中考英语语法思维导图
50张思维导图搞定所有英语语法知识
50张思维导图搞定所有英语语法知识
英语学习中，语法无疑是一个重难点，今天为大家收集了50张英语学习思维导图，大家一定要仔细看哦~
01中学英语语法知识体系
02英语能力树
03英语学习习惯
04单词记忆通用工具
05英语整体建构课堂教学模式
06和谐教育整体建构教学法
07中学英语16种时态
08名词I
09名词II
10冠词
11数词
12代词的分类
13人称代词
14物主代词
15反身代词
16指示代词
17疑问代词
18关系代词
19不定代词
20形容词
21副词
22形容词和副词的比较等级
23有关比较级的区别
24动词
25常见助动词用法
26助动词
27非谓语动词
28动词ing形式
29不定式的时态和语态
30省to的动词不定式
31不定式作宾语
32不定式作补语
33不定式作主语
34
不定式语法功能
35doing和to do的区别1
36doing和to do的区别2
37分词
38独立主格结构
39一般现在时
40一般将来时
41现在完成时
42一般过去时
43现在进行时
44时态与时间状语
45被动语态
46各种形式的被动语态
47句子的种类
48反意疑问句
49反意疑问句记忆规则1
50反意疑问句记忆规则2。
中考英语语法思维导图动词
for D. was waiting for
off
34. Don’t opnut off today’s work for toofmforrow. I mean, otnoday’s work
_____ topdraayc.tised
77(7唱777)English songs for one and a half
A. give
B. gives
C. gave
D. will give
35. When I went to say goo6d6b6y6e66 to Anna, she _______ the piano.
A. is playing
B. plays
C. was playing D. played
37. Henry speaks Chinese very well. He _______ in China since 2002.
began to rain.
having
havin
g
32. Nick
a new camera. He has taken lots of pictures with it.
中考英语 语法思维导图之三 宾语从句 人教新目标版
可以作动词，介词或某些形容词作宾语的句子叫宾从
的宾语
语序.时态引导词后用陈述语序that+陈述句主现从不限
（主+谓:
人在动词前）主过从相应过whether/if+一般疑问句真理：
真不讲理只用现在时特殊疑问词+特殊疑问句宾语从句
（1）that可省略*be+形容词+that宾从
（2）只用whether,不用if：
①+主从②+表从③介词后
④+to do⑤+让步状从⑥discuss后
⑦wonder / not sure后⑧含义易混时⑨+or not
（3）宾从省略式：
特殊疑问词+不定式what to do与how to do it
（4）在think, believe等引导的宾从中，如果否定的是后面的从句，要否定前移5）作宾从语序不变的情况：
What’s wrong with ...?What’s the matter with...?
Which is the way to the...?What is the most useful invention in the world?
What is happening over there?Who is standing over there?注意事项
1/ 1。
第七章介词(思维导图+知识梳理+好题精炼)2022-2023初中英语中考语法归纳
表让步,如 despite ,in spite of 等.
表对于,如 at, for, over, to, with 等.
表关于,如 h regard to, as for, as to 等.
表根据,如 on, according to 等.
地点、空间和其他关系.介词后面的名词、代词或其他成分作介词的宾语.介词与它后面的宾语一起构成介词 短语才能在句子中充当某一成分.介词短语在句中主要用作:
(一)作主语 From Hangzhou to Shanghai is three hours by train.从杭州到上海坐火车要三小时. (二)作宾语的介词 A pretty girl appeared from behind the curtain.一个漂亮女孩从帘子后面出现了. (三)作表语 I'm in need of your help.我需要你的帮助. (四)作定语 I have lost the key to the door of my room.我把房间的钥匙丢了. A friend in need is a friend indeed.患难的朋友才是真朋友. (五)作宾语补足语 I found him in a hurry.我发现他匆匆忙忙的. (六)作状语 Lessons begin at eight.八点开始上课. On the top of the hill we can see how beautiful Beijing is.在山顶上,我们看到了好美的北京城. 四、常见介词归类 (一)表示时间的介词及介词短语 in, at, on, before, after, till, since, for, from...to, until, by, in the middle of, at the beginning of, at the end of, at half past five, at night, in a week, in the morning, in class, at sunrise, in spring/summer/autumn/winter, on Sunday, on Saturday afternoon, on a winter evening, for a long time, for two months, after school, since liberation, before lunch, at the time of, at the age of (二)表示地点的介词及介词短语 in. at, into, to, on, beside, before, behind, above, under, outside, inside, up, from, far from, near, across, off, down, among, past, between, out of, around, in the front of, in the middle of, at the back of, at the foot of, at home, at the gate, at the table, in the sky. on the ground, in a tree, in the south, in the sun, in the bed, on one's way home, by the side of (三)其他各类介词 表除去,如 besides, but, except 等.
