2018年大学英语四级考试预测卷(附答案解析)
2018年大学英语四级真题答案及解析
2018年6月大学英语四级真题（第3套)Part I Writing （30 minutes）Directions:For this part, you are allowed 30minutes to write a short essay on the importanceof speaki ng ability and how to develop it. You should write at least 120 words but no more than180 words.________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ Part II Listening Comprehension (25 minutes)说明：由于2018年6月四级考试全国共考了两套听力, 本套真题听力与前两套内容相同, 只是选项顺序不同, 因此在本套真题中不再重复出现。
Part Ⅲ Reading Comprehension (40 minutes)Section ADirections: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.Neon (霓虹) is to Hong Kong as red phone booths are to London and fog is to San Francisco. When night falls, red and blue and other colors 26 a hazy (雾蒙蒙的) glow over a city lit up by tens of thousands of neon signs. But many of them are going dark, 27 by more practical, but less romantic, LEDs (发光二极管).Changing building codes, evolving tastes, and the high cost of maintaining those wonderful old signs have businesses embracing LEDs, which are energy 28 , but still carry great cost. "To me, neon represents memories of the past," says photographer Sharon Blance, whose series Hong Kong Neon celebrates the city's famous signs. "Looking at the signs now I get a feeling of amazement, mixed with sadness."Building a neon sign is an art practiced by 29 trained on the job to mold glass tubes into 30 shapes and letters. They fill these tubes with gases that glow when 31 . Neon makes orange, while other gases make yellow or blue. It takes many hours to craft a single sign.Blance spent a week in Hong Kong and 32 more than 60 signs; 22 of them appear in the series that capture the signs lighting up lonely streets—an 33 that makes it easy to admire their colors and craftsmanship. "I love the beautiful, handcrafted, old-fashioned 34 of neon," says Blance. The signs do nothing more than 35 a restaurant, theater, or other business, but do so in the most striking way possible.A)alternative B) approach C) cast D) challenging E) decorativeF)efficient G) electrified H) identify I) photographed J) professionalsK) quality L) replaced M) stimulate N) symbolizes O) volunteersSection BDirections: I n this section, you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it. Each statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs. Identify the paragraph from which the information is derived. You may choose a paragraph more than once.Each paragraph is marked with a letter. Answer the questions by marking the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2.New Jersey School District Eases Pressure on Students—Baring an Ethnic DivideA) This fall, David Aderhold, the chief of a high-achieving school district near Princeton, New Jersey, sent parents an alarming 16-page letter. The school district, he said, was facing a crisis. Its students were overburdened and stressed out, having to cope with too much work and too many demands. In the previous school year, 120 middle and high school students were recommended for mental health assessments and 40 were hospitalized. And on a survey administered by the district, students wrote things like, "I hate going to school," and "Coming out of 12 years in this district, I have learned one thing: that a grade, a percentage or even a point is to be valued over anything else."B) With his letter, Aderhold inserted West Windsor-Plainsboro Regional School District into a national discussion about the intense focus on achievement at elite schools, and whether it has gone too far. At follow-up meetings, he urged parents to join him in advocating a "whole child" approach to schooling that respects "social-emotional development" and "deep and meaningful learning" over academics alone. The alternative, he suggested, was to face the prospect of becoming another Palo Alto, California, where outsize stress on teenage students is believed to have contributed to a number of suicides in the last six years.C) But instead of bringing families together, Aderhold's letter revealed a divide in the district, which has 9,700 students, and one that broke down roughly along racial lines. On one side are white parents like Catherine Foley, a former president of the Parent-Teacher-Student Association at her daughter'smiddle school, who has come to see the district's increasingly pressured atmosphere as opposed to learning. "My son was in fourth grade and told me, 'I'm not going to amount to anything because I have nothing to put on my resume,'" she said. On the other side are parents like Mike Jia, one of the thousands of Asian-American professionals who have moved to the district in the past decade, who said Aderhold's reforms would amount to a "dumbing down" of his children's education. "What is happening here reflects a national anti-intellectual trend that will not prepare our children for the future," Jia said.D) About 10 minutes from Princeton and an hour and a half from New York City, West Windsor and Plainsboro have become popular bedroom communities for technology entrepreneurs, researchers and engineers, drawn in large part by the public schools. From the last three graduating classes, 16 seniors were admitted to MIT. It produces Science Olympiad winners, classically trained musicians and students with perfect SAT scores.E) The district has become increasingly popular with immigrant families from China, India and Korea. This year, 65 percent of its students are Asian-American, compared with 44 percent in 2007. Many of them are the first in their families born in the United States. They have had a growing influence on the district. Asian-American parents are enthusiastic supporters of the competitive instrumental music program. They have been huge supporters of the district's advanced mathematics program, which once began in the fourth grade but will now start in the sixth. The change to the program, in which 90 percent of the participating students are Asian-American, is one of Aderhold's reforms.F) Asian-American students have been eager participants in a state program that permits them to take summer classes off campus for high school credit, allowing them to maximize the number of honors and Advanced Placement classes they can take, another practice that Aderhold is limiting this school year. With many Asian-American children attending supplementary instructional programs, there is a perception among some white families that the elementary school curriculum is being sped up to accommodate them.G) Both Asian-American and white families say the tension between the two groups has grown steadily over the past few years, as the number of Asian families has risen. But the division has become more obvious in recent months as Aderhold has made changes, including no-homework nights, an end to high school midterms and finals, and an initiative that made it easier to participate in the music program.H) Jennifer Lee, professor of sociology at the University of California, Irvine, and an author of the Asian American Achievement Paradox, says misunderstanding between first-generationAsian-American parents and those who have been in this country longer are common. What white middle-class parents do not always understand, she said, is how much pressure recent immigrants feelto boost their children into the middle class. "They don't have the same chances to get their children internships (实习职位) or jobs at law firms," Lee said. "So what they believe is that their children must excel and beat their white peers in academic settings so they have the same chances to excel later. "I) The issue of the stresses felt by students in elite school districts has gained attention in recent years as schools in places like Newton, Massachusetts, and Palo Alto have reported a number of suicides. West Windsor-Plainsboro has not had a teenage suicide in recent years, but Aderhold, who has worked in the district for seven years and been chief for the last three years, said he had seen troubling signs. In a recent art assignments, a middle school student depicted (描绘) an overburdened child who was being scolded for earning an A, rather than an A+ , on a math exam. In the image, the mother scolds the student with the words, "Shame on you!" Further, he said, the New Jersey Education Department has flagged at least two pieces of writing on state English language assessments in which students expressed suicidal thoughts.J) The survey commissioned by the district found that 68 percent of high school honor and Advanced Placement students reported feeling stressed about school "always or most of the time." "We need to bring back some balance," Aderhold said. "You don't want to wait until it's too late to do something. "K) Not all public opinion has fallen along racial lines. Karen Sue, the Chinese-American mother of a fifth-grader and an eighth-grader, believes the competition within the district has gotten out of control. Sue, who was born in the United States to immigrant parents, wants her peers to dial it back. "It's become an arms race, an educational arms race," she said. "We all want our kids to achieve and be successful. The question is, at what cost"36. Aderhold is limiting the extra classes that students are allowed to take off campus.37. White and Asian-American parents responded differently to Aderhold's appeal.38. Suicidal thoughts have appeared in some students' writings.39. Aderhold's reform of the advanced mathematics program will affect Asian-American students most.40. Aderhold appealed for parents' support in promoting an all-round development of children, instead of focusing only on their academic performance.41. One Chinese-American parent thinks the competition in the district has gone too far.42. Immigrant parents believe that academic excellence will allow their children equal chances to succeed in the future.43. Many businessmen and professionals have moved to West Windsor and Plainsboro because of the public schools there.44. A number of students in Aderhold's school district were found to have stress-induced mental health problems.45. The tension between Asian-American and white families has increased in recent years.Section CDirections: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.Passage OneQuestions 46 and 50 are based on the following passage.For thousands of years, people have known that the best way to understand a concept is to explain it to someone else. "While we teach, we learn," said Roman philosopher Seneca. Now scientists are bringing this ancient wisdom up-to-date. They're documenting why teaching is such a fruitful way to learn, and designing innovative ways for young people to engage in instruction.Researchers have found that students who sign up to tutor others work harder to understand the material, recall it more accurately and apply it more effectively. Student teachers score higher on tests than pupils who're learning only for their own sake. But how can children, still learning themselves, teach others" One answer: They can tutor younger kids. Some studies have found that first-born children are more intelligent than their later-born siblings (兄弟姐妹). This suggests their higher IQs result from the time they spend teaching their siblings. Now educators are experimenting with ways to apply this model to academic subjects. They engage college undergraduates to teach computer science to high school students, who in turn instruct middle school students on the topic.But the most cutting-edge tool under development is the "teachable agent"—a computerized character who learns, tries, makes mistakes and asks questions just like a real-world pupil. Computer scientists have created an animated (动画的) figure called Betty's Brain, who has been "taught" about environmental science by hundreds of middle school students. Student teachers are motivated to help Betty master certain materials. While preparing to teach, they organize their knowledge and improve their own understanding. And as they explain the information to it, they identify problems in their own thinking.Feedback from the teachable agents further enhances the tutors' learning. The agents' questions compel student tutors to think and explain the materials in different ways, and watching the agent solve problems allows them to see their knowledge put into action.Above all, it's the emotions one experiences in teaching that facilitate learning. Student tutors feel upset when their teachable agents fail, but happy when these virtual pupils succeed as they derive pride and satisfaction from someone else's accomplishment.46. What are researchers rediscovering through their studies"A) Seneca's thinking is still applicable today.B) Better learners will become better teachers.C) Human intelligence tends to grow with age.D) Philosophical thinking improves instruction.47. What do we learn about Betty's Brain"A) It is a character in a popular animation.B) It is a teaching tool under development.C) It