美国历史(我们的故事)
美国我们的故事观后感
美国我们的故事观后感《美国，我们的故事》是一部揭示美国历史、文化和价值观的纪录片。
通过展示美国各个方面的故事，该片向观众展示了这个国家发展的轨迹以及其独特之处。
观看完这部纪录片后，我深受启发，对美国的故事有了更深入的了解，同时也对它的发展路径和挑战有了更多的思考。
整部纪录片以美国的历史为脉络，从殖民地时期一直延伸到现代。
片中穿插了许多关键时刻以及历史上的重大事件，例如美国独立战争、南北战争、美国内战，以及全球大萧条、世界大战等。
通过这样的编排方式，观众可以直观地感受到美国历史的起伏和曲折，更加深入地理解美国所面临的困境和走过的艰辛。
纪录片对美国的文化多样性也做出了充分的展示。
从各个方面介绍了美国人民的饮食习惯、宗教信仰、音乐和艺术等，以及来自不同地区的文化风景。
这让我深刻地认识到美国是一个融合了各种文化的国家，这种多元性为美国带来了无尽的活力和创造力。
与此同时，纪录片还深入探讨了美国的核心价值观。
宪法保护的言论自由、人权和平等在美国社会中起着重要的作用。
片中通过展示不同人群的故事，告诉观众们这些核心价值观是如何在美国人民心中铸就的。
正是这些价值观的力量，让美国成为一个自由和包容的国家。
然而，纪录片也没有回避美国所面临的问题和挑战。
片中揭示了美国历史上的社会不平等，例如对待非洲裔和土著人民的不公平待遇，以及移民问题和社会分裂等。
这些问题在美国社会中一直存在，通过这部纪录片，观众们可以更加客观地看待这些现象，并思考如何更好地解决这些问题。
《美国，我们的故事》给我留下了深刻的印象。
它通过生动的故事、真实的纪录片片段和专家的解读，帮助观众更好地了解美国的历史和文化。
它不仅展示了美国独特的发展轨迹，还揭示了这个国家所面临的挑战和机遇。
这部纪录片对于理解美国的过去和现在有着重要的意义。
通过观看这部纪录片，我深深地被美国人民的坚韧精神和对自由的追求所打动。
他们在困难和危机面前保持着乐观和创造力。
作为一个国家，美国已经走过了漫长而艰辛的历程，取得了许多成就。
纪录片《美国：我们的故事》全12集剧情
Episode 1（反抗）1 清教徒躲避宗教迫害乘“五月花"号（Mayflower)来到美洲大陆。
2 感恩节的由来.3 “波士顿惨案”和“波士顿倾茶案"是美国独立战争的导火索。
4 “莱克星顿第一枪”打响美国独立战争，从此，美洲大陆不再是英国人的殖民地，独立为美利坚合众国。
Episode 2（革命）1 1776年7月4日，第二次大陆会议通过了《独立宣言》（由托马斯·杰弗逊起草），它宣布新大陆13个殖民地要独立成为一个新的国家：“人人生而平等，造物主赋予了他们不可剥夺的权利，包括生存权、自由权和追求幸福的权利”。
2 英军总司令被杀是美国独立战争的转折点，此时法国舰队加入，帮助美国在海上抵抗英国舰队。
1783签署《巴黎条约》，英国承认美国独立.Episode 3 （西进运动）1 为了寻求财富，美国人向西部迁移，称为“西进运动”。
当内华达山脚下发现金矿后，“淘金热”。
2 西进运动的转折点：美国人在得克萨斯州的阿拉莫被墨西哥人打败，“阿拉莫之战”,向西部发动战争，攻占了得克萨斯州后,又买下加利福尼亚州。
3 《印第安人迁移法》迫使当地的土著民去保留地居住.4 美国的最长的河流密西西比河，从米尼苏达北部发源，一直到新奥尔良南部。
19世纪蒸汽机的发明使密西西比河促进了美国经济的发展。
Episode 4 （南北分裂)1 伊利湖使以纽约为代表的美国北方工业区更加繁荣。
2 南方种植园里的大量黑人奴隶生活悲惨，纷纷冒险逃亡到北方.3 《逃奴法案》准许南方奴隶主搜捕逃亡到北方的奴隶，激起北方民众的怨愤。
小说《汤姆叔叔的小屋》描述了黑人奴隶生不如死的生活状态，在西方其重要性仅次于《圣经》。
4 南北战争的原因:南方和北方为美国到底是实行奴隶制还是自由制而发生冲突，双方不肯退让。
5 林肯当选总统后，准备废奴，此时南方6个蓄奴州建立美利坚联盟国，准备暗杀林肯。
6 林肯就职五周后，南北战争正式打响，这是美国历史上伤亡最惨重的战争.Episode 5 （内战)1 迷你子弹使内战伤亡惨重。
America-The Story Of Us E05-E06
[04:03.40]将直接决定你是生是死 would determine if you lived or die.
[04:06.61]
[04:26.85]枪管内壁的凹槽 即装膛线 Groove on the inside of the barrel, rifling,
[03:04.85]詹姆斯·梅格斯 [《大众机械》杂志总编]
[03:08.85]
[03:04.85]内战都是第一场现代战争 the Civil War was the first modern war
[03:07.28]这是工业革命的影响深入到美国之后 because it was the first war that took place
[03:33.55]
[03:33.73]重新上膛的速度大大提升 than traditional weapons.
[03:35.85]
[03:36.89]装上火药 Load the gun powder,
[03:38.66]
[03:40.92]把子弹塞到底 ram down the bullet,
[01:58.79]熔铅所铸的子弹被称为迷你弹 The bullet known as the minie ball.
[02:01.79]
[02:03.33]这一小块未加工的铅就是 This crude piece of lead is the primary reason
[02:07.28]造成前所未有的伤亡的罪魁祸首 for the unprecedented levels of slaughter in this war.
美国我们的故事
1 History Channel America: The Story of US分段-赠送音频-难词标注-适合大学生使用1History has earned some inspiring look at how self-determination and innovation made America. Now, a special introduction from the President of United States.Good evening. Over two hundred years ago, the world waited and watched to see if an unlikely experiment called America would succeed. It has. Not because the success was certain, or because it was easy, but because generations of Americans dedicated their lives and the sacred honor to a cause greater than themselves.This has been especially true in moments of great trial, when a ragtag group of patriot s overthrew an empire to secure the right to life, liberty and the pursuit of happiness, when an Illinois rail splitter proved for all time that the government of, by and for the people would endure, when marcher s' brave beatings on the Alabama bridge in the name of equality, freedom and justice for all.Moments like these remind us that our American stories have never been inevitable, those made possible by ordinary people, who kept moral compass pointed straight and true, when the way seemed treacherous, when the climb seemed steep, when the future seemed uncertain, people who were recognized as the fundamental part of our American character. We can remake ourselves, and our nation to fit our larger dreams. Tonight, thorough the series, I hope you'd be inspired by these extraordinary men and women, and think about how this generation will write the next chapter in our great American story. Thank you, and enjoy the show.We are a land of many nations. We are New World explorer s. We are the huddle d masses. Yearning to breathe freedom, we'll risk it all. We have the courage to dream the impossible, and make it the truth. We stand our ground. Charge headlong towards our destiny.Adventurers sail across an ocean to start a new life. A nation is born, which becomes the envy of the world. But in search of freedom, friends become foes, and these new Americans, will wage a war against the world's greatest military power. We are pioneers and trailblazer s. We fight for freedom. We transform our dreams into the truth. Our struggles will become a nation.Episode One Rebels2 Shiploads of businessmen and true believers are crossing the Atlantic Ocean to create a new world. May 1610. 120 years after Columbus, it's still a perilous journey. One ship, The Deliverance, carries a cargo that will change America forever.All hands over here. Onboard is John Rolfe, a 24-year-old English farmer. Ambitious, self-reliant, visionary. A born entrepreneur. What takes us six hours today by plane was then a voyage of more than two months. Seven of the early adventurers out of every ten will be dead within a year.Land ahoy! But the risks are worth it. North America is the ultimate land of opportunity: A2continent of vast untapped wealth, starting with the most valuable resource of all --- land. What will be home to more than 300 million people lies under a blanket of forest covering nearly half the land. More than 50 billion trees. Further west, 9 million square miles of vast American wilderness. 60 million bison roam the plains. And underground, there are rumors of gem s, silver and the largest seam s of gold in the world. The settlers expect nothing less than El Dorado. But what Rolfe finds at the English settlement of Jamestown, is hell on Earth. More than 500 settlers made the journey before Rolfe. “Hello?” “Hello?” Barely 60 remain.3 It's called "The Starving Time". Having fed on horses and other animals, we ate boots, shoes, and any other leather we came acr oss. “Somebody, help!” Three months before Rolfe arrives, a man is burned at the stake for killing his pregnant wife and planning to eat her.The English arrive unprepared for this new world and unwilling to perform manual labor. Instead of livestock, they've brought chemical tests for gold that they never find. And this is not their land. They build Jamestown in the middle of a Native American empire. 60 starving settlers among 20,000 of the Powhatan Nation, armed with bows and arrows that are up to nine times faster to reload and fire than an English musket. They're soon enemies. Only one in ten of the original settlers is left. John Rolfe didn't come to plunder and leave like the others. He's got his own plan.There's money in tobacco, and England is addict ed. He's arrived with a supply of South American tobacco seeds, but growing it is limited to the Spanish colonies. The Spanish control the worldwide trade. Selling tobacco seeds to foreigners is punishable by death. But John Rolfe has got his hands on some. No one knows how. And in the warm, humid climate and fertile soil around the Chesapeake Bay, Rolfe's tobacco crop flourishes. The first large harvest produced by these seeds is worth more than a million dollars in today's money.The great strength of America is our people. If you wanna know what it is the defining strength of America, it is our people, our immigrant tradition, our bringing in cultures from all over the world. I know what goes into making success. And when somebody's really successful, it's rarely luck. It's talent, it's brain power, it's lots of other things.4Rolfe marries the daughter of the king of the Powhatan Empire. Her name becomes legend: Pocahontas. In England, Rolfe makes her a celebrity when her face is put on a portrait that sells all over London, advertising life in the New World. Shakespeare mentions the colony. England's rich invest money here. All of London knows about this land of plenty. Within two years, tobacco grows in every garden. From a living hell, Jamestown is America's first boomtown. Two years later, nearly 1,000 more settlers arrive, including 19 from West Africa. Slaves. But some go on to own their own land in Virginia. 12 years after the founding of Jamestown, Africans were playing a shaping role in the creation of the colonies. That's pretty incredible. 30 years later, there are over 20,000 settlers in Virginia. America is founded on tobacco. For the next century and a half, it's the continent's largest export.3 Ten years after Rolfe arrives in Jamestown, another group of English settlers lands in North America. They come ashore on a deserted beach 450 miles up the coast from Jamestown, and call the place Plymouth, after the English port they sailed from. These are a different breed of settler, a group of religious dissident s with faith at the center of their lives. They made the dangerous Atlantic crossing, seeking religious freedom in the New World.24-year-old apprentice printer Edward Winslow arrives with a group of religious sectarian s on a boat called the Mayflower. 5 By April 1621, their settlement is taking shape. The Mayflower returns to England.The Pilgrim s are on their own in an unknown land. A great hope and inward zeal we had of laying some great foundation for the propagating and advancing the gospel of the kingdom of Christ, in those remote parts of the world. They're 19 families. Goats, chickens, pigs and dogs. They have spinning wheels, chairs, books, guns. And no way home. If you create this environment as a land of opportunity, then you're gonna attract those type of people who wanna take that risk, who have-- wanna take that gamble and who believe in a better life.They were heading for the Hudson River, but they've landed 200 miles further north at the beginning of winter. They have arrived in the middle of a mini ice age, temperatures 2 degrees colder than today. Winters are longer, growing seasons shorter. The soil is poor. Little grows. Food supplies run low. In the first three months, more than half the Pilgrim s die. William Bradford is the governor of a community soon in desperate trouble. It pleased God to visit us with death daily. Disease was everywhere. The living were scarcely able to bury the dead. They died sometimes two or three a day. Of 100 and odd persons, scarce 50 remained. At times, only six are fit enough to continue building their shelter s. Susanna White's husband dies that first winter. Edward Winslow's wife perish es a month after. Within weeks, White and Winslow marry. They'll have five children.6Today more than 10% of all Americans can trace their ancestry back to the Mayflower. For a time, Plymouth provides the sanctuary they sought. “Edward! Edward! Edward, please go and look over there!” But like Jamestown, there were others here first.April 1621. The Pilgrims have been in the New World for five months. Barely half survive the first winter.But they're not the first Europeans to arrive on this coast. Five years before, European ships brought light-skinned people and plague. Almost nine out of ten of the local people are wipe d out. The Pokanoket people don't need enemies. They make peace with the Pilgrims. They teach the English how to grow crops in sandy soil, using fish for fertilizer. But they want something in return. They have a common enemy--a rival tribe.And the English have powerful weapons. The Pilgrims aren't soldiers. But in the New World, they have to fight to survive. On August 14, 1621, Pilgrims and Pokanoket, shoulder to shoulder, will launch a surprise attack that will seal their future in this new land. It was resolved to send 144men, well-armed, and to fall upon them in the night. The captain gave charge: Let none pass out. The rival tribe doesn't know what hit them. Surrounded, they have no answer for English firepower.7Pokanoket and Pilgrims find common ground...and a chance to survive. Two unlikely allies.A partnership all too rare in North America.We have found the Indian very faithful in their covenant of peace with us. They are people without any religion or knowledge of any God, yet very trusty, quick of apprehension, ripe-witted... and just. Their victory brings a period of peace to the colony. Their friendship is celebrated in a feast. In time, it will become known as Thanksgiving.One of the main theme s in the founding of America was a place to do business, a place to expand your horizon s, a place to live a life of your own, practice your own religion. Those are the basic themes that brought people to these shores to colonize. It's the start of a period of prosperity, that will transform North America. From Jamestown and Plymouth, their descendants grow across the landscape. As more and more people cross the Atlantic--thousands, tens of thousands, people with different backgrounds, different reasons for being here...America becomes the place for everybody from everywhere.Roll ing the dice, coming together to create 13 colonies. From Jamestown, agriculture spreads across the South, dirt farms transform into sprawl ing plantations. Irish, Germans, and Swedes push back the frontier. The Dutch bring commerce to a small island at the mouth of the Hudson River. In time, it will be named New York. The colonists are 2 inches taller, and far healthier, than those they left behind in Europe. The Puritan s average eight children, and they are twice as likely to survive to adulthood. They are 20% richer and pay only 1/4 of the taxes of those in England. Many still think of themselves as British, but each generation grows further from its roots. Nowhere more so than Boston.8May 9, 1768. Seven generations after John Rolfe's first tobacco harvest, the British want a bigger piece of the action. A British customs official springs a surprise raid on The Liberty, a ship belonging to John Hancock, one of the richest men in Boston. But Hancock's crew has other ideas. They're carrying 100 cask s of imported wine and don't want to pay duty. It's a radical act of rebellion against taxes imposed by a king 3,000 miles away. To the British, they're just common smuggler s. This mall skirmish changes everything. The British seize Hancock's ship, triggering riot s that sweep through Boston. We didn't wanna pay taxes to a king and to a parliament where we didn't have a voice, and we didn't have any representation. We have a natural resentment toward government, which was how we were born. The king sends 4,000 redcoats to Boston to enforce his laws. Boston was a city of commerce, culture, civilization, and revolution, unfolding right before the eyes of the colonists and the eyes of the British.October 1768. British soldiers clamp down on Boston, a port crucial to the British Empire...and a hub of global trade and commerce. Its dockyards are some of the busiest in the5 world, producing 200 ships a year from America's vast timber reserve s. 1/3 of all British shipping is built in the colonies. Timber fuel s the global economy...much like oil does today. Across New England, marks identify the tallest, strongest trees selected by the crown for British ships.9England has lost most of its forests. It wants American wood. In Boston, there's one redcoat for every four citizens. It's a city under occupation. Paul Revere is a silversmith and one of Boston's prominent businessmen...an unlikely subversive. They formed and marched with insolent parade, drums beating, fife s playing, and colors flying, each soldier having received 16 rounds of powder and ball.He is an upper-middle-class figure, someone who has risen through his own effort s, his own talent. He represent s what we have created on our own with very little help from our cousins across the Atlantic. But when revolution comes to North America...Revere will beat the center of it.Boston and the 13 colonies are an economic powerhouse, critical to Britain. Nearly 40% of everything exported from Britain, makes its way to America. The fishing fleet ships thousands of tons of salted cod to the Caribbean. Returns with sugar and molasses...raw material for rum. Taxed by the British after every exchange. In Africa, rum is the currency used to purchase the most profitable cargo of all...African slaves.Between 1700 and 1800, more than 1/4 of a million Africans are brought to the American colonies. More slaves than all those who came of their own free will. Most wind up on large plantations in the South. But they're also critical to the economy of the North. 