英语专业四级语法专题(情态动词)
英语专业四级情态助动词
was in college. (go) used to My mother ________ be very busy the whole used to/ would day. But when evening came, she ________ move very fast to get ready to meet my father. used to/ would At that time, we didn’t understand. We _______ tease her and laugh at her. But now I remember what a tremendous, delicate love she had for him.
Can 表示推测只出现 在否定或疑问句中
You can buy stamps at post office, but you can’t buy shoes there.
must, may, might, can, could
must You’ve be traveling all day. You_____be very tired. I have one teacher who is so forgetful that he gave the same test three weeks in a row. If he may does that two more times, I _____ pass it. could Judge: How _____ you swindle (骗）people who trust in you? Prisoner: but Judge, people who don’t trust you cannot be swindled. ______
专四语法5--情态动词
常见结构
• must have done肯定的推测 (否定式 can not/could not have done) • could/may/might have done不太肯定的推测 • Should/ought to have done本来应该…但没 有发生(否定式表示本来不应该…但发生了) • Needn’t have done vs. didn’t need to do
• 06： • 57. I am surprised ______this city is a dull place to live in. • a. that you should think • b. by what you are thinking • c. that you would think • d. with what you were thinking
情态动词
• 00: • 48. You ______ Jim anything about it. It was none of his business. • a. needn’t have told • b. needn’t tell • c. mustn’t have told • d. mustn’t tell
情态动词
• 99: • 48. He ______ unwisely, but he was at least trying to do something helpful. • a. may have acted • b. must have acted • c. should act • d. would act
情态动词
• 06: • 56. Loudspeakers were fixed in the hall so that everyone ______ an opportunity to hear the speech. • a. ought to have • b. must have • c. may have • d. should have
英语专业四级语法全面总结
Can, may, must, could, might, should, need, dare, ought to
can 表能力,表请求,表对现在事实的肯定猜测. Eg. The light is on, so she can be at home. could 与 was able to I _________ speak English when I was five years old.
反意疑问句 She would have been more agreeable if she had changed a little bit, ________? A. hadn’t she B. hasn’t she C. wouldn’t she D. didn’t she
2. 在I suppose, / think/ believe/ expect 构成的句中, 反意问句根据后半部分而 定. I don’t think he will come, will he? 3. 如果主句中带有seldom, hardly, never, rarely, little, nowhere 等否定词时, 疑 问部分的谓语动词要用肯定式.
No such + n. (不带冠词)+ as 没有….如
There is no such thing as private ownership of land. 土地从未归 于私人所有.
Not so much….as ….
as such 照此, 就以这种身份(资格) A name, as such, means nothing. So much so that 到这种程度…以至于 He likes them So much so that he eats them almost every day.
四级英语中的情态动词
四级英语中的情态动词
1. 形式：情态动词 + 动词原形do;
情态动词 + 动词完成进展时have been doing;
情态动词 + 动词完成时have done
2. 特点：
1) 不管哪一种形式，情态动词的词义都在句中起作用。
2) 情态动词的过去时、现在时没有太大的时间性区别，只是情态动词的过去时用得相对较多，语气比现在时更客气、委婉、缓和。
例： I was wondering if you would like to have dinner with me tonight.
