring and predictive maintenance applications that need deterministic control, vibration analysis, vision and image processing, and motion control. With the LabVIEW platform of products including LabVIEW Real-Time for real-time deterministic control and the LabVIEW Data logging and Supervisory Control Module, scientists and engineers can create powerful machine monitoring and control applications quickly and accurately.Research and AnalysisThe integrated LabVIEW measurement analysis library provides everything you need in an analysis package. Scientists and researchers have used LabVIEW to analyse and compute real results for biomedical, aerospace, and energy research applications, and in numerous other industries. The available signal generation and processing, digital filtering, windowing, curve-fitting, For specialized analysis, such as joint time-frequency analysis, wavelet,and model-based spectral analysis, LabVIEW offers the specially designed Signal ProcessingToolset.The Sound and Vibration Toolset offers octave analysis, averaged and nonaveraged frequency analysis, transient analysis, weighted filtering, and sound-level measurement, and more.Draw Your Own SolutionWith LabVIEW, you build graphical programs called virtual instruments (VIs) instead of writing text-based programs. You quickly create front panel user interfaces that give you the interactive control of your system. To add functionality to the user interface, you intuitively assemble block diagrams- a natural design notation for engineers and scientists.Create the Front PanelOn the front panel of your VI, you place the controls and data displays for your system by selecting ob jects from the Controls palette, such as numeric displays, meters, gauges, thermometers, LEDs, charts,and graphs.When you complete and run your VI,you use the front panel to control your system whether you move a slide, zoom in on a graph, or enter a value with the keyboard.Construct the Graphical Block DiagramTo program the VI, you construct the block diagram without worrying about the syntactical details of text-based programming languages. You do this by selecting objects (icons) from the Functions palette and connecting them together with wires to transfer data among block diagram objects. These objects include simple arithmetic functions, advanced acquisition and analysis routines, network and file I/O operations, and more.Dataflow ProgrammingLabVIEW uses a patented dataflow programming model that frees you from the linear architecture of text-based programming languages. Because the execution order in LabVIEW is determined by the flow of data between nodes,and not by sequential lines of text,you can create block diagrams that execute multiple operations in parallel. Consequently, LabVIEW is a multitasking system capable of running multiple execution threads and multiple VIs in parallel.Modularity and HierarchyLabVIEW VIs are modular in design, so any VI can run by itself or as part of another VI. You can even create icons for your own VIs, so you can design a hierarchy of VIs that serve as application building blocks. You can modify, interchange, and combine them with other VIs to meet your changing application needs.Graphical CompilerIn many applications, execution speed is critical. LabVIEW is the only graphical programming system with a compiler that generates optimized code with execution speeds comparable to compiled C programs. You can even use the LabVIEW profiler to analyse and optimize time-critical operations. Consequently, you increase your productivity with graphical programming without sacrificing execution speed.Measurements and MathematicsLabVIEW includes a variety of other measurement analysis tools. Examples include curve fitting, signal generation, peak detection, and probability and statistics. Measurement analysis functions can determine signal characteristics such as DC/RMS levels, total harmonic distortion (THD),impulse response, frequency response, and cross-power spectrum. LabVIEW users can also deploy numerical tools for solving differential equations, optimization, root finding, and other mathematical problems.In addition, you can extend these built-in capabilities by entering MATLAB or HIQ scripts directly in your LabVIEW programs. For charting and graphing, you canrely on the built-in LabVIEW 2D and 3D visualization tools. 2D tools include features such as autoscaling X and Y ranges, reconfigurable attributes (point/line styles, colors, and more)and cursors, Microsoft Windows users can employ OpenGL-based 3D graphs and then dynamically rotate, zoom, and pan these graphs with the mouse.Development SystemThe LabVIEW Professional Development System facilitates the development of high-end, sophisticated instrumentation systems for developers working in teams, users developing large suites of VIs, or programmers needing to adhere to stringent quality standards.Built on the Full Development System, the Professional Development System also includes the LabVIEW Application Builder for building stand-alone executables and shared libraries (DLLs）and creating distribution kits. In addition, the development system furnishes source code control tools and offers utilities for quantitatively measuring the complexity of your applications. With graphical differencing, you can quickly identify both cosmetic and functional differences between two LabVIEW applications.We include programming standards and style guides that provide direction for consistent LabVIEW programming methodology. The system also contains quality standards documents that discuss the steps LabVIEW users must follow to meet internal regulations or FDA approval. The Professional Development System operates on Windows 2000/NT/Me/9x,Mac OS, HP-UX, and Linux.LabVIEW Full Development SystemThe LabVIEW Full Development System equips you with all of the tools you need to develop instrumentation systems. It includes GPIB, VISA, VXI, RS-232, DAQ, and instrument driver libraries for data acquisition and instrument control. The measurement analysis add DC/RMS measurements, single tone analysis, harmonic distortion analysis, SINAD analysis, limit testing, signal generation capabilities, signal processing, digital filtering, windowing, curve fitting, statistics, and a myriad of linear algebra and mathematical functions. The development system also provides functions for direct access to DLLs, ActiveX, and other external code. Other features of the system include Web publishing tools, advanced report generation tools, the ability to call MATLAB and HiQ scripts, 3D surface, line, and contour graphs, and custom graphics and animation. The Full Development System operates on Windows 2000/NT/Me/9x, Mac OS, HP-UX, and Linux.LabVIEW Base PackageUse the LabVIEW Base Package, the minimum LabVIEW configuration, for developing data acquisition and analysis, instrument control, and basic data presentation. The Base Package operates on Windows 2000/NT/Me/9x.Debug License for LabVIEWIf you deploy LabVIEW applications, including LabVIEW tests for use with Test Stand, the debug license allows you to install the LabVIEW development system on the target machines so you can step into your test code for complete test debugging. This license is not intended for program development.虚拟仪器（LabVIEW）虚拟仪器是一种高效用于构建数据采集与监测系统图形化编程语言。
关于PID控制的毕业设计外文翻译
International Journal of Advanced Research in Computer Science and Software EngineeringSalim Sunil Kumar Jyoti Ohri机电部机电部机电部(NIT Kurukshetra) (NIT Kurukshetra) (NIT Kurukshetra)印度印度印度基于LabVIEW的直流电机及温度控制PID控制器摘要虚拟仪器是一种图形化的编程软件。
虚拟仪器提供了集成数据和具有灵活性的采集软件/硬件与过程控制应用软件自动化测试和测量应用程序。
在本文中，使用LabVIEW软件作出直流电机的控制过程和计算出速度，设计出一个PID温度控制系统电磁炉。
通过虚拟仪器辅助PID控制器的参数调整来控制电动机转速和控制温度的电磁烤箱。
为了获得最佳的过程响应，设计的控制器采用多种方法分析控制参数和调优参数顺序。
关键词：虚拟仪器，电磁炉的温度控制，PID调节器，PID参数整定方法。
1 引言虚拟仪器是一种计算机仪器系统。
该系统是基于在计算机上的硬件设备及使用者的特定设计的虚拟面板和程序来实现检测和控制的目的。
近年来，虚拟仪器技术已被广泛应用于各个领域，如工业控制，通信，电力自动化，电子和工业生产。
直流电动机已经在工业控制领域流行很长一段时间，因为他们有很多很好的特性，例如：高启动转矩特性，高响应性能，更容易被控制，在线性控制等方面有不同的方法使电机有不同的性能。
直流电动机的基本特性是，速度可以调整，通过不同的端子电压。
PID参数的调整，通过改变不同的方法获得最佳的响应。
本文是PID控制器的设计，监督和控制直流电动机的速度响应，还介绍虚拟仪器图形监控软件LabVIEW 仿真，涉及监管控制系统的设计，建造和展示。
有很多算法/文学调谐的PID 控制器，如反应曲线，齐格勒尼科尔斯的方法，Tyreus Luyben 提出的方法。
虚拟仪器virtualinstrument
The End Thank you !
The virtual instrument technology developed on the basis of PC ，including function talented processors and file I/O, make you can real-time to carry on complicated analysis while data high-speed import disk. In addition, the constant development of the Internet and faster computer network makes the virtual instrument technology show its more formidable advantages.
