2017密云高三一模
2017北京各区高考一模物理试题中的电学实验习题.(一)docx
2017北京各区高考一模物理试题中的电学实验习题(一)1,(海淀区)21.(18分)(2)研究性学习小组的同学们用如图6甲所示的电路测量两节干电池串联而成的电池组的电动势E 和内电阻r 。
实验室提供的器材如下:电压表,电阻箱(阻值范围0~999.9Ω);开关、导线若干。
①请根据图6甲所示的电路图,在图6乙中画出连线,将器材连接成实验电路。
②某同学开始做实验,先把变阻箱阻值调到最大,再接通开关,然后逐次改变电阻箱接入电路的阻值R ,读取与R 对应的电压表的示数U ,并将相应的数据转化为坐标点描绘在U-U /R 图中。
请将图6丙、丁中电阻箱和电压表所示的数据转化为坐标点描绘在图7所示的坐标系中(用“+”表示),并画出U-U /R 图线;③根据图7中实验数据绘出的图线可以得出该电池组电动势的测量值E =_____V ,内电阻测量值r =______Ω。
(保留3位有效数字)④实验测量都存在误差,关于本实验的误差,下列说法中正确的是 (选填选项前的字母)。
A .由于读数所引起的误差属于偶然误差B .利用图象法处理本实验数据可以减小系统误差C .由于电压表内阻引起的误差属于系统误差D .电压表的内阻越大,其引起的误差越大⑤不同小组的同学分别用不同的电池组(均由同一规格的两节干电池串联而成)完成了上述的实验后,发现不同组的电池组的电动势基本相同,只是内电阻差异较大。
同学们选择了内电阻差异较大的甲、乙两个电池组进一步探究,对电池组的输出功率P 随外电阻R 变化的关系,以及电池组的输出功率P 随路端电压U 变化的关系进行了猜想,并分别画出了如图8所示的P-R 和P-U 图象。
若已知甲电池组的内电阻较大,则下列各图中可能正确的是 (选填选项的字母)。
UR/A 图70.250.500.75 1.25 1.50图8ROA RO BUO CUOD丁图6丙乙甲2,(朝阳区)(2)某同学想要描绘标有“3.8 V 0.3 A ”字样的小灯泡L 的伏安特性曲线,要求测量数据、绘制曲线尽量精准。
北京市密云区高三月一模考试理综化学试题
北京市密云区2017届高三一模考试理综化学试题可能用到的相对原子质量: H 1 C 12 O 16 Na 23 Cl 35.5Fe 561.日常生活中常用一些图标来警示或提示人们注意。
以下图标中表示非处方药的是A.B.C.D.【答案】B【解析】A.是节约用水标志,故A错误;B.是非处方药标志,故B正确;C.是资源回收利用标志,故C错误;D.是禁止采摘花草标志,故D错误;答案为B。
【点睛】药品主要包括非处方药和处方药.非处方药是不需要医师处方、即可自行判断、购买和使用的药品,简称OTC.这些药物大都用于多发病常见病的自行诊治,如感冒、咳嗽、消化不良、头痛、发热等.为了保证人民健康,我国非处方药的包装标签、使用说明书中标注了警示语,明确规定药物的使用时间、疗程,并强调指出“如症状未缓解或消失应向医师咨询”.处方药是必须凭执业医师或执助理医师才可调配、购买和使用的药品,简称Rx。
2.下列依据侯氏制碱原理制备少量NaHCO3的实验操作中不能达到....实验目的的是【答案】D【解析】A.实验室常用氯化铵和氢氧化钙固体为反应物,混合加热制备氨气,故A正确;B.二氧化碳从长导管进入,出尾气是短导管,故B正确;C.从溶液中分离碳酸氢钠固体,可用过滤的方法,故C正确;D.碳酸氢钠不稳定,不能直接加热干燥,可烘干,故D错误;故选D。
化学平衡移动原理解释的是3.下列事实不能用...A.收集氯气用排饱和食盐水的方法B.加压条件下有利于SO2和O2反应生成SO3C.将NO2球浸泡在热水中颜色加深D.加催化剂,使N2和H2在一定的条件下转化为NH3【答案】D【点睛】注意把握影响平衡移动的因素以及使用勒夏特列原理的前提;勒夏特列原理为:如果改变影响平衡的条件之一,平衡将向着能够减弱这种改变的方向移动.使用勒夏特列原理时,该反应必须是可逆反应,否则勒夏特列原理不适用.4.下列说法正确的是A.蔬菜水果多属于碱性食物,对人体健康有益B.棉花、合成橡胶都属于合成材料C.蚕丝、羊毛完全燃烧只生成CO2和H2OD.苯、植物油均能使酸性KMnO4溶液褪色【答案】A【解析】A.蔬菜水果在体内最终代谢产物显碱性,对人体健康有益,故A正确;B.棉花属于天然材料,而不是合成材料,故B错误;C.蚕丝、羊毛均为蛋白质,含有碳、氢、氧、氮元素,完全燃烧生成CO2和H2O及N2,故C错误;D.苯分子结构中无碳碳双键,不能使酸性KMnO4溶液褪色,而植物油中脂肪酸中含碳碳双键,能使酸性KMnO4溶液褪色,故D错误;答案为A。
北京市2017年高考数学模拟试题(含答案)
北京市2017年数学模拟试卷本试卷分第一卷(选择题)和第二卷(非选择题)两部分。
第一卷1至2页,第二卷3至4页。
考试结束后,将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
考试时间120分钟。
第一卷(选择题 共60分)注意事项:1. 作答第一卷前,请考生务必将自己的姓名、考试证号用书写黑色字迹的0.5毫米的签字笔填写在答题卡上,并认真核对监考员所粘贴的条形码上的姓名、考试证号是否正确。
2. 第一卷答案必须用2B 铅笔填涂在答题卡上,在其他位置作答一律无效。
每小题选出答案后,用2B 铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。
如需改动,用橡皮擦干净后,再选涂其它答案标号。
参考公式:三角函数的和差化积公式sin sin 2sincos22a b a ba b +-+= sin sin 2cossin22a b a ba b +--= cos cos 2cos cos22a b a ba b +-+=cos cos 2sinsin22a b a ba b +--=- 若事件A 在一次试验中发生的概率是p ,由它在n 次独立重复试验中恰好发生k 次的概率()C (1)k k n kn n P k p p -=- 一组数据12,,,n x x x 的方差2222121()()()n S x x x x x x n⎡⎤=-+-++-⎣⎦ 其中x 为这组数据的平均值一.选择题:本大题共有12小题,每小题5分,共60分.在每小题给出的四个选项中,只有一项是符合题目要求的.1.函数123()x y x -=+∈R 的反函数的解析表达式为(A )22log 3y x =- (B )23log 2x y -= (C )23log 2xy -= (D )22log 3y x=- 2.设集合{}1,2A =,{}1,2,3B =,{}2,3,4C =,则()A B C =(A ){}1,2,3(B ){}1,2,4(C ){}2,3,4(D ){}1,2,3,43.在正三棱柱111ABC A B C -中,若2AB =,11AA =,则点A 到平面1A BC 的距离为(A )34(B )32(C )334(D )34.在各项都为正数的等比数列{}n a 中,首项13a =,前三项的和为21,则345a a a ++=(A ) 33 (B ) 72(C ) 84(D ) 1895.抛物线24y x =上的一点M 到焦点的距离为1,则点M 的纵坐标是6.ABC △中,3A p=,3BC =,则ABC △的周长为 (A )43sin()33B p ++ (B )43sin()36B p++(C )6sin()33B p ++ (D )6sin()36B p++7.设a 、b 、g 为两两不重合的平面,l 、m 、n 为两两不重合的直线,给出下列四个命题:① 若a g ⊥,b g ⊥,则//a b ;② 若m a ⊂,n a ⊂,//m b ,//n b ,则//a b ;③ 若//a b ,l a ⊂,则//l b ;④ 若l a b = ,m b g = ,n g a = ,//l g ,则//m n . 其中真命题的个数是 (A ) 1(B ) 2(C ) 3 (D ) 4 8.在一次歌手大奖赛上,七位评委为某歌手打出的分数如下:9.4 8.49.49.99.69.49.7去掉一个最高分和一个最低分后,所剩数据的平均值和方差分别为 (A ) 9.4,0.484 (B ) 9.4,0.016(C ) 9.5,0.04(D ) 9.5,0.0169.若1sin()63p a -=,则2cos(2)3p a += (A )79-(B )13-(C )13(D )7910.设1,2,3,4,5k =,则5(2)x +的展开式中k x 的系数不可能...是 (A ) 10 (B ) 40 (C ) 50 (D ) 8011.四棱锥的8条棱分别代表8种不同的化工产品,有公共点的两条棱所代表的化工产品放在同一仓库是危险的,没有公共点的两条棱所代表的化工产品放在同一仓库是安全的.现打算用编号为①、②、③、④的4个仓库存放这8种化工产品,那么安全存放的不同方法种数为(A ) 96 (B ) 48 (C ) 24 (D ) 012.点(3,1)P -在椭圆22221(0)x y a b a b+=>>的左准线上.过点P 且方向为(2,5)=-a 的光线,经过直线2y =-反射后通过椭圆的左焦点,则这个椭圆的离心率为(A )33(B )13(C )22(D )12第二卷(非选择题 共90分)注意事项:请用书写黑色字迹的0.5毫米的签字笔在答题卡上指定区域内作答,在试题卷上作答一律无效。
2017学年度高三第一次模拟考试试题及答案
2017学年度高三第一次模拟考试试题及答案政治中考来临之前,学生要想在有限的时间内提高复习效率,除了要背熟课本的理论知识外,还要做一点相应的试题练习。
下面小编整理了2017学年度高三第一次模拟考试试题及答案,一起来看看吧!2017学年度高三第一次模拟考试试题第Ⅰ卷选择题部分(共48分)本卷共24个小题,每小题2分,共48分。
在每小题给出的四个选项中,只有一项最符合题目要求。
请将正确答案涂在答题卡上。
1.2015年某县的橙子大获丰收,但成熟时间较往年推迟,错过了在春节上市的最佳时机,造成滞销。
后来,在当地政府的帮助下,橙子滞销问题得到了解决,实现了“惊险一跃”。
经济学之所以把上述过程称为“惊险一跃”是因为A.商品价值的实现存在不确定性B.货币流通手段的作用不易发挥C.商品使用价值很容易被损耗D.商品价格难以用货币表现2.在一定时期内,商品流通中所需要的货币量受到各种因素彭响,下列选顶中,使我国货币需求增加的因素有①人民币流通速度下降②信用卡的广泛使用③人民币境外流通规模扩大④商品的社会劳动生产率提高A.①②B.①③C.②④D.③④3.随着美国经济逐步呈现出稳定复苏态势,美联储决定退出量化宽松政策(QE),大多数经济学家认为,就业增长足够强劲,可以支持美联储开始缩减每月851亿美元的QE规模。
如果美国退出量化宽松政策,对中国经济可能带来的影响有①美国信贷投放规模扩大→中国输入性通货膨胀压力增大→国内物价总水平上涨②美国信贷投放规模缩小→中国输入性通货膨胀压力减少→国内物价总水平回落③美国通货膨胀压力减小→美元升值→国外热钱流入减少→人民币升值压力减轻④美国通货膨胀压力加大→美元贬值→人民币升值→中国出口商品竞争力下降A.①③B.①④C.②③D.②④4.随着雾霾天气长期大范围持续,越来越多的家庭选择使用空气净化器。
售价看涨的走势成为该行业发展的催化剂。
不考虑其他因素,图中能正确反映这种变动关系的是A.①→③B.①→④C.②→③D.②→④5产能利用率(实际产能/设计产能×100%)在75 %以下即可称之为产能过剩,假设2015年甲省某企业粗钢设计产能约200万吨,粗钢价格2200元/吨,产能利用率为70%。
北京市密云县2017年中考数学一模试卷
北京市密云县2017年中考数学一模试卷一、选择题(本题共32分,每小题4分)下列各题均有四个选项,其中只有一个是符合题意的. B.2.2016年北京市的经济又迈上新的台阶,全市地区生产总值达到了1 780 000 000 000元,为( )A .13° B . 26° C . 52° D . 78°5.在一个不透明的袋子里装有3个黑球和2个白球,他们除颜色外都相同,随机从中摸出. B . C . D .. B . C . D .8.如图,一只蚂蚁从O 点出发,沿着扇形OAB 的边缘匀速爬行一周,设蚂蚁的运动时间为t ,蚂蚁到O 点的距离为S ,则S 关于t 的函数图象大致为( ).B.C.D .二、填空题(本题共16分,每小题4分)9.分解因式:a3﹣2a2+a=.10.已知扇形的圆心角为120°,半径为3cm,则这个扇形的面积为cm2.11.将一副三角板按图中方式叠放,则角α的度数为.12.观察下列等式:第1个等式:a1==×(1﹣);第2个等式:a2==×(﹣);第3个等式:a3==×(﹣);第4个等式:a4==×(﹣);…请解答下列问题:(1)按以上规律列出第5个等式:a5==;(2)求a1+a2+a3+a4+…+a100的值为.三、解答题(本题共30分,每小题5分)13.计算:.14.解不等式:5(x﹣2)+8<6(x﹣1)+7.15.已知(a≠b),求的值.16.已知:如图,AB=AE,∠1=∠2,∠B=∠E.求证:BC=ED.17.如图,已知直线L1经过点A(﹣1,0)与点B(2,3),另一条直线L2经过点B,且与x轴相交于点P(m,0).(1)求直线L1的解析式.(2)若△APB的面积为3,求m的值.(提示:分两种情形,即点P在A的左侧和右侧)18.某服装厂设计了一款新式夏装,想尽快制作8800件投入市场,服装厂有AB两个制衣间,A车间每天加工的数量是B车间的1.2倍,A、B两车间共完成一半后,A车间出现故障停产,剩下全部由B车间单独完成,结果前后共用了20天完成,求A、B两车间每天分别能加工多少件.四、解答题(本题共20分,每小题5分)19.如图,已知菱形ABCD,AB=AC,E、F分别是BC、AD的中点,连接AE、CF.(1)证明:四边形AECF是矩形;(2)若AB=8,求菱形的面积.20.