【英语】山东省临沂市某中学2016届高三上学期开学摸底考试

2015 —2016学年上期第一次摸底考试高三英语试题（考试时间：120分钟试卷满分：150分）第I卷注意事项：1 •答第一卷前，考生务必将条形码或自己的姓名、准考证号、考试科目涂写在答题卡上。

2•每小题选出答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。

如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。

不能答在试卷上。

第一部分：阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

ADear HighlightsAsk a questi on!E-mail it to Letters@.Gift GivingI ' moing to China, and every one in my class is ask ing me to buy them someth ing. Whatshould I do?Reply from the Highlights Editorst expe Your classmates are probably just excited about your trip. Most likely they donto buy gifts for every one. Sending a few postcards to the en tire class duri ng your trip would be awon derful way to share your experie nces. The pictures on the cards and your words of descripti onwill be the best gift of all.Dog BeggingMy dog always begs for food at the dinner table. I really want to feed him, but my mom saysI can ' t. I ' m afraid he won ' t like me anymore. What should I do?Reply from the Highlights EditorsYour dog loves you for many more reasons than just for what you feed him. You can show him that you care about him by playing with him, by petting him and speaking kindly to him, and by making sure he has fresh water. It might be best if your dog is not near the dinner table while you are eating. You could teach him to stay in another room.Being Bilingual （会说双语的）My aunt insists that we speak our language（Tagalog）at home and English outside the house. Do you think she is right?Reply from the Highlights EditorsIt is a great gift to have someone in your family who is willing to take the time to teach you another language. It 'asgood way to keep family traditions alive, and it helps to develop your language skills. Your ability to use both English and Tagalog will help you learn a third and fourth language later in life. So it sounds like a great idea!1. The Highlighs editors suggest the student who is going to China ____ .A. send postcards as the gifts to the classB. give each classmate a picture as a girlC. buy gifts for some of the classmatesD. make phone calls to all the classmates2. According to the Highlights editors, if your dog begs for food at the dinner table, youA. feed him immediatelyB. speak loudly to himC. provide him with fresh waterD. teach him to stay in another room3. What is the Highlights editors ' attitude towards being bilingual?A. OpposedB. TolerantC. SupportiveD. Doubtful4. The Highlights editors give the replies to ____ .A. show their readers how to write a good stowB. offer their readers advice on personal problemsC. help their readers to solve problems in writingD. tell their readers about their interesting workAlbert Szent-Gyorgyi was born in Budapest on September 16, 1893. In 1911 he entered his uncle ' s laboratory where he studied until the outbreak of World War I when he was mobilized. He served on the Italian and Russian fronts, and he was discharged （准许离开）in 1917 after being wounded in action. He completed his studies in Budapest before he went to Hamburg for a two-year course in physical chemistry. In 1920 he became an assistant at a university in Leiden, the Netherlands and from 1922 to 1926 he worked with H. J. Hamburger at the Physiology （生理学）Institute, Groningen, the Netherlands.In 1926, Szent-Gyorgyi was ready to end his own life after an embarrassing problem in his career. The scientist, thirty-two, had written a paper and handed it to his boss for approval to publish. His boss threw it in the dustbin. Concluding his life was a failure, the young researcher quit. Unable to support his wife and child, he sent them home to her parents. His final wish was to attend one last scientific meeting, to be among scientists, to have one last good time. So he went to the 1926 International Physiological Society Congress in Sweden.Sitting in the audience, lost in self-pity, Szent-Gyorgyi listened to the president of the society, Sir Frederick Gowland Hopkins, refer to the fine work of a researcher: Szent-Gyorgyi! After the speech, collecting his courage, he introduced himself to Hopkins. The great man invited the young scientist to Cambridge to do further work.Szent-Gyorgyi ' s life changed. He discovered the oxidatio-pnreventing （防氧化的）action of vitamin C. He won the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 1937. He accounted for his success by saying that discovery is seeing what everyone else has seen but thinking what nobody else has thought.5. Which of the following is the correct order of the events relevant to Szent-Gyorgyi?a. finished his studies in Budapestb. served during WWIc. worked with Hopkinsd. studied in HamburgA. b, c, a, dB. b, a, d, cC. a, c, d, bD. a, b, d, c6. Why did Szent-Gyorgyi want to end his own life in 1926?A. His pride was hurt by his bossB. He was not satisfied with his paperC. He couldn ' t sutphpiosrwife and childD. His