练习及答案(3)

合集下载

二级注册计量师考试：2022综合练习真题模拟及答案(3)

二级注册计量师考试：2022综合练习真题模拟及答案(3)1、基本单位是指所选定的量制，所选择用以表示（）量的计量单位。

（单选题）A. 全部B. 各种C. 基本D. 实用试题答案：C2、计量科学研究课题的阶段划分一般包括（）。

（多选题）A. 筹集资金、招聘人员B. 调研选题、申请立项C. 研究实施、撰写报告D. 鉴定验收、推广应用试题答案：B,C,D3、企、事业单位最高计量标准的主要配套设备中的计量器具可以向（）溯源。

（多选题）A. 具有相应测量能力的计量技术机构B. 法定计量检定机构C. 质量技术监督部门授权的计量技术机构D. 具有测量能力的高等院校试题答案：A,B,C4、对测量结果或测量仪器示值的修正可以采取（）措施。

（多选题）A. 加修正值B. 乘修正因子C. 给出修正曲线或修正值表D. 给出中位值试题答案：A,B,C5、对未取得《制造计量器具许可证》而制造计量器具的违法行为，可给予下列行政处罚中的哪几项：（）。

（多选题）A. 责令停止生产B. 封存制造的计量器具C. 没收制造的计量器具D. 没收全部违法所得试题答案：A,B,D6、注册计量师要客观公正，不得（）。

（单选题）A. 为某种主观期望的结论而捏造、篡改、拼凑测量结果或者测量数据、测量结果以数据为依据B. 投机取巧、断章取义、隐瞒或者歪曲事实真相C. 违反科学规律，给出与客观事实不符的结论D. 以上都是试题答案：D7、型式批准的对象是（）。

（单选题）A. 列入强检目录的工作计量器具B. 凡申请制造的计量器具新产品C. 列人强检目录的进口计量器具D. 列入《中华人民共和国依法管理的计量器具目录（型式批准部分）》的计量器具试题答案：D8、下列关于量值传递与量值溯源的叙述不正确的是（）。

（单选题）A. 量值传递是指通过对计量器具的检定或者校准，将计量基准所复现的量值通过各等级的计量标准传递到工作计量器具的活动B. 量值溯源性是指通过一条具有规定不确定度的不间断的比较链，使测量结果能够与规定的参考标准联系起来的特性C. 量值传递与量值溯源互为逆过程。

数理逻辑练习题及答案-3

命题逻辑的推理1．判断下面推理是否正确。

先将简单命题符号化，再写出前提、结论、推理的形式结构（以蕴涵式的形式给出）和判断过程（至少给出两种判断方法）：（1）若今天是星期一，则明天是星期三；今天是星期一。

所以明天是星期三。

（2）若今天是星期一，则明天是星期二；明天是星期二。

所以今天是星期一。

（3）若今天是星期一，则明天是星期三；明天不是星期三。

所以今天不是星期一。

（4）若今天是星期一，则明天是星期二；今天不是星期一。

所以明天不是星期二。

（5）若今天是星期一，则明天是星期二或星期三。

（6）今天是星期一当且仅当明天是星期三；今天不是星期一。

所以明天不是星期三。

2．构造下面推理的证明：（1）前提：p→(q→r), p, q结论：r∨s（2）前提：p→q, ┐(q∧r), r结论：┐p（3）前提：p→q结论：p→(p∧q)（4）前提：q→p, q s, s t, t∧r结论：p∧q（5）前提：p→r, q→s, p∧q结论：r∧s（6）前提：┐p∨r, ┐q∨s, p∧q结论：t→(r∨s)3．用附加前提法证明下面各推理：（1）前提：p→(q→r), s→p, q结论：s→r（2）前提：(p∨q)→(r∧s), (s∨t)→u结论：p→u4．用归谬法证明下面推理：（1）前提：p→┐q, ┐r∨q, r∧┐s结论：┐p（2）前提：p∨q, p→r, q→s结论：r∨s5．构造下面推理的证明。

（1）如果小王是理科学生，他必学好数学；如果小王不是文科生，他必是理科生；小王没学好数学。

所以，小王是文科生。

（2）明天是晴天，或是雨天；若明天是晴天，我就去看电影；若我看电影，我就不看书。

所以，如果我看书，则明天是雨天。

答案1．设p：今天是星期一，q：明天是星期二，r：明天是星期三。

（1）推理的形式结构为(p→r)∧p→r此形式结构为重言式，即(p→r)∧p r所以推理正确。

（2）推理的形式结构为(p→q)∧q→p此形式结构不是重言式，故推理不正确。

鲁迅《拿来主义》高考论述性文本阅读练习及答案(三)

鲁迅《拿来主义》高考论述性文本阅读练习及答案（三）（一）阅读下文，完成5—8题。

（12分）拿来主义鲁迅①中国一向是所谓“闭关主义”，自己不去，别人也不许来。

自从给枪炮打破了大门之后，又碰了一串钉子，到现在，成了什么都是“送去主义”了。

别的且不说罢，单是学艺上的东西，近来就先送一批古董到巴黎去展览，但终“不知后事如何”；还有几位“大师”们捧着几张古画和新画，在欧洲各国一路的挂过去，叫作“发扬国光”。

听说不远还要送梅兰芳博士到苏联去，以催进“象征主义”，此后是顺便到欧洲传道。

我在这里不想讨论梅博士演艺和象征主义的关系，总之，活人替代了古董，我敢说，也可以算得显出一点进步了。

②但我们没有人根据了“礼尚往来”的仪节，说道：拿来！③______，能够只是送出去，也不算坏事情，一者见得丰富，二者见得大度。

尼采就自诩过他是太阳，光热无穷，只是给与，不想取得。

______尼采究竟不是太阳，他发了疯。

中国也不是，______有人说，掘起地下的煤来，就足够全世界几百年之用，但是，几百年之后呢？几百年之后，我们当然是化为魂灵，或上天堂，或落了地狱，但我们的子孙是在的，还应该给他们留下一点礼品。

要不然，则当佳节大典之际，他们拿不出东西来，只好磕头贺喜，讨一点残羹冷炙做奖赏。

④这种奖赏，不要误解为“抛来”的东西，这是“抛给”的，说得冠冕些，可以称之为“送来”，我在这里不想举出实例。

⑤我在这里也并不想对于“送去”再说什么，否则太不“摩登”了。

我只想鼓吹我们再吝啬一点，“送去”之外，还得“拿来”，是为“拿来主义”。

⑤但我们被“送来”的东西吓怕了。

先有英国的鸦片，德国的废枪炮，后有法国的香粉，美国的电影，日本的印着“完全国货”的各种小东西。

于是连清醒的青年们，也对于洋货发生了恐怖。

其实，这正是因为那是“送来”的，而不是“拿来”的缘故。

⑦所以我们要运用脑髓，放出眼光，自己来拿！⑧譬如罢，我们之中的一个穷青年，因为祖上的阴功（姑且让我这么说说罢），得了一所大宅子，且不问他是骗来的，抢来的，或合法继承的，或是做了女婿换来的。

大学英语四级练习卷及答案解析 (3)