如图,PA、PB分别与⊙O相切于点A、B,点M在PB上,且OM∥AP,MN⊥AP,垂足为N.(1)求证:OM=AN;(2)若⊙O的半径R=3,PA=9,求OM的长.21.某市对教师试卷讲评课中学生参与的深度和广度进行评价,其评价项目为主动质疑、独立思考、专注听讲、讲解题目四项.评价组随机抽取了若干名初中生的参与情况,绘制了如下两幅不完整的统计图.请根据图中所给的信息解答下列问题:(1)这次评价中,一共抽查了560名学生;(2)请将条形统计图补充完整;(3)如果全市有16万初中学生,那么在试卷讲评课中,“独立思考”的学生约有多少万人?22.如图,长方形制片ABCD中,AB=8cm,AD=6cm,按下列步骤进行裁减和拼图第一步:如图①,在线段AD上任意取一点E,沿EB,EC剪下一个三角形纸片EBC(余下部分不再使用);第二步:如图②,沿三角形EBC的中位线GH将纸片剪成两部分,并在线段GH上任意取一点M,线段BC上任意取一点N,沿MN将梯形纸片GBCH剪成两部分;第三步:如图③,将MN左侧纸片绕G点按顺时针方向旋转180°,使线段GB与GE重合,将MN右侧纸片绕H点按逆时针方向旋转180°,使线段HC与HE重合,拼成一个与三角形纸片EBC面积相等的四边形纸片.(注:裁剪和拼图过程均无缝且不重叠)(1)所拼成得四边形是什么特殊四边形?(2)则拼成的这个四边形纸片的周长的最小值是多少?五、解答题(本题共22分,第23题7分,第24题7分,第25题8分)23.在平面直角坐标系内,反比例函数和二次函数y=k(x2+x﹣1)的图象交于点A(1,k)和点B(﹣1,﹣k).(1)当k=﹣2时,求反比例函数的解析式;(2)要使反比例函数和二次函数都是y随着x的增大而增大,求k应满足的条件以及x的取值范围;(3)设二次函数的图象的顶点为Q,当△ABQ是以AB为斜边的直角三角形时,求k的值.24.如图1,在等腰梯形ABCD中,AD∥BC,E是AB的中点,过点E作EF∥BC交CD于点F.AB=4,BC=6,∠B=60度.(1)求点E到BC的距离;(2)点P为线段EF上的一个动点,过P作PM⊥EF交BC于点M,过M作MN∥AB交折线ADC于点N,连接PN,设EP=x.①当点N在线段AD上时(如图2),△PMN的形状是否发生改变?若不变,求出△PMN的周长;若改变,请说明理由;②当点N在线段DC上时(如图3),是否存在点P,使△PMN为等腰三角形?若存在,请求出所有满足要求的x的值;若不存在,请说明理由.25.如图,经过原点的抛物线y=﹣x2+2mx(m>0)与x轴的另一个交点为A.过点P(1,m)作直线PM⊥x轴于点M,交抛物线于点B.记点B关于抛物线对称轴的对称点为C(B、C不重合).连接CB,CP.(1)当m=3时,求点A的坐标及BC的长;(2)当m>1时,连接CA,问m为何值时CA⊥CP?(3)过点P作PE⊥PC且PE=PC,问是否存在m,使得点E落在坐标轴上?若存在,求出所有满足要求的m的值,并定出相对应的点E坐标;若不存在,请说明理由.分析:根据互为倒数的两个数的积等于1解答.解答:解:∵(﹣)×(﹣6)=1,∴﹣的倒数是﹣6.故选B.点评:本题考查了倒数的定义,熟记概念是解题的关键.分析:根据概率公式先求出总的球数,再进行计算即可.解答:解:∵袋子里装有3个黑球和2个白球,共5个球,∴随机从中摸出一个球,摸到黑球的概率是,故选C.点评:此题考查了概率公式,如果一个事件有n种可能,而且这些事件的可能性相同,其中事件A出现m种结果,那么事件A的概率P(A)=.后的第三个数.解答:解:8,9,8,7,10的平均数为×(8+9+8+7+10)=8.4.8,9,8,7,10排序后为7,8,8,9,10,故中位数为8.故选B.点评:本题考查了中位数及算术平均数的求法,特别是中位数,首先应该排序,然后再根据二、填空题(本题共16分,每小题4分)10.(4分)(2013•密云县一模)已知扇形的圆心角为120°,半径为3cm,则这个扇形的面积为3πcm2.分析:根据扇形的面积公式即可求解.解答:解:扇形的面积==3πcm2.故答案是:3π.点评:本题主要考查了扇形的面积公式,正确理解公式是解题关键.11.(4分)(2013•密云县一模)将一副三角板按图中方式叠放,则角α的度数为75°.可解答.解答:解:∵图中是一副三角板,∴∠2=45°,∠1=90°﹣45°=45°,∴∠α=∠1+30°=45°+30°=75°.故答案为:75°.点评:本题考查的是三角形外角的性质,即三角形的外角等于与之不相邻的两个内角的和.12.(4分)(2013•密云县一模)观察下列等式:第1个等式:a1==×(1﹣);第2个等式:a2==×(﹣);第3个等式:a3==×(﹣);第4个等式:a4==×(﹣);…请解答下列问题:(1)按以上规律列出第5个等式:a5==×(﹣);(2)求a1+a2+a3+a4+…+a100的值为.(2)运用(1)中变化规律计算得出即可.解答:解:(1)第1个等式:a1==×(1﹣);第2个等式:a2==×(﹣);第3个等式:a3==×(﹣);第4个等式:a4==×(﹣);…则第5个等式:a5==×(﹣);故答案为:,×(﹣);(2)a1+a2+a3+a4+…+a100=×(1﹣)+×(﹣)+…+×(﹣),=×(1﹣+﹣+…+﹣),=×(1﹣),=.故答案为:.点评:此题考查了数字的规律及运用规律计算.寻找规律大致可分为2个步骤:不变的和变三、解答题(本题共30分,每小题5分)13.(5分)计算:.14.(5分)解不等式:5(x﹣2)+8<6(x﹣1)+7.15.已知(a≠b),求的值.:计算题.分析:求出=,通分得出﹣,推出,化简得出,代入求出即可.解答:解:∵+=,∴=,∴﹣,=﹣,=,=,=,=.点评:本题考查了通分,约分,分式的加减的应用,能熟练地运用分式的加减法则进行计算是解此题的关键,用了整体代入的方法(即把当作一个整体进行代入).16.已知:如图,AB=AE,∠1=∠2,∠B=∠E.求证:BC=ED.△ABC≌△AED,再根据全等三角形对应边相等可得BC=ED.解答:证明:∵∠1=∠2,∴∠1+∠BAD=∠2+∠BAD,即:∠EAD=∠BAC,在△EAD和△BAC中,∴△ABC≌△AED(ASA),∴BC=ED.点评:此题主要考查了全等三角形的判定与性质,关键是掌握全等三角形的判定方法:SSS、17.如图,已知直线L1经过点A(﹣1,0)与点B(2,3),另一条直线L2经过点B,且与x轴相交于点P(m,0).(1)求直线L1的解析式.(2)若△APB的面积为3,求m的值.(提示:分两种情形,即点P在A的左侧和右侧)(2)分两种情形,即点P在A的左侧和右侧分别求出P点坐标,再求解.解答:解:(1)设直线L1的解析式为y=kx+b,由题意得,解得.所以直线L1的解析式为y=x+1.(2)当点P在点A的右侧时,AP=m﹣(﹣1)=m+1,有S△APB=×(m+1)×3=3,解得:m=1.此时点P的坐标为(1,0).当点P在点A的左侧时,AP=﹣1﹣m,有S△APB=×|﹣m﹣1|×3=3,解得:m=﹣3,此时,点P的坐标为(﹣3,0).综上所述,m的值为1或﹣3.点评:本题要注意利用一次函数的特点,列出方程组,求出未知数求得函数解析式;利用P18.某服装厂设计了一款新式夏装,想尽快制作8800件投入市场,服装厂有AB两个制衣间,A车间每天加工的数量是B车间的1.2倍,A、B两车间共完成一半后,A车间出现故障停产,剩下全部由B车间单独完成,结果前后共用了20天完成,求A、B两车间每天分别能加工多少件.量关系可列出方程+=20,解方程可得答案,注意不要忘记检验.解答:解:设B车间每天能加工x件,则A车间每天能加工1.2x件,由题意得:+=20,解得:x=320,经检验:x=320是原分式方程的解,1.2×320=384(件).答:A车间每天能加工384件,B车间每天能加工320件.点评:此题主要考查了分式方程的应用,关键是正确理解题意,找出题目中的等量关系,再四、解答题(本题共20分,每小题5分)19.如图,已知菱形ABCD,AB=AC,E、F分别是BC、AD的中点,连接AE、CF.(1)证明:四边形AECF是矩形;(2)若AB=8,求菱形的面积.(2)根据勾股定理求出AE的长度,然后利用菱形的面积等于底乘以高计算即可得解.解答:(1)证明:∵四边形ABCD是菱形,∴AB=BC,又∵AB=AC,∴△ABC是等边三角形,∵E是BC的中点,∴AE⊥BC(等腰三角形三线合一),∴∠1=90°,∵E、F分别是BC、AD的中点,∴AF=AD,EC=BC,∵四边形ABCD是菱形,∴AD∥BC且AD=BC,∴AF∥EC且AF=EC,∴四边形AECF是平行四边形(一组对边平行且相等的四边形是平行四边形),又∵∠1=90°,∴四边形AECF是矩形(有一个角是直角的平行四边形是矩形);(2)解:在Rt△ABE中,AE==4,所以,S菱形ABCD=8×4=32.点评:本题考查了矩形的判定,菱形的性质,平行四边形的判定,勾股定理的应用,等边三20.如图,PA、PB分别与⊙O相切于点A、B,点M在PB上,且OM∥AP,MN⊥AP,垂足为N.(1)求证:OM=AN;(2)若⊙O的半径R=3,PA=9,求OM的长.∴OB=MN,∠OMB=∠NPM.∴Rt△OBM≌Rt△NPM,∴OM=MP.设OM=x,则NP=9﹣x,在Rt△MNP中,有x2=32+(9﹣x)2∴x=5,即OM=5.点评:本题考查的是切线的性质、全等三角形的判定与性质、勾股定理及矩形的判定与性质,21.某市对教师试卷讲评课中学生参与的深度和广度进行评价,其评价项目为主动质疑、独立思考、专注听讲、讲解题目四项.评价组随机抽取了若干名初中生的参与情况,绘制了如下两幅不完整的统计图.请根据图中所给的信息解答下列问题:(1)这次评价中,一共抽查了560名学生;(2)请将条形统计图补充完整;(3)如果全市有16万初中学生,那么在试卷讲评课中,“独立思考”的学生约有多少万人?(2)用16万乘以“独立思考”的学生所占的百分比即可.解答:解:(1)抽查的学生总人数==560(名);(2)讲解题目的人数=560﹣84﹣168﹣224=84(名),画条形统计图为:(3)∵16×=4.8(万),∴全市在试卷讲评课中,“独立思考”的学生约有4.8万人.故答案为560.点评:本题考查了条形统计图:条形统计图是用线段长度表示数据,根据数量的多少画成长22.如图,长方形制片ABCD中,AB=8cm,AD=6cm,按下列步骤进行裁减和拼图第一步:如图①,在线段AD上任意取一点E,沿EB,EC剪下一个三角形纸片EBC(余下部分不再使用);第二步:如图②,沿三角形EBC的中位线GH将纸片剪成两部分,并在线段GH上任意取一点M,线段BC上任意取一点N,沿MN将梯形纸片GBCH剪成两部分;第三步:如图③,将MN左侧纸片绕G点按顺时针方向旋转180°,使线段GB与GE重合,将MN右侧纸片绕H点按逆时针方向旋转180°,使线段HC与HE重合,拼成一个与三角形纸片EBC面积相等的四边形纸片.(注:裁剪和拼图过程均无缝且不重叠)(1)所拼成得四边形是什么特殊四边形?(2)则拼成的这个四边形纸片的周长的最小值是多少?∴四边形M1N1N2M2是一个平行四边形,(2)其周长为2N1N2+2M1N1=2BC+2MN.∵BC=6cm为定值,∴四边形的周长取决于MN的大小.如答图2所示,是剪拼之前的完整示意图,过G、H点作BC边的平行线,分别交AB、CD于P点、Q点,则四边形PBCQ是一个矩形,这个矩形是矩形ABCD的一半,∵M是线段PQ上的任意一点,N是线段BC上的任意一点,根据垂线段最短,得到MN的最小值为PQ与BC平行线之间的距离,即MN最小值为4cm.点评:此题主要考查了图形的剪拼以及考查了动手操作能力和空间想象能力,确定剪拼之后五、解答题(本题共22分,第23题7分,第24题7分,第25题8分)23.在平面直角坐标系内,反比例函数和二次函数y=k(x2+x﹣1)的图象交于点A(1,k)和点B(﹣1,﹣k).(1)当k=﹣2时,求反比例函数的解析式;(2)要使反比例函数和二次函数都是y随着x的增大而增大,求k应满足的条件以及x的取值范围;(3)设二次函数的图象的顶点为Q,当△ABQ是以AB为斜边的直角三角形时,求k的值.:压轴题.分析:(1)当k=﹣2时,即可求得点A的坐标,然后设反比例函数的解析式为:y=,利用待定系数法即可求得答案;(2)由反比例函数和二次函数都是y随着x的增大而增大,可得k<0,又由二次函数y=k(x2+x﹣1)的对称轴为x=﹣,可得x<﹣时,才能使得y随着x的增大而增大;(3)由△ABQ是以AB为斜边的直角三角形,A点与B点关于原点对称,利用直角三角形斜边上的中线等于斜边的一半,即可得OQ=OA=OB,又由Q(﹣,﹣k),A(1,k),即可得=,继而求得答案.解答:解:(1)当k=﹣2时,A(1,﹣2),∵A在反比例函数图象上,∴设反比例函数的解析式为:y=,代入A(1,﹣2)得:﹣2=,解得:m=﹣2,∴反比例函数的解析式为:y=﹣;(2)∵要使反比例函数和二次函数都是y随着x的增大而增大,∴k<0,∵二次函数y=k(x2+x﹣1)=k(x+)2﹣k,对称轴为:直线x=﹣,要使二次函数y=k(x2+x﹣1)满足上述条件,在k<0的情况下,x必须在对称轴的左边,即x≤﹣时,才能使得y随着x的增大而增大,∴综上所述,k<0且x≤﹣;(3)由(2)可得:Q(﹣,﹣k),∵△ABQ是以AB为斜边的直角三角形,A点与B点关于原点对称,(如图是其中的一种情况)∴原点O平分AB,∴OQ=OA=OB,作AD⊥OC,QC⊥OC,∴OQ==,∵OA==,∴=,解得:k=±.点评:此题考查了二次函数的性质、反比例函数的性质以及直角三角形的性质等知识.此题24.如图1,在等腰梯形ABCD中,AD∥BC,E是AB的中点,过点E作EF∥BC交CD于点F.AB=4,BC=6,∠B=60度.(1)求点E到BC的距离;(2)点P为线段EF上的一个动点,过P作PM⊥EF交BC于点M,过M作MN∥AB交折线ADC于点N,连接PN,设EP=x.