1、性能高 虚拟仪器技术是在PC技术的基础上发展起来的，包括功能超卓的处 理器和文件I/O，使您在数据高速导入磁盘的同时就能实时地进行 复杂的分析。此外，不断发展的因特网和越来越快的计算机网络使 得虚拟software and hardware tools of NI (national instruments ) company make we no longer restricted to the current technology. This benefits from flexibility of software, We can improve the whole system with the least hardware investment and little, even without software upgrades ,only need to update computers or measuring hardware . In using the latest technology, we can take them integrated into the existing measuring devices, and finally quicken the time of products to market .
虚拟仪器外文翻译
毕业设计（论文）外文翻译课题名称基于虚拟仪器的音频信号分析系统设计学生姓名梁灿学号1141203010系、年级专业电气工程系、11级测控技术与仪器指导教师李辉2014 年12月23日虚拟仪器期刊二期报刊InstrumentationNewsletter 2号卷22日2010年第二季度执行编辑约翰·格拉夫主编安德里亚艾略特总编辑詹•贾尔斯副编辑詹妮弗·王,Jontel莫兰特约编辑约翰娜·吉尔摩,亚历克斯大师创意经理乔·席尔瓦艺术总监亚当·汉普郡项目经理帕梅拉Mapua插图画家Komal Kaur深处,贾斯汀•欧文斯印刷生产艺术经理劳拉·汤普森生产艺术家Komal Kaur深处图片编辑妮可Kinbarovsky,艾莉场硬仗图像协调员凯西布朗仪表通讯发表季度国家仪器公司,11500 N Mopac Expwy,奥斯汀,得克萨斯州78759 - 3504美国。
©2010年全国乐器。
保留所有权利。
ActiveMath,自动编码,BioBench,进行,Citadel,CompactRIO,Crashbase,CVI,DAQCard,设计师,采集DAQPad,DAQ-STC,DASYLab,王冠,王冠,DIAdem-INSIGHT、DocumentIt !电子工作台、FieldPoint、Flex ADC、FlexDMM FlexFrame,FlexMotion,HiQ,HS488,IMAQ,仪表通讯、Instrupedia,虚拟仪器,虚拟仪器的球员,注意,螳螂,MATRIXx,测量,测量,测量工作室,螨虫,电路仿真、MXI NAT4882、NAT7210 NAT9914,国家仪器,国家仪器联盟伙伴,镍、镍- 488,,倪CompactDAQ,开发者套件,倪FlexRIO,NI-Motion,倪运动助理,倪SoftMotion,倪TestStand,倪VeriStand,NIWeek,骑,RTSI SCXI,传感器即插即用,SignalExpress,SystemBuild,软件是工具,虚拟仪器公司,TNT4882,TNT4882C,Turbo488,Ultiboard,VAB,VirtualBench VXIpc,Xmath商标国家仪器。
毕业论文外文翻译--虚拟现实技术的发展过程及研究现状（适用于毕业论文外文翻译+中英文对照）
虚拟现实技术的发展过程及研究现状虚拟现实技术是近年来发展最快的技术之一，它与多媒体技术、网络技术并称为三大前景最好的计算机技术。
与其他高新技术一样，客观需求是虚拟现实技术发展的动力。
近年来，在仿真建模、计算机设计、可视化计算、遥控机器人等领域，提出了一个共同的需求，即建立一个比现有计算机系统更为直观的输入输出系统，成为能与各种船感器相联、更为友好的人机界面、人能沉浸其中、超越其上、进出自如、交互作用的多维化信息环境。
VR技术是人工智能、计算机图形学、人机接口技术、多媒体技术、网络技术、并行计算技术等多种技术的集成。
它是一种有效的模拟人在自然环境中视听、动等行为的高级人机交互技术。
虚拟现实(Virtual Reality )：是一种最有效的模拟人在自然环境中视、听、动等行为的高级人机交互技术，是综合计算机图形技术、多媒体技术、并行实时计算技术、人工智能、仿真技术等多种学科而发展起来的20世纪90年代计算机领域的最新技术。
VR以模拟方式为使用者创造一个实时反映实体对象变化与相互作用的三维图像世界，在视、听、触、嗅等感知行为的逼真体验中，使参与者可直接探索虚拟对象在所处环境中的作用和变化；仿佛置身于虚拟的现实世界中，产生沉浸感(immersive)、想象(imaginative和实现交互性interactive) 。
VR技术的每一步都是围绕这三个特征而前进的。
这三个特征为沉浸特征、交互特征和构想特征。
这三个重要特征用以区别相邻近的技术，如多媒体技术、计算机可视化技术沉浸特征，即在VR提供的虚拟世界中，使用户能感觉到是真实的进入了一个客观世界；交互特征，要求用户能用人类熟悉的方式对虚拟环境中的实体进行观察和操纵；构想特征：即“从定性和定量综合集成环境中得到感性和理性的认识：从而化概念和萌发新意”。
1.VR技术发展的三个阶段VR技术的发展大致可分为三个阶段：20世纪50年代至70年代VR技术的准备阶段；80年代初80年代中期，是VR 技术系统化、开始走出实验室进入实际应用的阶段；80年代末至90年代初，是VR技术迅猛发展的阶段。
虚拟仪器外文翻译
LabVIEW1．overviewLabVIEW is a program development environment, by the national instruments (NI) research and development company, similar to the C and BASIC development environment, but with other computer language LabVIEW significant difference is: other computer language is based on the text, and the language code of graphical LabVIEW use scripting language G program, application is in the form of block diagram.A complete, LabVIEW virtual instrument system of open application software development, and use it to form instrument testing system and data collecting system can simplify the design procedure. With Visual C++ LabVIEW, Visual Basic,LabWindows/CVI, etc, which adopts different programming language is based on the text language program Code (Code), and abVIEW L is using graphical programming language), Graphic (G instead of the traditional diagram of the Code. The Lab VIEW of equipment with the scientists and engineers icon in the habit of basic agreement, this makes the icon programming process and thinking process is very similar.LabVIEW convenient calls Windows DLL and user-defined function in the DLL, LabVIEW also provides CIN (C) Node with any users can use by C + + language or, if the ANSI C, compiled program modules, makes a open LabVIEW development platform. LabVIEW also directly support dynamic data exchange (DDE), structured query language (SQL), TCP and UDP network protocol. In addition, the LabVIEW also provides special used for program development kit, users can easily set breakpoints, dynamic program execution to very intuitive image observation data transmission process, and convenient debug.The operation mechanism is LabVIEW macroeconomic sense is no longer the von neumann traditionally computer system structure of the method. The traditional computer language (such as C) to the order of execution by parallel structure in LabVIEW mechanism; Essentially, it is a kind of control Flow structure with graphical Data Flow pattern (Data Flow Mode), this kind of means to ensure the process of any Node Function in hire those knowledgeable programmers only after all it can only be executed Data.That is to say, in the data flow in the concept of program execution, and it is the data driven by operating system, calculate machine and so on.Since LabVIEW program is data flow driven, data flow design program, a goal only when it's all input can only be effective, And the goal of output only when it is complete. So, in VIEW of the Lab is connected the data flow between nodes function control program execution sequence, and don't like text program execution sequence by rows of constraint. Thus, we can be connected through the rapid development of concise function node applications, even can have multiple data synchronization operation channel, the so-called Multithreading (Multithreading).2．Data Storage and Reporting with NI LabVIEWThe continued increase in processing and storage capacity and the decrease of hardware and software costs has resulted in an explosion of collected data being acquired. But while technology is enabling faster and richer data retention, storing, managing, and sharing data remains the real challenge. Traditional software packages tend to take one of two limiting approaches: 1) they force you into a particular format that is not exchangeable with other applications or users or 2) saving data is left so open ended you waste time trying to determine the best way to organize and save your data to disk so you can share it.NI LabVIEW, designed for the entire engineering process, includes built-in functionality to help you easily save data to disk and create professional reports. By providing easy yet robust interfaces for file I/O and reporting, you can make the most of your acquired data to make decisions faster.(1)File I/O Designed Specifically for Engineering DataDespite the fact that LabVIEW offers a wide variety of file I/O options, these traditional file types rarely meet all the criteria you need in a file format. For example, ASCII files are exchangeable, but are very large and slow to read and write. On the other hand, binary file read and write speeds can keep up with high-speed hardware, but are difficult to share with others.Because of the drawbacks of traditional file I/O, National Instruments developed the Technical Data Management Streaming (TDMS) file format to meet the specific needs and high demands of engineers and scientists. TDMS files are based on the TDM data model for saving well-organized and documented test and measurement data. The TDM data model offers three levels of hierarchy, as shown in Figure 2 – file, group, and channel. The file level can contain an unlimited number of groups, and each group can contain and unlimited number of channels. Because of this channel grouping, you can organize your data to make it easier to understand. For example,you may have one group for your raw data and another group for your analyzed data within one file, or you may have multiple groups that correspond to sensor types or locations.Figure 1. The TDM data model meets the specific requirements of measurementdata.Also, you can insert your own custom properties at each of the three levels. Each level accepts an unlimited number of custom-defined attributes to achieve well-documented and search-ready data files. The descriptive information located in the TDMS file, a key benefit of this model, provides an easy way to document the data much like you would document code. As your documentation requirements increase, you do not have to redesign your application, you simply extend the data model to meet your needs.