4-10mm 矫直机毕业设计说明书(加翻译)
矫直机机架和工作辊设计和校核毕业设计说明书[管理资料]
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摘要轧件在加热、轧制、热处理及各种精整等工序加工过程中，由于塑性变形不均、加热和冷却不均、剪切以及运输和堆放等原因，必然产生不同程度的弯曲、瓢曲、浪形、镰弯和歪扭的塑性变形，或内部产生残余应力，这在成为合格的产品之前，都必须采用矫正机进行矫正加工，矫正轧件形状和消除内应力。
所以，矫正机是轧制车间和精整线上必不可少的重要设备，而且也广泛用于以轧材做坯料的各种车间。
本次设计主要通过分析矫直机机架和下辊装配的设计，从而对矫正机的结构进行了简单的设计。
设计中，通过参考现有矫正机的文献资料，确定设计的思路与方案。
综合考虑本次设计的技术要求，利用材料力学的基本知识，并采用基本的力学模型进行设计计算。
同时参考轧机机架的强度计算和校核方法，对矫直机机架和工作辊进行了设计和校核。
关键词：矫正机；机架；下辊；AbstractRolling in the process of heating, rolling, heat treatment and finishing processes, due to the uneven plastic deformation, heating and cooling uneven shear as well as transport and stacking, and other reasons, will inevitably produce different degrees of bending, buckling , the plastic deformation of the wave-shaped, sickle bent and contorted, or internally generated residual stress, before becoming a qualified products must be straightening machine correction processing, correction of rolling shape and the elimination of internal stress. Therefore, the straightening machine is essential for rolling workshop and finishing line equipment, but also widely used in a variety of workshops to roll billets.The design by analysis of the rack of The straightening machine and the assemble of the lower roll. During the design, I refer to the straightening machine;’s existing literature to determine the design ideas and programs. Considering the technical requirements of the design, the use of basic knowledge of mechanics of materials, and basic mechanical model of the design ,I refer to the strength calculation and examination of the rolling mill’s rack and do the design and examination of the rack of the rolling mill.Key words: The straightening machine; rack; lower roller.目录1 绪论 (V)轧钢生产的国内外发展情况 (V)轧钢生产及产品种类 (V)轧机的分类............................................................................................... V I 矫直机在轧钢机中的作用和分类 .. (VI)矫直机的作用........................................................................................... V I矫直机的分类、工作原理及特点........................................................... V I 辊式矫直机的工作原理. (VII)辊式矫正机的发展趋势 (VIII)技术经济性分析 (VIII)技术经济评价的涵义 (VIII)经济评价在工程机械中的重要性 (VIII)课题选择 (IX)摸清课题要求 (IX)2 总体方案设计 (IX)矫正机的调整形式 (IX)辊式矫正机的矫正方案 (X)支承辊的布置形式 (X)矫正机的机座形式 (X)工作辊的材质 (XI)传动系统的形式 (XI)矫直辊列的布置形式与驱动形式 (XII)3 矫正机参数的计算 (XII)17辊矫直机主要设计参数 (XII)辊式矫直机基本参数的确定 (XII)辊距t (XII)辊径D (XIII)辊身长度L (XIII)辊数n (XIV)矫直速度v (XIV)矫正机力能参数的计算 (XIV)矫直力矩的计算 (XVI)矫直功率的计算 (XVI)电动机的选择 (XVII)4 机架的设计与校核 (XVIII)机架的形式及结构尺寸 (XVIII)机架的形式 (XVIII)机架的结构尺寸 (XIX)机架的强度计算 (XXII)几点假设 (XXII)求静不定力T (XXIII)机架和横梁的强度校核 (XXVI)5 工作辊和支承辊设计及强度校核 (XXVII)支承辊布置形式 (XXVII)工作辊的强度校核 ................................... X XVIII 6 压下装置的校核计算.. (XXIX)压下电动机的过载校核计算 (XXIX)压下螺丝及压下螺母的强度校核计算 (XXX)压下螺母挤压应力校核 (XXX)机架与螺母端面间挤压应力校核 (XXX)7 参考文献 (XXXI)8 致谢 (XXXII)9 附： (XXXIII)本科毕业设计资料清单 (XXXIII)1 绪论轧钢生产的国内外发展情况轧钢生产及产品种类在20世纪末，世界轧钢技术发展迅速。
钢筋校直机的设计说明书
钢筋校直机的设计摘要钢筋加工机械是建筑施工中不可缺少的机械设备。
钢筋校直机减少了施工时间，加快生产速度，代替了人工校直所存在的不足.提高了生产率.为工程建设缩短了工期，钢筋校直机起了很大的作用。
我设计的钢筋校直机采用了轮辊式，它的作用实质是施加频率较高的周期性交变应力,是材料产生超过其弹性限度的变形。
交替变形达一定程度后，原来的弯曲即被抵消，达到校直的目的。
本次设计了钢筋校直机的传动系统，校直机构，机架等主要部件。
它具有结构简单、效率高等特点，符合当今生产要求。
关键词钢筋校直机；传动;设计外文摘要design on Steel straightening machineAbstractSteel processing machinery is indispensable to the construction machinery and equipment。
Steel bar straightening machine reduce construction time，speed up production speed, instead of artificial straightening's deficiency. Higher productivity. For engineering construction shorten project period，and the steel bar straightening machine plays a large role。
I design of reinforced straightening machine adopts the wheel of roller of，the role of the essence is imposed higher frequency periodic alternating stress ismaterial，produced the elastic deformation of the limit over。
4-10mm 矫直机毕业设计说明书(加翻译)
4-10mm板材矫直机的设计作者姓名：******指导教师：********单位名称：机械工程与自动化专业名称：机械工程及自动化东北大学2011年6月The 4-10 mm Straightening-Machine`s designby Zhang GangSupervisor: Associate Professor Yang Hui LinNortheastern UniversityJune 2011毕业设计（论文）任务书机械工程与自动化学院班级姓名东北大学毕业设计（论文）摘要4-10mm板材矫直机的设计摘要矫直机在冶金工业中用途非常广泛，它是冶金工业生产中常用的矫直设备。
随着科学的发展，轧钢生产行业与传统机械业进一步紧密的结合在一起。
利用轧钢生产技术，提高轧制产品的质量，减少轧制生产的时间，提高成品率，降低生产成本和提高材料的利用率已经成为轧钢机械设计的主要目标。
而矫直技术是提高板带钢产品表面质量和平坦度的重要环节。
在现代化程度较高的连铸生产线中，连铸坯的矫直设备是必不可少的；在型钢、钢板、钢管等轧钢厂的精整车间，矫直机则更是必备的设备之一。
平直度是评价金属板带质量的重要指标之一，随着用户对板带质量要求的不断提高，板带平直度的控制和改善显得日益重要。
板材矫直机是消除板材平直度缺陷，改善板形的关键设备。
本文介绍了板材矫直机的结构特点,原理分析和功能，并对矫直原理做了详细具体的阐述，对其主要零部件做了准确的计算设计和校核，对矫直机的力能参数和结构参数做了计算，同时对矫直机的发展趋势和实际生产中存在的问题做了简单的阐述。
关键词：板材矫直机，力能参数，结构参数，平衡液压缸The 4-10 mm Straightening-Machine`s designAbstractThe straightening machine are Very widely used in the metallurgical industry .It is commonly used in metallurgical industry .With the development of steel-rolling industry, the steel-rolling production industry has been integrated very well with the Traditional mechanical industry. Use the Steel-rolling production technology to enhance the Rolling products` quality , to reduce the time of rolling , to enhance the rate of good-products .to reduce the production cost and enhance the material`s utilization has become the main aim of the steel rolling machine design. However, the straighting techology is the important part of how to enhance the surface quality and flatness. In the modernization of high degree of continuous casting production line，The continuous casting slab of straightening equipment is indispensable。
关于矫直机的设计与实现的毕业论文终稿(可编辑)
摘要矫直机是对金属棒材、管材、线材等进行矫直的设备。
轧制出的钢材常出现弧形弯曲、纵向和横向弯曲、瓢曲等缺陷,为此轧后钢材必须经过矫正。
本设计方案以太重集团生产的几种矫直机为参照,结合本案设计要求,设计了九辊矫直机。
本方案以弹塑性弯曲变形理论为设计依据。
主要包括以下内容:矫直机类型,矫直原理,矫直机结构的确定,矫直机基本力能参数计算、力能参数计算、电动机功率计算、工作辊和支撑辊的结构设计与校核、压下机构的设计计算及校核。
关键词:矫直机;工作辊;支承辊;压下机构AbstractStraightening machine is a equipment, which straighten metal bar, pipe workpiece, wire and so on. After rolling, there are arch bending, vertical and horizontal bending, protuberance in steel strip. So it must be straightened. I consulted straightening machine of Tai Zhong Group, combining with the design requirements of the program, then designed the nine roller straightening machine. The project is based on the theory of elasto-plastic bending. It includes the following: the type of straightening machine, the theory of straightening machine and the structure of straightening machine, the calculation of straightening machine’s basic parameters, the structural design and the checking of the work roll and backup roll, the structural design and checking ofscrewdownKey words: Straightening machine; work roll; backup roll; screwdown目录摘要IAbstract II目录III一、前言 11.1 课题研究的意义及现状 11.2 论文主要研究内容3二、方案确定 42.1 矫直机类型 42.2 矫直原理 62.3 矫直机结构8三、设计计算173.1 矫直机基本参数的确定173.2 辊式矫直机的力能参数确定19展望35参考文献36致谢37附件1 38附件2 46一、前言1.1 课题研究的意义及现状在板带材的轧制生产中,由于轧件温度不均,变形不均及轧后冷却不均、运输和其他因素的影响,致使轧制出来的产品常出现波浪弯和瓢曲等缺陷。
