商务英语阅读
商务英语阅读精选及解析
商务英语阅读精选及解析为了让大家更好的准备商务英语BEC考试，给大家整理一下BEC阅读精选及解析,下面就和大家分享，来欣赏一下吧。
BEC阅读精选及解析1Critical PathWhen David Hayden realised his company was heading for trouble, he took drastic measures to get it back on track David Hayden founded his company, Critical Path, an email provider, in 1997 to take advantage of the boom in email traffic. Critical Path became a public company two years later, and Hayden took the opportunity to step down from his executive position in order to work on personal projects. At the same time, he agreed to stay with the company as Chairman, but the business was put in the hands of new managers by its investors. With sector-leading products and an expanding market, the company seemed to be on the up and up. However, by early 2001, it was in trouble. Sharesthat had been worth $26 in 1999, when they were first sold, were down to a mere 24 cents.Called in by a panicking board, Hayden found himself back in charge as Executive Chairman, trying desperately to rescue what he could. The 1,100 staff had lost confidence in the company and did not know what was going to happen to them. And, as Hayden discovered, the management team was incompetent. Those guys didnt understand the product or the sector, says Hayden. The heads of department didnt communicate and they didnt lead. But what was worse, Critical Path had lost the goodwill of its investors.Hayden knew that bringing the figures under control would be a vital step in the companys turnaround. Youve got to sort out the finances. For me, that meant getting back the goodwill of the investors. That was tough, after what had happened. But although they were angry with the company, they didnt have bad feelings about me. I told them that I knew I could get the company on its feet again. He was authorised to make whatever changes were required, and his first act was to find people within the company he could trust and put them in charge.The next thing Hayden had to tackle was morale. Everyone left the office at five on the dot - they couldnt get away quickly enough.To get the buzz back and win the staff over, I had to prove my own commitment and put in the extra hours with them. In return, it was assumed that nobody would ask for overtime pay until the company was on its feet again. Contrary to normal practice, Hayden was reluctant to lay people off, and apart from not replacing people as they reached retirement age, he left the workforce largely unchanged, although he did identify key people throughout the company who were given more responsibility.But, as Hayden insists, before a company reaches such a crisis, there are warning signs that any financial director or accountant should take note of. A business that has an unrealistic pricing policy or has to negotiate extended credit with its suppliers is in trouble, is his message. Or if you often have to apply for your overdraft limit to be raised or have trouble paying tax on time, something needs to be done.By 2003, the company was healthy again, with reasonably stable finances and a modest but steady share price of $1.60. One thing that helped save us was that our technology worked, says Hayden. With 20 million email accounts, we never lost a single major client because the product kept on working. With ideas for a fresh venture demanding his attention elsewhere, Hayden hasmoved on. It was time to go, he says. Im not a turnaround specialist.I prefer start-ups.13 What event coincided with Critical Path becoming a public company?A Hayden became the Executive Director of Critical Path.B Investors hired a replacement team to run Critical Path.C Critical Path launched a successful new product on the market.D Critical Path was floated on the Stock Exchange at 24 cents per share.14 Which of the following situations did Hayden face at Critical Path in 2001?A The employees were worried about job security.B The investors were calling for changes to the company structure.C The management was misleading the staff about the companys position.D The board of directors did not realise the scale of the companys problems.15 One reason Hayden was able to turn Critical Path around was thatA he managed to find new investors.B the financial situation was not as bad as he had thought.C he had built up a good relationship with the management team.D he was given the support that he needed.16 What was Haydens policy regarding the staff of Critical Path?A He paid overtime to everybody who worked outside office hours.B He reduced the workforce by operating an early retirement scheme.C He gave key staff the opportunity to help him set goals for the company.D He restored motivation by showing willingness to work alongside staff.17 According to Hayden, what could indicate that a business is in trouble?A problems keeping accounts up to dateB suppliers refusing to offer new credit termsC a frequent need to increase the amount borrowedD difficulties in getting payment from customers on time18 Hayden left Critical Path after he had rescued the company becauseA he wanted to develop the technology for a new internet service.B he wanted to concentrate on founding a new enterprise.C he had been offered a job with a major internet company.D he decided to go into partnership with a major client.BEC阅读精选及解析2Fighting FitFine Fitness, the health and fitness club operator, announced an impressive set of results yesterday: (19) a 38-per-cent jump in annual pre-tax profits, the company claimed that it had (20) none of the problems (21) last week by its rival, Top Fit .According to Samantha Collier,the chief executive, Fine Fitness (22) strong and is on (23) to reach its target of 100 clubs within three years, its strategy unaffected by the apparent (24) down of the economy.The company opened 12 new clubs in the past year; (25) its total to 51. They have (26) to be highly successful, with people joining in large numbers, especially in the 25-to-40 age range. Even the more (27) clubs are still seeing sales growth, along with rising retention (28) of more than 70 per cent. This can be seen as clear (29) of the appeal of Fine Fitness.Ms Collier admitted that as there were (30) too many companies competing with one another; there would almost certainly be (31) in the health-and-fitness-club sector of the market She predicted that, within a relatively short time, there might be only about three major companies still in (32).However, she declined to say which these were likely to be.Profits rose by ?6.3 million, although there was a fall in gross margins from 31 per cent to 28.6 per cent because of higherinsurance premiums, extra management costs and start-up expenses for the companys new (33) in Spain.19 A Stating B Reporting C Remarking D Informing20 A taken B felt C experienced D caught21 A released B issued C opened D revealed22 A stays B remains C maintains D keeps23 A track B direction C way D line24 A falling B breaking C cutting D slowing25 A bringing B putting C getting D mounting26 A shown B resulted C proved D demonstrated27 A installed B formed C established D confirmed28 A rates B standards C proportions D volumes29 A witness B sign C display D evidence30 A purely B merely C simply D barely31 A union B consolidation C alliance D combination32 A trade B office C commerce D business33 A trial B venture C proposal D speculation*介绍了一个经营健康俱乐部的公司的情况，依旧是形势喜人。
商务英语阅读文章
商务英语阅读文章商务英语阅读文章英语最早被中世纪的英国使用，并因其广阔的殖民地而成为世界使用面积最广的语言。
下面是店铺为大家整理的商务英语阅读文章，欢迎阅读与收藏。
商务英语阅读文章篇1A Changed Global Reality 世界经济格局新变化Say this for the young century: we live in interesting times. Not quite 2 12 years ago, the world economy tipped into the most severe downturn since the Great Depression in the 1930s. World trade slowed sharply. Unemployment lines grew longer, especially in the old industrial economies. Financial institutions that had seemed as solid as granite disappeared as if they were no more substantial than a bunch of flowers in the hands of an old-style magician.对于新世纪，我们得这样说：我们生活在一个有趣的时代。
差不多两年半之前，世界经济陷入了20世纪30年代经济大萧条时期以来最惨重的低迷状态。
世界贸易进程大幅放缓。
失业队伍也越来越快，这在旧工业经济体系表现尤为突出。
原来坚如磐石的金融机构也消失了，似乎还不如老套的魔术师变的花束看起来真实。
Given that the scale of the downturn was so epochal, it should not be surprising that the nature of the recovery would likewise be the stuff of history. And it has been. As they make their way to Davos for the annual meeting of the World Economic Forum (WEF) by helicopter, bus, car or train (which is the right way to do it), the members of the global economic and political elite will find themselves coming to terms with something they have never known before.考虑到经济衰退幅度如此的跨时代，经济复苏进程会很慢也是理所当然的，对此我们不应该感到吃惊。
商务英语阅读
affix sth to sth贴在，附在，签署Struggle to do sth努力，奋斗，尽力On the threshold of 接近，在....边缘，即将Market/compete on 凭/依靠...推销/进行竞争Play to迎合，投...所好Make a bid to 做出努力，争取，企图Nudge into 轻推，推进，挤入Position sth as 将...定位为，给...定位Pale in comparison with与...比较相形见绌To the point where到了....的程度Churn out忙赶制，大量生产，粗制滥造Under the wings of在....的庇护/资助/帮助下Buy up买断，全部购买Pitch sth against.../in...竭力推销...与...进行竞争，在...竭力推荐Earmark...for...把...指定用于...，指定....At a premium以更高价，以溢价Give sb a run for one's money 与...进行激烈的竞争Combine to结合，联合In line with与.....一致/相符Be exposed to与.....接触，受.....影响Confine to局限于，限于...范围内Boil down to压缩到，缩小到，简化到，归结为On the track在轨道上，不离题，正确Peg...at钉在，限定在Ride the wave of乘着，凭借wonder/it's no wonder不奇怪，难怪Keep sth. Intact使原封不动/未受损失Turn...upside down使颠倒，使混乱Far afiel在远方，远处，广泛的In store for即将来临的，准备着的，储藏备用Top priority当务之急，最重要的事情Flood...with...将...充斥...，充满Put...out of business将.....挤出(商界)On a...footing在....基础和立场上A flurry of一阵，出现一阵For one thing首先，别的不说Wear on(时间)慢慢过去Take over取代，接管Step up逐步增加，提高Quip about sth/make quips or a quip说妙语，说俏皮话Be attuned to 使协调，使一致(be) wary of堤防，谨防evel off达到稳定Wipe out 消除掉，勾销To a lesser extent在较少程度上Benefit from受益于Make a commitment to do sth承诺某事，承诺做某事Cope with 与。
college商务英语阅读试题及答案
college商务英语阅读试题及答案College商务英语阅读试题及答案一、阅读理解（共20分，每题4分）阅读下列商务英语文章，然后回答后面的问题。
文章文章正文：In recent years, globalization has become a significantfactor in the growth of businesses worldwide. It refers to the process of international integration arising from the interchange of goods, services, and capital. Companies are increasingly looking to expand their operations beyond their national borders to tap into new markets and resources.One of the main advantages of globalization is the access to new markets. Businesses can sell their products and services to a larger customer base, which can lead to increased revenue and profits. Additionally, globalization allows companies to source raw materials and labor from various countries, which can reduce production costs.However, globalization also presents challenges. Companies must navigate complex international regulations and cultural differences, which can be difficult and costly. Moreover, the competition in the global market is fierce, and businesses need to be innovative to stay ahead.问题1：What does globalization mean in the context of business?A. The process of international integration through the exchange of goods, services, and capital.B. The process of international regulation.C. The process of reducing production costs.D. The process of fierce competition in the global market.答案1：A问题2：What are the benefits of globalization for businesses according to the passage?A. Access to new markets and reduced production costs.B. Navigating international regulations and cultural differences.C. Facing fierce competition in the global market.D. Staying ahead through innovation.答案2：A问题3：What challenges does globalization pose to businesses?A. Accessing new markets.B. Reducing production costs.C. Navigating complex international regulations and cultural differences.D. Selling products and services to a larger customer base.答案3：C问题4：What is the main focus of businesses in the globalmarket as mentioned in the passage?A. Access to new markets.B. Reducing production costs.C. Innovation.D. Both A and B.答案4：C二、完形填空（共10分，每题2分）阅读下面的商务英语短文，从短文后各题所给的选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