is a cutting-edge app in digital games.D) It is a tutor for computer science students.48. How does teaching others benefit student tutors"A) It makes them aware of what they are strong at.B) It motivates them to try novel ways of teaching.C) It helps them learn their academic subjects better.D) It enables them to better understand their teachers.49. What do students do to teach their teachable agents"A) They motivate them to think independently.B) They ask them to design their own questions.C) They encourage them to give prompt feedback.D) They use various ways to explain the materials.50. What is the key factor that eases student tutors' learning"A) Their sense of responsibility.B) Their emotional involvement.C) The learning strategy acquired.D) The teaching experience gained.Passage TwoQuestions 51 to 55 are based on the following passage.A new batch of young women—members of the so-called Millennial (千禧的) generation—has been entering the workforce for the past decade. At the starting line of their careers, they are better educated than their mothers and grandmothers had been—or than their young male counterparts are now. But when they look ahead, they see roadblocks to their success. They believe that women are paid less than men for doing the same job. They think it's easier for men to get top executive jobs than it is for them. And they assume that if and when they have children, it will be even harder for them to advance in their careers.While the public sees greater workplace equality between men and women now than it did 20-30 years ago, most believe more change is needed. Among Millennial women, 75% say this country needs to continue making changes to achieve gender equality in the workplace, compared with 57% of Millennial men. Even so, relatively few young women (15%) say they have been discriminated against at work because of their gender.As Millennial women come of age they share many of the same views and values about work as their male counterparts. They want jobs that provide security and flexibility, and they place relatively little importance on high pay. At the same time, however, young working women are less likely than men to aim at top management jobs: 34% say they're not interested in becoming a boss or top manager; only 24% of young men say the same. The gender gap on this question is even wider among working adults in their 30s and 40s, when many women face the trade-offs that go with work and motherhood.These findings are based on a new Pew Research Center survey of 2,002 adults, including 810 Millennials (ages 18-32), conducted Oct. 7-27, 2013. The survey finds that, in spite of the dramatic gains women have made in educational attainment and labor force participation in recent decades, young women view this as a man's world—just as middle-aged and older women do.51. What do we learn from the first paragraph about Millennial women starting their careers"A) They can get ahead only by striving harder.B) They expect to succeed just like Millennial men.C) They are generally quite optimistic about their future.D) They are better educated than their male counterparts.52. How do most Millennial women feel about their treatment in the workplace"A) They are the target of discrimination.B) They find it satisfactory on the whole.C) They think it needs further improving.D) They find their complaints ignored.53. What do Millennial women value most when coming of age"A) A sense of accomplishment.B) Job stability and flexibility.C) Rewards and promotions.D) Joy derived from work.54. What are women in their 30s and 40s concerned about"A) The welfare of their children.B) The narrowing of the gender gap.C) The fulfillment of their dreams in life.D) The balance between work and family.55. What conclusion can be drawn about Millennial women from the 2013 survey"A) They still view this world as one dominated by males.B) They account for half the workforce in the job market.C) They see the world differently from older generations.D) They do better in work than their male counterparts.Part IV Translation (30 minutes)Directions:For this part, you are allowed 30minutes to translate a passage from Chinesein toEnglish. You should write your answer onAnswer Sheet 2.近年来，中国有越来越多的城市开始建设地铁。
20186月英语四级参考答案解析[全三套]
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2018年6月英语四级参考答案（全三套）四级听力Section AQ1: Who did Addison raise money for?答案：B) Her little brother.Q2: How did Addison raise money?答案：C) By selling lemonade and pictures.Q3: What was France's purpose of constructing the Wattway?答案：C) Providing clean energy to five million people.Q4: What is special about the solar panels used in the Wattway? 答案：B) They can be laid right on top of existing highways.Q5: What has made it difficult to survey lions in remote parts in Sudan and Ethiopia?A) Endless fighting in the region.Q6: What was the main purpose of the research?答案：D) To find evidence of the existence of the "lost lions".Q7: What did the researchers find in the National Park?答案：B) Lions' tracks.Section BConversation1.Q8. What is the woman looking forward to?答案：A) Her 'lucky birthday'.Q9. What did the woman's parents do on her sister's lucky birthday? 答案：A) throw her a surprise partyQ10. What is the woman eager to find out about?答案：B) The trip her husband has planned.Q11. What does the man say at the end of the conversation?答案： C) He is eager to learn how the couple's holiday turns out. Conversation2Q12: What does the man say about good negotiators?答案：A) They are sensitive to the dynamics of a negotiation.Q13: What does the man say may be the most important thing to a successful negotiator?答案：B) They know when to stop.Q14: How is a good negotiator different from a poor one?答案： C) They learn quickly.Q15: What is the first stage of negotiation according to the man? 答案：D) Get to know the other side.Section CPassage1Q16: What do some people want to know about space exploration?答案： D) How space research benefits people on Earth.Q17: What did scientists do for the space shuttle missions?答案：B) They developed objects for astronauts to use in outer space. Q18: What does the speaker say about Quartz crystal clocks and watches?答案：A) They are extremely accurate.Passage2Q19: Why does the speaker say she would like to go back and live in the 18th century America?答案：C) It marked the beginning of something new.Q20: What does the speaker say about the Puritans?答案 A) They believed working for goals.21.What would the speaker like doing if she could go back to the past? 答案：D) Doing needlework by the fire.Passage322. What does the speaker advise you to do first if you are lost in the woods?答案：C) Sit down and try to calm yourself23. What will happen if you follow an unknown stream in the woods? 答案: B)You may expose yourself to unexpected dangers.24. What do many experts think is the wisest thing to do if you are lost in the woods?答案：D)Walk uphill.25. What should you do before you go into the woods?答案：A) Inform somebody of your plan.四级写作1.说话能力的重要性范文：The picture illustrates the importance of speaking ability. Nowadays, people usually pay more attention to their speaking ability, believing that better speaking means better communication. There is some truth in this statement, the ability to speak well is an important factor for successful communication.For my perspectives, effective communication should be carefully planned. Firstly, speak slowly and briefly so as to make others understand completely. Secondly, we need to express ourselves in all sincerity and with warmth. Thirdly, we should focus on what other says and appreciate his opinions. Meanwhile, we also need to give positive feedback by nodding or smiling while listening.In conclusion, learning to speak well seems like making a great building. We can tell that people with strong ability in speaking enjoy more opportunities to promote and express oneself, and people who lack of such capability would fail to achieve that.2.写作能力的重要性范文：The picture illustrates the importance of writing ability. When observing the world from a personal perspective, it is deducible that the ability of writing is playing an important role and hence becomes a great concern of society. However, how we can develop this ability is the problem that literally everyone needs to face.The first approach to develop our writing is to read more widely. This is because the enlargement of our knowledge pool can enrich our understanding at those fields. The second useful method of improving our writing is by learning from others’ writing techniques and then practicing them by ourselves. Last but not least, it can be beneficial for us to communicate with classmates who write well. This communication can be reached by exchanging essays. Ask one of them for his or her suggestions in order to capture your mistakes and shortcomings.In a word, society should focus on educating people with their writing ability as long as the attention has been drawn. Only in this way can our world continue to prosper in the future.3.阅读能力的重要性范文： As is described in the picture, the teacher istelling her student that it is through reading thatpeople install new software,namely newknowledge, into their brains. I approve of suchstatement because reading is of greatsignificance in our life.First and foremost, reading is the basic way inwhich we acquire knowledge of the world.Although we can obtain new information throughvarious means, for example, watching TV, westill gain most knowledge directly or indirectly bymeans of reading. Secondly, books are thestepping stones to human progress. Being therecord of human experience, books open a worldof knowledge and wisdom for us. Throughreading we can grasp abundant knowledge andstep forward. In addition, reading is also animportant way of recreation. From reading wecan get pleasure and relaxation. When we areengrossed in reading, we enter a world of ourownleaving all the troubles behindTo sum up, reading is a necessity for our life.Young people should focus more on reading, nomatter when or where.阅读理解第一套选词填空26. E) constructed27. O) undertaken28. F) consulted29. M) range30. N) scale31. I) eventually32 K) necessarily33 L) production34. A) cheaper35 J) height段落匹配36—K37—D38—M39—G40—B41—L42—H43—F44—J45—C传统阅读第一篇46.A. Seneca's thinking is still applicable today解析：问题：What are researchers rediscovering through their studies?问题题干中的“researchers”和“today”是解题的关键，对应到文中第一段的“Now scientists are bringing this ancient wisdom up-to-date”。
20186月英语四级考试真题试题附答案解析[(完整版)第2套]
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Part I Writing (30minutes)Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30minutes to write a short essay o n the importanceof writing ability and how to develop it. You should write at l east 120 words but no more than180 words.______________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ __________Part II Listening Comprehension (25minutes)Section ADirections: In this section, you will hear threenews reports. At the end of each news report, youwill hear two or three questions. Both the news report and t he questions will be spoken onlyonce. After you hear a question, you must ch oose the best answer from the four choicesmarked A), B), C) and D). Then m ark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with asingle line through the centre.Questions 1 and 2 are based on the news report you have just heard.1. A) Annoyed.B) Scared.C) Confused.D) Offended.2. A) It crawled over the woman's hands.B) It wound up on the steering wheel.C) It was killed by the police on the spot.D) It was covered with large scales.Questions 3 and 4 are based on the news report you have just heard.3. A) A study of the fast-food service.B) Fast food customer satisfaction.C) McDonald's new business strategies.D) Competition in the fast-food industry.4. A) Customers' higher demands.B) The inefficiency of employees.C) Increased variety of products.D) The rising number of customers.Questions 5 to 7 are based on the news report you have just heard.5. A) International treaties regarding space travel programs.B) Legal issues involved in commercial space exploration.C) U.S. government's approval of private space missions.D) Competition among public and private space companies.6. A) Deliver scientific equipment to the moon.B) Approve a new mission to travel into outer space.C) Work with federal agencies on space programs.D) Launch a manned spacecraft to Mars.7. A) It is significant.B) It is promising.C) It is unpredictable.D) It is unprofitable.Section BDirections: In this section, you will hear two long conversations. At the end of each conversation, you will hear four questions. Both the conversation and the questions will bespoken only once. After you hear a question, you must c hoose the best answer from the fourchoices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1with a single line through th e centre.Questions 8 to 11 are based on the conversation you