校直机设计说明书 2
长江大学毕业设计（论文）题目：钢丝校直机传动及控制设计专业：机电一体化技术姓名：指导教师：王世春院系站点：沙市职业大学长江大学继续教育学院2010年5月钢丝校直机传动及控制设计学生:班级：指导老师: 王世春评阅人:完成日期：2010年1月7日至2010年5月20日毕业设计任务书一、设计题目钢丝校直机传动及控制设计二、设计条件本机采用两台三相异步电动机传动，普通电器元件控制，具有校直、拖动、定长切断、落料等功能。
本机可切断钢丝直径1.5～2 mm ；校直、切断最大速度为25m/min ；校直轴转速为4568 m/min ；拉轮转速为227.5 m/min ；校直长度为：蒸发器 300～500 mm ；冷凝器 500～1000 mm切断长度误差≤3.0mm ；最大切断行程 8 mm ；气源压力 0.4～0.6 MPa ；工作电源 AC 380V 50HZ ；三联体工作压力 4.5～5Kg ；三、设计内容1、设计计算说明书一份2、校直箱装配图一张1号图3、传动箱装配图一张1号图4、电气控制原理图一张1号图摘要本本钢丝校直、切断机是为了适应社会主义市场经济的需要，针对目前制冷行业的发展状况——采用丝管式冷凝器取代散热效果差的百叶窗式冷凝器后，结合工厂的实际生产要求而设计、研制的。
本机采用两台三相异步电动机传动，普通电器元件控制，具有校直、拖动、定长切断、落料等功能。
设备稳定性好、生产效率高、成本低廉、应用范围广。
本设计中，包括：总体方案的设计，校直箱部分的设计，传动箱部分的设计，定长、切断、落料部分的设计，机架，丝架，电气控制部分的设计。
同时也对带轮、齿轮、轴承、键等零件的强度进行了分析计算。
关键词：钢丝校直部分钢丝拖动部分电气控制部分设备的操作使用与维修交流接触器三联体继电器熔断器三相异步电动机前言现代科技技术的不断发展，极大地推动了不同学科的交叉与渗透，导致了工程领域的技术革命与改造。
在机械工程领域，由于微电子技术、单片机技术和计算机技术的迅速发展，使机械工业的技术结构、产品机构、功能与构成、生产方式及管理体系发生了巨大变化，使工业产业由“机械电气化”迈入了“机电一体化”为特征的发展阶段。
四自由度圆柱坐标机械手毕业设计说明书29页word文档
目次1 绪论 (1)1.1 工业机械手的概述 (1)1.2 工业机械手在生产中的应用 (1)1.3 机械手的组成概述 (2)1.4 工业机械手的发展趋势 (3)2 总体设计方案 (4)2.1 设计题目 (4)2.2 初始参数与设计要求 (4)2.3 方案拟定 (5)3 机械手手部设计计算 (6)3.1 手部设计基本要求 (6)3.2 手部力学分析 (7)3.3 夹紧力及驱动力的计算 (8)3.4 机械手手抓夹持精度的分析计算 (9)4 机械手腕部设计计算 (11)4.1 腕部设计基本要求 (11)4.2 腕部结构的选择 (11)4.3 腕部回转力矩的计算 (12)5 机械手臂部设计计算 (16)5.1 机械手臂部设计的基本要求 (16)5.2 手臂的典型机构及结构的选择 (16)5.3 手臂伸缩驱动力计算 (17)5.4 手臂伸缩油缸结构的确定 (19)5.5 油缸端盖的连接方式及强度计算 (21)6 机身设计与计算 (23)6.1 机身的整体设计 (23)6.2 机身回转机构的设计计算 (25)6.3 机身升降机构的设计计算 (28)7 液压驱动系统的计算 (31)7.1 绘制液压系统的工况图 (31)7.2 计算和选择液压元件 (36)总结 (38)致谢 (38)参考资料 (39)1．3 机械手的组成工业机械手由执行机构、驱动机构和控制机构三部分组成。
1.3.1 执行机构(1) 手部既直接与工件接触的部分，一般是回转型或平动型（多为回转型，因其结构简单）。
手部多为两指（也有多指）；根据需要分为外抓式和内抓式两种；也可以用负压式或真空式的空气吸盘（主要用于吸冷的，光滑表面的零件或薄板零件）和电磁吸盘。
传力机构形式教多，常用的有：滑槽杠杆式、连杆杠杆式、斜槭杠杆式、齿轮齿条式、丝杠螺母式、弹簧式和重力式。
(2) 腕部是连接手部和臂部的部件，并可用来调节被抓物体的方位，以扩大机械手的动作范围，并使机械手变的更灵巧，适应性更强。
17辊矫直机毕业设计论文
17辊矫直机毕业设计论文毕业设计-20-40mm普碳钢板材矫直机设计，共55页，20710字，附设计图纸、三维图纸、开题报告、任务书、外文翻译等设计(论文)的基本内容：矫直机主机总装图（A0×1）辊系装配图（A0×1）机架零件图（A0×1）夹送辊轴承透盖、工作辊、下工作辊辊座、主动夹送辊轴（A2×4）编写设计说明书外文科技文献翻译1.2 设计构想与思路了解中厚板产生不平直度的原因，根据国内外中厚板矫直机发展情况，切合公司实际需要，进行板矫直机设计。
首先通过对国内外各种板材矫直机辊系结构研究，确定辊系结构，其次进行辊系参数的确定、力能参数的计算，最后完成整机机械部分、电器部分、液压部分、润滑部分设计，通过此次研究设计，使以后进行新设计时更合理、更先进。
2. 设计内容（1) 辊系结构的设计。
（2）整机其他结构的设计，包括压下装置及上轧辊平衡装置，传动装置，轨道升降装置，换辊装置的设计。
（3）其他结构的设计，包括电气部分、液压部分的设计。
3. 关键技术（1) 对力能参数的计算及强度计算，合理确定结构，使整机设计准确、经济、先进。
（2) 轨道升降装置的设计，保证辊系顺利拉入拉出。
（3）辊系装置的设计，保证实现每辊压弯量的灵活调节，提高矫直质量、效率。
4. 主要设计流程（1）一台完整的中厚板辊式矫直机应由机架、上下横梁、上下矫直辊装置、上下支承辊装置、引料辊装置、压下机构、弯辊装置、倾斜机构、换辊装置、检测系统、安全装置、除铁皮与冷却系统、传动装置、电动机及走台等所组成。
本次开发的中厚板材矫直机是强力重式矫直机，它功能多，矫直力强，结构独特，适合可逆矫直的要求。
（2）机架为铸焊结构，两片机架通过上下横粱联结。
机架加工精度高、刚性大、强度高、利于安装和运输，是矫直机各零部件承装的核心骨架。
（3）压下装置采用电动压下，可实现上辊系沿矫直方向整体少量倾斜运动及整体升降。
整个上辊系采用两台液压平衡缸平衡，消除活动横梁上面各受压件的间隙，压下行程需由位移传感器检测，以便操作。
矫直机毕业论文中英文资料外文翻译文献
矫直机论文中英文资料外文翻译文献外文翻译原文：AUTOMATING THE CONTROL OF MODERN EQUIPMENT FOR STRAIGHTENING FLAT-ROLLED PRODUCTS The company Severstal’ completed the successful introduction of new in-line plate-straightening machines (PSMs) on its 2800 and 5000 mills in August 2003 [1, 2, 3]. The main design features of the machines are as follows:●each machine is equipped with hydraulic hold-down mechanisms (toimprove the dynamics and accuracy of the machine adjustments and more reliably maintain a constant gap);●the machines have mechanisms to individually adjust each work roller with theaid of hydraulic cylinders (this broadens the range of straightening regimes that can be realized by providing a measure of control over the change in the curvature of the plate);●each work roller is provided with its own adjustable drive (to eliminate rigidkinematic constraints between the spindles);●the system of rollers of the PSM is enclosed in cassettes (to facilitate repairs andreduce roller replacement costs);●the PSM has a system that can be used to adjust the machine from a nine-rollerstraightening scheme to a five-●roller scheme in which the distance between the rollers is doubled (this is doneto widen the range of plate thick-nesses that the machine can accomodate).Thus, the new straightening machine is a sophisticated multi-function system of mechanisms that includes a wide range of hydraulically and electrically driven components controlled by digital and analog signals. The entire complex of PSM mechanisms can be divided into two functional groups: the main group, which includes the mechanisms that partici-pate directly in the straightening operation (the hold-down mechanisms, the mechanisms that individually adjust the rollers,the mechanisms that adjust the components fordifferent straightening regimes, the mechanism that moves the top roller of the feeder, and the main drive); the auxiliary group (which includes the cassette replacement mechanism, the spindle-lock-ing mechanism, and the equipment that cools the system of rollers). Although the PSM has a large number of mechanisms,the use of modern hydraulic and electric drives has made it possible to almost completely automate the main and auxiliary operations performed on the PSM and the units that operate with it.Described below are the features and the automatic control systems for the most important mechanisms of the plate-straightening machine.The operating regimes of those mechanisms are also discussed.The hydraulic hold-down mechanisms (HHMs) of the sheet-straightening machine function in two main regimes:the adjustment regime;the regime in which the specified positions are maintained.There are certain requirements for the control system and certain efficiency criteria for each regime.In the adjustment regime, the control system for the hydraulic hold-down mechanisms must do the following:●synchronize the movements of the hydraulic cylinders and keep the angulardeeflection within prescribed limits;●maximize speed in adjusting the machine for a new plate size;●maintain a high degree of accuracy in positioning the mechanisms;Fig. 1. Block diagram of the control system of the hydraulic cylinder.The control system has the following requirements when operating in the maintenance regime:●stabilize the coordinates of the top cassette and the top roller of the feeder with ahigh degree of accuracy;●minimize the time needed to return the equipment to the prescribed coordinateswhen deviations occur (such as due to the force exerted by a plate being straightened).Need for synchronization. Experience in operating the plate-straightening machine in plate shop No. 3 at Severstal’ has shown that the most problematic factor in adjusting the machineis the nonuniformity of the forces applied to the hydraulic cylinders. This nonuniformity