boss stopped him atte nding a conference7. What in spired Szen t-Gyorgyi to con ti nue with his research work?A. The great labs in CambridgeB. Winning the Nobel PrizeC. The publication of his workD. Hopkins ' praise8. The text is orga ni zed in the patter n of _____ .A. cause and effectB. comparis on and con trastC. time and eve ntsD. defi niti on and classificati onCWild animal encounters aren ' tsrarthern Idaho, but one type stands out as especiallyspecial. Almost every one who has lived in Magic Valley has had close encoun ters with askunk ----- a black and white ani mal with relatively short, well-muscled legs and long front clawsfor digg ing, which gives off an un pleasa nt smelli ng liquid if it is frighte ned or attacked.The straggle aga inst skunks is nothing n ew. Twin Falls reside nt Dennis Haynes remembers anencounter when he worked in the police office. One afternoon he noticed a baby skunk, cuteeno ugh and kitte n like, wan deri ng into his office through an ope n door. He quickly caught the baby, and the n decided to take it home to surprise his wife and daughters.His wife would n ' t let him into the house with the skunk which bit his fin ger after his baaingdog frighte ned it. He took it to his sisters where they put it in a basket. When Haynes tried to stopthe skunk from escap in g, it spurted his uniform and shoes. His uniform smelt so bad that he buffedit in his backyard un der a foot of dirt.Sounds annoying? In fact, skunks are relucta nt to use this weap on, as they carry just eno ughof the chemical for five or six uses - about 15 cc - and require some ten days to produce ano thersupply. Skunks tend to be very friendly, loving, entertaining and playful, that is, quitemild- tempered, and only defend themselves only when cornered or attacked. What ' s more, Skunk are also ben eficial to farmers, garde ners, and Ian dow ners because they feed on large nu mbers of agricultural and garde n pests.9. In souther n Idaho, skunks are ______ .A. com monB. well-protectedC. rare ani malsD. dying out10. Haynes buffed his uniform in his backyard because _______ .A. His un iform was broke n into piecesB. It is difficult to get rid of the skunk s smellC. He was afraid of being blamed by his leaderD. The smell from the skunk would probably spread disease11. What do we know about skunks accord ing to the passage?A. Skunks are easy to attack peopleB. Skunks usually use his back legs to digC. Skunks can easily deal with as many as ten enemies onceD. Skunks are popular with local farmers, garde ners and Ian dow ners12. The underlined expression spurted ( paragraph 3) probably means _________ .A. bitB. kickedC. sprayedD. feltDShould I heat the water on the stove or in the electric kettle? Do I start the washing machine in the after noon or after 10 at ni ght? How do I lower CO 2 emissi ons (排放) by the way I use en ergy?An swers to such and sim ilar questi ons are provided by the on li ne game which is 'tIRED' —short form for “ RenewabieEnergy Drama. ” Researchers from IDMT in Erfurt, Germany, have developed the Web applicati on. The experts see great pote ntial in on li ne games for teachi ng the subject of “ Savingelectricity at home' in an entertaining manner and to show that one' own behavior can affect how much electricity costs.The software is aimed at adults and young people in terested in ren ewable en ergies who want to know how they can save en ergy. “ Howmuch en ergy do in dividual household applia nces consume, which ones are the‘ energyrobbers and are the high bills the results of price in creases— RED supplies the an swers. The user does not even have to spe nd a great deal of time, for the game takes only about ten to 15 minutes, ” says a researcher.RED leads you through the daily life of an imaginary family of three. The screen shows all the rooms in a house. The user goes into each room and is able, via mouse click, to do the regular housework such as cook ing food or doing laun dry.In a sec ond module, the on li ne game in forms the users how they can save electricity by using“ SmartMeters. T aking the time of day into account, they measure the exact actual usage of electricity. This is how the consumers can find out the potential for savings and start hisdishwasher only at night — when electricity is particularly cheap.The “ Savingelectricity at home ” module will go online soon and so will the second RED Meters. "The online game can be played at www. reside ns-project and is free of charge. 13. What do we know about RED?A. It is a free on li ne gameB. It is desig ned for stude ntsC. It has already gone on li neD. It takes as long as ten minu tes14. What does the un derl ined word they ”（paragraph 5） most probably refer to?15. What would be the best title for the text?B. Tips for lowering CO 2 emissionsC. Saving electricity while play ing根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。