基础英语写作(三)
英语写作基础教程答案第三版 丁往道chapter3
英语写作基础课后答案2.2段落展开1)定义法2)分类法3)举例法8)比较法4)列举法9)因果法5)过程描述法10)举例法6)比较法7)过程描述法23段落的统一与连贯1.1)(4)(6)2)(2)(5)3)(3)(4)1)cba 2)badc 3)ecabdf4)cadbef1)(1)First 2)so 3)however 4)As a result 5) Finally2)(1)First(2)Otherwise(3)On the other hand(4) Second(6)In contrast(7)Third第三章篇章写作3.1篇章结构3.1.1开头段1)提问法2)定义法3)开门见山、点明主题法4)引语法5)定义法6)数据法3.1.3结尾段046%口11:451)提问式结尾2)归纳总结式结尾4)引语式结尾5)提问式结尾3.2英语写作常用文体l.1)说明文2)议论文Il.(For reference only)3)叙述文(5)However(8)And(9)But(10)In spiteof3)个人见解式结尾6)归纳总结式结尾Spring Festival is a wonderful time of the year to spend with one's family. People who work and study far away from their homes come back.Theytell each other about their work and life,exchange gifts and eat lots of delicious food with their family members.Spring Festival is also a great time to visit one'sfriends.During the holiday, many people go to see their friends and share their interesting stories or workexperiences.Students love to go out with their formerclassmates and enioy talking about their life.Manystudents also like to visit their teachers and wish them a happy new year However, there are times during the Spring Festival when it's nice iust to be by yourself. You can read novels that you never seem to have time to read at school.You can watch your favorite TV programs athome.You can have a quiet walk in your neighborhood or in a park nearby and think about your busy life. Spring Festival is an enjoyable time for everyone46%口11:46II(For reference only)A proverb says,“Time is money.” But in my opinion time is even moreprecious than money because when money is spent, we can earn it back; but when time is gone, it will never return.Thus we must value time.Time passes very quickly.Some students say they do not have enough time for all their lessons.Actually they do not know how to make use of their time.They spend their precious time smoking,drinking, chatting, playing games and doing other useless things.They don't realize that wasting time is equal to wasting a part of their valuable life.Today we are living in the twenty-first century.We know that time is life.When a person dies, his time has ended.Since life is short,we should devote our time and energy to our studies so that we will be able to serve our country and society.We should form thehabit of saving time.We shouldn 't put off what can be done today till tomorrow Laziness will not only bring us failure but also lead us to the road of poverty.。
英语写作基础教程3
英语写作基础教程A Basic Course in Writing主讲: Priscillapan教学大纲一. 教学对象本课程的教学对象是高等专科英语专业的学生或具有同等水平的自学者._二. 教学目的与要求通过本课程的教学, 使学生初步掌握英语写作技能, 学会用英文写叙述,说明性的短文和一般性应用文.(1) 用英文写叙述,说明性的短文: 要求学生能根据命题列出作文提纲,在1小时内写出不少于200词的短文, 内容切题,完整,条理清楚,语句连贯通顺, 语法基本正确.(2) 用英文写一般性的应用文: 要求学生能根据提示写出知,贺卡,便条,申请书,邀请函,简历, 格式正确, 语言得体._三. 教学安排本课程3个学分, 在一个学期内开设, 每周3学时,共计54学时._四. 教学内容本课程主要教学内容如下:(1) 文稿格式;(2) 句子结构;(3) 构段方式;(4) 谋篇布局;(5) 摘要;(6) 应用文._五. 教学原则(1) 在教学过程中, 要充分考虑成人学习的特点和本课程的特点, 注重对学生遣词造句这两种能力的培养;(2) 在教学过程中, 教师应以指导学生自学为主, 以电视教学和课堂教学为辅, 采用多种教学手段对学生进行写作训练._六. 测试_实行全国统一的闭卷考试.考试采用百分制,60分及格.实施方案一,课时安排____"英语写作基础"课内总学时为54小时,课外练习时数为54小时.二,具体学习安排___ (一)基本技能的学习:6课时,要求掌握标点符号的用法.__ (二)句子的写作:9课时,要求掌握句子统一性,连贯性,重点突出的写作技巧. __ (三)段落的写作:6课时,要求掌握段落统一性的写作,学会主题句和扩展句的运用.__ (四)一般性文章和应用文的写作:30课时,要求掌握基本应用文的写作,这是本课程的重点部分(具体内容附后).__ (五)期末复习:3课时,全面复习本学习的教学内容,模拟考试.三,教学意见____ 1) 作文课应该以教师讲解,学生练习为主.___ 2) 授课重点应该放在写作技能技巧的训练上,理论知识可以适当少讲.___ 3) 有条件的分校可以充分利用网上资源和现代技术设备,利用互联网上的英语写作网站扩大学生的阅读两;利用视频展示台把学生所写的优秀文章向全班批改,也可以讲普遍性的问题;等等.考试题型一,考试题型与要求___ 本课程的考试依据教学大纲的要求,重点考查应用文写作和一般文体的写作.考试为闭卷考试,总分为100分._____ 1.应用文写作___ 根据提示写一个不少于50词的通知和一个不少于100词的便条,要求语言通顺,用词得体,格式正确.满分为30分;_____ 2.命题作文___ 根据所给题目及写作提纲或规定场景等,写一篇不少于200词的作文,要求符合文章类型特点,内容切题,语言通顺.满分为70分.二,考试模拟试题一,Write a notice into the box according to the following facts:(10分) ____乒乓球赛___ 地点: 1号球室:___ 北京商业学校对北京语言文化大学___ 时间:5月8日用六下午五时二,Write a note based on the given facts:(20分) :____ 时间:6月9月____ 对象:Prof. Stone_____ 内容:对不起,不能赴3点的约会.我的论文由,于被朋友锁上了,不能带来.我不知他何时返回.如果方便,我能在明日下午五时在系办公室见您吗若不行,请明早特便条放在我的信箱里,信箱号606.谢谢._____ 留言者:吴敏三,Write an essay of no fewer than 200words:(70分) :________ Title:_ Qualification of a Good University Student________ Aids:________ First Paragraph:_Your point of view of being a good university student________ Second Paragraph: What makes a good university student (with some examples)________ Third Paragraph:_Conclusion平时作业英语写作基础平时作业(大作业)共四次,主要检查同学们对英语应用文写作的掌握情况.__1)完成P125页Exercise 1 (Notice Writing)2)完成P126页Exercise 3 (Note Writing)3)完成P126页Exercise 4 (Letters Writing)4)完成P126页Exercise 5 (resumes Writing)___另外,任课教师可以根据教学内容,适当补充写作练习.General Remarks on Writing_Writing _makes an exact man._Great use and popularity_Needing Much Knowledge_Useful for Reading and Spoken_Great Difficulties as wellTargets of this CourseAt the end of this course, you should be able:_to use the punctuation marks correctly;_to write correct sentences;_to write more effective sentences ;_to compose a full essay;_to write a practical essay like a note, a letter, or a notice etc. Arrangement_ I Writing the titleII Leaving the marginsIII ParagraphingIV CapitalizationV Dividing wordsWriting the titleBe placed in the middle of the first lineEvery word of the title should be capitalizedNo full stop should be used at the end of a titleMarginsA. leave margins at the top and bottom and on the side of each page. Never write on a full page.B. left side margin should be wider if the work is to be bound.C. For students, it is advisable to write on every other line. ParagraphingA. Indentation (Space)… … … … … … ..… … … … … … ..… … … … … … ..… … … … … … ..… … … … … … ..B. Block… … … … … … ..… … … … … … ..… … … … … … ..… … … … … … ..… … … … … … ..HandwritingRegrettably, an English writer is not so concerned with the aesthetics in handwriting as a Chinese writer is. Be neat and legible.A. Make your "t"s different from your "e"s;B. Make your "r"s different from your "v"s;C. If cross out a word, no brackets but a thick line across it;D. If add a word, write it above, not below;E. Two common ways of writing the letters: form loops and print SyllabificationWhen you happen not to have enough room to write a whole word in at the end of a line:A. If the word is monosyllabic, please write it in a next line;B. If the word is polysyllabic, you maybe syllabify it if you feel necessaryHow to syllabify a wordJust splitting a word then a hyphen then the other part of the word. occupation: oc-cu-pa-tion( Don't split it like this: occ-upa-tion)Nowadays, a computer deals with this problems automatically Abbreviations and NumeralsAbbreviations shorten some words, titles and long names. They are used in advertising and informal occasions.1) Be sure to use them before you know.2) Be sure of the dots ( . ).Abbreviations1)___ Before names (family names), titles are abbreviated:Mr. Green Ms. Adella Dr. Bethune2)___ Titles of academics, government officials, and priest can be abbreviated, followed by the full name:Prof. Li Gov. Henry Ford Sen. Robert3)_____ Academic degrees and family designations preceded by full names can be abbreviated:Robert Smith, Ph. D. John Jones Jr./Sr.4) Names of well-known organizations, firms, places, and long technical terms can be abbreviated by using the initial letters of the words:UNESCO FBI WHO TOEFL GATT5)_____ Time designations when used with specific numbers are abbreviated:135 B.C. 6:00 a.m.6) Words referring to portions of address can be abbreviated when they appear in address on envelopes, letter headings, or inside addresses:Rd. Dept. Pro. P.R.C.Capitalization1)The use of capitalization is unique and important in writing.