is due to the asymmetric distribution of the masses of the moving parts of the PSM (in particular, the effect of the weight of the spindle assembly). Displacement of the “hydraulic zero point” relative to the “electrical zero point” in the servo valves is also a contributing factor.The latter reason is more significant, the smaller the volume of the hydraulic cylinder.Thus, the HHM of the top roller of the feeder is the most sensitive to drift of the zero point.There are also other factors that affect the dynamism,simultaneousness,and synchronism of the operation of the hold-down mechanisms:●differentiation of the frictional forces on parts of the hydraulic cylinders due todifferent combinations of deviations in the dimensions of the mated parts, despitethe narrow tolerances;●differences in the “springing” characteristics and the indices characterizing theinertia of the hydraulic supply channels (due to differences in the lengths of thepipes leading from the servo valves to the hydraulic cylinders).Thus, since the PSM is not equipped with devices to mechanically synchronize the operation of the cylinders, the ransmission of signals of the same amplitude to the inputs of the servo valves inevitably results in a speed difference that can seriously damage the mechanisms.To minimize and eliminate the effects of the above-mentioned factors, we developed an algorithm for electrical synchronization of the hold-down mechanisms.The HHM of the top cassette, composed of four hold-down cylinders and four balancing cylinders, is designed to ensuremobile adjustment of the machine to set the required size of straightening gap (in accordance with the thickness of the plate) andmaintain that gap with a specified accuracy in the presence .and absence of a load on the housings from the straightening force.The hydraulic system of the hold-down mechanism is designed in such a way that only one chamber of the hydraulic cylinders is used as the working chamber.The second chamber is always connected to the discharge channel.The top cassette is lowered when the balancing forces are overcome by the hold-down cylinders.The cassette is raised only by the action of the balancing cylinders.This arrangement has made it possible to eliminate gaps in the positioning of the equipment.The HHM of the top roller of the feeder consists of two hydraulic cylinders. Hydraulic fluid is fed into the plunger chamber when the roller is to be lowered and is fed into the rodchamber when it is to be raised.Control Principles. Individual circuits have been provided (Fig.1) to control the hydraulic cylinders of the hold-down mechanisms.The control signal (Xctl) sent to the input of the servo valve is formed by a proportional-integral (PI) controller (to improve the sensitivity of the system, we chose to use valves with “zero” overlap).The signal sent to the input of the controller (the error signal Xerr) is formed as the difference between the control-point signal for position (Xcpt) and the feedback signal (Xf.b).The latter signal is received from the linear displacement gage (G) of the given hydraulic cylinder.The gages of the HHM for the top cassette are built into the balancing hydraulic cylinders (HCs).The cylinders are installed in such a way that their movements can be considered to be equal to the displacements of the corresponding cylinder rods, with allowance for certain coefficients.The gages in the HHM for the top roller of the feeder are incorporated directly into the hold-down cylinders.The integral part of the controller is activated only during the final adjustment stage and during stabilization of the prescribed coordinate.When the displacements exceed a certain threshold value, the functions of the PI controller are taken over by a proportional (P) controller with the transfer function W(s) = k.Thus, Xctl(t) = kXerr(t).When there are significant differences between the displacements of the working rollers,the difference (error)between the control point and the feedback signal from the linear displacement gage reaches values great enough so that the output signal which controls the operation of the servo valve reaches the saturation zone.In this case, further regulation of the displacement rate and,thus synchronization of the movements of the cylinders becomes impossible as long as the error exceeds the value at which Xctl is greater than the boundary value for the saturation zone (Xsat).The limiting error–the largest error for which Xctldoes not reach saturation–is inversely proportional to the gain of the controller k: Xerr< Xsat/ k. Solving the given problem by decreasing k leads to a loss of speed in the adjustment of the PSM and a decrease in control accuracy during the straightening operation.Thus, to keep the control signal from reaching the saturation zone when there are substantial displacements, the system was designed so that the input of the controller is fed not the actual required value (Xrq) but an increment (∆X) of a magnitude such that the condition k∆X < Xsat is satisfied.The control point is increased by the amount ∆X after the position of the cylinder has been changed by the amount corresponding to the increment having the largest lag relative to the cylinder’s direction of motion. The adjustment of the control point is continued until the difference between the required value and the actual position of the mechanism becomes lessthan the increment:Xrq –Xf.b < ∆X.Then the input of the controller is fed the value Xcpt, which is equal to the required adjustment: Xcpt= Xrq.The adjustment is thus completed.Use of the principle of a stepped increase in the control point makes it possible synchronize the movements of the cylinders and set the control point with a high degree of accuracy for almost any ideal repetition factor.Mechanisms for Individual Adjustment of the Working Rollers.The plate-straightening machine is designed so that each working roller can be moved vertically, which is done by means of a hydraulic cylinder acting in concert with a V-belt drive.The cylinders are supplied with power from servo valves operated with proportional control.A linear displacement gage is built into each cylinder to obtain a feedback signal on the position of the roller.Since these gages are actually transmitinginformation on the position of the cylinder rods rather than the working rollers themselves, the following conversion is performed to obtain the rollers’ coordinates:Xrol= kredXf.b,where kred is the gear ratio of the drive;Xf.b is the position of the cylinder rod measured by the linear displacement