第十一章动词的语态(思维导图+知识梳理+好题精炼)2022-2023初中英语中考语法归纳
第十一章动词的语态思维导图知识梳理一、语态概述英语动词除了有时态之外,还有语态,表示主语和谓语的不同关系.如果主语是动作的执行者,谓语动词用主动语态;如果主语是动作的对象,谓语动词则用被动语态.动作的执行者用“by”引导的短语表示,但往往被省略;动作的对象则充当了被动语态句中的主语.汉语中常用“挨”“被”“受”等词来表示这个意思.The boy broke the window.那个男孩把玻璃窗打碎了.(主动语态)The window was broken by the boy.这扇玻璃窗被那个男孩打碎了.(被动语态)They watched the children sing that morning.那天早上他们看着孩子们唱歌.(主动语态)The children were watched to sing that morning.那天早上,孩子们被观看唱歌.(被动语态)二、被动语态的构成“助动词be+(及物动词的)过去分词”构成动词被动语态的形式.助动词be有人称、数和时态的变化,其变化规则与be作为系动词的变化完全一样.现以动词ask为例,列表如下:方式(一)一般现在时This kind of TV set is made in Guangzhou.这种电视是广州制造的.Chinese is spoken by the largest number of people in the world.汉语是世界上最多人讲的语言.(二)一般过去时The thief was arrested.小偷被抓住了.These pictures were taken on the Great Wall.这些照片是在长城拍摄的.(三)一般将来时Your watch will be repaired.你的表将会被修理好.The class meeting will be held next Saturday afternoon.班会下周六下午召开.(四)现在进行时A new road is being built outside my house.我们家门口正在修一条新路.The watch is being repaired.这只表正在修理.(五)过去进行时The bridge was being repaired when we passed it.我们过桥时,桥正在修.While the supper was being prepared,the light suddenly went out.正在做晚饭时,电灯突然灭了.(六)过去将来时They decided that invitations would not be sent out unless they were carefully checked.他们决定除非经过仔细校对,否则请柬不会发送出去.(七)现在完成时Your wallet has been found.你的钱夹已经找到了.Enough has been said here of this question.关于这个问题,这里已经谈得不少了.(八)过去完成时By1972a cooperative medical system had been set up in this area.到1972年这个地区已建立了合作医疗制度.When the anthem had been played,the Congress began.奏完国歌后,大会开始.四、被动语态的用法(一)不知道谁是动作的执行者,用被动语态My watch was stolen.我的手表被窃了.This jacket is made of cotton.这件夹克是棉制的.Her son was killed in World War II.她的儿子在第二次世界大战中战死.(二)没有必要或不想指出谁是动作的执行者,用被动语态The children have been very well looked after.孩子们得到很好的照顾.A big building has been put up in my home town.我家乡已经建起一座大楼.Many thousands of trees must be planted every year.每年必须种很多树.This hat was made in China.这顶帽子是中国制作的.The bicycles must not be put here.这儿不准放车.(三)强调或突出动作的承受者时,用被动语态The letter was posted.信发了.She was asked to sing a song.她被要求唱支歌.He cannot be relied on.他不可靠.A liar is looked down upon.说谎的人被人看不起.(四)出于礼貌措辞等原因不愿说出动作的执行者Anyone who sees the lion is asked to telephone the zoo and the police.有谁看见这只狮子,请给动物园和警方打电话.You are wished to do it more carefully.希望你认真一点做.(五)为使句子结构简练、紧凑,上下连贯,也即出于行文的需要When he was still a young man,he was forced to leave his home land for political reasons.他年轻时,就由于政治原因被迫离开了祖国.Lenin often talked to his comrades and was always listened to attentively.列宁经常和同志们谈话,同志们总是留心听他说.(六)在文章标题、广告、新闻等中常用省略助动词be的被动语态Telephone call placed.(TCP)电话接通了.(省略了has been)Girls Wanted.招女工.(广告用语,省略了are)Road Blocked.道路堵塞.(新闻报道,省略了is)五、含有情态动词的被动语态情态动词的被动语态,其结构是:情态动词＋be+过去分词.Young trees cannot be cut down.小树不可以砍伐.The exercises must be done in class.练习必须在课堂上做.This dictionary must be taken good care of.这本词典必须保管好.The time in class must be made good use of.上课的时间必须好好地利用.六、主动形式表示被动意(一)某些由及物动词转化来的不及物动词read,write,clean,wash,iron,burn,draw,cook,keep,cut,open,blow,peel,sell,act等,常和副词well,easily, smoothly等连用,且通常用主动结构表示被动含义.The pen writes well.这支笔很好写.(二)动词need,require,want,deserve,be worth后接v.-ing的主动结构常表被动含义This film is really worth seeing.这部电影的确值得看.The car needs cleaning.这辆汽车需要清扫了.(三)有些动词如:cook,print,do等,常用主动结构的进行时表被动含义The lunch is cooking.午饭正在烧.(四)某些系动词如feel,prove,smell,taste,sound等加上形容词,也可用主动语态表示被动意义.如:The food tastes delicious.这食物味道很美.七、主动语态变为被动语态的方法把主动语态的结构变为被动语态结构时,要做如下的变动:(一)主动结构的宾语变为被动结构的主语(二)主动结构的谓语动词由主动语态变为被动语态结构的谓语动词(be+动词的过去分词)(三)主动结构的主语变为介词“by”的宾语,组成介词短语,放在被动结构中谓语动词之后.若动作的执行者无须说明或不必强调时,by组成的短语就可以省略(四)主动语态变被动语态时,时态要保持一致(五)含有直接宾语和间接宾语的主动结构,变为被动结构时,可以将其中一个宾语变为被动语态的主语,另一个不动.一般是将主动结构的间接宾语变为被动结构的主语,这样句子显得自然一些Books and newspapers in the reading room mustn't be taken away.阅览室的书和报纸都不能带走.This kind of bike is not made in our factory.这种自行车不是我们厂生产的.This picture can't have been drawn by him.这张画不可能是他画的.When was that book published?那本书是什么时候出版的?Shall we be asked to attend the opening ceremony?会邀请我们参加开幕式吗?点拨(1)带双宾语的谓语动词变为被动语态时,既可以将间接宾语转化成主语,也可以将直接宾语转化成主语.若将间接宾语转化成主语,则保留直接宾语;若将直接宾语转化成主语,则保留间接宾语,且在被保留的间接宾语前加上介词to或for.常见的能接双宾语(直接宾语和间接宾语)的词有:give,show,bring,lend,send(送,寄)等,这些词与介词to 搭配.还有buy,make,draw(画画)等,这些词与介词for搭配.We gave them some books.我们给了他们一些书.They were given some books.(变间接宾语为主语)Some books were given(to)them.(变直接宾语为主语)(2)含有宾语补足语的句子,宾语变为主语后,宾语补足语改为主语补足语,原来的位置一般不变.但如果宾语补足语是不带to的动词不定式,句子变成被动语态后则要加to,以便将两个动词隔开.We keep food cold in the fridge.=→Food is kept cold in the fridge.我们用电冰箱保鲜食品.Every day the tiger makes one of the smaller animals bring him something to eat.＝→Every day one of the smaller animals was made to bring the tiger something to eat.老虎每天强迫一个小动物给他带吃的东西来.(3)短语动词的被动语态短语动词在主动结构中是一个不可分割的词组,在被动结构中也是如此,不可丢掉后面的介词或副词.The nurse takes good care of the children.阿姨很好地照顾小孩.The children are taken good care of by the nurse.孩子们受到保姆很好的照顾.八、系表结构和被动语态的区别(一)系表结构通常只用于一般现在时或一般过去时,而被动结构可用于多种时态(二)系表结构中的过去分词常常有其固定的介词搭配,被动结构则没有(三)系表结构中的过去分词可被very等副词修饰;被动结构中的过去分词可用much修饰.比较:The husband was very agitated about his wife's health.丈夫为他妻子的健康状况深感不安.(系表结构)Milk,meat,eggs and vegetables are produced in the farm.这个农场盛产牛奶、肉,鸡蛋和各种蔬菜.(被动结构)They were asked to speak at the meeting.他们被邀请在会议上讲话.(被动结构)He was puzzled about it.他为那件事感到困惑.(系表结构)九、不能使用被动语态的情况(一)某些表示状态的及物动词作谓语时常见的表示状态的及物动词有have(有),fit(适合),suit(适合),hold(容纳),cost(花费)等.The room can hold100people.这个房间能容纳100人.