①当点N在线段AD上时(如图2),△PMN的形状是否发生改变?若不变,求出△PMN的周长;若改变,请说明理由;②当点N在线段DC上时(如图3),是否存在点P,使△PMN为等腰三角形?若存在,请求出所有满足要求的x的值;若不存在,请说明理由.综合上面的分析把△PMC是等腰三角形的情况找出来就行了.解答:解:(1)如图1,过点E作EG⊥BC于点G.∵E为AB的中点,∴BE=AB=2在Rt△EBG中,∠B=60°,∴∠BEG=30度.∴BG=BE=1,EG=即点E到BC的距离为(2)①当点N在线段AD上运动时,△PMN的形状不发生改变.∵PM⊥EF,EG⊥EF,∴PM∥EG,又EF∥BC,∴四边形EPMG为矩形,∴EP=GM,PM=EG=同理MN=AB=4.如图2,过点P作PH⊥MN于H,∵MN∥AB,∴∠NMC=∠B=60°,又∠PMC=90°,∴∠PMH=∠PMC﹣∠NMC=30°.∴PH=PM=∴MH=PM•cos30°=则NH=MN﹣MH=4﹣在Rt△PNH中,PN=∴△PMN的周长=PM+PN+MN=②当点N在线段DC上运动时,△PMN的形状发生改变,但△MNC恒为等边三角形.当PM=PN时,如图3,作PR⊥MN于R,则MR=NR.类似①,PM=,∠PMR=30°,MR=PMcos30°=×=,∴MN=2MR=3.∵△MNC是等边三角形,∴MC=MN=3.此时,x=EP=GM=BC﹣BG﹣MC=6﹣1﹣3=2.当MP=MN时,∵EG=,∴MP=MN=,∵∠B=∠C=60°,∴△MNC是等边三角形,∴MC=MN=MP=(如图4),此时,x=EP=GM=6﹣1﹣,当NP=NM时,如图5,∠NPM=∠PMN=30度.则∠PNM=120°,又∠MNC=60°,∴∠PNM+∠MNC=180度.因此点P与F重合,△PMC为直角三角形.∴MC=PM•tan30°=1.此时,x=EP=GM=6﹣1﹣1=4.综上所述,当x=2或4或(5﹣)时,△PMN为等腰三角形.点评:本题综合考查了等腰梯形,等腰直角三角形的性质,中位线定理,勾股定理等知识点25如图,经过原点的抛物线y=﹣x2+2mx(m>0)与x轴的另一个交点为A.过点P(1,m)作直线PM⊥x轴于点M,交抛物线于点B.记点B关于抛物线对称轴的对称点为C(B、C 不重合).连接CB,CP.(1)当m=3时,求点A的坐标及BC的长;(2)当m>1时,连接CA,问m为何值时CA⊥CP?(3)过点P作PE⊥PC且PE=PC,问是否存在m,使得点E落在坐标轴上?若存在,求出所有满足要求的m的值,并定出相对应的点E坐标;若不存在,请说明理由.:压轴题.分析:(1)把m=3,代入抛物线的解析式,令y=0解方程,得到的非0解即为和x轴交点的横坐标,再求出抛物线的对称轴方程,进而求出BC的长;(2)过点C作CH⊥x轴于点H(如图1)由已知得∠ACP=∠BCH=90°,利用已知条件证明△ACH∽△PCB,根据相似的性质得到:,再用含有m的代数式表示出BC,CH,BP,代入比例式即可求出m的值;(3)存在,本题要分当m>1时,BC=2(m﹣1),PM=m,BP=m﹣1和当0<m<1时,BC=2(1﹣m),PM=m,BP=1﹣m,两种情况分别讨论,再求出满足题意的m值和相对应的点E坐标.解答:解:(1)当m=3时,y=﹣x2+6x∴B(1,5)∵抛物线y=﹣x2+6x的对称轴为直线x=3又∵B,C关于对称轴对称∴BC=4.(2)连接AC,过点C作CH⊥x轴于点H(如图1)由已知得∠ACP=∠BCH=90°∴∠ACH=∠PCB又∵∠AHC=∠PBC=90°∴△ACH∽△PCB,∴,∵抛物线y=﹣x2+2mx的对称轴为直线x=m,其中m>1,又∵B,C关于对称轴对称,∴BC=2(m﹣1),∵B(1,2m﹣1),P(1,m),∴BP=m﹣1,又∵A(2m,0),C(2m﹣1,2m﹣1),∴H(2m﹣1,0),∴AH=1,CH=2m﹣1,∴,∴m=.(3)∵B,C不重合,∴m≠1,(I)当m>1时,BC=2(m﹣1),PM=m,BP=m﹣1,(i)若点E在x轴上(如图1),∵∠CPE=90°,∴∠MPE+∠BPC=∠MPE+∠MEP=90°,PC=EP,在△BPC和△MEP中,,∴△BPC≌△MEP,∴BC=PM,∴2(m﹣1)=m,∴m=2,此时点E的坐标是(2,0);(ii)若点E在y轴上(如图2),过点P作PN⊥y轴于点N,易证△BPC≌△NPE,∴BP=NP=OM=1,∴m﹣1=1,∴m=2,此时点E的坐标是(0,4);(II)当0<m<1时,BC=2(1﹣m),PM=m,BP=1﹣m,(i)若点E在x轴上(如图3),易证△BPC≌△MEP,∴BC=PM,∴2(1﹣m)=m,∴m=,此时点E的坐标是(,0);(ii)若点E在y轴上(如图4),过点P作PN⊥y轴于点N,易证△BPC≌△NPE,∴BP=NP=OM=1,∴1﹣m=1,∴m=0(舍去),综上所述,当m=2时,点E的坐标是(2,0)或(0,4),当m=时,点E的坐标是(,0).。
2017届贵州省高三第一次模拟考试(一模)试卷 语文
2017届贵州省高三年级第一次模拟考试(一模)测试卷语文本试题卷共10页,22题。
全卷满分150分。
考试用时150分钟。
★祝考试顺利★【注意事项】1.答卷前,先将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在试题卷和答题卡上,并将准考证号条形码粘贴在答题卡上的指定位置。
2.选择题的作答:每小题选出答案后,用合乎要求的2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。
写在试题卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。
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5.考试结束后,请将本试题卷和答题卡一并上交。
第Ⅰ卷阅读题(70分)一、现代文阅读(35分)(一)论述类文本阅读(9分,每小题3分)阅读下面的文字,完成1-3题。
书法是中华民族特有的艺术。
所谓“书法”,按其字面可以理解为文字书写的方法或法则。
但是,作为中国传统文化之一的书法艺术,其内涵并不等于一般意义上的书写法则。
一般意义的文字书写,关注的重心是实用,因而要求把字写得工整以便认读。
汉字书法艺术关注的重心是审美,要求把字写得美,写出神采,要求在精熟的书写技巧的基础上,融入创作者的审美情趣、个性气质乃至全部心灵。
书法艺术是以汉字为载体的,而汉字的笔画可以神奇地组合成无数不同的形体,这在世界各民族的文字中是极为罕见的。
汉字发端于古老的象形文字,虽历经变迁,但至今还或多或少、或明或暗保留着一定成分的象形性、表意性和象征性,而不像许多民族的文字那样已经演变成单纯的表音符号。
这就为汉字书法得以进入艺术殿堂奠定了基础。
因为凡艺术都必须创造审美意象,即创造一个有意蕴的完整的感性世界,而汉字的形体正好为书法家创造审美意象提供了一个前提条件。
汉字的书写要用笔、墨、砚、纸。
其中用兽毫制成的毛笔,柔软而富于变形,吸墨多,能写出墨的浓淡干枯等不同效果。
2017年 北京部分城区高三物理 一模、二模试题 20题汇编
2017年北京部分城区高三物理一模、二模试题20题汇编1.(2017朝阳一模)骑自行车有很多益处,可缓解交通压力,可节能减排;骑自行车时,人做功要消耗体能,还可强身健体。
成人在平路上骑自行车时所受阻力约为20N。
近来多个城市推出摩拜单车,车锁内主要集成了芯片、GPS定位模块和SIM卡等,便于掌控自行车的具体位置和状态,其工作原理如图所示。
使用摩拜单车APP,用户可以查看并找到单车位置,扫描车身上的二维码,通过手机网络发送到云端请求解锁,云端收到后识别该车辆并发送解锁指令,摩拜单车执行解锁指令自动开锁,用户便可开始骑行。
据此材料,以下推断错误..的是A.摩拜单车车锁工作过程中需要用电,车内有供电系统B.摩拜单车车锁直接接收了手机的电磁辐射信号后自动开锁,无需用电.C.无线电信号非常弱时,摩拜单车的定位将受到影响D.成人在平路上骑自行车时,每秒钟平均消耗的体能约100J左右2.(2017大兴一模)燃放鞭炮在我国已经有两千多年历史了,每逢新春佳节,此起彼伏的鞭炮声,为大地奏响了快乐的乐章。
据传说鞭炮起源于爆竹,很久以前,每年农历除夕的晚上会出现一种猛兽,其身长十数尺,眼若铜铃,来去如风;叫时发出“年~”的声音,故名年兽。
为了驱赶年兽,人们就在家门口燃烧竹节(或者用红色的物品贴在房外),竹腔内的空气受热膨胀,使竹腔爆裂,发出噼噼叭叭的响声,故称爆竹。
这样年复一年,便形成了放鞭炮、点红烛、敲锣打鼓欢庆新春的年俗。
随着火药的发明,火药鞭炮逐渐取代了竹节爆竹。
“二踢脚”即“双响”,是鞭炮的一种,它的火药被用水泥或粘土分隔成两层。
底端的封层较薄,燃放时,将“二踢脚”立于水平地面,点燃引线,下层火药爆炸产生的气流“噌”的一声冲开下端封口,向下喷射,爆竹被推向空中。
这时导火线恰好又引燃了密闭在上端的火药,二踢脚在半空中“嘭”的一声炸开。
若不计空气阻力,以下选项关于燃放中“二踢脚”的叙述最合理的是A.“二踢脚”能上升是因为地面对“二踢脚”的支持力大于“二踢脚”对地面的压力B.“二踢脚”能上升是因为地面对“二踢脚”做功使其重力势能增加C.“二踢脚”在空中自由上升与自由下落的过程中均处于失重状态.D.“二踢脚”在空中运动过程中,由“二踢脚”和地球组成的系统机械能是守恒的3.(2017东城一模)宇宙线是来自宇宙空间的高能粒子流,由各种原子核以及非常少量的电子、光子和中微子等组成,它可能携带着宇宙起源、天体演化的信息,一直吸引着科学家的关注。
北京市2017届高三各城区一模化学试题分类汇编——实验探究word版含答案(K12教育文档)
北京市2017届高三各城区一模化学试题分类汇编——实验探究word版含答案(word版可编辑修改)编辑整理:尊敬的读者朋友们:这里是精品文档编辑中心,本文档内容是由我和我的同事精心编辑整理后发布的,发布之前我们对文中内容进行仔细校对,但是难免会有疏漏的地方,但是任然希望(北京市2017届高三各城区一模化学试题分类汇编——实验探究word版含答案(word版可编辑修改))的内容能够给您的工作和学习带来便利。
同时也真诚的希望收到您的建议和反馈,这将是我们进步的源泉,前进的动力。
本文可编辑可修改,如果觉得对您有帮助请收藏以便随时查阅,最后祝您生活愉快业绩进步,以下为北京市2017届高三各城区一模化学试题分类汇编——实验探究word版含答案(word版可编辑修改)的全部内容。
北京市2017届高三各城区一模化学试题分类汇编——实验探究(海淀)28.(15分)为探究Na2SO3溶液和铬(VI)盐溶液的反应规律,某同学进行实验如下:已知:Cr2O72-(橙色)+ H2O2CrO42-(黄色)+ 2H+(1)进行实验i和ii:序号操作现象i 向2 mL pH = 2的0.05 mol·L−1 K2Cr2O7橙色溶液中滴加饱和Na2SO3溶液(pH 约为 9)3滴溶液变绿色(含Cr3+)ii 向2 mL pH = 8的0。
1 mol·L−1 K2CrO4黄色溶液中滴加饱和Na2SO3溶液3滴溶液没有明显变化23的原因:。
②用离子方程式解释i中现象:。
(2)继续进行实验iii:序号操作现象iii 向2 mL饱和Na2SO3溶液中滴加pH = 2的0.05 mol·L−1 K2Cr2O7橙色溶液3滴溶液变黄色向2 mL蒸馏水中滴加pH = 2的0。
05 mol·L−1 K2Cr2O7橙色溶液3滴,溶液变成浅橙色.①补充实验的目的是。
②用化学平衡移动原理解释iii中现象:。
③根据实验i~iii,可推测:Na2SO3溶液和铬(VI)盐溶液的反应与溶液酸碱性有关。
2017北京各区生物,一模试题分类整理
2016年北京各区一模生物试题分类整理(按照北京市考试说明知识点顺序)1.1组成生物体的化学成分2.(丰台区)下列关于细胞内含氮化合物的叙述,不正确...的是A.细胞膜、染色质、核糖体等结构都有含氮化合物B.细胞内的含氮化合物都可以为生命活动提供能量C.二苯胺可用来鉴定细胞中的某种含氮化合物D.遗传信息的表达过程需要含氮化合物的参与1.(平谷)下列关于叶肉细胞内ATP描述正确的是A.ATP的结构决定了其在叶肉细胞中不能大量储存B.光合作用产生的ATP可以为Mg2+进入叶肉细胞直接提供能量C.ATP水解失掉两个磷酸基团后,可以作为逆转录的原料D.葡萄糖分子在线粒体内彻底氧化分解,可以产生大量ATP1.2细胞结构与功能1.(海淀区)下列四种人体细胞与细胞中发生的生命活动,对应有误..的是A.胰岛B细胞:细胞核中转录胰岛素基因B.唾液腺细胞:内质网中加工唾液淀粉酶C.传出神经元:突触前膜释放神经递质D.成熟红细胞:O2主动运输进入线粒体内2.(大兴区)果蝇是一种常见的昆虫,以腐烂的水果或植物体为食。
下列相关叙述正确的是A.因果蝇易饲养繁殖快,所以常用作遗传学研究的材料B.果蝇进食以后,葡萄糖进入线粒体彻底氧化分解供能C.果蝇的细胞核含DNA,是完成基因复制和表达的场所D.果蝇细胞中能形成囊泡结构的只有内质网和高尔基体1.(通州区)下列关于蓝藻与黑藻的相同点描述不.正确的是A. 都有细胞壁和核糖体B. 都能进行有丝分裂C. 都以DNA为遗传物质D. 都属于生产者1.(西城区)下列有关核糖体的叙述不正确...的是A.观察核糖体需要使用电子显微镜B.是原核细胞和真核细胞共有的结构C.抗体由细胞溶胶中的游离核糖体合成D.是按照mRNA的信息将氨基酸合成多肽链的场所1.(东城区)酵母菌、醋酸菌和破伤风芽孢杆菌都A.是原核生物B.以DNA为遗传物质C.能有氧呼吸D.有核糖体和内质网2. (石景山)研究表明,胰岛素能迅速调节骨骼肌细胞膜上葡萄糖转运蛋白(GLUT4)的数目,从而影响细胞对葡萄糖的转运(如右图所示)。
2017北京高三一模语文试卷(朝阳、丰台、石景山、顺义、门头沟)分类(微写作、写作)学生版