大学英语四级试卷（满分120分，考试时间90分钟）一、选择题：（本题共20小题，每小题3分，共60分）1. After I heard that I took a deferred pass in botany, I was in a _____ emotional state.A. highlyB. doubtfullyC. greatlyD. nervously2. Since I could not see anything through the microscope, _______ my carefuladjustment, I gave up.A. for allB. above allC. after allD. in all3. When the Victorians had family reunions, the hosts went ______ their way to entertain the guests.A. in forB. overC. out ofD. back on4. He is such _______ selfish man that he hasn't ______ least concernfor others.A. /, theB. a, /C. a, theD. the, a5. Towards ______ evening ______ cold rain began to fall.A. the, aB. /, theC. /, aD. the, /6. My journey to Croydon proved to be a miserable one as the rain did not _____.A. dear upB. got offC. let upD. slow down7. The ordinary Zulu fighters were not _______ to Shala’s plan of throwing away their sandals.A. opposedB. objectedC. opposingD. conflicting8. Shakespeare’s ploy “The Taming of the Shrew” is on _______ 3 tonight.A. wavelengthB. postC. bandD. channel9. The tourists ________ through the fog, trying to read what was engraved on the gravestone Shakespeare had chosen for hiself.A. glancedB. glimpedC. peeredD. peeped10. After visiting the Holy Trinity Church, the boys _______ leaving so long that they almost missed the last train to London.A. put offB. delayedC. stoppedD. halted11. When our university laboratory bought this microscope we were givena one year’s _______.A. reservationB. securityC. proofD. guarantee12. Don’t _____ about lunch for the instructors, because they promised to get some on the way.A. brotherB. fussC. troubleD. think13. The football player had studied economics in the university for _____ of roughly six years.A. a decadeB. a timeC. an ageD. a period14. Caracas has been called the Los angles of South America; at _____ they look exactly the same.A. short noticeB. first sightC. first impressionD. first appearance15. A dictionary of the English language, _______ by Dr Samuel Johnson, was the first real attempt as a systematic and interestingly written survey of English usage.A. construckedB. composedC. compiledD. collected16. She said she wouldn't call us the next day, _____ she?A. wouldB. wouldn'tC. didD. didn't17. Nobody came to see me while I was out, _____?A. did theyB. didn't whileC. did sheD. didn't she18. There's no water in the bottle, ________?A. isn't thereB. is thereC. hasn't thereD. has there19. No one was absent from the meeting, _______?A. was sheB. weren't sheC. were theyD. weren't they20. You needn't speak so loudly, _____?A. don't youB. do youC. needn't youD. need you二、完型填空（共计20分）Many people wrongly believe that when people reach old age, their families place them in nursinghomes. They are left in the 1 of strangers for the rest of their lives.Their 2 children visit them onlyoccasionally,but more often, they do not have any 3 visitors.The truth is that this idea is an unfortunate myth-an 4story. In fact, family members provide over 80 percent of the care 5 elderly people nee D. SamuelPrestoon, a sociologist, studied 6 the American family is changing. He reported that by the time the 7American couple reaches 40 years of age, they have more parents than children. 8 , because people todaylive longer after an illness than people did years 9 , family members must provide long term care. Morepsychologists have found that all caregivers10 a common characteristic: All caregivers believe that theyare the best11 for the jo B. In other words, they all felt that they 12 do the job better than anyoneelse.Social workers 13 caregivers to find out why theytook 14 the responsibility of caring for an elderlyrelative.Many caregivers believed they had 15 to help their relative.Some stated that helping others 16them feel more useful.Others hoped that by helping 17 now, they would deserve care when they becameold and 18 .Caring for the elderlyand being taken care of can be a 19 satisfying experience for everyonewho might be 20 .1.A.hands B. arms C.bodies D.homes2.A.growing B. grown C.being grown D.having grown3.A.constant B. lasting C.regular D.normal4.A.imaginary B. imaginable C.imaginative D.imagery5.A.that B. this C.those D.these6.A.when B. how C.what D.wheremon B. ordinary C.standard D.average8.A.Further B. However C.Moreover D.Whereas9.A.before B. ago ter tely10.A.share B. enjoy C.divide D.consent11.A.person B. people C.character D.man12.A.would B. will C.could D.can13.A.questioned B. interviewed C.inquired D.interrogate14.A.in B. up C.on D.off15.A.admiration B. initiative C.necessity D.obligation16.A.cause B. enable C.make D.get17.A.someone B. anyone C.everyone D.anybody18.A.elderly B. dependent C.dependable D.independent19.A.similarly B. differently C.mutually D.certainly20.A.involved B. excluded C.included D.considered三、阅读理解：(共25分)The economy of the United states after 1952 was the econnomy of a well-fed,almost fully employed people. Despit occasional alarms, the country escaped any postwar depression and lived in a state of boom. A n economic survey of the year 1955, a typical year of the 1950’s, may be typical as illustrating the rapid economic growth of the decade. The national output was value at 10 percent above that of 1954 (1955 output was estimated at 392 billion dollars). The production of manufacturers was about 40 percent more than it had averaged in the years immediately following World War 2. The country’s business spent about 30billion dollars for new factories and machinery. National income available for spending was almost a third greater than it had been it had been in 1950. Consumers spent about 256 billion dollars; that is about 700 million dollars a day ,or about twenty-five million dollars every hour , all round the clock. Sixty-five million people held jobs and only a little more than two million wanted jobs but could not find them . Only agriculturecomplained that it was not sharing in the room. To some observers this was an ominous echo of the mid-1920’s . As farmer’s shre of their products declined , marketing costs rose. But there were , among the observers of the national economy, a few who were not as confident as the majority . Those few seemed to fear that the boom could not last and would eventually lead to the oppsite-depression.1. What is the best title of the passage?A. The Agriculatural Trends of 1950’sB. The Unemployment Rate of 1950’sC. U.S. Economy in the 50’sD. The Federal Budget of 19522. In Line 3, the word “boom” could best be replaced by______.A. nearby explosionB. thunderous noiseC. general public supportD. rapid economic growth3. It can be inferred the national from the passage that most people in the United States in 1955 viewed the national economy with an air of _________.A. confidenceB. confusionC. disappointmentD. suspicion4. Which of the following were LEAST satisfied with the national economy in the 1950’s?A. EconomistsB. FrmaersC. PoliticiansD. Steelworkers5. The passage states that incom available for spending in the U.S. was greater in 1955 than in 1950 . How much was it ?A. 60％B. 50％C. 33％D. 90％四、书面表达：(满分15分)请你写封信给你的朋友Tony告诉他，请他关照下你的朋友小花,内容重点如下:1.告诉这个消息2.请他给你朋友小花一些建议并给予指导注意:字数应为120词左右参考答案：一、选择题：1-5题答案:AACCC6-10题答案:CADCB11-15题答案:DADBC16-20题答案:DABCD二、完型填空1.【答案】A 本句意为他们的业余生活要由陌生人来照料。

练习3及答案

选择第6题B
选择第7题C
选择第8题D
选择第9题A
选择第10题A
选择第11题B
选择第12题B
二、填空题答案
填空第1题protected;default;public
填空第2题Object
填空第3题ng.Character;ng.Boolean
填空第4题
What a pleasure！
void foo(double d,final float f){
String s;
final boolean b;
class Inner{
void methodInner(){
System.out.println("in the Inner");
}
}
}
public static void main(String args[])
{
Outer1 me=new Outer1();
me.foo(123,123);
System.out.println("outer");
}
}
A in the Inner outer
B outer
C in the Inner
D编译不通过
二、填空题
1.Java中类成员的限定词有以下几种：private, public,_____________,_____________。其中,_____________的限定的范围最大。
SimpleDateFormat formatter = new SimpleDateFormat ("yyyy.MM.dd G 'at' hh:mmTime = new Date();
try {

大学英语英语四级练习卷(及答案) (3)