商务英语阅读理解试题
商务英语阅读理解试题Part I: Passage ReadingDear all,I hope this email finds you well. As part of our ongoing professional development program, I have prepared a series of business English reading comprehension exercises for you. Please find the questions related to the passage below.Passage 1:Companies nowadays are increasingly looking for employees with strong business English skills. The ability to understand and communicate effectively in English is crucial in the globalized business environment.One of the main reasons why companies value business English skills is the need to connect and collaborate with international partners. English has become the lingua franca of business, enabling communication across borders and cultures. By having employees who are proficient in English, companies can facilitate negotiations, build relationships, and expand their international reach.Moreover, business English proficiency enhances an individual's chances of career advancement. Many senior positions require candidates to have excellent communication skills in English to interact with clients and stakeholders from different countries. Being able to present ideas clearly and confidently in English is often a key factor for promotion and professional growth.Furthermore, business English proficiency is essential for accessing a wide range of business resources and information. With English fluency, employees can conduct research, read industry reports, and keep up-to-date with the latest developments in their field. By understanding English-language publications and participating in discussions, individuals can gain valuable insights and stay competitive in today's fast-paced business world.In conclusion, mastering business English is crucial for both individuals and companies. It opens doors to international opportunities, enhances career prospects, and enables access to valuable resources. Investing in business English training can yield long-term benefits and contribute to overall business success.Questions:1. Why do companies value business English skills?2. How does business English proficiency benefit an individual's career?3. What advantages does business English proficiency bring in terms of accessing information and resources?Part II: Short Answer Questions1. What are the main reasons companies value employees with business English skills?2. How can business English proficiency contribute to an individual's career advancement?3. Explain the benefits of business English proficiency in terms of accessing information and resources.Please take your time to read the passage and answer the questions. Once completed, kindly submit your answers by replying to this email. The deadline for submission is Friday, 15th October.Good luck!Best regards,[Your Name]Note: The format used in this article is an email format, commonly used in professional settings for communication and sharing information.。
商务英语阅读1答案
Business EnglishExtensive Reading (1)商务英语阅读（1）Ⅰ. Reading ComprehensionPart One : Directions: Choose the correct answers according to the information given from the passeges. Read the passages through carefully before making your choices. Please mark the corresponding leter for each item on Answer Sheet.Passage One: Questions 1 to 5 are based on the following passage．The popularity in North America is Iceberg Water, a leading brand of bottled water, which is harvested from icebergs off the coast of Newfoundland, Canada．Arthur Wiesenberger, who carries the title Water Master, is one of the few water critics in North America．As a boy，he spent time in the larger cities of Italy，France and Switzerland, where bottled water is consumed daily．Even then，he kept a water journal，writing down the brands he liked best．“My dog could tell the difference between bottled and tap water,”he says．But is plain tap water a11 that bad? Not at a11．In fact, New York’s municipal water for more than 100 years was recently considered among the best in the world in terms of both taste and purity．Similarly，a magazine in England found that tap water tasted better than several leading brands of bottled water．Nevertheless，soft-drink companies view bottled water as the next battle-ground for market share．As diners thirst for leading brands, soft-drink companies and restaurants salivate(垂涎)over the profits．A restaurant’s typical mark-up on wine is 100 to 150 percent, whereas on bottled water it's often 300 to 500 percent．As a result some restaurants are selling bottled water．According to an article in The Wall Street Journal, some of the more shameless tactics include placing attractive bottles on the table for a visual sell，listing brands on the menu without prices，and pouring bottled water without even asking the diners if they want itRegardless of how it's sold，the popularity of bottled water bring us better health and purity. 注意：此部分试题请在答题卡上作答。
商务英语阅读考试题及答案
商务英语阅读考试题及答案一、阅读理解（共40分，每题10分）阅读下列商务英语短文，然后根据短文内容回答后面的问题。
短文一：In the rapidly evolving business world, effective communication is crucial for success. Companies are increasingly relying on cross-cultural communication to expand their global reach. The ability to understand and adapt to different cultural nuances is a key skill for international business professionals.1. What is the main idea of the passage?2. Why is effective communication important in the business world?3. What does the passage suggest about the role of cross-cultural communication in business?短文二：The rise of e-commerce has transformed the way businesses operate. Online platforms have made it possible for small businesses to compete with larger companies by reaching a wider customer base. Social media marketing and search engine optimization are two strategies that have become essentialfor businesses to increase their online visibility.1. What is the main topic discussed in this passage?2. How has e-commerce changed the business landscape?3. What are two strategies mentioned in the passage that are important for businesses to increase their online visibility?短文三：Sustainability is becoming a significant factor in business decisions. Companies are recognizing the importance of reducing their environmental footprint and adoptingsustainable practices. This includes the use of renewable energy, waste reduction, and responsible sourcing of materials. Consumers are also becoming more aware and are demanding products that align with their values.1. What is the main focus of the passage?2. Why are companies adopting sustainable practices?3. What are some of the sustainable practices mentioned inthe passage?二、词汇理解（共20分，每题5分）根据短文内容，选择最合适的词汇填空。
商务英语阅读1参考答案
商务英语阅读1参考答案一、阅读理解1. 问题1：文章主要讨论了什么？答案：文章主要讨论了全球化背景下商务英语的重要性以及如何提高商务英语的沟通技巧。
2. 问题2：为什么商务英语在当今世界如此重要？答案：商务英语重要性体现在跨国贸易的增长，国际商务交流的频繁，以及对专业商务人士的需求。
3. 问题3：文章提到了哪些提高商务英语能力的方法？答案：文章提到了扩大词汇量、学习商务术语、练习商务写作、参与商务会议以及利用在线资源等方法。
4. 问题4：作者对商务英语的未来趋势有何看法？答案：作者认为随着全球化的深入，商务英语将继续成为国际商务沟通的关键工具，并且其重要性将不断增加。
5. 问题5：文章中提到的“商务英语沟通的障碍”有哪些？答案：文章中提到的障碍包括文化差异、语言习惯、专业术语的误解以及非语言交流的挑战。
二、词汇理解1. 问题1： "Negotiation"在商务英语中通常指的是什么？答案： "Negotiation"在商务英语中通常指的是商务交易或协议过程中的协商过程。
2. 问题2： "Collaboration"一词在商务环境中的含义是什么？答案： "Collaboration"在商务环境中指的是不同个人或组织之间的合作，以实现共同的目标或完成项目。
3. 问题3： "Mergers and Acquisitions"通常指的是什么类型的商务活动？答案： "Mergers and Acquisitions"通常指的是公司之间的合并或收购活动，这是企业扩张或重组的一种方式。
4. 问题4： "Stakeholder"在商务英语中通常指谁？答案： "Stakeholder"在商务英语中通常指的是对公司或项目有直接或间接利益的个人或团体。
5. 问题5： "Due Diligence"在商务英语中的含义是什么？答案： "Due Diligence"在商务英语中指的是在进行商务交易前对相关事务进行彻底的调查和评估，以确保交易的合理性和安全性。
商务英语阅读文章短篇阅读欣赏
商务英语阅读⽂章短篇阅读欣赏 多阅读⼀些短篇的英语美⽂，对于我们英语阅读能⼒的提⾼会有所帮助，今天店铺在这⾥为⼤家分享⼀些商务英语阅读⽂章，希望⼤家会喜欢这些英语阅读素材! 商务英语阅读⽂章篇1 8 Golden Rules for Businessmen While starting out on a business endeavour, following a set of rules is crucial for finding success. Without proper rules a business can go spiralling down and without taking too long at it. Following are golden rules that will ensure your success in business. Map it out Map where you want to head. Plant goals and results all across that mental map and keep checking it off once you start achieving them one by one. Care for your people People are your biggest asset. They are the ones who will drive your business to the top. Treat them well and they will treat you well, too. Aim for greatness Build a great company. Build great services or products. Instil a fun culture at your workplace. Inspire innovation. Inspire your people to keep coming with great ideas, because great ideas bring great changes. Be wary Keep a close eye on the people who you partner with. It doesn’t mean you have to be sceptical of them. But you shouldn’t naively believe everything you hear. Be smart and keep your eyes and ears open all the time. Commit and stick to it Once you make a decision, commit to it and follow through. Give it your all. If for some reason that decision doesn’t work, retract, go back to the drawing board and pick an alternate route. In business, you will have to make lots of sacrifices. Be prepared for that. It will all be worth it in the end. Be proactive Be proactive. Just having goals and not doing anything about them will not get you anywhere. If you don’t act, you will not get the results you’re looking for. Perfect timing Anticipation is the key to succeed in business. You should have the skills to anticipate changes in the market place and, the changing consumer preferences. You have to keep a tab on all this. Never rest on your past laurels and always look to inject newness into your business processes. Not giving up That’s the difference between those who succeed and those who don’t. As a businessman you should never give up, no matter what the circumstance. Keep on persevering. You will succeed sooner or later. The key is to never quit trying. Follow these rules and you'll find yourself scaling up the ladder of succcess. 