高考英语复习 形容词、副词用法ppt

3)You must keep the room clean. Don’t leave the door open. 4) The young are energetic and enthusiastic.
3.几种特殊情况， 须牢记： 1).形容词短语作定语，定语后置。 eg. a language difficult to master a leaning tower about 180 feet high
高考考点归纳 1. 比较级和最高级 1). 形容词和副词的比较级,最高级的特 定结构 2). 修饰形容词,副词比较级和最高级的 词的顺序 3). 比较级结构和潜在比较级的问题 2. 形容词,副词的意义和用法 3. 形容词,副词的排列顺序
形容词
1. 定义 是修饰名词表示名词属性的词,常 放在它所修饰的名词之前 Eg: I have a big bag.
形容词／副词的比较级和最高级 可分规则和不规则2种形式
1. 规则变化 1) 单音节词一般在词尾加-er和-est 2) 如果以-e结尾的单音节词，仅加-r和-st, eg: large 3) 如果已辅音字母加y结尾的少数双音节词，把y变 成i再加-er和-est，例如：happy 4) 如果单音节词以一个辅音字母结尾的闭音节，需 双写词尾再加-er和-est,例如：big—bigger— biggest 5) 如果以er, ow结尾的少数双音节词,加-er,-est, eg: clever, narrow 6) 不以y, er, ow结尾的双音节词,全部多音节的形容 词或副词，形式上与分词相同的形容词以及以 ly 结尾的副词,都在词前加 more, most
4. 表示形容词比较级的句型： 1)表示一方超过另一方时，用“形容词比较 级 +than...‖，而且可以用much , even, a lot, any, still, a bit, a little, a great deal , …times, …%,far, by far等副词修饰 形容词比较级； The weather of this year is a lot hotter than that of last year. Is this hotel any better than the one we lived in last time?
5.形容词的比较等级 表示形容词原级的句型： ①双方相等时， 用句型“...as+形容词原级+as...‖ / ―...the same （+名词）+as ...‖ Eg: He is as intelligent as his sister. He has the same intelligence as his sister. He is as intelligent a student as his sister.
• 5). more…. than…与其说…倒不如说 • It is more like a wall than a spear. • They are more like father and son than teacher and student. • Smith is more diligent than intelligent. • 6).not+比较级 纯表示比较 • no+比较级 含有对两者的否定 • I am not better at English than you. • I am no better at English than you. • (Imply :Neither you nor I am good at English.)
副词用法
1.定义：指用来修饰动词，形容词，其他副词以 及全句，表示时间，地点，程度，方式等概念， 反映动作行为以及陈述事情的性质特征． 2.作用:修饰动词；修饰形容词；修饰副词 3.位置:通常放在形容词前动词之后 4.多个副词作修饰语时的顺序: １）地点＋状态（方法）＋时间 Eg: I drove downtown quickly this morning. ２）副词＋副词短语 Eg: We arrived safely at the station.
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7） 某些以－ior 结尾的形容词进行比较时， 用to 代替than .这些词有inferior (劣等的 ，次 的） ，superior , junior(资历较浅的）, senior 。 如： he is superior to Mr. Zhang in chemistry. 8) 倍数表达法 1. A is + 倍数 the size ( height / length /width /depth ) of B 2. A is + 倍数 ＋ as …as B 3. A is + 倍数 ＋ 比较级 than B 注意： times 表三倍以上 ， 两倍用 twice /double 形容词 修饰不定代词时放在后面. Eg: I didn’t get anything valuable from the speech. If you listen carefully, you will find something new.