have just heard.8. A) Visiting her family in Thailand.B) Showing friends around Phuket.C) Swimming around a Thai island.D) Lying in the sun on a Thai beach.9. A) She visited a Thai orphanage.B) She met a Thai girl's parents.C) She learned some Thai words.D) She sunbathed on a Thai beach.10. A) His class will start in a minute.B) He has got an incoming phone call.C) Someone is knocking at his door.D) His phone is running out of power.11. A) He is interested in Thai artworks.B) He is going to open a souvenir shop.C) He collects things from different countries.D) He wants to know more about Thai culture.Questions 12 to 15 are based on the conversation you have just heard.12. A) Buying some fitness equipment for the new gym.B) Opening a gym and becoming personal trainers.C) Signing up for a weight-loss course.D) Trying out a new gym in town.13. A) Professional personal training.B) Free exercise for the first week.C) A discount for a half-year membership.D) Additional benefits for young couples.14. A) The safety of weight-lifting.B) The high membership fee.C) The renewal of his membership.D) The operation of fitness equipment.15. A) She wants her invitation renewed.B) She used to do 200 sit-ups every day.C) She knows the basics of weight-lifting.D) She used to be the gym's personal trainer.Section CDirections: In this section, you will hear three passages. At the end of each p assage, you willhear three or four questions. Both the passage and the questi ons will be spoken only once.After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A),B), C) and D). Then mark the c orresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single linethrough the centre.Questions 16 to 18 are based on the passage you have just heard.16. A) They tend to be nervous during interviews.B) They often apply for a number of positions.C) They worry about the results of their applications.D) They search extensively for employers' information.17. A) Get better organized.B) Edit their references.C) Find better-paid jobs.D) Analyze the searching process.18. A) Provide their data in detail.B) Personalize each application.C) Make use of better search engines.D) Apply for more promising positions.Questions 19 to 21 are based on the passage you have just heard.19. A) If kids did not like school, real learning would not take place.B) If not forced to go to school, kids would be out in the streets.C) If schools stayed the way they are, parents were sure to protest.D) If teaching failed to improve, kids would stay away from school.20. A) Allow them to play interesting games in class.B) Try to stir up their interest in lab experiments.C) Let them stay home and learn from their parents.D) Design activities they now enjoy doing on holidays.21. A) Allow kids to learn at their own pace.B) Encourage kids to learn from each other.C) Organize kids into various interest groups.D) Take kids out of school to learn at first hand.Questions 22 to 25 are based on the passage you have just heard.22. A) It is especially popular in Florida and Alaska.B) It is a major social activity among the young.C) It is seen almost anywhere and on any occasion.D) It is even more expressive than the written word.23. A) It is located in a big city in Iowa.B) It is really marvelous to look at.C) It offers free dance classes to seniors.D) It offers people a chance to socialize.24. A) Their state of mind improved.B) They became better dancers.C) They enjoyed better health.D) Their relationship strengthened.25. A) It is fun.B) It is life.C) It is exhausting.D) It is rhythmical.Part Ⅲ Reading Comprehension (40minutes)Section ADirections: In this section, there is a passage withten blanks. You are require d to select one word foreach blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read thepassage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. Please mark the cor responding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with asingle line through t he centre. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.Since the 1940s, southern California has had a reputation for smog. Things are not as bad asthey once were but, according to the American Lung Associa tion, Los Angeles is still the worstcity in the United States for levels of 26 . Ga zing down on the city from the Getty Center, anart museum in the Santa Moni ca Mountains, one would find the view of the Pacific Oceanblurred by the haze (霾). Nor is the state's bad air 27 to its south. Fresno, in the centralvalley, co mes top of the list in America for year-round pollution. Residents' hearts and lungsare affected as a 28 . All of which, combined with California's reputati on as the home oftechnological 29 , makes the place ideal for developing and testing systems designed tomonitor pollution in 30 . And that is just what A clima, a new firm in San Francisco, has beendoing over the past few months. It has been trying out monitoring stations that are 31 to yield minute-to-minu te maps of 32 air pollution. Such stations will also be able to keep aneye on what is happening inside buildings, including offices.To this end, Aclima has been 33 with Google's Street View system. Davida He rzl, Aclima'sboss, says they have revealed pollution highs on days when San Francisco's transit workerswent on strike and the city's 34 were forced to us e their cars. Conversely,"cycle to work"days have done their job by 35 pollution lows.A) assisted B) collaborating C) consequence D) consumers E) creating F) det ail G)domestic H) frequently I) inhabitants J) innovation K) intended L) ou tdoor M) pollutantsN) restricted O) sumSection BDirections: In this section, you are going to read a passage with ten statemen ts attached toit. Each statement contains information given in one of the par agraphs. Identify theparagraph from which the information is derived. You ma y choose a paragraph more thanonce. Each paragraph is marked with a letter. Answer the questions by marking thecorresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2.As Tourists Crowd Out Locals, Venice Faces 'Endangered' ListA) On a recent fall morning, a large crowd blocked the steps at one of Venice' s main touristsites, the Rialto Bridge. The Rialto Bridge is one of the four brid ges spanning the Grand Canal.It is the oldest bridge across the canal, and w as the dividing line between the districts of SanMarco and San Polo. But on thi s day, there was a twist: it was filled with Venetians, nottourists.B)"People are cheering and holding their carts in the air," says Giovanni Giorgio, who helped organize the march with a grass-roots organization called Gener azione '90. The carts herefers to are small shopping carts—the symbol of a tr ue Venetian. "It started as a joke," hesays with a laugh."The idea was to put blades on the wheels! You know? Like Ben Hur.Precisely like that, you just go around and run people down."C) Venice is one of the hottest tourist destinations in the world. But that's a p roblem. Up to90,000 tourists crowd its streets and canals every day—far outn umbering the 55,000permanent residents. The tourist increase is one key re ason the city's population is downfrom 175,000 in the 1950s. The outnumb ered Venetians have been steadily fleeing. Andthose who stick around are tir ed of living in a place where they can't even get to the marketwithout swimmi ng through a sea of picture-snapping tourists. Imagine, navigating through50, 000 people while on the way to school or to work.D) Laura Chigi, a grandmother at the march, says the local and national gove rnments havefailed to do anything about the crowds for decades, because the y're only interested in tourism—the primary industry in Venice, worth more t han $3 billion in 2015. "Venice is a cash cow,"she says,"and everyone wants a piece."E) Just beyond St. Mark's Square, a cruise ship passes, one of hundreds ever y year thatappear over their medieval (中世纪的) surroundings. Their massive wake creates waves atthe bottom of the sea , weakening the foundations of the centuries-old buildings themselves. "Every time I see a cruise ship, I feel sad," Chigi says."You see the mud it drags; the destruction it leaves in its wake? That hurts t he ancient wooden poles holding up the cityunderwater. One day we'll see Ve nice break down."F) For a time, UNESCO, the cultural wing of the United Nations, seemed to ag ree. Two yearsago, it put Italy on notice, saying the government was not protecting Venice. UNESCOconsiders the entire city a World Heritage Site, a great honor that means Venice, at thecultural level, belongs to all of the world's pe ople. In 2014, UNESCO gave Italy two years tomanage Venice's flourishing to urism or the city would be placed on another list—WorldHeritage In Danger, j oining such sites as Aleppo and Palmyra, destroyed by the war in Syria.G) Venice's deadline passed with barely a murmur (嘟哝) this summer, just as UNESCO wasmeeting in Istanbul. Only one represen tative, Jad Tabet from Lebanon, tried to raise the issue."For several years, the situation of heritage in Venice has been worsening, an d it hasnow reached a dramatic situation," Tabet told UNESCO."We have to act quickly—there isnot a moment to waste."H) But UNESCO didn't even hold a vote."It's been postponed until 2017," says Anna Somers,the founder and CEO of T he Art Newspaper and the former head of Venice in Peril, a group devoted to restoring Venetian art. She says the main reason the U.N. cultural organizatio ndidn't vote to declare Venice a World Heritage Site In Danger is because UN ESCO hasbecome "intensely politicized. There would have been some back-ro om negotiations."I) Italy boasts more UNESCO World Heritage Sites than any other country in t he world,granting it considerable power and influence within the organizatio n. The former head of theUNESCO World Heritage Centre, which oversees her itage sites, is Francesco Bandarin, aVenetian who now serves as UNESCO's as sistant director-general for culture.J) Earlier this year, Italy signed an accord with UNESCO to establish a task fo rce of police artdetectives and archaeologists (考古学家) to protect cultural heritage from natural disastersand terror groups, suc h as ISIS. The accord underlined Italy's global reputation as a goodstewar d of art and culture.K) But adding Venice to the UNESCO endangered list—which is dominated by sites indeveloping and conflict-ridden countries—would be an international e mbarrassment, andcould even hurt Italy's profitable tourism industry. The Italian Culture Ministry says it is unaware of any government efforts to press ure UNESCO. As for the organization itself, it declined a request for an inter view.L) The city's current mayor, Luigi Brugnaro, has ridiculed UNESCO and told it to mind its ownbusiness, while continuing to support the cruise ship industry, which employs 5,000 Veniceresidents.M) As for Venetians, they're beyond frustrated and hoping for a solution soo n."It's a nightmare for me. Some situations are really difficult with tourists aro und," says Giorgio ashe navigates around a swelling crowd at the Rialto Bridg e."There are just so many of them.They never know where they are going, and do not walk in an orderly manner. Navigatingthe streets can be exhausting."N) Then it hits him: This crowd isn't made up of tourists. They're Venetians. G iorgio says he'snever experienced the Rialto Bridge this way in all his 22 yea rs."For once, we are the oneswho are blocking the traffic," he says delightedly. "It feels unreal. It feels like we're someform of endangered species. It's just nice. The feeling is just pure." But, he worries, iftourism isn't managed and hi s fellow locals continue to move to the mainland, his generationmight be the l ast who can call themselves native Venetians.36. The passing cruise ships will undermine the foundations of the ancient b uildings inVenice.37. The Italian government has just reached an agreement with UNESCO to t ake measures to protect its cultural heritage.38. The heritage situation in Venice has been deteriorating in the past few ye ars.39. The decrease in the number of permanent residents in Venice is mainly due to theincrease of tourists.40. If tourism gets out of control, native Venetians may desert the city altog ether one day.41. UNESCO urged the Italian government to undertake its responsibility to p rotect Venice.42. The participants in the Venetian march used shopping carts to show they were 100% localresidents.43. Ignoring UNESCO's warning, the mayor of Venice maintains his support of the city'stourism industry.44. One woman says that for decades the Italian government and local author ities have onlyfocused on the revenues from tourism.45. UNESCO has not yet decided to put Venice on the list of World Heritage Si tes In Danger.Section CDirections: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by s ome questionsor unfinished statements. For each of them there are four cho ices marked