(2)Multiple Easy-to-Use Programming InterfacesBecause it was developed to meet the needs of all engineers, TDMS offers ease of use, high-speed streaming, and exchangeability. Like many operations in LabVIEW, you can use multiple interfaces to write TDMS files. Y ou can quickly read and write TDMS files using a virtual instrument (VI) such as the Write To Measurement File Express VI or, for the best performance and customization, use the primitive TDMS VIs from the File I/O palette. Also, when using LabVIEW with NI-DAQmx, you can use the Configure Logging VI from the DAQ palette or log directly from the NI DAQ Assistant(3)Files Exchangeable with Other Programs such as Microsoft ExcelBecause you may be required to work in additional applications, TDMS is easily exchangeable across other programs. Y ou can open TDMS files in Microsoft Excel using the TDM Excel Add-In, which installs with NI software and is available free at. Y ou also can use a C DLL for reading and writing TDMS files in other programming languages. NI is committed to helping you write well-organized and documented data using the TDMS file format, regardless of which products you use.(4)Custom and Legacy File Format Reading and WritingAlthough ideally you can choose the file format for each application you work on, you may still be restricted to reading and writing in a custom format due to legacy files or hardware that uses custom formats. Understanding that many engineers face this challenge, NI developed the DataPlugin technology so that you can use these custom formats in LabVIEW. As seen in Figure 4, a DataPlugin acts as a file parser that tells LabVIEW and other NI software how to read your custom file formats and maps them to the TDM hierarchy model in memory.Figure 2. Using a DataPlugin, you can map any file format onto the TDM datamodel.National Instruments provides more than 200 free, downloadable DataPlugins for the most common file formats. For custom formats, you can create your own DataPlugins in LabVIEW and NI DIAdem software using a documented API, or request that an NI expert create a DataPlugin for you. Using DataPlugins, you are no longer limited by custom formats and applications, and have options for how to use your data.3．Organizing and Managing Y our Data with DataFinder T echnology With many applications, the amount of data being collected can quickly become overwhelming. Typically, at that point, you might turn to a database to begin storing your data for faster search and trending. National Instruments makes it easy to interact with a database using the LabVIEW Database Connectivity Toolkit by abstracting the low-level structured query language (SQL) queries. However, moving your existing data to a database, maintaining the database, and creating applications for accessingdata can become extremely costly and time-consuming.In response to this challenge, NI developed NI DataFinder technology, included in the LabVIEW DataFinder Toolkit and DIAdem, for managing test files without the headache and expense of setting up and maintaining a large database. With NI DataFinder, you can perform Internet-like searches across all your data files, regardless of format and location within your company intranet. Simply point NI DataFinder to the location of your data files, and within seconds you can search for your files just as you would search for information on the Internet.NI DataFinder automatically builds and maintains an index of all files that meet the file type and location criteria in the NI DataFinder configuration. Y ou can use properties automatically stored in the NI DataFinder index in query conditions. When a valid data file is created, deleted, or edited, NI DataFinder automatically notices and reindexes the hierarchy and properties of the file. When you save properties not yet in NI DataFinder in a newly created file, these properties are automatically added to the index. NI DataFinder dynamically manages its own data tables and updates them based on file events and the contents of each file. Therefore, unlike many expensive database solutions, you can change and add information as your needs change without redesigning your data management solution. Using the NI DataFinder, you can quickly find trends and correlations in the large amounts of data you have saved during your tests.4.Multiple Programming Approaches in NI LabVIEWNI LabVIEW is a graphical dataflow programming environment. When using dataflow in LabVIEW, you define an execution flow in code by creating diagrams that show how data moves between functions (known as virtual instruments, or VIs). However, with LabVIEW, you can combine multiple programming approaches besides graphical data flow (G) in a single application. Use this flexibility to select your tool of choice for creating algorithms and solving an infinite variety of engineering problems.(1)Defining Programming ApproachesThe phrase …programming approaches‟ encompasses different languages for programming, models of computation, levels of abstraction, methods for interacting with existing code, and ways for representing algorithms. Over the years, National Instruments has added interfaces and methods for communication in LabVIEW to extend the number of approaches that are available.Y ou can write and import multipleapproaches into the same block diagram as the familiar G dataflow language. LabVIEW compiles all of these approaches for the appropriate hardware target, which can span desktop computers, real-time OSs, field-programmable gate arrays (FPGAs), mobile devices, and embedded processors such as ARM.1(2)Programming in GData flow, the fundamental LabVIEW programming method, was the original, and only, programming approach when NI introduced LabVIEW 1.0 in 1986. Unlike sequential-style programming, the flow of data in a dataflow program dictates when, and in what order, operations are executed. In sequential languages such as C and C++, the order of the commands in the source code (as opposed to the availability of data) determines the order in which execution will occur.G follows a dataflow model for running functions and primitives, or VIs. A block diagram function or node executes when all its inputs are available. When a node completes execution, it supplies data to its output terminals and passes the output data to the next node in the dataflow path.Figure 3. A and B are added, and the result is multiplied by C and displayed.The graphical code in Figure 2 shows how a mathematical equation can be represented in G. This diagram consists of two nodes (an add node and a multiply node), and has three numerical inputs (A, B, and C). First, A and B are added. The multiplication node does not execute until both inputs are provided, so it depends on the addition node to complete and provide the result of A + B, at which point it computes the result – (A+B)*C.Although it is possible to explicitly define variables in G, one of the most obvious differences between G code and other languages is that the functional equivalent of a traditional variable is a wire. Instead of passing variables between functions, wires define the functions to which a value is passed. Other familiar programming