2). 表语形容词（afraid , alike , alone , asleep, awake , alive 等）作定语，定语后置 如 a man alive 有些表身体健康状况的形容词如well , faint ,ill 只作表语。 sick既可作表语又可作定语，ill 如作定语意为 “bad‖ 。 3). 形容词用作定语，修饰不定代词通常后置。 4). else 常用作疑问代词 和不定代词的后置定语。
5).多个形容词作定语时的排列顺序 • 如果两个以上的形容词修饰一个名词时，与被 修饰的名词关系较密切的形容词靠近名词；如 果几个形容词的密切程度差不多，则音节少的 形容词在前，音节多的在后。如：a small beautiful room。 • 常用的顺序为：
记住：限－数－描－形－新－颜－国－材（＋名词） Eg: The first beautiful large long new red Chinese concrete bridge . 请译：一个漂亮的崭新中国式陶瓷大花瓶。
对以上句型要特别注意在具体语言环境中的灵 活运用。例如： • —What do you think of his voice? • —I don't think I have ever heard a better voice. • 该对话的答语以比较级的形式表达了最高级的 含义，意思等于“I think his voice is the best‖。 • The trip could not have been better. • The Changjiang River is longer than any other river in China. • The Changjiang River is longer than any river in Korea.
如：The harder he works, the happier he feels. 4).不与其他事物 相比，表示本身程度的改变时， 用“比较级＋ and + 比较级”结构，表示越来 越 Our country is becoming more and more beautiful and richer and richer.
两种副词形式的比较 有些常用副词，两种形式，意义不同。如： close 接近（指距离） closely 仔细地；密切 地 free 免费 freely 自由地；自如地 deep 深 deeply 深刻地 hard 努力地 hardly 几乎不 wide 宽 widely 广泛地 high 高 highly 高度地 late 晚；迟 lately 近来 most 最 mostly 主要地；绝大多数 地
2)表示一方不如另一方时，用“...less+形容词原 级 +than...‖； I admit that I am less brave than you. He is less nervous than you.
3).表示一方随另一方的程度而变化时，用
“the + 比较级... the + 比较级...‖（越…越…）
a nice big new Chinese china vase
4.复合形容词的构成 1.形＋名＋ed kind - hearted white – haired 2.形＋形 red – hot dark – blue 3.形＋ 现分 good – looking easy – going 4.副词＋ 现分 hard – working fast – moving 5.副词＋ 过分 hard – won newly – made 6.名＋ 形 life – long world – famous 7.名＋ 现分 peace – loving fun – loving 8 . 名＋ 过分 snow – covered hand –made 9. 数 ＋ 名 ＋ed four storeyed three – legged 10. 数＋ 名 ten-year two - man
• ③一方是另一方的若干倍时， 表示倍数的结构有以下几种： 1 .A is three (four , etc .) times/half/one third the size (height , length…)of B .如： Their library is twice the size of ours . 2 .A is three (four , etc .)times/half/one third as big (high , long…)as B .如： The new bridge is three times as long as the old one . 3 .A is three (four , etc .)times/half/one third bigger (higher , longer…)than B .如： Your school is three times bigger than ours .
5.Obviously,he is telling a lie.
Actually/luckily/generally/unfortunately etc常 用来修饰句子.
注意: • 1.名词+ly构成形容词;形容词+ly构成副 词 • friendly, lovely, lively, homely, manly… (形容词) • friendlily, livelily, happily… (副词) • 2.fast,early,straight既是形容词又是副词, 不加ly. • He runs fast. • Can you give me a fast answer?
用做状语,修饰动词,形容词,副词,词组,或整个句子 .1.They listened to the teacher attentively and took notes every now and then. 2. The ticket is terribly expensive. 3.I like English very much. 4. He is really a good man.
2. 基本用法:
可做 1)定语(放在名词前); 2)表语(放在系动词后); 3)宾语补足语; 4)the+形容词可转化为名词 1)Jim is a diligent boy.
2)John is honest and warm-hearted.
Father got angry when he heard the news.
• ②双方不相等时， • 用句型“...not so / as+形容词原级+as...‖ / ―...be different from...‖ • Learning English is not so hard as learning Russia. • English is not so difficult a subject as Russia.