商务英语阅读⽂章篇2 How to Start Making Money on Your Own Terms “Riches come, if they come at all, in response to definite demands, based upon the application of definite principles, and not by chance or luck.” - Napoleon Hill Making millions of dollars would be great – but right now, you’re more concerned about payingyour cable bill so that you don’t have to steal Wi-Fi from Starbucks in order to write your new blog post. Landing on the New York Times Bestsellers list would be stupendous—but right now you’re just trying to find an hour to write amidst working to support yourself and doing the damn dishes and all of those other responsibilities that get in your way. Yes, having it all – “the babe, the boat, the bucks” as Danielle LaPorte () so bluntly puts it—is ideal. But right now, you’re just trying to make ends meet. If only you could make enough money to live off of, you could quit your job and focus. But right now, that seems totally unrealistic. A pipedream. One: Exactly How Much Money Do You Need? “Fix in your mind the exact amount of money you desire. It is not sufficient merely to say ‘I want plenty of money.’ Be definite as to the amount.” - Napoleon Hill Want to make enough money to support yourself? Tell me, how much do you need? You don’t need to think about how much money you need for the rest of your days on planet Earth. That’s ridiculous. How could you possibly predict what you’ll want in 15 years? Instead, reel in your ambitions and make a plan for one year from now. To get crystal clear, ask yourself the following questions: In one year, what does your life look like? (Write as much detail as possible the place you live, how often you go out to eat, what you do on the weekends). How much money will it cost for you to live reasonably? That’s it. In order to figure out your monthly expenses, try Tim Ferriss’ Monthly Expense Calculator. Then, once you have an exact figure… Two: Decide what you’ll exchange for the cash. If you want the money, you’ll have to exchange something for it. To figure out what to exchange for money, ask yourself the following questions: What are my strengths + skills? What types of products + services can I provide? What will people actually pay for? Not sure what you’re good at? Here is a Skills + Strengths worksheet that I created. Don’t get bogged down trying to find your one-true-love. Once you’ve come up with 10 ideas, start testing them immediately. You’ll find your passion eventually, but doing so requires action. Do your research. Ask people what they’d pay you to do. Test your new service on them for free first. Don’t think you have what it takes? Hmm… I think this article titled “How to Really Start a Business” will make you think twice. Three: Plan and take Action! Once you’ve stumbled on a workable idea? Set some concrete goals, kid. I’ve personally just created my own concrete plan called “Project Moolah”. Break it up into chunks. If your plan is to start earning $1,000 a month by this time next year, you’ll want to figure out how much money you’ll need to rake-in every few months until then. When you have a plan, you’ll have motivation on the not-so-inspired days. When you have a plan, you’ll know what steps to take every day. When you have a plan, you reach your goals. Making money is hard work, and I guarantee that you’ll have to make some uncomfortable phone calls. But if you want a great life, you have to do great things. You can see my Project Moolah breakdown here. Does the thought of starting your own business have you feeling totally overwhelmed? You don’t have to use the word business just yet! Think of it this way: you are on a journey to create financial freedom.You’re breaking through the barriers of mediocrity. You’re starting the life that you’re supposed to be living. Bombs away! 商务英语阅读⽂章篇3 Why Startups Should Invent The Next Hot Sauce, Not The Next Instagram It would be foolish to think that anyone could create a pepper sauce as popular as "that famous sauce Mr. McIlhenny makes." For over 140 years, Original Tabasco brand pepper sauce has been made and distributed by the ancestors of its creator, Edmund McIlhenny. Very little has changed since its creation when they sold bottles wholesale to grocers for $1 a bottle. The rush by investors to find the next great tech startup is only a bit slower than the rush of entrepreneurs to try to build the next great tech startup. Success of a startup is graded in months and millions; companies that receive too much, do too little, sell for too low, or take too long to get there are considered failures. While the dream of following in Instagram's footsteps may be honorable and nobody wants to tell anyone that they can't do something (that would be politically incorrect and nearly criminal if told to a minor), there seems to be thousands of companies trying for the get-rich-quick startup strategy and very few (none that I know of, in fact) that are truly playing the game for the long term. There is a shortage of Edmund McIlhennys in Silicon Valley today. That needs to change. Here are some things that would-be (or current) entrepreneurs can learn from Tabasco sauce. Build Something That Will Last Silicon Valley is notorious for flash companies. No, I don't mean Adobe developers. Flash companies are those that take an idea, launch it quickly, get a round or two of funding, then try to sell it to Facebook, Google, Apple, Microsoft, or any of the other players in the tech world. They want to build something as quickly as possible, pawn it off as innovation, and turn it for a huge return. They are often based on ideas that have no chance of lasting, but that doesn't stop investors from pouring money into them. It isn't that the investors are dumb. The investors are smart enough to know that many of the big tech companies are gullible. They aren't looking for something that will last. They aren't even looking for something that will work. They're only looking for something that will sell. A quick scan of the portfolio of companies that Google or Yahoo have bought over the last decade will show a list that is hit or miss; many no longer exist. Startups that build on ideas that truly innovate or create something special for the future that can stand the test of time may not be able to get the billion-dollar paycheck by 2013, but they do have an opportunity to make a lot more money in the long run. More importantly, owning their success and keeping a buyout as an option rather than a goal can make a company more inherently valuable. Build Something Based on Your Passions McIlhenney may have been a banker, but his passion was with peppers. Seriously. He enjoyed the flavor of his own creation with a passion, and it showed in his product. When Pownce first hit the scene, Twitter was already growing but wasn't nearly in the realm of mainstream recognition. Pownce cofounder Kevin Rose loved the concept and decided to build a better version. He did--for all intents and purposes Pownce was superior to Twitter. The problem was that most people, including Rose, didn't like it as much. Rose admitted that he liked being able to share files on Pownce but for true microblogging and lifestreaming he preferred Twitter. It was no shock that a few months after making the declaration, Pownce was purchased and subsequently shuttered completely. If you don't believe in your product, others won't, either. Love your product. If you're building something because you think it will sell and have no passion for it, you'll have a hard time making Instagram-level money from it. Build Something That Doesn't Rely on Other Companies There is nothing more disheartening in the tech world than to become reliant on another company that makes a change. Mahalo was famously dependent on the traffic it received from Google to be able to make money. When Google launched its Panda algorithm update in February 2011, Mahalo and othercompanies were forced to make tough choices, releasing much of their staff as a result of Google's change. It's one thing to build an app on iOS. There is a symbiotic relationship between app developers and Apple that makes the success of one feed off the success of the other. In Mahalo's case, Google got nothing from it. In fact, the Panda update was designed to purge the search engine of unwanted content like that of Mahalo. If Google's getting nothing out of it, they have no incentive to keep the traffic faucet turned on. Startups that rely entirely on Facebook, Google, or any other company to keep their products relevant must either make sure the relationship is mutual or figure out a Plan B if changes happen that are unfavorable. AOL, despite all of the mistakes that they've made over the last decade, is still hanging in there as a relevant company because they diversified. They learned the lessons of the early days when they bet too heavily on the reliance of dial-up Internet connections. Today's AOL may still be struggling, but their struggles are spread over a wider footprint and there are more chances for success based sheerly on their bets being hedged. It's not a perfect formula, but it's one that's keeping them from going the way of Netscape or MySpace. For now. Build Something People Will Want Forever If They Try It Once Addiction is a powerful thing. Tabasco hasn't had to change much over the last 140 years because they found something that people wanted. They found something that people would want to buy at the store, to enjoy at restaurants, and to advocate for to their friends and family. Facebook is the current-day example of an addictive product that compounded upon itself. People liked using it so they encouraged more of their friends and family to join so they could enjoy it even more. They turned their users into status-update-drug-dealers, playing off of their strengths to get their users actively involved in the company's growth. Pinterest is quickly becoming the addiction du jour. They hook their users and they do not rely on other companies as the key to their success. On the contrary, their connections to Facebook and Twitter act only to enhance their product. If they were shut off today by either or both, they would still be able to keep up what they're doing. Build Something Of all the startup ideas that I hear about in today's dreamy Silicon Valley world, the ones that make the least sense are the ones that require no building. It's as if it's a perceived benefit to have something that requires very little coding, developing, or programming. Nothing could be further than the truth. Tabasco is aged for 3 years before it makes it to the bottle. It's not something that Joe Blow rich investor can duplicate. That's not to say that in the tech startup world entrepreneurs should be building something for 3 years before releasing it. Any project that starts today and plans to launch in 3 years will be shifted, pivoted, scrapped, and replaced 15 times during the period. Come up with an idea, work through it with people who know about the subject in question, then find a good person or team of people to make something special. Build something. Ideas are cheaper than a dime a dozen. While some of these turn out to be made of gold, there's a winning idea for every ten thousand lousy ideas, and not all winning ideas will ever see the light of investment capital. If it's something that made to last, that is built on your passions, that relies on no other companies, and that will hook people from the start, then it's something worth building. Build it.。
商务英语阅读第一单元