(二)宾语是反身代词或相互代词、表示地点或处所的名词时,不可用于被动语态在黑暗中我们几乎看不到对方.We could hardly see each other in the dark.(✓)Each other could hardly be seen in the dark.(x)(三)宾语是不定式短语或动名词时汤姆喜欢听音乐.Tom enjoys listening to music.(✓)Listening to music is enjoyed by Tom.(x)好题精练一、将下列句子变为被动语态1.Everybody respects the brave old man.____________________________________________________________________________________________ 2.We elected Comrade Li head of our workshop.____________________________________________________________________________________________ 3.She can translate the difficult sentence into English.____________________________________________________________________________________________ 4.We are turning China into a powerful industrial country.____________________________________________________________________________________________ 5.They asked her to tell a story.____________________________________________________________________________________________答案:1.The brave old man is respected by everybody.rade Li was elected head of our workshop(by us).3.The difficult sentence can be translated into English by her.4.China is being turned into a powerful industrial country(by us).5.She was asked to tell a story.二、将下列句子变成主动语态1.We were told an interesting story by our teacher yesterday afternoon.____________________________________________________________________________________________ 2.A kite is being made(by us)now.____________________________________________________________________________________________ 3.What was said by you at the meeting?____________________________________________________________________________________________ 4.Our homework must be finished first.____________________________________________________________________________________________ 5.A hole should be dug for the young tree.____________________________________________________________________________________________ 6.Will the trees be watered every day?____________________________________________________________________________________________答案:1.Our teacher told us an interesting story yesterday afternoon.2.We are making a kite now.3.What did you say at the meeting?4.We must finish our homework first.5.We should dig a hole for the young tree.6.Shall we water the trees every day?三、选择填空1.The lost boy_________this early morning.A.foundB.was foundC.is foundD.are found2.That factory_________in1970.A.builtB.was builtC.is builtD.were built3.This medicine_________before dinner.A.should have tookB.ought have takenC.should have been eatenD.should have been taken4.When the speaker entered the hall,all the listeners_________.A.had seatedB.were seatedC.seatedD.were seating5.Many trees_________in spring every year.A.plantB.plantedC.are plantedD.be planted6.The People's Republic of China_________on Oct.1,1949.A.was foundingB.was foundedC.was foundD.finded7.Our classroom_________every day.A.cleansB.be cleanedC.cleanedD.is cleaned8.A radio_________in everyday life.eB.is usedC.are usedD.was used9.Children in China_________since1949.A.are taken good careB.have taken care ofC.took good care ofD.have been taken good care of10.The patient is well_________.A.took care ofB.taken care ofC.taken careD.take care of11.The room was_________smoke.A.filled withB.filledC.fill withD.is filled with12.His new book_________next month.A.will be publishedB.is publishingC.is being publishedD.has been published13.The sun_________at night as usual.A.can be seenB.can't be seenC.can't seeD.doesn't see14.A strange sound_________last night.A.was heardB.hearsC.heardD.is heard15.The door_________.Better have it repaired.A.isn't shutB.hasn't been shutC.isn't be shutD.won't shut答案:1-5BBDBC6-10BDBDB11-15AABAD四、翻译下列句子1.应该在春天种树.____________________________________________________________________________________________ 2.我的家乡将要建造许多大楼.____________________________________________________________________________________________ 3.教室必须每天清扫.____________________________________________________________________________________________ 4.这种书是为儿童写的.____________________________________________________________________________________________ 5.来信收到.____________________________________________________________________________________________ 6.这件外衣是棉的还是羊毛的?____________________________________________________________________________________________ 7.你的收音机三天内可以修好.8.黑板上的那匹马不可能是林涛画的.____________________________________________________________________________________________答案:1.Trees should be planted in spring.2.Many buildings will be built in my home town.3.The classroom must be cleaned every day.4.Such books are written for children.5.Your letter has been received.6.Is this coat made of cotton or wool?7.Your radio can be mended within three days.8.The hore on the blackboard can't be drawn by Lin Tao.。
中考英语高频考点语法攻略思维导图连词