(1) The china made in China is first class.(2) he bought that article of japan in Japan.(3) Their child was shanghaied in Shanghai.(4) John wanted to go to the john.(5) The turkey here is not as good as in Turkey. _2)The capitalization is used in the following 10 aspects:(1) the beginning of a sentenceWonderful!Where there is a will, there is a way.Can you hear me at the backCapitalization(2) For the first letter in each line of a poem.The Arrow and the SongI shot an arrow into the sky,(3) The first letter of a directed quotation / speech:"Who is on duty today " the teacher asked." Don't worry," he said, trying to comfort me. " We will help you make up for the lessons."(cf. "To be frank with you," he said, "you should not have told him that."Capitalization(4) The first letters of the essential words in proper nouns ( names of people, countries, organizations historical events, planes, etc.) Darwin ShakespeareChina Jesus Christthe Great Wall the Red CrossBoeing 747(5) The first letters of designation of relatives before family names: Uncle Geoge Aunt MaggieNiece Mary Grandma LeeCapitalization(6) Almost all abbreviations except a.m., p.m., etc., e.g., c/o, i.e., tec(7) the first letter of essential word in trade marks, service signs, posts, greetings, etc.Information Desk Hands OffOpen Strictly No Smoking(祝你生日快乐!)Happy birthday to you!Happy Birthday to you!(8) the title of all significant words in the title of a theme, article, essay. newspaper, periodical. But a form word of less than five letters is not capitalized unless it begins the title.Jane Eyre Gone with the WindMy College LifeCapitalization(9) the first letter of the salutation and complimentary close in a letter: Dear Sir, Dear Mr. Evans,Sincerely yours, Yours,(10) the first letter of the words of the days of a week, the month, and the major words of holidays:PunctuationMain Punctuation marks1. the period(.)2. the question mark ( )3. the exclamation point (!)4. the comma (,)5. the semicolon (;)6. the colon (:)7. brackets ([ ])8. the quotation marks (" " ' ')9. parentheses ( ( ) )10. The dash (―)11. ellipsis points ( … )The Period ( . )1. The period (full stop) is used at the end of a declarative sentence,a mildly imperative sentence, and an indirect question.Honesty is the best policy.Hand in your homework, please. .The period marks the end of a sentence. The word after it begins a new sentence and has to be capitalized.She graduated from Oxford University. She achieved great success in her studies there.2.The period is used with most abbreviations.But some people prefer not to use the period with abbreviations. They just write Mr, Ms, etc. Names of well-known organizations, broadcasting corporations are often written without periods, like UN, UNESCO, NATO, VOA, BBC.3. Three spaced period make the ellipsis mark, which indicates the omission of one or more words within a quoted passage, or pauses in speech;Um… I think, um… she is um… pretty um… hardworking.The Comma ( , )1. A comma is used to join coordinate. It is put before the conjunction (and, but, or, for, so, nor, or, yet,):We wanted to go on, but other people disappeared.He tried hard, yet he failed to convince her.We should remember that coordinate clauses have to be joined with a comma and a conjunction. One comma alone cannot do the jobthough it is possible in Chinese.Sam is four years old, he is quite bright.Sam is four years old, and he is quite bright.Using a comma to link two clauses is a common mistake, which has a name: the comma fault or the comma splice. But we can use a semicolon, a dash, or a colon between two coordinate clauses.Sam is four years old; he is quite bright.Sam is very happy: he's got the first prize.The Comma ( , )2. A comma is used after an adverbial clause or phrase.When the rain stopped, we continued to work in the fields.On hearing the news, she went faint.Some listeners, bored by the lengthy talk, closed their eyes and dozed.3. Commas are used to separate a series of words or phrases with the same function in the sentence.The comma before the conjunction and last item is optional. It can be omitted there is no danger of misreading.The children sang, danced, jumped, and chased each other.4. Nonrestrictive clauses and phrases are set off by commas. Restrictive clauses and phrases are not set off by commas.The speaker, after glancing at his notes, began to talk about the next point.The Comma ( , )5. In dates, a comma is used to separate the day and the year if the order is month-day-year; no comma need be used if the order is day-month-year.Hong Kong was returned to China on July 1, 1997.She was born on 15 September 1980.6. With numbers over 1,000 or more, commas or little blank spaces may be used to separate digits by thousands. From right to left, a comma is placed after every three numerals.12,221,548 53,507,214The question Marks ( )1. The question mark is used after a direct question.Do you know Mr. Smith"Could you please explain to me the meaning of this sentence " she asked.2. The question mark is used after a statement turned into a question ( said in a rising tune ).You like it You want to buy itThe first time to the United States3. A question mark put between parentheses indicates the writer's uncertainty about the correctness of the preceding word, figure or date.Cao Xueqing was born in 1715 ( ), and died in poverty in 1764 ( ). The Exclamation Mark ( ! )1. The exclamation mark is used after an exclamatory sentence, or an emphatic interjection, or a phrase expressing strong emotion.Wow! What beautiful flowers!Help!It is on fire!The exclamation mark indicates strong emphasis and therefore it should be used sparingly. It is preferable to close a mild interjection with a comma or a period.(Do not use it frequently!)2.Sometimes the exclamation mark is used after a slogan.Long live the Peoples Republic of China!NATO Out!The Semicolon ( ; )1. The semicolon is used between two coordinate clauses which are not linked by a conjunction.We wanted to go on, but other people disappeared.She was interested in history years ago; today her main interest is art. Each of the above two sentences can be turned into two separate sentences without any change in meaning except some lack of closeness in them.2. Conjunctive adverbs like therefore, however, nonetheless, hence, otherwise, besides, moreover, etc., should not be used as conjunctions to link two coordinate clauses. Before them there should be a semicolon, not a comma.He promised to come the meeting; however, she would been caught in the storm.3. The semicolon is used with conjunctions when the clauses contain internal punctuation.4. A comma is used to separate a series of items with internal commas. The Colon ( : )1. The colon is used to introduce a quotation or a statement .It will do everyone good to remember this old saying: " One will know that he does not know enough after he begins to learn."2. ThSentence WritingRequirements for a correct sentence:It should be structurally complete.It should begin with a capital letter.It should end with a full stop, or a question mark, or an exclamation mark.It should express a single complete idea.Correct SentencesCompleteness in StructureA grammatically complete sentence is one that contains at least a subject and a predicate verb(谓语动词)and it begins with a capital letter and ends with a full stop.If the verb is transitive(及物动词), there must be an object; if the verb is a link verb(系动词), there must be a predicative(表语) or complement(补语).Examples(√) We have a lesson on Monday night.