3) 都表示在一定时间对发生和出现的事情进展推测、猜想、判断等。
a) 对现在的事情进展把握较大的判断时
肯定判断一般用must加动词原形，此时，must不再表示必须，而是表示肯定。
否认判断时一般用cant加动词原形，此时，can不再表示能够，而是表示肯定不、肯定没有。
例： He cant be in his own dorm. He must be in Xiao Wangs dorm. Listen! Thats hes singing.唱歌。
)
b) 对过去的事情进展把握较大的判断时
肯定判断一般用must加动词的完成时形式，同样，must不再表示必须，而是表示肯定。
例：19xx年1月四级第41题
Marys score on the test is the highest in her class; she have studied very hard.。
(完整版)专四情态动词历年真题(最新整理)
TEM4 情态动词历年真题1.Which of the following sentences expresses "willingness"? 2012A.By now she will be eating dinner. B I shall never do that again.C.You shall get a promotion. D My brother will help you with the luggage.2. Which of the following best explains the meaning of “Shall we buy the tickets first”? 2012A.He said that we were going to buy the tickets first.B.He requested that we buy the tickets first.C.He suggested that we buy the tickets first.D.He advised us to buy the tickets first.3. Nancy's gone to work but her car's still there. She ____ by bus. 2010A. must have goneB. should have goneC. ought to have goneD. could have gone4. She _____ fifty or so when I first met her at a conference. 2009;2007A. had beenB. must beC. has beenD. must have been5. Aren’t you tired? I ____ you had done enough for today. 2009A. should have thoughtB. must have thoughtC. might have thoughtD. could have thought6. Which of the following sentences expresses "probability"? 2008A. You must leave immediately.B. You must be feeling rather tired.C. You must be here by eight o'clock.D. You must complete the reading assignment on time.7.“You ______ borrow my notes provided you take care of them,” I told my friend. 2007A.couldB.shouldC.mustD.can8. Loudspeakers were fixed in the hall so that everyone______ an opportunity to hear the speech.A ought to haveB must haveC may haveD should have 20069. I am surprised__ this city is a dull place to live in. 2006A that you should thinkB by what you are thinkingC that you would thinkD with what you were thinking10. I went there in 1984, and that was the only occasion when I ________ thejourney in exactly two days. 2005A. must takeB. must have madeC. was able to makeD. could make11. You _____Jim anything about it. It was none of his business.a. needn‘t have toldb. needn’t tellc. mustn’t have toldd. mustn’t tell 200012. He ______unwisely, but he was at least trying to do something helpful.a. may have actedb. must have actedc. should actd. would act 199913. Much as______, I couldn’t lend him the money because I simply didn’t have that much sparecash.a. I would have liked tob. I would like to havec. I should have to liked. I should have liked to 199914. You ______Mark anything. It was none of his business.a. needn’t have toldb. needn’t tellc. mustn’t have toldd. mustn’t tell 199815. As it turned out to be a small house party, we _____so formally.a. need not have dressed upb. must not have dressed upc. did not need to dress upd. must not dress up 199616. The meeting’s been cancelled. Ann _____ all that work.a. need to dob. need havec. needn’t have doned. needed not to do 199517. We could ____him with a detached house when he came, but he had specifically asked for a small flat.95A. provideB. have providedC. not provideD. not have provided18. “She must be in the dormitory now.” “No, she ____ be there. I saw her in the classroom a minute ago.”a. mustn’tb. can’tc. couldn’td. wouldn’t 199419. He _____ the 8:20 bus because he didn’t leave home till 8:25.a. couldn’t have caughtb. ought to have caughtc. shouldn’t have caughtd. must not have caught 1994“”“”At the end, Xiao Bian gives you a passage. Minand once said, "people who learn to learn are very happy people.". In every wonderful life, learning is an eternal theme. As a professional clerical and teaching position, I understand the importance of continuous learning, "life is diligent, nothing can be gained", only continuous learning can achieve better self. Only by constantly learning and mastering the latest relevant knowledge, can employees from all walks of life keep up with the pace of enterprise development and innovate to meet the needs of the market. This document is also edited by my studio professionals, there may be errors in the document, if there are errors, please correct, thank you!。