Chapter 1 General View of InternationalBusinessWTOPara 1engaged ininternational transactionsbe involved inoriginate引起, 发明, 发起, 创办vi. 起源, 发生restrictions n.限制, 约束virtually: in facttariffs: 关税quotas:配额embargo:禁运boycotts:联合抵制barrier:贸易壁垒The World Trade Organization (WTO)inter-governmental organization:政府间的组织flow:流畅(be) based on:以……为基础services:服务settle:解决;平息trade dispute:贸易争端negotiation:谈判promote cooperation:促进合作joint decision-making:共同决策consensus:一致同意;一致意见body:机构;团体council:决策班子;委员会committee:委员会consist of:由…组成entire membership:全体成员administrative support:行政支撑secretariat:秘书处Geneva, Switzerland:瑞士的日内瓦Para. 2trading system:贸易系统date back:追溯到…Bretton Woods: 布雷顿森林conference:会议delegate:代表conceive:构思create:创立;创建the World Bank:世界银行the International Monetary Fund:国际货币基金组织1International trade organization (ITO):国际贸易组织a specialized agency:个别机构charter:宪章ambitious:有抱负的;有雄心壮志的extend beyond:扩充;延伸world trade disciplines:世界贸易原则commodity agreement:国际商品协定restrictive business practices:限制性经营办法international investment:国际投资Havana:哈瓦拉(古巴首都)Cuba:古巴ratification:批准legislation:立法opposition:反对the U.S. Senate:美国上议院driving forces:动力announce:宣布seek:寻求congressional ratification:国会的批准effectively:有效地eventual result:最后的结果subsequent:随后的;后来的creation:创建;创立the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT):关贸总协定be concerned with:关注…primarily:主要的(mainly)reduce barriers to the international trade of goods:减少国际商品贸易壁垒result from:由…所产生provisional: 临时的prosperous:兴旺发达的multilateral:多边的;多国的international commerce:国际贸易overhaul:彻底改革due:应得的;预期的massive modification:巨大的改革Uruguay Round:乌拉圭回合(在乌拉圭的多次国际贸易谈判) Para 3regulate:控制;调节;规范regulating world trade of goods:规范国际商品贸易tariff barriers:关税壁垒non-tariff barriers:非关税壁垒not long after:soongive birth to: 产生(result in…)de facto: 实际上;实事上informally:非正式的over the years:during the following years evolve: 发展;进化set out:订立conduct international trade:进行国际贸易institution:机构temporary:暂时的;临时的recognize:认可replace:代替amend:修改incorporate:合并live on:继续存在updated:最新的text:版本(version)key principles: 主要原则adopt:采用General Agreement on Trade in Services (GATS):服务贸易总协定intellectual property: 知识产权Trade-Related Aspects of International Property Rights (TRIPS):与贸易有关的知识产权协定Para 4signatory (signatories):签署各国intend:打算set up a worldwide trading organization:建立世界贸易组织in the event:最后(eventually)reach an understanding: 达成一致意见(not) increase tariffs beyond their existing level:增加的关税不超过现在的水平Abolition:废除most favored nation:最惠国trading privileges:贸易特权extend:扩展;延伸systems of preferences:优惠系统;特惠系统Commonwealth Preference:英联邦关税特惠制trading blocs:贸易集团establishment:建立common-market type agreements:共同市场协定EC:abbr. 欧共体(European Community)Outward -looking:外向型的Insular:adj.内向型的;海岛的, 孤立的, 超然物外的abolish quotas:废除配额Kennedy Round:肯尼迪回合account for about 80% of international trade:占….. Para. 5emphasis: 重点;强调shift:转换;转移the north-south dialogue:南北对话conduct:进行;实行the United Nations Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD):联合国贸易与发展会议primary commodities:初级商品discriminate (against):歧视protectionist policy:贸易保护主义政策freer access to markets:更自由进入市场的机会WTO Agreements:世贸协定Part 1expansion:扩充governing:控制;调节cover:包括global exchange of goods:全球商品交易capital:资本multi-national organization:多国贸易(be) capable of:能….resolve: 解决trade conflicts:贸易冲突;贸易争端play a key role:发挥关键性的作用settle trade disputes:解决贸易争端at its heart:起核心作用legal:法定的ground-rules:章程essentially:本质上bind governments to keep their trade policies:约束各国政府保持贸易政策不变within agreed limits:已经过协议的范围内as negotiated and signed governments:作为经过谈判和签署协议的各国政府objective:目标;目的achieve:实现tolerance:宽容generosity:大度impartial means of settling trade disputes:公正解决贸易争端的办法overriding purpose:最重要的目的undesirable side effects:不希望发生的副作用obstacles:障碍ensure:确保;保证individuals:个体transparent:透明的readily:容易地ascertainable:确定的predictable:可预见的protectionism:贸易保护主义bloated:膨胀的inefficient:低效率的closure:关闭draft:草拟drafted and signed by community of trading nations: 由各贸易国共同草拟和签署的considerable debate:充分的辩论controversy:争论function:作用forum:论坛Part 2dispute settlement:解决争端conflicting interest:利益冲突bring actions on its own initiative:独自采取行动initiate actions:采取行动dispute settlement process:解决争端程序spell out:讲清除;详细说明Understanding on Rules and Procedures Governing the Settlement of Disputes:解决争端规则和程序的谅解govern:管理;统治;控制dispute settlement body:解决争端机构a special assembly:立法机构consultation:磋商interested third-parties:有利益关系的第三当事人the establishment of a panel:建立专家组investigate:调查alleged violations:对违反…的指控appellate review:上诉审查Appellate Body:上诉机构adoption of the panel: 采纳专家意见appellate decision by the Dispute Settlement Body:解决争端机构的上诉裁决implementation of the decision adopted:执行所采纳的裁决escalating:逐步上升的;循序渐进的three-step process:三个步骤voluntary conformity:自愿一致the violating member: 侵害方compensation:赔偿the injured member:被侵害方trade concessions:贸易让步;妥协accomplish:实现retaliation:报复arbitration:仲裁Agreement Establishing the World Trade Organization:建立世界贸易组织协定Part 3antidumping: 反倾销imposition:强加impositionof antidumping:强加反倾销(报复) countervailing measures:抵销措施;补偿措施fair value:公平价值dumping: 倾销recognize:公认prohibit:禁止an established industry:已有的工业materially:从物质上inhibit:抑制;约束domestic industry:国内工业provide: 规定impose:强行征税antidumping duty:反倾销税in appropriate circumstances:在适当的情况下outline:概述subsidy:津贴;补助金bounty:津贴bestow:给予artificially cheaper:人为造成的便宜emerging industries: 新兴工业a member nation: 成员国a countervailing duty:反倾销税;反补贴税offset:抵销Part 4lengthy and complex:漫长而复杂的legal texts:法律文本cover a wide range of activities:涉及范围广government purchases: 政府采购food sanitation regulations:食品卫生规则intellectual property:知识产权fundamental principles:基本原则run throughout all of these documents:应用与所有文件worldwide, multilateral trading system:全世界多边贸易系统states v. :规定discrimination:歧视discriminate:歧视grante:准予;承认most-favoured-nation (MFN) status:最惠国地位national treatment (国民待遇)freer:更自由的prediatable:可以预见的arbitrarily:任意地;随意地more competitive:更据竞争性的discouraging: 打击market share:市场份额beneficial:受益的flexibility:灵活性special privileges:特权Part 6cost-free: 免费的;不付出代价的attain:获得applicant:申请者go through:经过existing members:现有成员国prospective members:申请加入的国家engage in some painful reforms:进行一些难度很大的改革curb export subsidies(subsidy):控制;抑制enforcement of laws:强制执行法律intellectual property piracy:侵犯知识产权的行为1.2 Globalization1.2.1.globalization:全球化globe: 地球;世界integrated:综合的a more integrated and interdependent world economy:更加综合和相互依赖的世界经济components:成分;因素the globalization of markets:全球化市场the globalization of production:全球化生产1.2.1.1the merging of historically distinct and separate national markets into one huge global marketplace:从过去的明显的单一国内市场融汇为一个巨大的全球市场the taste and preference:品味和偏好converge on a global norm:汇聚为一个全球标准Citicorp credit cards:花旗银行信用卡Levi’s jeans:Levi’s 牛仔服Sony Walkmans and Discmans:Nintendo game players:任天堂游戏机hold up:认为prototypical:典型的trend:趋势Levi Strauss:一公司名(Levi’s strauss 牛仔裤) benefactor: 贡献者;恩人;捐助者facilitator:推动者standardized product:标准化产品the size of these multinational giants:跨国公司规模facilitate: 推动;促进triple:增至三倍account for:占target emerging markets:瞄准新兴市场close to: nearlyPart 2prevalence:流行Sony PlayStations:索尼游戏站push too far: (将某事)过分扩大give way to:让位于….significant:重要的relevant dimensions:相关方面distribution channels:销售渠道culturally embedded value systems:根深帝固的文化价值观念marketing strategy:营销策略and the like: and so onoperating practice: 操作习惯customize:为用户定制best match conditions in a country:最好地与当地国家的情况相适应promote: 开发varying car models:不同的汽车类型a range of factors:一系列的因素traffic congestion:交通拥堵Part 3currently:目前;现在universal need the world over: 全球性的需要the world over:all over the worldcommodity: 商品aluminum:铝microprocessor:微型处理器DRAMs: computer memory chips:电脑存储芯片commercial jet aircraft:商用喷气式飞机financial assets:金融资产US Treasury bills:美国短期债券,偿还期一般为三到六个月futures on the Nikkei Index:日经期货指数the Nikkei Index 东京证券交易所Eurobonds: 欧洲债券Mexican peso:墨西哥比索Part 4an important feature:特点;特征confront:面对;对抗competitor:竞争对手in nation after nation:一个又一个国家rivalry:竞争rival: 对手Pepsi:百事可乐Ford:美国福特汽车公司Toyota:丰田汽车Boeing:波音公司Air-bus:空中客车Caterpillar:公司名Komatsu:公司名Nintendo:任天堂Sony:索尼gain an advantage:取得优势homogeneity:同质:同种multinational enterprise:跨国企业emerge:出现convergence:集中homogeneous:相似的;同类的1.2.1.2 The Globalization of Production tendency: 趋向source:寻找(search for)take advantage of national differences:利用国家之间的不同in the cost and quality:在成本与质量方面factors of production:生产要素overall cost structure:全部成本结构functionality:功能major component parts:主要零件supplier:供应商fuselage, doors and wings:机身,机门和机翼the nose landing gear:飞机起落架wing flaps: 副翼;阻力板rationale:基本原理outsource: 外购;外包perform:从事;做enhance: 提高;增强Part 2dispersal:分散get into the act:参加;插手Swan Optical: 公司名(a company)manufacturer:制造商distributor:销售商eyewear:眼镜revenue:收入jointly: 共同的minority stake:少数股份locations:地方(places)designer eyewear:设计师的眼镜charge a premium price: 获取保险费溢价disperse:分散competitive advantage:竞争优势exemplify:例证;作为…例子irrelevant:不恰当的;不相关的the outsourcing of productive activities:外购(外包)的生产活动substantial:很大的;重要的impediment:障碍optimal dispersion:理想的分散(生产活动)Part 3travel down the road toward…:go toward…characterized by…以…为特点important actors in this drama:这个舞台上的重要演员foster:促进merely:onlyrespond: 相应;回应1.2.2. Implications for the Globalization of Production decline: 下降Implications for International Business:国际贸易的含义due to:由于containerization:集装箱化transportation cost:运输成本associated with…:与…有关technological innovation:技术革新information processing:数据处理;信息处理fall dramatically:很大的下降in the past two decades:在过去的二十年里essential:重要的Texas Instrument (TI): a firm in the US approximately:大约coordinate:管理;协调on a global scale:在全球的范围内remote entry terminals:远程终端inquiry terminals: 查询终端mainframe computers:大型计算机vast:大量的instantaneously:瞬间的;立刻的implement:实现Part 2electronic:电子的Hewlett-Packard: a US firm(be) composed of:由…组成videoconferencing technology:视频会议技术on a weekly basis:每周一次的via: 通过by way ofintegration:综合管理1.22.2Implications for the Globalization of Markets facilitate:推动economical:节约的;经济的mass movement of people:(人们)大量移动cultural distance:文化差距bring about:使…产生convergence:集中consumer tastes and preferences:消费品味和偏好CNN: 美国有限新闻网络primary conveyor:主要载体evolution:发展;演变akin:类似的emergence:出现Rio (巴西)里约热内卢Berlin:柏林Gap jeans:一种牛仔服品牌San Francisco:旧金山Part 4 overemphasize:过分强调usher in:引领conduct:做;操作ignore:忽视peril:危险。
大学商务英语阅读
Bull market :牛市 bear market熊市 budget 预算balance sheet资产负债表income statement收益表。
损益表 working capital 周转资金inventory control 库存控制。
储量控制quality assurance 质量保证just-in-time delivery 适时原料输送multinational corporations 跨国公司commercial paper 商业票据leverage 借款投机。
杠杆作用market segmentation 市场细分distribution channels销售渠道exclusive distribution独家经销competitive advantage 竞争优势product differentiation产品差异化break-even Point 盈亏临界点。
保本点brand 牌名，品牌intellectual property 知识财产agency 代理breach of contract合同horizontal organization 横向管理体系division of labor职责分工downsizing 裁员flextime 弹性工作制board of directors 董事会chief executive officer 首席执行官acquisition 收购employee stock options 职工股票先购权performance appraisal system 工作表现评估制gross domestic product国内生产总值profit 利润supply供给sole proprietorship独资企业unlimited liability 无限责任shareholders 股东。
股票持有人equilibrium price均衡价格，平衡价格pure competition 纯自由竞争oligopoly 寡头垄断monopoly垄断fiscal policy 财政政策democratic leader 民主型领导crisis management 危机管理private corporation 私营企业subsidiary corporation附属公司，子公司中译英翻译题一：大熊猫是一种温顺的动物，长着独特的黑白皮毛。
(完整版)0商务英语阅读练习(答案)_共14页