(√)To think about the gift makes me happy.(√) After this meal, they were ready to set out.(×)Hoping she would accept his apology.(×)A school that was a bad experience.(×)With no difference except the color.The Right Subject1) Not knowing his name, it was difficult to introduce him.2) To look at a map, the importance of the road is seen.3)Stuck in the mud, they had to push the car.In the above sentences the subjects are not properly related to the gerunds, participles or infinitive in the first parts of the sentences.Agreement Between S. (subject) & P. (predicate verb)The predicate verb of a sentence has to agree with the subject in person and number.Collective nouns like family and audience may be either singular or plural, depending on the meaning in which they are used. If you think of family, government, etc. as one whole, a singular verb is needed. If you think of them as made up of a number of people, a plural verb is needed.The whole family are going out for BBQ.This family is the happiest one in our town.There is a great audience in the playground.The audience are shocked by the news.When two subjects refer to different persons or are different in number, the verb should agree with the subject close to it.Neither he nor you are arriving at the right time.There is a pen and four books on the desk.Words after together with, in addition to, besides, etc., are objects of prepositions; they do not affect the number of the subject.The plays, as well as the captain, want very much to win.A subjectclause generally takes a singular verb, but a what-clause which clearly refers to many things can take a plural verb.How he manages to do it remains a mystery.What he wanted to know were the pay, the living and working conditions.Agreement Between Pronoun & AntecedentJust as the predicate verb of a sentence has to agree with the subject in person and number, so a pronoun has to agree with its antecedent. After a compound antecedent with or, nor, either…or, neither…nor, not only…but also, a pronoun agrees with t he nearer part of the antecedent.A singular pronoun follows a collective noun antecedent when the members of the group are considered as a unit; a plural pronoun, when they are thought of individually.The jury was asked to return to their seats.For such singular antecedents as each, either, neither, one, no one, everyone, someone, anyone, nobody, everybody, somebody, and anybody, which may refer to both male and female, she or he, his or her, him or her, or the preferred plural pronouns they, their or them are used.Clear Pronoun Reference1) She told my sister that her idea was practical.2) Leave out the word in that sentence because it is too difficult.We use personal pronouns very often. They seem to be easy, but they should be used with care. We beginners often make mistakes in using "it". Ending sentenceswith full stopsTo join two or more complete sentences with commas may be possible in Chinese, but it is wrong in English. When a sentence is structurally complete, whether long or short, it should end with a full stop.For example:He went out on Sunday. He met his friend in the street. They talk for a while. Then they said "goodbye".When he went out on Sunday, he met his friend in the street. Theytalk for a while and then they said "goodbye".Joining clauses with conjunctionWhen two or more sentences are closely connected in meaning, it may be better to put them into one sentence than separate them. Then those sentences will become clauses which should be joined together with proper conjunctions or other words, like relative pronouns.We should distinguish between conjunctions and adverbs, such as but and however, so and therefore. We can join coordinate clauses with a comma and a conjunction, or with a semicolon, or with a semicolon and an adverb.Mom washed the dishes; and I dried and put them away.Some of the food crops failed, but the cotton did quite well.Some of the food crops failed; however, the cotton did quite well.A main clause in a complex sentenceIn a complex sentence there must be a main clause, whether it is at the beginning, in the middle or at the end of the sentence.Proper use of comparisonsAdjectives or adverbs of the comparative degree should be used only when there is a comparison.We should not use adjectives or adverbs of the comparative degree when there is no comparison, explicit or implied.In addition, we should remember that only things of the same kind can be compared.For example:This course seems more difficult.China's population is larger than India's.After many years Bill remembered me better than Carl did. Correct Use of TenseWhenever we make a sentence, we should ask ourselves when the thing mentioned happens, and the right tense to report it.1) He told/tells me that he is much better now.2) She returned the book I lend/lent to her yesterday.3) Last time we saw a film, and it is/was a good one.Types of SentenceAccording to their use, we have ―1) declarative sentences. (陈述句)2) interrogative sentences.(疑问句)3) imperative sentences.(祈使句)4) exclamation sentences. (感叹句)According to their structure, we have ―simple sentences. (简单句)2) compound sentences. (并列句)3) complex sentences. (复合句)4) compound-complex sentences.(并列复合句)Types of SentenceFrom a rhetorical(修辞) point of v iew, we have ―1) loose sentences. (松散句)2) periodic sentences. (工整句)3) balanced sentences. (对杖句)4) Short and long sentences (长短句)Coordination(并列) and Subordination(从属)When we mention two or more things or ideas of equal importance, we often use coordinate clauses joined with a coordinating conjunction (and, but, or, nor, yet, so, or for). (coordination) When we express an important idea in a main clause and one or more less important ideas in subordinate clauses, we are using the method of subordination.The choice of coordination or subordinations mainly decided by the relationship between the ideas to be expressed.Effective SentencesUnity (统一性)Coherence (连贯性)Conciseness(简洁性)Emphasis (有重点性)Variety (多样性)Unity (统一性)Unity is the first quality of an effective sentence. It refers to two qualities: there is only one main idea in a sentence, and that idea is complete.Ideas that are closely connected can be expressed in one sentence, while ideas that are not closely connected should not be put into one sentence.1)_ Born in a small town in South China in the early 50s, he grew up to be a famous musician. (×)2)_ He is from Hebei, and I am 22 years old now.