专四语法 情态动词
3.几个情态动词常考的句型 (1) may/might (just) as well“不妨，最好”， 与had better相近。如： Since the flight was cancelled, you might as well go by train. (2) cannot/can’t…too… “越……越好，怎么 也不过分”。
D. cannot ＋动词＋形容词或副词＋ enough 在“ cannot……too…… ”结构中的 too 可换成 enough ， sufficient 或 sufficiently ； not 也可换成 never ， hardly ， scarcely 等否 定词。例如： You can never be strong enough. 强壮的身体有百利而无一害。 Drinking water can never be pure enough. 饮用 水越纯越好。
8. I went there in 1984, and that was the only occasion when I _____ the journey in exactly two days. (05, 57) A. must take B. must have made C. was able to make D. could make [C] 9. Since the weather is fine we _____ walk for a while. (03, 63) A. may B. must C. might as well D. will [C]
3. Which of the following sentences expresses “probability”? (08, 65) A. You must leave immediately. B. You must be feeling rather tired. C. You must be here by eight o’clock. D. You must complete the reading assignment on time. [B]
英语专业四级词汇语法辅导--情态动词
• 3. Which of the following sentences expresses B "probability"?2008 • A. You must leave immediately. • B. You must be feeling rather tired. • C. You must be here by eight o'clock. • D. You must complete the reading assignment on time. A • 4. He _____ the 8:20 bus because he didn’t leave home till 8:25. (1994) • A. can not /couldn’t have caught • B. ought to have caught • C. shouldn’t have caught • D. must not have caught
情态动词 Modal verbs
• 情态动词: • will（愿意）, shall（将）, must（必须）, can, may, would, should (应该), might, could, ought to, used to （过去常常）, need（需要）, dare（竟敢），have to （不得不）
• (4) ought to / should have v-ed 和 ought not to / shouldn’t have v-ed • 用于对已发生的情况表示“责备”、“不满”，分别表示 “本应该…”和“本不应该…”表示应完成而未完成的动 作用于完成时中的否定句，表示不应完成但已做的动作 A• 1. Aren't you tired? I _____ you had done enough for today. (2009) • A. should have thought B. must have thought • C. might have thought D. could have thought
英语专业四级语法专题(情态动词)ppt课件
情态动词 (+动词原形)
行为动词
1.无人称和数的变化; need 2.尤其用于：
*否定句及疑问句中;
*在if/whether之后; *或与hardly, never,
多用于肯定句;
(sb.) need to do
dare to do
.
(sth.) need to be
dare
no one, nobody连用;
A. provide
B. have provided
C. not provide D. not have provided 4
III. “may / might / must + 不定式完成式” 表示对过去事物的怀疑和推测（可用
于肯定句） She ____ fifty or so when I first met her
2
表示推测——情态动词的重要用法.情态动词对来对现在对过去
肯定的推测
~+V
~+V
~ + have done/
must/should常见must be must be doing have been doing
可能的推测
may, might
否定的推测
can’t, couldn’t
疑问的推测
can, could
劝告或命令 Must I hand it next week? No, you_____ ?
A. mustn't B. can't C. won't D. needn’t
7
V. could V.S. was/ were able to
was/ were able to表示过去有能力并且 成功地做了某事; could表示过去一般的 能力， 但不表示做或未做某事.
（完整版）情态动词归纳大学专四语法
（完整版）情态动词归纳大学专四语法情态动词有can (could), may (might), must, have to, shall (should, will (would), dare (dared), need (needed), ought to等。
情态动词无人称和数的变化；不能单独使用，必须与其后的动词原形构成谓语。
一、can, could1) 表示能力（体力、知识、技能）。
Can you lift this heavy box?（体力）Mary can speak three languages.（知识）Can you skate?（技能）此时可用be able to代替。
Can只有一般现在时和一般过去式；而be able to则有更多的时态。
I’ll not be able to come this afternoon.2) 表示请求和允许。
-----Can I go now?----- Yes, you can. / No, you can’t.此时可与may互换。
在疑问句中还可用could,might代替，不是过去式，只是语气更委婉，不能用于肯定句和答语中。
----Could I come to see you tomorrow?---- Yes, you can. ( No, I’m afraid not. )3) 表示客观可能性（客观原因形成的能力）。
They’ve changed the timetable, so we can go by bus instead.This hall can hold 500 people at least.4) 表示推测（惊讶、怀疑、不相信的态度），用于疑问句、否定句和感叹句中。
Can this be true?This can’t be done by him.How can this be true?二、may, might1) 表示请求和允许。
情态动词 专四
Modal V erbs情态动词情态动词表示说话的语气或情态。
情态动词本身有词义，但不完全，不能单独作谓语，必须和动词一起构成谓语。
情态动词没有人称和数的变化。
大多数情态动词有过去式。
主要情态动词：can, may, will ,must ,shall ,need, dare, had, better, would, sooner, would, as soon, could, might, would, have to, should, ought to, used to, would rather, might, as well情态动词问题解析:1. may be & maybeMay be （可能是）—maybe （或许）（副词）The news may be true.Maybe the news is true.She may be waiting for you at home.Maybe she is waiting for you at home.2. May not & can notmay not 译为“可能不”、“也许不会”而非“不可以”。
“不可以”为must not或can't（不许，不可以）。
---May I smoke here?---No, you mustn't. /you can't /you can not.The news may not be true.Y ou mustn't move any of the papers on the desk.3. Can & be able toBe able to 可以表示更多的时态。