concepts such as While Loops, For Loops, conditional code, callback functions, and digital logic are all part of the G dataflow programming language(3)Using Configuration-Based ProgrammingIn 2003, National Instruments released NI LabVIEW 7 Express, which featured Express VIs – a new technology designed to further simplify common programming tasks and algorithm creation. Unlike traditional VIs, Express VIs abstracted tasks by offering a configuration-based approach to programming.LabVIEW distinguishes Express VIs with large blue icons. When you place an Express VI on the block diagram, a dialog appears so you can configure how the function executes. After completing the configuration, the LabVIEW development environment writes the necessary code (represented by the Express VI) for you. Y ou can view and modify this code, and you can change the Express VI configuration by simply double-clicking the Express VI icon.Consider the task of reading real-world signals into software for analysis. LabVIEW is designed to make integration with hardware for I/O simple and easy thanks to native drivers and support for thousands of instruments. However, even a task that would otherwise take a handful of VIs to execute can be simplified to a single Express VI. The DAQ Assistance Express VI prompts you to select the channels you want to send and receive I/O to and from, and configure parameters such as sample rate, terminal configuration, scales, triggering, and synchronization. Y ou also can preview the data within the interface before saving the configuration.Express VIs do not offer the same low-level control as VIs, which is why you may prefer to write the code entirely using VIs. New users interested in learning low-level constructs can easily convert an Express VI to the underlying G code by right-clicking the Express VI and selecting Open Front Panel. Normal VIs can do everything an Express VI can do. The LabVIEW Professional Development System also includes a utility for creating custom Express VIs.(4)Incorporating C-Based SyntaxWe can incorporate sequentially executed text-based syntax into a VI block diagram using one of several techniques. The Formula Node offers an inline structure that supports a syntax similar to traditional C programming. Much like C, every line ends with a semicolon and variables must have a defined scope.The Inline C Node is similar to the Formula Node with additional support and functionality for low-level programming and header files without the overhead of a function call. Y ou can use the Inline C Node for any C code, including assembly directives and #defines, that syntactically is between the curly braces in a C file.The Inline C Node is available only for targets that use generated C code. The Inline C Node is not supported for desktop Windows targets.(5)Interfacing with Built AssembliesInstead of importing source code to a LabVIEW block diagram, you may want to call into built assemblies or reuse built LabVIEW applications in other environments. Applications written in LabVIEW can easily reuse existing code and algorithms developed in other languages or programming approaches. Additionally, you might need to build an assembly from LabVIEW code, which includes the programming approaches discussed above, to be called by a different environment.LabVIEW offers multiple solutions for both scenarios. LabVIEW can call external code in DLLs or shared libraries and code exposed through ActiveX or .NET interfaces. In addition, you can reuse LabVIEW code in other programming languages by building a LabVIEW DLL or shared library, or by using ActiveX.If you have existing C code and need to reuse it in LabVIEW, one technique is to build the code as a DLL and call it using the Call Library Function Node. In fact, based on your C application architecture, you can use simple LabVIEW parallel programming to run two or more existing C routines in parallel without the additional complexity of C-based multithreaded programming. To make importing external libraries simple, LabVIEW includes the Import Shared Library Wizard, which automatically creates or updates a LabVIEW wrapper VI project library for Windows .dll file, Mac OS .framework file, or Linux .so file functions.Interfacing with the command-line is also possible with the System Exec.vi, which provides OS-specific interfaces for calling executables and other build libraries.(6)aking Advantage of Flexible ProgrammingThe combination of multiple programming approaches in a single development environment offers the advantage of reusing existing code and algorithms developed in other languages. It also makes it possible to combine simple, high-level abstractions with lower-level code that gives you more visibility and control of your application. These abstraction layers represent highly complex operations in simple, easy-to-read representations, but can be coupled with functions that give low-level control over application behavior and hardware interfaces. Thanks to tight integration with I/O, you can combine these approaches with real-world signals to take advantage of the most recent hardware technology such as multicore CPUs, FPGAs, andembedded processors.5．The Benefits of Programming Graphically in NI LabVIEW Graphical program design and programming simple, intuitive, and development of high efficiency. With the continuous development of the virtual instrument technology and graphical programming language test and control will become the most promising field development direction.Graphical programming language, which is also known as "G" language. Use this kind of language programming, basically don't write code, instead of chart or diagram. It was possible use technical personnel, scientists, engineers, familiar terminology and concepts, therefore, ICONS, LabVIEW is a tool for end users. It can enhance your own science and engineering construction, provides realizing instrument programming and convenient way of data acquisition system. Use it to research, design, testing principle and realization instrument system, can greatly improve the work efficiency.(1)abVIEW: Graphical, Dataflow ProgrammingLabVIEW is different from most other general-purpose programming languages in two major ways. First, G programming is performed by wiring together graphical icons on a diagram, which is then compiled directly to machine code so the computer processors can execute it. While represented graphically instead of with text, G contains the same programming concepts found in most traditional languages. For example, G includes all the standard constructs, such as data types, loops, event handling, variables, recursion, and object-oriented programming.The second main differentiator is that G code developed with LabVIEW executes according to the rules of data flow instead of the more traditional procedural approach (in other words, a sequential series of commands to be carried out) found in most text-based programming languages like C and C++. Dataflow languages like G (as well as Agilent VEE, Microsoft Visual Programming Language, and Apple Quartz Composer) promote data as the main concept behind any program. Dataflow execution is data-driven, or data-dependent. The flow of data between nodes in the program, not sequential lines of text, determines the execution order.This distinction may seem minor at first, but the impact is extraordinary because it renders the data paths between parts of the program to be the developer‟s main focus. Nodes in a LabVIEW program (in other words, functions, structures such as loops, subroutines, and so on) have inputs, process data, and produce outputs. Onceall of a given node‟s inputs contain valid data, that node executes its logic, produc es output data, and passes that data to the next node in the dataflow path. A node that receives data from another node can execute only after the other node completes execution.