大学英语精读第二册(修订本)练习试卷5含答案及讲解

华东理工大学继续教育学院成人教育《基础英语》（二级）模拟试卷五I.Vocabulary and structure (30%)Directions:There are 30 incomplete sentences in this part. For each sentence there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Choose the ONE that best completes the sentence. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet.1.The machine is named ________ its inventor.A) with B) to C) by D) aftercation may not ________ much today, but it will tomorrow.A) mean by B) count C) hint D) hope3.The two political parties have been in ________ since the election.A) struggle B) battle C) conflict D) quarrel4.It would be unwise to ________ too much importance to what he said.A) indicate B) attach C) provide D) pay5.The doctor soon made the worried patient feel ________.A) at ease B) in private C) at rest D) in peace6.Recently the OPEC decided to increase the oil prices, and this almost led to an economic________.A) problem B) crisis C) danger D) uncertainty7.The rooms had been booked ________ before I arrived there.A) in advance B) in detail C) in general D) in all8.It was a(n) ________ caused by the weak lights that made me think I saw a man in theshadows.A) impression B) imagination C) vision D) illusion9.The ________ to steal is greater than ever before — especially in large shops.A) temptation B) lure C) attraction D) charm10.Let’s put up some pictures on the ______ walls.A) blank B) empty C) bare D) hollow11.They have developed techniques which are ______ to those used in most factories.A) more talented B) better C) greater D) superior12.Man must stop ______ the earth’s atmosphere.A) filling B) emitting C) polluting D) wasting13.Unfortunately, very few sheep ______ the severe winter last year.A) survived B) endured C) spent D) remained alive14.The two boys has so ______ in common that they soon became good friends.A) little B) few C) much D) many15.I suddenly realized that he was trying to ______ quarrelling with me.A) consider B) enjoy C) avoid D) prevent16.The three hours I spent in the school library ______ my old passion for reading.A) brought about B) brought over C) brought forth D) brought back17.Thousands of people ______ to see the parade (游行).A) turned off B) turned out C) turned up D) turned over18.Here are some toys. You can ______ one or two for your little son as birthday gift from me.A) single out B) pick out C) take out D) work out19.Susan wants to know whether the measures have been agreed ______.A) to B) with C) over D) upon20.Don’t ______ a car thief by leaving the keys in the car.A) arouse B) tempt C) intend D) invite21.Social sciences such as psychology and sociology are concerned with the study of human_______.A) incident B) evidence C) indication D) behavior22.So far the management has made no ______ to the workers’ demand for higher wages.A) response B) admission C) conservation D) investigation23.Meat easily ________ in summer season.A) becomes badly B) changes worse C) turns badly D) goes bad24.The noise around was terrible, but I had to _______ it.A) keep away from B) keep up with C) live with D) live on25.I expect to _______ many difficulties in the course of this job.A) solve B) cause C) encounter D) emerge26.This machine is very complicated. Once _______, it can hardly be put together again.A) taken away B) taken out C) taken back D) taken apart27.He was a(n) _______ person in spite of his great success.A) ambitious B) modest C) profound D) incompetent28.It was not long _______ the police knew where the suspect was and came to arrest him.A) after B) when C) before D) until29._______ appearances, they are probably Japanese.A) Judged B) Considered C) Judging with D) Judging by30.It was a long drive to get to the beach and we three took the wheel (驾驶) _______.A) by return B) on turn C) in return D) in turnII.Reading comprehension (30%)Directions:There are 3 passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B) C) and D). You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet.Questions 31 to 35 are based on the following passage:It is difficult to imagine what life would be like without memory. The meanings of thousands of everyday perceptions, the bases for the decisions we make, and the roots of our habits and skills are to be found in our past experiences, which are brought into the present by memory.Memory can be defined as the capacity to keep information available for later use. It includes not only “remembering” things like arithmetic or historical facts, but also involves any change in the way an animal typically behaves. Memory is involved when a rat gives up eating grain because he has sniffed something suspicious in the grain pile. Memory is also involved when a six-year-old child learns to swing a baseball bat.Memory exists not only in humans and animals but also in some physical objects and machines. Computers, for example, contain devices for storing data for later use. It is interesting to compare the memory-storage capacity of a computer with that of a human being. The instant-access memory of a large computer may hold up to 100,000 “words”— ready for instant use. An average U.S. teenager probably recognizes the meaning of about 100,000 words of English. However, this