2017北京高三一模语文试卷(朝阳、丰台、石景山、顺义、门头沟)分类(微写作、写作)学生版第一篇:2017北京高三一模语文试卷(朝阳、丰台、石景山、顺义、门头沟)分类(微写作、写作)学生版2017北京高三一模分类汇编(微写作、写作)学生版2017东城一模(待补充)2017西城一模(待补充)2017海淀一模(待补充)2017朝阳一模2017丰台一模2017石景山一模2017顺义一模 2017门头沟一模2017朝阳一模五、本大题共2小题,共62分。
23.微写作。
(12分)从下面三个题目中任选一题,按要求作答。
不超过150字。
①现在一些中小学纷纷组建话剧社团,排演各种剧本,举办话剧节,兴起了一股热潮,也引发了一些争议,对此你怎么看?请谈谈看法。
②请从下列诗句中选取一句,用形象生动的语言描述其画面。
“孤舟蓑笠翁,独钓寒江雪。
”(柳宗元《江雪》)“春色满园关不住,一枝红杏出墙来。
”(叶绍翁《游园不值》)“小荷才露尖尖角,早有蜻蜓立上头。
”(杨万里《小池》)③请以“起风了”为题,写一首小诗或一段抒情文字。
24.作文。
(50分)从下面两个题目中任选一题,按要求作文。
不少于700字。
①在《麦浪,麦浪》一文中,少年因为一次偶然的机会,发现了麦田里的秘密,由此引发了对生命的一些思考。
类似的情景在生活中也许还有,请以“偶然发现”为题,写一篇记叙文。
②某大学教授,用手机只接打电话、发短信,没有QQ,不发微博,不用微信。
有的人很欣赏他,也有的人看不起他,……,对此你怎么看?请自拟题目,写一篇议论文。
2017丰台一模五、本大题共2小题,共60分。
26.微写作(10分)从下面三个题目中任选一题,按要求作答。
不超过150字。
....①读经典作品,可以感受、揣摩作者的性情或精神。
请从曹雪芹、鲁迅,路遥、海明威中任选一位,描画你心目中的作家形象。
要求:描写细致,形象鲜明。
②《红楼梦》《平凡的世》《呐喊》《红岩》《老人与海》《边城》等六部名著,你最欣赏哪一部?请结合你的阅读体验加以阐述。
2017年北京重点城区高三一模二模单选汇编及答案(完整资料).doc
【最新整理,下载后即可编辑】2017年北京重点城区高三一模二模单选汇编及答案一.2017东城一模第二部分:知识运用(共两节,45分)第一节单项填空(共15小题;每小题1分,共15分)21. ---Hi, Jack. The summer holiday is coming. Have you any plan for the vacation?---Well. Probably we ______ abroad.A. travelledB. have travelledC. will travelD. were travelling22. We were grateful to Mr. Marks, in _______ car we had travelled home on the rainy night.A. whichB. whomC. thatD. whose23. The fire ______by the people in the neighbourhood before the firemen came.A. has been put outB. will be put outC. had been put outD. would be put out24. ______we’ll do is to leave a note for Mum to tell her we won’t be back till late.A. WhatB. ThatC. HowD. Why25. Jazz ______ a huge role around the world in opening up musical creativity since it came into being.A. had playedB. has playedC. would playD. will play26. Cambridge, ______ in the 12th century, holds a leading position in science in modern times.A.to foundB. foundingC. foundD. founded27. _______ the prices of household robots have come down, many consumers still can’t afford them.A. WhileB. BecauseC. UntilD. If28. If we ______ repeated attempts, we wouldn’t have succeeded.A. haven’t madeB. hadn’t madeC. didn’t makeD. wouldn’t make29. In times of trouble or difficulty, one may take ______ help is available.A. whoeverB. howeverC. whateverD. wherever30._____all morning doing the experiment in the lab, John took a short lunch break.A. SpendingB. Having spentC. To have spentD. Spend31. It is said that California feeds the USA ______ fruits and vegetables than any other state.A. muchB. manyC. moreD. most32. ---Last week I bought a bike, but today my uncle gave me one for my birthday.---Oh, so you ______ have bought it.A. needn’tB. mus tn’tC. can’tD. may not33. The accident was the young man’s fault, ______ he had to pay for the damage to the other car.A. forB. orC. butD. so34. She longed for the holidays ______ so that she could be with her family again.A. to comeB. comingC. comeD. to have come35. The real problem is not just that troubles come, but ______we don't know how to meet them.A. whyB. thatC. whenD. wha二.2017西城一模第二部分:知识运用(共两节,45分)第一节单项填空(共15小题;每小题1分,共15分)21. I really don’t know whether I can succeed in the final competition, _____ I will try.A. andB. forC. butD. or22. —You often work overtime recently. Why?—Oh, I _____ money to buy a new car.A. madeB. had madeC. have madeD. am making23. It is entirely true _____ children learn more from people they like. So, try to be friends withthem.A. whatB. whyC. thatD. how24. Our team defeated Class 3 in the basketball match on Wednesday, _____ them 36 to 35.A. beatingB. beatC. to beatD. beaten25. Dancing with the feet is one thing, but dancing with the heart is _____.A. oneB. otherC. othersD. another26. The results of the experiment turned out contrary to _____ was expected.A. whatB. whichC. whomD. that27. _____ all the details, you have to look at the picture carefully.A. GraspedB. GraspingC. GraspD. To grasp28. The amusement park will stay open through mid-March, _____ the weather cooperates.A. unlessB. even ifC. so thatD. as long as29. There are so many special offers and bargains during Spring Festival that you _____ surely getwhat you want for much less money.A. mightB. canC. needD. have to30. —Is there a room available for tonight?—Sorry, sir, but all the rooms _____.A. have bookedB. have been bookedC. will bookD. will be booked31. People living in homes _____ TV is always left on often spend less time reading.A. thatB. whichC. whereD. who32. Please put your laundry in the bag and we _____ someone to pick it up in a few minutes.A. will sendB. have sentC. sentD. send33. You will never say “no” when a little kid is looking at you _____ comfort and support.A. onB. forC. beyondD. at34. In this library, you can use your own computer to connect to Wi-Fi specially _____ forreaders.A. preparingB. to prepareC. preparedD. prepare35. What a sunny day! How I wish I _____ on the beach enjoying the sunshine now!A. wereB. had beenC. would beD. should be三.2017海淀三月零模第二部分:知识运用(共两节,45分)第一节单项填空(共15小题;每小题1分,共15分)21.Mike was usually so careful, this time he made a small mistake.A.yetB.stillC.evenD.thus22.Over the past decades,sea ice in the Arctic as a result of global warming.A.had decreasedB.decreasedC.has been decreasingD.is decreasing23.Happiness and success often come to those are good at recognizing their own strengths.A.whomB.whoC.whatD.which24.When for his views about his teaching job, Philip said he found it very interesting and rewarding.A.askingB.askedC.having askedD.to be asked25. I want to tell you is the deep love and respect I have for my parents.A.ThatB.WhichC.WhetherD.What26.---Did you catch what I said?