(2)ntuitive Graphical ProgrammingLike most people, engineers and scientists learn by seeing and processing images without any need for conscious contemplation. Many engineers and scientists can also be characterized as “visual thinkers,” meaning that they are especially adept at using visual processing to organize information. In other words, they think best in pictures. This is often reinforced in colleges and universities, where students are encouraged to model solutions to problems as process diagrams. However, most general-purpose programming languages require you to spend significant time learning the specific text-based syntax associated with that language and then map the structure of the language to the problem being solved. Graphical programming with G provides a more intuitive experience.Figure 4. Data originates in the acquisition function and then flows intuitively to the analysis and storage functions through wires.(3)utomatic Parallelism and PerformanceDataflow languages like LabVIEW allow for automatic parallelization. In contrast to sequential languages like C and C++, graphical programs inherently contain information about which parts of the code should execute in parallel. For example, a common G design pattern is the Producer/Consumer Design Pattern, in which two separate While Loops execute independently: the first loop is responsible for producing data and the second loop processes data. Despite executing in parallel (possibly at different rates), data is passed between the two loops using queues, which are standard data structures in general-purpose programming languages.Parallelism is important in computer programs because it can unlockperformance gains relative to purely sequential programs due to recent changes in computer processor designs. For more than 40 years, computer chip manufacturers increased processor clock speed to increase chip performance. Today, however, increasing clock speeds for performance gains is no longer viable because of power consumption and heat dissipation constraints. As a result, chip vendors have instead moved to new chip architectures with multiple processor cores on a single chip.To take advantage of the performance available in multicore processors, you must be able to use multithreading within your applications (in other words, break up applications into discrete sections that can be executed independently). If you use traditional text-based languages, you must explicitly create and manage threads to implement parallelism, a major challenge for nonexpert programmers.In contrast, the parallel nature of G code makes multitasking and multithreading simple to implement. The built-in compiler continually works in the background to identify parallel sections of code. Whenever G code has a branch in a wire, or a parallel sequence of nodes on the diagram, the compiler tries to execute the code in parallel within a set of threads that LabVIEW manages automatically. In computer science terms, this is called “implicit parallelism” because you do not have to specifically write code with the purpose of running it in parallel; the G language takes care of parallelism on its own.Beyond multithreading on a multicore system, G can provide even greater parallel execution by extending graphical programming to field-programmable gate arrays (FPGAs). FPGAs are reprogrammable silicon chips that are massively parallel – with each independent processing task assigned to a dedicated section of the chip –but they are not limited by the number of processing cores available. As a result, the performance of one part of the application is not adversely affected when more processing is added.6．Hardware Integration with NI LabVIEW(1)ave Development Time with Simpler System IntegrationMost measurement and control hardware comes with software. Usually, that software only works with the device or devices similar to the one the software came with, and the software likely has a fixed, limited feature set. When you want to do more than you can with the included software, such as incorporate multiple devices or add processing and reporting, you face the often daunting task of getting the hardware to work in a different software environment.System integration, getting everything setup and configured such that you begin programming a system, can be a major undertaking, often taking more time than the programming, measurement, or test you wish to perform. Integrating different hardware devices with traditional tools is littered with time-wasting steps and possible incompatibilities, increasing risk. First, you have to find the correct drivers for all of your hardware, and then you have to figure out how to install them and call them from software. Once your drivers are usable, you need them to communicate with the hardware and learn the programming model that the driver designer decided was appropriate for that particular device. LabVIEW can help save you time and frustration by eliminating some of these steps and making others markedly easier.LabVIEW is one software tool that can span all of your hardware components. Drivers are readily available for common hardware devices. Each hardware driver shares a similar, familiar programming model, and examples of how to use the model install directly into LabVIEW.(2)onnect to Any HardwareWith LabVIEW, you can use all of your hardware with a single development environment. Connectivity is made possible with driver software, which serves as the communication layer between LabVIEW and your hardware. LabVIEW driver software supplies seamless integration across multiple types of instruments, buses, and sensors, including data acquisition devices; boxed instruments; modular instruments; motion controllers and motor drives; machine vision and image processing hardware; wireless sensors; and field-programmable gate arrays (FPGAs). In the rare event that a LabVIEW driver doesn‟t already exist, you also can import drivers from other programming languages or use low-level communication to implement your own driver.(3)I HardwareWith more than 50 million I/O channels sold in the last 10 years, National Instruments is a global market leader in PC-based data acquisition, with a complete family of data acquisition products for desktop, portable, industrial, and embedded applications. Y ou can use NI-DAQmx driver software to integrate more than 200 data acquisition devices in LabVIEW on a variety of major buses and form factors, including USB, PCI, PCI Express, PXI, PXI Express, wireless, and Ethernet.(4)Third-Party HardwareLabVIEW does more than just connect to NI hardware. LabVIEW also connectsto thousands of third-party instruments through instrument drivers. The Instrument Driver Network (IDNet) offers more than 8,000 free drivers for instruments from more than 275 third-party vendors that make your hardware work with LabVIEW.From：。
虚拟仪器的简介外文翻译
虚拟仪器的简介外文翻译中文3800字毕业设计(论文)外文资料翻译系（院）：交通工程系专业：车辆工程姓名：学号：外文出处：LabVIEW based Advanced Instrumentation Systems, 2007: 1-31(用外文写)附件： 1.外文资料翻译译文；2.外文原文。
附件1：外文资料翻译译文虚拟仪器的简介Author :Grzegorz Polakqw , Mieczyslaw摘要：本文介绍了基于Lab VIEW软件虚拟仪器的技术特点和设计方法。
虚拟仪器的关键技术是应用软件，仪器的主要功能多是由软件来实现的。
所谓“软件即仪器”。
目前设备多采用单一模拟器技术，无法真正实现装备的实际性能。
使用虚拟仪器不但可以节约大量模拟设备的经费投入，而且能够提高质量与效率。
与目前大多数模拟设备的经费投入，而且能够提高质量和效率。
与目前大多数模拟设备相比，虚拟仪器能够让使用人员主动参与生产过程甚至设计过程。
有利于使用者进行主动和与探索式学习。