连词从属连词并列连词连词分类when 当…时 The students were talking when the teacher came in.while 当…时 I was doing my homework while my father was watching TV. after 在…之后 I’ll go to play football after I finish my homework.before 在…之前 Please turn off the light before you leave the room.till,until 直到…为止 I’ll wait till/until he arrives. 不到…不 She won’t get home till/until it gets dark.as soon as一…就 I’ll call you as soon as I get to Beijing.since 自从… He has lived here since 1980.if 如果 We’ll go for a picnic if it doesn’t rain.unless除非，如果不 They will have a picnic unless it rains next Sunday.because 因为He didn’t come because he was ill.since 既然Since we have got ready for it, let’s set off.as因为As I’m not at home, please leave a message.so that 以便于 He got up early so that he could get there in time.in order that为了He works hard in order that he can go to a good college.so…that 如此…以至于… The box is so heavy that we can’t carry it.such…that如此…以至于…It is such a heavy box that nobody can move it away.though/although 虽然He would be happy though he should have to live alone.He often helps others although he is not rich.as 像…一样 Do as you like.as…as… 和…一样He ran as fast as Mike.not as…as 不及…It isn’t as easy as you think.than 比… She jumped higher than Rose.并列关系转折关系选择关系（1） and 可以用来连接两个或两个以上的单词、短语或句子，表示一种顺接的关系。
中考英语语法思维导图名词
名词万物之名称分类用法专有名词一般名词作主语作表语大写首字母人名个体名词可作宾语作宾补地名集体名词作定语国籍整单，成员复只用单数某些抽象事物物质名词不只用复数月份星期节日抽象名词不sports书电影诗歌名见机而作称呼用语man/woman单复数可数名词不可以数名既名数也词不可以数名可直接放数后不穿鞋就戴帽可变复数帽鞋：复数a/an/the/sb直接+s s/x/ch/sh+es不可以直接放数后不可以变复数前不 a/an 后不 s s结尾不可以数名词辅 +y→f/fe →i+es v+eshero,potato,to不规则mato+es 其余+sman→men woman→womenchild →childre tooth →teethnfoot →feet goose→geesemouse→mice sheep→sheepdeer→deer fish →fish/es所有格意思是“的”’s/ ’of of+sb ’ s从前往后“的”从后往前“的”时间、距离、国家、所有格后边跟的地 a friend of my城市等词点经常省略father ’s five minutes ’go to the a friend ofwalk doctor ’s mine所有格修饰的词，若各有共有问题前已提过，可省判断空后名词的单复数共有 (A+B)’s各有A’s+B’s表达量可数名词两种均可不可以数名词接复数数字接可复 / 不可以muchmany,several等于一接单数some, any a great dealofa few, few大于一接复数plenty of a bit of f/fe →v+es hundreds of, a lot of, lots s,x,ch,sh+esa number of ofone of帽 a/an/th sb ’s e名词中考点所有格表达量近七年河北中考名词真题再现2012 年 30. I ’d like a ________ for dessert. Fruit, you know, is good forhealth.A. potatoB. bananaC. candyD. pie名词课后作业得分： ________1. There are many ________ in our school.(2010年石家隆重点中学摸底联考)A. woman teachersB. women teacherC. womans teachersD. women teachers2.________ is coming. The zoos and parks will be free for kids on that day.(2010年石家庄市模拟 )A. Teachers' DayB. Women's DayC. Mother ’s DayD. Children's Day3. ________ fathers always made them do what they are not ________ .(2010裕华区模拟 )A. Peter and Ann’s; interestedB. Peter's and Ann's; interested inC. Peter ’s and Ann ’s interestingD. Peter and Ann’s, interesting4.Advertisements give us ________ about products, such as their prices and uses. (2010年唐山路北四模 )A. informationB. newsC. wordsD. pictures5.-How is Joy's skirt (2010年唐山路南二模 )-Her skirt is more beautiful than ________.A. her sister's and KateB. her sister and KateC. her sister and Kate'sD. her sister's and Kate's6. Are you happy to have the ________ summer holiday (2010年唐山路南一模 )A. two monthsB. two monthC. two months'D．two month's7.The problems are too difficult for me. Please give ________ me. (2010年石家庄桥东摸底 )A. some advicesB. an adviceC. advicesD. some advice8.Mary's skirt is the same as her ________ .(2010年石家庄 23中模拟 )A. sistersB. brotherC. sister'sD. brothers9.________ bikes are put in front of the building. (2010年衡水模拟 )A. Lucy's and Lily'sB. Lucy and Lily'sC. Lucy and LilyD. Lucy's and Lily10.________ is an interesting subject. (2010年张家口模拟二 )A. HomeworkB. ScienceC. KnowledgeD. Experience11.September 10th is the ________.(2010年张家口一模 )A. Teacher DayB. Teachers DayC. Teachers'DayD. Teacher's Day12.Is there enough ________ for me to sit here with you (2010年石家庄 28中二模 )A. roomB. houseC. roomsD. place13.The ________ look very nice! Where did you get them (2010年石家庄 28中一模 )A. breadB. chickenC. orangeD. sheep14.They will have a ________ journey in Shanghai to watch the Expo(世博会 ) ． (2010 年邯郸二模 )A. ten days ’B. ten-dayC. ten day'sD. ten days15.The new bookshelf is like it very much. (2010年邯郸一模 )A. Kate's and Mary'sB. Kate's and MaryC. Kate and Mary'sD. Kate and Mary16.-What a great ________ that I can take part in this summer camp! (2010年唐山路北三模 )-I'm sure you will enjoy it.A. surpriseB. jobC. pityD. pleasure17.My father felt a little tired after ________ ride. (2010年唐山路北三模 )A. two hour'sB. two-hour'sC. two- hours ’D. two hours'18.I'd like ________. I'm thirsty. What about you (2011年石家庄 27中四段 )A. two bottles of orangesB. two bottles of orangeC. two bottle of orangesD. two bottle oforange19.(2011 年唐山路北二模 ) I don't think looking after children is just ________ work.A. woman 'B. Woman'sC. women D women's20.I am thirsty. Would you bring me ________, please (2011年唐山路北二模 )A. some breadB. some tea 'C. some cakesD. some eggs21.-Please give me a ________ when you arrive. (2011年石家庄裕华基摸 )-OK. I will tell you everything as soon as I get there.A. presentB. handC. callD. Ride22.My aunt has a beautiful garden with many ________ in it. (2011年唐山路北一模 )A. flowersB. waterC. grassD. class .23.-What's in the cupboard (2011年唐山路北一模 )-A few ________, but little ________.A. apple ;coffeeB. coffee ;applesC. apples ;coffeeD. coffee; apple24.Look! The kites in the sky are in different ________. Some are big and some are small. (2011年石家庄43中模拟 )A. sizesB. colorsC. sizeD. color25.-Will you please show me the way to the ________ shop (2011年张家口一模 )- Sorry, I'm new here.A. shoeB. shoesC. shoe'sD. shoes'26.We made it a ________ to read English half an hour every morning. (2011年张家口一模 )A. behaviorB. ruleC. secretD. wish27.It is ________ from my home to school.