四大发明简介(中英文版本)

China Ancient Four Inventions

Compass, gunpowder 7 g；\n, paud^], papermaking skill and typography Etai' pj grdfil, is China ancientE* einj ant] four inventions, it is one of the signs that China become to the ancient civilizedE J sivilaizd] country, occupy7 o kjupai] the important posi tion in the history of human civilizationE, sivilai，zeij* on]・

罗盘、火药、造纸术和印刷术，是中国古代四大发明,这是中国成为这古老文明的国家，占据在人类文明史上占有重要地位的标志之一。

pass指南针

The invention of the compass is the result of China ancient working people know to the object magnetismE^m^gnitizemj in the long-term practice・指南针的发明是我国古代劳动人民长期实践中认识到物体的磁性的结果。

Because of productive laborleibd], people have found the characteristic [, ristik] of the magnet 7 mie g nit] pointing to

direction. Through experiment and research in many ways, invented the Compass at last・

山于生产劳动，人们已经发现了磁铁的指出方向的特点。通过试验和在许多方面的研究，发明了指南针。

The Compass give play to important function^ f A ° k J an] in the navigationE, gei/ anl after introducing to EuropL* juaraple・指南针在传入欧洲后，在导航上发挥了重要的作用

2.Gunpowder 火药

The gunpowder is made of nit er, sulfur sAlfa] and charcoal ['t J a:kaul] three kinds of materials Ema" tiarialz] mixing・火药是山硝石、硫和木炭三种原料混合制成的。In the Tang Dynastydinasti], the gunpowder begins to be applied® plaid] to the m 订itary? militari] affairs_[9, f f al.唐朝，火药开始应用到军事上。People utilize? ju:tilaizj the throwing stone machine-[md，J* i:n], light the gunpowder bag and throw out, burn the enemy_[J enimi], this is the most primitive 7 primitiv] cannon [‘]・

人们利用抛射石头的抛石机，把火药包点着以后，抛射出去，烧伤敌人，这是最原始的火炮。

3.Papermaking skill 造纸术

The invention of papermaking skill is China ' s contribution to the civilization of the world.造纸技术的发明，是中华民族对世界文明的杰出贡献之一。

In the Eastern Han Dynasty ・ 105), the papermaking skill inventor Cai lun is on the basis of that forefathersfo r, fad^] weaveLwi:v] silks Isilks] experience, have made into the vegetable [' vedsitabl] fiber I* faiba] paper with bark, broken fishingE* fij ig ] network, ragir^g], etc・raw materials・From then on, paper become to the material that generally? dsenarali] write.

东汉和帝元兴元年(公元105年)，蔡伦在总结前人制造丝织晶的经验的基础上，发明了用树皮、破渔网、破布、麻头等作为原料，制造成了适合书写的植物纤维纸，才使纸成为人们普遍使用的书写材料。被称为“蔡侯纸”。

4.Typography 印刷术

The typography is one of the most important four inventions in ancient China・

印刷术是最重要的中国古代四大发明之一

The woodblockwdbl；)k] printing appear in Sui dynasty, it is that carve[k a : v] protruding Lprau1tru:dl Backward Chinese character [' kJerakta] on woodblock with knife, then brush Chinese ink-liquid? likwid], print [print] on the paper・

它开始于隋朝的雕版印刷，是用刀在一块块木板上雕刻成凸出来的反写字，然后再上墨，印到纸上。

In Sung Dynasty, word worker Bi Sheng ・ 1004 ---- 1048), Use the clay Zklei] with viscidity Ivi* sidatil, make into the rectangle 7 rek, t»r)gll cube[kju:b], carve the single Chinese characters on it, burn it with the fire, form the font[fa nt]・ The printing skill is named the typography.

北宋刻字工人毕升在公元1004年至1048年间，用质细且带有粘性的胶泥，做成一个个四方形的长柱体，在上面刻上反写的单字，一个字一个印，放在土窑里用火烧