We will be able to finish the work tomorrow.He was not able to realize his greatest ambition.Are you able to design a new computer program?She has not been able to work out the complex problem.4. ought to的否定式ought to的否定式是ought not to，疑问句只把ought提前。
2000-2019历年专四语法情态动词真题
2000-2019专四语法情态动词真题汇总2019年14. Writers often coupled narration with other techniques to develop ideas and support opinions that otherwise________ abstract, unclear, or unconvincing.A. may remainB. could remainC. must have remainedD. might have remained17. The bad news was that he could be a very dangerous person ________ he chooses to be.A. shouldB. couldC. mightD. must2018年20. My mother was determined to help those in need and she would have been immensely proud of what has been achieved these last 20 years. The italicized part in the sentence expresses _______.A. a hypothesisB. a suggestionC. a contradictionD. a surprise2017年6. “It’s a shame that the city official should have gone back on his word.” The m odal auxiliarySHOULD express ________ .A.obligationB.disappointmentC.future in the pastD.tentativeness7.Timothy Ray Brown, the first man cured of HIV, initially opted against the stem cell transplantthat ______ history.A.could have later madeB.should have made laterC.might make laterD.would later make9. At that moment, with the crowd watching me, I was not afraid in the ordinary sense, as _____________ if I___________ alone.A.would have been...had beenB.should be... had beenC.could be...wereD.might have been...were2016年12. Among the four sentences below, Sentence ___________ expresses the highest degree of possibility.A. It may take a long time to find a solution to the problem.B. It might take a long time to find a solution to the problem.C. It could take a long time to find a solution to the problem.D. It should take a long time to find a solution to the problem.20. The sentence I wish I had been more careful in spending money. expresses the speaker's_____.A. hopeB. joyC. regretD. relief2015年58. If you explained the situation to your lawyer, he _____ able to advise you much better than I can.A. will beB. wasC. would beD. were63. Which of the following italicized words does NOT indicate willingness?A. What will you do when you graduate?B. They will be home by now.C. Who will go with me?D. Why will you go there alone?2014年55. Which of the following sentences indicates POSSIBILITY?A. The moon cannot always be at the full.B. You cannot smoke inside the building.C. He cannot come today.D. She cannot play the piano.2013年64. Which of the following sentences expresses a fact? ______.A. Mary and her son must be home by now.B.Careless reading must give poor results.C. It’s getting late, and I must leave now.D. He must be working late at the office.2012年55．Which of the following sentences expresses WILLINGNESS?A．By now she will be eating dinner. B．I shall never do that again．C．My brother will help you with the luggage. D．You shall get a promotion．60．Which of the following best explains the meaning of“Shall we buy the tickets first”?A．He said that we were going to buy the tickets first．B．He requested that we buy the tickets first．C．He suggested that we buy the tickets first．D．He advised us to buy the tickets first．2011年64. The sentence that expresses OFFER is______.A. I’ll get some drinks. What’ll you have?B. Does she need to book a ticket now?C. May I know your name?D. Can you return the book next week?2010年52. Nancy's gone to work but her car's still there. She ____ by bus.A. must have goneB. should have goneC. ought to have goneD. could have gone2009年52. If there were no subjunctive mood, English _____ much easier to learn.A. could have beenB. would'beC. will beD. would have been53. She _____ fifty or so when I first met her at a conference.A. had beenB. must beC. has beenD. must have been59. Little _____ about her own safety, though she herself was in great danger.A. she caredB. she may careC. may she careD. did she care61. Aren't you tired? I ____ you had done enough for today.A. should have thoughtB. must have thoughtC. might have thoughtD. could have