（2011年石家庄 9中模拟）A. 20 minute walkB. 20 minutes' walkC. 20 minute's walkD. 20-minutes walk28.I'd like ________. I'm thirsty. What about you( 2011年石家庄 27中四阶段 )A. two bottles of orangesB. two bottles of orangeC. two bottle of orangesD. two bottle of orange29.They want to have some ________ for lunch, so they decided to catch ________ now. (2011年石家庄 28中二模 )A. fish; manyB. fishes; muchC. fish; muchD. fishes; many30.Can you give me ________ about improving listening skills (2011年石家庄 42中一模 )A. an adviceB. any adviceC. any adviceD. some advice31.The clothes on the shelf are ________. Please ask them to get them back. (2011年唐山路南二模 )A. Jim and TimB. Jim's and Tim'sC. Jim's and TimD. Jim and Tim's32.- What’s wrong with that boy ( 2011年唐山路北三模 )-He ________ by a car just now.A. was hitB. hitC. lessonsD. answers33.If you work hard, you'll get good ________. (2011年唐山路北三模 )A. gradesB. notesC. lessonsD. answers34.Are you happy to have the ________ summer holiday (2011年唐山路南一模 )A. two monthsB. two monthC. two months ’D. two month's35.You have just missed your ________, and you will have to wait for the next round. (2012年石家庄 28中模拟 )A. chanceB. timeC. partD. turn36.After playing football for more than half an hour, the students took ________ rest. (2012年石家庄 28中质检 )A. a few minute ’sB. a few minutes ’C. few minutes ’D. few minute’s37.Mrs. Black is a friend of ________. (2012年石家庄 40中某模 )A. Mary's mother'sB. Mary's motherC. mother's of MaryD. Mary mother's38.- I ’m going to the market, let me get some fruits for you. (2012年石家庄40中某模 )- Thank you for your ________.A. offerB. informationC. messageD. exhibition39.Jim didn't tell his parents he was going back home. He wanted to give them a ________.(2012年保定二模 )A. giftB. surprise C note D call40.-I'm sorry I went out for a smoke. I was very tired. (2012年石家庄 2中一模 )-There's no ________ for this while you are at work.A. causeB. excuseC. matterD. choice41.This is ________ football. Why not ask them if you need it (2012年邯郸二模 )A. Tom and HelenB. Tom’s and HelenC. Tom and Helen ’sD. Tom’s and Helen ’s42.-I hear you run for half an hour at school every day. (2012年邯郸二模 )-Right, we have to. It is one of the ________ in our school.A. rulesB. hobbiesC. choicesD. plans43.I couldn't see clearly, so my father bought ________ for me last week. (2012年邯郸一模 )A. a pair of glassesB. a glassesC. a glassD. a pair of glass44.If you work hard, you will get good ________. (2012年石家庄 18县模拟 )A. gradesB. notesC. checksD. answers45.My father will take ________ to Sanya for the winter holiday next year. (2012年石家庄 18县模拟 )A. Jim and IB. I and JimC. Jim and meD. me and Jim46.Mr. White would like to talk to ________ fathers before the meeting. (2012年石家庄质检 )A. Tom and Kevin'sB. Tom's and KevinC. Tom and KevinD. Tom's and Kevin ’s47.-1 want to have a ________ with you about this problem. (2012年唐山路北二模 )-Sure.A. breakB. talkC. messageD. lesson48.It's getting warmer and warmer, and ________ are turning green. (2012年唐山路南二模 )A. tree leafB. trees leafsC. trees leavesD. tree leaves49.________ mothers both work in the same hospital. (2012年邢台二模 )A. Tim and Peter'sB. Tim's and PeterC. Tim's and Peter'sD. Tim and Peter50.-Mrs. Zhang was sent to teach English in a poor mountain village last year. (2012年石家庄裕华区二模 )- She said she would never forget some pleasant ________ while working there.A. experimentsB. expressionsC. experiencesD. emotions51.Mary's skirt is the same as her ________. (2012年张家口一模 )A. sisterB. brotherC. sister'sD. brothers52.-Hurry up, Jack! (2012年张家口一模 )-Just give me five more minutes to put my desk in ________.A. timeB. lineC. orderD. shape53.The policeman caught hold of ________ by his arms and took him away. (2012年石家庄长安摸底 )A. thiefB. a thiefC. thievesD. the thief54.- I want to improve my English. Could you please give me some good ________, Li Hua (2012年保定一模 )- OK. You'd better spend some time reading it aloud every morning.A. education B information C advice D. direction55.The girls over there are hanging out ________ for selling houses. (2012年石家庄 43中模拟 )A. websitesB. licensesC. advertisementsD. information56.Can you imagine what life will be like in ________ time (2012年石家庄基能议论 )years years''57.Could you lend me your ________ I want to take some photos. (2012年石家庄桥东模拟 )A. watchB. radioC. cameraD. telephone58.-Would you like some ________ (2012年石家庄桥东基摸 )- No, thank you. I ’m not hungry at all.A. waterB. booksC. clothesD. bread59.-Good news. We will have a ________ holiday. (2012年石家庄 28中质检 )-I've heard of it. But it's coming in ________.A. three days, three days' timeB. three days', three days'C. three-day, three daysD. three days, three-day time60.-Could you tell me something about the boy who helped you just now (2012年石家庄市一模 )-Sorry, I know nothing about him. We are ________.A. friendsB. neighborsC. classmatesD. strangers。
中考英语 语法思维导图之三 宾语从句 人教新目标版
作宾语的句子叫宾从
可以作动词，介词或某些形容词 的宾语
语序
.时态
引导词
引导词后用陈述语序
主现从不限
that+陈述句
（主+谓:人在动词前）
主过从相应过
whether/if+一般疑问句
真理：真不讲理只用现在时
特殊疑问词+特殊疑问句
注意事项
（1）that 可省略 *be+形容词+that 宾从
（2）只用 whether,不用 if：①+主从②+表从③介词后 ④+to do ⑤+让步状从 ⑥discuss 后 ⑦wonder / not sure 后 ⑧含义易混时⑨+or not
（3）宾从省略式：特殊疑问词+不定式 what to do 与 how to do it （4）在 think, believe 等引导的宾从中，如果否定的是后面的从句，要否定前移
5）作宾从语序不变的情况： What’s wrong with ...? Which is the way to the...? What is happening over there?