10% of Boston's population is black. Boston is a melting pot, and tension is building.Nobody likes invader s in their homes. To have people here, foreigners on your soil, is something-- is a great incentive for people to fight. March 5, 1770. After three days of unrest, an angry mob roam s the streets. Hundreds of men who lost their jobs and blame the British gather on King Street and face off against eight redcoats with orders not to fire. What's about to happen will change America forever. A 17-year-old wig maker's apprentice, Edward Garrick, lights the fuse.10This is how wars start. Come on, let's have it! Private Hugh Montgomery is hit with a club. An African-American, Crispus Attucks, dies instantly. Everybody, run! When the smoke clears, four more are dead. How Boston reacts will change the course of history. Silversmith and political radical Paul Revere captures the moment British soldiers kill five colonists in the streets of Boston.His engraving will fuel the fires of revolution as outrage spreads across the 13 colonies. Unhappy Boston see thy sons deplore, thy hallowed walks besmear ed with guiltless gore, whilst faithless Preston and his savage bands, with murderous rancor, stretch their bloody hands. The most formidable army in the world firing on an unarmed crowd. An explosive image with a title that says it all: "The Bloody Massacre." There was the old joke, "You give me a picture, I'll give6you a war." Those who wanted to stir things up and to make a statement and maybe even lead a revolution, it made them able to rally others to their side.News spreads fast. The colonists are avid readers, a legacy from the first Bible-reading Puritans in Plymouth. Boston has the first weekly newspaper. There are now more than 40 papers across the colonies. And the new postmaster general, Benjamin Franklin...has introduced a revolutionary postal-delivery system. Night riders cut the delivery time in half. The communications network connecting the colonies is one of the best in the world. And the British have no idea. They hope the news can be contain ed. Before news reaches England, most of America knows about the Boston Massacre. It's a very American spirit of an idea, this idea that everybody should have access to knowledge. It's very much like that pioneering idea, everybody should be able to make their way in the world. A printer in Connecticut can read the exact same story as a farmer in North Carolina.11 December 1773. "The Boston Gazette" breaks another story, that will fan the flames of rebellion. The rising tide of anger and resentment forces England's hand. They repeal all taxes...except one, on tea. It's not enough. In one of the most famous acts of resistance in American history, Rebels dump over $1 million worth of tea in Boston Harbor. When someone comes along and smacks us, we don't turn the other cheek. That's not who we are. Move it! The British respond by shutting down Boston Harbor...one of America's busiest, wealthiest ports. Come on, lad. Hundreds lose their jobs. The British mean to strangle any resistance from the rebellious colony of Massachusetts. America is about to change forever. Tensions escalate far beyond Boston. Settlers are pushing west. Many have their eyes set on new land west of the Appalachians. But to protect Native. American lands, England has banned settlements, along a boundary called the Proclamation Line. Hundreds are evict ed from their homes on the frontier.September 5, 1774. We want liberty...Incensed at the British actions, 56 delegate s from across the colonies gather at the First Continental Congress in Philadelphia. It's the first step on the road to American democracy. Among them are John Adams, Patrick Henry, and a gentleman landowner from Virginia named George Washington.12At a time when our lordly masters in Great Britain will be satisfied with nothing less than the deprivation of American freedom, it seems highly necessary that something should be done to maintain liberty. Across New England, people prepare to defend themselves. Smuggled arms are collected and stashed in secret hideaways. But while many expect conflict, most delegates in Philadelphia want peace with Britain. A military action would make a wound that would never be healed. That's good, we don't have all day, let's go, come on. The First Continental Congress resolve s that a British attack on any one colony will be regarded as an attack on all of them. What emerges at Philadelphia is solidarity. The distinctions between Virginians, Pennsylvanians, New Englanders, and New Yorkers are no more. I'm not a Virginian. I am an American. The future of the 13 American colonies hangs in the balance.7 Spring 1775. Near Concord, Massachusetts. Get in here, get those weapons stacked up. We haven't got all day. Local gunsmith Isaac Davis puts the town militia through basic training. The American patriots knew that they were doing the right thing. You're starting the birth of a nation. You had to really believe in what you were doing. You've gotta keep this clean here, sir. If you keep that clean, it'll save your life. If war comes, this will be America's first line of defense. A volunteer home guard with weapons paid for by local citizens. Gentlemen, it's looking good, it's looking good. Let's have some breakfast and move out. They're farmers, blacksmiths, and store owners. A fighting force of ordinary Americans. The militiamen of any of the colonies were made up of just its citizens. It was a citizen-based protection unit. And some of them had some skills, but some of them were just the carpenters. Some of them were just the mason or the blacksmith.I mean, these were the guys that--they had something at stake to protect their colony. So they started to form together, just trying to help protect each other. Every town across the colonies has its own militia, but now they're preparing to defend themselves against the British Army. Better than yesterday, better than yesterday. For six generations across Massachusetts, men are expected to serve as militiamen. In Massachusetts, 1/3 of all men between 16 and 50 are ready to bear arms at a minute's notice. Excellent, good shot. We keep this up, we're gonna give those redcoats a scare, all right? The British will not stand for any armed resistance.13 April 19, 1775. After midnight, 900 redcoats leave their barracks in Boston for Lexington and Concord, about 20 miles away. Their orders: Arrest the rebel leaders and seize their weapons. News of the British attack also reaches Paul Revere. His midnight ride will alert local militias. Revere rides ahead of the British troops. His warning spreads from town to town, across the New England countryside. Paul Revere reaches Lexington... in time to spread the word. The British are coming. We need to warn the militia. Get 'em together. Come on! By bive in the morning, 60 militiamen line up. They're commanded by a farmer, John Parker. They're faced off against hundreds of well-armed and highly experienced British soldiers. What happens next will transform the world forever.Sunrise, April 19, 1775. On one side 60 men, poorly armed and barely trained. On the other, hundreds of the most powerful army in the world. Men who have only been active for a handful of months, An army that in the past 20 years has fought on five continents and defeated everything in its path. For these Rebels, the fight is for nothing less than freedom itself. These guys were revolutionaries, they were scallywags, they were rebels, some of them were gentlemen farmers, some of them were overeducated, some of them were undereducated. It really was the birth of a nation. The Lexington Militia gathers on the village common. Dairy farmers and shopkeepers. But also among them are free African-Americans and slaves.It is a unique experience that African-Americans have had in the military in America. African-Americans fought for the country, even before it was a country. African-Americans like Prince Estabrook. Give me training.814You give me a weapon, and I can perform as well as you can. Then there's no power on Earth that's gonna hold me down forever. Stand your ground. Don't fire unless fired upon. But if we mean to have war, let it begin here. Captain John Parker once fought on the side of the British. 1/4 of the men standing at his side are related to him. No one knows who fires the first shot at Lexington...but it's the shot heard 'round the world. I mean, the redcoats, that's intimidating, the way they move, the way they march, the way they execute on that open space. I imagine, on some level, for the guy who works the printing press, this is overwhelming beyond anything you could possibly articulate in words.Fire! Prince Estabrook is hit in the first volley. No army in the world can stand toe-to-toe with the British, let alone a ragtag militia. Fire! The British fired up to four times the rate of the militia. Within minutes of the first shots fired at Lexington, eight Patriots are dead, ten wounded. The American Revolution has begun. The redcoats reach Concord at 9:00 in the morning. Acting on a tipoff from colonists loyal to the crown, they raid the militia's arms stash. But the Rebels have got there first...hiding almost everything.15That's good, we don't have all day, let's go, come on. They continue to search for weapons, giving the Patriots more time to spread the word. The militia gathers just outside the town of Concord. By late morning, more than 1,000 have arrived from the surrounding villages. Their plan, to defend their towns against the British. Let's go! The British soldiers left their barracks15 hours ago. And now they face a 20-mile march back to Boston. The Shattered lives...an occupied city...blood in the streets of Boston...and now Lexington. A people unified in the fight against tyranny. Now the Patriots have their chance. Gunsmith and militia leader Isaac Davis takes a bullet through the heart. The Patriots seize the upper hand and intend to make the British soldiers pay. They shadow the redcoats' march, firing on them the entire way. A third are killed or wounded. Seven generations after the first settlers left England, in search of prosperity and freedom, their descendants will have to fight for these rights. Standing in their way is the might of the world's greatest military superpower. And they're not about to give up their colonies lightly.A ragtag bunch of rebels faces the greatest military superpower of the day. It's a war they never should have won. This is the secret history of how they did it---daring, leadership, new ways of fighting and true American grit.Episode Two Revolution16New York City. Gateway to North America. Today the financial capital of the world. Population: Eight Million people. In 1776, this is a city of just 20,000. It will soon become the battleground for the biggest land invasion in American history.Three miles from Wall Street, where 23rd Street crosses Lexington Avenue today the Rebels dig in to defend New York at Kips Bay. Commander of the Rebel Army is General George Washington. He has already driven the British out of Boston. A surprise victory against superior9 forces. But they'll be back.The hour is fast approaching on which the honor and success of this army, and the safety of our bleeding country depend. Joseph Plumb Martin enlisted in the Rebel forces at 15 inspired to fight under Washington's command. A farm boy, he joins thousands of untrained volunteers. Our Revolutionary Army was quite something. It was-- in a nation that wasn't really a nation yet, just starting out, and we took on the greatest superpower of the time. Washington's ragtag troops are about to face the best-equipped and most powerful fighting force in the world.17June 29th. 45 British warships mass off Staten Island. Bearing down on New York City, the ultimate war machine of its day, the British ship-of-the-line. Each ship is made from over 2,000 century-old trees. Each carries hundreds more soldiers to the fight against the colonies. And each is armed with up to 64 heavy cannons capable of hurling a 24-pound cannonball at the speed of sound, delivering it to targets over a mile away. One ship-of-the-line costs the equivalent of a modern aircraft carrier. Another 350 British ships are racing across the Atlantic to join them. The British want to terrify the Rebels into submission. Instead, they inspire them to resist. On July 2nd, there's a crisis meeting in Philadelphia. 50 delegates elected to the Continental Congress from the 13 colonies hold an emergency session. They include radicals like Ben Franklin, Thomas Jefferson and John Adams. What they're debating is nothing less than high treason--total independence from Britain. The penalty is death. We are in the midst of a revolution, the most complete in the history of the world. It's the birth of American democracy. We have to expect a great expanse of blood to obtain it. Some don't believe the Rebels stand a chance. We are about to brave the storm in a skiff made of paper. But the doubters are outnumbered nearly five to one.18On July 4, 1776, the delegates ratify a document that will change the world, the Declaration of Independence. We hold these truths to be self-evident, that all men are created equal, that they are endowed by their Creator with certain unalienable Rights."Now think about that. They're saying that your rights come not from the king, not from the government, your rights come from God and furthermore, they can't be taken away from you. They're unalienable. Every group: blacks, women, gays--everybody looks to the Declaration as a way of saying we are Americans, too. So the Declaration is the American creed. that among these are "Life"，"Liberty" and "the pursuit of Happiness." You cannot help but be stirred when you read those words. And you feel the excitement of being on the cusp of something so profound. We can be free. Now soldiers like Plumb Martin have something worth fighting for.On July 12th, two British warships open fire on New York City. It must have been quite a shock because New York, up to that point, was pretty quiet city. It was a business city. So you had significant support for the Rebels but also significant support for the people who were still loyal to the king. A month later, Joseph Reed, secretary to George Washington, tracks the British fleet massing off New York. Over 400 ships, the largest British Naval task force until D-day.。
美国我们的故事(英文脚本)
History Channel America: The Story of USHistory has earned some inspiring look at how self-determination and innovation made America. Now, a special introduction from the President of United States.Good evening. Over two hundred years ago, the world waited and watched to see if an unlikely experiment called America would succeed. It has. Not because the success was certain, or because it was easy, but because generations of Americans dedicated their lives and the sacred honor to a cause greater than themselves.This has been especially true in moments of great trial, when a ragtag group of patriots overthrew an empire to secure the right to life, liberty and the pursuit of happiness, when an Illinois rail splitter proved for all time that the government of, by and for the people would endure, when marchers' brave beatings on the Alabama bridge in the name of equality, freedom and justice for all.Moments like these remind us that our American stories have never been inevitable, those made possible by ordinary people, who kept moral compass pointed straight and true, when the way seemed treacherous, when the climb seemed steep, when the future seemed uncertain, people who were recognized as the fundamental part of our American character. We can remake ourselves, and our nation to fit our larger dreams. Tonight, thorough the series, I hope you'd be inspired by these extraordinary men and women, and think about how this generation will write the next chapter in our great American story. Thank you, and enjoy the show.We are a land of many nations. We are New World explorers. We are the huddled masses. Yearning to breathe freedom, we'll risk it all. We have the courage to dream the impossible, and make it the truth. We stand our ground. Charge headlong towards our destiny.Adventurers sail across an ocean to start a new life. A nation is born, which becomes the envy of the world. But in search of freedom, friends become foes, and these new Americans, will wage a war against the world's greatest military power. We are pioneers and trailblazers. We fight for freedom. We transform our dreams into the truth. Our struggles will become a nation.Episode OneShiploads of businessmen and true believers are crossing the Atlantic Ocean to create a new world. May 1610. 120 years after Columbus, it's still a perilous journey. One ship, The Deliverance, carries a cargo that will change America forever.All hands over here. Onboard is John Rolfe, a 24-year-old English farmer. Ambitious, self-reliant, visionary. A born entrepreneur. What takes us six hours today by plane was then a voyage of more than two months. Seven of the early adventurers out of every ten will be dead within a year.Land ahoy! But the risks are worth it. North America is the ultimate land of opportunity: A continent of vast untapped wealth, starting with the most valuable resource of all --- land. What will be home to more than 300 million people lies under a blanket of forest covering nearly half the land. More than 50 billion trees. Further west, 9 million square miles of vast American wilderness. 60 million bison roam the plains. And underground, there are rumors of gems, silver and the largest seams of gold in the world. The settlers expect nothing less than El Dorado. But what Rolfe finds at the English settlement of Jamestown, is hell on Earth. More than 500 settlers made the journey before Rolfe. “Hello?” “Hello?” Barely 60 remain. It's called "The StarvingTime". Having fed on horses and other animals, we ate boots, shoes, and any other leather we came across. “Somebody, help!” Three months before Rolfe arrives, a man is burned at the stake for killing his pregnant wife and planning to eat her.The English arrive unprepared for this new world and unwilling to perform manual labor. Instead of livestock, they've brought chemical tests for gold that they never find. And this is not their land. They build Jamestown in the middle of a Native American empire. 