thought2008年52. Had Judy been more careful on the maths exam, she ________ much better results now.A. would be gettingB. could have gotC. must getD. would get65. Which of the following sentences expresses "probability"?A. You must leave immediately.B. You must be feeling rather tired.C. You must be here by eight o'clock.D. You must complete the reading assignment on time.2007年53. You ________ borrow my notes provided you take care of them,' I told my friend.A. couldB. shouldC. mustD. can56. She ________ fifty or so when I first met her at the conference.A. must beB. had beenC. could beD. must have been2006年52. If only I ________ play the guitar as well as you!A. wouldB. couldC. shouldD. might56. Loudspeakers were fixed in the hall so that everyone ________ an opportunity to hear the speech.A. ought to haveB. must haveC. may haveD. should have2005年51. If you explained the situation to your solicitor, he ________ able to advise you much better than I can.A. would beB. will have beenC. wasD. were57. I went there in 1984, and that was the only occasion when I ________ the journey in exactly two days.A. must takeB. must have madeC. was able to makeD. could make2004年50.________ both sides accept the agreement ________ a lasting peace be established in this region.A. Only if, will.B. If only, would.C. Should, will.D. Unless, would.2000年44. Do help yourself to some fruit, ________ you?A. can'tB. don'tC. wouldn'tD. won't48. You ________ Jim anything about it. It was none of his business.A. needn't have toldB. needn't tellC. mustn't have toldD. mustn't tell49. All of us would have enjoyed the party much more if there ________ quite such a crowd of people there.A. weren'tB. hasn't beenC. hadn't beenD. wouldn't be。
英语专业四级词汇语法辅导时态代词情态动词形容词副词句子成分
• 2．Mr. Wells, together with all the members of his family, ____ for Europe this afternoon．(2004—51)
一般现在时
• 考点三：在make sure (certain), see to it, mind, care, matter ＋宾语从句， 从句用一般现在时代 替一般将来时。
For example: • So long as he works hard, I don’t mind when he
finishes the experiment. • 只要他努力工作， 我不介意他什么时候做完试验
一般现在时
• 考点一：表示永恒的真理，即使出现在过去的语境中，
仍用一般现在时。
• I learned that the earth goes around the sun when I was in primary school.
•
考点二：在时间和条件状语从句中，代替一般将来时；
常用的引导词有：
•
•
I have learned English for ten years.
现在完成时
• 考 点 二 ： 常 见 的 不 确 定 的 时 间 状 语 ： lately; recently, just, already, yet, up to now; till now; so far, these days, for
英语专业四级词汇语法辅导时态代 词情态动词形容词副词句子成分
1、一般现在时
主要用来表示人、事物的现在状况和特点； 表示经常或习惯性的动作，句子中常有 often, always, from time to time 等时间状 语； 表示客观规律和永恒真理等。 • He usually goes to work at 7 o’clock every morning. • She has a brother who lives in New York. • The earth goes around the sun. • Guangzhou is situated in the south of China.
专四常见情态动词汇总
错误。
在家。
The weather here could be very cold in winter. 冬天这的天气有时很冷。
也可以用于肯定句。， An accident can happen if you do this.
如果你这样做，可能会发生事故。
表示有可能存在或发 生，不表示某事实际发 生的可能 It can rain this evening. (误)
bus. 公共汽车上不许吸烟。
During the meeting I could ask
2
may/might
疑不决，当你没有把握得到 Can I carry your bag? 我来 Yes, of course you can.
questions. (误)
允许时，这样更婉转。
替你提包好吗？
Could I ask you something? Could I give you dinner one
7
must will/would
1)表示说话人的猜测。对某事有把握，因为 一般用于肯定句。
从逻辑上是必然的。
There must be a mistake. 肯定有错
This must be the book you want. 这肯定是你 误。
要的那本书。 2)表示根据逻辑必须发生的事。 All men must die. 人都是要死的。
Students may not stay out after midnight. 学生午夜后
May I come in? 我可以 进去吗？
3
must
You may smoke.你可以吸 不得在外逗留。
No, you mustn't. 不，你
专四情态动词
Difficult Points
Review: Auxiliaries
Grammar
The grammatical function of auxiliaries is to help main verbs. Auxiliaries fall into three categories: primary auxiliaries, modal auxiliaries and semi-auxiliaries. 助动词的语法功能是协助主动词表示不同的语法 意义或情态意义,比如表示某一动作正在进行或已 经完成，“应该”做某事或“不应该”做某事。 助动词分为三类：基本助动词、情态助动词和半 助动词。
Hrammar
第二，如果所用情态助动词无过去时形式，在间接引语中 则仍采用现在时形式，不过，时间关系应理解为是向过去
作了推移。例如：
“You must reach camp by ten ．”你们必须10点钟以前 到达营地。 →They were told they must reach camp by ten ． “You ought to be ashamed of yourself ．”你应该为
Home
比较may和might(P242)
Grammar
1） 表示允许或请求；表示没有把握的推测；may 放在句 首，表示祝愿。 May God bless you! He might be at home. 注意： might 表示推测时，不表示时态。只是可能性比 may 小。 2） 成语： may/might as well，后面接不带to 的不定式， 意为“不妨”。 If that is the case, we may as well try.