What’s the matter with...? What is the most useful invention in the world? Who is standing over th
中考英语高频考点语法攻略思维导图动词语态
4.含有情态动词的句子变被动语态 其结构为“情态动词+be（或be的适当时态形式）+过去分词”。
2.带双宾语的谓语动词变为被动语态： 既可将间接宾语转化成主语，也可将直接宾语转化成主语。 若将间接宾语转化成主语，则保留直接宾语； 若将直接宾语转化成主语，则保留间接宾语，且在间接宾语前 加上介词to或for。 如： She gave me a book.
→I was given a book by her.（间接宾语me变为主语） →A book was given to me by her.（直接宾语a book变为主语）
注意：短语动词是一个不可分割的整体，在变为被动语态时， 不能丢掉构成短语动词的介词或副词。
主动语态 与被动语态 转换
动 词 语 态
被动语态 用法
被动语态 注意事项
1.强调动作的承受者 These children were well tended by neighbors. 这些孩子是由邻居精心照料的。
Your hair wants cutting. 你的头发该理了。
2.不能使用被动语态的情况 （1）主动句的宾语是相互代词each other或反身代词时，不能用被动语态。
They help each other study English.（主动语态） 他们相互帮助学习。 Each other is helped to study English.（误） （2）当主动句的谓语动词是表状态的及物动词时，不能用于被动语态。 We will have a meeting.（主动语态） 我们打算开一个会。 A meeting will be had by us.（误） （3）主动句的宾语是不定式或动名词时，不能作被动语态中的主语。 My brother enjoys watching TV.（主动语态） 我弟弟喜欢看电视。 Watching TV is enjoyed by my brother.（误） （4）宾语是谓语动词的同源宾语时，不可用于被动语态。 They live a happy life. 他们过着幸福的生活。 A happy life is lived by them.（误） （5）宾语带有与主语有照应关系的物主代词时，不可用于被动语态。 The girl shook her（=the girl's）head.（主动语态） 那个女孩摇了摇头。 The girl's head was shaken by herself.（误）
23张思维导图,搞定初中英语全部语法(可打印)
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中考英语语法思维导图1冠词.doc
冠词知识虚词，不独用，仅附名词前 , 即“帽”不定冠词定冠词零冠词“一个”“这那个这那些”不用冠词判断名词是否可单辅音前读 [ e? ] 在某些专有 /抽象 / 元音前用 an 否则用 a 元音前读 [ e?] 物质在表示类别泛指，表“一个”特指，表“这个那表类别 the+单数在表示类别复数但概念比 one 弱个这些那些”不译为“这那”名词前表类别 a+可单指谈话双方都知再次提到上文提在季节、月份、星不译为“一”道的人或事物到过的人或事物期、三餐前表示单位，相当用在世界上独一用在序数词和最高级前称呼语或表示头于“每”的意思无二的事物前of the two 时比较级前衔，职务的词前用于序数词前，用在江河湖海群在姓氏复数前，学科和球类运动表“又一，再一”岛山脉的名称前表夫妇或全家的名称前用于某此固定词用在 play+the+ the+adj.表一类名词前有代词或组中： a lot of 等乐器结构中人，被视为复数所有格时“世仇”of在习惯说法中 :in 在某些固定词组the morning 等中 :at night,by bus解题步骤先句意后语法固定 / 习惯用语零冠词现象一个这个那个可数带定语“的”an+元音a+辅音有无冠词区别hour/honest UFO/European in(the) front ofAa Ee Ff Hh Ii Ll Mmin(the) hospitalNn Oo Rr Ss Xx不可数冠词中考点元音开头之 an定冠词the习惯用语 a特指 ( 带定语 ) 之 the play+the+ 乐器近七年河北中考冠词真题再现(2006 年) 26.There is ________apple tree in my garden. It’s over 10.A.theB.aC.anD.不填(2007 年)26. ________woman in a purple skirt is Betty’s mother.A.TheB.AC.AnD.不填(2008 年)21.My father is________engineer. He works very hard.A. aB. anC. theD.不填(2009 年)26. I really like ________book you lent me yesterday.A.aB. anC. theD.不填(2010 年)26. Cindy is ________amazing singer. She has lots of fans.A.aB.anC.theD.不填(2011 年)26. She learned to play________piano all by herself.A.aB.anC.theD.不填(2012 年 )26. The children stood in ________ circle and danced to music.A. aB. anC. theD. 不填中考仿题练习1.There is_________orange tree in front of my house. It's over 6 years old.A. theB. aC. anD.不填2.________ man in a blue shirt is Jim’fathers.A.AB. AnC. TheD. 不填3.My friend sent me _________E-mail last night.A. aB. anC. theD. 不填4.I don't like __________ car I bought yesterday.A. aB. anC. theD. 不填5.Kiki is ______ ugly dog. I don't like it.A. aB. anC. theD. 不填6.She learned to play_____ violin all by herself.A. aB. anC. theD.不填7.The man in white is __________ university teacher.A. aB. anC. theD. 不填冠词课后作业得分： ________1. Could you please tell me where I can get ________ dictionary?(2010 年石家庄市桥西摸底)A. aB. anC. theD. /2. This is ________ useful and interesting game, though it is kind of difficult.(10 年石市毕业班调研检测 )A. aB. anC. theD. 不填3. Where is ________ dictionary? I can't find it.(10 年石市重点中学摸底大联考)A. aB. anC.theD. /4. ________ earth is our only home now.(2010 年石家庄市初中毕业班模拟考试)A. AB. AnC. The D．不填5. ________India and China are of ________ same continent.(2010 裕华区模拟测试 )A. An, aB. An, theC. /, aD. /, the6. This is ________ story I've told you. Isn't it interesting one? (10 年第 42 中学二模 )A. a; theB. The; anC. the; aD. the; the7. Planting apple trees is ________ interesting work, don ’ t you think so? (10 42 中学一模年拟第 )A. aB. anC. theD. /8. Who is ________ young man with long hair? (2010 年唐山路北四模 )A. aB. an C the D ．