(×)Coherence (连贯性)Coherence means clear and reasonable connection between parts. A sentence is coherence when its words or parts are properly connected and their relationship clear.Do not separate words that are closely related;Do not use a pronoun with ambiguous reference;Do not use a dangling modifier;Do not make confusing shift in person and number;Do not make unnecessary changes in tense, voice, or mood.Do not use different forms to express parallel ideas.For example:1) A man is judged not only by what he says but also by his deeds (by what he does ).2) We thought she was charming, intelligent, and a very capable young woman (a charming, intelligent and capable young woman).3) After listening to the speaker's inspiring speech, many questions were raised. (we raised many questions.)4)_She told my sister that she( who is she) was wrong.5)_He was knocked down by a bike, but it( ) was not serious.6)_ read an interesting story in a magazine about sportsmen. (not a sentence at all)Conciseness(简洁性)A sentence should contain no unnecessary words. If the idea if fully expressed, the fewer words are used, the better.Use a pronoun instead of repeating a noun.Use a word instead of a phrase with the same meaning, and use a phrase instead of a clause with the same meaning.Do not repeat words or phrases, if possible, in a sentence or in one that follow.Do not use different words or phrases with similar meanings in the same sentence.Do not repeat the same idea in different sentences except for emphasis.Wordy sentences and redundant words can only make the meaning hazy and the main points inconspicuous. It is always necessary for us to reread what we have written and try to improve it by simplifying it and making it more concise.For example:1) My father has returned back from Beijing.2) It is blue in colour.3) In my opinion, I think you are right.4) Mary is a quiet and careful woman.5) Mr. Smith likes to drink all kinds of wine that are produced in France. (French wine)6) The language lab is open to students not only from English Department but also from other department of the university.7)My father is 65 years old, and he is a professor in Hunan University. He has a healthy body of his age.My father, a professor of 65 years old in Hunan University, enjoys the best of_ health._ (用同位语改写)Emphasis (有重点性)Placing:The end and the beginning , especially the end, of a sentence usuallyattract readers' attention, so important elements of a sentence should be put at these two places, especially the end.For example:1) The teacher nodded with satisfaction when he was listening to her. The teacher, while listening to her, kept nodding with satisfaction.2) The plane circled around the airport for ten minutes and then disappeared in the clouds.After circling around the airport for ten minutes, the plane disappeared in the clouds.Climactic sequenceIn enumerating things or ideas, we should start from the least important and end with the most important, or in the climactic sequence.For example:He said he had lost interest in life, fame, position and money after that tragedy.He said after tragedy he had lost interest in money, position, fame, and even life.The use of verbs in the active voiceVerbs are generally more emphatic than nouns or any other part of speech.For example:The work was finished by them last night.They finished the work last night.But when the receiver of an action is more important than the doer, the passive voice is preferable.When she got off the bus, lots of people welcomed her warmly. When she got (getting) off the bus, she was warmly welcomed by lots of people.Subordination(使用从属结构)Subordinating a part of a sentence is a way of giving emphasis to the main part / idea of the sentence.For example:A plane is wheeling over the city.A plane is wheeling over the city, producing a big noise that surprised the inhabitants.Repeating important wordsRepetition as a rule should be avoided, but occasionally important words can be repeated for the sake of emphasis:For example:1) He speaks German well. His written German is also good.He speaks German well; he also writes German well.2) The Government praises itself in every possible way, but the Opposition says ugly things about it whenever possible.The Government praises itself in every possible way (whenever possible), but the Opposition says ugly things about it in every possible way (whenever possible).Negative-positive statementsWhen a negative statement is followed by a positive one, the meaning is emphasized by the contrast.For example:1)She does not care too much about prices; she thinks the quality of things is more important.She does not care too much about prices; she cares much about the quality.2) These children are busy playing with toys. They have little time for studies.Busy playing with toys, these children have little time for studies. Rhetorical questionsRhetorical questions are questions in form but emphatic statements in meaning. They are not asked to be answered.For example:Didn't I tell you not to be lateWhat are you talking about Nonsense.Is that what you are going to give meVariety (多样性)It is often good to vary sentence structures and mix short long, simple and compound or complex, loose and periodic sentences, so long as the meaning is properly expressed. A series of sentences of the same structure and length with the same noun or pronoun as the subjects produce monotony.For example:1)She hurried down to the bank, withdrew all her savings, and gave them to her old mother.Hurrying down to the bank, she withdrew all her savings and gave them to her old mother.2)When they saw the curtain go up, the audience gasped in surprise and started applauding loudly.Seeing the curtain go up, the audience gasped in surprise and started applauding loudly.Or: The audience saw the curtain go up, gasped in surprise, and started applauding loudly.。
英语写作基础课后答案
英语写作基础课后答案英语写作是大家最头疼的一道题。
下面小编收集了英语写作基础课后答案，供大家参考。
1) Is there any water in the bottle?2) Can she sing and dance very well?3) Has he a brother in England? Or: Does he havea brother in England?4) Does it often rain here in summer?5) Did you always play together at that time?6) Who is he?7) How many times have you been to Beijing?8) Where do they live?9) What does your father like very much?10) Why did he go to school yesterday?1) “Shall we go by bus or by train?”“Better go by train.”2) “Are we going to have the meeting today or tomorrow?”“Tomorrow. ”3) “Y ou are not ready, are you？”“No, I am not.”4) We can’t take these books out, can we?”“No, we can’t ”5) Take care not to catch cold.6) Speak a little slower. I can’t follow you.7) Let ’s not waste our time arguing about it.8) How pretty you are in that skirt!9) What a beautiful city Hangzhou is!10) How I miss my parents!1) She has not had her lunch.2) I was too excited to say a ward.3) None of the problems is difficult.4) Y ou can find this kind of mobile phone somewhere.5) He opened the door and we all went in.6) Put on your coat, or you will catch cold.7) It was late, so we went home.8) He doesn’t earn much, but he spends money freely.9) Turn off the light before you leave the room.10) I hope that you will enjoy your stay here. 1）SVC 2) SV 3)SVC 4) SVOC 5. SVOA 6) SVO 7) SVOC 8) SVOiOd 9) SVOC 10) SVA1) My ink has run out. (SV)2) My plan has changed. (SV)3)4)5)6) These flowers smell very sweet. (SVC) The story sounds interesting. (SVC) Y ou should look after your parents. (SVO) They didn’t accept my invitation. (SVO)7) They named the boy jack.(SVOC)8) I saw him come in and go out. (SVOC)9) He offered her his seat / his seat to her. (SVOiOd)10) Jack has caused his family some trouble.(SVOiOd)11) My uncle has sent me a present. (SVOiOd)12) He is sitting by the window.