60 starving settlers among 20,000 of the Powhatan Nation, armed with bows and arrows that are up to nine times faster to reload and fire than an English musket. They're soon enemies. Only one in ten of the original settlers is left. John Rolfe didn't come to plunder and leave like the others. He's got his own plan. There's money in tobacco, and England is addicted. He's arrived with a supply of South American tobacco seeds, but growing it is limited to the Spanish colonies. The Spanish control the worldwide trade.Selling tobacco seeds to foreigners is punishable by death. But John Rolfe has got his hands on some.No one knows how. And in the warm, humid climate and fertile soil around the Chesapeake Bay, Rolfe's tobacco crop flourishes. The first large harvest produced by these seeds is worth more than a million dollars in today's money.The great strength of America is our people. If you wanna know what it is the defining strength of America, it is our people, our immigrant tradition, our bringing in cultures from all over the world.I know what goes into making success. And when somebody's really successful, it's rarely luck. It's talent, it's brain power, it's lots of other things.Rolfe marries the daughter of the king of the Powhatan Empire. Her name becomes legend: Pocahontas. In England, Rolfe makes her a celebrity when her face is put on a portrait that sells all over London, advertising life in the New World. Shakespeare mentions the colony. England's rich invest money here. All of London knows about this land of plenty. Within two years, tobacco grows in every garden. From a living hell, Jamestown is America's first boomtown. Two years later, nearly 1,000 more settlers arrive, including 19 from West Africa. Slaves. But some go on to own their own land in Virginia. 12 years after the founding of Jamestown, Africans were playing a shaping role in the creation of the colonies. That's pretty incredible. 30 years later, there are over 20,000 settlers in Virginia. America is founded on tobacco. For the next century and a half, it's the continent's largest export.Ten years after Rolfe arrives in Jamestown, another group of English settlers lands in North America. They come ashore on a deserted beach 450 miles up the coast from Jamestown, and call the place Plymouth, after the English port they sailed from. These are a different breed of settler, a group of religious dissidents with faith at the center of their lives. They made the dangerous Atlantic crossing, seeking religious freedom in the New World.24-year-old apprentice printer Edward Winslow arrives with a group of religious sectarians on a boat called the Mayflower. By April 1621, their settlement is taking shape. The Mayflower returns to England.The Pilgrims are on their own in an unknown land. A great hope and inward zeal we had of laying some great foundation for the propagating and advancing the gospel of the kingdom of Christ, in those remote parts of the world. They're 19 families. Goats, chickens, pigs and dogs. They have spinning wheels, chairs, books, guns. And no way home. If you create this environment as a land of opportunity, then you're gonna attract those type of people who wanna take that risk, whohave-- wanna take that gamble and who believe in a better life.They were heading for the Hudson River, but they've landed 200 miles further north at the beginning of winter. They have arrived in the middle of a mini ice age, temperatures 2 degrees colder than today. Winters are longer, growing seasons shorter. The soil is poor. Little grows. Food supplies run low. In the first three months, more than half the Pilgrims die.William Bradford is the governor of a community soon in desperate trouble. It pleased God to visit us with death daily. Disease was everywhere. The living were scarcely able to bury the dead. They died sometimes two or three a day. Of 100 and odd persons, scarce 50 remained. At times, only six are fit enough to continue building their shelters. Susanna White's husband dies that first winter. Edward Winslow's wife perishes a month after. Within weeks, White and Winslow marry. They'll have five children. Today more than 10% of all Americans can trace their ancestry back to the Mayflower. For a time, Plymouth provides the sanctuary they sought. “Edward! Edward! Edward, please go and look over there!” But like Jamestown, there were others here first.April 1621. The Pilgrims have been in the New World for five months. Barely half survive the first winter.But they're not the first Europeans to arrive on this coast. Five years before, European ships brought light-skinned people and plague. Almost nine out of ten of the local people are wiped out. The Pokanoket people don't need enemies. They make peace with the Pilgrims. They teach the English how to grow crops in sandy soil, using fish for fertilizer. But they want something in return. They have a common enemy--a rival tribe.And the English have powerful weapons. The Pilgrims aren't soldiers. But in the New World, they have to fight to survive. On August 14, 1621, Pilgrims and Pokanoket, shoulder to shoulder, will launch a surprise attack that will seal their future in this new land. It was resolved to send 14 men, well-armed, and to fall upon them in the night. The captain gave charge: Let none pass out. The rival tribe doesn't know what hit them. Surrounded, they have no answer for English firepower. Pokanoket and Pilgrims find common ground...and a chance to survive. Two unlikely allies. A partnership all too rare in North America.We have found the Indian very faithful in their covenant of peace with us. They are people without any religion or knowledge of any God, yet very trusty, quick of apprehension, ripe-witted... and just. Their victory brings a period of peace to the colony. Their friendship is celebrated in a feast. In time, it will become known as Thanksgiving.One of the main themes in the founding of America was a place to do business, a place to expand your horizons, a place to live a life of your own, practice your own religion. Those are the basic themes that brought people to these shores to colonize. It's the start of a period of prosperity, that will transform North America. From Jamestown and Plymouth, their descendants grow across the landscape. As more and more people cross the Atlantic--thousands, tens of thousands, people with different backgrounds, different reasons for being here...America becomes the place for everybody from everywhere.Rolling the dice, coming together to create 13 colonies. From Jamestown, agriculture spreads across the South, dirt farms transform into sprawling plantations. Irish, Germans, and Swedes push back the frontier. The Dutch bring commerce to a small island at the mouth of the Hudson River. In time, it will be named New York. The colonists are 2 inches taller, and far healthier, than those they left behind in Europe.The Puritans average eight children, and they are twice as likely to survive to adulthood. They are20% richer and pay only 1/4 of the taxes of those in England. Many still think of themselves as British, but each generation grows further from its roots. Nowhere more so than Boston.May 9, 1768. Seven generations after John Rolfe's first tobacco harvest, the British want a bigger piece of the action. A British customs official springs a surprise raid on The Liberty, a ship belonging to John Hancock, one of the richest men in Boston. But Hancock's crew has other ideas. They're carrying 100 casks of imported wine and don't want to pay duty. It's a radical act of rebellion against taxes imposed by a king 3,000 miles away. To the British, they're just common smugglers. This mall skirmish changes everything. The British seize Hancock's ship, triggering riots that sweep through Boston. We didn't wanna pay taxes to a king and to a parliament where we didn't have a voice, and we didn't have any representation. We have a natural resentment toward government, which was how we were born. The king sends 4,000 redcoats to Boston to enforce his laws. Boston was a city of commerce, culture, civilization, and revolution, unfolding right before the eyes of the colonists and the eyes of the British.October 1768. British soldiers clamp down on Boston, a port crucial to the British Empire...and a hub of global trade and commerce. Its dockyards are some of the busiest in the world, producing 200 ships a year from America's vast timber reserves. 1/3 of all British shipping is built in the colonies. Timber fuels the global economy...much like oil does today. Across New England, marks identify the tallest, strongest trees selected by the crown for British ships. England has lost most of its forests. It wants American wood. In Boston, there's one redcoat for every four citizens. It's a city under occupation. Paul Revere is a silversmith and one of Boston's prominent businessmen...an unlikely subversive. They formed and marched with insolent parade, drums beating, fifes playing, and colors flying, each soldier having received 16 rounds of powder and ball.He is an upper-middle-class figure, someone who has risen through his own efforts, his own talent. He represents what we have created on our own with very little help from our cousins across the Atlantic. But when revolution comes to North America...Revere will beat the center of it.Boston and the 13 colonies are an economic powerhouse, critical to Britain. Nearly 40% of everything exported from Britain, makes its way to America. The fishing fleet ships thousands of tons of salted cod to the Caribbean. Returns with sugar and molasses...raw material for rum. Taxed by the British after every exchange. In Africa, rum is the currency used to purchase the most profitable cargo of all...African slaves.Between 1700 and 1800, more than 1/4 of a million Africans are brought to the American colonies. More slaves than all those who came of their own free will. Most wind up on large plantations in the South. But they're also critical to the economy of the North. 10% of Boston's population is black. Boston is a melting pot, and tension is building.Nobody likes invaders in their homes. To have people here, foreigners on your soil, is something-- is a great incentive for people to fight. March 5, 1770. After three days of unrest, an angry mob roams the streets. Hundreds of men who lost their jobs and blame the British gather on King Street and face off against eight redcoats with orders not to fire. What's about to happen will change America forever. A 17-year-old wig maker's apprentice, Edward Garrick, lights the fuse.This is how wars start. Come on, let's have it! Private Hugh Montgomery is hit with a club. An African-American, Crispus Attucks, dies instantly. Everybody, run! When the smoke clears, four more are dead. How Boston reacts will change the course of history. Silversmith and political radical Paul Revere captures the moment British soldiers kill five colonists in the streets of Boston.His engraving will fuel the fires of revolution as outrage spreads across the 13 colonies. Unhappy Boston see thy sons deplore, thy hallowed walks besmeared with guiltless gore, whilst faithless Preston and his savage bands, with murderous rancor, stretch their bloody hands. The most formidable army in the world firing on an unarmed crowd. An explosive image with a title that says it all: "The Bloody Massacre." There was the old joke, "You give me a picture, I'll give you a war." Those who wanted to stir things up and to make a statement and maybe even lead a revolution, it made them able to rally others to their side.News spreads fast. The colonists are avid readers, a legacy from the first Bible-reading Puritans in Plymouth. Boston has the first weekly newspaper. There are now more than 40 papers across the colonies. And the new postmaster general, Benjamin Franklin...has introduced a revolutionary postal-delivery system. Night riders cut the delivery time in half. The communications network connecting the colonies is one of the best in the world. And the British have no idea. They hope the news can be contained. Before news reaches England, most of America knows about the Boston Massacre. It's a very American spirit of an idea, this idea that everybody should have access to knowledge. It's very much like that pioneering idea, everybody should be able to make their way in the world. A printer in Connecticut can read the exact same story as a farmer in North Carolina.December 1773. "The Boston Gazette" breaks another story, that will fan the flames of rebellion. The rising tide of anger and resentment forces England's hand. They repeal all taxes...except one, on tea. It's not enough. In one of the most famous acts of resistance in American history, Rebels dump over $1 million worth of tea in Boston Harbor. When someone comes along and smacks us, we don't turn the other cheek. That's not who we are. Move it! The British respond by shutting down Boston Harbor...one of America's busiest, wealthiest ports. Come on, lad. Hundreds lose their jobs. The British mean to strangle any resistance from the rebellious colony of Massachusetts. America is about to change forever. Tensions escalate far beyond Boston. Settlers are pushing west. Many have their eyes set on new land west of the Appalachians. But to protect Native American lands, England has banned settlements, along a boundary called the Proclamation Line. Hundreds are evicted from their homes on the frontier.September 5, 1774. We want liberty...Incensed at the British actions, 56 delegates from across the colonies gather at the First Continental Congress in Philadelphia. It's the first step on the road to American democracy. Among them are John Adams, Patrick Henry, and a gentleman landowner from Virginia named George Washington. At a time when our lordly masters in Great Britain will be satisfied with nothing less than the deprivation of American freedom, it seems highly necessary that something should be done to maintain liberty. Across New England, people prepare to defend themselves. Smuggled arms are collected and stashed in secret hideaways. But while many expect conflict, most delegates in Philadelphia want peace with Britain. A military action would make a wound that would never be healed. That's good, we don't have all day, let's go, come on. The First Continental Congress resolves that a British attack on any one colony will be regarded as an attack on all of them. What emerges at Philadelphia is solidarity. The distinctions between Virginians, Pennsylvanians, New Englanders, and New Yorkers are no more. I'm not a Virginian. I am an American. The future of the 13 American colonies hangs in the balance.Spring 1775. Near Concord, Massachusetts. Get in here, get those weapons stacked up. We haven't got all day. Local gunsmith Isaac Davis puts the town militia through basic training. The American patriots knew that they were doing the right thing. You're starting the birth of a nation. You had toreally believe in what you were doing. You've gotta keep this clean here, sir. If you keep that clean, it'll save your life. If war comes, this will be America's first line of defense. A volunteer home guard with weapons paid for by local citizens. Gentlemen, it's looking good, it's looking good. Let's have some breakfast and move out. They're farmers, blacksmiths, and store owners. A fighting force of ordinary Americans. The militiamen of any of the colonies were made up of just its citizens. It was a citizen-based protection unit. And some of them had some skills, but some of them were just the carpenters. Some of them were just the mason or the blacksmith. I mean, these were the guys that--they had something at stake to protect their colony. So they started to form together, just trying to help protect each other. Every town across the colonies has its own militia, but now they're preparing to defend themselves against the British Army. Better than yesterday, better than yesterday. For six generations across Massachusetts, men are expected to serve as militiamen. In Massachusetts, 1/3 of all men between 16 and 50 are ready to bear arms at a minute's notice. Excellent, good shot. We keep this up, we're gonna give those redcoats a scare, all right? The British will not stand for any armed resistance.April 19, 1775. After midnight, 900 redcoats leave their barracks in Boston for Lexington and Concord, about 20 miles away. Their orders: Arrest the rebel leaders and seize their weapons. News of the British attack also reaches Paul Revere. His midnight ride will alert local militias. Revere rides ahead of the British troops. His warning spreads from town to town, across the New England countryside. Paul Revere reaches Lexington... in time to spread the word. The British are coming. We need to warn the militia. Get 'em together. Come on! By five in the morning, 60 militiamen line up. They're commanded by a farmer, John Parker. They're faced off against hundreds of well-armed and highly experienced British soldiers. What happens next will transform the world forever.Sunrise, April 19, 1775. On one side 60 men, poorly armed and barely trained. On the other, hundreds of the most powerful army in the world. Men who have only been active for a handful of months, An army that in the past 20 years has fought on five continents and defeated everything in its path. For these Rebels, the fight is for nothing less than freedom itself. These guys were revolutionaries, they were scallywags, they were rebels, some of them were gentlemen farmers, some of them were overeducated, some of them were undereducated. It really was the birth of a nation. The Lexington Militia gathers on the village common. Dairy farmers and shopkeepers. But also among them are free African-Americans and slaves.It is a unique experience that African-Americans have had in the military in America. African-Americans fought for the country, even before it was a country. African-Americans like Prince Estabrook. Give me training. You give me a weapon, and I can perform as well as you can. Then there's no power on Earth that's gonna hold me down forever. Stand your ground. Don't fire unless fired upon. But if we mean to have war, let it begin here. Captain John Parker once fought on the side of the British. 