A), B), C) andD). You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet2 with a single line through the cen tre.Passage OneQuestions 46 and 50 are based on the following passage.Living in an urban area with green spaces has a long-lasting positive impac t on people's mental well-being, a study has suggested. UK researchers found moving to a green spacehad a sustained positive effect, unlike pay rises or promotions, which only provided a short-term boost. Co-author Mathew White, from the University of Exeter, UK, explained that thestudy showed people li ving in greener urban areas were displaying fewer signs of depression or an xiety. "There could be a number of reasons," he said,"for example,people do many things to make themselves happier: they strive for promotion or pay rises,or they get married. But the trouble with those t hings is that within six months to a year,people are back to their original bas eline levels of well-being. So, these things are notsustainable; they don't mak e us happy in the long term. We found that for some lottery (彩票) winners who had won more than ￡500,000 the positive effect was definit ely there, butafter six months to a year, they were back to the baseline." Dr. White said his team wanted to see whether living in greener urban areas had a lasting positive effect on people's sense of well-being or whether the ef fect also disappeared after aperiod of time. To do this, the team used data fro m the British Household Panel Surveycompiled by the University of Essex. Explaining what the data revealed, he said:"What you see is that even after three years,mental health is still better, whi ch is unlike many other things that we think will make ushappy." He observed that people living in green spaces were less stressed, and less stressedpeopl e made more sensible decisions and communicated better.With a growing body of evidence establishing a link between urban green sp aces and apositive impact on human well-being, Dr. White said,"There's growing interest among publicpolicy officials, but the trouble is who f unds it. What we really need at a policy level is todecide where the money wi ll come from to help support good quality local green spaces."46. According to one study, what do green spaces do to people?A) Improve their work efficiency.B) Add to their sustained happiness.C) Help them build a positive attitude towards life.D) Lessen their concerns about material well-being.47. What does Dr. White say people usually do to make themselves happier?A) Earn more money.B) Settle in an urban area.C) Gain fame and popularity.D) Live in a green environment.48. What does Dr. White try to find out about living in a greener urban area?A) How it affects different people.B) How strong its positive effect is.C) How long its positive effect lasts.D) How it benefits people physically.49. What did Dr. White's research reveal about people living in a green envir onment?A) Their stress was more apparent than real.B) Their decisions required less deliberation.C) Their memories were greatly strengthened.D) Their communication with others improved.50. According to Dr. White, what should the government do to build more gre en spaces incities?A) Find financial support.B) Improve urban planning.C) Involve local residents in the effort.D) Raise public awareness of the issue.Passage TwoQuestions 51 to 55 are based on the following passage.You probably know about the Titanic, but it was actually just one of three stat e-of-the-art (先进的) ocean ships back in the day. The Olympic class ships were built by the Har land &Wolff ship makers in Northern Ireland for the White Star Line com pany. The Olympic classincluded the Olympic, the Britannic and the Titanic. W hat you may not know is that the Titanicwasn't even the flagship of this class. All in all, the Olympic class ships were marvels of seaengineering, but they s eemed cursed to suffer disastrous fates.The Olympic launched first in 1910, followed by the Titanic in 1911, and lastly the Britannic in1914. The ships had nine decks, and White Star Line decided to focus on making them themost luxurious ships on the water.Stretching 269.13 meters, the Olympic class ships were wonders of naval tec hnology, andeveryone thought that they would continue to be so for quite so me time. However, allsuffered terrible accidents on the open seas. The Olymp ic got wrecked before the Titanic did,but it was the only one to survive and maintain a successful career of 24 years. The Titanicwas the first to sink after famously hitting a huge iceberg in 1912. Following this disaster,the Britanni c hit a naval mine in 1916 and subsequently sank as well.Each ship was coal-powered by several boilers constantly kept running by ex hausted crewsbelow deck. Most recognizable of the ship designs are the shi p's smoke stacks, but thefourth stack was actually just artistic in nature and served no functional purpose. While twoof these ships sank, they were all de signed with double hulls (船体) believed to make them"unsinkable", perhaps a mistaken idea that led to t he Titanic's and the Britannic's tragic end.The Olympic suffered two crashes with other ships and went on to serve as a hospital ship andtroop transport in World War I. Eventually, she was taken o ut of service in 1935, ending theera of the luxurious Olympic class ocean lin ers.51. What does the passage say about the three Olympic class ships?A) They performed marvellously on the sea.B) They could all break the ice in their way.C) They all experienced terrible misfortunes.D) They were models of modern engineering.52. What did White Star Line have in mind when it purchased the three ships?A) Their capacity of sailing across all waters.B) The utmost comfort passengers could enjoy.C) Their ability to survive disasters of any kind.D) The long voyages they were able to undertake.53. What is said about the fourth stack of the ships?A) It was a mere piece of decoration.B) It was the work of a famous artist.C) It was designed to let out extra smoke.D) It was easily identifiable from afar.54. What might have led to the tragic end of the Titanic and the Britannic?A) Their unscientific designs.B) Their captains' misjudgment.C) The assumption that they were built with the latest technology.D) The belief that they could never sink with a double-layer body.55. What happened to the ship Olympic in the end?A) She was used to carry troops.B) She was sunk in World War I.C) She was converted into a hospital ship.D) She was retired after her naval service.Part IV Translation (30minutes)Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30minutes to translate a passage fr om Chineseinto English. You should write your answer onAnswer Sheet 2.公交车曾是中国人出行的主要交通工具。
2018年6月大学英语四级真题试卷(一)(题后含答案及解析)
2018年6月大学英语四级真题试卷（一）(题后含答案及解析)题型有：1. Writing 2. Listening Comprehension 3. Reading Comprehension 4. TranslationPart I Writing1．For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay on the importance of reading ability and how to develop it. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.正确答案：How to Develop English Reading Ability?Reading is an important part of our lives, for it is the major source of acquiring knowledge. Faced with different kinds of tests, college students should give top priority to reading in English learning. The importance of English reading ability is self-evident. First of all, it is the basis for other abilities such as writing and speaking. Reading English materials can help internalize language and cultivate our own language sense. As we read, we encounter many words, phrases and grammatical forms. Having learned these, we may be able to greatly improve writing ability in turn. Second, it can increase our interest in learning English and broaden our horizons. How can we develop English reading ability? For one thing, we should start with some simple, interesting English stories, and then move on to some challenging ones like the English magazines or novels. For another, we should try to memorize some English materials and well-written sentences, especially the words and grammars used in them. By doing this, we can grasp the rules and collocations in English and enhance our language sense. In conclusion, strong reading ability is really effective and will definitely bring benefits to English comprehensive learning.解析：这是一篇议论文写作。
2018年12月英语四级真题答案解析(第1套)
2018年12月英语四级真题答案解析（第1套）来源：文都教育Part I Writing【创业——参考范文】The Challenges of Starting a Career after GraduationFacing the rising employment pressure, a host of college graduates choose to start a career instead of looking for a regular job in a company. As we all know that, starting a career is beneficial to realize one’s own dreams and value. However, it is also widely acknowledged that stating a career will be inevitably confronted with numerous challenges.When it comes to the challenges that we may meet in the process of starting a career, the main ones can be listed as follows. First of all, as freshmen who have just entered into the society, it is obvious that college graduates lack related experience, which will increase the rate of failure they may encounter during starting a career. Being short of entrepreneurial experience is one of difficulties that college graduates need to overcome. In addition, the collection of money is another problem they should solve urgently. Otherwise, there is no possibility of starting a career.Although starting a career after graduation has so many challenges to be solved, college graduates still need take a positive attitude towards it. Moreover, prudent consideration and entrepreneurial spirit are also necessary for graduates to start a career.Part II Listening Comprehension【四级听力参考答案】1.C) Set up a mobile phone network on the moon.2.A) It is stable.3.B) No injuries were yet reported.4.B) Pull down the deserted shopping mall.5.A) Shrinking potato farming.6.C) It is afraid of the spread of disease.7.A) Global warming.8.C) Dull.9.D) she take notes.10.A) It keeps her mind active.11.B) It helps her better remember what she learns.12.A) To spend her honeymoon.13.A) In memory of a princess.14.D) It has walls decorated with jewels.15.B) They are mostly crowded.16.C) They provide residents with the resources needed.17.B) By inspiring their creativity.18.D) Their number increased modestly.19.C) It is an unusual cross breed.20.A) They are as loyal as doges.21.C) They shower with them.22.D) Excited but somewhat sad.23.A) It starts the moment they are born.24.D) Set a good example for them to follow.25.B) Their home life.Part III Reading comprehensionSection A26.F) damage27.B) associated28.M) sources29.D) constant30.G) described31.E) control32.H) equals33.K) regularly34.I) exclusively35.O) vehiclesSection B36.[D] Nadeau says sugar and...37.[B] Scott is delighted to get...38.[G] In Southern California...39. [A] Several times a month, you can...40. [I] Many people don’t know how to cook...41. [F] In the big picture, says Dr. Richard...42. [C] Nadeau notices the pre-made...43. [J] Studies have explored evidence that...44. [E] Nadeau is part of a small revolution...45. [G] In Southern California...Section CPassage one46.B) By drawing water from the depths of the earth。
[四级必备]20186月英语四级考试真题和考试答案解析
![[四级必备]20186月英语四级考试真题和考试答案解析](https://img.taocdn.com/s3/m/55d70134581b6bd97f19ea7e.png)
WORD 资料 .可编辑2018 年 6 月英语四级考试真题及考试答案（卷二）【写作】【题干】Directions:For thi s part , you are allowe d 30 minutes to write a short essay on the importance of writing ability and how to develop it . 120-180words.【答案】Writingis a skill tested in all major standardize d educationa l tests , includin g CET-4/6, TOEFL, IELTS, and so on. But there has been no shortage o f report s from different sources that a large proportion of students, especially college students , have ill-performed writin g skills , earning relatively low scores in tests as well as on school assignments.In my opinion, writing is a crucial skill for students. It is a reliable way by which one impart knowledge , suggest plans , fight for one ’ s idea, refut e a theory, and many other purposes. So if you are good at writing, then you are able t o fulfill the tasks above mentioned more effectively. Besides , noted writes, be they novelists ,poets or editors-in-chief enlighten every generation o f readers wit h newexperiences.That ’ s why readers todaystilldiscuss on and share their opinions on great books such as A Dream in Red Mansions.In a nutshell, few skills are more important than writing in the curren t society.So my suggest would be that every one, college students particular, takes time to hone writing skills, get more practice in it, so that we can live up to the social expectation of becoming socialist successors.【解析】第一段提出问题，第二段描述事实，第三段得出结论或给出建议。
2018年6月英语四级真题答案解析(卷二)
writing is highly recommended for the reason that one of the most common communicative 表达能力的
manifestations of bad writing is the overuse or reuse of simple language.