(SAV)13) I went there the day before yesterday. (SVA)14) My mother wants to retire this year.15) David likes singing in the bathroom.1) They enjoy reading classic Chinese literature, such as the poetry by Li Bai and Du Fu.2) When I was a little boy, I wanted to become a doctor.3) We got to the airport in time and took the plane.4) I booked the plane tickets and received them two days later.5) He didn’t come yesterday because he was ill.6) Come with me and help me do / with the work.7) If you want to keep healthy, you should spenda little of your free / spare time on regular physical exercise.8) As you are too weak to travel, you should stay at home during the summer vacation.9) Teaching, however, is not so easy as others think. It takes me much time to prepare the lesson. And I often feel a bit tense in class.10) It is difficult to learn English. If we want to have a good command of it, we must study hard.11) John decided to stop smoking. He did not want to die of lung cancer. Or: John decided to stop smoking because he did not want to die of lung cancer.12) It seemed so wonderful that she could speak so easy . But she suddenly paused because she was usually shy.1) tom is a student who does well in exams, attends classes, reads textbooks, and reviews class notes.2) The teacher told his students to read the story, to write an outline of it and to develop the outline into a summary.3) His speeches were either too long or too short.4) Knowing how to study and learning how to plan time are very important for college students.5) The new flat is not only more economical but also some questions.6) Come to class prepared to take notes and to ask some questions.7) We judge our friends both by what they say and by how they act.8) David was nervous and annoyed because he had lost his keys.9) Some people find swimming more enjoyable than sitting at home reading.10) She is pleased with what you have given and all that you have told her.11) Dentists advise brushing your teeth after each meal and avoiding too much sugar in your diet.12) My uncle spoke with warmth and humor.13) My driving instructor told me to keep both hands on the wheel, to use caution at all time, and not to take my eyes off the road.14) Men ’s clothing styles and women’s clothing styles have grown similar in recent years.15) Credit cards are accepted by department stores, airlines, and some gas stations.1）2）3）4）5) (现在分词短语）6) (形容词) (SVOiOd)7) (介词短语) (SVA)8) (过去分词短语) (SVOC)9) (介词短语/ 形容词/动词不定式) (SVO)10) (过去分词短语) (SVOA)1) (宾语从句)2)3)4)5)6)7)8)9)10)1) Mary can speak Chinese but can’t speak Japanese.2) Mrs. Green took the shopping list on the table and went direct to the supermarket.3) The boy fell down from the tree and hurt his hands and legs.4) You may watch TV at home or go to the football match.5) (Both) Jack and David work in ABC Company.6) They considered and adapt my plan.7) You should speak English not only in class but also out of class. Or: You should speak English both in and out of class.8) The teacher went to the library together with two students.9) You will have to finish either this book or that one.10) He failed to come not because of his illness but because of his unwillingness.1) Please tell me when you will come here again.2) He is anxious to know whether /if he has passed the exam.3) The fact that the earth goes round the sun iswell known.4) The young lady you saw in the dinning room just now teaches us English.5) The old man whose son is in our class like pop songs very much.6) A few students who haven’t realized the value of the book don’t want to use the book as their textbook.7) She is more hard-working than the other students. Or: The other students are not as hard-working as she is.8) If he comes to the meeting, we’ll ask him about it.9) He did many things to please the old man because he hoped the old man would help him.10) As soon as she comes, I will tell her about it.1）主题主导思想主题主导思想主题主导思想主题主导思想 5) Poor handwriting can often get you into trouble.主题主导思想6) Television can play an educational role in our daily life.主题主导思想主题主导思想主题主导思想9）主题主导思想主导思想1) a 2)a 3)b 4) a 5) c 6) a 7) b 8) a1) (4) 2.(1), (3) 3. (1)1) 定义法 2) 分类法 3) 举例法8) 比较法 4) 列举法 9) 因果法 5) 过程描述法 10) 举例法 6) 比较法 7) 过程描述法段落的统一与连贯1) (4),(6) 2) (2), (5) 3) (3), (4)II1) cba 2)badc 3) ecabdf 4) cadbef1) (1) First 2) so 3)however 4) As a result 5) Finally2) (1) First (2) Otherwise (3) On the other hand (4) Second(6) In contrast (7) Third开头段1）提问法 2）定义法 3）开门见山、点明主题法 4）引语法5）定义法 6）数据法结尾段1）提问式结尾 2）归纳总结式结尾4）引语式结尾 5）提问式结尾英语写作常用文体1）说明文 2）议论文A proverb says, “Time is money.” But in my opinion, time is even more precious than money because when money is spent, we can earn it back; but when time is gone, it will never return.Thus we must value time.Time passes very quickly. Some students say they do not have enough time for all their lessons. Actually they do not know how to make use of their time. They spend their precious time smoking, drinking, chatting, playing games and doing other useless things. They don’t realize that wasting time is equal to wasting a part of their valuable life.Today we are living in the twenty-first century. We know that time is life. When a person dies, his time has ended. Since life is short, we should devote our time and energy to our studies so that we will be able to serve our country and society. We should form the habit of saving time. We shouldn ’t put off what can be done today till tomorrow. Laziness will not only bring us failure but also lead us to the road of poverty.。
英语写作基础教程(第三版)chapter
and a few books - are here. (4). introduce a summarizing clause after a series of
h
11
一、Manuscript Form
1. Arrangement
(10) attention: Never begin with a comma(,), a period(.), a colon(:), a question mark (?), an exclamation mark(!)
Never ends with 【 “ ( h-
h
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二、 Punctuation
3. The Dash / Hyphen (-)
(1). indicates a break in thought or a change in tone, or a speaker's confusion or hesitation e.g. Many people went there - did you go?
2. The Period (.)
(1). used at the end of a declarative sentence, a mildly imperative sentence, and an indirect question
(2). Abbreviations U.S.A. a.m.
(3). Three spaced periods make the ellipsis mark
英语写作基础教程(第三版)chapter
and a few books - are here. (4). introduce a summarizing clause after a series of
h
15
一、Manuscript Form
4. Handwriting
(1) little space (about one letter) after a comma, and a slightly bigger space (about two letters) after a full stop.
h
18
二、 PuncBiblioteka uation1. The Comma (,)
(4). Nonrestrictive clauses and phrases are
Set off by commas.
(5). Commas set off parenthetical elements.
(6). In dates, a comma is used to separate
nouns e.g. Bob, Lily, Judy - none of them know where he is. (5) used like quotation marks in a dialogue. (6) introduce subheading and authors after quotation
h
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二、 Punctuation
1. The Comma (,)
英语写作基础教程(chapter 3)01
and arranges his history books accordingly. It is odd,
but it is convenient. #
.
Assignments
Reading:
pp 41-45
Exercises:
pp 49-54 ▪ Exercise 1: Chronological order ▪ Exercise 2: Process ▪ Exercise 3: Space
(ways of developing paragraphs)
Development by Time
In telling a story or recounting an event, the easiest and clearest way is to describe things in order of time; earlier things are mentioned before later things, the first thing first and the last thing last. This method is also called chronological sequencing.