---Sorry.I a text message just now.A.had answeredB.have answeredC.would answerD.was answering27.No one be more generous;he has a heart of gold.A.couldB.mustC.dareD.need28.Daniel's family their holiday in Huang-shan this time next week.A.are enjoyingB.are to enjoyC.will enjoyD.will be enjoying29.Nine in ten parents said there were significant differences in their approach to educating their children compared with of their parents.A.thoseB.oneC.thatD.it30.When I was little,my mother used to sit by my bed, me stories till I fell asleep.A.having toldB.tellingC.toldD.to tell31. at the cafeteria before,Tina didn't want to cat there again.A.Having eatenB.To eatC.EatD.Eating32.Experts believe people can waste less food by shopping only when it is necessary.A.whyB.whereC.thatD.what33.The news came as no surprise to me.I for some time that the factory was going to shut down.A.knewB.had knownC.have knownD.know34.We lost our way in that small village,otherwise we more places of interest yesterday.A.visitedB.had visitedC.would visitD.would have visited35.Hot the night air was,we slept deeply because we were so tired after the long journey.A.althoughB.whileC.asD.however四.2017海淀一模第二部分:知识运用(共两节,45分)第一节单项填空(共15小题;每小题1分,共15分)21. —What do you think of the two designs?—Frankly, I like ______ of them. Please show me a third one. A. any B. either C. neither D. both22. Mobike is a popular service ______ brings convenience to us.A. whichB. whereC. whenD. who23. Your attitude ______ life determines how happy or unhappy you are.A. towardsB. withC. onD. for24. —You’re so excited. What’s up?—I ______ as a volunteer in the coming Art Festival.A. had been acceptedB. have been acceptedC. had acceptedD. have accepted25. Like great athletes or scientists, great teachers have the ability ______ others as well.A. inspiringB. inspireC. inspiredD. to inspire26. The newly-published dictionary will be of great help to foreigners______ Chinese.A. learnB. learntC. learningD. having learnt27. Chinese poetry ______ the focus of attention in February, 2017due to the hit TV show Chinese Poetry Conference.A. is becomingB. has becomeC. becomesD. became28. At this time tomorrow I ______ on the beach in Sanya, enjoying the sunshine there.A. will be lyingB. lieC. will lieD. am lying29. When in a traffic jam, I often listen to my favorite music to relax.A. trappingB. trappedC. to trapD. having trapped30. Enjoying a fresh morning is important ______ it can set the mood for the rest of the day.A. unlessB. ifC. becauseD. although31. Zheng He’s ships ______ the west coast of Africa long before Europeans arrived there.A. will visitB. have visitedC. would visitD. had visited32. Have you ever wondered ______ you can feel the wind but cannot see it?A. whyB. howC. whatD. whether33. My mother wants to decorate our rooms in a modern look ______my father prefers a traditional style.A. as long asB. asC. whileD. now that34. — Could we phone our English teacher now?—Not now. I’m afraid he ______ be driving.A. shallB. mayC. willD. can35. Waiters are requested to treat every customer as if they ______ guests in their own houseA. areB. wereC. would beD. had been五.2017朝阳一模第二部分:知识运用(共两节,45分)第一节单项填空(共15小题;每小题1分,共15分)21. She had liked detective novels at first, soon lost interest.A. forB. soC. orD. but22. ---When shall I come to see you, in the morning or afternoon?--- . I’ll be at home all day.A. EitherB. NeitherC. BothD. None23. I didn’t get in touch with David yesterday, since he a meeting when I called.A. chairedB. was chairingC. had chairedD. would chair24. Going camping in the desert will not be enjoyable you have prepared thoroughly.A. becauseB. whenC. unlessD.which25. I got the kids to clean the house this morning, made a great break for me.A. thatB. whenC. unlessD. which26. If you have a cigarette, choose a seat in the firstrow of the smoking section.A. shouldB. mustC. mightD. would27. The shocking news made us realize terrible problems we would face.A. whyB. howC. whatD. that28. You should answer the questions the information on your card.A. usedB. usingC. to useD. being used29. ---Is Mr. Lewis still here?---No, he here for about an hour and then left.A. isB. wasC. has beenD. would be30. Last month we spent so much to have the roof , for it always leaked when it rained.A. replacedB. replacingC. to replaceD. being replaced31. My job is very enjoyable. That is I spend a great deal of time and patience.A. whatB. howC. whenD. why32. ---Any predictions for the election?---Well, James is thought a sure winner.A. to beB. to have beenC. beingD. having been33. Management has decided that workers all changes well in advance.A. will inform ofB. have informed ofC. will be informed ofD. have been informed of34. It will come out she has donated quite a lot of money to cancer research.A. thatB. whatC. whichD. when35. ---Did you enjoy your trip?---Yes. But for your advice, we our stay in London half as much.A. didn’t enjoyB. hadn’t enjoyedC. wouldn’t enjoyD. wouldn’t have enjoyed六.2017丰台一模第二部分知识运用(共两节45分)第一节单项填空(共15小题;每小题1分,共15分)21. Congratulations on the great progress you________since last year.A. makeB. have madeC. were makingD. will have made22. According to the author, those ________ enjoy reading will never feel lonely.A. whenB. whoC. whereD. which23. —Have I filled out the application correctly, Mr. Smith? —Well,you ________ one question here.A. missedB. missC. will missD. are missing24. The key point is not who said the words, but ________ they are true or not.A. whatB. whenC. thatD. whether25. It ________for two weeks, and the whole area is flooded.A.had rainedB.rainsC. would rainD. has been raining26. It’s an excellent job offer. Don’t let such a good opportunity ________ through your fingers.A. slippedB. to slipC. slipD. slipping27. The sponsors agreed that they would support us ________ we didn’t break the rules.A. as well asB. as soon asC. as far asD. as long as28. When ________, the project will help to greatly improve the air quality in the community.A. finishingB. to finishC. finishD. finished29. ________ they should do about the hole in their roof is their most pressing problem.A. ThatB. How oftenC. WhatD. Why30. The delivery of the goods ________because of the heavy snow storm.A. is putting offB. was put offC. had been put offD. would put off31. Life is not predictable;even the worst ________ become the best.A. shallB. mightC. mustD. need32. ________ which club to attend, Jane asked her friends for advice.A. Not knowingB. Not knowC. Not knownD. Not to know33. —Have you seen the film Avatar?