童话论文：童话现代与传统创作特点比较

童话论文：童话现代与传统创作特点比较
【中文摘要】童话本身作为一种文学形式具有十分悠久的历史,从广义上讲,自人类文明产生初期,人们在各种文学形式中所表现出的超出现实的幻想部分都可以理解为是童话的思维,早期的神话、传说都可以看作是童话的表现形式。

也就是说,在童话的“传统阶段”,童话既没有自身独立的创作思维,也没有相对成型的创作模式。

伴随着人类文明的发展,文学形式不断丰富、发展,童话也逐渐走上了成熟的道路。

在童话的“现代阶段”,童话以儿童为受众主体、以幻想为主要特点、以适合儿童阅读和理解的语言为基本载体,这种创作特点逐渐形成。

童话逐渐成为一种独立文学形式的过程,正是童话由“传统”走向“现代”的过程。

本文试图通过分析童话发展过程中的两个阶段——即“传统”阶段和“现代”阶段的不同创作特点来探索童话的发展规律,进而揭示这一文学形式的社会价值。

首先,从童话发展的历史脉络入手,根据童话的创作和创作形式将童话分为两个阶段。

第一阶段是散落在神话、传说等其他文学形式中,以口耳相传为主的传统童话；第二阶段是专门为儿童收集、创作的现代童话。

这里的“传统”和“现代”并非是时间性、历史性的区分,而是指创作手法的区别,可以理解为传统手法创作的童话和现代手法创作的童话。

而且“传统童话”和“现代童话”这两个概念也不是完全对立的,它们是童话发展过程中的两个阶段,二者必定存在较长的和较为广泛的交集。

其次,从童话的定义、分类和发展概况三个方面着手,以一些中外经典童
话为例,多角度、多层次、全方位的对童话的概念层面进行分析,找出传统童话和现代童话在创作动机上的不同。

不同的定义、不同的分类反映的是外界对童话的不同理解,不同的叙事方式、角色关系和不同主题思想则是童话对外界的不同反映。

无论是从对童话的理解上还是从童话本身来讲,都有一个很明显的历史演变过程,通过分析这一历史演变过程——从“传统”到“现代”的过程,来进一步揭示传统童话和现代童话的异同。

最后,通过分析传统童话、现代童话与文化、历史、社会背景之间的关系,探究传统童话和现代童话本身的文学价值,来进一步揭示童话发展的历史过程、发展前景和社会意义。

传统童话和现代童话本身对童话自身的发展具有不同的价值意义。

传统童话是童话的资源宝库和无尽源泉,为童话的创作提供了丰富的幻想源泉和深度思考的空间；而现代童话是童话这一文学形式真正的载体,它为童话创造了独立的思维空间和表现形式并越来越受到关注。

童话从“传统”向“现代”发展是其自身发展的必然要求,这一过程受到了多方面的影响：一方面是童话受众的改变对童话的发展具有促进和制衡作用；另一方面童话的发展受社会发展规律的影响。