总而言之，成为一个好的作者需要知识储备和勤加练习，但是只要我们付出足够的努力，并且遵循科学的方法， 最终我们都会写出让自己和别人都感到惊艳的作品。
Part II Listening Comprehension
Section A News Report One
Kelly Swisher, an Arkansas woman, escaped injury and managed to safely stop her car after a 4-foot-long rat snake came out from under her car seat and slid across her feet as she was driving down the highway. Rat snakes aren’t poisonous or a threat to people generally. (1)But the woman says the snake she encountered Thursday terrified her out of her wits. (2) “It was rough, with big scales，” said Swisher, who was on her way to pick up her friend at the airport when it happened. “I don’t know whether I had my hands on the steering wheel or not. I am not the most flexible person in the world, but I can guarantee my knees were up next to my ears.” She said the snake first slid back under the seat, and she hoped it would stay there until she was able to get off the high way and stop. “That didn’t work out,” she said. “Here he comes, and he wound up in my back seat before I could finally get off the road, stop and get out of the car.” She called for help. And Washington
2018年6月大学英语四级考试真题3套参考答案
2018年6月大学英语四级考试真题（第1套）参考答案Part I WritingIt cannot be denied that reading plays a key role in people’s growth and development in any era. The 21th century is a time of knowledge explosion and reading ability becomes increasingly important.How to develop reading ability? Based on this concrete and meaningful question, some steps should be taken. First and foremost, the main growth in your reading skill and ability will come from reading as much as you can do. Try to make a book list that you take interest in and make a practical plan. Just as the proverb goes that, “Don’t bite off more than one can chew.” Furthermore, a mastery of some reading skills is not only significant, but also indispensable. Some books are fit to do extensive reading while some others are suitable to do intensive reading. Meanwhile, other reading skills like skipping and skimming are also necessary.To conclude, reading is to humans’ spiritual world what water is to fish. Only through persistent reading can we enjoy the improvement of reading ability and learning ability.听力原文：News Report 1Kelly escaped to managed to save her car after the four-mile road came out of the driving down the high way .Rattlesnakes are poisonous and threat to the people generally. But the woman say the rattlesnake terrified her on her ways . It has big nails on th e way to pick up her friend. I don’t know when my hands on my steer or not. But I can guarantee myself. She said the snake the was first under the seat until she could get out of the high way. Here he comes, the snake tries to find its road and get out of the car. Kelly called for help and, Washington control animal office would capture the snake.Q1:How did Kelly feel when she first came across the Rattlesnake?答案：-She was terrified.Q2:What does the report say about the Rattlesnake?答案：-It is poisonous and threatening.News report 2:(3)Fast food turns out isn’t quite as fast as it used to be. A new study finds that MacDonald posts its slowest drives through times since this survey was first inducted fifty years ago. As MacDonald’s, customers were spent on average three minutes and nine seconds from the time they placed their orders until they were receive their food. About ten seconds more, they began to straight average and lots slower than the decade ago, according to the study, which was commissioned by QSR, an industry trade publication, and MacDonald wasn’t alone in slowing down. Other changes also saw their drive through performance slowing down. (4)Among the reasons for the slower surveys, today there aremore choices on the menu, and products themselves are more complex and take longer to prepare. Speed, of course, is essential to the drive through experience, and drive through are hugely important to choose such as MacDonald, Burger King, and Tucle Bell. Usually, the drive through accounts for sixty to seventy percent of all business that goes through a fast food restaurant, notes Song Ochers, editor of QSR. Of course, consumers also want their orders to prepare correctly and on that score, Ochers says accuracy is still really high.3.What is news report mainly about?答案：-The Fast food turns out isn’t quite as fast as it used to be.4.What has slow down MacDonald drive through service?答案：- More choices on the menu, products are more complex and take longer to prepare.News Report 3The first private mission outside of the earth orbit is closed to many of our think. U.S. government officials outset to approve a mission by privately held space company-Moon Express to travel outside of the earth orbit in late 2017. Moon express’s mission involves plans to land a suitcase-size package of scientific equipment on the moon for on-going exploration on commercial development. The decision involved amounts of lobbying and coordinative conversations between a number of factual agencies. On the international treaties, US is responsible for the cargo of both public and private space craft .This makes commercial space travel a complex legal issue not just domestically but abroad. A Moon Express representative declined to comment on the story. But noted that the company is very optimistic about its proposal. Moon express is not the only company seeking for the right to travel to out space. Elon Musk’s space X aims to send an manned aircraft to Mars by 20185. What is the news report mainly about?答案：The first private mission6. What is the Moon Express planning to do?答案：To land a suitcase size package of scientific equipment on the moon for exploration.7. what does Moon Express think of its mission?Part IV TranslationIn recent years, more cities in China have begun to build subways in a bid to reduce traffic congestion and air pollution. A growing number of people choose subway as the main means of transportation to work or school every day to enjoy its advantages of safety, speed and comfort.Nowadays, taking the subway is becoming increasingly convenient in China, for passengers in some cities simply use their cards or mobile phones to take the subway and many local elderly citizens can also take it for free.2018年6月大学英语四级考试真题（第2套）参考答案Part I WritingWhen it comes to learning a language, whether it be the mother tongue or a foreign one, the importance of four language abilities cannot be overemphasized, which include listening ability, speaking ability, reading ability and writing ability. Especially, the capability of writing has gained great attention during the process of leaning a language.A person in possession with good writing ability will have benefits on various fronts listed below. For one thing, excellent wiring ability is beneficial to people’s logical think and analytic ability. This is due to the fact that in order to create a good layout of an essay, we have to collect and arrange a sea of writing materials systematically, during which logicality is gradually cultivated. For another, excellent ability of writing makes good contribution to strengthening the usage of words and enlarging our vocabulary. The more you write, the larger vocabulary you will have.Effective and efficient measures should be taken to develop our wiring ability. As the process of output, good writing ability are in need of rich accumulation and therefore we should increase our awareness of spending more time on reading, increasing our language expression ability and accumulating materials as much as possible.Part IV TranslationIn the past, traveling by plane was unimaginable for most Chinese people. With the economic development and the improved living standards, more Chinese people, including many farmersand migrant workers, afford to travel by air. They can fly to all major cities, and many cities are also planning to build airports. Aviation services are constantly improving and special fares are often available. In recent years, there have been increasing numbers of people choosing to travel by air during holidays.2018年6月大学英语四级考试真题（第3套）参考答案Part I WritingThe booming development of economy and society has made it both possible and necessary for us to speak to a large number of people even in just one day. Therefore, speaking ability is becoming increasingly crucial in our daily life.In my eyes, two aspects can be explored to illustrate the above-mentioned point. For one thing, excellent speaking ability is beneficial for leaving a good impression on others, which will contribute to building a harmonious relationship in our general routine of everyday living. For another, this ability proves to be the first step to establish oneself in the fiercely competitive workplace, especially in the service industry. Those who boast outstanding speaking skills tend to win customers’ trust and thus obtain better work performance. On the contrary, those who are poor at speaking are inclined to do less well in dealing with customers.In light of what has been argued so far, speaking ability does matter a lot in our work and daily life. Therefore, schools are supposed to organize more relevant competitions and activities or even open some related courses to cultivate their students’ speaking ability.Part II Listening Comprehension注意：听力一共两套题，故第三套答案略Part IV TranslationBuses used to be the main means of transportation for Chinese people. In recent years, due to the continuous increase in the number of private cars, the traffic problems in cities have become more serious. Many cities have been trying to improve the service quality of buses in order to encourage more people to travel by bus. The facilities of the vehicles are constantly updated and the speed significantly improved, but the bus fare still remains quite low. Now, in most cities, many local elderly citizens can take buses for free.。
2018年6月英语四级真题答案及解析(卷一)
2018 年6 月大学英语四级考试真题答案与详解（第1 套）Part I Writing审题思路：这个话题贴近学生学习，比较容易入手。
通过审题可知，文章需要着重从两个方面展开，分别为阅读能力的重要性以及如何提高阅读能力。
其中，如何提高阅读能力应该分层次重点阐述。
另外，文章结尾需要总结全文，进一步强调方法的重要性。
全文翻译：阅读能力的重要性以及如何提高阅读能力作为获取原始材料最常使用的方式，阅读一直被认为是语言学习中最重要的部分之一。
它能够促进词汇的拓展、语法的提高以及社会和文化意识的积累。
这也正好解释了为什么应该高度重视阅读技能。
为了提高你的阅读能力，以下有几点建议。
首先，在开始阅读之前先快速浏览材料。
不管你的阅读目的是什么，用几分钟来整体把握文章的结构和呈现方式。
其次，当遇到不认识的词汇时先不要急于查词典。
相反，试着根据语境猜测词义。
最后同样重要的是，写一些句子来总结你读过的内容，因为这也是检验你是否完全读懂的一个方法。
总之，阅读有很大益处，可以帮助你更快、更全面地学习语言。
每一个语言学习者都可以按照上面提到的方法来提高自己的阅读技能。
Part II Listening ComprehensionSection ANews Report One（1）A message in a bottle sent out to sea by a New Hampshire man more than five decades ago was found 1,500 miles away and has been returned to his daughter. The long-lost message was discovered by Clint Buffington of Utah while he was vacationing. Buffington says he found a soda bottle half buried in the sand that “looked like it had been there since the beginning of time.”The note inside the bottle said, “Return to 419 Ocean Street and receive a reward of $150 from Richard and Tina Pierce, owners of the Beachcomber Motel.”The motel was owned by the parents of Paula Pierce in 1960. Her father had written the notes as a joke and had thrownit into the Atlantic Ocean. Buffington flew to New Hampshire to deliver that message to Pola Pierce. (2)She held up to her father’s promise, giving Buffington that reward. But the biggest reward is the message in a bottle finding its way back home.Questions 1 and 2 are based on the news report you have just heard.未听先知：预览两道题个选项，由return、bottled message 和history 等词可以初步判断，该新闻与归还漂流瓶里的便条有关。
2018年6月大学英语四级考试真题及答案详解