is but a fraction of the total amount of information which the teenager has stored. Consider, for example, the number of faces and places that the teenager can recognize on sight.The use of words is the basis of the advanced problem-solving intelligence of human beings.A large part of a person’s memory is in terms of words and combinations of words.31.According to the passage, memory is considered to be _______.A)the basis for decision making and problem solvingB)an ability to store experiences for future useC)an intelligence typically possessed by human beingsD)the data mainly consisting of words and combinations of words32.The comparison made between the memory capacity of a large computer and that of a humanbeing shows that _________.A)the computer’s memory has a little bigger capacity than a teenager’sB)the computer’s memory capacity is much smaller than an adult human being’sC)the computer’s memory capacity is much smaller even than a teenager’sD)both A and B33.The whole passage implies that _________.A)animals are able to solve only very simple problemsB) a person’s memory is different from a computer’s in every respectC)only human beings have problem-solving intelligenceD)animals solve problems by instincts rather than intelligence34.The phrases “in terms of” in the last sentence can best be replaced by _______.A)in connection with B) expressed byC)consisting in D) by means of35.The topic of the passage is _______.A)Memory is of vital importance to life.B)What would life be like without memory?C)How is a person’s memory different from an animal’s or a computer’s?D)What is contained in memory?Questions 36 to 40 are based on the following passage:The earliest films were short, lasting only one minute or less. People could, for one cent, see simple action films of trains, fire engines, parades, crowds on city streets, and similar subjects. Soon 20-minute pictures of news items were being shown in theaters at the end of the regular stage show. Later, films used a new method (putting the beginning of one scene upon the end of the scene before) for magical effects and to tie a story together. In 1903 a film was made about a train robbery. Much of the action took place at the same time---the robbers escaping, the men meeting and planning to capture them---and the scenes moved smoothly, back and forth, from onescene to another instead of unnaturally showing each scene separately. This was the earliest successful film in which scenes were filmed at different places and times and they combined to make a logical story. A short time later, theaters showed for five cents a whole hour's entertainment of short films---comedy, travel, and drama. These films were simple and rough, and many were vulgar. Gradually, the audiences improved as the techniques improved.Before 1910 actors were employed in films without their names being given, because the producers were afraid that, if an actor became well known, he might demand more money. But later it became known that a film with a popular actor in it could be sold at a higher price to theater owners than could a film in which the actor was not known. Soon "movie star" won fame wherever films were shown. By 1915 the more popular stars were earning as much as $2,000 a week, and large theaters were being built downtown in all the larger cities to show films alone. The films shown in those theaters were of several types: comedies, emphasizing speed, movement, and camera tricks; "westerns," which showed, then as now, the American cowboy fighting on the side of law and justice; murder mysteries and crime stories, and special films on art, music, and other cultural subjects.36. Pictures of paradox shown in the first films went on for no more than________.A) one minute B) 20 minutesC) a whole hour D) about two minutes37. It was not until 1903 that people began to make films________.A) by using magical effectsB) by naturally joining the scenes together in a storyC) at a railroad stationD) by putting the beginning of one scene upon the end of another38. The first successful film in which the pictures were taken at different places and times and then put together logically was about ________.A) a train accident B) the robbery of a trainC) a story of a train D) the capturing of the robbers39. It was most likely that "movie stars" began to appear ________.A) as early as 1903 B) not until 1910C) in 1915 D) after 191540. This passage is mainly about ________.A) modern movie developmentB) early movie starsC) various types of films in the early 20th centuryD) history of film-makingQuestions 41 to 45 are based on the following passage:On May 13, 1787, a fleet of English ships set sail for Australia with about 750 people. These men and women were no ordinary passengers. They were convicts (罪犯) being sent to Australia as punishment for their crimes.Laws in England during this period were very harsh, and people were punished severely for even the smallest crimes. A man could be sentenced to death for hunting on another man’s property or he could be put to death for chopping down someone else’s tree. For many othercrimes, the punishment was “transportation” (流放). The guilty person was shipped to a