大学英语四级试练习卷一、阅读理解阅读理解（一）The striving of countries in Central Europe to enter the European Union may offer an unprecedented chance to the continent’s Gypsies(or Roman) to be recognized as a nation,albeit one without a defined territory. And if they were to achieve that they might even seek some kind of formal place—at least a total population outnumbers that of many of the Union’s present and future countries.Some experts put the figure at4m-plus; some proponents of Gypsy rights go as high as15m.Unlike Jews,Gypsies have had no known ancestral land to hark back to. Though their language is related to Hindi,their territorial origins are misty.Romanian peasants held them to be born on the moon.Other Europeans (wrongly)thought them migrant Egyptians,hence the derivative Gypsy. Most probably they were itinerant metal workers and entertainers who drifted west from India in the7th century.However,since communism in Central Europe collapsed a decade ago,the notion of Romanestan as a landless nation founded on Gypsy culture has gained ground.The International Romany Union,which says it stands for 10m Gypsies in more than30countries,is fostering the idea of“self-rallying”.It is trying to promote a standard and written formof the language;it waves a Gypsy flag(green with a wheel)when it lobbies in such places as the United Bations;and in July it held a congress in Prague,The Czech capital.Where President Vaclav Havel said that Gypsies in his own country and elsewhere should have a better deal.At the congress a Slovak-born lawyer,Emil Scuka,was elected president of the International Tomany ter this month a group of elected Gypsy politicians,including members of parliament,mayors and local councilors from all over Europe(OSCE),to discuss how to persuade more Gypsies to get involved in politics.The International Romany Union is probably the most representative of the outfits that speak for Gypsies,but that is not saying a lot.Of the several hundred delegates who gathered at its congress,few were democratically elected;oddly,none came from Hungary,whose Gypsies are perhaps the world’s best organized,with some450Gypsy bodies advising local councils there.The union did,however,announce its ambition to set up a parliament,but how it would actually be elected was left undecided.So far,the European Commission is wary of encouraging Gypsies to present themselves as a nation.The might,it is feared,open a Pandora’s box already containing Basques,Corsicans and other awkward peoples.Besides, acknowledging Gypsies as a nation might backfire,just when several countries,particularly Hungary,Slovakia and the Czech Republic,arebeginning to treat them better,in order to qualify for EU membership.“The EU’s whole premise is to overcome differences,not to highlight them,”says a nervous Eurocrat.But the idea that the Gypsies should win some kind of special recognition as Europe’s largest continent wide minority,and one with a terrible history of persecution,is catching on.Gypsies have suffered many pogroms over the centuries.In Romania,the country that still has the largest number of them(more than1m),in the19th century they were actually enslaved.Hitler tried to wipe them out,along with the Jews.“Gypsies deserve some space within European structures,”says Jan Marinus Wiersma,a Dutchman in the European Parliament who suggests that one of the current commissioners should be responsible for Gypsy affairs. Some prominent Gypsies say they should be more directly represented, perhaps with a quota in the European Parliament.That,they argue,might give them a boost.There are moves afoot to help them to get money for, among other things,a Gypsy university.One big snag is that Europe’s Gypsies are,in fact,extremely heterogeneous.They belong to many different,and often antagonistic, clans and tribes,with no common language or religion,Theirself-proclaimed leaders have often proved quarrelsome and corrupt.Still, says,Dimitrina Petrova,head of the European Roma Rights Center in Budapest,Gypsies’shared experience of suffering entitles them to talkof one nation;their potential unity,she says,stems from“being regarded as sub-human by most majorities in Europe.”And they have begun to be a bit more pragmatic.In Slovakia and Bulgaria, for instance,Gypsy political parties are trying to form electoral blocks that could win seats in parliament.In Macedonia,a Gypsy party already has some—and even runs a municipality.Nicholas Gheorge,an expert on Gypsy affairs at the OSCE,reckons that,spread over Central Europe, there are now about20Gypsy MPS and mayors,400-odd local councilors, and a growing number of businessmen and intellectuals.That is far from saying that they have the people or the cash to forge a nation.But,with the Gypsy question on the EU’s agenda in Central Europe,they are making ground."1.The Best Title of this passage is"[A].Gypsies Want to Form a Nation.[B].Are They a Nation.[C].EU Is Afraid of Their Growth.[C].They Are a Tribe "2.Where are the most probable Gypsy territory origins?"[A].Most probably they drifted west from India in the7th century.[B].They are scattered everywhere in the world.[C].Probably,they stemmed from Central Europe.[D].They probably came from the International Romany Union."3.What does the International Romany lobby for?"[A].It lobbies for a demand to be accepted by such internationalorganizations as EU and UN.[B].It lobbies for a post in any international Romany Union.[C].It lobbies for the right as a nation.[D].It lobbies for a place in such international organizations as the EU or UN."4.Why is the Europe Commission wary of encouraging Gypsies to present themselves as a nation?"[A].It may open a Pandora’s Box.[B].Encouragement may lead to some unexpected results.[C].It fears that the Basgnes,Corsicans and other nations seeking separation may raise the same demand.[D].Gyspsies’demand may highlight the difference in the EU."5.The big problem lies in the fact that"[A].Gypsies belong to different and antagonistic clans and tribes without a common language or religion.[B].Their leaders prove corrupt.[C].Their potential unity stems from“being regarded as sub-human”.[D].They are a bit more pragmatic.阅读理解（二）Social circumstances in Early Modern England mostly served to repress women’s voices.Patriarchal culture and institutions constructed them as chaste,silent,obedient,and subordinate.At the beginning of the17th century,the ideology of patriarchy,political absolutism,and gender hierarchy were reaffirmed powerfully by King James in The Trew Law of Free Monarchie and the Basilikon Doron;by that ideology the absolute power of God the supreme patriarch was seen to be imaged in the absolute monarch of the state and in the husband and father of a family. Accordingly,a woman’s subjection,first to her father and then to her husband,imaged the subjection of English people to their monarch,and of all Christians to God.Also,the period saw an outpouring of repressive or overtly misogynist sermons,tracts,and plays,detailing women’s physical and mental defects,spiritual evils,rebelliousness,shrewish ness,and natural inferiority to men.Yet some social and cultural conditions served to empower women.During the Elizabethan era(1558—1603)the culture was dominated by a powerful Queen,who provided an impressive female example though she left scant cultural space for other women.Elizabethan women writers began to produce original texts but were occupied chiefly with translation.In the17th century,however,various circumstances enabled women to write original texts in some numbers.For one thing,some counterweight to patriarchy was provided by female communities—mothers and daughters, extended kinship networks,close female friends,the separate court of Queen Anne(King James’consort)and her often oppositional masques and political activities.For another,most of these women had a reasonablygood education(modern languages,history,literature,religion,music, occasionally Latin)and some apparently found in romances and histories more expansive terms for imagining women’s lives.Also,representation of vigorous and rebellious female characters in literature and especially on the stage no doubt helped to undermine any monolithic social construct of women’s mature and role.Most important,perhaps,was the radical potential inherent in the Protestant insistence on every Christian’s immediate relationship with God and primary responsibility to follow his or her individual conscience. There is plenty of support in St Paul’s epistles and elsewhere in the Bible for patriarchy and a wife’s subjection to her husband,but some texts(notably Galatians3:28)inscribe a very different politics, promoting women’s spiritual equality:“There is neither Jew nor Greek, there is neither bond nor free,there is neither male nor female:for ye are all one in Jesus Christ.”Such texts encouraged some women to claim the support of God the supreme patriarch against the various earthly patriarchs who claimed to stand toward them in his stead. There is also the gap or slippage between ideology and common experience. English women throughout the17th century exercised a good deal of accrual power:as managers of estates in their husbands’absences at court or on military and diplomatic missions;as members of guilds;as wives and mothers who apex during the English Civil War and Interregnum(1640-60)as the execution of the King and the attendant disruption of social hierarchies led many women to seize new roles—as preachers,as prophetesses,as deputies for exiled royalist husbands,as writers of religious and political tracts."1.What is the best title for this passage?"[A].Women’s Position in the17th Century.[B].Women’s Subjection to Patriarchy.[C].Social Circumstances in the17th Century.[D].Women’s objection in the17th Century."2.What did the Queen Elizabeth do for the women in culture?"[A].She set an impressive female example to follow.[B].She dominated the culture.[C].She did little.[D].She allowed women to translate something."3.Which of the following is Not mention as a reason to enable women to original texts?"[A].Female communities provided some counterweight to patriarchy.[B].Queen Anne’s political activities.[C].Most women had a good education.[D].Queen Elizabeth’s political activities."4.What did the religion so for the women?"[A].It did nothing.[B].It too asked women to be obedient except some texts.[C].It supported women.[D].It appealed to the God.二、完型填空完型填空（一）Exercise is good for you,but most people really know very little about how to exercise properly.1when you try,you can runsintostrouble.Many people2that when specific muscles are exercised,the fat in the neighbouring area is“3up”.Yet the4is that exercise burns fat from all over5.Studies show muscles which are not6lose their strength very quickly.To regain it needs48to72hours and exercise every other day will7a normal level of physical strength.To8weight you should always “work up a good sweat”when exercising.9sweating only10body temperature to prevent over heating.This is11water loss.12You replace the liquid,you replace the13.Walking is the best and easy-to-do exercise.It helps the circulation of blood14the body,and has a direct 15on your overall feeling of health.Experience says that20minutes’1617is minimun amount.18your breathing doesn’t return to normal state within minutes after you finish19,you’ve done20.1.A.While B.When C.As D.So2.A.understand B.believe C.hope D.know3.A.built B.burned C.piled D.grown4.A.reply B.possiblility C.truth D.reason5.A.arm B.leg C.stomach D.body6.A.exercised B.examined C.protected D.cured7.A.lose B.raise C.burn D.keep8.A.lose B.gain C.keep D.burn9.A.Certainly B.No C.Fortunately D.Probably10.A.raises B.reduces C.destroys D.keeps up11.A.how B.why C.nothing but D.more than12.A.While B.Once C.As D.Whenever13.A.weight B.muscle C.sweat D.strength14.A.over B.around C.throughout D.with15.A.effect e age D.affectcation B.sleep C.exercise D.rest17.A.one day B.a day C.everyday D.someday18.A.But if B.But C.If D.And if19.A.working B.walking C.exercising D.breathing20.A.enough B.much C.too much D.much too完型填空（二）Have you ever wondered what our future is like?Practically all people _1_a desire to predict their future_2_.Most people seem inclined to_3_ this task using causal reasoning.First we_4_recognize that futurecircumstances are_5_caused or conditioned by present ones.Welearn that getting an education will_6_how much money we earn later and that swimming beyond the reef may bring an unhappy_7_with a shark.Second,people also learn that such_8_of cause and effect are probabilistic(可能的)in nature.Thatis,the effects occur more often when the causes occur than when the causes are_9_,butnotalways.Thus,students learn that studying hard_10_good grades in most instances,but not everytime.Science makes these concepts of causality and probability more_11_and provides techniques fordealing _12_then more accurately than does causal human inquiry.In looking at ordinary humaninquiry,we need to_13_between prediction and understanding.Often,even if we don't understandwhy,we are willing to act _14_the basis of a demonstrated predictive ability.Whatever the primitivedrives_15_motivate human beings,satisfying them depends heavily on the ability to_16_futurecircumstances.The attempt to predict is often played in a_17_of knowledge and understanding.If youcan understand why certain regular patterns_18_,you can predict better than if you simply observe thosepatterns.Thus,human inquiry aims_19_ answering both"what"and"why"question,and we pursue these_20_by observing and figuring out.1.[A]exhibit[B]exaggerate[C]examine[D]exceed2.[A]contexts[B]circumstances[C]inspections[D]intuitions3.[A]underestimate[B]undermine[C]undertake[D]undergo4.[A]specially[B]particularly[C]always[D]generally5.[A]somehow[B]somebody[C]someone[D]something6.[A]enact[B]affect[C]reflect[D]inflect7.[A]meeting[B]occurrence[C]encounter[D]contact8.[A]patterns[B]designs[C]arrangements[D]pictures9.[A]disappointde[B]absent[C]inadequate[D]absolute10.[A]creates[B]produces[C]loses[D]protects11.[A]obscure[B]indistinct[C]explicit[D]explosive12.[A]for[B]at[C]in[D]with13.[A]distinguish[B]distinct[C]distort[D]distract14.[A]at[B]on[C]to[D]under15.[A]why[B]how[C]that[D]where16.[A]predict[B]produce[C]pretend[D]precede17.[A]content[B]contact[C]contest[D]context18.[A]happen[B]occur[C]occupy[D]incur19.[A]at[B]on[C]to[D]beyond20.[A]purposes[B]ambitions[C]drives[D]goals三、翻译1、他用所有的积蓄为儿子买了一辆自行车。