Business English Reading Comprehension Passage OneThe relationship between the home and market economies had gone through two distinct stages. Early industrialization began the process of transferring some production processes (e. g. cloth-making, sewing and canning foods) from the home to the marketplace. Although the home economy could still produce these goods, the processes were laborious and the market economy was usually more efficient. Soon the more important second stage was evident --the marketplace began producing goods and services that had never been produced by the home economy, and the home economy was unable to produce them (e. g. electricity and electrical appliances, the automobile, advanced education, sophisticated medical care). In the second stage, the question of whether the home economy was less efficient in producing these new goods and services was irrelevant; if the family were to enjoy these fruits of industrialization, they would have to be obtained in the marketplace. The traditional ways of taking care of these needs in the home such as in nursing the sick, became unacceptable (and, in most serious cases, probably less successful). Just as the appearance of the automobile made the use of the horse drawn carriage illegal and then impractical, and the appearance of television changed the radio from a source of entertainment to a source of background music, so most of the fruits of economic growth did not increase the options available to the home economy to either produce the goods or services or purchase them in the market. Growth brought with it increased variety in consumer goods, but not increased flexibility for the home economy in obtaining these goods and services. Instead, economic growth brought with it increased consumer reliance on the marketplace. In order to consume these new goods and services, the family had to enter the marketplace as wage earners and consumers. The neoclassical(新古典主义的) model that views the family as deciding whether to produce goods and services directly or to purchase them in the marketplace is basically a model of the first stage. It cannot accurately be applied to the second (and current) stage.1. The reason why many production processes were taken over by the marketplace was that______.A.it was a necessary step in the process of industrializationB.they depended on electricity available only to the market economyC.it was troublesome to produce such goods in the homeD.the marketplace was more efficient with respect to these processes2. It can be seen from the passage that in the second stage ______.A.some traditional goods and services were not successful when provided by the homeeconomyB.the market economy provided new goods and services never produced by the homeeconomyC.producing traditional foods at home became socially never produced by the homeeconomyD.whether new goods and services were produced by the home economy became irrelevant3. During the second stage, if the family wanted to consume new goods and services, they had to enter the marketplace ______.A.as wage earnersB.both as manufacturers and consumersC.both as workers and purchasersD.as customers4.Economic growth did not make it more flexible for the home economy to obtain the newgoods and services because ______.A.the family was not efficient in productionB.it was illegal for the home economy to produce themC.it could not supply them by itselfD.the market for these goods and services was limited5. The neoclassical model is basically a model of the first stage, because at this stage ______.A.The family could rely either on the home economy or the marketplace for the neededgoods and services.B.many production processes were being transferred to the marketplaceC.consumers relied more and more on the market economyD.the family could decide how to transfer production processes to the marketplacePassage TwoAs is known to all, the organization and management of wages and salaries are very complicated. Generally speaking, the Account Department is responsible for calculations of pay, while the Personnel Department is interested in discussions with the employees about pay.If a firm wants to adopt a new wage and salary structure, it is essential that the firm should decide on a method of job evaluation and ways of measuring the performance of its employees. In order to be successful, that new pay structure will need agreement between Trade Unions and employers.In job evaluation, all of the requirements of each job are defined in a detailed job description. Each of those requirements is given a value, generally in “points”, which are added together to give a total value for the job. For middle and higher management, a special method is used to evaluate managers on their knowledge of the job, their responsibility, and their ability to solve problems. Because of the difficulty in measuring management work, however, job grades for managers are often decided without reference to an evaluation system based on points.In attempting to design a pay system, the Personnel Department should compare the value of each job with those in the job market. It should also consider economic factors such as the cost of living and the labor supply.It is necessary that payment for a job should vary with any distinctions in the way that job is performed. Where it is simple to measure the work done, as in the work done with the hands, monetary encouragement schemes are often chosen; for indirect workers, where measurement is difficult, methods of additional payments are employed.6. If a company wants its new pay structure to be successful, it is necessary to _______.A. give the workers extra pay to encourage themB. share the same opinion between the Trade Union and the employersC. consult some problems associated with payD. adopt a special way to evaluate the performance of its employees7. The methods of additional payments are adopted for indirect workers because __________.A. they don't have a higher payB. the firm hasn't enough fundC. the measurement of their work is very difficultD. their work is less important than that of other workers8. What should a firm consider in designing a new pay system?A. The value of each job alone.B. The method of calculating the pay.C. The requirements of each job.D. The labor supply and the cost of living.9. It can be inferred from the passage that _______.A. only the Accounts Department is involved in the management of salariesB. different job performances should be given different paymentsC. an evaluation system based on points is usually used to measure management workD. evaluating management work makes no difference from other work10. The main purpose of this passage is to _______.A. explain how the performance of a job can be measured in pointsB. describe the responsibilities of various departmentsC. tell readers how a firm can succeed in adopting a new pay systemD. tell readers how difficult the management work isPassage ThreeSelling skills can be very useful to you in your personal life. For example, have you ever wanted to use someone else's car? You had to use selling skills to persuade the owner to let you use it. When you apply for a job, you should really be trying to persuade the employer that you will be good employee. If you run for an elected office in an organization, you are really trying to sell yourself to others. You are trying to convince people that you have good ideas and will provide the type of leadership needed by that organization. Selling involves persuading others to accept your ideas or your advice.Selling skills are also important in most jobs. Business managers want to hire people who are creative, who work well with others, and who contribute to the success of their business. In the world of business, selling is a very important function. Business owners use selling skills to gain acceptance from customers and employees about store policies and procedures. Successful salespeople use selling skills to assist customers in making wise buying decisions.What Is Selling?Selling involves the art of communicating effectively with people — simply explaining how a product or service will benefit the customer. Customers will not purchase a product or service until they are convinced that they will benefit from owning that product or service. The salesperson needs to explain, advise, and generally help the customer. In fact, his most important job is to assist the customer in making a wise buying decision. The word selling is defined as:1. assisting the customer, and2. helping the customer make a wise buying decision.Assisting the CustomerBusiness in America today is very competitive. In our free enterprise system, there are many businesses that sell similar products and services. For example, you can purchase a pair of jeans from a department store, a women’s or men's apparel shop, a specialty store, or a discount store. Because customers can purchase the same product or service from more than one business, it is important that businesses provide polite, friendly service to customers. If customers do not receive polite and capable help from salespeople at a business, they may decide to purchase from another business. Salespeople make sure they provide the help customers expect.Helping the Customer Make a Wise Buying DecisionThe most important responsibility of any salesperson is to help customers make wise buying decisions. Customers have made wise buying decisions when they receive benefits from the products or services they have purchased. These benefits are called buyer benefits. A buyer benefit is the gain or personal benefit customers receive from the products or services they purchase. The salesperson's job is to make sure his customers purchase the products or services which will most benefit them.The Importance of SellingSelling is important to our economy, to business, and to the American people. In order to understand its importance, you need to be familiar with some basic facts about each segment of the American economy.The economy of our country is divided into three phases: production, marketing, and consumption. Production refers to the physical creation of goods and services. Farming, mining, fishing, lumbering, and manufacturing make up the production phase of our economy. Thousands of goods and services are produced each year. These goods and services, however, do not sell themselves. After goods and services have been produced, they must be made available to consumers for purchase. Marketing is the process through which goods and services flow from the producer to the consumer. Wholesalers and retailers make up the marketing phase of our economy.Selling is the most important marketing function performed by retail and wholesale businesses. Wholesalers buy from producers and sell to retailers. Retailers buy from producers and wholesalers and sell to consumers. Consumers are the users of goods and services in our society. The process of using goods and services is called consumption.What contribution does selling make to our economy? The role of selling in our society is to identify and provide the goods and services that will satisfy the needs and wants of the consumer. Manufacturers, wholesalers, and retailers all depend on customers to purchase products and services. When a business's