Part I Writing (30 minutes)Directions: For this part，you are allowed 30 minutes to writea short essay on the importance of writing ability and howto develop it. You should write at least 120 words but nomore than180 words.【参考范文】No body could deny that writing is one of the basic abilities for men. Put it another way, it is unlikely to imagine human civilization without writing ability.At the top of the list, if we overlook the significance of writing ability, we will suffer a great difficulty in our daily written communication. In addition to what has been mentioned above, it is advisable for us to attach importance to this ability because writing plays a key in our academic performance. To summarize,writing does carry a positive implication for our life and study.In view of the great value of writing ability, we should take actions to develop this capability. For my part, initially, we are supposed to keep in mind that reading is the first step of writing, so we should read great books as many as possible, learning from the great works how to write concisely and effectively. Moreover, owing to the fact that practicemakes perfect, we should frequently practice writing; for example, we may develop the habit of keeping a diary.PartⅡListening Comprehension ( 25 minutes)Section ADirections:In this section, you will hear three news reports. Atthe end of each news report, you will hear two or threequestions. Both the news report and then questions will bespoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choosethe best answer from the four choices marked A），B), C) andD).Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet1with a single line through the centre.Questions l and 2 are based on the news report you have just heard. Questions 3 and 4 are based on the news report you have just heard. Questions 5 to 7 are based on the news report you have just heard.Section BDirections: In this section, you will hear two longconversations. At the end of each conversation, you will hearfour questions. Both the conversation and the questions willbe spoken only once. After you hear a question, you mustchoose the best answer from the four choices marked A），B），C)and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on AnswerSheet 1 with a single line through the centre.Questions 8 to 11 are based on the conversation you have just heard.Questions 12 to 15 are based on the conversation you have just heard.Section CDirections:In this section, you will hear three passages. At theend of each passage, you will hear three or four questions.Both the passage and the questions will be spoken onlyonce. After you hear a question, you must choose the bestanswer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D）．Thenmark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a singleline through the centre.Questions 16 to 18 are based on the passage you have just heard.Questions 19 to 21 are based on the passage you have just heard. Questions 22 to 25 are based on the passage you have just heard.【参考答案】暂缺Part ⅢReading Comprehension ( 40 minutes) Section ADirections: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks.You are required to select one word for each blank from a listof choices given in a word bank following the passage. Readthe passage through carefully before making your choices.Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. Please markthe corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 witha single line through the centre. You may not use any of thewords in the bank more than once．Questions 26 to 35 are based on the following passage.Since the 1940s, southern California has had a reputation for smog. Things are not as bad as they once were but, according to the American Lung Association, Los Angeles is still the worst city in the United States for levels of 26 . Gazing down on the city from the Getty Center, an art museum in the Santa Monica Mountains, one would find the view of thePacific Ocean blurred by the haze (霾). Nor is the state’s had air 27 to its south. Fresno, in the central valley, comes top of the list in America for year-round pollution. Residents’hearts and lungs are affected asa 28 .All of which, combined with California’s reputation as the home oftechnological 29 , makes the place ideal for developing and testing systems designed to monitor pollution in 30 . And that is just what Aclima, a new firm in San Francisco, has been doing over the past few months. It has been trying out monitoring that are 31 to yieldminute-to-minute maps of 32 air pollution. Such stations will also be able to keep an eye on what is happening inside buildings, including offices.To this end, Aclima has been 33 with Google’s Street View system.Davida Herzl, Aclima’s boss, says they have revealed pollution highs on days when San Francisco’s transit workers went on strike and the city’s 34 were forced to use their cars. Conversely, “cycle to work”days have done their job by 35 pollution lows.A.assistedB.collaboratingC.consequenceD.consumersE.creatingF.detailG.domesticH.frequentlyI.inhabitantsJ.innovationK.intendedL.outdoorM.pollutantsN.restrictedO.Sum【参考答案】.M pollutants . .N restricted .. C consequence . .J innovation .. F detail ..K intended ..L outdoor .33. B collaborating .34. I inhabitants .35. E creating.26. M pollutants . 解析：of前边是levels级别，等级的意思，of后应该是名词形式，翻译为_____的级别，根据文章首句说南加利福尼亚的雾霾是出了名的差可判断这篇文章关于坏境。
2018年6月份大学生英语四级真题试卷及详细答案(三套全)
2018年6月大学生英语四级真题试卷及详细答案(三套全)目录2018年6月大学生英语四级真题试题一(完整版) (1)快速对答案 (15)2018年6月大学生英语四级真题试卷一详细答案(精讲版) (15)2018年6月大学生英语四级真题试卷二(完整版) (59)快速对答案 (74)2018年6月大学生英语四级真题试卷二详细答案(精讲版) (74)2018年6月大学生英语四级真题试卷三(完整版) (119)快速对答案 (129)2018年6月大学生英语四级真题试卷三详细答案(精讲版) (129)2018年6月大学生英语四级真题试题一(完整版)Part I Writing (30 minutes) (请于正式开考后半小时内完成该部分，之后将进行听力考试)Directions:For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write an a short easy on the importance of speaking ability and how to develop it.You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.Part II Listening Comprehension (25 minutes) Section ADirections:In this section, you will hear three news reports. At the end of each news report, you will hear two or three questions. Both the news report and questions will be spoken only once. After you hear questions, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.注意：此部分试题请在答题卡1上作答。
2018年四级模拟考试答案
2018年四级模拟考试试卷答案Part Ⅰ Writing(选自2015年12月四级真题第3套的作文）（本题共15分）这是一篇四级考试中常见的议论文.话题围绕“Never go out there to see what happens，go out there to make things happen.”这句话展开，要求考生进行评论，同时在题目要求中也明确给出了作文主题the importance of being participants rather than mere onlookers in life.考生应该明确这一主题，并围绕其展开论述.一、点明主题：不做看客，要做实践者(being participants instead of onlookers in life)二、分析原因三、提出问题和建议主题词汇put…into practice将……付诸实践carry out执行；实现gain获得accumulate积累gradually逐渐地make a progress取得进步theory理论action行动would rather…than比起……更情愿……stand by袖手旁观句式拓展1.For some people, watching what happens to others is good enough to learn a lesson, while for others, only practicing by themselves can finally make them get the real skills in对一些人而言，看发生在别人身上的事情足以让他们吸取教训，而对于其他人而言，他们只有亲身实践才能最终得到生活中的真正技能.2.No matter how many authentic theories you've got before,nothing will happen until you put them into practice.无论你曾经接受了多少权威的理论，若不付诸实践，一切都无济于事.Part II Listening Comprehension （本题共35分）（选自2015年新四级听力题型样卷）Section A（每小题1分，共7分）:News1:1-2: BC News 2:3-4 AD News 3:5-7: DACSection B（每小题1分，共8分）:Conversation 1 :8-11: D B BCConversation 2:12-15 :ABCDSection C（每小题2分，共20分）:Passage 1: 16-18: ABDPassage2: 19-21 DCBPassage 3: 22-25: BADCPart III Reading Comprehension (本题共35分）（选自2015年12月四级真题第1套）Section A （每小题0.5分，共5分）26-30:J G O K B 31-35 I F M H ASection B（每小题1分，共10分）36-40 G D A F K 41-45 H C I B JSection C （每小题2分，共20分）46 -50 : CA DBA 51-55 : A BCDBPart Ⅳ Translation （选自2016年6月英语四级翻译真题）（本题共15分）Wuzhen, an ancient water town of Zhejiang province, is located near the Beijing-Hangzhou Grand Canal. It is a charming place. Many ancient bridges, Chinese style hotels and restaurants dwell there. In the past one thousand years, the water system and the way of life there haven't changed much, so it is a museum of ancient civilizations. All rooms in Wuzhen are made of stone and wood. Over hundreds of years, the locals have built houses and markets along the riverbank. Numerous spacious and pretty courtyards hide in those houses, serving as surprises and waiting to be found by the tourists.难点注释：1．翻译第一句时，“位于……”还可以译为be located near/on/in …／stand nearby…等；2．翻译第二句时，“有”，表存在，可用不及物动词dwell来表达，或者there lie/be/ stand…3．翻译第三句时，“生活没有变化”与“博物馆”是因果关系，故翻译时添加连词so, therefore, hence……4．第四句分为主语为“当地人”，故翻译时可用“locals”,5．最后一句中，“有惊喜的发现和等待被发现”译为serve as surprises and waiting to be found….用了非谓语东西表伴随的作用。
2018年全国普通高等学校招生全国统一考试押题卷(四)英语试题附答案
2018年全国普通高等学校招生全国统一考试押题卷（四）英语试题本试题卷共8页，全卷满分150分，考试用时120分钟。
第I卷（选择题，共100分）第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。
录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。
每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。
听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。
每段对话仅读一遍。
例：How much is the shirt?A. £19.15.B. £9.18.C. £9.15.1. Where is the woman’s new house?A. Nearby a market.B. Nearby the airport.C. Nearby a plane factory2. How does the woman keep in touch with her husband?A. By letter.B. By e-mail.C. By telephone.3. What is the relationship between the two speakers?A. Policeman and citizen,B. Native and stranger.C. Husband and wife.4. What do you learn about the man?A. He’s very sick.B. He’s very forgetfulC. He’s always worried.5. When will the train arrive?A. At 4：45.B. At 4：30.C. At 5：10.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。
英语四级2018年真题解析六套全
参考答案PartⅠ㊀Writing(30minutes) Nowadays there is a growing awareness that reading ability is of utmost importance.For example, reading proficiency is strongly correlated with academic success:students with strong reading ability are more likely to get high scores in the college entrance examination.Having recognized the importance of reading ability,then what can we do to hone our reading skills? First of all,we should read frequently and extensively.As is known to us all,practice makes perfect. Therefore,the more books we read,the faster our reading skills will improve.What s more,it is highly recommended that we develop a good reading habit.As we read,we d better draw on knowledge by tak-ing notes and exercise our brain by making predictions.Finally,it is advisable to share what we have learnt from reading with our friends who can provide encouragement and inspiration for us.To conclude,since the ability to read well is fundamental to our success at school and beyond,we should take various measures to develop our reading ability.PartⅡ㊀Listening Comprehension(25minutes) 1-5BDACC㊀㊀㊀㊀㊀㊀6-10ABDAD㊀㊀㊀㊀㊀㊀11-15CDCAC16-20BABBD21-25DCDABPartⅢ㊀Reading Comprehension(40minutes) Section A26-30MNCJF31-35KLBIESection B36-40EJGCN41-45FBLDHSection CPassage One46-50ACACDPassage Two51-55BADDBʌ参考译文ɔIn recent years,more and more Chinese cities have begun to construct subways.Developing the sub-way helps reduce urban traffic congestion and air pollution.The subway has the advantages of safety, speed and comfort.A growing number of people choose subway as the main means of transportation to commute to work or go to school every day.Nowadays,it is becoming increasingly convenient to take the subway in China.In some cities,people just need to use metro cards or cellphones to take the sub-way.A large number of local senior citizens can take the subway for free.参考答案PartⅠ㊀Writing(30minutes) It is generally accepted that writing has been an indispensable part of our life for millennia.No one could deny that writing ability plays an extremely important role in almost every aspect of our life.There is no doubt that the ability to write is utterly significant,be it at school or in the workplace.A case in point is that various examinations such as the college entrance examination and the civil service examination assess the written skills of the candidates.Another example is that when sifting through re-sumes,recruiters favor those applicants who demonstrate superior writing capacities in their resumes.So how can we develop our written ability?To begin with,read as much as possible,for there is no way to get versed in writing without lots of valuable input.Secondly,keep a diary and practice writing stly,invite feedback on our writing for improvement and rewrite when necessary.In short, it is of great use to take action to improve our writing ability.PartⅡ㊀Listening Comprehension(25minutes) 1-5ABBCA6-10CDADC11-15BDCAD16-20BACDB21-25ABDCBPartⅢ㊀Reading Comprehension(40minutes) Section A26-30CLFJE31-35GIBKHSection B36-40FCIEB41-45KHDAGSection CPassage One46-50BACDAPassage Two51-55CBADDʌ参考译文ɔIn the past,it was unimaginable for the majority of Chinese to travel by air.Nowadays,with the de-velopment of the economy and the improvement of living standard,an increasing number of Chinese peo-ple,including many farmers and migrant workers,can travel by plane.They are able to fly to all big cit-ies,and many cities are also planning to build airports.Air service is being continuously improved and there are often cheap air tickets.In recent years,the number of people who choose airplanes to travel dur-ing festivals and holidays has been constantly increasing.参考答案PartⅠ㊀Writing(30minutes) There are times when we speak in front of a large audience or a small ually it is during those moments that we are overwhelmingly aware of the importance of speaking ability.There is no denying the fact that people who have considerable ability in speaking have an edge over those who don t.For example,during a job interview,applicants with remarkable speaking ability tend to be more attractive to interviewers and thus stand a better chance of landing the job.Another example is that businessmen who are good at speaking are more likely to succeed in making deals with their clients.To develop our speaking ability,a wide range of measures can be taken.First of all,we should learn to speak with confidence,believing in what we say instead of turning to audience for validation.In addition,it is wise to know your audience and adjust your wording stly,read as much as possible to expand your scope of knowledge and make what you say interesting.PartⅡ㊀Listening Comprehension(25minutes)说明:由于2018年6月大学英语四级考试全国共考了两套听力㊂本套的听力内容与第二套的一样,只是选项次序不一样,因此本套真题中不再重复出现㊂PartⅢ㊀Reading Comprehension(40minutes)Section A26-30EOFCN31-35IKLAJSection B36-40KDMGB41-45LHFJCSection CPassage One46-50ABCDBPassage Two51-55DCBDAʌ参考译文ɔThe bus used to be the main means of transport for Chinese people.In recent years,urban traffic problems have become increasingly serious due to the increasing number of private cars.In order to en-courage more people to travel by bus,many cities have been making efforts to improve the quality of bus service.The facilities of buses are constantly being updated,and the speed has also been increased signif-icantly.However,bus fares are still quite low.Nowadays,in most cities,a large number of local senior citizens can take buses for free.