—Of course, I have. It was in our hometown ________the film was made.A. whenB. whyC. thatD. which34. I wish I ________ the lecture yesterday, but I missed it.A. had attendedB. would attendC. have attendedD. attended35. We really appreciate our learning environment, ________we can have open and friendly communication.A. whoseB. whichC. whereD. what七.2017石景山一模第一节单项填空(共15小题;每小题1分,共15分)21. The accident is my fault, so I had to pay for the damage _______ the other car.A. byB. atC. toD. on22. He wrote a letter _______ he explained what had happed in the accident.A. whatB. whichC. howD. where23. I can’t remember when _______ turning point occurred exactly,but it might be _______summer morning during my vacation.A. /; aB. a; aC. the; aD. a; the24. I’m terribly sorry to have kept you waiting so long, but it’ll stillbe some time _______ Tony gets back.A. afterB. sinceC. tillD. before25. All the passengers are worrying about _______ the flight will take off on time.A. whyB.whetherC. thatD. when26. — Jack, what about the lecture?— It is the most inspiring lecture that I _______since I came to this university.A. attendedB. have attendedC. am attendingD. hadattended27. Group work is often organized in class _______ students develop team spirit.A. helpingB. having helpedC. helpedD. to help28. I _______ have watched that movie—it gives me horrible dreams.A. shouldn’tB. needn’tC. couldn’tD.mustn’t29. —Joan, what _______ in your hand ?—Look! It’s a birthday gift for my grandma.A. are you holdingB. had you heldC. do you holdD. will you hold30. _______ at the restaurant before, Johnson didn’t want to go there anymore.A. Having eatenB. To eatC. EatD. Eating31. _______ Stephen Chow shows to his fans is his honesty and senseof humour.A. WhichB.ThatC. WhatD. Whom32. When residents learned that only one of the 13 workers trappedunderground _______, they burst into tears.A. will be rescuedB. is rescuedC. has been rescuedD. had been rescued33. When _______ for his views about New Year’s gr eeting movies,Professor Wang said most of them were boring.A. askingB. askedC. having askedD. to be asked34. The number of various educational programs, _______ importantroles have been realized by more and more people, has a rapidgrowth these years.A. whoseB. whereC. whichD. that35. It is said the city is now _______ large as what it was.A.as twiceB. twice asC. twice muchD. much twice八.2017东城二模第二部分:知识运用(共两节,45分)21. The young man has ______ experience. He probably can’t do that job.A. fewB. littleC. someD. any22. He couldn’t make his voice ______ above the noise of the traffic.A. to hearB. hearingC. heardD. hear23. I ordered a drink while I______ for my friends to come.A. will waitB. am waitingC. would waitD. was waiting24. ---Where are you going to hang the picture?---I haven’t decided yet. I _____ hang it in the dining room.A. mightB. mustC. needD. would25. The store______ I bought my textbooks is having a sale this week.A. thatB. whereC. whichD. why26. Their flight ______ due to bad weather. They would like to know when the flight will take off.A. had been delayedB. was delayedC. has been delayedD. will be delayed27. Reading is a good way _____ a child’s imagination at an ea rly age.A. to developB. developingC. developD. developed28. Agatha didn’t tell me ______ she would pick up her son from school.A. whichB. whenC. whereD. what29.______ a book in front of your face, you’ll feel the air moving against your face.A. WavedB. WaveC. To waveD. Waving30. We packed all the books in the wooden boxes_______ they wouldn’t get damaged.A. as long asB. as ifC. in caseD. so that31. You’ll recognize me when you get out of the station. I______ jeans and a white T-shirt.A. will be wearingB. had wornC. was wearingD. have worn32. It is well known _____Confucius was born in the city of Qufu in Shandong province, China.A. whetherB. whereC. thatD. what33. If you were to have a few minutes free, I______ the opportunity to ask you one more question.A. would appreciateB. would have appreciatedC. were to appreciateD. had appreciated34. If you can do what you’re weakest ______, you can handle any challenge.A. forB. atC. withD. to35. Nobody can go back and start a new beginning, ______ anyone can start now and make a new ending.A. forB. andC. butD. so九.2017西城二模第二部分:知识运用(共两节,45分)第一节单项填空(共15小题;每小题1分,共15分)21. —Madam, when is the next train?—It _____ at 5 this evening.A. was leavingB. leftC. leavesD. has left22. _____ at the clock on the wall, Alice found that she was late.A. To glanceB. GlancingC. GlanceD. Glanced23. I gave some money to John, _____ house was destroyed in the flood.A. whichB. whatC. whoD. whose24. —What a terrible accident!—Yes. It happened _____ the four roads meet.A. whereB. thatC. whenD. as25. China now has a very good platform for overseas returnees _____ their dreams.A. achieveB. achievedC. having achievedD. to achieve26. We _____ worry so much about him. He is old enough to take care of himself at college.A. couldn’tB. mustn’tC. needn’tD. dare n’t27. —Why do you like working in this company?—The friendly atmosphere is _____ I like.A. whichB. thatC. howD. what28. —Were there any messages?—Yes. A Mr. Brown _____ to complain about the noise.A. is callingB. calledC. will callD. calls29. The total number of shared bikes, _____ are easy to rent through smartphone apps, isincreasing rapidly.A. whichB. whyC. thatD. who30. —Why not use the computers, Jack?—Our computers _____ by a virus, so the engineer disabled all of them.A. attackB. had attackedC. are attackedD. were attacked31. _____ I get home late, Grandma always leaves a light on for me.A. WhereverB. HoweverC. WheneverD. Whatever32. —Hey, James, would you like to go climbing this Saturday morning?