sales decline, the company usually reduces the number of its employees. The jobs of the many people who produce and provide goods and services, therefore, depend on successful salespeople. When customers purchase products and services, they help create employment in manufacturing, wholesaling, and retailing. Full employment in our country creates additional purchasing power for our consumers. Selling, therefore, assists in maintaining the high standard of living enjoyed in our country.What contribution does selling make to a business? The role of business in society is toprovide the types of products and services which consumers need and want. It is the job of the salesperson, as the business's representative, to satisfy the customers' needs and wants. Salespeople, and the manner in which they treat customers, can really determine the success or failure of most businesses.What contribution does selling make to the American consumer? Salespeople are often the only contact a customer has with a business. Salespeople represent the business to the customer. They should offer sincere, honest, friendly, and courteous service to customers. The salesperson's job is to make sure the customer benefits from purchasing a product or service. Salespeople can save customers time and money by providing product information, showing how a product or service will benefit the customer, and making sure customers purchase the products and services which will best meet their needs and wants.11.The main idea of the first paragraph is ________.A. the importance of selling skills in managing a companyB. the importance of selling skills in job-huntingC. the importance of selling skills in one’s personal lifeD. the importance of selling skills in borrowing12.Selling is defined in this article as _______________________________A. helping the customer, and helping him make a wise buying decisionB. getting customers to buy goodsC. getting customers to buy servicesD. Both B and C13.Business in America today is very competitive, because ___________.A. there are too many kinds of goods in the marketB. there are not many demanding customersC. there are too many similar kinds of goods or servicesD. there are too many businesses14.The three phases of the American economy are ____________________.A. manufacture, wholesale and retailB. production, sale and after-sale serviceC. production, marketing and consumptionD. production, consumption and service15.Which of the following is NOT true?A. Salespeople represent a business to the customer.B. Salespeople must offer satisfactory service to customers.C. Salespeople should help customers buy the products that will best benefit customers.D. The success or failure of salespeople has little to do with the success or failure of a business in most cases.Passage FourThe so-called Americanization phenomenon seems to be a consequence of the recent globalization in our world. If we find American products worldwide, it is also increasinglycommon to find Asian products in the United States.Going to any country in Asia nowadays, we are going to see a lot of the American icons (图标)everywhere. A few years ago when I was in Ho-Chi-Min City, formerly known as Saigon, I was completely astonished at the number of billboards advertising products from multinational companies, many of them American. It is unforgettable for me—the vision of the spectacular Coca-Cola billboard on a Ho-Chi-Min Street.Living in the United Slates now, I am discovering many Asian products in America, from food to movies. In one day in San Francisco, or Seattle, or Houston, we can buy Sisheido cosmetics from Japan at the Galleria Mall, have sushi(寿司) and sashimi(生鱼片) in one of the many Japanese restaurants in the city, go to the cinema and enjoy the beautiful American-Chinese movie Crouching Tiger, Hidden Dragon, and take home spring rolls from one of the many Chinese restaurants in town.I understand that a great many people would like to hold hack the globalization process in the world because they think they are losing their own culture, but it is very difficult to stop this process. We can only try to be critical and choose what is best for us to have or to buy.However, many people think that young people are not free to choose when they are constantly exposed to attractive advertisements that are specially made to capture the youth market. Peaceful protests could be arranged just to help people to think about the situation, but the tendency in our world is that we want globalization, but we don't want to lose our own culture.16. The Americanization phenomenon is more possible to be the result of ______.A. the influence of Americanization on the worldB. the influence of the West on the EastC. the globalization in the worldD. American products worldwide17. What was the author in the passage particularly impressed by?A. The wonderful American-Chinese movie.B. The delicious Japanese food in American cities.C. The high quality of Asian products.D. The fantastic advertisement for an American product.18.We can learn from the passage that one of the consequences of globalization that manypeople worry about is ______.A. the spread of culture from one country to anotherB. the destruction of cultural identitiesC. the prevalence of American cultureD. the resistance to globalization worldwide19. What attitude should we have towards the globalization process?A. Disapproving.B. Pessimistic.C. Critical.D. Indifferent.20. Young people today can't really choose what they should buy because they _______.A. are influenced by American cultureB. don't know what is suitable for themC. are critical about everything in the worldD. are faced with too many powerful advertisementsPassage FiveThe appeal of advertising to buying motives can have both negative and positive effects. Consumers may be convinced to buy a product of poor quality or high price because of an advertisement. For example, some advertisers appealed to people's desire for better fuel economy for their cars by advertising automotive products that improve gasoline mileage. Some of the products work. Others are worthless and a waste of consumers' money.Sometimes advertising is intentionally misleading. A few years ago a brand of bread was offered to dieters (节食者. with the message that there were fewer calories (热量单位,大卡) in every slice. It turned out that the bread was not dietetic (适合于节食的), but just regular bread. There were fewer calories because it was sliced very thin, but there were the same number of calories in every loaf.On the positive side, emotional appeals may respond to a consumer's real concerns. Consider fire insurance. Fire insurance may be sold by appealing to fear of loss. But fear of loss is the real reason for fire insurance. The security of knowing that property is protected by insurance makes the purchase of fire insurance a worthwhile investment for most people. If consumers consider the quality of the insurance plans as the message in the ads, they will benefit from the advertising.Each consumer must evaluate her or his own situation. Are the benefits of the product important enough to justify buying it? Advertising is intended to appeal to consumers, but it does not force them to buy the product. Consumers still control the final buying decision.21. Advertising can persuade the consumer to buy worthless products by ________.A. stressing their high qualityB. convincing him of their low priceC. maintaining a balance between quality and priceD. appealing to his buying motives22. The reason why the bread advertisement is misleading is that ________.A. thin slices of bread could contain more caloriesB. the loaf was cut into regular slicesC. the bread was not genuine breadD. the total number of calories in the loaf remained the same23. The passage tells us that _________.A. sometimes advertisements really sell what the consumer needsB. advertisements occasionally force consumers into buying things they don't needC. the buying motives of consumers are controlled by advertisementsD. fire insurance is seldom a worthwhile investment24. It can be inferred from the passage that a smart consumer should ________.A. think carefully about the benefits described in the advertisementsB. guard against the deceiving nature of advertisementsC. be familiar with various advertising strategiesD. avoid buying products that have strong emotional appeal25. The passage is mainly about _________.A. how to make a wise buying decisionB. ways to protect the interests of the consumerC. the positive and negative aspects of advertisingD. the function of advertisements in promoting salesPassage SixThe Supreme Court's recent decision allowing regional interstate banks has done away with one restriction in America's banking operation, although many others still remain. Although the ruling does not apply to very large money-center banks, it is a move in a liberalizing direction that could in the end push Congress into framing a sensible legal and regulatory system that allows banks to plan their future beyond the next court case.The restrictive laws that the courts are interpreting are mainly a legacy（遗赠物）of the bank failures of the 1930's. The current high rate of bank failure—higher than at any time since the Great Depression—has made legislators afraid to remove the restrictions. While their legislative timidity （胆怯）is understandable, it is also mistaken. One reason so many American banks are getting into trouble is precisely that the old restrictions make it hard for them to build a domestic base large and strong enough to support their activities in today's telecommunicating round-the-clock, around-the-world financial markets.In trying to escape from these restrictions, banks are taking enormous, and what should be unnecessary, risks. For instance, would a large bank be buying small, failed savings banks at inflated prices if federal law and states regulations permitted that bank to explain instead through the acquisition of financially healthy banks in the region? Of course not. The solution is clear. American banks will be sounder when they are not geographically limited.The house of Representative's banking committee has shown part of the way forward by recommending common-sensible, though limited, legislation for a five-year transition to nationwide banking. This would give regional banks time to group together to form counterweights to the big money-center banks. Without this breathing space the big money-center banks might soon extend across the country to develop. But any such legislation should be regarded as only a way station on the road towards a complete examination of American's suitable banking legislation.26. The restrictive banking laws of the 1930's are still on the book because _______.A. the bank failures of the 1930's were caused by restrictive courtsB. banking has not changed during the past 50 yearsC. legislators believe banking problems similar to those of the Depression still exist todayD. the banking system is too restrictive, but no alternatives have been suggested27. According to the author, the change to a