参考答案PartⅠ㊀Writing(30minutes)Nowadays,starting a career after graduation has been under the limelight of the public attention.As a matter of fact,employment situation is not optimistic,which brings about grim situation for graduates. Graduates are confronted with several challenges as follows:First and foremost,lacking work experience is the biggest problem graduates have.Numerous gradu-ates graduate without work experience which plenty of companies demand.Between an employee having abundant work experience and a graduate with zero experience,most companies tend to choose the former in order to reduce the cost.Furthermore,living cost can also be the matter graduates must take into ac-count.Having no job,,they have no income.However,rent,transport fees,and board expenses are the things that cost st but not least,as students newly graduate,they learn much theoretical knowl-edge which they have no idea to put into practice.Although graduates face many challenges,they are supposed to be optimistic and continue to study so that they can stand up to these challenges in the future.PartⅡ㊀Listening Comprehension(25minutes) 1-5CABBD6-10CACDA11-15BAADC16-20CCDBA21-25BDADBPartⅢ㊀Reading Comprehension(40minutes) Section A26-30FBMDG31-35EHKIOSection B36-40DBGAI41-45FCJEGSection CPassage One46-50BBADCPassage Two51-55DBBACʌ参考译文ɔDue to the rapid development of communication network,China s smartphone users are growing at an amazing speed in recent years.This has greatly changed the way many people read.Nowadays,they often read news and articles on their smart phones instead of buying traditional newspapers or magazines. The development of numerous mobile apps has enabled people to read novels and other forms of literary works on their phones.As a result,sales of printing books have been affected negatively.Despite the steady growth in the smartphone reading market,however,more than half of the adults still prefer printing books,according to the survey.参考答案PartⅠ㊀Writing(30minutes) Nowadays,with the development of economy and globalization,there is a growing trend of studying abroad.More and more students consider studying abroad and here are some challenges waiting for them.To begin with,the biggest challenge they encounter is the exotic environment which is totally differ-ent from that of their native country.Having no friend there,they probably feel not easy due to the strange environment and people around them.Besides,one thing they must take into account is the culture shock .Each country has its own cul-ture and customs which can differentiate from those of their motherland.Sometimes,what they understand about a gesture may be wrong in other countries,which maybe give rise to misunderstanding and embar-rassment.At last,due to the fact that it may be the first time for these students to go abroad and study alone, they can be overwhelmed by homesickness.To sum up,students studying abroad can encounter some challenges while challenges always come a-long with opportunities.PartⅡ㊀Listening Comprehension(25minutes) 1-5ACBDD6-10BCDAC11-15ABDCB16-20BABDA21-25CABCDPartⅢ㊀Reading Comprehension(40minutes) Section A26-30IDHCO31-35BJGLESection B36-40FCLEA41-45NMDKHSection CPassage One46-50CDBABPassage Two51-55BADACʌ参考译文ɔIn the past few years,the mobile payment market has flourished in China.With the appearance of mobile internet,shopping on mobile phone has gradually become a trend.Young people aged from18to 30constitute the largest user group in the mobile payment market.As it is extremely easy to pay by mo-bile phone now,many consumers prefer paying by mobile phone to using cash or credit card when shop-ping.To encourage people to consume more,numerous shops offer discounts to customers who use the mobile payment.Experts predict that Chin s mobile payment market will still have great potential of de-velopment in the future.2018年12月大学英语四级考试真题(第3套)参考答案PartⅠ㊀Writing(30minutes) With the development of cities,the number of people who flood into those big cities has increased steadily.Obviously,it will give rise to a wide range of challenges to the new citizens.First of all,people will have to face the high living expenses.For most people in big cities,they have to rent houses to live and the cost of daily necessities may also rise.Second,the fast pace of social life in big cities would be a big challenge.It is common that people are working under great pressure.It would become a terrible experience if they cannot get used to the pace of life in big cities.Finally,there may be other challenges like traffic congestion and poor air condition.Dealing with such issues can be re-ally challenging.Even though there are many challenges,a lot of people still choose to live and work in big cities be-cause they think huge challenges always come along with great opportunities.PartⅡ㊀Listening Comprehension(25minutes)说明:由于2018年12月大学英语四级考试全国共考了两套听力㊂本套的听力内容与第二套的一样,只是选项次序不一样,因此本套真题中不再重复出现㊂PartⅢ㊀Reading Comprehension(40minutes)Section A26-30NBFLC31-35EMKGASection B36-40GMFCE41-45DAHKBSection CPassage One46-50ADCABPassage Two51-55CDACB2018年12月大学英语四级考试真题(第3套)参考答案㊀-1㊀PartⅣ㊀Translation(30minutes)ʌ参考译文ɔMore and more Chinese people really cannot live without mobile phones now.Many of them,inclu-ding elder people,use Apps to keep in touch with each other and broaden their circle of friends.They al-so shop and look up information on mobile phones,because mobile phones are portable.In addition,it s cheaper to communicate by mobile Apps than by traditional phone calls.However,this new trend has led people to rely too much on mobile phones on social occasions.In fact,some young people have be-come so addicted that they neglect face-to-face communication with their family and friends.2018年12月大学英语四级考试真题(第3套)参考答案㊀-2㊀。
2018年12月大学英语四级（CET-4）真题试卷及参考答案第三套
2018年12⽉⼤学英语四级（CET-4）真题试卷及参考答案第三套2018 年 12 ⽉英语四级真题第三套Part I Writing (30minutes) Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay on The challenges of living in a big city. You should write at least120 words butno more than 180 words.Part II Listening Comprehension (25 minutes)说明：由于2018年12⽉四级考试全国共考了2套听⼒，本套真题听⼒与前2套内容完全⼀样，只是顺序不⼀样，因此在本套真题中不再重复出现。
Part Ⅲ Reading Comprehension (40 minutes) Section ADirections: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a wordbank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully beforemaking your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter.Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2with a single line through the centre. You may not use any of the words inthe bank more than once.Questions 26 to 35 are based on the following passage.A few months ago, I was down with a terrible cold which ended in a persistent bad cough. No matter how many different 26 I tried, I still couldn’t get rid of the cough. Not only did it 27 my teaching but also my life as a whole. Then one day after class, a student came up to me and 28 traditional Chinese medicine. From her description, Chinese medicine sounded as if it had magic power that worked wonders.I was 29 because I knew so little about it and have never it before. Eventually, my cough got so much 30 that I couldn’t sleep at night, so I decided to give it a try. The Chinese doctor took my pulse and asked to see my tongue, both of which were new 31 to me because they are both non-existent in Western medicine. Then the doctor gave me a scraping（刮）treatment known as “Gua Sha”.I was a little 32 at first because he used a smooth edged tool to scrape the skin on my neck and shoulders. A few minutes later, the 33 strokes started to produce a relieving effect and my body and mind began to 34 deeper into relaxation. I didn’t feel any improvement in my condition in the first couple of days, but after a few more regular visits to the doctor, my cough started to 35 . Then, within a matter of weeks, it was completely gone!A)DeepenB)ExperiencesC)HesitantD)InconvenienceE)LessenF)licensesG)PressuredH)HrecommendedI)RemediesJ)ScaredK)SensitiveL)SinkM)TemporaryN)TrembleO)worseSection BDirections: In this section, you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it. Each statement contains information given in one of theparagraphs. Identify the paragraph from which the information isderived. You may choose a paragraph more than once. Each paragraphis marked with a letter. Answer the questions by marking thecorresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2.Is it really OK to eat food that's fallen on the floorA)When you drop a piece of food on the floor, is it really OK to eat if you pick it up within five seconds? An urban food myth contends that if food spends just a few seconds on the floor, dirt and germs won’t have much of a chance to contaminate it. Researc h in my lab has focused on how food becomes contaminated, and we’ve done some work on this particular piece of wisdom.B)While the “five-second rule” might not seem like the most pressing issue for food scientists to get to the bottom of, it’s still worth in vestigating food myths like this one because they shape our beliefs about when food is safe to eat.C)So is five seconds on the floor the critical threshold（门槛）that separates a piece of eatable food from a case of food poisoning? It’s a bit more complicated than that. It depends on just how many bacteria can make it from floor to food in a few seconds and just how dirty the floor is.D)Wondering if food is still OK to eat after it’s dropped on the floor is a pretty common experience. And it’s probably not a new one either. A well-known, but inaccurate, story about Julia Child may have contributed to this food myth. Some viewers of her cooking show, The French Chef, insist they saw Child drop lamb onthe floor and pick it up, with the advice that if they were alone in the kitchen, their guests would never know.E)In fact it was a potato pancake, and it fell on the stovetop, not on the floor. Child put it back in the pan, saying, “But you can always pick it up and if you’re alone in the kitchen, who’s going to see it?” But the misremembered story persists. It’s harder to pin down the origins of the oft-quoted five-second rule, but a 2003 study reported that 70% of women and 56% of men surveyed were familiar with the five-second rule and that women were more likely than men to eat food that had dropped on the floor.F)So what does science tell us about what a few moments on the floor means for the safety of your food? The earliest research report on the five-second rule is attributed to Jillian Clarke, a high school student participating in a research project at the University of Illinois. Clarke and her colleagues introduced bacteria to floor tiles（瓷砖）and then placed cookies on the tiles for varying times. They reported bacteria were transferred from the tiles to the cook ies within five seconds, but didn’t report the specific amount of bacteria that made it from the tiles to the food.G)But how many bacteria actually transfer in five seconds? In 2007, my lab at Clemson University published a study in the Journal of Applied Microbiology. We wanted to know if the length of time food is in contact with a contaminated surface affected the rate of transfer of bacteria to the food. To find out, we introduced bacteria to squares of tile, carpet or wood. Five minutes after that, we placed either bacon or bread on the surface for 5,30 or 60 seconds, and then measured the number of bacteria transferred to the food. We repeated this exact procedure after the bacteria had been on the surface for 2,4,8 and 24 hours.H)We found that the number of bacteria transferred to either kind of food didn’t depend much on how long the food was in contact with the contaminated surface—whether for a few seconds or for a whole minute. The overall number of bacteria on the surface mattered more, and this decreased over time after the initial introduction. It looks like what’s at issue is less how long your food stays on the floor and much more how contaminated with bacteria that patch of floor happens to be.I)We also found that the kind of surface made a difference as well. Carpets, for instance, seem to be slightly better places to drop your food than wood or tile. When a carpet was contaminated, less than 1% of the bacteria were transferred. But when the food was in contact with tile or wood, 45-70% of bacteria were.J)Last year, a study from Aston University in the UK used nearly identical parameters（参数）to our study and found similar results. They also reported that 87% of people asked either would eat or had eaten food fallen on the floor.K)Should you eat food fallen on the floor then? From a food safety standpoint, if you have millions or more bacteria on a surface, 0.1% is still enough to make you sick. Also, certain types of bacteria are extremely harmful, and it takes only a smallnumber to make you sick. For example, 10 bacteria or less of an especially deadly strain of bacteria can cause severe illness and death in people with compromised immune systems. But the chance of these bacteria being on most surfaces is very low.L)And it’s not just dropping food on the floor that can lead to bacterial contamination. Bacteria are carried by various “media”, which can include raw food, moist surfaces where bacteria have been left, our hands or skin and from coughing or sneezing（打喷嚏）. Hands, foods and utensils（器⽫）can carry individual bacteria living in communities contained within a protective film. These microscopic layers of deposits containing bacteria are known as