/9. A spaceship flies at about eleven kilometers ________ second ． (2010 年唐山路北一模 )A.不填B. theC. aD. an10. Over the river there is ________ 11-meter-long wooden bridge. (2010 年唐山路南二模 )A. aB. anC. theD. 不填11. -Is ________ English-Chinese dictionary on the desk yours? (2010 年唐山路南三模 )-No, I don't have ________ English-Chinese dictionary. I use an English-English dictionary.A. an; anB. an; theC. the; anD. the; the12. He is ________ university student and he comes from ________ island in England. (2010 年唐山路南一模 )A. an; anB. an; aC. a; anD. a; a13. My mother bought me ________ useful dictionary yesterday. (2010 年石家庄桥东摸底 )A. anB. aC. theD. 不填14. -Who's ________ young man with long hair? (2010 年石家庄 23 中模拟 )- He is a friend of mine.A. aB. theC. anD. /15. What ________ useful invention it is! (2010 年石家庄 28 中三检 )A. aB. an C．the D./16. Leo is ________ unusual boy. He always has some special ideas. (2010 年石家庄 28 中质检 )A. aB. anC. theD. 不填17. My mother often tells me to be ________ honest student. (2010 年衡水模拟 )A. anB. aC. theD. /18. My mother tells me to be ________ honest child. (2010 年邢台模拟 )A. aB. anC. theD. ／实用标准文案19. Have you had ________ breakfast yet? (2010 年张家口二模 )A. aB. anC. theD. 不填20. China is ________ old country with ________ long history. (2010 年张家口一模 )A. an, aB. a, anC. an, theD. the, a21. ________ sun rises in ________ east. (2010 河北三模 )A. An; aB. The; an C．The;/ D ．The; the22. We are going to have ________ supper with ________ Greens tomorrow evening. (2010 年石家庄9中模拟 )A. a; theB. the; theC.／; ／D. /; the23. We stayed at a nice hotel in Shanghai. But I can ’ t remembnam e r of it.(2010 年石家庄市 28 中二模 )A. aB. anC. theD. ／24. I hope we can fly to ________ moon one day. (2010 年石家庄 28 中一模 )A. aB. anC. theD. /25. -Excuse me. Is there a hospital near here? (2010 年邯郸二模 )-Yes. It's over there, next to ________ book store.A. aB. anC. theD. /26. __ strong man named Oven was an unusual person when he was ___ university student.(2010 年邯郸一模 )A. A; aB. The; aC. A; anD. The; an27. -Careless me! I dropped ________ “ m” again in “ swimmer (2010”.年唐山路北三模 )-Be careful next time ．A. aB. anC. theD. /28. This is ____ useful dictionary for ____ university student majoring in English. (2011 年石家庄基础摸底 )A. a, anB. an, aC. a, aD. an, an29. Look! ________ sun is shining brightly. (2011 年石家庄 27 中四段 )A. AB. AnC. TheD. 不填30. I want to go to Paris where l can1earn ________ French language. (2011 年张家口二模 )A. aB. anC. theD. /31. At that time Tom was ________ one -year-old baby. (2011 年张家口二模 )A. aB. anC. theD. /32. Leo is ________ unusual boy. He always has some special ideas. (2011 年石家庄 28 中质检 )A. aB. anC. theD. 不填33. ________ Smiths were watching TV when the telephone rang.(2011 年石家庄裕华基摸)A. AB. AnC. TheD. /34. - How was ________ dinner at Mike's house ? (2011 年唐山路北一模 )- It was great. Mike's mum is ________ wonderful cook.A. a; theB. the; aC. the; theD. a; a35. I saw a woman came into the shop with ________ 8-year-old boy just now . (2011 年石家庄 43中模拟 )A. aB. anC. TheD. /36. What ________ useful book it is! (2011 年张家口一模 )A. aB. anC. theD. 不填实用标准文案37. That's _____ man l will interview next week. He is a famous _____ lawyer. (2011年石家庄市9中模拟 )A. aB. anC. theD. /38. Look! ________ sun is shining brightly. （ 2011 年石家庄 27 中四阶段）A. AB. AnC. TheD. 不填39. This is ________ song I've told you about. Isn't it ________ wonderful one? (2011 年石家庄 28 中二模)A. the; aB. the; theC. a; aD. a; the40. There is ____ “ u ” in the word "cup" and there is ____ “ s ” in the word “ soup". (2011 年石家庄 42 中一模 )A. a; aB. an; a C．an; an D. a; an41. - What do you think of ________ book? (2011 年唐山路南二模 )-It's not as interesting as I thought it was.A. aB. anC. theD. /42. Don't talk to Simon like that. He is just ________ eleven-year-old boy.