1/4 of the men standing at his side are related to him. No one knows who fires the first shot at Lexington...but it's the shot heard 'round the world. I mean, the redcoats, that's intimidating, the way they move, the way they march, the way they execute on that open space. I imagine, on some level, for the guy who works the printing press, this is overwhelming beyond anything you could possibly articulate in words.Fire! Prince Estabrook is hit in the first volley. No army in the world can stand toe-to-toe with the British, let alone a ragtag militia. Fire! The British fired up to four times the rate of the militia. Within minutes of the first shots fired at Lexington, eight Patriots are dead, ten wounded. TheAmerican Revolution has begun. The redcoats reach Concord at 9:00 in the morning. Acting on a tipoff from colonists loyal to the crown, they raid the militia's arms stash. But the Rebels have got there first...hiding almost everything.That's good, we don't have all day, let's go, come on. They continue to search for weapons, giving the Patriots more time to spread the word. The militia gathers just outside the town of Concord. By late morning, more than 1,000 have arrived from the surrounding villages. Their plan, to defend their towns against the British. Let's go! The British soldiers left their barracks 15 hours ago. And now they face a 20-mile march back to Boston. The Shattered lives...an occupied city...blood in the streets of Boston...and now Lexington. A people unified in the fight against tyranny. Now the Patriots have their chance. Gunsmith and militia leader Isaac Davis takes a bullet through the heart. The Patriots seize the upper hand and intend to make the British soldiers pay. They shadow the redcoats' march, firing on them the entire way. A third are killed or wounded. Seven generations after the first settlers left England, in search of prosperity and freedom, their descendants will have to fight for these rights. Standing in their way is the might of the world's greatest military superpower. And they're not about to give up their colonies lightly.A ragtag bunch of rebels faces the greatest military superpower of the day. It's a war they never should have won. This is the secret history of how they did it---daring, leadership, new ways of fighting and true American grit.Episode TwoNew York City. Gateway to North America. Today the financial capital of the world. Population: Eight Million people. In 1776, this is a city of just 20,000. It will soon become the battleground for the biggest land invasion in American history.Three miles from Wall Street, where 23rd Street crosses Lexington Avenue today the Rebels dig in to defend New York at Kips Bay. Commander of the Rebel Army is General George Washington. He has already driven the British out of Boston. A surprise victory against superior forces. But they'll be back.The hour is fast approaching on which the honor and success of this army, and the safety of our bleeding country depend. Joseph Plumb Martin enlisted in the Rebel forces at 15 inspired to fight under Washington's command. A farm boy, he joins thousands of untrained volunteers. Our Revolutionary Army was quite something. It was-- in a nation that wasn't really a nation yet, just starting out, and we took on the greatest superpower of the time. Washington's ragtag troops are about to face he best-equipped and most powerful fighting force in the world.June 29th. 45 British warships mass off Staten Island. Bearing down on New York City,the ultimate war machine of its day, the British ship-of-the-line. Each ship is made from over 2,000 century-old trees. Each carries hundreds more soldiers to the fight against the colonies. And each is armed with up to 64 heavy cannons capable of hurling a 24-pound cannonball at the speed of sound, delivering it to targets over a mile away. One ship-of-the-line costs the equivalent of a modern aircraft carrier. Another 350 British ships are racing across the Atlantic to join them. The British want to terrify the Rebels into submission. Instead, they inspire them to resist. On July 2nd, there's a crisis meeting in Philadelphia. 50 delegates elected to the Continental Congress from the 13 colonies hold an emergency session. They include radicals like Ben Franklin,Thomas Jefferson and John Adams. What they're debating is nothing less than high treason--totalindependence from Britain. The penalty is death. We are in the midst of a revolution, the most complete in the history of the world. It's the birth of American democracy. We have to expect a great expanse of blood to obtain it. Some don't believe the Rebels stand a chance. We are about to brave the storm in a skiff made of paper. But the doubters are outnumbered nearly five to one.On July 4, 1776, the delegates ratify a document that will change the world, the Declaration of Independence. We hold these truths to be self-evident, that all men are created equal, that they are endowed by their Creator with certain unalienable Rights."Now think about that. They're saying that your rights come not from the king, not from the government, your rights come from God and furthermore, they can't be taken away from you. They're unalienable. Every group: blacks, women, gays--everybody looks to the Declaration as a way of saying we are Americans, too. So the Declaration is the American creed. that among these are "Life"，"Liberty"and "the pursuit of Happiness." You cannot help but be stirred when you read those words. And you feel the excitement of being on the cusp of something so profound. We can be free. Now soldiers like Plumb Martin have something worth fighting for.On July 12th, two British warships open fire on New York City. It must have been quite a shock because New York, up to that point, was pretty quiet city. It was a business city. So you had significant support for the Rebels but also significant support for the people who were still loyal to the king. A month later, Joseph Reed, secretary to George Washington, tracks the British fleet massing off New York. Over 400 ships,the largest British Naval task force until D-day. 32,000 British troops prepare to storm Manhattan Island. They outnumber Patriot forces two to one. Just five of the biggest British ships carry more firepower than all the Patriot guns in the city. Reed is awed by the sight. When I look down and see the prodigious fleet they have collected, I cannot help being astonished that a people should come 3,000 miles at such risk, trouble and expense to rob, plunder and destroy another people because they will not lay their lives and fortune at their feet. It's the biggest attack on New York City until September 11, 2001. But the Rebels will stand and fight. The difference for me was that the British Army was fighting for a king and the Americans were fighting for their lives.Plumb Martin is one of 500 men standing guard at Kips Bay. Have a look. The first thing that saluted our eyes was all four ships at anchor within musket shot of us. "The Phoenix".I could read her name as distinctly as though I was directly underneath her stern.Pull out your gun! The assault begins.September 1776. New York is under fire. In one hour...2,500 British cannonballs smash the Rebel defenses at Kips Bay. 4,000 British troops storm Manhattan. Tough and battle-hardened, a British redcoat has six times more combat experience than a Patriot Army recruit. Get back in your lines! Washington watches his army collapse. Hold the line, men! They retreat along an ancient Native American path that will later be known as Broadway.September 20th. New York, now in British hands, burns. No one knows who starts the fire...but over two days it destroys a quarter of the city. It gives you a sense of the people who wanted to be free, how much they were willing to endure. The city being burned, the city being occupied. Gives you a sense of how much they wanted freedom. More than 3,000 Patriot POWs are thrown into prison ships in New York Harbor. The most notorious isthe HMS Jersey, nicknamed "Hell." One prisoner, Robert Sheffield, escaped to tell the tale. The air was so foul that at times a lamp could not be kept burning, by reason of which the bodies were not missed until they had been dead ten days. Nine in ten prisoners die. There is a memorial over。
THE STORY OF US字幕(美国：我们的故事第4集-- 分裂)
[43:53.08] 第四集分裂[43:54.98][43:55.14]1825年1825.[43:56.83][43:57.14]全世界迎来了现代化的曙光All over the world, the modern era is being born. [44:00.13][44:01.12]工业革命来临It's the Industrial Revolution.[44:02.85][44:03.62]美国努力迎头追赶America is racing to catch up.[44:06.22][44:09.31]在纽约州北部In upstate New York,[44:10.97]一条人工运河正在郊野中开凿a man-made river is cutting through the wilderness. [44:13.81][44:14.65]伊利运河是四千年来The Erie Canal is the biggest construction project[44:18.17]西方世界规模最大的建筑工程in the Western world in the last 4,000 years.[44:21.28][44:24.32]全长超过300英里完全由手工开凿Over 300 miles long, dug entirely by hand, [44:27.65][44:27.97]而当时美国连一名像样的工程师都没有and America lacks a single qualified engineer.[44:31.66][44:33.12]美国人The United States of America[44:35.45]不会让大自然阻挡他们的去路isn't about to let nature stand in its way.[44:37.26][44:37.72]我认为美国精神是I think of the spirit of America[44:40.53]想象力与毅力的完美结合being imagination combined with tenacity.[44:44.04][44:38.43] 迈克尔·道格拉斯[著名演员][44:43.20][44:44.44]人们有兢兢业业的工作精神There's a strong work ethic,[44:47.09]有可以尽情施展的创造力a wonderful freedom of creation,[44:50.23]加上脑力与体力相得益彰combined with the mental muscle and physical labor. [44:55.07]对我来说它是人类精神的最高体现So to me, it represents the best of the human spirit.[44:59.92][45:02.48]然而大自然并不见得愿意合作But the land doesn't always cooperate.[45:04.85][45:05.73]一道60英尺高的石灰岩壁挡住了去路A wall of solid limestone 60 feet high. [45:09.31][45:15.20]仅仅30英里开外就是终点伊利湖Just 30 miles from the finish line, Lake Erie. [45:19.00][45:21.16]运河将会改变一切The canal will change everything,[45:22.81][45:23.08]将整个美国中部与大西洋连接起来linking the Atlantic Ocean to the whole middle of[45:26.47][45:28.02]它改变人们的居住地点和人生追求It changes where people live, and why,[45:30.09][45:31.56]把整个北方变成了全球经济中心and turns the North into a global economic powerhouse.[45:35.22][45:39.40]主持运河开凿的The man behind the canal[45:40.89]是满腔热忱的纽约州州长德威特·克林顿is New York's gung-ho governor, Dewitt Clinton.[45:43.76][45:46.70]出身富庶之家的他坚信一切皆可为Born to wealth, he won't take no for an answer. [45:49.88][45:51.48]他有志当总统He wants to be president.[45:52.90][45:52.95]却最终在纽约州长任上尽心竭力了20年Instead, he runs New York for 20 years. [45:56.03][45:56.71]美国历史上出现过许多独具慧眼的领导人America was blessed with many inspirational leaders,[45:59.49][45:59.50]我认为德威特·克林顿and I think Dewitt Clinton[46:00.81][46:00.82]深知纽约州的发展对美国意义重大had a real sense of how important new York could be for America.[46:04.43][45:59.39] 鲁道夫·W·朱利安尼[前纽约市市长][46:03.05][46:09.43]克林顿的愿景是让纽约州富起来Clinton's vision: to make New York rich.[46:12.34][46:15.82]从政治层面说开凿运河就像一场豪赌Politically, the canal is a huge gamble. [46:18.63][46:18.90]舆论纷纷抨击这项危险而又昂贵的工程It's savaged in the press as dangerous and too expensive.[46:21.95][46:22.24]他们将其戏称为"克林顿的大沟" They call it "Clinton's big ditch."[46:24.45][46:24.46]而这条"大沟"将永远改变纽约州But it will change New York forever.[46:27.14]这一工程比人类迄今为止所完成的It is a work more stupendous,[46:29.07][46:29.37]任何工程都更伟大更壮观more magnificent, and more beneficial[46:32.77][46:33.04]并能产生更多效益than has hither to been achieved by the human race.[46:36.13][46:38.37]所谓创业精神就是Entrepreneurship is about doing things[46:41.10] 迈克尔·R·彭博[纽约市市长][46:43.80][46:41.64]尽管你不知道结果怎样when you don't know what it's gonna look like,[46:43.38][46:43.39]也不知道该如何着手you don't know what it's gonna be made of,[46:44.79]你所凭借的只是一种直觉you just have this instinct[46:46.49]一种充满必胜信心的直觉that you can do it and it'll work.[46:47.85]这群人很有远见并且敢想敢做Those guys had visions and did it.[46:50.37][46:53.89]5万人50,000 men.[46:55.22]1100万立方码的石块11 million cubic yards of rock.[46:57.69]玫瑰碗球场可容纳92,542人[46:59.69][46:57.69]足以填满26000个玫瑰碗球场Enough to fillthe Rose Bowl 26,000 times.[47:01.54][47:07.39]工人中有很多是爱尔兰移民Crews are filled with Irish immigrants.[47:09.39][47:10.57]大卫·吉尔罗伊在这里挣的钱是家乡的5倍David Gilroy makes five times what he can earn back home,[47:14.41]但这是项危险的工作but it's hazardous work.[47:16.79][47:17.68]他们其实是在移山They're literally moving mountains,[47:19.99][47:20.00]而唯一可行的办法就是用火药and there's only one way through-- gunpowder. [47:23.66][47:24.03]这是一种由硝酸盐木炭及硫磺制成的A highly combustible mix of[47:26.74]极易燃的混合物nitrate, charcoal and sulfur.[47:28.67][47:29.12]一旦配比出错后果就是致命的The wrong proportions can be lethal.[47:31.79][47:43.14]只有一项工作比There's only one job[47:44.17]比点燃导火索更危险that's more dangerous than lighting the fuse...[47:46.52][47:48.59]那就是回去再点一次going back to relight it.[47:50.42][48:09.42]为了克服恐惧工人们喜欢喝酒To cope, workers drink.[48:11.53][48:11.99]威士忌能缓解紧张Whiskey calms the nerves--[48:14.31]同时也会麻痹大脑and clouds the brain.[48:15.63][48:16.12]一名英国游客不敢相信An English tourist can't believe[48:18.07]他们在执行爆破工作的时候还敢喝酒they're mixing alcohol and explosives. [48:20.65][48:21.00]这些爱尔兰工人变得越发莽撞大胆The Irish laborers grew so reckless of life, [48:23.49]以至于当听到爆炸的信号时that at the signal for blasting,[48:25.02][48:25.86]他们只不过拿铲子在头顶挡一下they would just hold their shovels over their heads. [48:28.01][48:36.24]我认为成长在美国I think when you're brought up in America,[48:37.75][48:36.75] 肖恩·康姆斯[著名歌手绰号"吹牛老爹"][48:40.75][48:38.03]就是成长在一段辛勤劳动的历史之中you're brought up on the history of hard work. [48:40.50][48:41.00]有那么多的移民There are so many immigrants[48:42.79]为建设这个国家献出了生命that have died to build this country.[48:45.17][48:45.52]这种精神流淌在我们美国人的血液中That's in our bloodstream,[48:47.00]深藏在我们美国人的基因里that's in our DNA as Americans.[48:48.39][48:48.67]我们不想让先辈们的牺牲付诸东流We don't want their lives to go in vain.[48:50.47][48:50.48]因此我们会比其他人更勤劳Because of that, we usually work harder than anybody else.[48:54.01][48:58.30]八年的开凿Eight years of digging.[48:59.44][48:59.77]近千人的牺牲Nearly a thousand lives lost.[49:01.43][49:01.74]七百万美元的投入相当于如今的一亿美元$7 million, more than 100 million today.[49:05.17][49:05.61]换来了伊利运河于1825年的顺利通航The Erie Canal opens in 1825,[49:08.55][49:08.56]一个工程史上的奇迹诞生了 a miracle of engineering,[49:10.79]东部和中西部从此连为一体connecting East and Midwest.[49:13.48]运河立刻成为了一条推动经济的高速公路It's an instant economic superhighway. [49:16.00][49:16.22]每年有总价值1500万美元的货物来往于河上$15 million of goods a year flow along the canal.[49:20.27][49:21.16]沿岸的小村庄迅速发展成了发达的城市Villages along the canal boom into dynamic cities--[49:24.59][49:24.60]水牛城锡拉丘兹和罗切斯特Buffalo, Syracuse and Rochester.[49:27.32][49:29.50]物价大幅下降最大降幅达到95% Goods crash in price, up to 95%.[49:34.05]昔日不得不自给自足的边陲小镇A frontier that had to be self-sufficient[49:36.27]如今各种商品应有尽有can now buy anything they want.[49:38.72][49:41.40]繁荣之火开始燎原Prosperity is on the move.[49:43.37][49:46.06]纽约市变成了一座繁华都市New York City becomes a boomtown.[49:48.65][49:53.56]华尔街迅速崛起成为了世界金融中心Wall Street takes off as a global financial center.[49:56.80][49:59.83]城市规模扩大了4倍The city quadruples in size...[50:02.04][50:04.44]并一举超越新奥尔良成为全国第一大港口and surpasses New Orleans as the nation's number-one port.[50:08.57][50:14.22]这里财富聚集There's so much money around,[50:16.01][50:16.32]"百万富翁"一词就是1840年在这里诞生的the word "Millionaire" is invented in 1840.[50:20.18][50:22.35]伊利运河仍在影响着今天的纽约州The Erie Canal still shapes New York today. [50:24.99][50:25.56]其北部80%的人口80% of the upstate population[50:27.14]依然生活在运河25英里的流域范围内still lives within 25 miles of it.[50:30.52][50:37.00]向南数百英里Hundreds of miles to the south,[50:38.65][50:39.07]一种小型作物正在创造另一种经济腾飞a small plant is creating another economic boom.[50:42.63][50:43.00]棉花Cotton.[50:44.04][50:44.22]然而这种作物也导致了后来的国家分裂But this one will eventually tear the nation apart.[50:47.71][50:49.79]棉花原产于热带地区Cotton is native to tropical regions,[50:51.85][50:52.13]因此美国南部各州成为了理想的种植区making the Southern states of the US a perfect breeding ground.[50:55.73][50:58.43]棉花有价值的部分是The valued part is the soft fiber[51:00.69]紧密地长在这种灌木黏性种子周围的柔软纤维which grows tightly around the shrub's sticky seeds.[51:05.58]全世界有30个棉花品种There are 30 species worldwide.[51:07.34][51:08.32]引进种植不成问题Growing it is no problem,[51:09.66][51:12.39]但是加工这些纤维并使之能纺织成布料but processing the fiber before it can be spun into cloth[51:15.77][51:15.78]则需要大量劳动力is labor-intensive.[51:17.23][51:17.93]特别是在除去棉籽时Especially, separating the seeds.[51:19.93][51:20.92]多年来只能通过手工来完成For years, it could only be done by hand.[51:23.73][51:24.16]仅分离一磅棉花就需要一整天的劳动One pound took an entire day.[51:26.48][51:28.34]1794年3月4日一项简单的发明A simple patent filed on March 4, 1794, [51:32.01][51:32.02]改变了这一切changes all that.[51:33.04][51:35.61]轧棉机The cotton gin.[51:36.54][51:38.00]它实现了加工过程自动化It automates the process[51:39.47][51:39.48]也加深了国家的分裂and deeply divides the country.[51:41.95][51:42.12]轧棉机不仅改变了美国The cotton gin transformed not only America,[51:44.35]也改变了世界but the world.[51:46.03]利用机器进行大规模生产的理念The concept of mass production using a machine [51:49.96]从此开始在各地流行just exploded everywhere.[51:52.43][51:46.66] 伍迪·诺里斯[发明家][51:50.66][51:53.50]一个工人现在能加工比从前多50倍的棉花One man can now process 50 times more cotton.[51:57.20][51:57.49]整个南方的棉产量因此突飞猛进Output skyrockets all over the South.[52:00.18][52:03.50]1830年美国棉产量占世界总产量的一半In 1830, America is producing half the world's cotton.[52:07.11][52:07.67]到1850 这一比例接近四分之三By 1850, it's nearly 3/4.[52:10.91][52:15.29]被喻为"白色黄金"的棉花Called white gold,[52:16.58]给南方带来了一种新式的奢华生活cotton supports a new lavish lifestyle in the South.[52:20.21][52:22.30]到1850年By 1850,[52:23.51]密西西比州的纳奇兹市的人均百万富翁数量there are more millionaires per capita in Natchez, Mississippi,[52:27.02]比全世界任何一个地方都要多than anywhere else on Earth.