transducers.Thus, a position feedback circuit is provided to control the position of each working roller. Figure 1 presents a diagram of one of the circuits.The control signals are generated by means of the PI controllere, which has made it possible to achieve a high degree of accuracy in adjusting the system without sacrificing speed.The individual drive of the rollers. The above-described design is based on the use of individual ac drives with motors of different powers fed from frequency converters. Each individual drive offers the following advantages over a group drive:●greater reliability thanks to the absence of additional loads on the components ofthe mechanisms due to differences between the linear velocities of the working rollers and the speed of the plate;●the possibility that the machine could continue to operate if one or even severaldrives malfunction;in this case,the corresponding rollers would be removed from the straightening zone;●the possibility that the linear velocities of the rollers could be individuallycorrected in accordance with the actual speed of the plate;such a correction could be made either as a preliminary measure (on the basis of measured and calculatedvalues) or during the straightening operation (on the basis of the data obtained from the frequency converters, which employ artificial intelligence).The main drive of the straightening machine rotates nine straightening rollers and two housing rollers.This drive must be highly reliable in operation, since the fact that the PSM is installed in the mill line means that sizable production losses can be incurred if the drive fails to work properly even for a short period of time.The requirements that must be satisfied by the drive are determined by the operational and design features of the machine as a whole:●the plate being straightened must create a rigid kinematic coupling between thestraightening rollers, the rollers of the housing, and the adjacent sections of the roller conveyors;●the plate should undergo elongation during the straightening operation as a resultof plastic deformation, with the increments in length being different on each working roller due to the differentiation of the bending radii;this situation leads to a nonuniform increase in the speed of the plate as it moves toward the end of the PSM;●it must be possible to use working rollers of different diameters (this being done,for example, due to nonuniform wear or regrinding);●the loads on the rollers should be differentiated in accordance with the chosenstraightening regime;●reverse straightening should be possible.In light of the above factors and the actual operating regimes of the plate-straightening machine being discussed here, the following requirements can be established for the electric drive:●regulation of speed within broad limits, including startup of the motors underload;●operation in the reverse regime;● a rigid characteristic ω = ƒ(M);●high degree of accuracy in maintaining the prescribed speed;●fully synchronous operation.The element base. The drive of the rollers was built with the use of asynchronous three-phase motors having a short-circuit rotor.The motors were designed by the German company VEM.They can continue to function under severe overloads and are reliable in operation.The motors are controlled by SIMOVERT frequency converters made by the German firm Siemens.Their modular design facilitates maintenance and repair, and the presence of a built-in microprocessor block makes it possible to execute most of the functions involved in controlling the operation of the drive (maintain the prescribed speed with a high degree of stability, recalculate the frequency of rotation in accordance with the actual diameters of the rollers, diagnose the condition o f the drive, control the drive’s operation, and exchange information on the PROFIBUS network).Motors of different powers are used in the system because of the differentiated distribution of the moments between the working ing different motors has made it possible to significantly reduce the cost of the electrical equipment and improve the performance characteristics of the machine as a whole.The machine has three main operating regimes: the working regime (semi-automatic and automatic), the transport regime, and the cassette replacement regime.Figure 2 shows a block diagram of the operations connected with realization of the working regime.In the semi-automatic variant of this regime, the operator controls the PSM from a control panel.In this case, the operator can do the following: choose the straightening regime from a database;correct the chosen regime;adjust the regime manually, which requires that the operator indicate the desired position of the bottom cassette (for five- or nine-roll straightening);adjust the gap between the top and bottom cassettes; set the coordinates for individual adjustment of the working rollers; choose the straightening speed and direction;generate a command to begin adjusting the machine to the specified regime.Fig. 2. Block diagram of the working regime of the PSM.The machine is adjusted to the chosen regime automatically.After the adjustment is completed, a signal is sent to the control panel indicating that the coordinates of the mechanisms have been changed and that the rollers have reached their prescribed working speeds.In the automatic variant of the working regime, the plate-straigthening machine isadjusted on the basis of data sent through a data network from a higher-level system. These data include the following information:●the thickness of the plate being straightened;●the group of steels (information on the properties of the material);●the temperature of the plate at the inlet to the PSM.The PSM is adjusted in several stages:●preliminary adjustment based on the plate thickness and steel group, for cold-rolledplates (t = 20°C);●further adjustment on the basis of data obtained from a pyrometer installed roughly50 m from the PSM;●final adjustment on the basis of data obtained from a pyrometer installed at theentrance to the machine.In the automatic variant, control over the roller conveyors adjacent to the machine is switched over to the control system of the PSM as the next plate approaches the machine.In this case, the plate cannot enter the working zone of the machine until the adjustment is completed.If it is necessary to pass a plate through the machine without straightening it, the machine is changed over to the transport regime.In this case, the top crossarm and the cassette are elevated a prescribed amount and the speed of