大学英语(3)练习题及参考答案

单项选择题1、Not until most of the people had left the airport___C____his sister was there.that he sawhad he seendid he seethat he had seen2、They handed in their paper____D___.in lineby turnat turnin turn3、He____D___himself quickly to the new condition of his work.changedalteredadjustedvaried4、It was well known that Thomas Edison____A___the electric lamp.inventeddiscoveredfounddeveloped5、When a fire___B____at the National Exhibition, at least ten priceless paintings were completely destroyed.broke offbroke outbroke downbroke up6、He is a kind-hearted and___B____gentleman.respectiverespectablerespectedrespectful7、I prefer to live in the countryside. Country life has a lot of____C___over city life.characterqualitiesadvantagesways8、One day while Mr. King was working, he had a(an)____B__and his left leg was badly injured.businessaccidentmatterevent9、Three people,____D___, were injured in the accident.included a childinclude a childincluding a childincludes a child10、Good-bye, Miss Liu. I’m very pleased_____D___.to meet youhaving met yoube meeting youto have met you11、We consider____B___the instrument be adjusted each time it is used.that it necessaryit necessary thatnecessary thatnecessary of it that12、Dr. Hoffman proposed that we____A___the meeting until next week.put offto put offputting offneed put off13、One of the benefits of the new model is that it is easier___C__than the old one.operatingto be operatedto operateoperated14、A lecture hall is___C____where students attend lectures.therewhichonethat15、In this factory each worker must receive a____A___training course.two-monthtwo monthstwo-monthstwo-months'16、Once he starts a job, he won’t stop____D___it is finished.tillafterbeforeuntil17、____C___all we should put the theory into practice.BesideToAboveOf18、It____D___that I met one of my old classmates on my way home yesterday.took placeoccurredbroke outhappened19、She___C____her success to hard work and strong will.ownsgivesowesregards20、The teacher spoke so fast that it was hard for the students to____A___what he was saying.take intake outtake uptake over21、The refrigerator is____D___; we must buy some food.bareblankhollowempty22、If you want to learn something, you had better pay___C___in class.carerespectattentionnotion23、I don’t think this kind of medicine has any___C____.answercauseeffectwork24、Don’t worry, your watch___D____and you can have it in no timeis repairedhas been repairedwas repairedis being repaired25、The picture is pleasant___C_____.to look atto lookto be looked atlooking at26、Do you feel like___B____today?having something eatenhaving something to eatto have something eatento have something to eat27、If there were life on Mars, such life forms___C____unable to survive on earth.isarewould bewill be28、It is____D___that he has to ask for help.so a big joba so big joba such big jobsuch a big job29、History is the story of____C___happened to the people before today.whicheverwhomeverwhateverwherever30、How the fire in the dance hall started___B____a mystery.to remainremainsremainis remaining。

西方经济学强化练习习题及答案3

平均可变成本：指每单位产量所花费的可变成本。
短期边际成本：指短期内增加一单位产量所增加的成本量。
3．长期总成本：指厂商在长期内生产一定数量的产品所支付的费用总额。
长期平均成本：指从长期来看，厂商平均每单位产量所花费的总成本。
长期边际成本：指从长期来看厂商每增加一单位产量所增加的总成本。
4．规模经济：若厂商的产量扩大1倍，而厂商的生产成本的增加低于1倍，则称厂商的生产存在着规模经济。
4．长期成本曲线上的每一点都与短期成本曲线上的某一点相对应，但短期成本曲线上并非每一点都与长期成本曲线上的某一点对应。
5．LTC绝不会大于该产量上有最优生产规模所决定的STC。
6．在短期内，随着产量的增加，AFC逐渐变小，AC曲线与AVC曲线之间的垂直距离越来越小，但绝不会相交。
7．SMC=LMC，并且小于LAC时，LAC曲线处于上升阶段。
A 显成本 B 隐成本 C 经济利润 D 正常利润
28．对应于边际报酬递增阶段，STC曲线( )。
A 以递增的速率上升 B以递增的速率下降
C以递减的速率上升 D以递增的速率下降
29．短期内的每一产量上的MC( )。
A 是该产量上的TVC曲线的斜率，但不是该产量上的TC曲线的斜率
7．生产者均衡：即生产要素的最优组合，是指以最小成本生产最大产量的生产要素的配合比例。实现了要素的最优组合，也就是达到了利润最大化。
8．规模收益递增：若产量增加的倍数大于生产要素同比例增加的倍数则称生产是规模收益递增的。
9．总收益：是指厂商销售一定数量的产品或劳务所获得的全部收入，它等于产品的销售价格与销售数量之间的乘积。
A 规模报酬处于递减阶段 B SMC=LMC

软考《软件设计师》模拟练习题及答案(3)

软考《软件设计师》模拟练习题及答案(3)Software design is a creative process.It requires a certain amount of flair on the part of the designer and the final design is normally an iteration from a number of preliminary designs.Design cannot be learned from a book—it must be practiced and learnt by experience and study of existing systems.Good design is the key to effective software engineering.A well-designed software system i s straightforward [1] to implement and maintain，easily understood and reliable. Badly designed systems，although they may work，are likely to be expensive to m aintain，difficult to test and unreliable.The design stage is therefore the mos t critical part of the software development process.Until fairly recently，software design was largely an ad hoc[2] process.Giv en a set of requirements，usually in natural language，an informal design was p repared，often in the form of a flowchart[3].Coding then commenced and the desi gn was modified as the system was implemented.When the implementation stage was complete，the design had usually changed so much from its initial specificatio n that the original design document was a totally inadequate description of the system.This approach to software design was responsible for many dramatic and very expensive project failures.Now it is realized that completely informal notatio ns such as flowcharts，which are close to the programming language，are inadequ ate vehicles for formulating and expressing system design.It is recognized that precise(although not necessarily formal)specification is an essential part of the design process and that software design is an iterative，multi-stage activi ty which cannot be represented in any single notation.Accordingly，a number of design notations such as data flow diagrams.HIPO charts[4]，structure diagrams and design description languages have been developed which are superior to flow charts for expressing software designs.Given a requirements definition，the software engineer must use this to der ive the design of a programming system which satisfies these requirements.This derivation is accomplished in a number of stages：(1)The subsystems making up the programming system must be established.(2)Each subsystem must be decomposed into separate components and the subsy stem specification established by defining the operation of these components.(3)Each program may then be designed in terms of interacting subcomponents.(4)Each component must then be refined.This normally entails specifying each component as hierarchy of subcomponents.(5)At some stage of this refinement process，the algorithms used in each co mponent must be specified in detail.As well as these various stages of programming system design，the software engineer may also be required to design communication mechanisms allowing processes in the system to communicate[5].He or she may have to design file structures，and will almost certainly have to design the data structures used in his programs.He or she will have to design test cases to validate his programs.There is no definitive way of establishing what is meant by a“good”design.Depending on the application and the particular project requirements，a good design might be a design which allows very efficient code to be produced，it might be a minimal design where the implementation is as compact as possible，or it might be the most maintainable design.This latter criterion is the criterion of“goodness”adopted here.A maintainable design implies that the cost of system changes is minimized and this means that the design should be understandable and that changes should be local in effect.Both of these are achieved if the software design is highly cohesive and loosely coupled[6].Effective software design is best accomplished by using a consistent design methodology.There have been a vast number of design methodologies developed and used in different applications.Some of these are described by Peters(1980)and by Blank and Krijger(1983).In essence，most of these methodologies can be classified into one of three areas：(1)Top-down functional design.The system is designed from a functional viewpoint，starting with a high-level view and progressively refining this into a more detailed design.This methodology is exemplified by Structured Design and stepwise refinement.(2)Object-oriented design.The system is viewed as a collection of objects rather than as functions with messages passed from object to object.Each object has its own set of associated operations.Object-oriented design is based on the idea of information hiding which was first put forward by Parnas(1972)and which has been described more recently by Robson(1981)and Booch(1983).(3)Data-driven design.This methodology，suggested by Jackson(1975)and Warnier(1977)suggests that the structure of a software system should reflect the structure of the data processed by that system.Therefore，the software design is derived from an analysis of the input and output system data.NOTES[1] straightforward：直接了当的，简单明了的。

中考英语语法填空随堂练习及答案三

中考英语语法填空随堂练习及答案三1阅读下面短文，按照句子结构和上下午连贯要求，在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中的词语的正确形式填空．Jason and Andy are twins．They share a lot of things，including room，food and toys．One Saturday，Jason and Andy went out __101__（play）with a toy car．Both of them wanted to be the owner of the car，so they shouted at each other．_102_（They）mother heard the boys arguing．She came out and told them to take turns to play with the toy car，but the twins wouldn't．A few days later，Mother brought __103__pet home．"Can't we each have our own pet dog？" asked the boys．They were _104_（tire）of sharing everything．"No! The dog must _105_（share）．" Mother said．"You will have to feed the dog and make sure it does not get into anything wrong．"Several days later，the dog got into mother's room __106__（secret）and made a mess there．Jason saw the dog playing with mother's clothes．He quickly went to find Andy and told him __107__the dog had done．"Oh，no! It's our duty to clean up the mess!" _108_（cry）Andy．They boys picked up the clothes and put them away rapidly．"Just think，Jason，" said Andy，"what a big mess two __109__（dog）would have made!" "I agree _110_ you，" laughed Jason，"Maybe sharing isn't so bad!"2用括号中所给动词的正确形式填空, 使短文完整。

(王峰、赵登峰)国际贸易理论与实务(第三版)练习题及答案 (3)[8页]