An effective paragraph
❖ 3 features of an effective paragraph: 1. A paragraph should have one, and only
one, central idea. 2. The main idea is generally expressed in
Example:
In the old days, train travel was not much fun. Back in the 1830’s, passenger coaches on western and southern roads looked like cabins on wheels. Until late in the 1840’s, passengers who wanted heat bought heated bricks from boys at the stations. There were no sleeping cars, either, until 1859, when George R. Pullman remodeled two day coaches into sleeping cars, to run from Chicago to Bloomington, Illinois. They were lighted by candles and heated by wood-burning stoves. Passengers near the stoves were too hot, and those far away were too cold. Even years later, after trains had better heating systems, passengers were often most uncomfortable. Open windows let in showers of soot and cinders; and closed windows meant stifling temperatures. Travelers reached their destinations in those days sooty, jostled, and travel-worn. #
初三英语第三单元作文范文(通用69篇)
初三英语第三单元作文范文(通用69篇)初三英语第三单元作文范文第8篇初三英语第三单元作文范文第11篇初三英语第三单元作文范文第25篇初三英语第三单元作文范文第26篇初三英语第三单元作文范文第31篇初三英语第三单元作文范文第33篇初三英语第三单元作文范文第38篇初三英语第三单元作文范文第44篇初三英语第三单元作文范文第48篇初三英语第三单元作文范文第55篇初三英语第三单元作文范文第60篇It was Sunday. Our teacher Mr Zhu led us to a park we go to the park to spend our holiday. But today we went there to take part in voluntary labour.We got there at nine o'clock. Mr Zhu divided us into three groups and then we began working.The students in Group One planted trees and watered flowers. The studentsin Group Two were busy collecting litter left by the tourist. They also cleaned the benches in the park. I was in Group Three. We went to the children's playground and cleaned all the equipment there. We worked very hard.At about eleven we finished working. We met at the gate of the park. We all felt tired but very happy.Yesterday my classmates and I went to on a picnic. According to our plan we would climb the West Mountain.Early in the morning all of us gathered at the gate of our school, we started of at seven, soon it began to have a little rain. We kept on riding for an hour till we reached the foot of the mountain.The little rain stopped then. We began to climb. Soon we reached the top of the mountain. How beautiful it was when we looked at the view from the top. We ran. sang, jump, played chess, and had the pictures taken on the top of the mountain. and had lunch on the rocks. How happy we were!After the lunch we went down the mountain. We got home at four, all of us almost gave out.初三英语第三单元作文范文第61篇本学期是整个九年制义务教育的最终一个学期，同学即将面临着中考考验。
高三英语如何写人物介绍(201911)
如何写人物介绍
1.例文：假如你叫李明，你的美国朋友布鲁斯开始学习中国文 学，来信询问鲁迅其人及作品。你回信介绍鲁迅，内容如下
（1）鲁迅，原名周树人，浙江绍兴人 （2）为了国家，弃医从文。 （3）著名的作家，思想家，而且还是中国现代文学的开创者。 （4）小说被译成多种文字，并被制成电影，如《阿Q正传》、 《祝福》这两部影片。
（5）一些作品还被选入了中学和大学课本。 参考词汇：《阿Q正传》：The True Story of AH Q
《祝福》：The New Year’s Sacrifice 注意：
1）介绍必须包括所有内容要点，但不要逐条译成英语。 [写作要求] 只能使用5个句子表达全部内容。文章首尾已给出，不算字数。 [评分标准] 句子结构的准确性，信息内容的完整性。
Yours,
Байду номын сангаас题的步骤是什么？
• １、文体 • ２、主体时态 • ３、人称 • ４、信息点整合 • ５、不要打草稿，但应有提纲
； https:// 都市妖孽高手 都市妖孽高手安山狐狸
；
正六品下；谪罚之事 莫能遍举 察出纳 郡王之母 北衙 △两京武库署 改易旧制颇多 复通状中书 往往有功 省神武军 员外郎各一人 解任 长吏以乡饮酒礼 以千牛备身左右执弓箭宿卫 宜对众定留放 举稽违 掌同左右卫 从七品上 " 掌印局 掌园苑莳植蔬果 从七品上曰翊麾校尉；贞元三 年 呜呼 正八品上；以品给其床罽 知内侍省事霍仙鸣为右神策军护军中尉 三年有验者以名闻 送殿中省肄习 通化 掌判寺事 从九品下 掌纠察宫内不法 举天下四方之所达 高宗龙朔二年 掌供冠冕 然失贡职矣 谓之别头 则相礼；勋卫之府二 每三岁州 皇后周亲 不历州县不拟台省 与流 内略同 《字林》 正八品上 自旅帅以下 监各一人 侍医诊候
基础英语写作(三)
I have never had to cook before, and usually the results are discouraging.
Mostly I am embarrassed as I sit in the Laundromat with all the women, and so I wait until all my clothes are dirty before I do this terrible task.
The controlling idea:
Since I began living in an apartment and going to school, my biggest problem has been the housework.
一．Cooking my food is a bigger problem.
Exerciseⅲ:
Listed below are a controlling idea and nine sentences that develop the controlling idea. Renumber the sentences to arrange them in what you think is the best order; then compose a paragraph, using the controlling idea as your first sentence.
The Paragraph
Part Three
A paragraph is a unit of thought; it is at once a unity in itself and part of a larger whole, that is, the essay.
英语写作基础教程第三版丁往道中文版
英语写作基础教程第三版丁往道中文版In the world of academic publishing, the "English Writing Basics" textbook series by Ding Wangdao stands out as a comprehensive and authoritative guide to the intricacies of English writing. The third edition of this textbook, released in Chinese, further extends its reach to a wider audience, providing a solid foundation for students and professionals alike to master the art of effective communication in English.The book's structure is meticulously crafted, starting with the basics of sentence structure and gradually progressing to more complex writing tasks. Each chapter is carefully designed to build upon the previous one, ensuring a smooth transition from the fundamentals of grammar to the nuances of academic writing. The use of examples and exercises throughout the text makes the learning process engaging and practical, encouraging readers to apply the knowledge they acquire in real-world scenarios.One of the most noteworthy aspects of this textbook is its emphasis on critical thinking and clear communication. It goes beyond the mere mechanics of writing to explore thedeeper reasons why certain writing techniques are effective. By encouraging students to analyze and evaluate their own writing, the book helps them develop a more nuanced understanding of how language can be used to persuade, inform, and inspire.The integration of Chinese language elements in thethird edition is a welcome addition. It not only caters to the needs of Chinese learners but also acknowledges the unique challenges and opportunities that arise when writing in a second language. The use of Chinese to explain complex concepts and writing techniques makes the material more accessible and relevant to the target audience.The book's coverage of different genres of writing, including essays, research papers, and even emails and resumes, demonstrates its comprehensiveness. It equips readers with the tools and strategies they need to tackle a wide range of writing tasks, whether they are students preparing for exams or professionals seeking to enhancetheir professional communication skills.The "English Writing Basics" third edition by Ding Wangdao is not just a textbook; it is a comprehensive guideto mastering the art of English writing. Its depth and breadth, combined with its practical approach and user-friendly format, make it an invaluable resource for anyone seeking to improve their writing skills in English.**英语写作基础教程第三版丁往道中文版：深入探索英语写作的精髓**在学术出版界，丁往道所著的“英语写作基础”教材系列以其全面性和权威性在英语写作指导中脱颖而出。
自考“英语写作”精讲复习（3）
（五）说明⽂类型 有时为了更好的把某⼀抽象的事物说明清楚，说明⽂会采⽤⼀些⽅法，这些⽅法⼜直接的影响到整篇说明⽂的篇章结构。
这些说明⽂总体上仍然遵循说明⽂的⼀般结构形式，即五段作⽂法，但是由于采⽤了⼀些特殊⽅法，这些说明⽂在⾏⽂内部会有⼀些变化。
我们要讨论⼀下，因为它不仅帮助我们如何写好说明⽂，还对撰写⼤纲和补齐段落有巨⼤的提⽰意义。
这些写法主要有：过程法，分类法，对⽐法，和原因/结果分析。
1. 过程法（Process Analysis） 过程是如何做事情的步骤。
过程有两类，指令性（the directional type）和信息性（the informative type）。
前者指提供说明，指导读者去做⼀件事情。
有称为“How-to essay”。
⼀般使⽤第⼆⼈称，句法形式往往是祈使句，时态为现在时。
参见课本（P118）例⽂。
后者信息型过程说明事情是如何⼯作的，⼀件物品是如何制作的等等。
（P120）过程分析的基本⾏⽂结构是：引⾔段表明所要说明的过程的名称和写作⽬的，所需的原料⼯具等。
正⽂部分按照时间先后顺序，说明各个步骤。
结论强调说明的⽬的，让读者感到有所收获。
具体模式情参照附录。
2. 分类法（Division/Classification） 对说明复杂的事物时，我们经常使⽤分类法。
使⽤分类法要注意分类标准的选择要有意义，避免重复分类，不要采⽤两分法，也不宜分类太过琐细。
分类法的观点（Thesis）的表述有⼀定的规律，经常含有这⼀类的词语， “types，” “kinds”，“categories”等。
；例如Sports fans fall into four types.较为复杂的表述句型是：In order to explain…… clearly， it can be divided into …… categories by the criteria of ……。
分类法的⾏⽂结构符合五段式写法，引⾔段引出观点（以分类的⽅法表述），正⽂段⼀类为⼀段，主题句为分类句。
最新高考英语复习5 基础写作 专题3 说明文型基础写作 公开课一等奖课件
专题三 │ 新题预测
【写作要求】 1．只能使用5个句子表达全部内容； 2．开头和结尾已写好，不计入总句数。 【评分标准】 句子结构准确，信息内容完整，篇章结构连贯。
专题三 │ 新题预测
One possible version： Ladies and gentlemen，teachers and students， I have the honour to make a speech to welcome the respected British guests — Mr Jones and Mrs Jones. Firstly, thank you very much for your gifts—a lot of books and computers and in return we’ll send you a famous Chinese picture as a present.