the rollers is changed so that it is equal to the speed of the adjacent roller conveyors.The cassette replacement regime is used in the event of breakage of a roller or when it is necessary to regrind the working and backup rollers.In this case, the operator can control the operation of the auxiliary mechanisms:the spindle-locking mechanism, the roll-out cart, the mechanism that locks the bottom cassette and the cart in position, and the hydraulic cylinder that moves the cart.The mechanisms are fixed in position by means of noncontact transducers.PSM Control System. Control of the plate-straightening machine required the development of a powerful, high-capacity system that could provide the desired control accuracy in combination with rapid operation.The control system that was created is divided into two levels: the base level, and an upper level.The diagnostic system was created as a separate system.A second controller was also provided, to control the pump station of the PSM.The base level of the control system employs a SIMATIC S7 industrial programmable controller, while the upper level and the diagnostic system were built on the basis of standardcomputers.The computer used for the upper-level system also serves as the control panel for the PSM.Fig. 3. Network structure of the PSM control system.The different elements of the control system are linked by two loops of a PROFIBUS network (Fig.3).The first loop functions as the communications link between the controller, the upper-level computer, the diagnostics station, and the pump-station controller.The second loop links the PSM controller with the functional elements of the system (the frequency converters, linear displacement gages, and remote input/output module).The functions of the control system were divided between the base level and the upper level on the basis of the following principle: the base level was assigned all of the operations that involve receiving data from the sensors installed on the mechanisms, obtaining information from the automated process control system on the plate being straightened, and generating and transmitting control signals for the executive mechanisms (actuators); the upper level was assigned the functions of archiving the control points and monitoring the operation of the control panel.The following specific functions are performed by the base level of the automation system:obtaining the assigned straightening parameters (roller speeds, the coordinates of the top crossarm, and the coordinates of the rollers relative to the crossarm) from the upper-level system;●processing the parameters and sending corresponding control signals to the actuators;●obtaining information from the sensors installed on the mechanisms to determinewhether or not the PSM is properly set and ready for the straightening operation;●obtaining information from the feedback transducers installed on the mechanisms tocalculate the control actions;●analyzing the readings of the sensors to determine the accuracy of the data;TABLE 1. Specifications of the Plate-Straightening Machines●exchanging data with the pump-battery station (PBS) of the PSM and transmittingthe station’s operating parameters to the upper-level system for display;●receiving signals from the upper-level system for manual control of the machine andthe PBS;●obtaining initial data from the upper-level system for automatic correction andtransmission of the data in order to make the appropriate adjustments.The functions of the upper-level automation system are as follows:●entering data on the straightening regimes for subsequent selection of the regime andrecording that information in a database;●manually choosing the straightening regime from the database for the correspondingplate (this is done by the operator);●automatically choosing the straightening regime from the database on the basis ofinformation obtained from the upper-level system;●manually controlling the machine in the straightening and cassette-replacementregimes;●indicating the positions of the mechanisms based on readings from the sensors andthe positions of the limit switches;●indicating the presence of a plate in the working zone of the PSM;●indicating the temperature of the plate measured by the pyrometer;●visually representing the straightening regimes and machine adjustments;visually representing the state of the machine’s mechanisms and the PBS for diagnostic purposes.Remote input-output module ET200 is used to supply power to the unregulated drives.The cabinet containing the relays and contacts for these drives is located a considerable distance from the e of the module has made it possible to significantly shorten the connecting cables.Diagnostic System. The heavy concentration of electrical and hydraulic equipment included as part of the PSM–equipment which is located an appreciable distance from the machine itself and is often in hard-to-reach places–makes it more difficult to service the machine and locate the source of problems.To facilitate maintenance of the PSM and shorten repair time, it was necessary to build an advanced diagnostic system.The system is based on an industrial computer installed at the control post.It diagnoses the state of various mechanisms of the PSM, as well as its hydraulic and electrical equipment.The system can be used to evaluate the condition of the automatic switches, the temperature sensors of the motors, the linear displacement gages, terminals of the local PROFIBUS network, the currents, speeds, and direction of rotation of the motors, and other equipment and parameters.The diagnostic system can also be used to establish the operating protocol of the PSM.Its archives contains data on the time and types of errors and equipment failures that occur, the coordinates of the mechanisms, motor currents and speeds, and other information.To make the control system more reliable, the software and hardware of the diagnostics station are identical to the corresponding components of the control system’s upper level.When problems occur with the operation of the control computer, the PSM control functions can be transferred to the computer of the diagnostic system.Conclusions.The NKMZ has worked with its original partners in the Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS) to successfully introduce plate-straightening machines equipped with a modern automated control system. Use of the machines makes it possible to minimize and almost completely eliminate the dependence of the quality of the finished plates on the skill of the machine operator.The control system, together with its convenient user interface,allows even personnel with no special training to quickly master the operation of the machine.The production of high-quality products is assured as a result of the exact movements of the machine’s mechanisms and the accuracy with which their positions are maintained, which owes to the use of precision equipment with proportional control and special controlalgorithms.In addition, the machine is equipped with a sophisticated diagnostic system which also records its key operating parameters.The availability of the system facilitates maintenance and repair of the machine’s many complex components.译文：现代化矫直轧制薄品设备的自动化控制谢韦尔钢铁公司在2003年8月成功完成了新引进的规格为2800—5000米尔的直线式钢板矫直机（平台相关模型）。