[52:28.86][52:31.63]城里最富有的人拥有4万英亩田地The richest man in town owns 40,000 acres, [52:34.76][52:34.77]几乎是曼哈顿岛的3倍大nearly three times the size of Manhattan Island.[52:37.83][52:43.30]南方的迅速繁荣The South is thriving[52:45.90]离不开一种人剥削人的制度on the backs of humans owning other humans.[52:48.51]也就是奴隶制It's called slavery.[52:50.69][52:51.75]北方也受到了南方繁荣的影响The North is implicated in the South's success. [52:55.38][52:58.84]工业发达的北方从南方的棉花中获益The industrial North is profiting from Southern cotton,[53:02.15][53:04.00]而对奴隶制却视而不见but turns a blind eye to slavery.[53:06.28][53:07.93]开国元勋中的许多人自己就是奴隶主Many of them slave owners themselves, [53:09.99][53:10.27]他们以为奴隶制会很快消失the Founding Fathers assumed slavery would soon disappear.[53:14.22][53:14.90]奴隶制在英国已经被废除了20年Slavery has already been abolished for 20 years in Britain[53:18.63]而且在欧洲的大多数地区属于违法and is outlawed across most of Europe.[53:20.80][53:21.09]但由于棉产量的剧增But with the cotton explosion,[53:22.82][53:23.11]奴隶制变得对南方经济极其重要slavery becomes critical to the Southern economy. [53:25.88][53:29.26]现在每个奴隶可以创造比以前多50倍的利润Each slave is now 50 times more profitable.[53:32.61][53:32.98]在轧棉机问世前只卖300美元的奴隶A slave who sold for $300 before the cotton gin[53:36.37]到1860年可以卖到近2000美元goes for nearly 2,000 by 1860.[53:39.25]人们没有真正意识到这一点People don't really realize this,[53:40.37] 詹姆斯·梅格斯[《大众机械》杂志总编[53:43.37][53:40.51]在轧棉机发明之前but slavery was actually on the decline in the South[53:42.50][53:42.51]奴隶制在南方实际是在逐渐衰退的prior to the invention of the cotton gin,[53:44.39]然而轧棉机使得棉花种植如此有利可图but then once the cotton gin made it so practical to grow cotton,[53:48.60]突然间所有南方农场主all of a sudden, every farmer in the South[53:50.59][53:50.60]都想尽可能地多种棉花wanted to plant as much cotton as possible.[53:52.58][53:54.55]然而过度种植导致了土地贫瘠But overproduction is destroying the land.[53:56.69][53:58.17]棉花种植向西部肥沃的土地进发Cotton heads west in search of fertile soil,[54:01.49]并带去了奴隶制bringing slavery with it.[54:03.42][54:06.12]而北方的废奴势力则要维护边远地区的自由But antislavery forces in the North want to keep the frontier free.[54:10.65][54:11.09]废奴战争的第一枪即将打响The stage is set for the first battles in the war over slavery.[54:15.56][54:24.90]棉花改变了美国人的生活方式Cotton is changing the way Americans live.[54:27.80][54:28.80]不久以后它还会带来国家的分裂In time, it will blow the nation apart.[54:31.82][54:33.26]对南方来说棉花就是金矿For the South, cotton is a gold mine.[54:35.92][54:36.20]而现在北方也想来分一杯羹Now the North wants a piece of the action.[54:38.49][54:38.77]这种互利共赢的合作关系It's a partnership that makes everyone rich,[54:41.54][54:42.60]建立在一种新型机器的基础上based on a new machine,[54:44.76]动力织布机the power loom.[54:45.48][54:48.34]运进来的是粗制棉绒Raw cotton comes in,[54:49.67]送出去的是精美的布料finished cloth goes out.[54:51.13][54:51.42]一切都在一个车间内完成All under one roof.[54:53.40][54:54.72]现代工厂诞生了The modern factory is born.[54:56.82][55:00.56]马萨诸塞州的洛威尔Lowell, Massachusetts,[55:01.88]这个纺织业发达的城市有着"纺锤之城"的美称is called the city of spindles, a textiles boomtown.[55:06.55]人口在短短15年内Population explodes[55:07.88]由1820年的200人骤增至近20000人from 200 in 1820 to nearly 20,000 in just 15 years.[55:13.99][55:14.55]城里超过三分之一的人在工厂里工作More than a third of the town works in the mills.[55:16.84][55:17.60]其中85%是15岁至25岁的单身女性85% are single women between 15 and 25. [55:21.36][55:23.04]哈丽特·罗宾逊只有10岁Harriet Robinson is ten.[55:24.75][55:25.05]父亲死后她就进了工厂When her father dies, she goes to work at the mill. [55:28.32][55:29.76]那情景历历在目我在走廊里来回穿梭I can see myself now, racing down the alley, [55:32.77]奔走于纺机之间between the spinning frames,[55:34.65]搬着个比自己还大的线筒箱carrying in front of me a bobbin box bigger than I was. [55:38.33]妇女第一次可以通过劳动挣钱Women earn money for the first time.[55:41.65][55:42.13]哈丽特的工钱帮助补贴家用Harriet's wages help supporther family.[55:44.64][55:45.04]工业化改变着每个人的生活Industrialization is changing everyone's lives.[55:48.65][55:51.45]所有女童工的收入都得到了合理利用All the mill girls make good use of their money.[55:53.79][55:54.06]家里的抵押被赎回来了The mortgage is lifted from the homestead,[55:56.34]农舍也被粉刷一新the farmhouse is painted.[55:57.73][55:58.00]女童工的收入能贴补守寡的母亲Mill girls help maintain widowed mothers[56:00.24]或者酗酒或者伤残的父亲and drunken or invalid fathers.[56:02.07][56:06.00]我们每周能挣2美元We were paid $2 a week.[56:07.71]当轮到我站在线筒箱上时Oh, how proud I was when[56:09.03]我是多么激动啊it came to my turn to stand up on the bobbin-box.[56:11.61][56:12.81]当妇女到纺织厂制线厂真正参与生产劳动时When women really joined the workforce in the cotton mills and the thread factories,[56:19.04][56:16.30] 玛莎·斯图尔特[著名女企业家有"家政女王"之称][56:19.30][56:19.31]这使她们有机会挣脱传统束缚I think it gave women an opportunity to get out,[56:23.13]并认真考虑自力更生了be serious about being bread winners.[56:25.61][56:25.81]这改变了整个美国的社会格局And it changed the whole fabric of America.[56:28.88][56:30.50]纺织工厂还掀起了美国人的服装革命The mills also revolutionize how Americans dress.[56:33.96][56:36.05]廉价棉布的大量生产Mass production of cheap cotton fabrics[56:38.69]振兴了美国的服装业spawns America's clothing industry.[56:40.88][56:42.29]以前大多数家庭的衣服都是自制的Previously, most families made their own clothes.[56:45.25]现在人们开始购买成衣Now, people buy ready-to-wear.[56:47.17][56:47.80]东方潮流取代了鹿皮大衣Eastern fashions replace buckskin.[56:50.20][56:50.55]到1850年By 1850,[56:52.04]服装业成了纽约市最大的制造业men's clothing is the largest manufacturing industry in New York City.[56:55.72][56:56.00]作为美国人我最自豪的一点就是For me, what makes me proudest to be an American[56:59.38][56:57.38] 吉米·威尔士[维基百科创始人之一][57:00.38][56:59.38]美国精神中的高效和乐观is that American spirit of productivity, optimism,[57:03.29]坚信人定胜天前景光明this idea that the world doesn't have to be doom and gloom,[57:06.52]我们可以利用科技让生活更美好that we can use technology to make our lives better.[57:09.09][57:11.45]时装并不是来自纺织厂的唯一新事物Fashion isn't the only innovation to come out of the mills.[57:14.61][57:15.00]这里发明的技术直接导致了硅谷的诞生Technology developed here will lead straight to Silicon Valley.[57:18.87][57:19.19]织布机上首创了穿孔卡用于生产带花纹的布料Looms pioneer punch cards to produce patterned fabric.[57:23.00][57:25.02]卡上的每个孔Each hole in the card tells[57:26.49]决定织机是否使用不同颜色的纺线the loom to use a different-colored thread, a yes-no decision.[57:30.68][57:31.38]这就是二进制代码所有现代计算机的基础It's binary code, the basis of all modern computers.[57:35.69][57:37.28]计算机和互联网的诞生The birth of the computer and Internet[57:39.45]都始于棉纺工厂里的织机began in cotton mills with these looms.[57:42.60][57:43.29]我认为在美国历史上的每一个You know, in every major development,[57:47.18][57:44.80] 约翰·拉萨特[皮克斯和迪斯尼公司创意总监][57:47.80][57:47.18]重要的发展时期I think, in the history of America,[57:49.33]科技都起到了核心作用technology has been at the center of it.[57:53.69][57:58.00]尽管轮班时间长达12个小时Despite 12-hour shifts,[57:59.47]工厂还是给妇女们带来了无限的机遇the factories offer a new world of opportunity for women.[58:02.53][58:03.83]她们通过更多的阅读和交流来提高自己They are reading more, talking more, educating themselves.[58:07.39][58:08.52]没错在上工时间读书是违规的Yeah, reading books on factory time was against the rules,[58:12.40]但我们把书藏在围裙口袋和废料桶里but we hid books in apron pockets and waste baskets.[58:15.81]有时我们也把诗贴在织机上背诵Sometimes we pasted poems on our looms to memorize.[58:19.29]美国社会第一次听到了她们的声音And for the first time in America, their voices are heard.[58:23.56][58:26.54]1836年10月October 1836.[58:28.59]洛威尔纺织厂的女工下班后有组织地聚集起来Women from the Lowell Mills gather after work and organize.[58:32.87]她们反对降薪的抗议Their protest against wage cuts[58:34.76]是美国历史上最早的罢工之一is one of the first strikes in US history.[58:37.72][58:39.38]最后她们赢了And they will win.[58:40.27][58:40.94]工厂老板作出了让步The mill boss is back down.[58:42.57][58:43.61]新一代的年轻女性后来成为了老师A generation of young women go on to become teachers,[58:46.65]作家甚至大学毕业生writers and even college graduates.[58:49.37][58:49.87]哈丽特·罗宾逊后来成了争取妇女参政权的领军人物Harriet Robinson will become a leading suffragette,[58:53.95]并在国会前作证and testify before Congress.[58:55.67][58:58.21]她们是第一批They're the first wave in a movement[58:59.88][58:59.89]争取妇女选举权运动的发起者that results in women getting the vote.[59:02.12][59:04.07]照亮她们夜间秘密会议的灯光Their secret meetings at night are only possible [59:06.85]来自一种非凡生物点燃的油灯with the light from lamps powered by an extraordinary creature.[59:10.54][59:15.10]鲸油照亮了夜晚Whale oil opened up the night,[59:16.69][59:16.70]正如许多其它革命性的新发明一样and like so many really transformative technological innovations,[59:20.43][59:16.70] 詹姆斯·梅格斯[《大众机械》杂志总编][59:19.70][59:20.43]它使人们更加自由it expanded human freedom.[59:21.86]它为人们开拓了一条多劳多得的劳动之路It created a way for people to get more, do more and achieve more.[59:26.59][59:28.90]原油在20年之后才被发现Crude oil won't be discovered for another 20 years. [59:31.73][59:33.28]在那之前是鲸油照亮着美国Until then, America runs on whale oil.[59:36.72][59:36.86]捕鲸业The whaling industry[59:38.13][59:38.14]推动了工业革命中的研发过程helped invent part of the Industrial Revolution [59:41.06]还给典型的美国工作狂帮了大忙and the classic American workaholic,[59:44.99][59:41.99]史蒂文·约翰逊[著名作家][59:44.29][59:44.99]通宵达旦的工作环境work-round-the-clock kind of environment,[59:46.99][59:47.00]在这种环境下如果你能有更多的亮光where if you have more light[59:48.30]来熬过那段不见天日的寒冬to keep you going in those dark winter days,[59:50.36]就能有更多成就赚到更多钱you could get more done, you could make more money,[59:52.79]因而在某种程度上你也推动了经济的发展and you could kind of drive the economy forward.[59:55.41][00:08.50]鲸是在地球上曾有过的最大的生物之一Whales are among the largest creatures toever live on Earth.[00:11.78][00:15.41]体重可达一百八十吨身长逾百英尺Up to 180 tons and more than 100 feet long. [00:19.18][00:25.10]一条鲸鱼可以制成A single whale can produce[00:26.23]可以高达三千加仑[约11立方米]的鲸油up to 3,000 gallons of oil.[00:28.50][00:31.30]时至今日美国航空航天局仍在使用鲸油Even today, whale oil is used by NASA. [00:33.90][00:34.34]哈勃空间望远镜就是靠鲸油工作的The Hubble space telescope runs on it.[00:37.05][00:42.67]捕鲸业是北方最大的产业之一Whaling is one of the North's biggest industries, [00:46.06][00:46.33]每年带来一千一百万美元的收入bringing in $11 million a year.[00:48.86][00:49.85]但从业者的伤亡代价也很高But the human cost is also high.[00:52.04][00:54.31]一半的捕鲸船最后会在大海里失踪Half of all ships will eventually be lost at sea. [00:57.53][00:58.00]很少有人甘冒此风险Few men are willing to take the risk.[01:00.05][01:00.35]但对于非裔美国人来说这却是一个良机But it's an opportunity for African-Americans.[01:02.67][01:03.25]两万名自由人和逃跑的奴隶选择了出海20,000 freemen and escaped slaves take to the seas.[01:06.81][01:08.10]约翰·汤普森是马里兰州一名逃跑的奴隶John Thompson is a runaway from Maryland.[01:11.03][01:12.49]我的家在费城I have a family in Philadelphia.[01:14.51][01:15.21]但我不敢再在那里多呆But fearing to remain there any longer,[01:17.41][01:17.42]我想到了去航海捕鲸I thought I would go on a whaling voyage[01:19.88]抓捕逃奴的赏金猎人们不太可能where I stood least chance of[01:22.21]跑到海上来追捕我being arrested by slave hunters.[01:23.61][01:27.93]捕鲸业所提供的平等机会超前于其所处的时代The equal opportunity offered in whaling is ahead of its time.[01:31.73][01:32.93]在这里有色人种真正被当人看待Here, a colored man is only known and looked upon as a man[01:36.39]并且他们的晋升只取决于能力和技术水平and is promoted in rank according to hisability and skill[01:40.64]干的活也和白人一样to perform the same duties as a white man.[01:42.95][01:47.63]从某种角度来说捕鲸业The whaling industry offered[01:49.47]为那些像约翰·汤普森一样当过奴隶的人an ex-slave like John Thompson[01:52.42]提供了社会经济层面的流动性the possibility of socialand economic fluidity, mobility [01:55.65][01:52.83]小亨利·路易斯·盖茨[哈佛大学非洲和非裔美国人研究所所长][01:58.00][01:55.65]和被人接受的可能性and acceptance in a way.[01:58.08]即使在北方Even in the North,[01:59.75][01:59.76]对于黑人来说这在其它行业也是不可能的that was not possible for black people otherwise.[02:02.78][02:07.30]负责瞭望的人大声叫道The man on the lookout cried out,[02:09.46]"她在那儿喷水呢" "There she blows!"[02:10.86]海面上出现了四只鲸鱼There were four whales in sight,[02:13.07]距离他们只有不到四分之三英里not more than 3/4 of a mile distant.[02:15.76][02:20.90]猎杀它们需要花费数小时的时间It takes hours to kill them.[02:22.48][02:24.06]他们用的是最先进的鱼叉They use state-of-the-art harpoons[02:26.26]路易斯·坦普[美国著名废奴主义者发明家][02:29.26][02:26.26]这是由一个名叫路易斯·坦普的逃奴发明的invented by runaway slave Lewis Temple.[02:29.22][02:31.08]杀死鲸鱼的唯一方法是在鱼鳍处捅入鱼叉The whale can only be killed by lancing him under the fin,[02:34.65][02:34.66]这需要很多练习和技巧which is a work of much skill and practice.[02:37.36][02:39.50]一头盛怒之中的猛兽A monster, terrible in his fury,[02:42.26][02:42.77]足以在摆尾之间让小船灰飞烟灭able to shiver the boat in atoms by one stroke of his tail.[02:46.57][02:50.00]但海上生活纵使再凶险And yet even the dangers at sea[02:52.49]也比可怕的奴隶生活要强得多are preferable to the horror of life as a slave.[02:56.16][02:58.74]对那些冒险逃跑的奴隶的惩罚手段极其凶残Punishment is savage for those who risk escape,[03:01.57]但仍有人为了自由不惜一切代价but some will do anything to be free.[03:04.92][03:09.56]1841年新奥尔良1841, New Orleans.[03:12.47][03:12.48]奴隶交易的中心Ground zero for the slave trade.[03:14.89][03:16.05]这一天是拍卖日It's auction day.[03:17.17]一个让所有奴隶心惊胆战的日子The day every slave fears the most.[03:19.83][03:22.60]在十九世纪上半叶In the first half of the 19th century,[03:24.76][03:25.03]超过一半的奴隶是在拍卖会上被卖出的over half a million slaves are sold at auction.[03:27.75][03:29.69]这一行业在南方经济中占了20亿美元It's a business worth $2 billion to the Southern economy.[03:33.03][03:34.00]由于棉花种植业的繁荣Since the cotton boom,[03:36.57]奴隶的价格飙升the value of slaves has skyrocketed.[03:37.93][03:38.38]现在男奴隶1000美元Now men cost $1,000.[03:40.50][03:40.94]女奴隶800美元Women, 800.[03:42.14][03:42.42]儿童500美元Children, 500.[03:43.94][03:46.16]所罗门·诺萨普Solomon Northup,[03:48.20][03:46.20]所罗门·诺萨普[曾著自传《为奴十二载》][03:51.81][03:48.21]一位来自北方的受过教育的自由人an educated freeman from the North,[03:49.65]因遭绑架而沦为奴隶was kidnapped into slavery.[03:51.81][03:53.11]你到这边来You, come over here.[03:54.68][03:56.30]他会要求我们把头抬起来He would make us hold up our heads,[03:58.52]让我们快速来回奔跑walk us briskly back and forth,[04:01.19]这样顾客们就能观察我们的手臂和躯干while customers would feel our hands and arms and bodies,[04:05.85]他让我们张开嘴巴露出牙齿make us open up our mouths and show our teeth, [04:09.03][04:09.04]简直就像一个骑师在检验马匹precisely as a jockey examines a horse,[04:12.08]然后再决定是用钱还是用货物来完成交易which he is about to barter for or purchase.[04:15.05][04:16.52]奴隶后背上的伤疤被视为Scars upon a slave's back were considered[04:19.04]该奴隶反叛或难以管束的证据evidence of a rebellious or unruly spirit,[04:22.55]因而影响售价and hurt his sale.[04:23.77][04:26.20]把上衣脱了Take your top off.[04:27.16]九成的非裔美国人都是奴隶90% of all African-Americans are slaves,[04:31.36]包括400万男人女人和小孩4 million men, women and children.[04:34.20][04:34.80]我们的建国纲领是We had based this country on[04:36.75]人人都享有不容侵犯的自由和平等权利everyone having inalienable rights to freedom and equality,[04:40.60][04:37.60]雪儿·克罗[上世纪90年代以来最受欢迎的摇滚乐女歌手之一][04:39.60][04:40.60]然而我们也创造了一套惨无人道的迫害机制and yet we created a system of abject persecution.[04:45.60][04:47.81]奴隶们被养肥了送去拍卖就像牲口一样Slaves are fattened for auction, like livestock.[04:51.22][04:51.78]深肤色的男人被买走干农活Dark-skinned men are bought for the fields,[04:54.00]而浅肤色的女人则用来做家务活light-skinned women for the house.[04:56.33][04:57.81]奴隶贩子们谎报他们的年龄Traders lie about their ages,[05:00.36]甚至会给奴隶的白发染色even dye a slave's gray hairs.[05:02.37][05:03.02]对于农场主来说For the plantation owners,[05:04.82]买奴隶就像去当地的超市买糖和面粉一样it was like just going to your local supermarket to get sugar or flour.[05:10.59][05:06.90]艾尔·夏普顿牧师[美国人权领袖][05:10.30][05:10.80]他们已经完全忘了奴隶也是人They had become so desensitized to the humanity of the slave[05:16.44]以至于根本不把奴隶当人看that they did not see them as human beings.[05:19.61][05:23.00]买家需要生育能力强的奴隶来繁衍后代Buyers demand the most fertile slaves for breeding.[05:25.60][05:26.57]身价最高的就是浅肤色未成年处女The most expensive are light-skinned teenage virgins.[05:29.77][05:30.70]强奸已是稀松平常Rape is common.[05:32.53][05:36.61]伊莱扎来自一个州立农场Eliza's from a state plantation.[05:38.99][05:41.95]和她一起被拍卖的还有她的两个孩子She's being sold, with her two children, [05:44.82]埃米莉和兰德尔Emily and Randall.[05:46.89][05:47.33]在路易斯安那州In Louisiana,[05:48.99]将11岁以下的孩子从父母身边带走是违法的it's illegal forchildren under 11 to be taken from their parents.[05:52.67]小伙子过来Boy, come over here.[05:54.14][05:54.39]但这种事屡见不鲜It happens all the time.[05:55.69][05:56.74]给我看看你的牙齿Show me your teeth.[05:58.50][05:58.88]140年的时间对于You know, 140 years is not[06:00.27]整个历史进程来说并不漫长a really long time in the context of history.[06:02.78]所以我真的不敢相信So it's hard for me to believe[06:04.55]140年前黑人在这里没有任何权利可言that blacks didn't have any rights here, [06:06.98]他们遭受的是非人的对待they weren't treated as human beings,[06:09.19][06:07.19]约翰·勒珍德[五次荣获格莱美奖的R&B歌手和歌曲作家][06:11.18][06:09.20]本质上他们的待遇和动物无异they were treated like animals, essentially.[06:11.18][06:12.50]求你了先生Sir, please![06:13.63][06:29.00]拍卖会上过半的交易都会拆散一个家庭Over half the sales at auction will tear a family apart.[06:32.83]想象一下一个八岁的孩子If you've ever been eight, to think of being[06:35.91]被迫与父母分开separated from your mother and your father[06:37.63]被人买走永远不能再见父母一面and sold and you'll never see them again. [06:39.96]想象一下这过程中的惊恐与辛酸The horror of that, the poignancy of all of that, [06:42.38][06:40.38]安妮特·戈登·里德[罗格斯大学历史学系教授][06:43.38][06:42.39]而类似事件却在整个南方屡见不鲜and yet that's the kind of thing that happened across the South[06:46.19]直到奴隶制度瓦解up until the end of slavery.[06:48.09][06:49.00]好了我最后一次出价Okay, my final offer,[06:50.31][06:51.32]这个男人我出一千那个男人我出九百I'll give you 1,000 for that man, 900 for that man.[06:54.66]。
美国 我们的故事
美国我们的故事美国，一个充满梦想和机遇的国家，是许多人心中的向往之地。
它的故事，是一个充满传奇和奇迹的故事，是无数个个体的汇聚，是多元文化的交融。
从建国初期的殖民地开拓，到如今的世界超级大国，美国的发展历程承载着无数个人和族群的梦想和奋斗。
在这片土地上，每一个人都有属于自己的故事，而这些故事又交织在一起，构成了美国这个国家的多彩画卷。
美国的故事，是一个关于自由和平等的故事。
从美国独立宣言中提出的“人人生而平等，享有生命、自由和追求幸福的权利”，到废除奴隶制度、推动民权运动，美国一直在不断追求人权与平等。
这个国家的故事，是无数个体为了自由和平等而奋斗的故事，他们的努力和牺牲，为美国的发展进步贡献了巨大的力量。
美国的故事，是一个关于多元文化的故事。
美国是一个移民国家，来自世界各地的人们在这里汇聚，带来了各种不同的文化和传统。
他们在这片土地上相互交融，共同创造了一个多元、包容的社会。
美国的文化多样性，不仅丰富了这个国家的内涵，也为世界文化的发展做出了重要贡献。
美国的故事，是一个关于创新和进步的故事。
美国是世界科技和经济的领头羊，它的发展离不开无数个体的努力和智慧。
从工业革命到信息时代，美国人民一直在不断探索和创新，他们的努力和智慧，推动了世界科技和经济的发展。
美国的故事，是一个关于团结和奋斗的故事。
在美国的发展历程中，无数个体为了共同的目标团结在一起，共同奋斗。
无论是建国初期的殖民者，还是现代的劳动者，他们都在不同的历史时期为了美国的繁荣和发展做出了自己的贡献。
美国的故事，是一个关于希望和梦想的故事。
在这片土地上，每一个人都有追求幸福和梦想的权利。
无论是来自世界各地的移民，还是土生土长的美国人，他们都在这里追逐着自己的梦想，为了更美好的未来不断努力着。
美国，我们的故事，是一个充满希望和可能的故事。
在这个国家里，每一个人都有属于自己的故事，而这些故事又交织在一起，成就了这个多元、包容、充满活力的国家。
让我们一起书写美国的故事，让我们为了共同的梦想而努力，让我们共同创造更美好的未来。
美国我们的故事
美国我们的故事
美国，一个充满无限可能的国家，一个拥有丰富历史和多元文
化的国家。
我们的故事，就是关于这片土地上发生的点点滴滴，记
录着美国人民的奋斗和成就，见证着这个国家的发展和变迁。
美国的故事始于约翰·史密斯在1607年带领英国殖民者登陆维
吉尼亚的詹姆斯敦，这标志着美国殖民地的建立。
随后，殖民地不
断扩张，英国、法国、荷兰等国家纷纷在北美建立了自己的殖民地。
殖民地时期的美国经历了不少战争和磨难，但也孕育了独立精神和
民主理念。
1776年，美国宣布独立，成为世界上第一个废除君主制
度的国家，开启了美国的独立之路。
19世纪中叶，美国经历了西部大开发和南北战争，国家版图不
断扩张，工业迅速发展。