关键词：虚拟仪器 Lab VIEW 设计学习目标读者在完成本章阅读将有下面一个了解：—虚拟仪器的历史—虚拟仪器的演变—虚拟仪器的定义—虚拟仪器的体系结构—Lab VIEW的演变—使用Lab VIEW创建的虚拟仪器—Lab VIEW的优势—虚拟仪器在发动机工程的应用—超越个人电脑的虚拟仪器1.1简介一种基于用户从环境或从被测单元收集数据，并显示信息的一种仪器，这样一种仪器可以采用变频器来测试如随着温度或压力的变化的物理参数的变化，采集信息并将其转换成相应的电信号，例如电压和频率的变化。
这种仪器也被定义为一种物理软件设备。
它对获得的来自另一台仪器的数据进行分析和处理，然后在显示器或录音设备上输出数据，这种记录仪包括示波器，频谱分析仪等。
基于对源数据的收集和分析的这种形式仪器得到广泛应用。
1.2虚拟仪器简介虚拟仪器是一个跨学科领域，包括温度、压力、距离、光和声音的频率和振幅，以及包括电压、电流和频率在内的电气参数。
毕业设计论文-虚拟仪器开发与实现
摘要随着计算机技术的发展，传统仪器开始转向计算机化。
虚拟仪器是现代计算机技术、仪器技术以及其他新技术完美结合的产物，其强大的功能已完全超出了仪器概念本身。
本文首先叙述了虚拟仪器的概念、发展、组成等，接着采用图形化编程软件Labview设计了虚拟示波器以及它的虚拟频谱分析功能，重点介绍了Labview中使用第三方板卡——研华PCL-6221实现外部模拟信号采集的方法。
最后总结了本文所做的主要工作并提出了进一步研究的设想：虚拟仪器在internet网中的远程测控。
关键词: 虚拟仪器、PCL-6221、Labview.AbstractWith the development of computer, traditional instrument has developed into computerize instrument. Virtual Instrument is a perfect combination of modern computer technology, instrument technology and other new technology. Its strong function is beyond the instrument itself. This paper first introduce the development, concept, form of the virtual instrument, design the virtual scope, virtual-frequency-analysis instrument by using the programming software Labview, then gather the analogue signal outsides by PCL-6221, transferred into digital signal, show in the computer. At last, this paper put forward the further research: the distance-usage of the virtual instrument in the internet.Keywords: Virtual Instrument、PCL-6221、Labview.目录第一章：绪论 (4)1.1虚拟仪器的概念 (4)1.2虚拟仪器的构成 (5)1.3虚拟仪器的优点 (8)1.4数据采集卡的选择 (10)第二章设计方案 (11)2．1虚拟仪器创建过程 (11)2．2软件比较 (12)2．3设计程序的界面实现 (15)第三章虚拟仪器的发展趋势 (20)第四章结束语 (22)参考文献 (23)致谢 (25)附录: NI-6221的使用说明书 (26)第一章：绪论随着计算机技术的发展，传统仪器开始向计算机化的方向发展。
外文翻译--虚拟机床的建模和应用
毕业设计(论文)外文资料翻译系部：机械工程系专业：机械工程及自动化姓名：学号：外文出处：Department of Engineering of(用外文写)fujian Agriculture and forestry university附件： 1.外文资料翻译译文；2.外文原文。
附件1：外文资料翻译译文虚拟机床的建模和应用Weiqing Lin 1, 2, Jianzhong Fu 11 Institute of Manufacture Engineering of ZheJiang University,2 Department of Engineering of Fujian Agriculture and Forestry UniversityE-mail: lethe_lwq@摘要:21th世纪的最近几年是和现代产业和制造业工程学的虚拟现实技术紧密联系在一起的。
虚拟机器工具技术用于设计，测试，控制以及在虚拟现实环境中使用机器零件。
此篇论文所要陈述了模拟虚拟机器模具适应不同加工需求。
特别的,还开发出了一套模块组合规则和机床结构的一个塑造的方法使用连通性图表。
这样使得虚拟机器工具可以被使用。
高级的虚拟机工具可以有效地为工业培训和机器学习和操作服务。
介绍人们已经广泛的认识到,CNC机器工具工业在21世纪面临着很大的挑战。
要想使它继续保持竞争性，机器工具制造者们必须设计出新的工具来面对多样化的市场。
他们也必须引进新的技术来提升产品的质量和降低成本。
虚拟现实技术正好满足了这些要求，在过去的十年里，虚拟现实技术进入到工程学领域。
虚拟系统的核心是虚拟现实控制算法，它是用来对一个虚拟现实系统中不同的单元间不断变化的虚拟环境和实时交流进行动态控制的。
图1是一个标准的虚拟现实系统。
一个虚拟现实系统四个基本的部分是：虚拟环境中的人，虚拟现实设备，虚拟现实模型以及虚拟现实机构[2]。
那么怎样才能将虚拟现实技术引入到现有的机器制造中呢？为了能够做到这样，在最近5年中，一个新的概念叫做VMT产生了。
基于虚拟仪器的智能泵测试系统 毕业论文外文翻译.docx
翻译（译文）基于虚拟仪器的智能泵测试系统摘要智能泵系统是飞机的液床系统的关键组件，可以解决如温度急剧增加的问题。
作为智能泵的性能直接决定了飞机的液圧系统，并严重影响飞行安全性和nJ靠性。
因此，重要的是要测试在设计和开发的智能泵的性能参数多种, 先进，可靠和完整的检测设备是实现H标的必要手段。
在这个文章屮，提出虚拟仪器和计算机网络技术在飞机智能泵测试的应用程序。
硬件，软件在这个系统小的液丿力回路组成的设计和实施。
关键词：虚拟仪器，智能泵,计算机辅助测试（CAT）1 •引言离心机运行的一般原则是，壳体内有一个绕垂直轴高速旋转的转桶。
转子由一个容器构成，在升高的压力下，受污染的液体从转桶的一•端沿着转轴流入转桶，再从转桶另一端的切向喷嘴返冋到壳体，最后排入发动机油箱。
喷出流体的能量损失会影响到绕转轴高速旋转转了的转速，转桶的转速超过8000转/分，这个速度足够将进入、流出转桶的油液屮的固体杂质沉淀到转桶径向外表面。
为了保证分离效果，以及切向喷嘴不被污染物堵塞，转子容器内部被径向延伸的隔板分隔成分离腔和出流腔，分离腔用于沉淀固体，清洁的液体经过转轴附近的转换口通过出流腔，这是现在设计的一般做法，如EP0193000和GB 2283694 'I1所述，由于隔板既径向延伸,又轴向延伸,所以有时被称为分离锥，如果转轴与垂直方向有一个倾角，，分离锥可以更有效地把液体和固体的混合物保持在分离腔内。
根据不同飞行状态下，泵机载智能系统可以调节输出压力和流出相匹配的负载并且可以实现对会议系统的动态性能的前提下效率最高。
因此，变压力智能泵系统的应用不仅是解决未来飞机液床系统的负面影响（如温度急剧上升，高压力，功率大引起的）的最佳方式，而且是飞机未来的发展趋势之一的液压系统了。
作为这一系统的关键组成部分，对智能泵的性能直接决定了飞机液压系统，并严重影响飞行安全性和可靠性。
因此，重要的是要测试在设计和开发的智能泵的性能参数多种，而先进，可靠和完整的检测设备是实现冃标的必要手段。
虚拟现实技术英文毕业论文
虚拟现实技术英文毕业论文Title: Virtual Reality Technology: An Exploration of its Applications and PotentialAbstract:This research paper aims to explore the various applications and potential of virtual reality (VR) technology. With the rapid advancement of technology, VR has emerged as a revolutionary tool with wide-ranging applications across various industries. This paper will provide an overview of VR technology, its components, and working principle. Additionally, it will discuss its applications in areas such as healthcare, entertainment, education, and training. Furthermore, this paper will present the potential challenges and future prospects of VR technology. The analysis of these aspects will enable us to better understand the impact of VR technology and its potential to reshape our world.Introduction:Virtual reality (VR) technology has gained significant attention and popularity in recent years. VR involves the use of immersive digital environmentsthat mimic the real world or create entirely new experiences. It allows users to interact with these virtual environments in real time, enhancing their sensory experience and creating a sense of presence. This technology has evolved from being a niche tool to a mainstream medium and is now being utilized across various industries.Components and Working Principle of VR Technology:VR technology typically consists of three main components: a virtual environment, a user interface, and tracking systems. The virtual environment is created using computer graphics or a combination of real-world images and computer-generated elements. The user interface includes devices such as head-mounted displays (HMDs), handheld controllers, and data gloves, which enable users to navigate and interact with the virtual environment. Tracking systems are used to capture the user's movements and translate them into the virtual world, providing a seamless and immersive experience.Applications of VR Technology:1. Healthcare: VR technology is being applied in healthcare for purposes such as pain management,rehabilitation, and surgical training. It allows patients to be immersed in virtual environments that distract them from pain or provide therapeutic experiences. VR rehabilitation exercises can help patients recover from physical injuries or disabilities. Surgical training simulations enable surgeons to practice intricate procedures in a safe and controlled environment.2. Entertainment: VR has revolutionized the entertainment industry by providing immersive gaming experiences and virtual tours. VR gaming allows users to engage in interactive gameplay that transcends traditional screen-based formats. Virtual tours allow users to explore historical sites, travel destinations, and museums from the comfort of their homes.3. Education: VR technology is transforming the way education is delivered. It enables students to visualize complex concepts and immersive themselves in virtual environments that enhance learning. For example, students can explore historical events, visit ancient civilizations, or conduct scientific experiments virtually.4. Training: VR is being used for training purposes in industries such as aviation, military, andmanufacturing. It provides a safe and cost-effective way to simulate real-life scenarios and practice critical skills. For example, pilots can undergo flight simulations in virtual environments, soldiers can receive combat training, and technicians can practice complex procedures.Challenges and Future Prospects:Despite the numerous advantages of VR technology, it also faces challenges such as high costs, technical limitations, and potential health risks. The high cost of VR equipment, limited availability of content, and technical requirements pose barriers to widespread adoption. Additionally, some users may experience motion sickness or disorientation when using VR extensively.However, the future prospects of VR technology are promising. Advancements in hardware and software are making VR more affordable and accessible to a wider audience. The potential applications of VR in fields such as remote work, telemedicine, and social interactions are immense. As the technology continues to evolve, VR has the potential to become an integral part of our everyday lives.Conclusion:Virtual reality technology has the potential to revolutionize numerous industries and reshape the way we perceive and interact with the world. Its applications in healthcare, entertainment, education, and training are already making a significant impact. While there are challenges to overcome, such as cost and technical limitations, the future prospects of VR technology are bright. As the technology becomes more accessible and affordable, we can expect to witness its widespread adoption and integration into various aspects of our lives.。