distant land where he was forced to work without pay. Often women and children were shipped to other land, too.In 1770, Captain Cook had discovered the continent of Australia and claimed it for England. At first, England found no use for this vast land on the other side of the world, but then the American Revolution took place. England could no longer ship her convicts to the American colonies. So she turned to Australia as a good place for her prisoners.A former naval captain was picked to accompany the convicts to the new colony. His job was to help them build a settlement which he would govern. The captain was glad to go. He believes the convicts could learn to live in peace. He felt they would obey the laws in new country.In January 1788, the English fleet and its stranger cargo landed in Australia. After days of searching, the captain found a fine harbor. The land nearby had tree and streams. The convicts colony made a new beginning here. Australia’s history had begun.41. What is implied but not directly stated in the passage?A) People were not often punished in England long ago.B) England’s laws have changed very much since 1787.C) Laws in England remain the same since 1787.D) Captain Cook claimed Australia for the convicts.42. On the whole, the article tells about _______.A) a fleet of English shipsB) hunting on other people’s propertyC) a convict settlement in AustraliaD) the transportation of Cook43. Which statement does the article lead you to believe?A) A new chance may de good for many people.B) All English fleets have very stranger cargo.C) The men on the English ships were ordinary.D) Captain Cook could not govern the new country.44. Why did England sent convicts to Australia?A) It wanted to make Captain Cook happy about Australia.B) It wanted convicts to find a fine harbor and good land.C) It could not feed its overpopulation.D) It could no longer send convicts to America.45. Which statement seems true according to the passage?A) Former naval captains always start new colonies.B) The American Revolution took place in Australia.C) A great country may grow from a small colony.D) Convicts are not easy to be governed.III.Cloze (10%)Directions:There are 30 incomplete sentences in this part. For each sentence there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Choose the ONE that best completes the sentence. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet.Smoking, which may be a pleasure for some people, is a serious source of discomfort for their fellows. __46__, medical authorities express their __47__ about the effect of smoking ___48___ the health not only __49__ those who smoke but also of those who do not. In fact, non-smokers who must __50__ inhale the air polluted by tobacco smoke may __51__ more than the smokers themselves.As you are doubtless __52__, a considerable number of our students have __53__ in effort to __54__ the university to ban smoking in the classrooms. I believe they are __55__ right in their aim. __56__, I would hope that it is __57__ to achieve this by __58__ on the smokers to use good judgment and show concern __59__ others rather than regulation.Smoking is __60__ by city laws in theaters and halls used for __61__ films as well as in laboratories where there __62__ be a fire hazard. Elsewhere it is up to your good sense.I am __63__ asking you to maintain __64__ in the auditoriums, classrooms and seminar rooms. This will prove that you have the non-smokers health and well-being in __65__ which is very important to a large number of our students.46. A) Still B) More C) Again D) Further47. A) concern B) trouble C) interest D) displeasure48. A) on B) in C) with D) to49. A) of B) about C) with D) to50. A) involuntarily B) differently C) directly D) reluctantly51. A) endure B) suffer C) undergo D) put52. A) alert B) awake C) aware D) informed53. A) linked B) connected C) associated D) joined54. A) make B) persuade C) say D) talk55. A) entirely B) total C) just D) whole56. A) Then B) However C) Further D) Moreover57. A) like B) probable C) capable D) possible58. A) pleading B) begging C) suggesting D) calling59. A) with B) for C) to D) in60. A) prohibited B) stopped C) suppressed D) prevented61. A) playing B) demonstrating C) showing D) exhibiting62. A) will B) should C) may D) must63. A) then B) therefore C) subsequently D) so64. A) “No Smoking” B) “Non-Smoking”C) “No Smoke”D) “Non-Smoke”65. A) head B) heart C) mind D) senseIV.Translation from English into Chinese (15%)66. A spirited discussion springs up between a young girl, who says that women have outgrownthe jumping-on-a-chair-at-the-sight-of-a-mouse era and a major who says that they haven’t. 67. By birth and by education Jefferson belonged to the highest social class. Yet, in a day whenfew noble persons ever spoke to those of humble origins except to give an order, Jefferson went out of his way to talk with gardeners, servants, and waiters.68. He won the Nobel Prize for his Photoelectric Theory (光电理论), a series of equations that heconsidered relatively minor in importance, but he didn’t have any curiosity in observing how his theory made TV possible.V.Translation from Chinese into English (15%)69. 他病了一个月左右，这使他在学习上耽误了很多。