《国际贸易理论与实务》习题及答案配套教材：《国际贸易理论与实务 (第三版) 》主编：王峰赵登峰出版社：高等教育出版社 2020年8月第三章一、填空题1、从国际经济地理的分布上看，发达国家大都分布在北方，发展中国家大都分布在南方，因此，国际经济学界有时将这种发达国家与发展中国家的产业间贸易称作南北贸易。

2、外部规模经济指企业的平均成本随着整个行业生产规模的不断扩大而下降。

3、不以要素禀赋差异为基础，而以规模经济和差异产品为基础的国际贸易是产业内贸易。

4、外部规模经济下的国际分工与贸易模式是不可预测的，在很大程度上由历史或偶然因素决定。

5、从技术转移的角度探讨比较优势动态演变的贸易理论是技术差距理论和产品生命周期理论。

6、重叠需求理论认为，收入水平是影响一国需求结构的最主要因素。

7、1961年瑞典经济学家林德提出了重叠需求理论，从需求的角度探讨了国际贸易发生的原因。

8、国际贸易理论最新的发展方向之一是将技术作为贸易的内生变量来分析，既研究技术变化的原因，也研究作为生产和贸易结果的技术进步对贸易模式与社会福利的影响。

9、在国内投资乘数理论的基础上，凯恩斯的追随们引申出对外贸易乘数理论。

10、战略性贸易理论的基本内容是利用关税分享外国企业的垄断利润和通过补贴获得市场份额。

11、贸易政策有两大基本类型，即自由贸易政策和保护贸易政策。

12、美国1988年在《综合贸易法》中修订过301条款。

13、进口替代政策就是以国内生产的工业品代替进口产品的政策。

14、出口替代政策指用工业制成品和半制成品的出口代替初级产品出口的政策。

15、除比较优势外，规模经济成为国际贸易的一个独立的基础和源泉。

16、某种商品的进口大国设置一定程度的关税会使贸易条件向有利于本国不利于外国的方向转化，使国内实际收入最大化，这种程度关税叫最优关税。

17、美国1988年《综合贸易法》中的“特别301条款”是专门针对知识产权保护问题。

18、对外贸易乘数理论认为，边际消费倾向越_大_，平均税率和边际进口倾向越_低_，对外贸易乘数就越大。

2024年新高考改革适应性练习(3)(九省联考题型)数学卷及答案

2024年新高考改革适应性练习（3）（九省联考题型）数学试题卷（2024.2.6）考生须知1. 本卷共4页，四大题19小题，满分150分，答题时间120分钟；2. 答题时须在答题卡上填涂所选答案（选择题），或用黑色字迹的签字笔规范书写答案与步骤（非选择题），答在本试题卷上或草稿纸上的答案均属无效；3. 考试结束时，考生须一并上交本试题卷，答题卡与草稿纸．一、单项选择题（本题共8小题，每小题5分，共40分．在每小题给出的四个选项中，只有一项是符合题目要求的．）1. 设样本空间ΩΩ={1,2,…,6}包含等可能的样本点，且AA={1,2,3,4}，BB={3,4,5,6}，则PP(AABB)= A．13B．14C．15D．162. 若复数zz满足zz2是纯虚数，则|zz−2|的最小值是A．1 B．√2C．2 D．2√23. 算术基本定理告诉我们，任何一个大于1的自然数NN，如果NN不为质数，那么NN可以唯一分解成有限个素因数的乘积的形式．如，60可被分解为 22×31×51，45可被分解为 32×51．任何整除NN的正整数dd都叫作NN的正因数．如，20的正因数有1，2，4，5，10，20．则4200的正因数个数是A．4 B．7 C．42 D．484. 已知点(aa,bb)在直线 2xx+yy−1=0 第一象限的图像上，则1aa+1bb的最小值是A．3+2√2B．2+2√2C．1+2√2D．2√25. 已知函数ff(xx)=sin xx，gg(xx)=cos xx，则ff�gg(xx)�和gg�ff(xx)�都单调递增的一个区间是A．�2ππ5,4ππ5�B．�4ππ5,6ππ5�C．�6ππ5,8ππ5�D．�8ππ5,2ππ�6. 已知直线ll过点(2,1)，且与两坐标轴围成的三角形的面积是6，则满足条件的直线ll共有A．1条B．2条C．3条D．4条7. 我们记ff(nn)(xx)为函数ff(xx)的nn次迭代，即ff(1)(xx)=ff(xx)，ff(2)(xx)=ff�ff(xx)�，…，ff(nn)= ff�ff(nn−1)(xx)�．已知函数gg(xx)=xx|xx|，则gg(2024)(xx)=A．xx3|xx|2021B．xx4|xx|2020C．xx2|xx|2022D．xx20248. 若一四面体恰有一条长度大于1的棱，则这个四面体体积的最大值是A．√33B．12C．13D．√22二、多项选择题（本题共3小题，每小题6分，共18分．在每小题给出的选项中，有多项符合题目要求．全部选对的得6分，有选错的得0分，若只有2个正确选项，每选对一个得3分；若只有3个正确选项，每选对一个得2分．）9. 已知函数ff(xx)=xx3−2xx，下列说法正确的是A．函数gg(xx)=ff(xx)+ff′(xx)无零点B．直线 2xx+yy=0 与yy=ff(xx)相切C．存在无数个aa>0 ，ff(xx)在区间(−aa,aa)上不单调D．存在mm>0 ，使得对于任意nn，ff(nn)≤ff(nn+mm)10. 若一个人一次仅能爬1级或2级台阶，记aa nn为爬nn级台阶时不同的爬法数(nn∈NN∗)．关于数列{aa nn}，下列说法正确的是A．函数ff(nn)=aa nn单调递增B．aa1+aa3+aa5的值为12C．aa1+aa2+⋯+aa10=232D．2aa12+aa22+⋯+aa102=89×14411. 如右图，已知抛物线CC的焦点为FF，准线方程为ll:xx=−1 ，点PP是CC上的一动点．过点PP作ll的垂线，垂足为QQ．过点PP作CC的切线，该切线与xx,yy轴分别交于AA,BB两个不同的点．下列说法正确的是A．抛物线CC的标准方程为yy2=2xxB．QQ,BB,FF三点共线当且仅当|PPFF|=4C．当|PPFF|≠1 时，都有PPAA⊥QQFFD．当|PPFF|≠1 时，△PPAAFF恒为等腰三角形三、填空题（本题共3小题，每小题5分，共15分．）12. 在棱长为1的正方体AABBCCAA−AA1BB1CC1AA1中，三棱锥CC−AABB1AA1的体积是_________．13. 从集合{xx|−4≤xx≤2024}中任选2个不同的非零整数作为二次函数ff(xx)=aaxx2+bbxx的系数，则所有满足ff(xx)的顶点在第一象限或第三象限的有序数对(aa,bb)共有_________组．14. 已知向量aa,bb,cc满足aa+bb+cc=00，(aa−bb)⊥(aa−cc)，|bb−cc|=3 ，则|aa|+|bb|+|cc|的最大值是_________．四、解答题（本题共5小题，共77分．解答应写出文字说明，证明过程或演算步骤．）15.（13分）已知正方体AABBCCAA−AA1BB1CC1AA1．（1）证明：AAAA1⊥AA1CC；（2）求二面角BB−AA1CC−AA．16.（15分）已知定义在RR上的函数ff(xx)=aaxx4+bbxx3+ccxx2+ddxx(aa≠0)．（1）若原点是ff(xx)的一个极值点，证明：ff(xx)的所有零点也是其所有极值点；（2）若ff(xx)的4个零点成公差为2的等差数列，求ff′(xx)的最大零点与最小零点之差．17.（15分）设点SS(1,1)在椭圆CC:xx2aa2+yy2bb2=1(aa>bb>0)内，直线ll:bb2xx2+aa2yy2−aa2bb2=0 ．（1）求ll与CC的交点个数；（2）设PP为ll PPSS与CC相交于MM,NN两点．给出下列命题：①存在点PP，使得1|PPPP|,1|PPPP|,1|PPPP|成等差数列；②存在点PP，使得|PPMM|,|PPSS|,|PPNN|成等差数列；③存在点PP，使得|PPMM|,|PPSS|,|PPNN|成等比数列；请从以上三个命题中选择一个，证明该命题为假命题．（若选择多个命题分别作答，则按所做的第一个计分．）18.（17分）2024部分省市的高考数学推行8道单选，3道多选的新题型政策．单选题每题5分，选错不得分，多选题每题完全选对6分，部分选对部分分（此处直接视作3分），不选得0分．现有小李和小周参与一场新高考数学题，小李的试卷正常，而小周的试卷选择题是被打乱的，所以他11题均认为是单选题来做．假设两人选对一个单选题的概率都是14，且已知这四个多选题都只有两个正确答案．（1）记小周选择题最终得分为XX，求EE(XX)．（2）假设小李遇到三个多选题时，每个题他只能判断有一个选项是正确的，且小李也只会再选1个选项，假设他选对剩下1个选项的概率是 pp 0�pp 0≥13� ，请你帮小李制定回答4个多选题的策略，使得分最高．19.（17分）信息论之父香农（Shannon ）在1948年发表的论文“通信的数学理论”中指出，任何信息都存在冗余，冗余大小与信息中每个符号（数字、字母或单词）的出现概率或者说不确定性有关．香农借鉴了热力学的概念，把信息中排除了冗余后的平均信息量称为“信息熵”，并给出了计算信息熵的数学表达式．设随机变量 XX 所有取值为 1,2,…,nn ，且 PP (xx =ii )=PP ii >0（ii =1,2,…,nn ），PP 1+PP 2+⋯+PP nn =1 ，定义 XX 的信息熵HH (XX )=−�PP ii log 2PP ii nn ii=1（1）当 nn =1 时，求 HH (XX ) 的值；（2）当 nn =2 时，若 PP 1∈�0,12� ，探究 HH (XX ) 与 PP 1 的关系，并说明理由；（3）若 PP 1=PP 2=12nn−1 ，PP kk+1=2PP kk (kk =2,3,⋯,nn ) ，求此时的信息熵 HH (XX ) ．2024年新高考改革适应性练习（3）（九省联考题型）数学参考答案一、单项选择题（本题共8小题，每小题5分，共40分．在每小题给出的四个选项中，只有一项是符合题目要求的．）题号 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 答案 A B D A D D B C二、多项选择题（本题共3小题，每小题6分，共18分．在每小题给出的选项中，有多项符合题目要求．全部选对的得6分，有选错的得0分，若只有2个正确选项，每选对一个得3分；若只有3个正确选项，每选对一个得2分．具体得分如【附】评分表．）题号91011答案BC ABD BCD【附】评分表三、填空题（本题共3小题，每小题5分，共15分．）题号121314答案132023×2024+4×2024（或 2027×2024）3+3√10四、解答题（本题共5小题，共77分．解答应写出文字说明，证明过程或演算步骤．）15.