专四语法(高考语法)情态动词和虚拟语气
考点三：must 与 have to 1．must 用来表示说话人的主观看法；have to 表示客观 的需要，强调外界压力，不得已而为之。如： He said that they must work hard。 他说他们必须努力工作。(主观上要做这件事) My brother was ill, so I had to call the doctor in the middle of the night. 我弟弟生病了，我只得半夜里把医生请来。(客观上需要 做这件事)
第一篇 专题七
考点六：should 与 ought to 1．should 表示“建议”或“劝告”，有“应该”之意。 如： You should learn from each other. 2．ought to 表示根据某种义务或必要“应当”做某事。 如： Everyone ought to obey the traffic regulations.
第一篇 专题七
2．will 表示习惯性的动作，有“总是，惯于”的含义。 如： An Englishman will usually show you the way in the street. 英国人通常是会在街上给你指路的。 3．would 可表示过去反复发生的动作。如： On Sundays he would get up early and go fishing. 星期天他总是早起去钓鱼。
第一篇 专题七
考点二：may 与 might 1．表示允许，意为“可以，许可”，用法基本上同 can 与 could。如： May I use your bicycle? 2．表示可能性，意为“也许，可能”。如： According to the weather forecast, it may rain tomorrow. 3．may 可以放在句首，表示祝愿。如： May good luck be yours!
专四_情态动词_历年真题
TEM4 情态动词历年真题1. Which of the following sentences expresses "willingness"? (2012)A. By now she will be eating dinner.B. I shall never do that again.C. You shall get a promotion.D My brother will help you with the luggage.2. Which o f the following best explains the meaning of “Shall we buy the tickets first”? (2012)A. He said that we were going to buy the tickets first.B. He requested that we buy the tickets first.C. He suggested that we buy the tickets first.D. He advised us to buy the tickets first.3. Nancy's gone to work but her car's still there. She ____ by bus. (2010)A. must have goneB. should have goneC. ought to have goneD. could have gone4. She _____ fifty or so when I first met her at a conference. (2009; 2007)A. had beenB. must beC. has beenD. must have been5. Aren’t you tired? I ____ you had done enough for today. (2009)A. should have thoughtB. must have thoughtC. might have thoughtD. could have thought6. Which of the following sentences expresses "probability"? (2008)A. You must leave immediately.B. You must be feeling rather tired.C. You must be here by eight o'clock.D. You must complete the reading assignment on time.7. “You ______ borrow my notes provided you take care of them,” I told my friend. (2007)A. couldB. shouldC. mustD. can8. Loudspeakers were fixed in the hall so that everyone______ an opportunity to hear the speech.A. ought to haveB. must haveC. may haveD. should have (2006)9. I am surprised__ this city is a dull place to live in. (2006)A. that you should thinkB. by what you are thinkingC. that you would thinkD. with what you were thinking10. I went there in 1984, and that was the only occasion when I ________ the journey in exactly two days. (2005)A. must takeB. must have madeC. was able to makeD. could make11. You _____Jim anything about it. It was none of his business.A. needn‘t have toldB. needn’t tellC. mustn’t have toldD. mustn’t tell (2000)12. He ______unwisely, but he was at least trying to do something helpful.A. may have actedB. must have actedC. should actD. would act (1999)13. Much as______, I couldn’t lend him the money because I simply didn’t have that much spare cash.A. I would have liked toB. I would like to haveC. I should have to likeD. I should have liked to (1999)14. You ______Mark anything. It was none of his business.A. needn’t have toldB. needn’t tellC. mustn’t have toldD. m ustn’t tell (1998)15. As it turned