Labview毕业论文毕业论文中英文资料外文翻译文献
Labview毕业论文毕业论文中英文资料外文翻译文献中英文资料Virtual Instruments Based on Reconfigurable LogicVirtual Instruments advantages of more traditional instruments:中英文资料greatly enhanced the capabilities of traditional instruments.Nevertheless, there are two main factors which limits the application of virtual中英文资料基于虚拟仪器的可重构逻辑虚拟仪器的出现是测量仪器发展历史上的一场革命。
它充分利用最新的计算机技术来实现和扩展仪器的功能，用计算机屏幕可以简单地模拟大多数仪器的调节控制面板，以各种需要的形式表达并且输出检测结果，用计算机软件实现大部分信号的分析和处理,完成大多数控制和检测功能。
用户通过应用程序将一般的通用计算机与功能化模块硬件结合起来,通过友好的界面来操作计算机,就像在操作自己定义，自己设计的单个仪器,可完成对被测量的采集，分析，判断，控制，显示，数据存储等。
虚拟仪器较传统仪器的优点(1)融合计算机强大的硬件资源,突破了传统仪器在数据处理，显示，存储等方面的限制，大大增强了传统仪器的功能。
(2)利用计算机丰富的软件资源，实现了部分仪器硬件的软件化，节省了物质资源，增加了系统灵活性。
通过软件技术和相应数值算法，实时，直接地对测试数据进行各种分析与处理，通过图形用户界面技术,真正做到界面友好、人中英文资料机交互。
(3)虚拟仪器的硬件和软件都具有开放性，模块化，可重复使用及互换性等特点。
因此，用户可根据自己的需要，选用不同厂家的产品,使仪器系统的开发更为灵活，效率更高，缩短系统组建时间。
传统的仪器是以固定的硬件和软件资源为基础的specific系统，这使得系统的功能和应用程序由制造商定义。
毕业设计中英文翻译--虚拟仪器实现多参数测量
Using virtual instrument multi-parametermeasurementLv Dongmei Lv Xiang<1. Bijie Department of Physics Teachers College, Guizhou 2. Space Station Electrical andMechanical Services Group, 3422, Zunyi of Guizhou>[Abstract] The concept of virtual instruments and the advantages of virtual instrument with elaborate multi-parameter measurement of the child design process.[Key words] virtual instruments; multi-parameter measurement.Key words: TAB24; TG8 Article ID 1009, China A-4334 (2001) 03-03-00861. IntroductionInstrumentation for a long time in scientific experiments occupy a very important role, is also the instrument of our physical education, physics experiment to carry out an important foundation. The development of computer technology and applications to the instrument in the field has brought profound changes, in particular the emergence of virtual machines and applications can be said to be a revolution in the field of equipment, but for a long time, whether they are in our physical education activities, Still dominated by traditional instruments, computers and measuring instruments are basically still in the isolated state, which will greatly affect our understanding of-the-art equipment and hands, so learning some basic knowledge of the virtual instrument is quite necessary.The virtual instrument panel has a virtual personal computer equipment. It is common personal computer-based simulation software function and control of hardware components. Operators through friendly graphical interface and graphical programming language to control the operation of equipment, complete testing by the volume of the collection, analysis, judge, show that the data generated and stored. Virtual machines have the following characteristics.1）Virtual instruments to make full use of computer hardware and software resources to break through the traditional instruments in data processing, storage and expression, and other restrictions, have made traditional instruments unparalleled.2）Software is the core of the virtual instrument. In general computer platform to configure the appropriate modular hardware, the next great deal of work is the preparation of the software.3）Virtual instrument structure flexible, easy to upgrade, virtual instrument hardware structure is relatively fixed, and the software does have a great deal of flexibility to upgrade the operating system or software, virtual machines can be updated replacement.Virtual machines for its outstanding merits, have shown strong vitality, and the emergence of widely used test equipment will have a very profound impact.2 .the composition and apparatus operating principleWith the completion of a number of parameters of the equipment has been tested in the field of measuring a realproblem with traditional instruments often very difficult to achieve. The most common is by increasing the types of equipment to multi-parameter measurements, but this only increased the cost of measurement, but also reduces the reliability.The use of virtual instrument design, can easily achieve a number of parameters of measurement, the instruments to test the temperature, force, pressure, displacement, mechanical vibration parameters 5, a total of 6-channel, the channel testing with the exchange, At the same time can be measured one or more of the parameters. We use temperature, force, pressure, displacement, vibration sensor signal conditioning devices with the completion of the acquisition and signal amplification; the use of data acquisition cards to complete A / D conversion by the computer to complete the final data analysis, to deal with. Hardware equipment is mainly responsible for signal conditioning and analog-to-digital conversion, through the bus and PC computers to exchange data. Users to use the mouse or keyboard directly in the virtual panel on the operation can be easily completed the parameters of the test, analysis, printing and other functions.3. the instrument hardware designVirtual hardware equipment, including computer hardware and equipment hardware consists of two parts, of which only equipment needed is the hardware design. TheThe hardware equipment from the main sensors, signal the same token, data acquisition cards and four computer parts. To cover a larger range and meet certain measurement accuracy, the choice of different parameters measuring range of more than sensors. For example, force measurement in the range of 0-1KN, precision measuring 0.3% (FS), should be measured by the upper limit of the four sensors 1KN.3KN.5KN.10KN assistance to cover their range. NI signal conditioning devices selected companies ( "Nationnal Instruments", National Instruments, is a virtual production equipment components well-known company) produced a SCX1-1122 multiplexer, SCX1 a 1122 maximum 16-channel, Strain gauge conditioning, thermistor, RTD, thermocouple voltage signal and communication, process control switch the type of signal conditioning.In accordance with the use of the computer is a laptop or desktop, choose different data acquisition board. In order to facilitate the portability of this equipment is used in portable computers. NI data acquisition card is a Ai Corporation DAQCard a 16XE a 50 for 16-bit A / D converter sampling rate for single-200K, multi-channel at 20K. The measurement accuracy of this instrument to 0.3 percent. 