（13分）以点AA1为坐标原点，AA1BB1��⃗为xx轴正方向，AA1DD1��⃗为yy轴正方向，AA1AA��⃗为zz轴正方向，建立空间直角坐标系OOxxyyzz，并令正方体AABBAADD−AA1BB1AA1DD1的棱长为1．（1）则AA1(0,0,0)，AA(1,−1,1)，AA1AA��⃗=(1,−1,1)；AA(0,0,1)，DD1(0,−1,0)，AADD1��⃗=(0,−1,−1)．所以AADD1��⃗·AA1AA��⃗=0+1+(−1)=0 ，即AADD1��⃗⊥AA1AA��⃗．故AADD1⊥AA1AA得证．（2）BB(1,0,1)，AA1BB��⃗=(1,0,1)，由（1）得AA1AA��⃗=(1,−1,1)，设平面AA1BBAA的一个法向量nn11=(xx1,yy1,zz1)，则nn11·AA1BB��⃗=nn11·AA1AA��⃗=0 ，即�xx1+zz1=0xx1−yy1+zz1=0令xx1=1 ，则�yy1=0zz1=−1，所以nn11=(1,0,−1)是平面AA1BBAA的一个法向量．同理可求得平面AA1AADD的一个法向量nn22=(0,1,1)，cos<nn11,nn22>=nn11·nn22|nn11|·|nn22|=−12又 <nn11,nn22>∈(0,ππ)，所以 <nn11,nn22>=2ππ3，即平面AA1BBAA与平面AA1AADD的所成角为2ππ3．故二面角BB−AA1AA−DD的大小为2ππ3．16.（15分）（1）ff(xx)=aaxx4+bbxx3+ccxx2+ddxx，ff′(xx)=aaxx3+bbxx2+ccxx+dd，由题意，原点是ff(xx)的一个极值点，即ff′(0)=0 ，代入得dd=0 ，所以ff(xx)=aaxx4+bbxx3+ccxx2=xx2(aaxx2+bbxx+cc)，ff′(xx)=aaxx3+bbxx2+ccxx=xx(aaxx2+bbxx+cc)，所以ff(xx)和ff′(xx)的零点（0除外）都是方程aaxx2+bbxx+cc=0 的根，即ff(xx)和ff′(xx)有共同零点，故ff(xx)的所有零点也是其所有极值点．（2）设ff(xx)的四个零点分别为mm−3 ，mm−1 ，mm+1 ，mm+3 ，则可以设ff(xx)=kk(xx−mm+3)(xx−mm+1)(xx−mm−1)(xx−mm−3)其中kk≠0 ，令tt=xx−mm，则ff(xx)=kk(tt+3)(tt+1)(tt−1)(tt−3)=kk(tt4−10tt+9)=gg(tt)gg′(tt)=kk(4tt3−20tt)=4kk(tt3−5tt)令gg′(tt)=0 得tt1=−√5 ，tt=0 ，tt=√5 ，所以 ff ′(xx )=0 的所有根为 xx 1=mm −√5 ，xx 2=mm ，xx 3=mm +√5 ，所以 ff ′(xx ) 的最大零点与最小零点之差为 |xx 3−xx 1|=2√5 ．17.（15分）（1）因为点 SS (1,1) 在 AA 内，所以 1aa 2+1bb 2<1 ，即 aa 2+bb 2−aa 2bb 2<0 ．联立 ll 与 AA 的方程，得 bb 2(aa 2+bb 2)xx 2−2aa 2bb 4xx +aa 4bb 2(bb 2−1)=0 ．判别式 Δ=4aa 4bb 8−4aa 4bb 4(aa 2+bb 2)(bb 2−1)=4aa 4bb 4(aa 2+bb 2−aa 2bb 2)<0 ，故该二次方程无解，即 ll 与 AA 交点个数为0．（2）可选择命题②或命题③（命题①无法证伪），证明其为假命题．记点 PP ,MM ,NN 的横坐标分别为 xx PP ,xx MM ,xx NN ，不妨设 PP ,MM ,SS ,NN 顺次排列．选择命题②的证明：当直线 MMNN 的斜率不存在时，MMNN :xx =1 ，分别与 ll ,AA 的方程联立可得 PP �1,bb 2−bb 2aa 2� ，MM �1,bb�1−1aa 2�,NN �1,−bb�1−1aa 2� ．若 |PPMM |,|PPSS |,|PPNN | 依次成等差数列，则 bb�1−1aa 2+�−bb�1−1aa 2�=2 ，显然矛盾，不满足题意．当直线 MMNN 的斜率存在时，设其斜率为 kk ，则 MMNN :yy =kk (xx −1)+1 ，与 ll 的方程联立可得 xx PP =aa 2�bb 2+kk−1�aa 2kk+bb 2；与 AA 的方程联立，得 (aa 2kk 2+bb 2)xx 2−2aa 2kk (kk −1)xx +aa 2[(kk −1)2−bb 2]=0 ，由韦达定理⎩⎨⎧xx MM +xx NN =2aa 2kk (kk −1)aa 2kk 2+bb 2xx MM xx NN =aa 2[(kk −1)2−bb 2]aa 2kk 2+bb 2则 2|PPSS |−(|PPMM |+|PPNN |)=√1+kk 2(2|xx PP −1|−|xx MM −xx PP |−|xx NN −xx PP |) . 不妨设 xx PP >1 ，则 xx PP >xx MM >1>xx NN ，所以原式=�1+kk 2[2(xx PP −1)−(xx PP −xx MM )−(xx PP −xx NN )]=�1+kk 2(xx MM +xx NN −2)=�1+kk 2⋅−2aa 2kk −2bb 2aa 2kk 2+bb 2<0因此 |PPMM |,|PPSS |,|PPNN | 不能成等差数列，从而②是假命题．选择命题③的证明：当直线 MMNN 的斜率不存在时，MMNN :xx =1 ，分别与 ll ,AA 的方程联立可得 PP �1,bb 2−bb 2aa 2� ，MM �1,bb�1−1aa 2�，NN �1,−bb�1−1aa 2�．若|PPMM |,|PPSS |,|PPNN |成等比数列，则��bb 2−bb 2aa 2�−bb �1−1aa 2�×��bb 2−bb 2aa 2�+bb �1−1aa 2�=��bb 2−bb 2aa2�−1�2即 aa 2+aa 2bb 2−bb 2=0 ，但 aa 2bb 2>aa 2+bb 2 ，因此 aa 2+aa 2bb 2−bb 2>2aa 2>0 ，矛盾，不满足题意．当直线 MMNN 的斜率存在时，设其斜率为 kk ，则 MMNN :yy =kk (xx −1)+1 ，与 ll 的方程联立可得 xx PP =aa 2�bb 2+kk−1�aa 2kk+bb 2；与 AA 的方程联立，得 (aa 2kk 2+bb 2)xx 2−2aa 2kk (kk −1)xx +aa 2[(kk −1)2−bb 2]=0 ，由韦达定理，⎩⎨⎧xx MM +xx NN =2aa 2kk (kk −1)aa 2kk 2+bb 2xx MM xx NN =aa 2[(kk −1)2−bb 2]aa 2kk 2+bb 2则|PPSS |2−|PPMM |⋅|PPNN |=�1+kk 2[(xx PP −1)2−(xx PP −xx MM )(xx PP −xx NN )] =�1+kk 2[(xx MM +xx NN −2)xx PP +1−xx MM xx NN ]=�1+kk 2��2aa 2kk (kk −1)aa 2kk 2+bb 2−1�⋅aa 2(bb 2+kk −1)aa 2kk +bb 2+1−aa 2[(kk −1)2−bb 2]aa 2kk 2+bb 2�=√1+kk 2aa 2kk 2+bb 2(aa 2+bb 2−aa 2bb 2)<0 因此 |PPMM |,|PPSS |,|PPNN | 不能成等比数列，故③是假命题．18.（17分）（1）由题意，对于单选题，小周每个单选题做对的概率为 14 ，对于多选题，小周每个多选题做对的概率为 12，设小周做对单选题的个数为 XX 1 ，做对多选题的个数为 XX 2 ，则XX 1∼BB �8,1�，XX 2∼BB �3,1� ，所以EE(XX1)=8×14=2 ，EE(XX1)=3×12=32，而小周选择题最终得分为XX=5XX1+3XX2，所以EE(XX)=5EE(XX1)+3EE(XX2)=5×2+3×32=292．（2）由题意他能判断一个选项正确，先把这个正确选项选上，如果他不继续选其他选项肯定能得三分，如果他继续选其它选项的话，设此时他的最终得分为XX3，则XX3的所有可能取值为0，6，则XX3的分布列为：XX30 6PP(XX3)1−pp0pp0那么这个题的得分期望是EE(XX3)=0×(1−pp0)+6pp0=6pp0,�pp0≥13�所以我们只需要比较3和 6pp0的大小关系即可，令 6pp0≥3，解得12≤pp0<1 ，此时四个多选题全部选两个选项得分要高，反之，若13≤pp0<12，此时四个多选只选他确定的那个选项得分最高．19.（17分）（1）若nn=1 ，则ii=1 ，PP1=1 ，因此HH(xx)=−(1×log21)=0 ．（2）HH(XX)与PP1正相关，理由如下：当nn=2 时，PP1∈�0,12�，HH(xx)=−PP1log2PP1−(1−PP1)log2(1−PP1)令ff(tt)=−tt log2tt−(1−tt)log2(1−tt)，其中tt∈�0,12�，则ff′(tt)=−log2tt+log2(1−tt)=log2�1tt−1�>0所以函数ff(tt)在�0,12�上单调递增，所以HH(xx)与PP1正相关．（3）因为PP1=PP2=12nn−1，PP kk+1=2PP kk(kk=2,3,⋯,nn)，所以PP kk =PP 2⋅2kk−2=2kk−22nn−1=12nn−kk+1 (kk =2,3,⋯,nn ) 故PP kk log 2PP kk =12nn−kk+1log 212nn−kk+1=−nn −kk +12nn−kk+1而PP 1log 2PP 1=12nn−1log 212nn−1=−nn −12nn−1于是HH (XX )=nn −12nn−1+�PP kk log 2PP kk nnkk=2=nn −12nn−1+nn −12nn−1+nn −22nn−2+⋯+222+12整理得HH (XX )=nn −12nn−1−nn 2nn +nn 2nn +nn −12nn−1+nn −22nn−2+⋯+222+12 令SS nn =12+222+323+⋯+nn −12nn−1+nn2nn 则12SS nn =122+223+324+⋯+nn −12nn +nn 2nn+1 两式相减得12SS nn =12+122+123+⋯+12nn −nn 2nn+1=1−nn +22nn+1 因此 SS nn =2−nn+22nn，所以 HH (XX )=nn−12nn−1−nn 2nn+SS nn =nn−12nn−1−nn 2nn+2−nn+22nn=2−12nn−2．。

