概要写作基本步骤与技巧
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•a 60-word summary
•use your own words
•in the third person
•with a brief sentence •connection between sentences(句子衔接)
Tips
• • • • • Cover all the key points Write in correct language Use proper conjunctions Avoid copying the original sentences Count the words (60±20)
The greatest thing that gene technology can do is to cure serious diseases that doctors at present can almost do nothing with, such as cancer and heart disease. Every year, millions of people are murdered by these two killers. And to date, doctors have not found an effective way to cure them. But if the gene technology is applied, not only these two diseases can be cured completely, bringing happiness and more living days to the patients, but also the great amount of money people spend on curing their diseases can be saved, therefore it benefits the economy as well. In addition, human life span(寿命) can be prolonged.
• 确定体裁，明确主题 • 体裁： 记叙文 • 主题： 文艺复兴时期的艺术
Step 2. Divide the passage & summarize the main idea of each part 明确文章结构
Para 1 Para Para Para 2 3 4
√
Para 1
Para 3 Para 4
Para 2
Step 3. Highlight the key information of each part
划主题句与关键信息
Among all the fast growing science and technology, the research of human genes, or biological engineering as people call it, is drawing more and more attention now. Discussions about it is increasingly heated around the world.
04
提炼
Skills of Summary Writing
删除细节 删除具体例子（引用一两个说明问题即可） 避免重复
要点
整合
同义转换: 近义词、同义词等替换
语言
句子重构: 调整词类、时态、语态等
逻辑：衔接（照应、替代、省略、连接和词汇衔接 ）
Step 1. Determine the type of writing and identify the topic as well as the author’s purpose
03
Steps of Summary Writing
Step 1. Determine the type of writing and identify the topic as well as the author’s purpose Step 2. Divide the passage & summarize the main idea of each part Step 3. Highlight the key information of each part Step 4. Make an outline of the passage Step 5. Write the first draft Step 6. Revise the summary
01
What is a summary?
《牛津高阶英汉双解词典》
A summary is a short statement that gives only the main points of sth, not the details
It is a brief, thorough and objective restatement of the main idea and key points of a longer composition. 读者在正确理解文章的基础上, 在不改变原文中心思想、 体裁和结构的前提下，用简明、精练的语句高度浓缩文章 的主要内容和观点。
Байду номын сангаасart 1
Topic Sentence: phenomenon: (Gene technology) is drawing more and more attention now. Or : Discussions about it (gene technology) is increasingly heated around the world.
•Mary is a beautiful girl who always smiles to others. •Mary is a girl.
√
•Contain the main idea •Ignore the unnecessary details
02
Requests of Summary Writing
•use your own words
•in the third person
•with a brief sentence •connection between sentences(句子衔接)
Tips
• • • • • Cover all the key points Write in correct language Use proper conjunctions Avoid copying the original sentences Count the words (60±20)
The greatest thing that gene technology can do is to cure serious diseases that doctors at present can almost do nothing with, such as cancer and heart disease. Every year, millions of people are murdered by these two killers. And to date, doctors have not found an effective way to cure them. But if the gene technology is applied, not only these two diseases can be cured completely, bringing happiness and more living days to the patients, but also the great amount of money people spend on curing their diseases can be saved, therefore it benefits the economy as well. In addition, human life span(寿命) can be prolonged.
• 确定体裁，明确主题 • 体裁： 记叙文 • 主题： 文艺复兴时期的艺术
Step 2. Divide the passage & summarize the main idea of each part 明确文章结构
Para 1 Para Para Para 2 3 4
√
Para 1
Para 3 Para 4
Para 2
Step 3. Highlight the key information of each part
划主题句与关键信息
Among all the fast growing science and technology, the research of human genes, or biological engineering as people call it, is drawing more and more attention now. Discussions about it is increasingly heated around the world.
04
提炼
Skills of Summary Writing
删除细节 删除具体例子（引用一两个说明问题即可） 避免重复
要点
整合
同义转换: 近义词、同义词等替换
语言
句子重构: 调整词类、时态、语态等
逻辑：衔接（照应、替代、省略、连接和词汇衔接 ）
Step 1. Determine the type of writing and identify the topic as well as the author’s purpose
03
Steps of Summary Writing
Step 1. Determine the type of writing and identify the topic as well as the author’s purpose Step 2. Divide the passage & summarize the main idea of each part Step 3. Highlight the key information of each part Step 4. Make an outline of the passage Step 5. Write the first draft Step 6. Revise the summary
01
What is a summary?
《牛津高阶英汉双解词典》
A summary is a short statement that gives only the main points of sth, not the details
It is a brief, thorough and objective restatement of the main idea and key points of a longer composition. 读者在正确理解文章的基础上, 在不改变原文中心思想、 体裁和结构的前提下，用简明、精练的语句高度浓缩文章 的主要内容和观点。
Байду номын сангаасart 1
Topic Sentence: phenomenon: (Gene technology) is drawing more and more attention now. Or : Discussions about it (gene technology) is increasingly heated around the world.
•Mary is a beautiful girl who always smiles to others. •Mary is a girl.
√
•Contain the main idea •Ignore the unnecessary details
02
Requests of Summary Writing