矫直机毕业设计
矫直机毕业设计矫直机毕业设计随着现代工业的发展，机械设备在生产过程中起到了至关重要的作用。
其中，矫直机作为一种常见的机械设备，被广泛应用于金属加工、汽车制造等领域。
本文将围绕矫直机的毕业设计展开讨论，探究其设计原理、技术要点以及未来发展趋势。
一、设计原理矫直机的设计原理主要基于材料力学和机械原理。
其基本原理是通过对金属材料的弯曲变形进行逆向力学分析，从而实现材料的矫正。
矫直机通常由上、下两个辊轮组成，通过辊轮的旋转和压力调节，对金属材料进行弯曲矫正。
在设计中，需要考虑材料的性质、工件的尺寸和形状等因素。
通过对这些因素的分析和计算，可以确定矫直机的结构参数、工作方式以及控制系统等设计要点。
二、技术要点1. 结构设计：矫直机的结构设计是整个毕业设计的核心。
需要考虑矫直机的稳定性、刚度和精度等因素。
合理的结构设计可以提高矫直机的工作效率和矫直质量。
2. 辊轮设计：辊轮是矫直机的核心部件，直接影响到矫直效果。
辊轮的材料选择、表面处理以及尺寸设计都需要进行详细的分析和计算。
3. 控制系统设计：矫直机的控制系统需要实现对辊轮的旋转速度、压力和位置等参数的精确控制。
控制系统的设计涉及到传感器的选择、电气元件的布置以及控制算法的优化等方面。
4. 安全设计：矫直机在工作过程中存在一定的危险性，因此安全设计至关重要。
需要考虑到紧急停机、过载保护以及防护装置等方面，确保操作人员的安全。
三、未来发展趋势随着科技的不断进步，矫直机也在不断发展和改进。
未来，矫直机的发展趋势主要体现在以下几个方面：1. 自动化：随着工业自动化水平的提高，矫直机将更加智能化和自动化。
通过引入机器学习和人工智能等技术，可以实现矫直过程的自动控制和优化，提高生产效率和产品质量。
2. 精确度和稳定性：随着对产品质量要求的不断提高，矫直机的精确度和稳定性也将成为关注的焦点。
未来的矫直机将更加注重精确度的控制和稳定性的提升，以满足高精度加工的需求。
3. 多功能性：矫直机在不同行业中的应用需求也在不断增加，因此未来的矫直机可能会具备更多的功能和适应性。
矫直机
太原科技大学课程设计任务书专业班级机自112212H班设计人刘强同组人翟震设计题目：小型矫直机的设计设计参数：1、矫直机主电机参数：功率P=3KW, 转速n= 0.267r/s ;2、主减速机传动比：2.6 ；3、工作辊数目：19个；4、工作辊辊距：10mm ；5、工作辊直径：9.5mm ；6、工作辊辊长：170 mm ；7、板坯宽度厚度：115mm 、0.1～1.6mm ；设计要求：[1] 辊式矫正机基本参数的确定[2] 矫直功率的计算和电机功率的选择[3] 主要零部件校核计算[4] 压下机构的设计计算[5] 撰写设计说明书。
设计时间：2014年12月17日至2014年12月28 日摘要轧钢生产已经成为冶金生产行业中把钢坯轧制成钢材的重要生产环节，具有产量大、品种齐全，生产过程机械化自动化程度高等许多优点，是满足国民生产需要的重要技术。
并且随着科学的发展，轧钢生产行业与传统机械业进一步紧密的结合在一起。
利用轧钢生产技术，提高轧制产品的质量，减少轧制生产时间，提高成材率，降低生产成本和材料的利用率已经成为轧钢机械设计的主要目标。
而矫直技术是提高板带钢产品表面质量和平坦度的重要环节。
本文是依据板带矫直机的生产过程和工作原理，经过现场实习，首先从二十一辊板带矫直机的总体方案评述开始，依次进行了主电机的选择计算，主传动系统的设计，工作辊与支承辊设计，矫直机压下与压上装置的设计与校核；并对矫直机的某些零件和基本结构进行了设计；并且研究了矫直机的发展方向。
关键词：轧钢生产、表面质量、矫直机、平坦度AbstractThe product of steelrolling has become an importanct tache of rolling billet to be steels in the metallurgy produce industry. The stongpoint of this industry is have great output of the production is the variety production.and the produce process is very mechanization and automatization.The steelrolling is a importanct technonlogy to fulfill the country need.Also with the development of steelrolling industry the industry integrate very well with the tration mechanism industry. How to make use of the steelrolling manufacture technology, enhance the rolling quality of the production, decrease the product of rolling time,enhance the rate of product useful rolled steel .The straighting techology is a important tache to enhance the surface quality and flatness of the production .This article design basis on the boardstrip straighting machine produce process and the working principle in the steel metallurgy. With practice in scene. The design is begin with the designing of the main transmission and the machine roller in the straighting machine .This article first begine with the scheme review of the collectively. Then go along with choice of the main electromotor, the design of work roller and the support roller , press down equipment and press up equipment .Following designed the local assessory and the over all structure. Besides researched the development direction of the straighting machine .Keywords: Product of steelrolling、Straighting machine、Surfacequality、Mechanization .目录1 绪论 (5)1.1 轧钢生产的国内外发展情况 (5)1.1.1 轧钢生产及产品种类 (5)1.1.2 轧钢机械的分类 (6)1.2 矫直机在轧钢生产中的作用及发展情况 (6)1.3 现场十九辊板带矫直机的工作原理 (7)2 总体方案评述 (8)2.1轿直机的调整形式 (8)2.2 机座形式 (8)2.3 支承辊的布置形式 (9)2.4 辊的材质 (9)2.5 传动系统的形式 (9)2.6 轴承选择 (10)2.7 压下机构的形式 (10)2.8 矫直辊列的布置形式与驱动形式 (11)3矫直机力能参数的计算 (11)3.1二十一辊矫直机的技术性能及矫直工艺参数 (11)3.2辊式矫正机基本参数的确定： (12)3.4矫直功率的计算和电机功率的选择 (15)4主要零部件校核计算 (16)4.1矫直辊的校核计算 (16)4.1.1 矫直机矫直扭矩的计算 (16)4.1.2 工作辊的强度校核和轴承校核 (18)5 压下机构的设计计算 (20)5.1 压下螺丝直径 (19)5.2 压下螺纹牙的强度校核........................................................ (20)参考文献 (22)1 绪论1.1 轧钢生产的国内外发展情况1.1.1 轧钢生产及产品种类在20世纪末，世界轧钢技术发展迅速。
矫直机设计-任务书
1、掌握机械装置的创新设计方法和要求。
2、掌握AOTOCAD电子图版软件的使用方法，正确画出总装图。
3、所设计的矫直机应具有的技术性能：
1）圆管规格：50×2.5mm；材料：Q235
2）矫直效果≤3°；
3）产品电压：380V。
2、对毕业设计（论文）成果要求
1、完成总装配图一张，主要零部件图（不少于三张）；
本科毕业设计（论文）任务书
（由指导教师填写）
题目名称
脚手架钢管矫直机设计
题目性质
□基础
□应用
□设计
□其它
题目来源
□科研课题
□生产社会实际
□其他
1、课题研究的主要内容及基本要求
主要内容：
设计一台脚手架钢管矫直机。完成该机械的总体方案设计和各机构的原理方案设计，画出总装图、控制系统原理图及主要零件的工作图。通过本设计，使学生掌握机电一体化装置的设计构思、设计方案和工作图的绘制，在机械创新设计能力和机械产品开发技能上得到综合的训练，为今后的专业工作奠定基础。
2014.11.16～2014.11.30
2
实施调研/实验阶段
3
完成初稿
2015.03.27
4
修改定稿
2015.05.04
5
答辩
2015.05.05～2015.05.16指导教师日期源自年月日2、控制系统原理图一张；
3、开题报告；
4、文献综述
5、撰写不少于10000字的设计说明书。要求计算合理、数据可靠。说明书内容包括：课题的目的、意义；研究的主要内容；整体方案的确定；主要零部件的选择和设计；矫直过程的分析和计算；重要零部件的计算和校核；参考文献和鸣谢。
所有成果需提供纸质文档和电子文档。
中厚板矫正机压下机构毕业设计指导书
中厚板矫正机压下机构设计摘要轧钢生产已经成为冶金生产行业中把钢坯轧制成钢材的重要生产环节，具有产量大、品种齐全，生产过程机械化自动化程度高等许多优点，是满足国民生产需要的重要技术。
并且随着科学的发展，轧钢生产行业与传统机械业进一步紧密的结合在一起。
利用轧钢生产技术，提高轧制产品的质量，减少轧制生产时间，提高成材率，降低生产成本和材料的利用率已经成为轧钢机械设计的主要目标。
而矫直技术是提高板带钢产品表面质量和平坦度的重要环节。
本文介绍了中厚板产生不平直度的原因，中厚板矫直机的种类，中厚板矫直机基本参数、力能参数的确定，中厚板矫直技术的发展。
依据板带矫直机的生产过程和工作原理，经过现场实习，首先从中板矫直机的总体方案评述开始，依次进行了压下电机的选择计算,压下螺丝、压下螺母的的设计及校核，蜗轮蜗杆的设计及校核，轴承的设计及寿命校核，并且研究了矫直机的发展方向。
关键词：压下系统;矫正力 ;矫正机;Type Plate Straightening Machine Pressure SystemDesignAbstractThe product of steeling has become an important tache of rolling billet to be steels in the metallurgy produce industry. The strongpoint of this industry is have great output of the production is the variety production. and the produce process is very mechanization and automatization.The steeling is a important technology to fulfill the country need.Also with the development of steeling industry the industry integrate very well with the traditional mechanism industry. How to make use of the steeling manufacture technology, enhance the rolling quality of the production, decrease the product of rolling time,enhance the rate of product useful rolled steel .The straighting technology is a important tache to enhance the surface quality and flatness of the production .This article describes the reasons inflatedness occurred on medium and heavy plate．