16 of the A / D fully meet this requirement; 20K sampling rate by conservative method can also be reached 5kHZ bandwidth, in line with the general body vibration parameters of the dynamic testing requirements of the rest of the temperature, force, pressure and displacement are Static parameters of the equipment not too high frequency bandwidth4.software designVirtual instrument software is the core of the software design quality has a direct impact on the performance of virtual machines. We will of the entire software design for the open structure of the users according to their actual requirements for software modification or addition. The main instrument of this software from data acquisition card driver module, the virtual panel modules, each module measuring parameters, calibration and error correction module composed of four parts.Virtual panel user interface that is user devices to exchange information with the bridge. The instrument panel layout of the reasonable and easy to operate, highly interactive, user every step of the operation can be prompt and immediate response, and provide on-line help.DAQ driver into the preparation of dynamic-link library (DLL) form and to provide source documents. Have theability to develop the company's customers do not understand the acquisition card interface circuit and principles of the instrument can be modified or expanded features.Measuring the parameters of modular software structure, is a reasonable division of the measurement modules, and enhance the use of common parts of the general, and to provide the parameters of the complex graphics and tables output.Calibration and error correction module, not only on the sensor can be calibrated to amend the source of error, but also the use of the average, and so on the relevant calculation of inhibition and to reduce interference and improve the measurement accuracy and increase the reliability of measurement.The apparatus of the software used NI's Lab Windons software development platform for the preparation of the procedures in running under the Windons98.5. ConclusionUsing virtual instrument multi-parameter measurements simplifying the hardware can greatly reduce the cost of equipment and increase the reliability of the test. Virtual machines on the traditional instruments of the concept of a major breakthrough in its flexible structure, the operation simple and intuitive, easy to upgrade and many other advantages, has become a complex apparatus and instrument of choice for multi-functional design. With the computer in China to further universal, virtual instrument is bound to be more widely used, it is bound to make physical education a greater contribution.虚拟仪器实现多参数测量吕冬梅吕翔<1.毕节师专物理系, 贵州2.航天机电集团3422站, 贵州遵义>[摘要]介绍虚拟仪器的概念和优点, 详细阐述用虚拟仪器实现多参数测童的设计过程。
基于虚拟仪器的智能泵测试系统毕业论文外文翻译
翻译（译文）基于虚拟仪器的智能泵测试系统摘要智能泵系统是飞机的液压系统的关键组件，可以解决如温度急剧增加的问题。
作为智能泵的性能直接决意了飞机的液压系统，并严重影响飞舞安全性和可靠性。
因此，重要的是要测试在设计和开发的智能泵的性能参数多种，先进，可靠和完整的检测设备是实现方针的必要手段。
在这个文章中，提出虚拟仪器和计算机网络技术在飞机智能泵测试的应用轨范。
硬件，软件在这个系统中的液压回路组成的设计和实施。
关键词：虚拟仪器，智能泵，计算机辅助测试（CAT）1.引言离心机运行的一般原则是，壳体内有一个绕垂直轴高速旋转的转桶。
转子由一个容器构成，在升高的压力下，受污染的液体从转桶的一端沿着转轴流入转桶，再从转桶另一端的切向喷嘴返回到壳体，最后排入发动机油箱。
喷出流体的能量损失会影响到绕转轴高速旋转转子的转速，转桶的转速超过8000转/分，这个速度足够将进入、流出转桶的油液中的固体杂质沉淀到转桶径向外概况。
为了包管分手效果，以及切向喷嘴不被污染物堵塞，转子容器内部被径向延伸的隔板分隔成分手腔和出流腔，分手腔用于沉淀固体，清洁的液体经过转轴附近的转换口通过出流腔，这是现在设计的一般做法，如EP 0193000和GB 2283694中所述，由于隔板既径向延伸，又轴向延伸，所以有时被称为分手锥，如果转轴与垂直标的目的有一个倾角，，分手锥可以更有效地把液体和固体的混合物保持在分手腔内。
按照分歧飞舞状态下，泵机载智能系统可以调节输出压力和流出相匹配的负载并且可以实现对会议系统的动态性能的前提下效率最高。
因此，变压力智能泵系统的应用不仅是解决未来飞机液压系统的负面影响（如温度急剧上升，高压力，功率大引起的）的最佳方式，而且是飞机未来的发展趋势之一的液压系统了。
作为这一系统的关键组成部分，对智能泵的性能直接决意了飞机液压系统，并严重影响飞舞安全性和可靠性。
因此，重要的是要测试在设计和开发的智能泵的性能参数多种，而先进，可靠和完整的检测设备是实现方针的必要手段。
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译文1、虚拟仪器的产生背景当今我们处于一个正在高度发展的信息社会，要求在有限的时空上实现大量信息的交换，必然带来信息密度的急剧增大，要求电子系统对于信息的处理速度越来越高，功能越来越强，这使得系统结构日趋复杂。
一方面电子技术及市场的发展从客观上要求测试仪器向自动化及柔性化的方向发展，另一方面，电子技术及市场的发展也给虚拟仪器的产生提供了可能。
在这种形式下，基于微计算机的虚拟仪器逐步变得现实，它的出现和广泛使用为测试系统的设计提供一个极佳的模式，并且使工程师们在测量和控制方面得到强大功能和灵活性。
2虚拟仪器的概念虚拟仪器(Virtual Instrument，简称VI)的概念是由美国国家仪器公司(NI)在20世纪80年代最早提出的。
虚拟仪器就是在以通用计算机为核心的硬件平台上，由用户设计定义、具有虚拟前面板、测试功能由测试软件实现的一种计算机仪器系统。
其核心的思想是利用计算机的强大资源使本来需要硬件实现的技术软件化，以便最大限度地降低系统成本，增强系统功能与灵活性。
虚拟仪器代表着从传统硬件为主的测试系统到以软件为中心的测试系统的根本性转变。
虚拟仪器的出现是仪器发展史上的一场革命，代表着仪器发展的最新方向和潮流，对科学技术的发展和工业生产的进步将产生不可估量的影响。
虚拟仪器具有性能高、扩展性强、开发时间短、无缝集成等优势。
3. 图形化虚拟仪器开发平台—LABVIEW 简介及其优势LABVIEW是Laboratory Virtual Instrument Engineering Workbench (实验室虚拟仪器集成开发环境)的简称，是由美国国家仪器公司(National instruments, IN)创立的一个功能强大而又灵活的仪器和分析应用开发工具。
Labview一种图形化的编程语言，主要用来开发数据采集，仪器控制及数据处理分析等软件，功能强大。
目前，该开发软件在国际测试、测控行业比较流行，在国内的测控领域也得到广泛应用。
函数信号发生器是在科学研究和工程设计中广泛应用的一种通用仪器。
LABVIEW软件开发平台具有以下优点:1、图形化的编程方式，设计者无需写任何文本格式的代码，是真正的工程师的语言。
2、提供了丰富的数据采集、分析及存储的库函数。
3、既提供了传统的程序调试手段，如设置断点、单步运行，同时提供有独到的高亮执行工具，使程序动画式运行，利于设计者观察程序运行的细节，使程序的调试和开发更为便捷。
4、32bit的编译器编译生成32bit的编译程序，保证用户数据采集、测试和测量方案的高速执行。
5、囊括了DAQ, GPIB, PXI, VXI, RS-232/485在内的各种仪器通信总线标准的所有功能函数，使得不懂总线标准的开发者也能够驱动不同总线标准接口设备与仪器。
6、提供大量与外部代码或软件进行连接的机制，诸如DLL(动态连接库)、DDE(共享库)、ActiveX等。
7、强大的Internet功能，支持常用网络协议，方便网络、远程测控仪器的开发。
图形化程序设计编程简单、直观、开发效率高。
随着虚拟仪器技术的不断发展，图形化的编程语言必将成为测试和控制领域内最流行的发展趋势。
4. 虚拟仪器的发展方向虚拟仪器作为新兴的仪器仪表，其优势在于用户可自行定义仪器的功能和结构等，且构建容易、转换灵活，它已广泛应用于电子测量、声学分析、故障诊断、航天航空、机械工程、建筑工程、铁路交通、生物医疗、教学及科研等诸多方面。
随着计算机软硬件技术、通信技术及网络技术的发展，给虚拟仪器的发展提供了广阔的天地，国内外仪器界正看中这个大市场。
测控仪器将会向高效、高速、高精度和高可靠性以及自动化、智能化和网络化的方向发展。
开放式数据采集标准将使虚拟仪器走上标准化、通用化、系列化和模块化的道路。
虚拟仪器作为教学的新手段，已慢慢地走进了电子技术的课堂和实验室，正逐渐改变着电子技术教学的传统模式，这也是现代教育技术发展的必然。
在电工电子实验室的建设中，实验室常规设备有的已经老化，有的技术上有些落后，在当前学校经费较少的情况下，如果配置常规仪器、仪表，学校财力难以支付，也不符合目前学校的实际。
而且，随着测试仪器的数字化、计算机化的发展趋势，传统测试仪器渐渐有被取代的趋势。
如果运用虚拟仪器技术，以微机为基础，构建集成化测试平台，代替常规仪器、仪表，不但满足电工电子实验教学的需要，而且将这批微机可作为其他有关计算机课程教学用机，大大提高了设备利用率，降低了实验室建设的成本。
当前应该解决的是如何使虚拟仪器和现有仪器配合，挖掘现有仪器的潜力，达到逐步淘汰和取代传统仪器的目的。
总之，虚拟仪器有很广阔的发展空间，并最终要取代大量的传统仪器成为仪器领域的主流产品，成为测量、分析、控制、自动化仪表的核心。
5.信号发生器概述信号发生器(signal generator)又称信号源或振荡器，是一种能提供各种频率、波形和输出电平电信号，常用作测试的信号源或激励源的设备。
在生产实践和科技领域中有着广泛的应用。
随着现代电子、计算机和信号处理等技术的发展，极大促进了数字化技术在电子测量仪器中的应用，使原有的模拟信号处理逐步被数字信号处理所代替，从而扩充了仪器信号的处理能力，提高了信号测量的准确度、精度和变换速度，克服了模拟信号处理的诸多缺点，数字信号发生器随之发展起来。
传统的信号发生器其功能完全靠硬件实现，功能单一而且用户的购置、维护费用高。
更重要的是，对于传统的信号发生器，其功能一旦确定便不能更改，用户要想使用新的功能则必须重新购买新的仪器，传统信号发生器的不足是显而易见的。
虚拟仪器是将仪器技术、计算机技术、总线技术和软件技术紧密的融合在一起，利用计算机强大的数字处理能力实现仪器的大部分功能，打破了传统仪器的框架，形成的一种新的仪器模式。
原文1、The generation background of virtual instrumentToday we are in a highly developed information society, which require a limited time and space to achieve a large amount of information exchange, inevitably bring about the rapid increase of information density，required the electronic systems have a faster speed and more powerful function for information processing. On the one hand the development of electronic technology and market requirements objectively make the test instrument develop to the direction of automation and flexible, On the other hand, the electronic technology and market development also make virtual instrument possible. In this situation, the virtual instruments based on micro-computer gradually become a reality, its appearance and extensively use provide an excellent model for the design of test system and allows engineers more powerful and flexible in measure and control.2 、The concept of virtual instrumentVirtual Instruments (Virtual Instrument, referred to as VI) concept is first proposed by the National Instruments (NI) in 1980s' . The virtual instrument is a kind of Computer equipment system which based on the general purpose computer as the core hardware platform, defined by the user with a virtual front panel, the test function is performed by a computer testing software. The core idea is to use a powerful computer resources that would otherwise require hardware to software of the technology in order to minimize system cost, enhance system functionality and flexibility. The virtual instrument represents the fundamental changes from traditional hardware-based test system to Software-centric test system. The emergence of virtual instrument is a revolution in the history of instruments, it represents the latest development direction and trend of instrument, produced an immeasurable influence on the development of science and technology and industrial production progress. Virtual instrument have many advantages, such as high performance, scalability, strong, development time is short and seamless integration.3、graphical virtual instrument development platform-LABVIEW introduction and its advantagesLABVIEW is short for Laboratory Virtual Instrument Engineering Workbench, it is a powerful and flexible instrumentation and analysis of application developmenttool created by National Instruments (National instruments, IN) 。