—I’d love to, but I _____ my driving test then.A. will be takingB. takeC. have takenD. took33. My brother is much _____ at tennis than me. He has won every match between us.A. worseB. worstC. betterD. best34. We are in complete agreement with the suggestions _____ in your letter.A. mentionedB. mentioningC. to mentionD. mention35. If I had the chance, I _____ a business at my university that would benefit my classmates.A. startedB. would startC. had startedD. would have started十.2017海淀二模第二部分:知识运用(共两节,45分)第一节单项填空(共15小题;每小题1分,共15分)21. Things don’t always go as planned, ______ I still stay positive.A. orB. asC. butD. for22. —What a drive! I’m tired out.—No wonder! You have been driving for such a long time ______ taking a break.A. byB. withoutC. throughD. in23. The 24 solar terms(二十四节气) a great effect onChinese people’s li ves for thousands of years.A. have hadB. hadC. haveD. had had24. ______ as a volunteer teacher in Tibet for a year, Linda has become more experienced.A. To workB. WorkingC. Having workedD. Worked25. Yesterday I went back to my primary school, ______ my teachersand I recalled our good old days.A. whichB. thatC. whenD. where26. Li Hua’s parents hold different opinions on whether they should have ______ child.A. anotherB. otherC. othersD. the other27. Social media, like WeChat, ______ the way of communication nowadays.A. are changingB. changeC. changedD. were changing28. In big cities, young people often go to cafés with friends.A. relaxedB. relaxC. to relaxD. relaxing29. I usually sleep with the window open ______ it is really cold.A. ifB. unlessC. now thatD. in case30. Beijing’s new international airport ______ into use in 2019, according to the spokesperson.A. was putB. will putC. has putD. will be put31. I had to catch my flight. That was ______ I left Tom’s party so early yesterday.A. whatB. howC. whyD. when32. Jenny was practicing her speech in the hall when she heard her name ______.A. callingB. calledC. to callD. having called33. If you want to be on the school football team, you ______ trainharder.A. canB. wouldC. mightD. must34. A long road tests a horse’s strength and a long-term task ______a man’s heart.A. provesB. will proveC. is provingD. has proved35. If there were no cellphones, life ______ quite different because wedepend too much on them.A. will beB. would beC. isD. were十一.2017朝阳二模第二部分:知识运用(共两节, 45分)第一节单项填空(共15小题;每小题1分, 共15分)21. I don’t think she visited the exhibition this morning, ______ she was with me at that time.A. thoughB. orC. butD. for22. If you go to buy the top best-selling CD, please get ______ for me.A. oneB. itC. thisD. that23. ––I think the paper is taking you a long time to write.––I ______ on it for almost a month now.A. workedB. was workingC. am workingD. have been working24. They have quite a few suggestions about ______ the service can be improved.A. thatB. whyC. howD. what25. ______ exactly what was wrong with him, the doctors gave him acomplete examination.A. To discoverB. DiscoveringC. DiscoveredD. Having been discovered26. ––Do you mind if I go out this evening?––I don’t mind what you do ______ you let me know ahead of time.A. ever sinceB. in caseC. as long asD. even though27. Please wear your best clothes on Monday, as your class photos ______ then.A. will takeB. will be takenC. have takenD. have been taken28. Thanks for your useful advice; otherwise I ______ such rapid progress.A. didn’t makeB. couldn’t have madeC. hadn’t madeD. shouldn’t have made29. We have a learning center ______ kids do independent and self-directed learning activities.A. whichB. whenC. whereD. whose30. ––Did you have to do much for the dinner party?––Helen ______ everything by the time I got home.A. finishedB. was finishingC. would finishD. had finished31. To tell the truth, I didn’t expect that there were so many people ______ the idea.A. supportedB. supportingC. to supportD. having supported32. An accident happened on the main road. That is ______ traffic seemed to slow suddenly.A. whyB. howC. whenD. what33. ––Is this tea good cold as well?––______ with ice, this tea is especially delicious.A. ServedB. ServingC. Having servedD. To be served34. They’ve seen many famous scholars in the conference. How I wish I ______ it!A. have attendedB. will attendC. would attendD. had attended35. ______ he is remembered for is his humorous style when he is talking.A. WhereB. ThatC. WhatD. How十二. 2017丰台二模第二部分知识运用(共两节45分)第一节单项填空(共15小题;每小题1分,共15分)21.Hurry up! Mum and Dad ________ us.A. expectB. have expectedC. are expectingD. will expect22.Look up in the dictionary the words ________ meanings you are not sure about.A. thatB. whyC. whereD. whose23. —I’ve heard that you have moved into a new house.—That’s right. We ________ in before Christmas.A. movedB. have movedC. will moveD. had moved24.—I prefer shutting myself in and surfing the Internet all day onSundays.—That’s ________ I don’t agree. You should have a more active life.A. whyB. whereC. howD. when25. My brother fell while he ________ his bike and hurt himself.A. was ridingB. rodeC. would rideD. had ridden26. Mr. Smith, your son’s performance at school still leaves a lot________.A. desiredB. to desireC. to be desiredD. being desired27. The task will not be fulfilled ________ we get help from otherteams.A. ifB. unlessC. whenD. since28. In addition to the website in Chinese, there is an English version________.A. providingB. to provideC. provideD. provided29. We promise ________ attends the party a chance to have a phototaken with the movie star.A. whateverB. wheneverC. whoeverD. however30. Last year some measures ________ to protect customers’personal information by WeChat.A. tookB. were takenC. had been takenD. would take31.You ________ return the book now. And you can keep it till next week.32.A. needn’t B. can’t C. mustn’t D. won’t32. ________ the entire annual report before, I couldn’t give comments at the meeting.A. Not readingB. Not to readC. Having not readD. Not having read33. Listening