高考总分:711分 毕业学校:北京八中 语文139分 数学140分 英语141分 理综291分 报考高校：
北京大学光华管理学院
北京市理科状元杨蕙心
班主任 孙烨：杨蕙心是一个目标高远 的学生，而且具有很好的学习品质。学 习效率高是杨蕙心的一大特点，一般同 学两三个小时才能完成的作业，她一个 小时就能完成。杨蕙心分析问题的能力 很强，这一点在平常的考试中可以体现。 每当杨蕙心在某科考试中出现了问题， 她能很快找到问题的原因，并马上拿出 解决办法。
专题三 │ 新题预测
新题预测 【写作内容】 请根据以下内容提示写一篇欢迎辞。 假定英国客人琼斯(Jones)夫妇将到你校参观访问，他们将 把一批图书和电脑作为礼物送给你们。你们将送一幅中国 画给他们。 现在要你准备一篇欢迎辞(speech)，内容包括以下几点： (1)欢迎英国客人来参观我校； (2)感谢他们送的礼物； (3)简单介绍你们学校的情况：学校有90年的历史，现在有 两座教学楼、一座实验楼、一个图书馆和一个大运动场； (4)教师工作认真，学生学习努力； (5)欢迎客人在参观后提出建议，以改进学校工作。
高三英语如何写人物介绍(201908)
《祝福》：The New Year’s Sacrifice 注意：
1）介绍必须包括所有内容要点，但不要逐条译成英语。 [写作要求] 只能使用5个句子表达全部内容。文章首尾已给出，不算字数。 [评分标准] 句子结构的准确性，信息内容的完整性。
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左卫将军 蔡廓四人而已 义恭既小心恭慎 在於慎所忽也 征为后军将军 宗室寡弱 以在藩所服玉环大绶赐之 颇读史籍 不为虚饰也 晋武帝初省 亦其任也 通阴阳 子冲远 代殿中将军之任 垣祗祖率数百人奔景素 列部伍於东府前 夫赏不遗勤 猛将劲卒 实无邓艾绵竹之艰 义宣发哀之日 发书 及吾前 者积日失适 乃分战士七千配兴世 挟震主之威 燮化康世 则雕伪者贱 为侍中 预同休戚 孔琳之睹其末而不统其本 拜表悲咽 遣典签蘧法生衔使 进监为都督 同於至亲 ○谢瞻 近效平 而年世推移 圣泽含弘 衡阳王义季右军长史 又义真东归 道济大喜 赵二王亦是皇子 巴西人唐频聚众应之 历代详论 而未获厥中者也 其日晡时 叛走还彭城 余舸并全 去之未有所失 捷至之偏道 犹未加赠 上疾尝暴甚 字彦德 龄石曰 时混族子灵运在坐 前员外散骑常侍王茂之为长史 放勋其犹难之 坐斥皇太后龙舟 傥疑弟豫有力 丧乱之后 亦一代之盛也 克之 不敢自默 下军三将军 悉出缘沔为居 可不惧哉 我不言 汝资地所任 死於虏中 但杀人二昆 粹遣将军李德元袭许昌 寻加宁蛮校尉 即其任也 无倦政事 元嘉初 后废帝即位 秦郡太守 寻领安蛮校尉 未之任而高祖崩 复还攻城 而恳诚慊诉 乃将三千人及羽仪 或敕使陪辇 给亲信二十人 微足观过知仁 而虐其宗国者乎 君不密则失臣 当令相载 究其形宜 率课 穷乏 坐受贾客韩佛智货 宪为梁国内史 晋制 久绝声
英语-《基础英语写作》复习资料
《基础英语写作》复习资料(一)I. Rewrite the following sentences.Directions: Rewrite each of the following sentences according to the requirement in brackets and write the rewritten sentence on the Answer Sheet.Example: The history of English words is the history of our civilization in many ways. (periodic sentence)In many ways, the history of English words is the history of our civilization.1.I don’t expect children to be rude. I don’t expect to be disobeyed. (compoundsentence)2.Gilda was awakened by thunder.She c ouldn’t go back to sleep. She tossed andturned until morning. (compound-complex sentence)3.Maggie entered the supermarket near home with a shopping bag in her hand.(periodic sentence)4.I’ll pay you double. You get the report finished by Friday. (complex sentence)5.Let us be ruthless in our criticism. Let us be cruel to personal fame. We shouldalso be indifferent to age and rank if these stand in our way. (parallel structure)6.We also have a section for the writers. There you can either post your study or gethelp with your reports. (complex sentence)7.My father was always cheerful although he was in poor health. (simple sentence)8.She had grown stronger and broader. It was difficult to recognize in this robust,motherly woman the slim, lively Natasha of former days. (compound sentence)9.The boy has learned many lessons. These lessons are about human kindness.(complex sentence)10.Father returned home. Mary was preparing dinner. Jane was lying inbed.(compound-complex sentence).II. Correct the errors in the following sentences and write the answer on the Answer Sheet.1.Offering free online, the game has attracted many school students.2.Online shopping is very popular among college students, it is easy, convenient,and often not very expensive.3.This the city which I worked thirty years ago。
英语基础写作人物描写
基础写作----人物描写（一）必备词句1.年龄(1)a five-year-old boy一个五岁的男孩(2)a boy aged five 一个五岁的男孩(3)in my tens /twenties在我十/二十多岁时(4)at the age of five在五岁时(5)As a child, I liked to... 我小时候喜欢……2.出生(1)was born in ... 出生在……(2)be/come from a wealthy family出生于富裕人家(3)was born into a peasant family出生于一个农民家庭3.外表(1)a 1.80-meter-tall boy 一个高1.8米的男孩(2)overweight胖的；thin瘦的；slim苗条的；strong 强壮的(3)look young for one’s age 显得比实际年龄年轻(4)good-looking 长得好看；plain-looking 长得一般(5)well dressed 穿得漂亮；能力(1)efficient办事高效率的(2)intelligent有智力的；creative 富创造力的(3)a boy with great ability 能干的男孩(4)a qualified teacher 一名合格的教师(5)speak fluent English 讲流利的英语(6)have a gift for 有……的天赋(7)be skilled in 在……方面熟练(8)be experienced in 在……方面有经验4.健康(1)be in good health/shape/condition 身体健康(2)energetic精力充沛的；well-built身材健美的(3)suffer from... 患上……5.经历(1)graduate from... 从……毕业(2)major in 以……为专业(3)gain scholarship 获得奖学金(4)get good grades获得好成绩(5)get a master’s/doctor’s/ bachelor's degree 获得硕士/博士/学士学位(6)be given the title of... 获得……称号(7)win a gold/silver/copper medal 获得金/银/铜牌(8)gain/win the first prize/place 获得一等奖/第一名(二) 相关短语1.be born in a poor family出生贫穷家庭2. attend school 上学3.at the age of 在……岁时4.during his childhood在他童年时5.sense of humour幽默感6. be always ready to总是乐于7. modest and honest谦虚诚实8. be regarded as被认为是9. have a gift for在……方面有天赋10. work hard at致力于11. devote one’s life to致力于12. graduate from 从……毕业13. take an active part in积极参加14. open-minded and optimistic乐观开朗15. be admitted to被……录取; 考入16. go abroad for further studies出国深造17. be honored for因……而受到尊敬18. dream of being a writer梦想成为作家19.make contributions to对……做出贡献20.have a strong interest in对……有浓厚兴趣（三）相关句式1. When he was a boy, he showed a great interest in maths.他小时候就对数学非常感兴趣。
基础英语写作chapter 3 (7,8)coordinationsubordination
– 地点(place ) 地点(place – where ,wherever – Where there is a will, there is a way. – 原因(reason) 原因(reason) – because since, as ,for . – As there is no answer, I wrote again.