20世纪初，美国成为世界上最强大的工业
国家之一，两次世界大战的胜利更是奠定了美国在世界上的地位。
冷战时期，美国与苏联展开了长达数十年的对抗，成为了世界上的
超级大国。
如今的美国，是一个多元文化的国家，吸引着来自世界各地的
移民。
美国人民勤劳、开放、创新，他们创造了无数的奇迹和传奇。
从华盛顿到林肯，从爱迪生到乔布斯，他们的故事激励着世人不断
追求梦想，不断创造奇迹。
美国的故事，不仅仅是一个国家的历史，更是人类文明的一部分。
美国的精神，是勇往直前，永不言弃；美国的文化，是多元融合，包容开放。
美国的故事，永远在继续，它不仅仅属于美国人民，更属于全世界。
让我们一起走进美国的故事，感受这个国家的魅力，共同书写美国的未来。
美国我们的故事 --第二集 Revolution革命 全文字幕 中英文文档ttxt 故事分节 带小标题
RevolutionNew York City,Gateway to North America. 纽约，通向北美的必经之路。
Today the financial capital of the world. 如今已是世界金融的中心。
Population,Eight Million people. 人口多达8百万，In 1776,this is a city of just 20,000. 但在1776年这里的人口不过2万，It will soon become the battleground for the biggest land invasion in American history. 随着战事的蔓延这里即将成为美国历史上最大规模抵抗外来入侵的战场。
Three miles from Wall Street, where 23rd Street crosses Lexington Avenue today the Rebels dig into defend New York at Kips Bay. 距离华尔街3英里，在今天第23大街与莱克星顿街的交汇处，起义军为固守纽约正在基普斯湾挖掘战壕，Commander of the Rebel Army is General George Washington. 乔治·华盛顿作为总司令指挥着这支起义军。
He has already driven the British out of Boston. 他曾出奇兵将英军逐出波士顿，A surprise victory against superior forces,but they'll be back. 但一场以弱胜强的胜利并不能阻止他们卷土重来。
The hour is fast approaching on which the honor and success of this army,and the safety of our bleeding country depend. 考验我们的时候到了，我军的荣誉，国家的安危全部落在了我们的肩上。
美国历史故事3篇
美国历史故事3篇由于在一次车祸中受了伤，他开始思考自己的生命：在过去13年的学校教育中，为什么没有老师教导他该如何预防灾难呢？为什么那些正规教育部门没有教会学生如何处理生命中人际及情绪方面的问题呢？一个想法在他的心中酝酿：发展一套课程，让学生获得更高的自我价值感，学会处理人际关系及应付冲突的技巧！17岁那年，他着手研究课程的内容。
开创一套传授以上技能的课程势在必行。
在几位秘书的帮助下，他又和家乐氏基金会的执行长罗斯莫比博士见面了，并且和他共进午餐。
路上，他们经过一个卖冰淇淋的小摊子。
执行长问他：“要不要吃个冰淇淋？”他点点头，但他实在太焦虑了，以至于压碎了手上的冰淇淋筒，指缝间全是汁水。
他试着在执行长察觉之前，偷偷摸摸地将手上的冰淇淋汁甩掉，但执行长还是看到了，他“扑哧”一笑，走回小摊子替他拿了一叠纸巾。
接过纸巾的瞬间，他感到这次又没希望了：连一个甜筒都拿不好的人，还有什么能力指望别人赞助他的新教育课程呢？果然，两周后，执行长就给他打来电话：“你要求55000元的赞助，我们十分抱歉，董事会的成员一致否决了你的要求。
”他感到自己快要哭了，两年来，他一直为一个梦想努力拼搏，到头来，这最后的机会也成了一场空。
“但是，董事们却一致决议要赞助你13万元。
”执行长说。
他以为自己听错了，当执行长再次说要赞助他13万元时，他捧住头，蹲在地上，痛哭失声。
13万元，为他的梦想开掘出了第一条路。
之后5年时间，他陆陆续续为这个梦想募集到了1亿美元。
目前，在全球32个国家及全美50个州的3万多所学校，都有教授他的“逐梦技巧训练课程”。
因为一位17岁青年的执著，每年有300万的学童得以学习到重要的生活技能。
1989年时，因为逐梦课程的惊人成就，他扩大了他的梦想，创立了国际青年基金会，而且得到6500万美元的赞助金，这是美国历史上第二大笔的赞助金。
他就是瑞克李特，美国一个激励青年人奋发向上的传奇人物。
这位国际青年基金会的创始人，以坚持向我们证明：面对理想，永不言弃，就会成功！二：[美国历史故事]被拒绝也是一种成长你一定被人拒绝过吧。
美国我们的故事观后感
美国我们的故事观后感《美国：我们的故事》观后感在最近观看了《美国：我们的故事》这部纪录片之后，我对美国这个国家产生了更深的认识和了解。
这部纪录片以独特的方式回顾了美国的历史，深入探讨了这个国家的起源、发展和核心价值观。
通过该片，我对美国这个国家的故事有了更为全面的认识。
首先，影片通过一系列真实的故事，展示了美国各个历史时期的重要事件和变革。
从美国的开拓时期到独立战争，再到内战和民权运动，每一个时代都有着不同的挑战和成就。
这些故事让我深深体会到美国这个国家的不断努力和奋斗。
虽然这个国家不断面临各种各样的问题，但人们永远保持积极乐观的态度，并迎接新的挑战。
其次，这部纪录片突出了美国社会的多样性和包容性。
美国一直以来都是一个移民大国，各种各样的文化在这个国家相互交融。
无论你来自哪里，你的种族、宗教或出身，只要你在美国，你就是美国人。
这个观点让我触动很深，因为我在这里看到了一个真正融洽的多元文化社会。
这个社会给每个人提供了平等和公正的机会，无论你是谁，只要你努力工作和付出，就有可能实现自己的梦想。
另外，这部纪录片也提到了关于美国核心价值观的讨论。
自由、民主和平等一直是美国社会的核心价值观，无论是政府还是个人都在为这些价值观而奋斗。
美国人始终相信每个人都有权利追求自己的幸福和自由，同时也愿意为了实现这些目标而付出努力。
这种价值观的坚持让我对美国的民主制度和社会的进步充满信心。
同时，这部纪录片展示了美国历史上的黑暗面。
无论是美洲原住民遭受的殖民压迫，还是黑人奴隶制度的存在，这些不可忽视的事实都让我对美国的历史产生了思考。
这部纪录片以一种客观的方式揭示了历史的真相，让观众更好地了解美国的成长过程中不可避免的错误和困难。
通过观看《美国：我们的故事》，我对美国这个国家有了更全面的认识。
我深刻体会到美国人对自由和民主的追求，以及他们为实现梦想而持续不懈的努力。
我也认识到，美国的多样性和包容性是这个国家的核心力量，它们让每个人都有机会追求自己的幸福。
美国我们的故事(中英混排)
中文名: 历史频道美国：我们的故事英文名: History Channel America: The Story of US影片简介：2010年4月，America: The Story of US「美国：我们的故事」在美国的历史频道首映。
这是一部12集的史诗纪录片，收视率超过了绝大部分美国虚构电视剧。
它全面使用电脑CG，把阿凡达式的视觉效果和好莱坞式的表演技巧引入纪录片，令人目瞪口呆，忘记这是真实的历史。
第一集的第一组镜头就把人牢牢吸引住了。
深蓝色的水底，一条大鱼游过，随后从水下看到一艘船缓缓驶来。
在一个俯瞰船身的镜头之后，摄像机加速度向着美洲大陆飞行，镜头前领飞的是一只美国兀鹰。
这部纪录片的叙事采取了画外音叙述，演员表演，嘉宾评论三种历史纪录片常用的方式，并把这三者巧妙地穿插在一起。
给演员的镜头频繁使用特写，过肩，偷拍等纪实风格，与现代影像语汇契合，同时又跟历史虚构片保持了距离。
CG在片子中运用得出神入化，镜头时常拉出事发地，一直拉到俯瞰地球为止。
在前两集中还多次使用了黑客帝国曾经用过的子弹时间特效，以表现军事冲突的紧张与暴力美学。
回顾美国独立与革新的历程，让我们看到了历史鼓舞人心的一面。
现在有请美利坚合众国总统作特别介绍。
History has earned some inspiring look at how self-determination and innovation made America. Now, a special introduction from the President of United States.晚上好！两百多年前，全世界拭目以待：美国独立，这个看似不可能的尝试能否成功？美国终于独立了。
不是因为必然，也并非轻而易举，而是因为几代美国人为了一个无比崇高的理想奉献出了自己宝贵的生命与无上的荣耀。
在历史发生巨大变革时，这一点尤为突出。
当一群身处底层的爱国者为了争取生存、自由与追求幸福的权利而推翻帝王统治时，当一位伊利诺伊州的扳道工(美国前总统林肯曾在该州当过扳道工) 向我们证明无论何时一个“民有、民治、民享”的政府才能长久，当游行队伍以人人平等、自由和公正的名义用有力的步伐震撼亚拉巴马大桥时。
美国我们的故事
《美国：我们的故事》美国全称美利坚合众国（英语：United States of America），原为英国殖民地，后因种种因素逐渐兴起而成为一个强大的国家。
北美洲原始居民为印第安人。
16-18世纪，正在进行资本原始积累的西欧各国相继入侵北美洲。
到了十八世纪中期，在北美大西洋沿岸建立了十三块殖民地，殖民地的经济，文化，政治相对成熟。
但是殖民地与英国之间产生了裂痕，英国继续对北美地区采取高压政策，引起了北美地区居民强烈不满。
从1776年到1783年，北美十三州在华盛顿领导下取得了独立战争的胜利。
[2 美国正式诞生，先后制定了一系列民主政治的法令。
逐步成为一个完全独立的民族主权国家。
美国独立后积极进行领土扩展，美国领土逐渐由大西洋沿岸扩张到太平洋沿岸。
经济发生了显著变化，北部、南部经济沿着不同方向发展。
[4] 南北矛盾日益加重。
1861年4月至1865年4月，美国南方与北方之间进行的战争，又称美国内战。
最终是北方领导的资产阶级获胜统一全国。
1865年开始了重建时期，逐步废除奴隶制，1877年，南部进行民主重建，制订了民主的进步法令，标志着民主重建的结束。
后来美国完成了工业革命，经济实力大增，两次世界大战奠定了美国在资本主义世界中霸主的地位。
冷战开始后和苏联平分天下冷战结束后，美国成为世界上唯一的超级大国。
但是二十世纪八十年代年美国经济情况仍较平稳。
进入90年代，美国计算机产业发展迅速，并带动全球的高科技信息产业，开拓了新一代的产业革命。
美国的独立战争是世界开始认识美国的开端。
美国独立战争是世界史上第一次大规模的殖民地争取民族独立的战争，它的胜利，给大英帝国的殖民体系打开了一个缺口，为殖民地民族解放战争树立了范例。
独立战争又是一次资产阶级革命，它推翻了英国的殖民统治，创造了美利坚合众国，同时又铲除了殖民时期封建残余的长子承法、续嗣限定法和代役税，契约奴制也基本上废除。
从而解放了生产力，为美国资本主义的发展开辟了宽广的道路。
纪录片美国我们的的故事观后感
纪录片美国我们的的故事观后感《美国，我们的故事》是一部由Ken Burns和Lynn Novick执导的纪录片，涵盖了美国历史上的各个重要时期和关键事件，通过深入调查和讲述当时人们的真实经历，呈现了一个真实、鲜活且多元的美国。
观看这部纪录片后，我深深被它所传达出的情感和历史故事所吸引，引发了我对美国的更深层次的思考。
纪录片以优秀的叙事方式，将美国历史上的微观和宏观元素相结合。
一方面，通过个人口述、历史文献和历史事件重演，展示了不同人群的生活和经历。
从南北战争到民权运动，从大萧条到国际恐怖袭击，这些历史事件在影片中得到了生动的呈现。
无论是美国南方黑人的种族歧视，还是美国妇女为争取平等权利而进行的抗争，每一个真实的故事都使我更加深入地了解了美国的演变和成长。
另一方面，影片也通过宏观角度，探讨了美国的价值观和国家建设的核心原则。
美国一直以来都是一个多元和开放的国家，无论是移民潮还是不同种族、文化和宗教的融合，这些因素都塑造了美国的独特性。
同时，影片也深入分析了美国历史上一些重要政策和决策背后的考虑因素，比如美国对外扩张的原因和意义，美国在两次世界大战中的角色等等。
这些让我对美国的国际地位和全球影响力有了更加深入的理解。
在《美国,我们的故事》中，有一些个人故事深深触动了我。
例如，我印象最深刻的是一个当年的美国士兵回忆起二战中的战斗经历。
他在片中倾述了他身陷炮火之中的恐惧、坚持和牺牲。
通过这个个人故事，我能够感同身受他们的困境和对国家的忠诚之情。
这也让我明白了美国尽管经历了许多困难和挑战，但每个时期的人们都以不畏艰难的精神抵抗和前行。
此外，纪录片还提到了美国历史上不可忽视的黑暗面。
无论是对印第安人的种族灭绝，还是对奴隶的残酷对待，这些令人痛心的历史问题一直存在着。
影片并没有回避这些问题，而是勇敢地去面对并展示给观众。
我觉得这种坦诚和勇气是值得赞赏的，它们帮助我们更全面地了解美国的历史，并推动我们反思和解决现实中的问题。
浅析历史纪录片《美国,我们的故事》的艺术价值
浅析历史纪录片《美国，我们的故事》的艺术价值【内容摘要】近几年，随着影像技术的迅速发展，大制作影视作品层出不穷。
影视作品的发展促进了文化艺术的进步，极大地丰富了文化艺术形式，其中历史纪录片是新世纪以来中外纪录片中发展较为快速的一种影视艺术，在文化交流、民族对话的时代主题下，起到很好的桥梁作用。
它以美学价值和历史脉动为基点，阐述了世界各国文化发展史，具有较高的艺术价值。
文章主要以《美国，我们的故事》为例，分析历史纪录片的艺术价值。
【关键词】历史纪录片艺术分析历史纪录片作为一种影视体裁，具有丰厚的艺术积淀。
我国历史纪录片的发展主要借鉴西方纪录片的形式，逐步形成自己独特的艺术风格。
历史纪录片《美国，我们的故事》以戏剧化的故事为主要讲述形式，通过演员精湛的角色扮演和摄影、剪裁等电影化手法的应用，进行超常规的探索性实践，最终形成一种鲜明独特的影像风格，创造出新颖的观赏效果，体现非凡的艺术性价值，对我国历史纪录片的发展具有较大的启示。
一、历史纪录片的特点纪录片是一种非虚构的影视作品，是通过创作者对现实素材的观察、思考、选择而产生的作品。
纪录片要有一定的逻辑性和艺术感染力，在一定程度上能够引起观众的思考与想象，具有声画性、文献性、真实性与艺术性特点。
简单地说，纪录片是把现实的事情记录下来，使之成为历史。
纪录片的艺术价值主要体现在叙事情节上。
纪录片通过故事来传播文化观念和精神意义，通过对一些原本故事性不是很强的题材进行故事化叙述，来传播其价值理念，可以说纪录片是一种叙事艺术。
历史纪录片主要是按照时间顺序将历史事件的发生、发展或者人物事迹过程叙述出来。
历史纪录片的叙事视点主要以全知视点为主体，从故事外部视点进行叙述，通过摄像机进行展示，能够充分体现出其宏大的叙事风格，同时又能捕捉到历史故事情节中珍贵的回忆和情感流露。
《美国，我们的故事》这部历史纪录片的创作就是比较好的代表。
二、《美国，我们的故事》的艺术特色《美国，我们的故事》是一部12集的史诗纪录片，一经播出，收视率超过很多美国电视剧。
THE STORY OF US字幕(美国：我们的故事----序言)
THE STORY OF US 字幕[00:01.00]原创翻译：YYeTs人人影视HDTV版本时间轴调整：TruthBear [00:05.10][00:07.47]回顾美国独立与革新的历程History has earned some inspiring look[00:10.11][00:10.13]让我们看到了历史鼓舞人心的一面at how self-determination and innovation made America.[00:14.78][00:17.46]现在有请美利坚合众国总统作特别介绍Now, a special introduction from the President of United States.[00:23.09][00:23.35]晚上好Good evening.[00:24.37][00:24.79]两百多年前全世界拭目以待Over two hundred years ago, the world waited and watched to see[00:28.60][00:28.62]美国独立这个看似不可能的尝试能否成功if an unlikely experiment called America would succeed[00:31.98][00:32.52]美国终于独立了不是因为必然也并非轻而易举It has. Not because the success was certain, or because it was easy,[00:36.62][00:36.64]而是因为几代美国人为了一个无比崇高的理想but because generations of Americans dedicated their lives[00:39.90]奉献出了自己宝贵的生命与无上的荣耀and the sacred honor to a cause greater than themselves.[00:43.11][00:43.87]在历史发生巨大变革时这一点尤为突出This has been especially true in moments of great trial[00:47.29][00:47.69]当一群身处底层的爱国者为了争取when a ragtag group of patriots overthrew an empire[00:50.56]生存自由与追求幸福的权利而推翻帝王统治时to secure the right to life, liberty and the pursuit of happiness,[00:53.93][00:54.22]当一位伊利诺伊州的扳道工when an Illinois rail splitter[00:56.09][00:54.22]美国前总统林肯曾在该州当过扳道工[01:01.29][00:56.11]向我们证明无论何时proved for all time that[00:57.79]一个"民有民治民享"的政府才能长久the government of, by and for the people would endure.[01:01.29][01:01.56]当游行队伍以人人平等自由和公正的名义when marchers' brave beatings on the Alabama bridge[01:04.67][01:04.69]用有力的步伐震撼亚拉巴马大桥时in the name of equality, freedom and justice for all.[01:08.23][01:08.56]这些历史时刻在提醒我们Moments like these remind us[01:09.95]美国的传奇从来都不是必然that our American stories have never been inevitable, [01:12.02][01:12.59]它们都是由平凡的人们创造而来those made possible by ordinary people,[01:14.49][01:14.51]他们的道德罗盘始终指向正直与真实who kept moral compass pointed straight and true[01:17.05]纵然前途未卜when the way seemed treacherous,[01:18.71][01:18.80]纵然山高路险when the climb seemed steep,[01:20.46]纵然凶吉难定when the future seemed uncertain,[01:22.35][01:22.85]他们被誉为people who were recognized[01:24.13]美利坚精神大厦的基石as the fundamental part of our American character.[01:26.49][01:26.79]我们能改善自己We can remake ourselves,[01:28.40]改善我们的国家以实现更大的梦想and our nation to fit our larger dreams. [01:30.97][01:31.58]今晚通过这部纪录片Tonight, thorough the series,[01:33.30][01:33.31]我希望你能受到这群卓越的男人和女人的启发I hope you'd be inspired by these extraordinary men and women,[01:36.87][01:37.12]并且思考一下我们这代人and think about how this generation[01:39.24]将会如何书写伟大的美国传奇的新篇章will write the next chapter in our great American story.[01:42.53][01:43.06]谢谢预祝观赏愉快Thank you, and enjoy the show.[01:44.76][00:00.00]■[00:03.00][01:58.33]我们是民族融合的国家We are a land of many nations.[02:01.04][02:01.59]我们是新世界的探索者We are New World explorers.[02:04.38][02:04.99]我们是团结的平民We are the huddled masses.[02:07.24][02:07.68]我们渴望自由Yearning to breathe freedom,[02:09.66][02:09.75]并为此不惧牺牲we'll risk it all.[02:11.35][02:12.17]我们敢于梦想看似不可能的梦We have the courage to dream the impossible, [02:14.44]并使之成为现实and make it the truth.[02:15.96][02:16.34]我们坚持到底We stand our ground.[02:18.23][02:18.72]挑战宿命义无反顾Charge headlong towards our destiny.[02:21.90]。
纪录片《美国：我们的故事》观后感
纪录片《美国：我们的故事》观后感刚刚看完纪录片《美国：我们的故事》。
这部高成本的纪录片，以恢弘的电影效果手法，描述了美国从无到有，从新兴国家到世界超级大国的历史。
整部纪录片有12集，动用了各种各样的表达手法，以最直观的方式再现历史。
看完全集，我的脑海里留下的最多还是最初移民时候的场景.他们从遥远的欧洲大陆而来，很多人变卖家产只为登上去美洲大陆的船，还有那些清教徒，只为寻求那另一方信仰之地。
他们需要历经千辛万苦，早期来美洲大陆的人们，经过两个月的航行，超过一半的人死于大海。
登上陆地的人还要白手起家，开垦一方荒原之地。
这或许就是美国人的基因所在。
这种骨子里的移民精神，一股无所畏惧又勇往直前。
早期登入者建立起了定居点，之后他们成为了这片大陆上的主角。
而后来者以殖民者的身份控制早期登入者的后代。
冲突随之而来。
从第一次大陆会议的召开，从人权宣言的颁布，人人生而平等，追求自由，追求幸福的权利属于了每一个人。
英国的殖民者尽管军队浩大，武器先进，但在长期的战斗中，在华盛顿等人的领导下，渡过了最艰难的时期。
殖民者退出了美洲大陆。
美国成立。
美国开始了他们父辈们所习惯的方式，义无反顾地开垦荒原之地。
西进运动，成千上万的美国人，变卖家产。
全部身家装入一辆马车，大规模迁徙，奔赴无人知晓的未知之地。
之后的淘金乐也是如此。
此时，美国也正在以不同的方式发展。
北方注重工业，而南方则以棉花种植为主。
新工具的出现，让加工棉花的速度超越以往。
同时，需要更多的黑奴进行加工。
南方的黑奴制度越演越烈，而不曾把黑奴当人看待。
南北方的差异导致不同的黑奴政策，一旦黑奴从南方逃到北方，意味着可以新的生活和工作。
但是，之后宣布的法律让南方雇主可以到北方捉走黑奴，这也影响了北方的社会秩序。
美国：我们的故事
第一集反抗者1610年5月，哥伦布发现新大陆120年之后。
1610年横渡大西洋需要两个月，今天两个小时。
早期的冒险中，十个人七个人活不过第一年。
移民不愿从事体力劳动。
带来的不是生产工具，而是黄金检验的化学试剂。
当时烟草只有西班牙殖民地种植。
西班牙为控制烟草贸易，规定向外国出售烟草种子处以死刑。
英国移民获得烟草种子。
詹姆斯敦成为美国第一座繁荣之城。
在接下来的一个半世纪烟草是主要的出口产品。
1620年，五月花号到达北美。
前三个月，超过一半的清教徒死于饥荒。
土地贫瘠，土著人教会他们以鱼做肥料，种植庄稼。
作为交换，移民派出14人和波卡诺基特人进攻敌对部落。
大获全胜。
两伙人结盟。
13块殖民地形成时，每个清教徒家庭养8个孩子，平均要高2英寸，孩子活到成年的比例是欧洲的两倍。
美国公民比欧洲同胞更富裕20%。
赋税只相当于英国的1/4。
1768年5月9日，英国海关在波士顿查处汉考克船，汉考克在船上私藏100桶酒，不想交税。
引发骚乱，英国派4000军人前往执法。
英国1/3的船只是在美国制造的，英国出口的物品，将近40%来到美国。
在非洲，朗姆酒被当做货币。
1770年波士顿部分居民与八名军人对峙，五名平民死于骚乱。
1773年12月，迫于时局压力，取消除茶叶税的所有税收。
波士顿倾茶事件。
英军1774年9月5日，第一届大陆会议在费城召开。
代表期待与英国和解。
民兵来自于市民，是城市包围组织。
1775年4月19日，莱克星敦的枪声。
60名民兵对抗900名正规军。
突袭战术第四集分裂伊利运河1825年开通。
开凿八年，近千人的牺牲，七百万美元的投入（相当于今天的一亿）。
中部和西部连接到一起，每年有总价值1500万美元的货物往来于运河上。
水牛城、锡拉丘、罗切斯特，物价下浮。
1840年百万富翁一词出现于纽约。
棉花原产于热带。
早期，分离一磅棉花需要一整天的劳动。
1794年3月4日，发明扎棉机。
一名工人工作量相当于过去的50倍。
以前一名奴隶300美元，扎棉机出现后2000美元。
美国历史(我们的故事)
第十二集黄金时代美国国力已达到鼎盛时期America is at the height of its power.各种创新和发明把这个国家带入了Innovation and invention will define一个科技日新月异社会空前繁荣的新时代 a new era of prosperity and technological wonder.一项发明以及随之而来的One invention will change the world.历史上最大规模的通讯革命Along with the biggest communications revolution 将改变世界ever seen.旧的威胁逐渐淡去And while old threats fade,新的挑战将使美国经历前所未有的考验new challenges will test America as never before.我们是前锋也是先驱we are pioneers and trailblazers.我们为自由而战We fight for freedom.我们将梦想付诸现实We transform our dreams into the truth.我们的奋斗将换来一个国家的新生Our struggles will become a nation.第十二集黄金时代70年代的美国在国际上The 1970s, America is locked in陷于与另一个超级大国:苏联的对峙 a gloabal standoff with another superpower, the Soviet Union.冷战时期It's the Cold War.共产主义与资本主义Communism and capitalism为争夺意识形态霸主地位而冲突不断clash in an ideological battle for supremacy.对许多人而言这个时期充满了恐惧和不确定性For many, it's an era of fear and uncertainty.核梦魇Nuclear nightmares.到冷战结束时By the end of the Cold War,两国所囤积的爆炸性武器the rival countries will amass enough explosive firepower足以摧毁100万个广岛for over a million Hiroshimas.冷战还存在另一个战场太空竞赛But the Cold War has another battlefield: the Space Race.当美国人率先将人类送上月球的时候And when America claimed the prize by putting man on the moon,那个时代标志性的科技成果也日渐成熟 a technology that will define the era comes of age.电视Television.1亿8千5百万美国人共同守候在电视机前185 Million Americans are united in front of their TV sets.现在再回看当时的影像Looking back at those images now,我们还是会惊叹图像如此清晰we marveled at the clarity of the picture.布莱恩·威廉斯[NBC晚间新闻主播]这可是从月球上传回来的实时画面啊This was live from the moon, after all!科技的高度发展令人叹为观止It was the height of technology and we marveled at it.1940年整个美国只有几千台电视In 1940, there are just a few thousand TV sets in the whole country..到1970年这个数字超过了6000万By 1970, there are over 60 million.电视将成为塑造新时代的决定性角色TV will play a defining role in shaping a new era.美国一向热衷于采用新科技America has always tried to adopt new technologies.鲍勃·鲁兹[前通用汽车公司副总裁]大家今天司空见惯的电视Television, as we know it today,当初设想之时这一定是个疯狂的主意I mean, it was considered, think about this crazy idea.我们可以向美国任何地方传送动态的影像We can send moving images to any place in the United States.但美国的辉煌But America's been built正是源于科技发展与革新on technological innovation and invention从蒸汽船和六发左轮手枪到人手一辆的汽车From steam boats and six-guns to automobiles for everyone.科技引领他们征服着这片大陆It's conquered a continent with technology.然而纵观美国发展历史But throughout the nation's history,真正起着决定性作用的是通讯技术的发展it is communications technology that played a defining role.1865年1865,电报帮助亚伯拉罕·林肯率领的北方军the telegraph help its President Abraham Lincoln在内战中取胜win the war for the North.他几乎亲自掌控与指挥每一场战役He virtually seize and can command every battle.1945年1945,艾森豪威尔麾下的资深通讯专家大卫·沙诺夫David Sarnoff, Eisenhower's most senior communications expert,协助美国开发了电视机helped develop television for America.美国无线电公司大卫·沙诺夫研究中心RCA实验区到1950年沙诺夫创立了By 1950, Sarnoff creates世界上最大的电视广播网之一one of the biggest TV broadcast networks in the world.NBC 国家广播公司电视不仅是一种新的娱乐方式TV may be a new form of entertainment,更是当时最强大的通讯设备but it's also the most powerful communications device in existence.阿伦·索尔金[剧作家]沙诺夫意识到Sarnoff recognized that电视将成为一股强大的力量there was going to be awesome power.但随之而来的And that, with that awesome power--将是更为重大的责任was going to come awesome responsibility.到1970年美国公众收看电视的数量By 1970, the American public is watching more television超过了所有其他国家than any nation on earth.人们每天在电视前的时间均不下5小时Over five hours a day for every man, woman and child.电视新闻节目的数量There are more TV news programs也远超其他国家than any country in the world.七成以上的成年人Over 70% of the adult population每晚都收看电视新闻watch the television news every evening.而当登月实况在电视上播出时And when pictures of the moon landings are broadcast live,这已不仅是技术上的成功it isn't just a technological success,而更象征着冷战中的胜利it is a symbolic victory in the Cold War.但有场真正的战争其实更加性命攸关But there's a real war closer to American lives.越南战争Vietnam.美国深陷东南亚的一场鏖战 A bitter conflict in Southeast Asia.美国惧怕共产主义风暴席卷这一地区America fears communism will sweep the region想要阻止这一态势and wants to stop its influence.但强大的美军与先进的武器But the U.S. Military and all its technology却终不敌背水一战的游击队comes up hard against determined guerrilla movements.为这场战争And the war is being fought美国征召了几十万年轻士兵by hundreds of thousands of drafted young Americans.我们召集了大量刚满18岁的孩子We ask so much of our 18-year-olds跋涉到一个无异于野生丛林的陌生国度to go over to a foreign land, the jungle no less与当地游击队作战他们熟悉地形and fight gorillas who are home on their turf并且对外来入侵非常反感and don't like at all the invading army.参加越战的这代人The generation that is fighting the Vietnam war正是婴儿潮一代are the baby boomers.也是数量最为庞大的一代The biggest ever American generation.逾五千万美国新生儿在战后15年间诞生Over 50 million new Americans born in 15 postwar years.这数量庞大的一代人This huge generation are不同于以往的任何一代unlike any Americans who have come before,他们对于社会的态度和影响and their influence and attitude toward society注定将改变整个美国的面貌are destined to change the face of America.60年代这代人的改变是必然的The 1960s were inevitable.最伟大的一代[二战中的一代] The greatest generation came home固守着人生价值的信念凯旋with fixed idea of what life should be about,汤姆·布罗考[原NBC新闻主播]他们忙着从战争的阴霾中走出And they were so busy putting their own lives back together again回归原来的生活in a traditional fashion根本无暇顾及下一代that they weren't paying attention to细微而敏感的心理变化the changing sensibilities of their children.美国每10到15年就会发生一次蜕变America in a way reinvents itself every 10 or 15 years.而这种蜕变And that reinvention is往往是被上一代人所恐惧与排斥的always feared by the generation that came before.1969年6月June 1969,纽约州北部upstate New York.伍德斯托克音乐节Woodstock.这原本是一场容纳10万人的周末音乐会 A weekend concert for over 100,000 ticket-hoders,却挤满了近50万婴儿潮一代的乐迷was over run by nearly half million baby boomers.还有100万在四周守候Over a million more tried to get in.这是世界范围内空前盛大的音乐节It is the world's biggest ever music festival 并成为了婴儿潮一代年轻人的交际盛会and become the boomer's coming out party,标志着美国新一代成为了社会的主流 a signal to America of the generational change taking place.我们原本刻板拘泥Coming from the society culture一本正经的社会文化that was fairly buttoned up and prim and proper蒂姆·甘[时尚顾问]突然间闯入了伍德斯托克音乐节to one that suddenly was what we had Woodstock.闯入了嬉皮士We had hippiedom.闯入了自由性爱We had free love.婴儿潮这代人深深地影响了Baby bombers had a huge tremendous impact 玛格丽特·周[喜剧演员]我们对世界的看法对社会的看法on how we view the world and how we view society.然而他们反抗的But the baby boomers aren't just rebeling并不仅仅是其父辈的价值观against their parents' values.他们开始试图用街头游行的方式People begin to attempt to affect from the streets比弗利·盖奇[耶鲁大学]向对外政策的最高制定者们施压the highest levels of foreign policy.美军立即撤出印度支那婴儿潮的一代人想要越战结束The baby boomers want an end to the Vietnam war,并在街上游行抗议示威and they take their protest to the street.