out to be a small house party, we _____so formally.A. need not have dressed upB. must not have dressed upC. did not need to dress upD. must not dress up (1996)16. The meeting’s been can celled. Ann _____ all that work.A. need to doB. need haveC. needn’t have doneD. needed not to do (1995)17. We could ____him with a detached house when he came, but he had specifically asked for a small flat. (1995)A. provideB. have providedC. not provideD. not have provided18. “She must be in the dormitory now.” “No, she ____ be there. I saw her in the classroom a minute ago.”A. mustn’tB. can’tC. couldn’tD. wouldn’t (1994)19. He _____ the 8:20 bus because he didn’t leave home till 8:25.A. couldn’t have caughtB. ought to have caughtC. shouldn’t have caughtD. must not have caught (1994)DCADA BDCAC AAAAA CBBA。
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祈使句+反意疑问句
When you have finished with the book,
don’t forget to return it to Tim, ________? A. do you B. will you C. don’t you D. won’t you
VIII.可兼做行为动词的情态动词：need 、 dare 情态动词 (+动词原形) 行为动词
VI. could / might / would 表委婉 Might I watch TV after super? Yes, you
______. A. may B. could C. would D. might Could / Might I use your bike tomorrow morning? --- Yes, you can /may. (否定: No, I’m afraid not)
表示推测——情态动词的重要用法. 情态动词 肯定的推测
对将来 对现在 对过去 ~+V ~+V ~ + have done/ must/should常见must be must be doing have been doing 可能的推测
~
+ V.
may, might
否定的推测
+ V. ~ + have done + be doing /have been doing 可以用not表示“可能不”
IV. “mustn’t + 动词不定式一般式” 表示“不允许”，是说话人强有力的
劝告或命令 A. mustn't B. can't C. won't D. needn’t
Must I hand it next week? No, you_____ ?
V. could V.S. was/ were able to was/ were able to表示过去有能力并且
在反意疑问句中，当附属部分含有表示推测意义
的must时，疑问部分的助动词应与must后面的动 词在非推测情况下的用法保持一致。
He must be a worker, ______ he? isn’t You must have learned English for many
years, ________haven`t you? It must have rained last night, _______ it? didn’t He must have arrived by yesterday morning, _________? hadn’t he
The sentence that expresses OFFER is A. I’ll get some drink. What’ll you have? B. Does she need to book a ticket now? C. May I know you name? D. Can you return the book next week?
1.无人称和数的变化; 多用于肯定句; need 2.尤其用于： (sb.) need to do *否定句及疑问句中; dare to do *在if/whether之后; . (sth.) need to be *或与hardly, never, no one, nobody连用; done dare 3.常以needn’t 和daren’t (sth.) need doing 的形式出现; 4.dare有其过去时dared.
III. “may / might / must + 不定式完成式” 表示对过去事物的怀疑和推测（可用
于肯定句） She ____ fifty or so when I first met her at a conference. A. had been B. must be C. has been D. must have been
成功地做了某事; could表示过去一般的 能力， 但不表示做或未做某事.
The fire spread through the hotel quickly
but everyone __________ get out. A. had to B. would C. could D. was able to
肯定句、否定句、一般疑问句）；表 示过去某种动作可能发生，但是由于 某种原因而没有做到的事情。 We could _____ him with a detached house when he came, but he had specifically asked for a small flat. A. provide B. have provided C. not provide D. not have provided
~
can’t, couldn’t
~
+V.
~
+V. + be doing V. + be doing
~+
~
+ have done
/ have been doing
~+
ห้องสมุดไป่ตู้
疑问的推测
~+
V.
have done
can, could
II. “can/ could +不定式完成式” 表示对过去发生事情的推测（可用于
情态动词
I. “needn’t＋完成时态”结构 didn’t need + 不定式一般式：动作还未
发生 needn’t ＋ 不定式完成式：动作已经发 生 You _____ Jim anything about it. It was none of his business. A. needn’t have told B. needn’t tell C. mustn’t have told D. mustn’t tell