to loud music at rock concerts ________ causedhearing loss in some teenagers.A. isB. areC. hasD. have34. If I had worn warmer clothes, I ________ a cold.A. won’t catchB. won’t have caughtC. wouldn’t catchD. wouldn’t have caught35. The days are gone ________ physical strength was all you needed to make a living.A. whoB. whichC. whenD. what十三东城区2017高三上学期期末第二部分:知识运用(共两节,45分)第一节单项填空(共15小题;每小题1分,共15分)21. Frank ______stamps in his spare time. It’s his hobby.A. is collectingB. collectsC. collectedD. was collecting22. You have to explain ______you were absent from school yesterday.A. whatB. whichC. whereD. why23 As soon as I got to the airport, I realized I______ my ID card at home.A. had leftB. has leftC. would leaveD. will leave24. Oxford is not far from Stratford, so you can easily visit ______ in a day.A. oneB. eitherC. bothD. all25. My phone ______ have been stolen while I was taking a bus. I can't find it anywhere.A. canB. mustC. shouldD. would26. We were both travelling across Europe, and that’s ______ we first met.A. whichB. whetherC. whenD. whom27. Before getting off the train, ______ sure you have all your belongings with you.A. makingB. to makeC. madeD. make28. ---Would you like to have some ice-cream?---I’d like to, but I'm on a diet ______ weight.A. loseB. to loseC. being lostD. lost29. ______ the weather improves, we will have to cancel the game.A. ThoughB. UntilC. UnlessD. Since。
化学高考冲刺专题复习试题试卷及答案解析(最新):化学实验的评价(一套完整实验)
专题03 一套完整实验的评价1.(2019全国Ⅰ卷)实验室制备溴苯的反应装置如下图所示,关于实验操作或叙述错误的是A. 向圆底烧瓶中滴加苯和溴的混合液前需先打开KB. 实验中装置b中的液体逐渐变为浅红色C. 装置c中的碳酸钠溶液的作用是吸收溴化氢D. 反应后的混合液经稀碱溶液洗涤、结晶,得到溴苯2.(2018新课标Ⅱ卷)实验室中用如图所示的装置进行甲烷与氯气在光照下反应的实验。
光照下反应一段时间后,下列装置示意图中能正确反映实验现象的是3.(2018新课标Ⅰ卷)在生成和纯化乙酸乙酯的实验过程中,下列操作未涉及的是4.(2018江苏卷)下列有关从海带中提取碘的实验原理和装置能达到实验目的的是A.用装置甲灼烧碎海带B.用装置乙过滤海带灰的浸泡液C.用装置丙制备用于氧化浸泡液中I−的Cl2D.用装置丁吸收氧化浸泡液中I−后的Cl2尾气5.(2017江苏)下列制取SO2、验证其漂白性、收集并进行尾气处理的装置和原理能达到实验目的的是A.制取SO2B.验证漂白性C.收集SO2D.尾气处理1、考查仪器的用途例1某同学结合所学知识探究Na2O2与H2能否反应,设计装置如下,下列说法正确的是()A.装置A气密性的检查方法:直接向长颈漏斗中加水,当漏斗中液面高于试管中液面且高度不变说明气密性良好B.装置B中盛放浓硫酸,目的是除去A中挥发出来的少量水蒸气C.装置C加热前,用试管在干燥管管口处收集气体点燃,通过声音判断气体纯度D.装置A也可直接用于Cu与浓硫酸反应制取SO22、考查物质的制备例2实验室用下列装置制备无水AlCl3(183Ⅰ升华),无水AlC13遇潮湿空气即产生大量白雾。
下列说法错误的是A.b、c、f中依次盛装饱和食盐水、浓硫酸、浓硫酸B.g中发生的反应为Cl2+2NaOH=NaCl+NaClO+H2OC.e装置的收集器必须保持干燥D.实验时,a和d处酒精灯应同时点燃3、考查物质的分离例 3 《战争的气体化学和分析》中介绍了一种制取COC12(光气,熔点为-118Ⅰ,沸点为8.2Ⅰ,微溶于水,易溶于甲苯等有机溶剂)的方法,其实验装置如图所示(夹持装置已省略)。
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北京市密云区2017届高三一模考试
理综化学试题
可能用到的相对原子质量:H 1 C 12 O 16 Na 23 Cl 35.5 Fe 56
6.日常生活中常用一些图标来警示或提示人们注意。
以下图标中表示非处方药的是
A B C D
7.下列依据侯氏制碱原理制备少量NaHCO3的实验操作中不能
..实验目的的是
..达到
8.下列事实不能用
...化学平衡移动原理解释的是
A.收集氯气用排饱和食盐水的方法
B.加压条件下有利于SO2和O2反应生成SO3
C.将NO2球浸泡在热水中颜色加深
D.加催化剂,使N2和H2在一定的条件下转化为NH3
9. 下列说法正确的是
A.蔬菜水果多属于碱性食物,对人体健康有益
B.棉花、合成橡胶都属于合成材料
C.蚕丝、羊毛完全燃烧只生成CO2和H2O
D.苯、植物油均能使酸性KMnO4溶液褪色
10. 向四支试管中分别加入少量不同的无色溶液进行如下操作,结论正确的是
操作现象结论
A 滴加BaCl2溶液生成白色沉淀原溶液中有SO42-
B 滴加氯水和CCl4,振荡、静置下层溶液显紫色原溶液中有I-
C 用洁净铂丝蘸取溶液进行焰色反应火焰呈黄色原溶液中有Na+、无K+
D 滴加稀NaOH溶液,将湿润红色石
试纸不变蓝原溶液中无NH4+
蕊试纸置于试管口
+10H2O 4Fe(OH)3(胶体)+8OH-+3O2,其稳定11.K2FeO4在水中不稳定,发生反应:4FeO-2
4
性与温度(T)和溶液pH的关系分别如下图所示。
下列说法不正确
...的是:
图Ⅰ K 2FeO 4的稳定性与温度关系 图Ⅱ K 2FeO 4的稳定性与溶液pH 关系
A. 由图Ⅰ可知K 2FeO 4的稳定性随温度的升高而减弱
B. 由图Ⅰ可知温度:T 1>T 2>T 3
C. 由图Ⅰ可知上述反应ΔH < 0
D. 由图Ⅱ可知图中a < c
12.用石墨电极完成下列电解实验。
实验装置
实验现象
氯化钠溶液润湿的pH 试纸a b
c
d 铁丝
a 处试纸变蓝;
b 处变红,局部褪色;
c 处无明显变化;
d 处试纸变蓝
下列对实验现象的解释或推测不合理...的是 A .a 为电解池的阴极
B .b 处有氯气生成,且与水反应生成了盐酸和次氯酸
C .c 处发生了反应:
Fe-3e -
= Fe 3+ D .d 处:2H 2O+2e -=H 2↑+2OH -
25.(17分)尼龙-66具有较高的钢性、较好的耐磨性等优良性能,广泛用于制造机械与电气装置的零件,其合成路线如下图所示。
已知: RCl +HCN RCN +HCl
完成下列填空:
(1)写出A 官能团名称 ,③的反应类型 。
(2)写出化合物D的结构简式:。
(3)写出满足下列条件C的一种同分异构体的结构简式:。
a.含有两种含氧官能团b.能发生银镜反应c.核磁共振氢谱为4组峰
(4)写出反应①②的化学方程式:;。
(5)一定条件下,下列化合物中能与B发生化学反应的是。
a.NaOH b.HCl c.Na
(6)已知:
以苯为原料,选用必要的无机试剂合成B,写出合成路线(用结构简式表示有机物,用箭头表示
转化关系,箭头上注明试剂和反应条件)。
合成路线为:
_________________________________________________________________________
26.(13分)合理的利用吸收工业产生的废气CO2、NO2、SO2 等可以减少污染,变废为宝。
(1)用CO2可以生产燃料甲醇。
已知:CO2(g)+3H2(g)═CH3OH(g)+H2O(l)△H=﹣akJ•mol﹣1;
2H2(g)+O2(g)═2H2O(l)△H=﹣b kJ•mol﹣1;
则表示CH3OH(g)燃烧的热化学方程式为:。
(2)光气(COCl2)是一种重要化工原料,常用于聚酯类材料的生产,工业上通过Cl2(g)+CO(g)⇌COCl2
△H <0制备。
图1为实验研究过程中容器内各物质的浓度随时间变化的曲线。
回答下列问题:(g)
①0~6min内,反应的平均速率v(Cl2)=;
②该反应第一次达平衡时的平衡常数为,10min改变的条件是。
(3)利用氨水可以将SO2和NO2吸收,原理如图2所示:NO2被吸收的离子方程式是。
(4)以甲醇燃料电池为电源,粗硅为原料,熔融盐电解法制取硅烷原理如图3,判断A为电源的极,电解时阳极的电极反应式为。
27. (12分)工业以软锰矿(主要成分是MnO2,含有SiO2、Fe2O3等少量杂质)为主要原料制备高
性能的磁性材料碳酸锰(MnCO3)。
其工业流程如下:
(1)浸锰过程中Fe2O3与SO2反应的化学方程式为Fe2O3+SO2+2H+=2Fe2++SO42-+ H2O,该反应是经历以下两步反应实现的。
写出ⅱ的离子方程式:。
ⅰ:Fe2O3 + 6H+ = 2Fe3++3H2O
ⅱ:……
(2)过滤Ⅰ所得滤液中主要存在的两种金属阳离子为(填离子符号)。
(3)写出氧化过程中MnO2与SO2反应的化学方程式:。
(4)“浸锰”反应中往往有副产物MnS2O6生成,温度对“浸锰”反应的影响如图所示,为减少MnS2O6的生成,“浸锰”的适宜温度是;向过滤Ⅱ所得的滤液中加入NH4HCO3溶液时温度不宜太高的原因是。
(5)加入NH4HCO3溶液后,生成MnCO3沉淀,同时还有气体生成,写出反应的离子方程式:。
(6)生成的MnCO3沉淀需经充分洗涤,检验洗涤是否完全的方法是。
28.(16分)Na2O2是一种常见的过氧化物,具有强氧化性和漂白性。
通常可用作漂白剂和呼吸面具中的供氧剂。
(1)某实验小组通过下列实验探究过氧化钠与水的反应:
①用化学方程式
.....解释使酚酞试液变红的原因,依据实验现象推测红色褪去的原因是。
②加入MnO2反应的化学方程式为。
(2)实验小组两名同学共同设计如下装置探究过氧化钠与二氧化硫的反应。
通入SO2,将带余烬的木条插入试管C中,木条复燃。
请回答下列问题:
①甲同学认为Na2O2与SO2反应生成了Na2SO3和O2,该反应的化学方程式是:
,
检验反应后B中的白色固体含有Na2SO3的方法是:。
②乙同学认为反应的后B中有Na2SO3还会有Na2SO4。
乙同学猜想的理由是:。
为检验产物中Na2SO4的存在乙同学设计并实施了如下实验方案:
甲同学认为该实验方案的现象不能证明有Na2SO4生成,其理由为。
③请补充完整实验小组测定B中反应完全后固体组成的实验方案。
称取样品a 克加水溶解,__________,烘干,称量沉淀质量为b 克,计算含量。
密云化学参考答案:
6 7 8 9 10 11 12
B D D A B
C C
26.(17分)
(1)碳碳双键氯原子(2分) 缩聚反应(聚合反应) (2分)
(2)NH4OOC(CH2)4﹣COONH4 (2分)
(3)(2分)
(4)(2分)
(2分)
(5)b c (2分)
(6)(3分)
26.(13分)
(1 )2CH3OH(g)+3O2(g) =2CO2 (g)+4H2O(l) ΔH = 2a -3b kJ·mol-1(2分)
(2 ) ①0.15 mol·L-1·min-1(2分)
②30 (2分) 升高温度(2分)
(3) 2NO2+4HSO3- =N2+4SO42-+4H+(2分)
(4) 负(1分) Si+4H-- 4e - = SiH4(2分)
27. (12分)
(1)2Fe3++ SO2+2H2O= 2Fe2+ +SO42-+4H+(2分)
(2)Mn2+Fe2+(2分)
(3)MnO2+SO2=MnSO4(2分)
(4)90℃(1分)防止NH4HCO3受热分解,提高原料利用率(1分)
(5)Mn2++2HCO3-=MnCO3↓+CO2↑+H2O(2分)
(6)取1-2mL最后一次洗液于试管,滴加盐酸酸化BaCl2溶液,若无白沉淀产生,则洗涤干净(2分)
28.(16分)
(1)①2Na2O2 +2H2O= 4NaOH+O2↑(2分). 反应生成的H2O2具有漂白作用(2分)MnO2
②2H2O2 ==== 2H2O+O2↑ (2分)
(2)①2Na2O2 + 2SO2=2 Na2SO3 +O2(2分)
取反应生成白色固体少许,滴入稀硫酸,生成无色气体使品红溶液褪色,说明含Na2SO3(2分)
②过氧化钠具有强氧化性,二氧化硫有较强的还原性(2分)
稀硝酸能将亚硫酸钡氧化为硫酸钡(2分)
③加盐酸酸化的氯化钡溶液,过滤,洗涤(2分)。