The type of levelers，the determination of basic parameters，energetic date for 2600 plate leveler,the decision for complete structure and design，the development of plate leveling technology .This article design basis on the board-strip straighting machine produce process and the working principle in the steel metallurgy. This article first begin with the scheme review of the energetic date for 2600. Then go along with choice of the pressure electromotor, the design and checking of pressing the nut and the pressure screw, Worm and worm gear equipment.than design and checking the life of the bearing.Following designed the local assessor and the over all structure. Besides researched the development direction of the straighting machine .Keywords:Pressure system; Correction force; flatness目录1. 绪论 (1)1.1 矫正机现状 (1)1.2辊式矫正机的发展趋势 (1)1.3辊式矫正机的分类 (2)1.4矫正机压下系统 (2)1.5辊式矫正机原理 (3)1.6国内外概况和预测 (3)1.7矫正机压下机构的研究内容 (3)2.总体方案 (5)2.1矫正机压下方案 (5)2.2矫正工艺 (6)2.2.1上排工作辊整体平行调整 (6)2.3总体结构设计 (6)2.3.1压下装置的组成 (6)2.3.2电动机 (7)2.3.3减速机 (7)2.3.4联轴器 (7)3.压下电机选择 (9)3.1矫正机结构参数的确定 (9)M的确定 (10)3.2矫正扭矩k3.3各辊矫直力P的计算 (11)3.4 压下螺丝主要参数计算 (11)3.5电机的选择 (13)3.6传动比的分配 (13)4.蜗杆传动的设计 (15)4.1材料的选择 (15)4.2 蜗轮蜗杆的参数计算 (15)4.3 蜗杆的校核 (17)4.3.1校核齿根弯曲疲劳强度 (17)4.3.2蜗杆刚度的校核 (18)5.压下螺母的设计及强度校核 (20)5.1 螺母的尺寸计算 (20)5.2 螺母的强度校核 (20)6.圆锥滚子轴承寿命计算 (22)7. 润滑方式的选择 (25)8.经济可行性分析 (26)8.1 设备的可靠性分析 (27)8.2 投资回收期 (28)结论 (30)致谢 (31)参考文献 (32)1. 绪论1.1 矫正机现状随着科学技术的发展，钢铁行业的发展日趋完善。
矫直机毕业设计工艺参数
1. 17辊矫直机传动装配设计
主要设计参数
带钢厚度：0.8-3mm
带钢宽度：700-1530mm
带钢屈服极限：Max .280 Mpa
带钢强度极限：Max.420 Mpa
矫直速度：30m/min（厚度<1.8mm）
18m/min（厚度≥1.8mm）矫直辊辊距：52mm
矫直机辊数：17
矫直辊直径：50mm
矫直辊辊身长度：1776mm
支承辊辊距：104mm
支承辊直径：∅100mm
压下行程：+35mm ~ -4.5mm
压下速度：70.5mm/min
2. 入口钢卷小车
主要设计参数
钢卷厚度：0.35~0.65mm；
钢卷宽度：700~1275mm；
钢卷内径：∅508mm；
钢卷外径：∅1000~∅2100mm；
最大卷重：25000kg；
升降行程：1200mm
行走行程: 5000mm
3. 升降辊道
主要设计参数
辊道速度：~13.4m/min
板垛长度：1500~2000mm
板垛宽度：750~1250mm
板垛质量：max.5000kg
棍子直径：∅130mm
棍子长度：300mm
升降行程：580mm
4. 夹送辊机架及压下装配设计主要设计参数
穿带速度：10m/min
牵引张力：1KN
上辊行程: 50mm
辊径：∅200mm
辊长：650mm。
20-40mm板材矫直机设计毕业设计（论文）手册
毕业设计（论文）任务书毕业设计（论文）题目：20-40mm板材矫直机设计设计(论文)的基本内容：1、矫直机主机总装图（A0×1）2、辊系装配图（A0×1）3、机架零件图（A0×1）4、夹送辊轴承透盖、工作辊、下工作辊辊座、主动夹送辊轴（A2×4）5、编写设计说明书6、外文科技文献翻译毕业设计（论文）专题部分：题目：设计（论文）专题的基本内容：学生接受毕业设计（论文）题目日期第 1 周指导教师签字：2011年3月2 日工作计划毕业实习（调研）10月1日——3月1日（包括寒假期间）校外实习单位：沈阳机床厂任务：1.了解各机床的传动特性2.了解机床零件的加工类型3.了解整机设计的流程所需参考资料目录1.孙志礼，马星国，黄秋波，闫玉涛等．机械设计[M]，北京：科学出版社，2008，247-266.2.崔甫矫,直原理与矫直机械（第2版）,冶金工业出版社，20053.傅作宝,冷轧薄钢板生产（第2版）,冶金工业出版社，20054.邹家祥轧钢机械．冶金工业出版社，20005.黄庆学，申光宪，梁爱生等轧机轴承与轧辊寿命研究及应用．冶金工业出版社，20036.史跃强．四重式辊式矫直机初探．鞍钢技术，1994(12)7.王廷溥．板带材生产原理与工艺．冶金工业出版社，19958.俞慧，裴瑞琳．宝钢5m宽厚板热矫直机新工艺．宽厚板，2005(3)拟定设计（实验）方案、论文选题2010年3月8日—2010年3月21日（第1 周—第2周）设计方案论证（论文开题报告，外文文献翻译）3月22日—3月29日（第3周）设计工作与图纸绘制（实验研究、论文工作）3月29日—5月31日（第4周—第12周）撰写说明书（论文）5月31日—6月7日（第13周）毕业设计（论文）主题部分6月8日—6月14日（第14周）毕业设计（论文）送交评阅人日期6月20日（第15周）答辩日期2010年6月21日（第16周）指导教师审批签字：2011年6月17日毕业实习（调研）3月8日—3月21日（第1 周—第2周）单位：东北大学图书馆完成任务情况：1、通过在图书馆查阅相关书籍文献，并做好读书记录和文献出处，对本课题的设计任务明了化；2、在检索数据库中进行本课题的相关检索任务，保存检索文献，进行吸收学习后，了解到本课题的相关前沿知识，对本课题的设计有了基本框架；3、在课余时间去工厂对各种机械进行熟悉，了解了机械产品设计的多样化。
矫直机矫直部分说明书
非标角钢冷轧矫直机(矫直部分)摘要矫直机是轧制车间必不可少的重要设备，而且广泛用于轧材作坯料的各种车间，如汽车、船舶制造厂等。
矫直机矫直钢板时,由于长度方向发生塑性变形,导致钢板与矫直辊速度差可达到3%,因而产生附加扭矩。
以往的整体传动易导致接轴和齿轮损坏,同时当矫直辊与钢板产生速差时,钢板打滑现象会损伤表面,为了避免这些现象的发生,矫直辊尽量采用单独传动或分组传动,同时还可用于控制张力。
本文首先通过对矫直原理的学习了解，通过大量计算确定矫直辊数目。
然后根据工件的形状确定辊形进而来对整个矫直辊结构进行设计。
其次就是动力传动和引导装置的设计。
考虑到传统与现代的设计思想，本课题采用矫直辊在矫直机平台上，均匀而且独立分布。
通过这种设计，它不仅使矫直辊能够单独传动，而且能够通过改变各个矫直辊间的距离随时变身成现代主流的异辊距矫直机。
关键词：矫直机，异辊距，矫直辊，扭矩NON-STANDARD ANGLE IRON COLDSTRAIGHTENING MACHINEABSTRACTStraightening machine is important and indispensable equipment in rolling workshop, and it is also used in a variety of workshops rolled to billets,Such as automotive, ship manufacturing, etc..When straightener is used to Straighten plates, due to length of the plastic ,its deformation is occurred, resulting in the velocity difference between steel plate and straightening rolls, just like the 3% rate,thereby creating additional torque. The overall drive past easily leads to damage between axis and gear.At the same time when the speed of straightening rollers and steel production is different, the steel skidding may damage the surface, in order to avoid the occurrence of these phenomena, straightening roll as far as possible use separate drive or group drive ,at the same time it can also be used to control the tension.Firstly, through the understanding and learning of the principle of straightening, the number of the straightening rollers are determined by a large number of calculations. Then according to the shape of the workpiece , the contour of the straightening roller and the entire design of the structure of straightening roller is determined. The second is the design of the power transmission and guide devices.Taking into account the traditional and modern design, this issue puts the straightening roller into straightening machine platform with uniform and independent distribution. In this design, it not only make the separate drive of straightening rollers possible, but also to transform into modern mainstream straightener by changing the distance between each straightening roller at any time.KEY WORDS: Straightening machine, different from the roll, straighteningrolle前言 (1)第1章绪论 (2)§1.1 矫直的定义 (2)§1.2 矫直技术的发展及现状 (3)§1.3 矫直机的发展及现状 (4)§1.4 平行辊矫直法的简介 (5)第2章矫直部分的设计 (6)§2.1矫直辊数的确立 (6)§2.1.1 矫直辊数与钢板厚度的关系 (6)§2.1.2 矫直的理论计算 (7)§2.2 矫直辊的结构设计 (10)§2.2.1 矫直辊径与辊距的确定 (10)§2.2.2 矫直辊上下两辊中心距地确定 (11)§2.2.3 矫直辊的整体设计 (12)§2.3 矫直辊的整体强度校核 (12)§2.3.1 矫直辊主要参数 (12)§2.3.2 矫直辊主动轴的强度校核 (13)§2.4 本章小结 (15)第3章主传动部分的设计 (16)§3.1传动的结构设计 (16)§3.2 传动部分的强度校核 (18)§3.3 本章小结 (21)第4章轧制部件的设计 (22)§4.1轧制部件的设计 (22)§4.2 轧辊轴的强度校核 (23)§5.3本章小结 (25)第 5 章进料部件、皮带轮的设计 (16)§5.1 进料部件的设计 (26)§5.2皮带轮的设计 (26)§5.3本章小结 (25)第6章总结 (28)参考文献 (30)致谢 (31)矫直技术多用于金属条材加工的后部工序，在很大程度上决定着产、成品的质量水平。
太原科技大学毕业设计(H型钢矫直机)
3、日照H型钢矫直机参考图
说明：一式两份，一份装订入学生毕业设计（论文）内，一份交学院（直属系）。
矫直力
⑴主传动参数
a、主电机
型号、功率、转速、台数。
c、减速箱及分配箱
总速比、输出最大扭矩、数量。
⑵辊体
a、布置型式；b、中心距；c、矫直辊尺寸；e上辊最大行程⑶压下机构
a、摆线针轮减速器
型号、输入功率、输入转速、速比、输出扭矩。
b、压下螺丝
螺丝型式、压下速度：50mm/min。
主要参考文献
1、轧钢设备设计
2011年4月25日学生姓名h型钢矫直机组指导教师马立峰设计论文题目h100350mmh型钢矫直机设计主要研究内容本设备是九辊悬臂式变节距矫直机布置在步进式冷床之后其主要作用是用来矫直轧件在轧制冷却运输过程中由于受到变形不均匀应力温度应力等多种因素影响而可能出现的翼缘内并外扩扭转及镰刀弯等缺陷使钢材平直度和断面形状达到国家相应标准的要求
4、传动系统设计。
工艺参数要求
1、处理前的H型钢形状及性能参数：
A．H型钢规格:H100-350mm
E．来料原始弯曲度：20 mm/m。
F．来料温度：常温
G．来料最大屈服强度：σs≤390MPa
2、设备工艺技术要求：
矫直速度：0～6 m/ s
主要计算参数(仅供参考)
1、设备基本参数、规格、数量
矫直机主机
太原科技大学毕业设计（论文）任务书
（由指导教师填写发给学生）
学院（直属系）：时间：2011年4月25日
学生姓名
H型钢矫直机组
指导教师
马立峰
设计（论文）题目
H100~350mmH型钢矫直机设计
主要研
管材矫直机的PLC控系统设计说明书
编号毕业设计（论文）题目管材矫直机的PLC控制系统设计二级学院重庆理工大学应用技术专业机械设计制造及其自动化班级000000000学生姓名0000 学号0000000000指导教师职称时间目录摘要 (4)Abstract (5)1 绪论 (6)2 矫直机的发展及应用2。
1管材矫直机原理 (7)2.2管材矫直机的发展现状 (7)2.3 矫直机的应用场合与研究意义 (8)3 控制系统比较与介绍3。
1矫直机控制系统的比较 (9)3。
1.1 基于PLC控制系统优点。
(9)3.2可编程序控制器的发展历程 (11)3.3我国可编程序控制器发展中的问题及对策 (13)3.4欧姆龙PLC (14)4基于PLC控制的管材矫直机的硬件设计4。
1硬件选择 (17)4。
1。
1 接触器与继电器的选择 (17)4。
1。
2电机的计算与选择 (18)4.1。
3 可编程控制器的选择 (29)4。