为自己的信仰挺身而出The willingness to stand up for what you believe in,进行大规模的示威游行in mass demonstrations of revolt,梅丽尔·斯特里普[著名女演员奥斯卡影后]这才是真正的美国精神that's very American.在越战中人们不愿违背自己的意愿In the Vietnam war, people were unwilling to die,让我们的士兵回家为他们并不支持的战争卖命for something they didn't believe in."反抗"是美国民族性格上深深的烙印Protest is deep in the American character.清教徒对旧世界及宗教迫害的反抗The pilgrims against the old world and religious persecution.殖民地对宗主国及其苛捐杂税的反抗The colonies against the British and their taxes.弗雷德里克·道格拉斯和哈莉特·塔布曼对奴隶制的反抗Frederick Douglas and Harriet Tubman against slavery..20世纪70年代1970s.数以千计的反越战抗议游行相继爆发There have been thousands of anti-Vietnam war protests.俄亥俄州肯特州立大学Kent State University, Ohio.国民警卫队被调往镇压游行的500名学生The National Guard are ordered in to control 500 protesting students.电视转播着这一切Television is here watching.4名学生中弹身亡Four students are shot dead..正是电视转播将画面传入千家万户I think that that drove it home for a lot of Americans,观众得以直击现场to see on their television,这使得大众群情激昂义愤填膺and to have this mass of people who felt so passionately about it.美国人相信眼见为实The images. You know, America is a very visual country.珍妮特·沃尔斯[著名作家]越战期间首次实现了战事的电视转播And because Vietnam is the first televised war,每一场战役伤亡情况都有新闻报道battles and casualty lists are daily news events.电视将血淋淋的战争Television brings the reality of the war展现在每个人眼前into the nation's living rooms.就如同百年前内战战地摄影师Just as hundred years ago Civil Warphotographer揭露了战争的恐怖一般revealed the true horror of war,如今电视新闻节目开始颠覆整个国家now TV news images begin to turn the nation.我们已经损失了5万余士兵We had already lost over 50,000 soldiers,伤员更是不计其数many more wounded than that.戴维·鲍尔达奇[犯罪推理小说作家]我想多数美国人已经意识到越战的无望I think most Americans realized Vietnam was a hopeless cause.在越战中的投弹数量超过了整个二战More bombs than were droped in the whole World War II.数千亿美元白白消耗Hundreds of billions of dollars.但保留在大多数美国人记忆中的But what the most Americans remember是他们在电视中看到的画面are the pictures they see on their TV sets.目睹着西贡[今胡志明市]的残兵爬上直升机Watching people in Sigon clinging to helicopters丹尼尔·席尔瓦[著名作家]落荒而逃as we left in disgrace.这是一幅极不符合美国信念的画面This is a profoundly unAmerican notion. 1975年1975,越战终于结束了the Vietnam War is finally over.越南退伍军人从多重意义上来讲正是反战运动In many ways it really was the anti-war movement改变了后世对于越战的印象on the ground that shaped our story of Vietnam某种程度上反战运动也是对战争的真实体验and to some degree the actual experience of the war.对于许多婴儿潮时期出生的人来说For many of the baby boomers,抗议和反叛是为了更为远大的目标the protest and rebellion has a wider aim: 即创造一种全新的生活方式to create a completely new way of life.你可以反抗父母反抗社会You could rebel against your parents and rebel against society去创造属于你自己的乌托邦while creating your own utopia,这是典型的60年代的理想this is a very 60s ideal.打造一片可以放飞梦想的乐土Creating a land where you can live your dreams 这正是美国性格的一部分is part of the American character.同时也是清教徒来到美国的动力The reason that the pilgrims came to America.以及摩门拓荒者西进的原因Why Mormon pioneers headed west.婴儿潮的一代并非在找寻新的大陆The baby boomers aren't looking for a new land.而是想改变美国社会They want to change American society,真正的革命是由伟大的爱来引导的释放所有政治犯真理是囚禁不了的使其变得更加公平make it a fairer place.60年代末70年代初As the 60s turn into the 70s,黑人行动主义原住民土地所有权black activism, native American land rights,释放黑豹党人同性恋权利生态保护及女权主义gay rights, ecology and feminism在游行的压力下被一一提上日程burst on to the agenda and the streets.姐妹们联合起来与压迫我们的制度作斗争婴儿潮一代重塑着美国社会The baby boom generation shaped America,职场中为女性争取平等权利的运动the movement for equality for women in the workplace随之发起certainly came out of that.美国历史中的这一时期There is a tiny moment in American history让美国女性重拾自信gave a lot of confidence to American women,安妮特·戈登·里德[罗格斯大学历史学教授]自由就是自由Freedom is freedom.梅莉莎·埃瑟里奇[歌手作曲家]无论男女都是平等的All men and women are created equal.我之前对水门事件一无所知I had no prior knowledge of the Watergate break-in.我既未参与I neither took part in也对随后的掩饰行为毫不知情nor knew about any of the subsequent cover-up activities..水门大厦民主党全国委员会1974年尼克松总统牵涉到1974, President Nixon is implicated in the break in闯入其政敌总部并安装窃听设备的事件中and the bugging of his political rivals headquarters.他被指控掩盖罪行He's accused of covering up the crime.美国联邦法院国会启动了弹劾程序Congress starts an impeachment process电视对此进行了现场直播which transmits live on television.国家的最高首脑Holders of the highest offices in the land面对着数百万观众接受质询are subjected to a grilling watched by millions.尼克松政府因遭逢电视时代而一败涂地The Nixon administration hits the TV age and losses,滚出去H.W.布兰茨[德克萨斯大学教授]尽管在之前的美国历史中也存在着丑闻There had been scandals previously in American history,但却从未像水门事件这样but none that unfolded on television,在电视上迅速曝光with the immediacy of the Watergate Scandal.水门丑闻所表现的What was revealed by the Watergate Scandal官场腐败程度was a level of internal corruption,欺骗程度 a level of deception与对美国民主的亵渎and a real violation of American democracy当时就连美国政论家that even critics of the American government都绝对想象不到up to that point simply hadn't imagined.对于大多数人而言It was the last nail in the coffin you might say of,戴维·M·肯尼迪[斯坦福大学历史学教授]这是压垮公众信念的最后一根稻草for many, many people of Americans confidence in their own society.我将在明天中午辞去总统之职I shall resign the presidency effective at noon tomorrow.史上唯一一位在任上辞职的总统The only president ever to resign the office. 85%的美国家庭通过电视直播收看其辞职演说His speech watched live by 85% of all American households.媒体与电视的自由显示了其真正的力量Freedom of the press and TV showing their true power.媒体在水门事件中的力量表明I mean, the power of Watergate is saying我们需要自由媒体you need a free press.索莱达·奥布莱恩[CNN首席主持人]如果没有自由的媒体Because there are some things that you will not learn那么有些事情我们将永远不得而知if you do not have a free press.电视见证了一位总统的下台While television proves the downfall of one President,将美国推向危机throws America into crisis,然而另一位总统将学会利用它another will learn to use this new technology重塑美国人的信心将美国带入新纪元to rebuild American confidence and usher in a new era.70年代末80年代初As the 70s turn into the 80s特拉华的美国汽车工人联合会的工人亟需工作美国陷入困境America feels bruised.中东石油危机The Middle East oil crisis.对不起没油了油泵已关在伊朗的美国人质事件American hostages in Iran.美国束手无策我们需要工作恳请政府与国会马上行动起来调查表明仅剩22%的美国民众信任政府Surveys show only 22% of Americans trust the government.失业和通货膨胀Unemployment and inflation双双达到大萧条以来的最高水平are both at the highest levels since the Great Depression.美国曾经历过经济低谷America has endured economic downtimes before.上世纪30年代In the 1930s,罗斯福采用积极的财政政策Roosevelt tries to bring America out of its Great Depression将美国带出大萧条的阴霾with government spending in new initiatives.同时他充分利用了新媒体的力量But he also harnesses the power of a new media--用广播直接传播到全国radio-- to speak directly to the nation.富兰克林·罗斯福拥有神奇的魔力Franklin Roosevelt had this truly mysterious capacity他在广播中的讲话to speak through the radio in a way that戴维·M·肯尼迪[斯坦福大学]不仅能吸引民众的注意还能激发他们的感情compelled not just the attention but the affection of影响千百万民众millions upon millions of his countrymen.半个世纪之后Now half a century later,一位新总统利用电视 a new President uses television重建整个国家的信心in his attempt to restore the nation's confidence.我们怎能不信任我们伟大的祖国How can we not believe in the greatness of America.又怎能不去行正义和必要之事How can we not do what is right and needed去保护这世间最后的希望to preserve this last best hope of man on earth.他被称为伟大的沟通者His nick name was the great communicator.他的那种清晰的表达方式He was able to articulate in a way戴维·鲍尔达奇[犯罪推理小说作家]能让人像认同自己美国人身份一样认同他that many people would accept as being innately American.H.W.布兰茨[德克萨斯大学教授]美国人其实愿意相信Americans wanted to believe他们的国家是美好而又强大的that their country was good and strong.里根向他们肯定"是的我们美好而强大" And Reagan spoke to them in a voice that said "Yes, we are".同胞们My fellow citizens,今晚我想和大家谈谈我们的未来I would like to speak to you tonight about our future,谈谈一项有历史意义的伟大努力about a great historic effort让"自由公平希望"这三个词对每位美国公民to give the words "freedom", "fairness" and "hope" new meaning and power都有新意义和新力量for every man and woman in America.具体来说我想谈谈税务的问题Specificly I want to talk about taxes.上世纪80年代是美国经济繁荣的新时代The 1980s appear to be a new era of American financial prosperity.低利率和宽松的信贷政策的盛行Low interest rates and the easy credit flows 引领经济繁荣复苏lead a bussiness boom.在这十余年间Over the course of the decade,华尔街市场交易屡创新高trading on Wall Street markets breaks records,道琼斯指数飙升了超过200个百分点the Dow Jones Index rises more than 200 percent.80年代末By the 1980s,每年便有十万美国人跨入百万富翁的行列100,000 Americans become millionaires every year.美国也曾历经过繁荣There have been boom times before.石油热带来了廉价汽油实现了汽车普及The oil rush leads to cheap gasoline and cars for the masses.廉价钢铁促进了建筑业的繁荣And cheap steel leads to a construction boom,城市迅速发展起来builds new cities.80年代的美国Now in 1980s America,低息贷款刺激了消费cheap credit creates a boom in consumers.信用卡是这个时期的象征The credit card is the symbol of the decade.开发于1958年Invented in 1958,一度是有钱人的专利如今普罗大众也可以拥有once reserved for the wealthy, now it's democratized.到1989年By 1989,持有信用卡的美国人比选民还多more Americans have credit cards than vote in elections.80年代持卡人的借贷额增长了五倍The 80's see cardholders increase their debt by a factor of five.到80年代末美国人By the end of the decade, Americans are spending每年刷卡消费近2500亿美元nearly a quarter of a trillion dollars on their credit cards every year.80年代During the 80s,购物中心的数量甚至比高中学校的数量还多the number of shopping malls surpasses the number of high schools.快餐店的数量增加了78% There's a 78% increase in fast-food stores.十年间餐饮行业消费额翻了一番Spending on restaurant food more than doubles达到2500多亿美元to over 250 billion dollars in decade.那十年可能是美国史上During that decade we probably became最为物欲横流的时期more materialistic than we ever had before.消费创下了历史新高Consumption was off the charts.但消费者真正感兴趣的是科技But what consumers really want is technology, 最新的家用电器the latest home appliances,最新的娱乐技术the latest entertainment technology.1980年时只有200万台录像机There are barely 2 million VCRs in 1980.到了1990年却达到6300多万台Over 63 million by 1990.从最初只有区区几千部手机From a few thousand cell phones,到80年代末发展到超过500万部by the end of the decade there are over 5 million.詹姆斯·梅格斯[《大众机械》杂志总编]你的第一把折叠刀Your first pocket knife,你的第一辆自行车your first bicycle,你的第一辆汽车your first car,如今你的第一部手机today, you know, your first cell phone,你的第一台手提电脑your first laptop,这些都标志着你掌控了自己的世界all these are badges of gaining control over your world,标志着你有能力生活得更好of having, being able to live life better因为你有更先进的工具和使用它们的技术because you have a better tool, and the skill to use it.这让美国人深深地为之心驰神往That's something that's deeply appealing to the American psyche.不过许多消费品的技术进步But many of these consumer technology advances are developed都直接得益于有史以来最大的开支狂潮: directly from the biggest spending spree of all:太空竞赛the Space Race.与苏联的冷战状态仍然处在白热化阶段The Cold War with the Soviet Union is still going strong.紧张态势蔓延全球乃至太空Laying out across the globe and the final frontier.到冷战结束时美国共花费了七万亿美元By the end of the Cold War, 7 trillion dollars has been spent只为了领先于它的共产主义对手keeping America ahead of her communist rival.竞争的结果就是The result,造就了史上最复杂最大胆的航天器: one of the most sophisticated and daring spacecraft ever built:航天飞机The space shuttle.航天飞机真是个非常美妙的想法The space shuttle was a beautiful idea.非常精致的飞船It was an elegant craft,更高效更经济that would be more efficient, more economical因为它可以像飞机那样起飞着陆并重复使用because it could take off and land and be reuseable.发射... and lift off.航天飞机助长了美国的消费热潮The shuttle adds to America's consumer boom.它最重要的功能之一One of its primary functions是搭载通信卫星is to launch communication satellites,用来助涨美国人日益滋长的helping expand America's ever growing appetite 对娱乐通信电话和全球定位系统的需求for entertainment, communications, telephones and GPS.而航天飞机上使用的技术And the technology that goes into the shuttle也造福了地面上的人类also comes back to earth.手机水质净化Cell phones, water purification,飞机起落架消防设备airplane landing gear, fire fighting equipment.无线电动工具医疗技术Cordless power tools, medical tech,甚至滑雪服and even ski wear.这一切都得益于航天飞机计划All benefited from the shuttle program.许多人看来航天飞机是美国的象征For many, the shuttle is symbolic of the American story.它就像是自行应验的预言之一It's like one of those self-fulfilling prophecies.里克·哈里森[金银典当]也就是说You know,我们为了更美好的未来努力let's work for a better future.我们就会得到美好的未来we'll get the better future.迈克尔·道格拉斯[著名演员]谈到拓荒精神Talk about the frontier spirit,它无关成败荣辱it's not a question of succeeding or failure而是不断壮大令人倍受鼓舞it's just continuous growth, which is really inspirational.航天飞机第25次出航25th space shuttle mission...但是整个国家对技术的信奉But the nation's faith in technology即将遭到沉重的一击is about to receive a blow.航天飞机开启了美国的新纪元The shuttle is a new era for America.航天时代的技术带动着国家经济的发展Space-age technology is powering the country forward.这个国家建立在创新之上The nation's been built on innovation.新技术带来了进步财富和扩张New technology create progress, wealth, expansion.随着斧子的改进As axes improve,森林以惊人的速度被开垦forests can be cleared at a greater rate.新的军事技术可以赢得战争 A new military technology wins wars,建立国家makes nations.詹姆斯·梅格斯[《大众机械》总编辑]纵观我们的历史Throughout our history,每一项技术进步都意味着变革every one of these technologies has been transformative in a way改变了经济改变了生活that has changed economies, it's changed lives,也改变了居住模式it's changed settlement patterns.是像安德鲁·卡内基这样的实业家It takes entrepreneurs like Andrew Carnegie.他采用新的钢铁生产技术He takes new steel production techniques实现了钢的大规模生产and supersizes them to produce vast quantities以此为原料建设起了伟大的美国城市of the raw materials that build the great American city.还有像穆赫兰这样的工程天才And engineering geniuses like Mulholland,他修建的长达200英里的洛杉矶引水渠his 200 mile L.A Aqueduct使得这座城市从荒芜之地崛起allows the city to grow from the desparate.但进步往往是以人的牺牲为代价的But progress often carries a human cost. 1825年1825,建造连通五大湖区和纽约的伊利运河building the Erie Canal to connect the Great Lakes to New York City夺去了近千条生命claims nearly 1,000 lives.1865年修建横贯东西的大铁路1865, the transcontinental railroad,近两千人丧生almost 2000 lives.19世纪末20世纪初At the turn of the century,每五名男性中就有两名two out of every five men为了建设美国现代都市的摩天楼而丧命或致残died or are disabled building the skyscrapers of America's new cities.三二一发射Three, two, one. And lift off.如今航天飞机Now the space shuttle是美国科技新纪元的登峰造极之作is the pinnacle of a new era of American technology.1986年是机组最繁忙的一年1986 is to be the fleet's busiest year.被选中的挑战者号机组人员The crew of the Challenger shuttle正是现代美国社会的缩影is chosen to represent cross-section of modern America.他们来自不同种族背景职业Different races, backgrounds, professions.我们总有这样的想法And the idea always was能否让更多人也来参与"Can we begin to open this up somehow to more people巴兹·奥尔德林[实现人类首次登月的阿波罗11号宇航员踏上月球第二人] 而不只是受过高度训练的宇航员than just highly trained astronauts."航天梦成了每个美国人都触手可及的梦想The dream of space flight is extending to everyday Americans.这架航天飞机被誉为最为安全便捷的太空飞船The shuttle is seen as an easy safe route to the final frontier.但在1986年1月28日But on January 28, 1986,起飞后仅仅73秒just 73 seconds after it takes off,挑战者号便发生了爆炸全国直播Challenger explodes, live on national television.很明显过了好几秒You could see that it took the audience a few seconds观众才明白他们眼前发生了什么to realize what they were seeing,因为这真的难以理解because it was so hard to interpret.7条生命无一幸免Seven lives lost.悲剧就在眨眼之间发生这怎么可能All of a sudden it was like "How could that have happened?"戴维·鲍尔达奇[犯罪推理小说作家]国家航空航天局I mean, NASA, the United States,我们美国在这一领域领先全球we're like the best in the world at this.到底发生了什么What happened?挑战者号全速下坠Challenger, go with throttle up.这好似当头一棒It was like a blow to the gut of the nation.失败在所难免And we do fail at times,。
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第十二集黄金时代美国国力已达到鼎盛时期America is at the height of its power.各种创新和发明把这个国家带入了Innovation and invention will define一个科技日新月异社会空前繁荣的新时代 a new era of prosperity and technological wonder.一项发明以及随之而来的One invention will change the world.历史上最大规模的通讯革命Along with the biggest communications revolution 将改变世界ever seen.旧的威胁逐渐淡去And while old threats fade,新的挑战将使美国经历前所未有的考验new challenges will test America as never before.我们是前锋也是先驱we are pioneers and trailblazers.我们为自由而战We fight for freedom.我们将梦想付诸现实We transform our dreams into the truth.我们的奋斗将换来一个国家的新生Our struggles will become a nation.第十二集黄金时代70年代的美国在国际上The 1970s, America is locked in陷于与另一个超级大国:苏联的对峙 a gloabal standoff with another superpower, the Soviet Union.冷战时期It's the Cold War.共产主义与资本主义Communism and capitalism为争夺意识形态霸主地位而冲突不断clash in an ideological battle for supremacy.对许多人而言这个时期充满了恐惧和不确定性For many, it's an era of fear and uncertainty.核梦魇Nuclear nightmares.到冷战结束时By the end of the Cold War,两国所囤积的爆炸性武器the rival countries will amass enough explosive firepower足以摧毁100万个广岛for over a million Hiroshimas.冷战还存在另一个战场太空竞赛But the Cold War has another battlefield: the Space Race.当美国人率先将人类送上月球的时候And when America claimed the prize by putting man on the moon,那个时代标志性的科技成果也日渐成熟 a technology that will define the era comes of age.电视Television.1亿8千5百万美国人共同守候在电视机前185 Million Americans are united in front of their TV sets.现在再回看当时的影像Looking back at those images now,我们还是会惊叹图像如此清晰we marveled at the clarity of the picture.布莱恩·威廉斯[NBC晚间新闻主播]这可是从月球上传回来的实时画面啊This was live from the moon, after all!科技的高度发展令人叹为观止It was the height of technology and we marveled at it.1940年整个美国只有几千台电视In 1940, there are just a few thousand TV sets in the whole country..到1970年这个数字超过了6000万By 1970, there are over 60 million.电视将成为塑造新时代的决定性角色TV will play a defining role in shaping a new era.美国一向热衷于采用新科技America has always tried to adopt new technologies.鲍勃·鲁兹[前通用汽车公司副总裁]大家今天司空见惯的电视Television, as we know it today,当初设想之时这一定是个疯狂的主意I mean, it was considered, think about this crazy idea.我们可以向美国任何地方传送动态的影像We can send moving images to any place in the United States.但美国的辉煌But America's been built正是源于科技发展与革新on technological innovation and invention从蒸汽船和六发左轮手枪到人手一辆的汽车From steam boats and six-guns to automobiles for everyone.科技引领他们征服着这片大陆It's conquered a continent with technology.然而纵观美国发展历史But throughout the nation's history,真正起着决定性作用的是通讯技术的发展it is communications technology that played a defining role.1865年1865,电报帮助亚伯拉罕·林肯率领的北方军the telegraph help its President Abraham Lincoln在内战中取胜win the war for the North.他几乎亲自掌控与指挥每一场战役He virtually seize and can command every battle.1945年1945,艾森豪威尔麾下的资深通讯专家大卫·沙诺夫David Sarnoff, Eisenhower's most senior communications expert,协助美国开发了电视机helped develop television for America.美国无线电公司大卫·沙诺夫研究中心RCA实验区到1950年沙诺夫创立了By 1950, Sarnoff creates世界上最大的电视广播网之一one of the biggest TV broadcast networks in the world.NBC 国家广播公司电视不仅是一种新的娱乐方式TV may be a new form of entertainment,更是当时最强大的通讯设备but it's also the most powerful communications device in existence.阿伦·索尔金[剧作家]沙诺夫意识到Sarnoff recognized that电视将成为一股强大的力量there was going to be awesome power.但随之而来的And that, with that awesome power--将是更为重大的责任was going to come awesome responsibility.