课堂练习题3及参考答案

一、下列语句中标有横线的词项是集合概念还是非集合概念？1．人民，只有人民，才是创造历史的动力。

集合概念2．人民依法享有民主和自由的权利。

非集合概念3．北京人环保意识很强。

集合概念4．北京人是首都的公民，应当维护首都的形象。

非集合概念5．老年人经验丰富，老成持重。

集合概念6．我们的干部来自五湖四海。

集合概念二、下列定义正确吗？为什么？1．生产关系就是人与人之间的社会关系。

不正确，犯有“定义过宽”的错误。

定义项“人与人之间的社会关系”的外延比被定义项“生产关系”的外延大。

2．隐私案件是涉及有隐私内容的案件。

不正确，犯有“同语反复”的错误。

3．天文学就是研究太阳系的科学。

不正确，犯有“定义过窄”的错误。

定义项“研究太阳系的科学”比被定义项“天文学”外延小。

4．“什么是原因？”“原因就是产生结果的现象。

”“那么，什么又是结果？”“结果不就是原因产生的现象吗？”不正确，犯有“循环定义”的错误。

原因与结果这两种现象相互定义。

三、分析下列例子运用了何种探求因果联系的方法？写出其推理形式。

1.因船舶遇难落水，人在水中最多能坚持多久?有人研究发现：会水的人在水温0℃时可坚持15分钟；在水温2.5℃时，是30分钟；在水温5℃时，是1小时；在水温10℃时，是3小时；在水温25℃时，是一昼夜。

可见，人在水中坚持的时间长短与水温高低有因果关系。

( 共变法 )2.加拿大洛文教授为了弄清候鸟迁徙之谜，曾在秋天捕捉了几只候鸟，在入冬之后，将其中的几只置于白昼一天短于一天的自然环境里，将另外的几只置于日光灯照射之下的类似于白昼一天天延长的人工环境里，到了12月间，将两种环境里的候鸟全部放飞，结果发现，日光灯照射的候鸟像春天的候鸟一样向北飞去，而未受日光灯照射的候鸟却留在原地。

据此，洛文教授认为：候鸟迁徙的原因不是气温的升降，而是昼夜的长短。

（求同求异并用法）3.1975年，美国密西根州立大学的里斯本博士做了一个实验，有意外的发现。

2022年中国石化站长资格证考试练习题和答案(3)

2022年中国石化站长资格证考试练习题和答案（3）共5种题型，共135题一、单选题(共50题)1.同一座加油站在（）内连续发生2起以上相同类型的油品质量投诉，应立即停止相应油品销售，启动应急预案。

A：12小时B：24小时C：48小时D：72小时【答案】：B2.使用灭火器扑救火灾时要对准火焰（）喷射A：顶部B：根部C：前方D：后方【答案】：B3.关于食品类商品供应商资质认证，下列说法正确的是（）。

A：烟草零售经营许可证B：食品流通许可证C：个人健康证D：餐饮服务许可证【答案】：B4.小额配送价格执行( )A：站长定价B：零售价C：必须低于零售价D：市公司根据省公司指导价定价【答案】：D5.自封油枪的三颗钢珠放置于（）内。

A：顶杆B：自控杆C：橡胶垫D：弹簧【答案】：B6.中国石化加油卡由（）统一发行A：中国石化集团公司B：中国石化股份有限公司C：中国石化各省（市）石油分公司D：中国石化油品销售事业部【答案】：B7.对待顾客，下面哪中表现不得当( )A：主动应上前，热情问候B：面带微笑；你好欢迎光临C：对不起，麻烦你稍等一下D：这边这边，停这边【答案】：D8.产品( )是指任何一种产品均有其寿命。

A：库存周期B：盘点周期C：管理周期D：生命周期【答案】：D9.便利店间进行商品调拨时,( )必须库存准确,否则无法进行系统操作。

A：调出门店B：调入门店C：配送中心D：供应商【答案】：A10.从石油炼制过程得到的液化石油气中，除烷烃外还有烯烃和二烯烃。

有的液化石油气中含有少量戊烷、戊烯及以上的组分，这些组分的沸点高(27℃～36℃)，在常温常压下不易气化，我们把这部分液体称为。

A：油气B：残液C：残渣【答案】：B11.客户的日常维护沟通方式不包括（）。

A：电话回访B：上门走访C：微信客户群的沟通D：发律师函【答案】：D12.按规定液位仪与手工计量数据比对时，液位高度的允差为（）。

A：±1mmB：±2mmC：±3mmD：±4mm【答案】：B13.品类管理是"零售商和供应商合作，将品类视为策略性事业单位来经营的过程，专注于实现（）需求，最终提升企业经营业绩"。

高级英语练习题含答案(第二册) (3)