2 主电路接线图 (20)4.3 控制电路接线图 (21)4.4 I/o端口的说明 (22)5 基于PLC控制的管材矫直机的软件设计5.1 软件控制流程图 (23)5。
2 PLC梯形图 (25)5。
2.1 梯形图大致说明 (27)设计总结 (28)致谢 (29)参考文献 (30)摘要本文介绍了利用欧姆龙CPM系列PLC对管材矫直机控制系统总体控制,阐述了控制方案。
实现矫直机控制系统总体控制有多种，可以采用早期的模拟电路、数字电路或模数混合电路。
近年来随着科技的飞速发展，单片机、PLC的应用不断地走向深入,同时带动传统的控制检测技术的不断更新。
本文采用日本欧姆龙公司生产的CPM型PLC 作为核心控制器进行全自动矫直机控制系统的设计，并且设计出了系统结构图、软件流程图、梯形图以及输入输出端子的分配方案。
关键字:PLC 矫直机控制系统 PLC软件设计AbstractThis paper introduces the use of CPM series PLC of omron tube straightening machine control system overall, expounds the control scheme。
毕业设计说明书
1绪论1．1矫直设备的发展1．1．1矫直设备的发展概况矫直技术多用于金属条材加工的后部工序，在很大程度上决定着产、成品的质量水平。
20世纪初已经有矫直圆材的二辊式矫直机。
20世纪30年代中期发明222型六辊式矫直机，显著提高了管材矫直质量。
20世纪60年代中期，为了解决大直径管材的矫直问题，美国萨顿公司研制成功313型七辊式矫直机。
20世纪70年代我国改革开放以后接触到大量的国外设计研制成果，有小到φ1.6mm金属丝矫直机和大到φ600mm管材矫直机。
有速度达到300m/min的高速矫直机和精度达到0.038mm/m的高精度矫直机。
同时也引进许多先进的矫直设备。
进入90年代我国在赶超世界先进水平方面又迈出了一大步，一些新研制的矫直机获得了国家的发明专利；一些新成果获得了市、省及部级科技成果进步奖；有的获得了国家发明奖。
近年来我国在反弯辊形七斜辊矫直机，多斜辊薄壁转毂式矫直机，平行辊异辊距矫直机及矫直液压自动切料机等研制方面相继取得成功，1．1．2矫直作用轧制和热处理后的管材有一系列的缺陷，其中主要的是纵向弯曲和横断面的椭圆度。
为了消除这些缺陷，需设置斜辊式钢管矫直机，在矫直过程中，钢管在矫直辊间作直线前进的同时还进行旋转运动，通过钢管在矫直辊中反复多次弹性弯曲使钢管达到矫直的目的。
1．2矫直设备分类1．2．1矫直机的分类按工作原理不同划分为五大类。
第一类称为反复弯曲矫直机，它们是靠压头或辊子在同一平面内对工件进行反复压弯并逐渐减小压弯量，直到压弯量与弹复量相等而变直。
第二类称为旋转弯曲式矫直机，是工件在塑性弯曲状态下以旋转变形方式从大的等弯矩区向小的等弯矩区过渡，在走出塑性区时弹复变直。
第三类称为拉伸矫直机，它依靠拉伸变形把原来长短不一的纵向纤维拉成等长度并进入塑性变形后经卸载及弹复而变直。
第四类称为拉弯矫直机。
它是把拉伸与弯曲变形合成起来使工件两个表层的较大拉伸及全截面的拉伸变形三者不在同一时间发生，全断面各层纤维的弹复变形也不是同时发生的，既防止了板带的断裂，又提高了矫直质量。
矫直机说明书
2.1矫直机类型KRM30.1250/21T入口宽度1250mm零件厚度0.4-3.0mm辊直径30mm矫直辊号:21pcs进给方向：从左到右零件入口：右速度：5-12m/min矫直驱动:交流电动机测量手段：数字测量指示：米制辊构架调整：机动入口：手保护入口辊台出口：出口辊台驱动：矫直驱动：1pce. 交流驱动,功率5.5kw, 转速1450r/min油润总箱：1pce. 交流驱动,功率0,09kw, 转速1500r/min辊构架调整：2pcs. 正齿轮传动, 功率0,55kw, 转速56r/min2.2宽带研磨机类型GR-2200-900WB/1622-72(Messrs. Grindingmaster )进给高度：950mm(从工件顶部测量)产品宽度：930mm研磨带尺寸（长*宽）1900*960mm（参见Grindingmaster操作说明）2.2.1 湿法除尘部件类型THORNE W120/5.5KW（参见Grindingmaster操作说明）4.0 操作说明与命令4.1 各组成部分的描述4.2 操作模式，机器的启动与制动4.1 各组成部分的描述4.1.1矫直机的视图部分4.1.2辊构架设置4.1.3矫直机驱动4.1.4矫直机超载4.1.5入口出口辊台4.1.1矫直机的视图部分手保护控制台开关箱入口辊台油润总箱（在后部）出口辊台4.1.2辊构架设置设置矫直机以使材料厚度被拉直所需设置由将要拉直的材料质量决定，包括强度、延伸率、横截面积、通过拉直试验确定合适的设置。
总体原则如下：根据金属薄板的厚度调整机器出口。
机器入口数值应当小于金属薄板厚度。
例如：板厚=1.0mm入口：00.70 出口：01.00材料进料时应当使弯曲面朝上，如果第一次拉直后，材料仍然存在向上的曲面（欠拉直），则入口调整需更改，例如改为0.6mm，相反，如果薄板在第一次拉直后向下弯曲（过拉直），则入口缝隙太小而应增加。
，如调至0.80mm.调整是由控制台相应的PUSH按钮实施。
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4-10mm板材矫直机的设计作者姓名：******指导教师：********单位名称：机械工程与自动化专业名称：机械工程及自动化东北大学2011年6月The 4-10 mm Straightening-Machine`s designby Zhang GangSupervisor: Associate Professor Yang Hui LinNortheastern UniversityJune 2011毕业设计（论文）任务书机械工程与自动化学院班级姓名东北大学毕业设计（论文）摘要4-10mm板材矫直机的设计摘要矫直机在冶金工业中用途非常广泛，它是冶金工业生产中常用的矫直设备。
随着科学的发展，轧钢生产行业与传统机械业进一步紧密的结合在一起。
利用轧钢生产技术，提高轧制产品的质量，减少轧制生产的时间，提高成品率，降低生产成本和提高材料的利用率已经成为轧钢机械设计的主要目标。
而矫直技术是提高板带钢产品表面质量和平坦度的重要环节。
在现代化程度较高的连铸生产线中，连铸坯的矫直设备是必不可少的；在型钢、钢板、钢管等轧钢厂的精整车间，矫直机则更是必备的设备之一。
平直度是评价金属板带质量的重要指标之一，随着用户对板带质量要求的不断提高，板带平直度的控制和改善显得日益重要。
板材矫直机是消除板材平直度缺陷，改善板形的关键设备。
本文介绍了板材矫直机的结构特点,原理分析和功能，并对矫直原理做了详细具体的阐述，对其主要零部件做了准确的计算设计和校核，对矫直机的力能参数和结构参数做了计算，同时对矫直机的发展趋势和实际生产中存在的问题做了简单的阐述。
关键词：板材矫直机，力能参数，结构参数，平衡液压缸The 4-10 mm Straightening-Machine`s designAbstractThe straightening machine are Very widely used in the metallurgical industry .It is commonly used in metallurgical industry .With the development of steel-rolling industry, the steel-rolling production industry has been integrated very well with the Traditional mechanical industry. Use the Steel-rolling production technology to enhance the Rolling products` quality , to reduce the time of rolling , to enhance the rate of good-products .to reduce the production cost and enhance the material`s utilization has become the main aim of the steel rolling machine design. However, the straighting techology is the important part of how to enhance the surface quality and flatness. In the modernization of high degree of continuous casting production line，The continuous casting slab of straightening equipment is indispensable。
In the steel, steel plates, steel rolling`s finishing workshop, Straightening machine is one of the necessary equipment. Straightness is one of the important indexes with quality. As the users` demand for the quality requirements enhances unceasingly, the steel`s straightness control and improvement is becoming more and more important. The straightening machine is the key equipment to eliminate straightness` defects.This article introduces the structure`s characteristics of the straightening machine, theory analysis and function, a straightening theory in detail. Accurate calculation design and check of it`s main parts. The Power Parameter of straighter and structure parameters are calculated.At the same time, there is a simple elaboration of the development trend of straighter and the problems of actual production.Keywords: straightening machine，Power Parameter，structure parameters，Balance hydraulic cylinder目录任务书.......................................................................................................................................i中文摘要...............................................................................................................................i i ABSTRACT......................................................................................................................i i i 第1章绪论.. (1)1.1 矫直设备简述 (1)1.1.1矫直机的种类 (1)1.1.2板材矫直设备的布置及结构特点 (4)1.1.3辊式矫直机传动形式特点 (5)1.2 板材矫直技术 (5)1.3 板材矫直机工艺理论及矫直原理分析 (7)1.3.1板材矫直机工艺理论 (7)1.3.2板材矫直机的矫直原理分析 (8)1.4 矫直机在轧钢生产中的作用及发展情况 (9)1.5 板材矫直机的国内外发展情况 (10)1.5.1国内发展情况 (10)1.5.2国外发展情况 (11)第2章总体方案评述 (13)2.1 轿直机的调整形式 (13)2.2 机架结构 (14)2.3 工作辊的装置 (14)2.4 上下支撑辊及调整装置 (14)2.5 换辊装置 (14)2.6 辊的材质选择 (14)2.7 干油、稀油润滑系统 (15)2.8 传动系统的形式 (15)2.9 轴承的选择 (16)2.10压下结构的形式 (16)2.11矫直辊列的布置形式与驱动形式 (17)第3章矫直机结构参数与力能参数的计算 (18)3.1矫直机的技术性能及矫直工艺参数··········································································错误!未定义书签。
3.2矫直机基本结构参数的确定························································································错误!未定义书签。
3.2.1辊距P (18)3.2.2辊径D (19)3.2.3辊身长度L (19)3.2.4辊数N (19)3.2.5矫直速度V (20)3.3 矫直机力能参数的计算 (20)3.4 矫直功率的计算和电机的选择 (23)第4章主要零部件校核计算 (25)4.1矫直辊的校核计算 (25)4.1.1矫直机矫直扭矩的计算 (25)4.1.2第三辊弯曲力矩的计算 (26)4.1.3支反力的确定 (30)4.2矫直辊强度的计算 (32)4.3轴承寿命的校核 (33)4.3.1工作辊轴承寿命的校核 (33)4.3.2支承辊轴承寿命的校核 (33)第5章压下装置的计算及校核 (35)5.1平衡液压缸的选择 (35)5.2压下电机功率的选择 (36)5.2.1压下丝杠的设计 (36)5.2.2输出功率的计算 (36)5.2.3压下电机功率的计算··································································································-37-5.3压上装置的校核计算 (37)5.3.1压上丝杠及压下螺母的强度校核 (37)5.3.2机架与螺母端面间挤压应力校核 (38)第6章润滑方式的选择 (39)第7章技术经济性分析 (40)第8章结论与评价 (42)参考文献 (43)致谢 (44)附录英文资料及译文 (45)第1章绪论1 .1矫直设备简述1.1.1矫直机种类根据矫直方法和结构特点，矫直机可以分为（如图1.1所示）:1:压力矫直机；2：辊式矫直机； 3：管、棒材矫直机；4：张力矫直； 5：拉伸弯曲矫直机等。