名词性分句

III、名词性关系从句 、
A crab can sense when the tide is about to change. 引导词：what where when whatever whoever whichever why等 相当于：泛指中心词+关系分句 1、主语 What we can do is set by the genes, but what we actually do is largely determined by the environment. 2、宾语 Our reaction confirmed what we already knew. 3、主语补足语 That’s what the books said.
6、作介词补足语 I hadn’t given any thought to what career I wanted to pursue.
Note: if whether 的区别 if 只能引导宾语从句 if 不和or not 直接连用，不能说 if or not, 但可以说if… or not, 而 whether 没有此限制。 如提到两种情况进行选择时，whether 更常用。 The board of directors has not decided whether they will recommend a dividend or hold over the profits. If 一般不用在discuss等动词后的宾语从句中。 If 不用在介词后 We haven’t settled the question of whether he’ll be fired. If 不用在动词不定式之前 I am not sure whether to agree with him on this matter. If 不能引导主语补足语 The question to ask is not whether or not mother should work fullytime. If 不能引导同位语从句 The genes you were born with have a lot to do with whether you are confident, cheerful and optimistic.
5、同位语 They spread the lie everywhere that Tom was guilty of theft. Note: (1) 表示抽象概念的名词：idea belief conclusion impression fact news evidence suggestion hope doubt question promise opinion We have no idea where he has gone. (2)同位语从句还可以用whether when where等引导。 The question who should go abroad on this business tour requires consideration.
ቤተ መጻሕፍቲ ባይዱ
Note ： What 或 how+ 不可数名词或复数名词是感叹从句 还是疑问从句 You can’t imagine what difficulties I have with my children. 你无法想象我的孩子们给了我多么大的困难。 …. the great difficulties I have with my children. 你无法相信我的孩子们带给了我什么样的困难。 …. the kinds of difficulty I have with my children.
SVOC结构中的形式宾语it He has made it clear that the meeting will not be postponed. I heard it said that this factory was founded in 1901.
3、主语补足语 The feeling is that if we teach them to think creatively, they will be better able to function in tomorrow’s society. The result is that children can give back information but can’t recognize ways to apply it to new situations.
I、名词性that 从句 、名词性
1、主语 That the match will be canceled is now certain. Note: （1）it作形式主语，替代that 从句 It is obvious that such uncomfortable feelings must affect people adversely. (2) 主句为疑问句、被动句、感叹句时，that 从句 通常后置。 How strange it is that the children are so quiet! (3)当that从句的谓语是seem, appear, occur ,happen, turn out 等时，that 从句必须后置。 It appears that more men than women are litter louts.
II、名词性wh-疑问从句 、名词性 疑问从句
1、作主语 Where the ad is placed depends on the type of the clientele the company is targeting. Who pays for a date can establish or reflect the roles of each person in the relationship. Note: it 作形式主语替换 wh-疑问从句 It is not yet known just how the placebo works to heal the body. It doesn’t matter what you wear, as long as you look neat and tidy.
4、 They are confident that they can do the job well. I am sorry that he won’t come to the party. ——宾语/原因状语——形容词补足语 描写情感、肯定、或信心的形容词后常有that 引 导的补足语 Afraid certain grateful sorry angry confident happy sure annoyed conscious hopeful surprised anxious convinced pleased thankful ashamed determined positive unaware assured disappointed proud upset aware frightened sad worried certain glad satisfied
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据报道，那家公司几乎破产 The newspapers have it that ？？firm is almost bankrupt.
作介词宾语： I’ll see to it that everything is ready in time. Note: 1) That 引导的宾语从句可以做in，but, except, besides 等介词的宾语，不能做其他介词的宾语。 Men differ from brutes in that they can speak and think. 2）介词+it + that You may depend on it that they will support you.
4、宾语补足语 You can call me what(ever) you like. The old know what loving truly means; the young can only guess. 5、介词补足语 I disagree with what Charles says in his Nike commercial. Note: 歧义情况 1、依据上下文判断 I really could have been anywhere as long as nobody could reach me by phone and I had the peace and quiet to think about what I wanted to do.
2、作宾语 作动词宾语： 作动词宾语 Our lack of modern heroes would also lead us to believe that we no longer need heroes. 我想他们会成功的。 I take it that they will succeed . Note：动词+ it + that ????该that可以省略
其实只要每人能打电话找到我，使我可以平静安 宁地思考我想做的事，我到哪里都可以。 或 其实只要每人能打电话找到我，使我可以平静安 宁地思考我到底想做什么事，我到哪里都可以。
IV、wh-感叹从句 、 感叹从句
What ,how 引导 1、主语（应用it作形式主语） It’s incredible how fast she can run. 她跑的如此之快令人无法相信。 2、作直接宾语 If you now have or have ever had a pet, you know how wonderful it is to have someone there for you. 如果你现在或曾经拥有过宠物，你就会知道有过宠物在那 里等你的感觉是多么美妙。 3、作介词补足语 When I think of it now, I marvel at how much courage it must have taken a grown man to subject himself to such indignity and stress. 一个成年男子要用多少勇气来承受这种屈辱和压力，我现 在想来仍惊讶不已。
2、作宾语 My question is where we are going to have our holidays. The point is when you will become rich. 3、主语补足语 The question is whether he has signed the contract. 4、作形容词补足语 Scientists are not completely sure why it works. 5、作同位语 We have no idea where he has gone. The question who should go abroad on this business tour requires consideration.