( 2011 年唐山路北三模 )A. aB. anC. theD. /43. What ________ exciting news it is! Is ________ news true? (2011 年唐山路南一模 )A. an; theB. an; aC. /;theD. /;a44. My brother is _____ honest boy, and he is studying in _____ university. (2012 年石家庄 43 中模拟)A. an; anB. a; aC. an; aD. a; an45. My sister likes playing ____ volleyball while my brother likes playing ____ piano. (2012 年40 中师大附中 )A. the; theB. a ; aC. the; /D. / ; the46. -Excuse me, sir. Which cup is yours? (2012 年石家庄 40 中押题卷 )- ________ small one.A. /B. AC. AnD. The47. Tracy bought ________ useful book. ________ book is also very cheap. (2012 年石家庄基能评价 )A. an, TheB. a, TheC. an, AD. a, A48. Last Sunday, I bought ________ MP3 for my friend. (2012 年石家庄桥东模拟)A. theB. aC. anD. /49. There is ________ “ f ” in the word “ French ” . (2012 年)石家庄桥东基摸A. aB. theC. anD. /50. It's not ________ good idea to drive for four hours without ________ break. (2012 年石家庄 28 中质检 )A. a, aB. a, theC. the, aD. the, the51. We usually go to ____ school on weekdays, and go to ____ cinema on weekends.(2012 年石家庄市一模 )A. /, theB. the/ theC. the, /D./,/52. This is ________ story I've told you. Isn't it interesting one? (2010 年第 42 中学二模 )A. a; theB. The; anC. the; aD. the; the53. Planting apple trees is ________ interesting work, don ’ t you think so?2010( 年第 42 中学一模拟)A. aB. anC. theD. /实用标准文案54.In order to make it clear, I will go up to __second floor to ask my mom __second time. (2012年28 中模拟 )A. the; aB. the; the C a; the D. the;/55. It is well- known that Yao Ming is ________ energetic player. (2012 年石家庄 28 中质检 )A. aB. anC. theD. /56. It is ________ useful book. I borrowed it from ________ school library.(2012 年石家庄 40 中某模 )A. an; aB. a; anC. a; theD. an; the57. Cathy learned to play ________ piano at the age of 3. (2012 年保定二模 )A. a B an C the D 不填58. More and more foreign students come to China to learn ________ Chinese. (2012 年石家庄 2 中一模 )A. aB. anC. theD. /59. I like music, but I don ’ t like music of the film. (2012 年邯郸二模 )A. aB. anC. theD. 不填60. It ’s________ usual present, but it is really unusual for me. (2012 年邯郸一模 )A. aB. anC. theD. /61. At that time he was only ________ one-year-old baby. (2012 年石家庄 18 县模拟 )A. aB. anC. theD. /62. My classmate Liu Wei is ________ honest boy, so we all like him. (2012 年石家庄质检 )A. aB. anC. theD. /63. Do you like ________ iPhone4 I bought for you last week? (2012 年唐山路北二模 )A. aB. anC. theD. /64. Do you have ________ internet bar around your school? (2012 年唐山路南二模 )A. aB. anC. theD. /65. I know ________ woman who is in red. She's Danny's mother.(2012 年石家庄新华质检 )A. aB. anC. theD. 不填66. Mary said she had never seen ________ UFO before. (2012 年邢台二模 )A. anB. aC. theD. /67. Look, Simon, ________ Mp5 that I bought last year isn ’ t working properly. (2012 年石家庄裕华区二模 )A. aB. anC. theD. 不填68. Alice is wearing ________ orange jacket today. (2012 年张家口一模 )A. aB. anC. theD. 不填69. Is ________ old lady in red your grandmother? (2012 年石家庄长安摸底)A. anB. /C. aD. the70. I think it will be ________ exciting game. I won't miss it. (2012 年保定一模 )A. aB. an C the D. 不填。
第三章冠词(思维导图+知识梳理+好题精炼)2022-2023初中英语中考语法归纳
3.用在表示阶级、党派的名词前
the working class 工人阶级
the Chinese Communist Party 中国共产党
4.对前面已提到过的人或事物,第二次提到时加定冠词,用以表示特指
I found a picture in the box. The picture was very beautiful.在箱子里发现一张画.这张画非常漂亮.
(二)定冠词的用法
1.特指某个/些人或事物,或指谈话双方都知道的人或事物
Shut the door, please.请关上门.
Give me the pencil.把那支铅笔给我.
2.用在主要由普通名词构成的专有名词前
the People's Daily《人民日报》
the People's Republic of China 中华人民共和国
Once there lived a lion in a forest. Every day the lion went about to look for food.
从前在一片森林里有一只狮子,它每天到处寻找食物.
5.在海洋、江河、湖泊、山脉、群岛、海峡、海湾等地理名词前加定冠词
the Pacific(Ocean)太平洋 the Red Sea 红海 the Thames 泰晤士河
第三章 冠词 思维导图
知识梳理
一、冠词的分类
冠词是加在名词前面的一种辅助词,帮助说明这个名词的含义,在句子中不能单独充当句子成分,是一种
虚词.
冠词分为定冠词 the 和不定冠词 a, an 两种.其不用冠词的情况也称零冠词.
(一)不定冠词
不定冠词有 a 和 an 两种形式.a 用在以辅音开头的词前,an 用在以元音开头的词前.判断一个词是以元音