nationwide banking system should be _______.A. postponed until the consequences can be evaluatedB. gradual so that regional banks have a chance to compete with larger banksC. immediate because we can't afford any more bank failuresD. much faster to overcome legislative fear28. It can be inferred from the passage that _______.A. many restrictions in banking operation have been cancelledB. the ruling of removing the restriction can make the banks plan their future freelyC. the ruling of removing the restriction can't be applicable to all banksD. the old restrictions will be helpful to set up a powerful domestic base29. What is the author's attitude towards the current banking laws?A. Tolerant and disapproved.B. Concerned and dissatisfied.C. Understandable and indifferent.D. Supportive and admirable.30. The main idea of the passage is that _______.A. despite many bank failures, the nature of banking has not really changed so muchB. the current banking law must be useful to today's banksC. center banks currently have too much power as compared with the regional banksD. banks have been forced to take needless and dangerous risks due to the restrictions Passage SevenOver the past decade, American companies have tried hard to find ways to discourage senior managers from feathering their own nests at the expense of their shareholder. The three most popular reforms have been recruiting more outside directors in order to make boards more independent, linking bosses' pay to various performance measures, and giving bosses share options, so that they have the same long-term interests as their shareholders.These reforms have been widely adopted by America's larger companies, and surveys suggest that many more companies are thinking of following their lead. But have they done any good? Three papers presented at the annual meeting of the Academy of Management in Boston this week suggest not. As is usually the case with boardroom tinkering, the consequences have differed from those intended.Start with those independent boards. On the face of it, dismissing the boss's friends from the board and replacing them with outsiders looks a perfect way to make senior managers more accountable. But that is not the conclusion of a study by Professor James Westphal. Instead, he found that bosses with a boardroom full of outsiders spend much of their time building alliances, doing personal favors and generally pleasing the outsiders.All too often, these seductions succeed. Mr. Westphal found that, to a remarkable degree,"independent" boards pursue strategies that are likely to favor senior managers rather than shareholders. Such companies diversify their business, increase the pay of executives and weaken the link between pay and performance.To assess the impact of performance-related pay, Mr. Westphal asked the bosses of 103 companies with sales of over $ 1 billion what measurements were used to determine their pay. The measurements varied widely, ranging from sales to earnings per share. But the researcher's big discovery was that bosses attend to measures that affect their own incomes and ignore or play down other factors that affect a company's overall success.In short, bosses are quick to turn every imaginable system of corporate government to their advantage-which is probably why they are the people who are put in charge of things. Here is paradox for the management theorists: any boss who can not beat a system designed to keep him under control is probably not worth having not beat a system designed to keep him under control is probably not worth having.31. What is the purpose of the large companies in recruiting outsiders and putting them on the board of directors?A.To diversify the business of the corporation.B.To enhance the cooperation between the senior managers and the board directors.C.To protect the interests of the shareholders.D.To introduce effective reforms in business management.32. What does Professor James Westphal’s study suggest?A.With a boardroom full of outsiders, senior managers work more conscientiously.B.Outside board directors tend to be more independent.C.Boardroom reforms have failed to achieve the desired result.D.Cooperation between senior managers and board directors suffered from the reforms.33. The word “seduction” in the fourth paragraph probably means “____”A. efforts to conquerB. exertions to understandC. endeavors to increase profitsD. attempts to win over34. Which of the following statements is true?A. Corporate executives in general are worth the high pay they receive.B. The income of corporate executives is proportional to the growth of corporate profits.C. Corporate executives tend to take advantage of their position to enrich themselves.D. The performance of corporate executives affects their own interests more than those of the shareholders.35. How does the author feel about the efforts to control senior executives?A. approving.B. optimistic.C. positive.D. doubtfulPassage EightHenry Ford, the famous U.S. inventor and car manufacturer, once said, “The business of America is business.” By this he meant that the U.S. way of life is based on the values of the business world.。
商务英语阅读
商务英语阅读1. 简介商务英语阅读是指通过阅读商务相关的英语文本，提高商务英语的阅读理解能力和词汇量。
在商业活动中，英语已经成为一种全球通用的商务语言，因此对于从事商务工作的人员来说，具备良好的商务英语阅读能力至关重要。
2. 商务英语阅读的重要性2.1. 全球化趋势随着全球化趋势的加速发展，各国企业之间的商务合作日益频繁。
无论是商务洽谈、合同签署还是市场调研，都需要与国际商务伙伴进行有效的沟通和交流。
商务英语阅读能力的提升将帮助人们更好地理解和运用商务英语，从而顺利开展国际商务活动。
2.2. 拓宽职业发展渠道具备良好的商务英语阅读能力可以为个人的职业发展带来更多机会。
在跨国公司或国际组织中，流利地阅读和理解商务英语文本是进一步晋升的关键因素。
而且，许多商业类的高级学位和认证考试中，商务英语的阅读部分占据很重要的一部分。
2.3. 提高跨文化交流能力商务英语阅读不仅仅是理解英语文本的能力，还涉及到对不同文化间的理解和适应。
在商业活动中，不同背景和文化背景的人们会有不同的思维方式和沟通方式。
通过阅读商务英语文本，可以更好地了解不同文化之间的差异，提高跨文化交流能力。
3. 商务英语阅读的技巧3.1. 扩大词汇量商务英语阅读中经常会遇到一些行业术语和专业词汇。
为了更好地理解商务文本，我们需要积累并掌握相关的词汇。
可以通过背单词、多读商业类文章和相关书籍等方式来扩大词汇量。
3.2. 学会推测上下文在商务英语阅读中，不一定每个生词都需要查字典。
通过上下文的提示和推测，我们可以大概理解词汇的意思，从而不影响整体的理解。
这种技巧可以提高阅读速度和效率。
3.3. 注重细节商务英语文本中的细节对于理解整个文章的意义非常重要。
我们需要注重抓住关键信息，如数字、时间、地点等，并与上下文进行关联。
这将帮助我们更准确地理解文章的含义。
3.4. 练习阅读速度商务英语阅读要求阅读速度较快，因为在商务场景下，时间通常比较紧迫。
通过阅读商务英语文章并进行速读训练，可以提高阅读速度和阅读理解能力。
商务英语阅读(第二版)+大学英语翻译教程(第三版)答案
王关富《商务英语阅读（第二版）》参考答案Unit 1Why China WorksExercises1. Answer the questions on the text:1) How does the author view the Chinese economy?It is the most important bright spot in the world economy under the global recession, the only major economy that is likely to show significant growth this year, and the only one that routinely breaks every rule in the economic textbook. 2) According to the author, why can the Chinese economy perform so well?Because of:(1) the capacity for state control by the Chinese government.(2) its rejection of exotic financial innovations that are the melting core of the global credit crisis.(3) the integration of its economic policies between traditional market tools and state control measures.3) In what way does the author imply that western economists are erroneous in their bias toward “China’s market economic system”?The United States and Europe are moving toward state control by nationalizing their banking and car industries, and imposing heavy new regulation on the financial industry.4) What is the view of Stephen Roach on the Chinese economy system?Investment is the backbone of sustainable growth in the Chinese economy, which works more effectively than other market based systems in times of economic stress.5) Why can China work in the eye of the author?It has followed a radical pragmatism focusing on a slow but steady shift toward freer markets.6) What is regarded as the strategic thinking of the Chinese leaders in market reforms?They understand even under the serious financial crisis that it can stabilize the Chinese market and economy to introduce more sophisticated forms of securitization, including stock index funds, corporate bonds and other debt products. They also realize that, in the course of doing this, they should learn from the mistakes the westerners have made.7) What is the example given to illustrate the steadiness of the Chinese leaders in their policy execution?They continue to allow the value of yuan to rise despite of the American charges and the need for export competitiveness by their own enterprises.8) What is “shock therapy”?It is the economic policy adopted in Russia from 1991 to 1992 that totally deregulated prices and lead to a runaway inflation. It proved to be all shock and no therapy.9) In what ways does the Chinese economic system work efficiently?It can get things done quickly, move in a coherent manner, and marshal its people and resources to a common target: economic growth and prosperity.11) What are the Internet and public opinion used for?For putting pressure on local officials and influencing policy decisions.2. Fill in each blank of the following sentences with one of the phrases in the list given below. Make changes when necessary.1)At a time when the need is growing for mental health services, many countries are unfortunately cutting back on itsspending.2)There is an increasing number of people out of work. But the western media often unfairly label them as lazy andreliable.3)Now that the flow of oil has been stopped by BP, the impact of all the spilled oil and natural gas is still beingmeasured.4)Once again its ability to steer economic policy will be tested against the ability to deliver on services and projectsaimed at growing the economy and jobs.5)Housing prices are incredibly high today. But he bought his house for a song about five years ago.6)As people are complaining high prices, especially those related to daily necessities, the government feels rather urgentto hold down inflation rate immediately.7)Under the new economy policy investors are invited to buy into state-owned enterprises.8)Since a serious gun shooting occurred in Arizona last week, security concerns have trickled down to all places,including residential buildings.9)Social unrest is a daily occurrence in the country nowadays. It is in the last place when it comes to investment formultinational companies.10)Efforts to ban smoking in China are so effective yet. Some chain smokers never think of quitting while many othershave battled in vain to quit.3. Match the terms in column A with the definitions in column B:A_______________________ B__________________________________1)financial innovation A) A reduction in the general availability of loans (orcredit) or a sudden tightening of the conditionsrequired to obtain a loan from the banks.72)stimulus package B) A non-bank entity or organization such asinvestment companies and mutual funds thatinvests in large quantities. 83)overheating C)A legal entity created by a government to undertakecommercial activities on its behalf. 64)stamp tax D) The trading of a corporation's stock or othersecurities (e.g. bonds or stock options) byindividuals with potential access to non-publicinformation.9E) An industry that requires large amounts of capital, machinery and equipment toproduce goods. 55)capital-intensive sector F) Generation of new and creative approaches tosecurities, money management or investing. 16)state-run firm G) An economy that is expanding so rapidly that toomuch money is chasing too few goods andeconomists fear a rise in inflation . 37)credit crisis H) tax levied on certain legal transactions such as thetransfer of a property such as building, copyright,land, patent, and securities. 48)institutional investor I) A plan or a series of measures taken by agovernment to jump-start its ailing economy,generally as a part of its fiscal policy. 210) insider trading4. Translate the following passage into Chinese.我们所面临的来自中国的真正挑战并不是他们向我们大量销售的货物，而恰恰相反，是他们正在提升的价值链。