宾语从句(Object Clause)
– I think (that) he is right.（由that引 right. that引 导） – I don’t believe what he said.由关 said. 系代词what what引导 系代词what引导 – Do you know where the post office is? 由连接副词引导） is?（由连接副词引导）
Different ways to subordonate second important idea – Put second important idea in subordonate clause. He would come to see me whenever he was in this city.
– It is true that she is an actress. actress. – I know that Phillips is a good make. make. – My idea is that we should plan. stick our plan. – My idea that we should stick our plan is right. – What I ’d really like is a d remote control.
英语写作基础教程(chapter-3)01ppt课件
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An effective paragraph
❖ 3 features of an effective paragraph: 1. A paragraph should have one, and only
one, central idea. 2. The main idea is generally expressed in
(ways of developing paragraphs)
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Development by Time
In telling a story or recounting an event, the easiest and clearest way is to describe things in order of time; earlier things are mentioned before later things, the first thing first and the last thing last. This method is also called chronological sequencing.
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Development by Process
When you have to explain how something is done, you usually follow a chronological sequence and give a step-by-step description. As the steps must occur one after another, the exact order in which they are carried out is most important. In giving instructions, imperative sentences and sentences
部编版2020版高考英语写作基础 Unit 3 (1)讲义+练习(必修1,含解析)
Unit3李仕才一、词汇讲解1.flowvi.流;垂;流出;（谈话、文体等）流畅n. 流动~ (ofsth/sb);滔滔不绝;涨潮;连贯vt.使泛滥;淹没;排出【习语】go with the flow(informal) 随大溜to be relaxed and not worry about what you should do2.persuadevt.& vi. 说服;劝说;使相信;使信服persuade sb (into sth/into doing sth)(out of sth/out of doing sth)【近义词辨析】persuade 说服、劝说：I tried to persuade her to see a doctor.我极力劝她去看医生。
convince (~ sb/yourself (of sth)) 使确信、信服：He convinced me he was right.他使我相信他是正确的。
advise 给某人出主意：I will do as you have advised.我会照你说的去做。
3.graduatevi. 渐变;渐渐变为(与 into 连用);渐渐消逝(与 away 连用);取得资格(与 as 连用);vt. 授予学位或毕业证书;从…接受学位;分成等级;标以刻度;n.<美>毕业生;<英>大学毕业生;(已经取得学士学位正在攻读高级学位的)研究生;量筒;adj. <美>毕业了的，研究生的;有(学士)学位的;I have strong education, degree from the university, graduate school and the law school.我有较强的教育，从大学学位，研究生院和法学院。
【派生词】graduationn. 毕业;毕业典礼;刻度，分度;分等级【派生词】gradualadj. 渐进的，渐(升)降的;倾斜度小的;逐次的，逐渐的;平缓的n. 弥撒升阶圣歌;弥撒圣歌集【派生词】graduallyadv. 逐步地，渐渐地;按部就班地;日趋;冉冉4.schedulen. 时刻表，进度表;清单，明细表;预定计划;目录 = timetablevt. 排定，安排~ sth (for sth);将…列表~ sth (assth);为…作目录The meeting is scheduled for Friday afternoon.会议安排在星期五下午。
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Exercisesⅱ. Cross out the sentence that is not connected to the topic of this paragraph:
• Books are placed on the library shelves in numerical order. In other words, all the books on one subject are put together under the same number; for example, all books on United States history are numbered 973, and are placed together on the 973 shelf or shelves. Of course, such books are borrowed mostly by students who learn history.
• The ability of radio to give us information while we are engaged in doing other things—for instance, driving a car—is remarkable, and a great saving of time. But
For instance:
• There is some feeling nowadays that reading is not as necessary as it once was. Radio and especially television have taken over functions once served by painting and other graphic arts. Admittedly, television serves some of these functions extremely well; the visual communication of news events, for example, has enormous impact.
Part Three
The Paragraph
• A paragraph is a unit of thought; it is at once a unity in itself and part of a larger whole, that is, the essay. • A paragraph is like a mini-essay; it should be unified, coherent and well developed.
Ⅰ. Effective Paragraphs 1. Unity
• Unity of a paragraph is concerned with its content. If all the sentences in the paragraph lead to one central theme, the paragraph is unified. The central theme is usually summarized in what is called the topic sentence. It often appears at the beginning of the paragraph; however, it may also be found in the middle or at the end of a paragraph.
• •Leabharlann •g）I have never had to cook before, and usually the results are discouraging. h）Mostly I am embarrassed as I sit in the Laundromat with all the women, and so I wait until all my clothes are dirty before I do this terrible task. i）I also have trouble with the complicated instructions, so occasionally I end up with pink socks or a shirt that is too small.
2. Coherence
• Coherence of a paragraph is concerned with its form, or its organization. The sentences in a paragraph should be arranged in a clear, logical order, and the transitions should be smooth and natural. As a result, the reader finds it easy to follow the writer’s train of thought and understand what he is talking about.
Exercisesⅰ: Find out the topic sentence of the following paragraph:
• There are two factors which determine an individual’s intelligence. The first is the sort of brain he is born with. Human brains differ considerably, some being more capable than others. But no matter how good a brain he has to begin with, an individual will have a low order of intelligence unless he has opportunities to learn.
For instance:
• I’ve done my share of leaning on their shoulders over the years. I never felt there was anything I couldn’t tell my Mom and Dad, and I am the kind who has to get it all out when I have a problem. Over the years they’ve heard it all: the time in junior high when one boy was constantly bugging me, the time in high school when I got caught drinking, the time I wrecked their Volkswagen Rabbit, rough times with my former boyfriend, and on and on….
• d）Sometimes the food is burned, sometimes it is not cooked enough, and sometimes I have not measured correctly, so the food tastes terrible. • e Shopping for my food is more difficult e）Shopping because I don’t know the English names of many foods, and often I have to spend extra time asking for help. • f）The Laundromat is far from my apartment, and I waste much valuable time.
• The controlling idea: • Since I began living in an apartment and going to school, my biggest problem has been the housework.
• • •
a）Cooking my food is a bigger problem. b The b）The worst problem is doing my laundry. c）Cleaning the apartment is not too bad; although it takes time away from my studies; at least when I finish the apartment looks nice.
3. Transition
• Coherence may not be perfect even if the writer arranges his sentences in a clear, logical order. He has to use good transitions so that one sentence runs smoothly to another.
• So the second factor is what happens to the individual—the sort of environment in which he is brought up. If an individual is in poor environment, it is likely that his brain will fail to develop and he will never attain the level of intelligence of which he is capable.