Lesson ThreePub Talk and the King’s EnglishI. Choose the one which best explains the word given blow:1. intricateA. difficultB. complicatedC. invalidD. simple2. anecdoteA. short amusing storyB. long tedious talkC. uninteresting writingD. exciting information3. affirmationA. negative conversationB. possibilityC. positive statementD. affection4. churlA. soldierB. bishopC. naturalistD. peasant5. convictA. criminalB. aggressorC. captainD. captor6. interceptA. stop between starting-point and destinationB. arrive at the conclusionC. write words expressing respectD. prevent from being seen7. denialA. piece of open landB. accepting an invitationC. refusing a requestD. teaching good behaviour8. delveA. give oneself upB. clasp carefullyC. search carefully and deeplyD. look down upon9. immuneA. secureB. impureC. odorousD. revival10. facetiousA. unimportantB. very superficialC. hideousD. not serious11. sinisterA. not pretendedB. suggesting evilC. happening in the same timeD. giving orders12. pejorativeA. sharpB. distastefulC. contemptuousD. penetrating13. ultimatumA. the general opinion about the character, qualities etc.B. state of being in demandC. sth. that provokes or annoysD. final statement of conditions to be accepted14. tussleA. have a hard struggle or fightB. raise to a higher gradeC. come to a lower level or stateD. make the greatest possible use of15. scamperA. move onward smoothlyB. drop down directlyC. run quickly and playfullyD. walk forward and backward16. edictA. orderB. articleC. paintingD. newspaper17. tartA. differentB. sarcasticC. loadedD. special18. coinA. happenB. coincideC. comfortD. invent19. dominanceA. ruling classB. manageable domainC. controlling powerD. religious establishment20. salonA. a regular held fashionable gatheringB. a big luxurious carC. a grand comfortable hotelD. a large public drinking place21. sociableA. gregariousB. collectiveC. commonD. ordinary22. deserveA. to take awayB. to last longC. to help withD. to be worthy of23. sparkleA. strike.B. glitterC. climbD. flow24. opportunityA. an opposing forceB. a favourable placeC. a chance for advancementD. a difficult situation25. indulgedA. gratifyB. involveC. interruptD. gratitude26. gossipA. gloryB. rumorC. private factD. personal things27. prosea. imitation B. copyingC. writingD. drawing28. punctuateA. insert occasionallyB. not to emphasizeC. act instantlyD. interrupt periodically29. recessA. accepted quantityB. the act of receivingC. secluded placeD. secrete news30. pressingA. urgentB. immediateC. refusingD. interacting.II. Complete the word according to the definition, the first letter of the wordis given:1. ordinary c ommonplace2. jumping from one thing to another d esultory3. soldier armed with a musket m usketeer4. very close friend or associate i ntimate _5. flow slowly, turning here and there m eander _6. using or involving two languages b ilingual _7. farmyard birds of any kind, such as hens, ducks, etc. p oultry8. person in an unimportant position working for sb. else u nderlings9. magical or mysterious power or process of transforming one thing into anothera lchemy10. state, quality of being snobbish s nobbery _11. person with the legal right to receive a title, property, when the owner diesh eir12. mocking remark j eer _13. greatest in power, authority, or rank; paramount or dominant s upreme14. to object to, especially in a formal statement p rotest15. a person, an animal, or a plant whose descent can be traced to a particularindividual or group. d escendant16. a force that tends to oppose or retard motion r esistance17. an enclosure for swine s ty18. the meat of a calf v eal19. a narrow fissure in rock or a break in friendly relations r ift20. something that separates or holds apart b arrier21. to attempt to overthrow the authority of the state or rebel r evolt22. to use wrongly or improperly; misuse a buse23. treatment or consideration based on class or category rather than individualmerit; partiality or prejudice d iscrimination24. physical or mental strength, energy, or force v igor25. to declare free of blame; absolve. j ustifyIII. Put the following words and phrases into the appropriate blanks in the following sentences. (Filling in the grid is optional.)__________________________________________________________________in a flash upbringing be in one’s shoes indulge in come in one’s own bind on the rocks get out of bed on the wrong side confirmation recesses turn up one’s nose at out of snobbery accept concept deceptive exception inception intercept misconception perceptive receptive susceptible1.He said he loved her in the inner most recesses of his heart.2.They indulged in eating and drinking in the party the other evening.3.One's upbringing largely determines success in life.4.In a flash he realized that they were presents from his patients.5.By the time I’ve paid all the bills I owe I shall be on the rocks.6.What’s wrong with him? He is in such a bad temper. He must have got out ofbed on the wrong side.7.I wish my students wouldn’t turn up their noses at doing their schoolwork.8.I wouldn’t be in your shoes for all the wealth in the world.9.We are waiting for confirmation of the news.10.You must bind the gangster to the seat with rope lest he should escape11.He was always trying to get to know members of the nobility out of snobbery.12.it was not until he mid-twentieth century that psychology really came into itsown.13.Because Matt is susceptible to bronchial infections, his mother badgered him toget a flu shot.ura agreed to accept Tom's gift on condition that he allow here to treat himto a movie.15.A perceptive child knows immediately when a parent is distraught or upset.16.Hank has no concept _ of how difficult it is to operate a farm these days.17.The actress was receptive to the director's suggestions for portraying the role ofLady Macbeth.18.The performances in this production of Chekhov's The Cherry Orchard arefirst-rate, with only one exception.19.Macbeth's expression was deceptive, for as he smiled, he plotted KingDuncan's death.20.This antiballistic missile is designed to locate and intercept enemy ballisticmissiles.21.Since its inception eight years ago, the program has been a huge success.22.Alex claims he got a poor grade in English because his teacher doesn't likehim, but that is a misconception on his part.IV. Reading Comprehension:1.The real thesis of this piece of exposition is _______A.Pub talk and the King’s EnglishB.Conversation is the most sociable of all human activities.C.Bar conversation has a charm of its own.D.The King’s English2.This piece of exposition is _____ in style.A. formalB. informalC. sarcasticD. serious3.One of the reasons for him to like bar conversation is that ______.A.He was a sociable person and enjoyed talking with others.B.He was brought up in the English pubs.C.He was deeply involved in bar-goer s’ lives.D.He was a frequenter of the English pubs.4.“The King’s English ” came into being in ______A. 16th centuryB. 17th centuryC. 15th centuryD. 18th century5.The worst conversationalist is the person who ______A.is not making a point.B.is prepared to looseC.is trying to talk sense.D.slips and slides in conversationV. Determine whether the following statements are true or false. Put a “T”, if the statement is true and put a “F”, if false.1.The Norman lords turned up their noses at rabbit, because the rabbit was notchanged into lapin. (F)2. A good conversation has no focus at all. (F)3.The rulers of the Angevins and the Plantagenets spoke French. (T)4.The author agrees to what Auden said that all a writer needs is a pen, plenty ofpaper and “the best dictionaries he can afford.”(F)5.Even the most educated and the most literate people do not use the King’sEnglish all the time in conversation. (T)6.The author is in favour of bilingual education. (T)7.There exists in the working people, different from the Saxon peasants, a spiritof opposition to the cultural authority of the ruling class. (F)8.Looking up the dictionary in the middle of a conversation will settle theargument in the conversation, which will make the conversation goes freely.(F)9.People who ruin the conversation by talking sense are just like chimpanzees,who are not able to have conversation. (T)10.The language of Dr. Caius should be more vigorous, direct and straightforward.(F)VI. Comment on the rhetorical devices of the following sentences:1.Otherwise one will bind the conversation, one will not let it flow freely hereand there.metaphor2.Other people may celebrate the lofty conversations in which the great mindsare supposed to have indulged in the great salons of 18th Century Paris,...metonymy3.I have an unending love affair with dictionaries…metaphor4..., the King's English slips and slides in conversation.alliteration/metaphor5.Is the phrase in Shakespeare?metonymy6.... and no one has any idea where it will go as it meanders or leaps andsparkles or just glows. mixed metaphor7.The Elizabethans blew on it as on a dandelion clock, and its seeds multiplied,and floated to the ends of the earth. extended simile8.One would not have been engaged by interest in the musketeer who raised thesubject, wondering more about her. metonymy9.They are like the musketeers of Dumas who, ……the recesses of theirthoughts and feelings. simile/ allustion10.Who was right, who was wrong, did not matter. The conversation was onwings. metaphorVII. Translation:1.给我1000元钱，我也不愿处于你的地位。

2023春期国开河南电大本科《国学经典选读》形考任务(作业练习3)试题及答案

国开河南电大本科《国学经典选读》形考任务
作业练习3试题及答案
1.庄子认为，读书一定要多读，无需选择。

A.正确
B.错误
[答案]B
2.开凿门窗修建房屋，有了门窗和四壁内的空间，才有房屋容纳和通气的作用——这是老子说的“无”的作用。

A.正确
B.错误
[答案]A
3.“国学”一词，出自《礼记》，该词的原义指的是中国的学问。

A.正确
B.错误
[答案]B
4.祖国医学崇尚“治未病”的思想原则。

A.正确
B.错误
[答案]A
5.职业观也应包含“以仁为本”。

A.正确
B.错误
[答案]A
6.“君子不器”中的“不器”是指不定型的人才，就是要成为通才，而不是专才。

A.正确
B.错误
[答案]A
7.“上善若水”是一种智慧。

尽量去做别人不愿做而有利于自己的事情。

A.正确
B.错误
[答案]B
8.孔子说君子三畏，对我们的启示是：人要无所畏惧，勇往直前。

1。

C++练习题及答案 3

C++练习题（一）1.C++的合法注释是（）。

A．/*This is a C program/* B．// This is a C programC．“This is a C program” D．//This is a C program//2.下面标识符中正确的是（）。

A．_abc B．3ab C． int D．+ab3.分析下列该程序，输入数据格式为：2,5（回车），指出其中的三个错误。

main(){ int sum=0;int a,b;cout<<"input a,b:";cin>>a>>b;sum=a+b;cout<<sum<<endl;}(1)没有使用编译预处理命令：#include。

iostream是系统定义的一个头文件（h-head），设置了C++的I/O环境。

cin、cout为基本输入、输出设备，定义在iostream.h头文件中。

(2)没有 main()函数的返回类型，系统提示警告。

一般main函数返回整型(3)输入数据时没有使用空格分隔。

输入运算符“>>”要求输入的多个数据用空格分隔。

4.下列标识符中，（）是合法的。

A．goto B．Student C． 123 D．kld5.C++语言中语句的结束符是（）。

A．， B．； C．。

D．、6.给出下列程序的运行结果。

#include <iostream>using namespace std;int main(){int a(2),b(3),c(4);cout<<"c1="<<c<<endl;c=a+b;cout<<"c2="<<c<<endl;}7.已知a=4，b=6，c=8，d=9，则“（a++，b>a++&&c>d）？++d：a<b”值为（）。