到1970年美国公众收看电视的数量By 1970, the American public is watching more television超过了所有其他国家than any nation on earth.人们每天在电视前的时间均不下5小时Over five hours a day for every man, woman and child.电视新闻节目的数量There are more TV news programs也远超其他国家than any country in the world.七成以上的成年人Over 70% of the adult population每晚都收看电视新闻watch the television news every evening.而当登月实况在电视上播出时And when pictures of the moon landings are broadcast live,这已不仅是技术上的成功it isn't just a technological success,而更象征着冷战中的胜利it is a symbolic victory in the Cold War.但有场真正的战争其实更加性命攸关But there's a real war closer to American lives.越南战争Vietnam.美国深陷东南亚的一场鏖战 A bitter conflict in Southeast Asia.美国惧怕共产主义风暴席卷这一地区America fears communism will sweep the region想要阻止这一态势and wants to stop its influence.但强大的美军与先进的武器But the U.S. Military and all its technology却终不敌背水一战的游击队comes up hard against determined guerrilla movements.为这场战争And the war is being fought美国征召了几十万年轻士兵by hundreds of thousands of drafted young Americans.我们召集了大量刚满18岁的孩子We ask so much of our 18-year-olds跋涉到一个无异于野生丛林的陌生国度to go over to a foreign land, the jungle no less与当地游击队作战他们熟悉地形and fight gorillas who are home on their turf并且对外来入侵非常反感and don't like at all the invading army.参加越战的这代人The generation that is fighting the Vietnam war正是婴儿潮一代are the baby boomers.也是数量最为庞大的一代The biggest ever American generation.逾五千万美国新生儿在战后15年间诞生Over 50 million new Americans born in 15 postwar years.这数量庞大的一代人This huge generation are不同于以往的任何一代unlike any Americans who have come before,他们对于社会的态度和影响and their influence and attitude toward society注定将改变整个美国的面貌are destined to change the face of America.60年代这代人的改变是必然的The 1960s were inevitable.最伟大的一代[二战中的一代] The greatest generation came home固守着人生价值的信念凯旋with fixed idea of what life should be about,汤姆·布罗考[原NBC新闻主播]他们忙着从战争的阴霾中走出And they were so busy putting their own lives back together again回归原来的生活in a traditional fashion根本无暇顾及下一代that they weren't paying attention to细微而敏感的心理变化the changing sensibilities of their children.美国每10到15年就会发生一次蜕变America in a way reinvents itself every 10 or 15 years.而这种蜕变And that reinvention is往往是被上一代人所恐惧与排斥的always feared by the generation that came before.1969年6月June 1969,纽约州北部upstate New York.伍德斯托克音乐节Woodstock.这原本是一场容纳10万人的周末音乐会 A weekend concert for over 100,000 ticket-hoders,却挤满了近50万婴儿潮一代的乐迷was over run by nearly half million baby boomers.还有100万在四周守候Over a million more tried to get in.这是世界范围内空前盛大的音乐节It is the world's biggest ever music festival 并成为了婴儿潮一代年轻人的交际盛会and become the boomer's coming out party,标志着美国新一代成为了社会的主流 a signal to America of the generational change taking place.我们原本刻板拘泥Coming from the society culture一本正经的社会文化that was fairly buttoned up and prim and proper蒂姆·甘[时尚顾问]突然间闯入了伍德斯托克音乐节to one that suddenly was what we had Woodstock.闯入了嬉皮士We had hippiedom.闯入了自由性爱We had free love.婴儿潮这代人深深地影响了Baby bombers had a huge tremendous impact 玛格丽特·周[喜剧演员]我们对世界的看法对社会的看法on how we view the world and how we view society.然而他们反抗的But the baby boomers aren't just rebeling并不仅仅是其父辈的价值观against their parents' values.他们开始试图用街头游行的方式People begin to attempt to affect from the streets比弗利·盖奇[耶鲁大学]向对外政策的最高制定者们施压the highest levels of foreign policy.美军立即撤出印度支那婴儿潮的一代人想要越战结束The baby boomers want an end to the Vietnam war,并在街上游行抗议示威and they take their protest to the street.为自己的信仰挺身而出The willingness to stand up for what you believe in,进行大规模的示威游行in mass demonstrations of revolt,梅丽尔·斯特里普[著名女演员奥斯卡影后]这才是真正的美国精神that's very American.在越战中人们不愿违背自己的意愿In the Vietnam war, people were unwilling to die,让我们的士兵回家为他们并不支持的战争卖命for something they didn't believe in."反抗"是美国民族性格上深深的烙印Protest is deep in the American character.清教徒对旧世界及宗教迫害的反抗The pilgrims against the old world and religious persecution.殖民地对宗主国及其苛捐杂税的反抗The colonies against the British and their taxes.弗雷德里克·道格拉斯和哈莉特·塔布曼对奴隶制的反抗Frederick Douglas and Harriet Tubman against slavery..20世纪70年代1970s.数以千计的反越战抗议游行相继爆发There have been thousands of anti-Vietnam war protests.俄亥俄州肯特州立大学Kent State University, Ohio.国民警卫队被调往镇压游行的500名学生The National Guard are ordered in to control 500 protesting students.电视转播着这一切Television is here watching.4名学生中弹身亡Four students are shot dead..正是电视转播将画面传入千家万户I think that that drove it home for a lot of Americans,观众得以直击现场to see on their television,这使得大众群情激昂义愤填膺and to have this mass of people who felt so passionately about it.美国人相信眼见为实The images. You know, America is a very visual country.珍妮特·沃尔斯[著名作家]越战期间首次实现了战事的电视转播And because Vietnam is the first televised war,每一场战役伤亡情况都有新闻报道battles and casualty lists are daily news events.电视将血淋淋的战争Television brings the reality of the war展现在每个人眼前into the nation's living rooms.就如同百年前内战战地摄影师Just as hundred years ago Civil Warphotographer揭露了战争的恐怖一般revealed the true horror of war,如今电视新闻节目开始颠覆整个国家now TV news images begin to turn the nation.我们已经损失了5万余士兵We had already lost over 50,000 soldiers,伤员更是不计其数many more wounded than that.戴维·鲍尔达奇[犯罪推理小说作家]我想多数美国人已经意识到越战的无望I think most Americans realized Vietnam was a hopeless cause.在越战中的投弹数量超过了整个二战More bombs than were droped in the whole World War II.数千亿美元白白消耗Hundreds of billions of dollars.但保留在大多数美国人记忆中的But what the most Americans remember是他们在电视中看到的画面are the pictures they see on their TV sets.目睹着西贡[今胡志明市]的残兵爬上直升机Watching people in Sigon clinging to helicopters丹尼尔·席尔瓦[著名作家]落荒而逃as we left in disgrace.这是一幅极不符合美国信念的画面This is a profoundly unAmerican notion. 1975年1975,越战终于结束了the Vietnam War is finally over.越南退伍军人从多重意义上来讲正是反战运动In many ways it really was the anti-war movement改变了后世对于越战的印象on the ground that shaped our story of Vietnam某种程度上反战运动也是对战争的真实体验and to some degree the actual experience of the war.对于许多婴儿潮时期出生的人来说For many of the baby boomers,抗议和反叛是为了更为远大的目标the protest and rebellion has a wider aim: 即创造一种全新的生活方式to create a completely new way of life.你可以反抗父母反抗社会You could rebel against your parents and rebel against society去创造属于你自己的乌托邦while creating your own utopia,这是典型的60年代的理想this is a very 60s ideal.打造一片可以放飞梦想的乐土Creating a land where you can live your dreams 这正是美国性格的一部分is part of the American character.同时也是清教徒来到美国的动力The reason that the pilgrims came to America.以及摩门拓荒者西进的原因Why Mormon pioneers headed west.婴儿潮的一代并非在找寻新的大陆The baby boomers aren't looking for a new land.而是想改变美国社会They want to change American society,真正的革命是由伟大的爱来引导的释放所有政治犯真理是囚禁不了的使其变得更加公平make it a fairer place.60年代末70年代初As the 60s turn into the 70s,黑人行动主义原住民土地所有权black activism, native American land rights,释放黑豹党人同性恋权利生态保护及女权主义gay rights, ecology and feminism在游行的压力下被一一提上日程burst on to the agenda and the streets.姐妹们联合起来与压迫我们的制度作斗争婴儿潮一代重塑着美国社会The baby boom generation shaped America,职场中为女性争取平等权利的运动the movement for equality for women in the workplace随之发起certainly came out of that.美国历史中的这一时期There is a tiny moment in American history让美国女性重拾自信gave a lot of confidence to American women,安妮特·戈登·里德[罗格斯大学历史学教授]自由就是自由Freedom is freedom.梅莉莎·埃瑟里奇[歌手作曲家]无论男女都是平等的All men and women are created equal.我之前对水门事件一无所知I had no prior knowledge of the Watergate break-in.我既未参与I neither took part in也对随后的掩饰行为毫不知情nor knew about any of the subsequent cover-up activities..水门大厦民主党全国委员会1974年尼克松总统牵涉到1974, President Nixon is implicated in the break in闯入其政敌总部并安装窃听设备的事件中and the bugging of his political rivals headquarters.他被指控掩盖罪行He's accused of covering up the crime.美国联邦法院国会启动了弹劾程序Congress starts an impeachment process电视对此进行了现场直播which transmits live on television.国家的最高首脑Holders of the highest offices in the land面对着数百万观众接受质询are subjected to a grilling watched by millions.尼克松政府因遭逢电视时代而一败涂地The Nixon administration hits the TV age and losses,滚出去H.W.布兰茨[德克萨斯大学教授]尽管在之前的美国历史中也存在着丑闻There had been scandals previously in American history,但却从未像水门事件这样but none that unfolded on television,在电视上迅速曝光with the immediacy of the Watergate Scandal.水门丑闻所表现的What was revealed by the Watergate Scandal官场腐败程度was a level of internal corruption,欺骗程度 a level of deception与对美国民主的亵渎and a real violation of American democracy当时就连美国政论家that even critics of the American government都绝对想象不到up to that point simply hadn't imagined.对于大多数人而言It was the last nail in the coffin you might say of,戴维·M·肯尼迪[斯坦福大学历史学教授]这是压垮公众信念的最后一根稻草for many, many people of Americans confidence in their own society.我将在明天中午辞去总统之职I shall resign the presidency effective at noon tomorrow.史上唯一一位在任上辞职的总统The only president ever to resign the office. 85%的美国家庭通过电视直播收看其辞职演说His speech watched live by 85% of all American households.媒体与电视的自由显示了其真正的力量Freedom of the press and TV showing their true power.媒体在水门事件中的力量表明I mean, the power of Watergate is saying我们需要自由媒体you need a free press.索莱达·奥布莱恩[CNN首席主持人]如果没有自由的媒体Because there are some things that you will not learn那么有些事情我们将永远不得而知if you do not have a free press.电视见证了一位总统的下台While television proves the downfall of one President,将美国推向危机throws America into crisis,然而另一位总统将学会利用它another will learn to use this new technology重塑美国人的信心将美国带入新纪元to rebuild American confidence and usher in a new era.70年代末80年代初As the 70s turn into the 80s特拉华的美国汽车工人联合会的工人亟需工作美国陷入困境America feels bruised.中东石油危机The Middle East oil crisis.对不起没油了油泵已关在伊朗的美国人质事件American hostages in Iran.美国束手无策我们需要工作恳请政府与国会马上行动起来调查表明仅剩22%的美国民众信任政府Surveys show only 22% of Americans trust the government.失业和通货膨胀Unemployment and inflation双双达到大萧条以来的最高水平are both at the highest levels since the Great Depression.美国曾经历过经济低谷America has endured economic downtimes before.上世纪30年代In the 1930s,罗斯福采用积极的财政政策Roosevelt tries to bring America out of its Great Depression将美国带出大萧条的阴霾with government spending in new initiatives.同时他充分利用了新媒体的力量But he also harnesses the power of a new media--用广播直接传播到全国radio-- to speak directly to the nation.富兰克林·罗斯福拥有神奇的魔力Franklin Roosevelt had this truly mysterious capacity他在广播中的讲话to speak through the radio in a way that戴维·M·肯尼迪[斯坦福大学]不仅能吸引民众的注意还能激发他们的感情compelled not just the attention but the affection of影响千百万民众millions upon millions of his countrymen.半个世纪之后Now half a century later,一位新总统利用电视 a new President uses television重建整个国家的信心in his attempt to restore the nation's confidence.我们怎能不信任我们伟大的祖国How can we not believe in the greatness of America.又怎能不去行正义和必要之事How can we not do what is right and needed去保护这世间最后的希望to preserve this last best hope of man on earth.他被称为伟大的沟通者His nick name was the great communicator.他的那种清晰的表达方式He was able to articulate in a way戴维·鲍尔达奇[犯罪推理小说作家]能让人像认同自己美国人身份一样认同他that many people would accept as being innately American.H.W.布兰茨[德克萨斯大学教授]美国人其实愿意相信Americans wanted to believe他们的国家是美好而又强大的that their country was good and strong.里根向他们肯定"是的我们美好而强大" And Reagan spoke to them in a voice that said "Yes, we are".同胞们My fellow citizens,今晚我想和大家谈谈我们的未来I would like to speak to you tonight about our future,谈谈一项有历史意义的伟大努力about a great historic effort让"自由公平希望"这三个词对每位美国公民to give the words "freedom", "fairness" and "hope" new meaning and power都有新意义和新力量for every man and woman in America.具体来说我想谈谈税务的问题Specificly I want to talk about taxes.上世纪80年代是美国经济繁荣的新时代The 1980s appear to be a new era of American financial prosperity.低利率和宽松的信贷政策的盛行Low interest rates and the easy credit flows 引领经济繁荣复苏lead a bussiness boom.在这十余年间Over the course of the decade,华尔街市场交易屡创新高trading on Wall Street markets breaks records,道琼斯指数飙升了超过200个百分点the Dow Jones Index rises more than 200 percent.80年代末By the 1980s,每年便有十万美国人跨入百万富翁的行列100,000 Americans become millionaires every year.美国也曾历经过繁荣There have been boom times before.石油热带来了廉价汽油实现了汽车普及The oil rush leads to cheap gasoline and cars for the masses.廉价钢铁促进了建筑业的繁荣And cheap steel leads to a construction boom,城市迅速发展起来builds new cities.80年代的美国Now in 1980s America,低息贷款刺激了消费cheap credit creates a boom in consumers.信用卡是这个时期的象征The credit card is the symbol of the decade.开发于1958年Invented in 1958,一度是有钱人的专利如今普罗大众也可以拥有once reserved for the wealthy, now it's democratized.到1989年By 1989,持有信用卡的美国人比选民还多more Americans have credit cards than vote in elections.80年代持卡人的借贷额增长了五倍The 80's see cardholders increase their debt by a factor of five.到80年代末美国人By the end of the decade, Americans are spending每年刷卡消费近2500亿美元nearly a quarter of a trillion dollars on their credit cards every year.80年代During the 80s,购物中心的数量甚至比高中学校的数量还多the number of shopping malls surpasses the number of high schools.快餐店的数量增加了78% There's a 78% increase in fast-food stores.十年间餐饮行业消费额翻了一番Spending on restaurant food more than doubles达到2500多亿美元to over 250 billion dollars in decade.那十年可能是美国史上During that decade we probably became最为物欲横流的时期more materialistic than we ever had before.消费创下了历史新高Consumption was off the charts.但消费者真正感兴趣的是科技But what consumers really want is technology, 最新的家用电器the latest home appliances,最新的娱乐技术the latest entertainment technology.1980年时只有200万台录像机There are barely 2 million VCRs in 1980.到了1990年却达到6300多万台Over 63 million by 1990.从最初只有区区几千部手机From a few thousand cell phones,到80年代末发展到超过500万部by the end of the decade there are over 5 million.詹姆斯·梅格斯[《大众机械》杂志总编]你的第一把折叠刀Your first pocket knife,你的第一辆自行车your first bicycle,你的第一辆汽车your first car,如今你的第一部手机today, you know, your first cell phone,你的第一台手提电脑your first laptop,这些都标志着你掌控了自己的世界all these are badges of gaining control over your world,标志着你有能力生活得更好of having, being able to live life better因为你有更先进的工具和使用它们的技术because you have a better tool, and the skill to use it.这让美国人深深地为之心驰神往That's something that's deeply appealing to the American psyche.不过许多消费品的技术进步But many of these consumer technology advances are developed都直接得益于有史以来最大的开支狂潮: directly from the biggest spending spree of all:太空竞赛the Space Race.与苏联的冷战状态仍然处在白热化阶段The Cold War with the Soviet Union is still going strong.紧张态势蔓延全球乃至太空Laying out across the globe and the final frontier.到冷战结束时美国共花费了七万亿美元By the end of the Cold War, 7 trillion dollars has been spent只为了领先于它的共产主义对手keeping America ahead of her communist rival.竞争的结果就是The result,造就了史上最复杂最大胆的航天器: one of the most sophisticated and daring spacecraft ever built:航天飞机The space shuttle.航天飞机真是个非常美妙的想法The space shuttle was a beautiful idea.非常精致的飞船It was an elegant craft,更高效更经济that would be more efficient, more economical因为它可以像飞机那样起飞着陆并重复使用because it could take off and land and be reuseable.发射... and lift off.航天飞机助长了美国的消费热潮The shuttle adds to America's consumer boom.它最重要的功能之一One of its primary functions是搭载通信卫星is to launch communication satellites,用来助涨美国人日益滋长的helping expand America's ever growing appetite 对娱乐通信电话和全球定位系统的需求for entertainment, communications, telephones and GPS.而航天飞机上使用的技术And the technology that goes into the shuttle也造福了地面上的人类also comes back to earth.手机水质净化Cell phones, water purification,飞机起落架消防设备airplane landing gear, fire fighting equipment.无线电动工具医疗技术Cordless power tools, medical tech,甚至滑雪服and even ski wear.这一切都得益于航天飞机计划All benefited from the shuttle program.许多人看来航天飞机是美国的象征For many, the shuttle is symbolic of the American story.它就像是自行应验的预言之一It's like one of those self-fulfilling prophecies.里克·哈里森[金银典当]也就是说You know,我们为了更美好的未来努力let's work for a better future.我们就会得到美好的未来we'll get the better future.迈克尔·道格拉斯[著名演员]谈到拓荒精神Talk about the frontier spirit,它无关成败荣辱it's not a question of succeeding or failure而是不断壮大令人倍受鼓舞it's just continuous growth, which is really inspirational.航天飞机第25次出航25th space shuttle mission...但是整个国家对技术的信奉But the nation's faith in technology即将遭到沉重的一击is about to receive a blow.航天飞机开启了美国的新纪元The shuttle is a new era for America.航天时代的技术带动着国家经济的发展Space-age technology is powering the country forward.这个国家建立在创新之上The nation's been built on innovation.新技术带来了进步财富和扩张New technology create progress, wealth, expansion.随着斧子的改进As axes improve,森林以惊人的速度被开垦forests can be cleared at a greater rate.新的军事技术可以赢得战争 A new military technology wins wars,建立国家makes nations.詹姆斯·梅格斯[《大众机械》总编辑]纵观我们的历史Throughout our history,每一项技术进步都意味着变革every one of these technologies has been transformative in a way改变了经济改变了生活that has changed economies, it's changed lives,也改变了居住模式it's changed settlement patterns.是像安德鲁·卡内基这样的实业家It takes entrepreneurs like Andrew Carnegie.他采用新的钢铁生产技术He takes new steel production techniques实现了钢的大规模生产and supersizes them to produce vast quantities以此为原料建设起了伟大的美国城市of the raw materials that build the great American city.还有像穆赫兰这样的工程天才And engineering geniuses like Mulholland,他修建的长达200英里的洛杉矶引水渠his 200 mile L.A Aqueduct使得这座城市从荒芜之地崛起allows the city to grow from the desparate.但进步往往是以人的牺牲为代价的But progress often carries a human cost. 1825年1825,建造连通五大湖区和纽约的伊利运河building the Erie Canal to connect the Great Lakes to New York City夺去了近千条生命claims nearly 1,000 lives.1865年修建横贯东西的大铁路1865, the transcontinental railroad,近两千人丧生almost 2000 lives.19世纪末20世纪初At the turn of the century,每五名男性中就有两名two out of every five men为了建设美国现代都市的摩天楼而丧命或致残died or are disabled building the skyscrapers of America's new cities.三二一发射Three, two, one. And lift off.如今航天飞机Now the space shuttle是美国科技新纪元的登峰造极之作is the pinnacle of a new era of American technology.1986年是机组最繁忙的一年1986 is to be the fleet's busiest year.被选中的挑战者号机组人员The crew of the Challenger shuttle正是现代美国社会的缩影is chosen to represent cross-section of modern America.他们来自不同种族背景职业Different races, backgrounds, professions.我们总有这样的想法And the idea always was能否让更多人也来参与"Can we begin to open this up somehow to more people巴兹·奥尔德林[实现人类首次登月的阿波罗11号宇航员踏上月球第二人] 而不只是受过高度训练的宇航员than just highly trained astronauts."航天梦成了每个美国人都触手可及的梦想The dream of space flight is extending to everyday Americans.这架航天飞机被誉为最为安全便捷的太空飞船The shuttle is seen as an easy safe route to the final frontier.但在1986年1月28日But on January 28, 1986,起飞后仅仅73秒just 73 seconds after it takes off,挑战者号便发生了爆炸全国直播Challenger explodes, live on national television.很明显过了好几秒You could see that it took the audience a few seconds观众才明白他们眼前发生了什么to realize what they were seeing,因为这真的难以理解because it was so hard to interpret.7条生命无一幸免Seven lives lost.悲剧就在眨眼之间发生这怎么可能All of a sudden it was like "How could that have happened?"戴维·鲍尔达奇[犯罪推理小说作家]国家航空航天局I mean, NASA, the United States,我们美国在这一领域领先全球we're like the best in the world at this.到底发生了什么What happened?挑战者号全速下坠Challenger, go with throttle up.这好似当头一棒It was like a blow to the gut of the nation.失败在所难免And we do fail at times,。