商务英语阅读第二版课后练习题含答案
商务英语阅读第二版课后练习题含答案商务英语是一门应用广泛的英语，商务英语的学习不仅可以增进学生对英语的掌握程度，同时也可以提高学生商务英语应用能力。
商务英语阅读是商务英语中非常重要的部分。
本文将针对《商务英语阅读第二版》的课后练习题进行分析，并提供题目答案供学生参考和练习。
第一章商务读物练习一1.What is the most important organizational principle in amemo?答案：clear organization.2.What kind of information do people NOT usually write in afax?答案：information that’s too long or personal.3.What is the mn advantage of a letter over other kinds ofcorrespondence?答案：the formality of the letter can reflect the importance of the correspondence.练习二1.In memo writing, what does the author suggest as a goodorganizational device?答案：section headings.2.Why is it important to make sure that a fax is fully self-contned?答案：because faxes can be separated from their cover pages, it is important to make sure they are fully self-contned.3.Describe one way that e-ml differs from other kinds ofcorrespondence.答案：e-ml is informal and often contns conversational language.第二章商务智能练习一1.How is a database different from a spreadsheet?答案：in a database, data is organized into tables while in a spreadsheet, data is organized alphabetically.2.What is the primary purpose of a data warehouse?答案：to store data for analysis and decision making.3.What is a data cube?答案：a set of data that is organized in a way that makes it easy to analyze.练习二1.What is data mining?答案：the process of analyzing data to discover patterns and correlations.2.What is the difference between a data mart and a datawarehouse?答案：a data mart contns a subset of data from a larger data warehouse, while a data warehouse contns all data.3.What is OLAP?答案：online analytical processing is a tool for analyzing and presenting data in a multi-dimensional way.第三章电子商务练习一1.What is B2B e-commerce?答案：business-to-business e-commerce is the exchange of goods and services between businesses conducted digitally.2.What is the mn advantage of e-commerce for businesses?答案：e-commerce can increase accessibility and lower overhead costs.3.What is EDI?答案：electronic data interchange is a system for transferring business documents electronically.练习二1.What is C2C e-commerce?答案：consumer-to-consumer e-commerce is the exchange of goods and services between individuals conducted digitally.2.What is the difference between a shopping cart system and apayment gateway?答案：a shopping cart system allows users to add items to a virtual shopping cart, while a payment gateway is a system for processing online payments.3.What is m-commerce?答案：mobile commerce is the exchange of goods and services conducted through mobile devices.以上是对商务英语阅读第二版课后练习题的分析和答案。
商务英语阅读理解(精选5篇)
商务英语阅读理解（精选5篇）1.商务英语阅读理解第1篇Questions 1-7Look at the statements below and the article about the development of future business leaders on the oppositeWhich section of the article (A, B, C or D) does each statement (1-7) refer to?For each statement (1-7), mark one letter (A, B, C or D) on your Answer You will need to use some of these letters more than1 Managers need to take action to convince high-flyers of their value to the2 Organisations need to look beyond the high-flyers they are currently3 There is a concern that firms investing in training for high-flyers may not gain the benefits4 Managers need expert assistance from within their own firms in developing5 Firms currently identify high-flyers without the support of a guidance6 Managers are frequently too busy to deal with the development of7 Firms who work hard on their reputation as an employer will interest The Stars of the FutureA Existing management research does not tell us much about how to find and develop high-flyers, those people who have the potential to reach the top of an As a result, organisations are left to formulate their own A more effective overall policy for developing future leaders is needed, which is why the London Business School has launched the Tomorrow's Leaders Research Group (TLRG). The group contains representatives from 20 firms, and meets regularly to discuss the leadership development of the organisations'B TLRG recognises just how significant line managers are in the process of leadership Unfortunately, with today's flat organisations, where managers have functional as well as managerial responsibilities, people development all too often falls victim to heavy One manager in the research group was unconvinced by the logic of sending his best people away on development courses, 'only to see them poached by another department or, worse still, another firm'. This fear of losing high-flyers runs deep in the organisations that make up the researchC TLRG argues that the task of management is not necessarily about employee retention, but about creating 'attraction centres'. 'We must help line managers to realise that if their companies are known as ones that develop their people, they will have a greater appeal to high-flyers,' said one Furthermore, selecting people for, say, a leadership development programme is a sign of commitment from management to an Loyalty can then be more easily demanded inD TLRG has concluded that a company's HR specialists need to take action and engage with line managers individually about their role in the development of Indeed, in order to benefit fully from training high-flyers as the senior managers of the future, firms must actually address the development of all managers who will be supporting the Without this, managers will not be in a position to give appropriate And when eventually the high-flyers do move on, new ones will be needed to replace The next challenge will be to find a new generation of2.商务英语阅读理解第2篇give speech to 演说[例] address audience on a business projectadjourn (v) to stop (a court case, a meeting , )for a time before beginning again 延期，休会[例] The board meeting has been adjourned to an uncertain[同义词] postponeadjust (v) to settle an insurance claim 理算保险索赔[例] After the car accident, he made an insurance claim that will be adjustedadministration () organization and control of a company经营、管理[例] The administration power of a company also shows the internal control of the[同义词] managementadmin () abbreviation for administration 经营、管理administer () organize, control: 管理[同义词] manageadopt () choose, decide on采用[例] We adopted a newadvance () money paid before it is due, or for work only partially completed 预付款[例] Yesterday I received an advance on my monthly(v) to increase 提高[例] On bull market , shares are advancing[同义词] increase3.商务英语阅读理解第3篇《Staff appraisals》，员工评估。
商务英语阅读文章
商务英语阅读文章the expression fireworks gets its meaning from the fireworks that people shoot into the sky when they are celebrating a great event. rockets explode to fill the dark, night sky with bright reds and blues, with yellows and greens and whites.the expression also means a great show of noisy anger, or something exciting. for example, a defense lawyer in a court trial may become very emotional in arguing with the government lawyer about evidence affecting the accused. the judge finally stops the loud argument and calls the two lawyers forward. he tells them, “i want no more of these fireworks in my courtroom.”another kind of fireworks can be any event or activity that is especially exciting. one such event is falling in love. if anything can produce fireworks, it is a sweetheart’s kiss or the touch of a lover’s hand. often movie or television cartoons show fireworks to represent the excitement of a kiss.people use the expression fireworks throughout the year. but if you live in the united states and want to see real fireworks, the best time of the year is about now. the fourth of july is independence day in the united states. americans traditionally celebrate their nation’s freedom wi th giant public parties and fireworks at night.in washington, for example, large crowds gather near the washington monument to listen to music and watch a huge fireworks show. in other cities and smaller towns, local people listen to band concerts and watch fireworks explode in a dark sky.many other countries around the world also enjoy the tradition of exploding fireworks on special days. in australia, the city of sydney begins each new year with a fireworks show atmidnight. china is the birthplace of fireworks. large fireworks shows were held often during earlier times in china. now, people use small fireworks to help celebrate weddings and birthdays.france also has a great fireworks tradition. a large fireworks show always takes place on bastille day which celebrates the beginning of the french revolution. the french city of cannes holds an international fireworks competition each year in july and august.in india, people have been using fireworks for more than five hundred years. a great indian fireworks show takes place during the religious celebration of diwali, every autumn.fireworks shows are popular around the world. but if i do not end this program right now, there will be fireworks from my producer.1.BEC中级商务英语阅读文章精选2.职商务英语3.常用商务英语语句4.商务英语常用口语5.商务英语员工对比6.商务英语---问需求7.商务英语包装口语8.商务英语日常对话9.商务英语交际口语10.商务英语：关于美国。
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商务英语
商务英语是以适应职场生活的语言要求为目的，内容涉及到商务活动的方方面面。
商务英语课程不只是简单地对学员的英文水平、能力的提高，它更多地是向学员传授一种西方的企业管理理念、工作心理，甚至是如何和外国人打交道，如何和他们合作、工作的方式方法，以及他们的生活习惯等，从某种程度上说是包含在文化概念里的。
简要介绍
“商务英语”的概念从提出到今天，起始时间已经不短了，但在国际化大趋势下，英语学习市场风起云涌的今天，很多培训机构又把商务英语作为了其主要的培训项目。
究竟什么是商务英语？它又适合什么人读呢？我们仅仅从我们的角度来进行一些阐述，供大家参考。
从英语培训的目的来看，既有考试培训，又有能力培训，商务英语界乎两者之间。
在中国的市场更加深入地融入到国际经济社会之中时，国内人才市场由于大批外资公司的登陆，对商务英语的人才的需求也愈来愈大。
不过我们再次要说明商务英语并不是万能的，也不是独立存在的，许多外企需要员工具有更加专业性的英语能力－－“职业英语”，比如ETS 的TOEIC和TOPE，也有人把TOEIC统称为商务英语，其实二者是有区别的，他们的含义与作用都不同。
对于职业英语而言，学员参加
某一项测试并得到一定的分数来证明其对英语语言的应用能力。
学生需要和得到的是一个分数，证明其有能力承担相关的工作。
而事实上，比如托福，得到高分的考生并不证明其拥有了相对应的能力。
而商务英语，作为一种特定的教程，强调的不仅仅是语言的水平，而是一种实际综合素质的提高。
B E C会帮助学员学会如何利用英语语言达到更高的职业目标。
例如西方的管理理念、工作心理、如何与外国人打交道等等，实际的在工作中给学员以帮助。
“商务”、“英语”、若即若离
关于商务英语，不少人会有疑问，究竟是“商务中的英语”还是“商务加英语”，“商务”与“英语”两者内部到底是什么关系？确实纠缠不清！我们的汉语老师曾少波就说过：“从构词上看，‘商务英语’有点儿怪怪的－－为什么这样说呢？道理很简单，难道你也认可了‘商务汉语’？”
相信大家学习语言的目的不会是为了研究吧？大部分人都是为了用这个语言工具去跟别人交流。
商务英语的培训也一样，其核心在于沟通的培训。
当今的商务活动强调人实际的商务沟通能力，能否用最准确、清晰的商务语言来与老板和客户进行沟通、交流在很大程度上决定你成功与否。
当然，达到沟通的理想状态和以“商务”为核心的这样一个语言培训过程，商务英语的教师应该有扎实的英语功底和丰富的商业背景。
只有具备语言、商业知识、商务技能的老师，在课堂上
才能传授给学生商务英语方面的知识，更能辅之以大量的商务知识和商务技能的讲解，知识面涉及管理、贸易、法律、财会等显示商务活动，优秀的商务英语教师是“商务”的核心。
宁波商务英语培训
商务英语应当是在深厚的英语基础上，再强调商务。
戴尔把中国人的英语学习分为“背诵阶段”和“习惯阶段”，目前绝大多数学习者处在背诵阶段，还没有达到习惯阶段，无法实现“习惯性而非背诵性地运用英语进行交流”。
这里所说的“习惯”，并不是说，你掌握了多少的词汇量，而是你能否做到脱口而出。
在具备了这样的“习惯”以后，就可以通过商务英语的学习，就可以用专业的商务语言进行商务工作了。
商务英语的教学还是以语言为主。
因为来这里学习的学员?本身就具有商务背景。
教授给学员是如何在商务领域中运用英语是教学目的，教给学员在商务活动中必备的英语词汇、在合同、谈判、信函等商务环节的英语运用技巧等。
“商务英语”是商务和英语的结合，在“英语”和“商务”两个内容上权重是这样的。
英语占大约40%。
在这里，英语的语言水平是基本的要求。
也就是说，我们首先解决的是学员的语言水平问题。
帮助学员切实地提高英语水平。
商务英语的课程在提高学员水平的基础上，进行商务方面的培训。
其中包括今后工作中即将遇到的不同场景，如何和外国人合作、外国人工作的方式方法，以及他们的生活习惯等。