具体表现为自然科学的进步丰富了童话的表现形式和内容,社会意识形态的多元化促使童话向多元化发展,人文精神的进步反映到童话中,使童话中的人性、人权意识不断提升。

可以看到,无论是传统童话还是现代童话对于文学乃至人类社会的发展都是意义重大的,要充分重视童话对社会、对民族未来的潜在影响。

比如在中西方传统童话中可以看到不同的文化底蕴；中西方现代童话的融合过程既有冲突又有借鉴；现代
童话创作的物质化现象制约了童话的发展。

这些问题已经不仅仅是童话本身的文学问题,如果能够进一步掌握童话内在的发展规律、把握童话的发展方向,将会对整个社会的文学发展起到推动作用。

【英文摘要】As a literary form, the fairy tale has a very long history. Roughly speaking, since the beginning of human civilization, the fantasy parts, which is beyond the reality and embodied in various literary forms, can be regarded as the fairy tale thinkings. The early myths and legends can be considered as the forms of expression of fairy tales. That is to say, in the “traditional” stage of the fairy tales, the fairy tales neither have no their own independent thinking, nor have relative mature creation modes. With the development of human civilization and literature forms, the fairy tale begins to grow up in a mature way. In the “modern” stage of fairy tale, the basic creative features of that the fairy tales have the audience of children, have the fantasy as the main characteristic and have the languages suitable for children to read and understand, gradually formed. The process that fairy tales develop in an independent literary form is just the one that fairy tales develop from the “traditional” stage to “modern”stage. This paper tries to analyze two stages in the development process of fairy tales-the “traditional” stage
and “modern” stage to explore the development laws of fairy tales, thus to reveal the social values of this literary form.First, we start from the historical context of development of fairy tales, and divide the fairy tale into two stages according to the purposes and creative forms of fairy tales. The first stage is the traditional fairy tales scattered in the myths, legends and other literary forms and spread by listening-and-telling. The second stage is moden fairy tales collected and created specifically for children. Here the distinctions of “traditional “and “modern”are not in the meaning of time or history, but are the differences of creation methods. These two stages can be regarded as fairy tales created by traditional methods and by modern methods respectively. In addition, two concepts of “traditional fairy tale” and “modern fairy tale” are not diametrically opposed. They are two stages in the development of fairy tales, and there must exist a long and extensive intersection of them.Secondly, from the fairy tale’s three aspects of the definition, classification and development profile, taking some classic chinese and foreign fairy tales as examples, we identify the creation motivation differences between the tranditional and modern fairy tales on the basis of analyses of fairy tale
concept from multiple perspectives. Different definitions and classifications reflect different understandings of the fairy tale from the outside world; while different narrative style, role relationships and themes are the reflections of the fairy tale of outside world. Either from the understanding of fairy tales or from the fairy tales by theirselves, there is a very clear historical evolution process. By analyzing the historical evolution process-from the “traditional” to “modern” process, we further reveal the similarities and differences between traditional and modern fairy tales.Finally, through the analyses of relations between traditional/modern fairy tales and the culture/history/social background, we explore literary values of traditional/modern fairy tales, and further reveal the fairy tale history process, development prospects and social significance.Traditional and modern fairy tales have difference meanings on the deveolpment of fairy tales. The traditional fairy tale is the fairy tale treasure and endless source of resources, which provides the fairy tale creation with a rich fantasy source and broad thinking space. The modern fairy tale is the true carrier of this literary form, which attract more and more attentions because it provides independent thinking spaces and expression forms. The
development of fairy tales from the “traditional” stage to “modern” stage is a necessary result. This process is influenced by various aspects:on one hand, the change of audience improves or restricts the development of the fairy tale; on another hand, the fairy tale development is impacted by the laws of social development. To be specifical, the natural science progress enriches form and content for the fairy tale, while the diversification of social ideology promotes the diversification for the fairy tale. Moreover, the progress of human spirit increases humanity and human rights awareness in the fairy tale.You can see, either the traditional or the modern fairy tale has a significant impact on the development of human society. We shall give full attention to the potential impacts of the fairy tale on the futures of society and nation. For example, we can see different culture backgrounds in chinese and west traditional fairy tales; both the conflict and reference could happen during the convergence of chinese and west modern fairy tales; the material creation of modern fairy tales has restricted the development of fairy tales. These problems are not just the literary problem of fairy tale itself. Hence, further mastering the internal development laws of fairy tales and understanding the development direction of the fairy
tales could push literary development forward for the whole society.
【关键词】童话现代与传统创作特点比较
【采买全文】1.3.9.9.38.8.4.8 1.3.8.1.13.7.2.1
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【英文关键词】Fairy tale The modern and traditional Composing characteristics comparison
【目录】传统童话与现代童话的创作特点比较摘要
8-10ABSTRACT10-11引言12-14第一章童话、现代童话和传统童话
的基本概念14-22第一节“童话”一词的渊源14-15第二节童话概
念的分类15-17第三节传统童话、现代童话的基本概念17-22一、
传统童话17-18二、现代童话18-19三、传统童话和现代童话的界定
19-22第二章童话的几种分类方式及现代童话和传统童话在其中所
占的比例22-26第一节按照形成过程可分为民间童话和文学童话
22-24第二节按照人物形象划分为常人体童话、拟人体童话、超人
体童话24-25第三节按照故事内容可分为生活童话、知识童话25-26
第三章传统童话与现代童话在叙事方式、角色关系及主题思想上的
不同26-39第一节在叙事方式上的异同26-31一、话语层面26-29
二、形象层面29-30三、意蕴层面30-31第二节传统童话和现代童
话在角色选择、角色关系上的异同31-35一、角色选择的不同31-33
二、角色关系的不同33-35第三节传统童话和现代童话主题思想的
不同35-39一、创作的主客体关系与主题思想35-37二、创作目的与主题思想37三、结局设计与主题思想37-39第四章比较传统童话和现代童话对童话发展的价值意义39-45第一节传统童话和现代童话本身对童话发展的价值意义39-41一、传统童话是童话的资源宝库和无尽的源泉39二、现代童话为童话创造了独立的思维空间并越来越受到重视39-40三、童话自身的发展要求童话从”传统”向”现代”发展40四、童话受众的改变对童话的发展具有促进和制衡的双重作用40-41第二节童话的发展受社会发展规律的影响41-43一、自然科学的进步丰富了童话的表现形式和内容41-42二、社会意识形态的多元化促使童话向多元化发展42三、人文精神的进步反映到童话中,童话中人性、人权意识不断提升42-43第三节充分重视童话对社会、对民族未来的潜在影响43-45一、中西方传统童话的不同反映了不同的文化底蕴43-44二、中西方现代童话的融合与殊途同归44三、现代童话创作的物质化现象制约了童话的发展44-45参考文献45-47致谢47-48学位论文评阅及答辩情况表48。