biofilms and they are found on most surfaces and objects. Biofilm communities can harbor bacteria longer and are very difficult to clean. Becteria in these communities also have an enhanced resistance to sanitizers（清洁剂）and antibiotics compared to bacteria living on their own.M)So the next time you consider eating fallen food, the odds are in your favor that you can eat it without getting sick. But in the rare chance that there is a micro-organism that there is a micro-organism that can make you sick on the exact spot where the food dropped, you can be fairly sure that the bug is on the food you are about to put in your mouth.N)Research or common sense tells us that the best thing to do is keep your hands, utensils and other surfaces clean.36.A research project found bacteria made their way to the food on the floor in five seconds.37.Whether food is contaminated depends much on the number of bacteria that get onto it.38.Food contamination may result from various factors other than food dropping on the floor.39.Males are less likely than females to eat food that may have been contaminated.40.The author’s research ce nters around how food gets contaminated.41.Keeping everything clean is the best way to stay healthy.42.Chances are you will not fall sick because of eating food picked up from the floor.43.For a long time people have had the experience of deciding whether or not to eat food picked up from the floor.44.Some strains of bacteria are so harmful that a tiny few can have deadly consequences.45.Researchers found how many bacteria got onto the food did not have much to do with how long the food stayed on a contaminated floor.Section CDirections:There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are fourchoices marked A), B), C) and D). You should decide on the best choiceand mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single linethrough the centre.Passage OneQuestions 46 and 50 are based on the following passage.The latest in cat research reveals that the lovely animal seems to have a basic grasp on both the laws of physics and the ins and outs of cause and effect.According to a newly published study, cats seem to be able to predict the location of hiding prey（猎物）using both their ears and an inborn（天⽣的）understanding of how the physical world works.In a recent experiment, Japanese researchers taped 30 domestic cats reacting to a container that a team member shook. Some containers rattled（发出响声）；others did not. When the container was tipped over, sometimes an object fell out and sometimes it didn’t.It turns out that the cats were remarkably smart about what would happen when a container was tipped over. When an object did not drop out of the bottom of a rattling container, they looked at it for a longer time than they did when the container behaved as expected.“Cats us e a causal-logical understanding of noise or sounds to predict the appearance of invisible objects,” lead researcher Saho Takagi says in a press release. The researchers conclude that cats’ hunting style may have developed based on their common-sense abilities to infer where prey is, using their hearing.Scientists have explored this idea with other endearing creatures: babies. Like cats, babies appear to engage in what’s called “preferential looking”—looking longer at things that are interesting or unusual than things they perceive as normal.When babies’ expectations are violated in experiments like the ones performed with the cats, they react much like their animal friends. Psychologists have shown that babies apparently expect their world to comply with the laws of physics and cause and effect as early as two months of age.Does the study mean that cats will soon grasp the ins and outs of cause and effect? Maybe. Okay, so cats may not be the next physics faculty members at America’s most important researc h universities. But by demonstrating their common sense, they’ve shown that the divide between cats and humans may not be that great after all.46. What do we learn from a newly published study about cats?A) They can be trained to understand the physical world.B) They know what kind of prey might be easier to hunt.C) They have a natural ability to locate animals they hunt.D) They are capable of telling which way their prey flees.47. What may account for the cats’ response to the noise from the containe rs?A) Their inborn sensitivity to noise.B) Their unusual sense of direction.C) Their special ability to perceive.D) Their mastery of cause and effect.48.What is characteristic of the way cats hunt, according to the Japanese researchers?A)They depend on their instincts.B)They rely mainly on their hearing.C) They wait some time before attack.D) They use both their ears and eyes.49. In what way do babies behave like cats?A) They focus on what appears odd.B) They view the world as normal.C) They do what they prefer to do.D) They are curious about everything.50. What can we conclude about cats from the passage?A) They have higher intelligence than many other animals.B) They interact with the physical world much like humans.C) They display extraordinarily high intelligence in hunting.D) They can aid physics professors in their research work.Passage TwoQuestions 51 to 55 are based on the following passage.Imagine you enter a car with no steering wheel, no brake or accelerator padals（踏板）. Under a voice-activated command, you say an address. “The fastest route will take us 15.3 minutes. Should I take it?” You say “yes” and you are on your way. The car responds and starts moving all by itself. All you have to do is sit back and relax.How weird would it be if, one day in the future, everyone had such a car? No crazy driving, no insults, no cutting in; traffic laws would be respected and driving much safer. On the other hand, imagine the cost savings for local police enforcement and town budgets without all those speeding and parking tickets.A new technology has the potential to change modern society in radical ways. There’s no question that self-driving vehicles could be an enormous benefit. The potential for safer cars means accident statistics would drop: some 94% of road accidents in the U.S. involve human error. Older drivers and visually-or physically-impaired people would gain a new level of freedom. Maintaining safe speeds and being electric, self-driving cars would drastically reduce pollution levels anddependency on non-renewable fuels. Roads would be quieter, people safer.But we must also consider the impact of the new technology on those who now depend on driving for their livelihoods. According to the U.S. Department of Labor, in May 2015 there were 505,560 registered school bus drivers. The American Trucking Association lists approximately 3.5 million professional truck drivers in the U.S.The companies developing self-driving vehicles should be partnering with state and federal authorities to offer retraining for this massive workforce, many of whom will be displaced by the new technology. This is similar to what’s happening in the coal and oil industries, a situation that fuels much of the current political discontent in this country.New technologies will, and should, be developed. This is how society moves forward. However, progress can’t be one-sided. It is necessary for the companies and state agencies involved to consider the ethical consequences of these potential changes to build a better future for all.51.What would be the impact of the extensive use of driverless cars?A)People would be driving in a more civilized way.B)It would save local governments a lot of money.C)More policemen would be patrolling the streets.D)Traffic regulations would be a thing of the past.52.How would the elderly and the disabled benefit from driverless cars?A)They could enjoy greater mobility.B)They would suffer no road accidents.C)They would have no trouble driving.D)They could go anywhere they want.53.What would be the negative impact of driverless cars?A)The conflict between labor and management would intensify.B)The gap between various sectors of society would be widened.C)Professional drivers would have a hard time adapting to new road conditions.D)Numerous professional drivers would have to find new ways of earning a living.54.What is the result of the introduction of new technologies in energy industries?A)Political dissatisfaction.B)Retraining of employees.C)Fossil fuel conservation.D)Business restructuring.55.What does the author suggest businesses and the government do?A)Keep pace with technological developments.B)Make new technologies affordable to everyone.C)Enable everyone to benefit from new technologies.D)Popularize the use of new technologies and devices.Part Ⅳ Translation (30 minutes) Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to translate a passage from Chinese into English. You should write your answer on Answer Sheet 2.过去⼏年⾥，移动⽀付市场在中国蓬勃发展。
2018年大学英语四级考试预测卷(附答案解析)
2017年12月大学英语四级考试预测卷11[Writing]Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay on Facing Setbacks in a Positive Way by referring to the saying "Life has to have cracks in it so that the sun can shine through." You can cite examples to illustrate your point and then explain how you can develop your ability to face failure "properly. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.参考解析：【范文】As the saying goes, "Life has to have cracks in it so that the sun can shine through." Everyone wishes to have things go their way. Yet the journey through life is not always the case and we should face all the setbacks positively.Twists and turns are part of life and setbacks often occur. No one can avoid these unexpected changes in our daily life. However, failure may be a route toward success. This causes us to reflect on what has happened,face it positively and as a result we build up and accumulate experience. Jack Ma, for instance, one of the most prestigious entrepreneurs in China, experienced many failures in starting his own business before he made Alibaba one of the Chinese Internet giants. In general, it is failure that encourages us to work harder and eventually leads to success.Twists and turns in life are unavoidable and are not always bad. We should have a more optimistic view on life and try to make the most of it, learning from the twists and turns along the way.【译文】如谚语所说：“生命必须有裂缝，阳光才照得进来。
2018年6月英语四级真题答案及解析(卷一)
2018 年6 月大学英语四级考试真题答案与详解（第1 套）Part I Writing审题思路：这个话题贴近学生学习，比较容易入手。
通过审题可知，文章需要着重从两个方面展开，分别为阅读能力的重要性以及如何提高阅读能力。
其中，如何提高阅读能力应该分层次重点阐述。
另外，文章结尾需要总结全文，进一步强调方法的重要性。
全文翻译：阅读能力的重要性以及如何提高阅读能力作为获取原始材料最常使用的方式，阅读一直被认为是语言学习中最重要的部分之一。
它能够促进词汇的拓展、语法的提高以及社会和文化意识的积累。
这也正好解释了为什么应该高度重视阅读技能。
为了提高你的阅读能力，以下有几点建议。
首先，在开始阅读之前先快速浏览材料。
不管你的阅读目的是什么，用几分钟来整体把握文章的结构和呈现方式。
其次，当遇到不认识的词汇时先不要急于查词典。
相反，试着根据语境猜测词义。
最后同样重要的是，写一些句子来总结你读过的内容，因为这也是检验你是否完全读懂的一个方法。
总之，阅读有很大益处，可以帮助你更快、更全面地学习语言。
每一个语言学习者都可以按照上面提到的方法来提高自己的阅读技能。
Part II Listening ComprehensionSection ANews Report One（1）A message in a bottle sent out to sea by a New Hampshire man more than five decades ago was found 1,500 miles away and has been returned to his daughter. The long-lost message was discovered by Clint Buffington of Utah while he was vacationing. Buffington says he found a soda bottle half buried in the sand that “looked like it had been there since the beginning of time.”The note inside the bottle said, “Return to 419 Ocean Street and receive a reward of $150 from Richard and Tina Pierce, owners of the Beachcomber Motel.”The motel was owned by the parents of Paula Pierce in 1960. Her father had written the notes as a joke and had thrownit into the Atlantic Ocean. Buffington flew to New Hampshire to deliver that message to Pola Pierce. (2)She held up to her father’s promise, giving Buffington that reward. But the biggest reward is the message in a bottle finding its way back home.Questions 1 and 2 are based on the news report you have just heard.未听先知：预览两道题个选项，由return、bottled message 和history 等词可以初步判断，该新闻与归还漂流瓶里的便条有关。
2018年6月份大学生英语四级真题试卷及详细答案（三套全）
2018年6月份大学生英语四级真题试卷及详细答案（三套全）2018年6月大学生英语四级真题试卷及详细答案(三套全)目录2018年6月大学生英语四级真题试题一(完整版) (1)快速对答案 (15)2018年6月大学生英语四级真题试卷一详细答案(精讲版) (15)2018年6月大学生英语四级真题试卷二(完整版) (60)快速对答案 (74)2018年6月大学生英语四级真题试卷二详细答案(精讲版) (75)2018年6月大学生英语四级真题试卷三(完整版) (120)快速对答案 (129)2018年6月大学生英语四级真题试卷三详细答案(精讲版) (130) 2018年6月大学生英语四级真题试题一(完整版)Part I Writing (30 minutes)(请于正式开考后半小时内完成该部分，之后将进行听力考试)Directions:For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write an a short easy on the importance of speaking ability and how to develop it.You should write at least120 words but no more than 180 words.Part II Listening Comprehension (25 minutes)Section ADirections:In this section, you will hear three news reports. At the end of each news report, you will hear two or three questions. Both the news report and questions will be spoken only once. After you hear questions, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.注意：此部分试题请在答题卡1上作答。
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2017年12月大学英语四级考试预测卷11[Writing]Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay on Facing Setbacks in a Positive Way by referring to the saying "Life has to have cracks in it so that the sun can shine through." You can cite examples to illustrate your point and then explain how you can develop your ability to face failure "properly. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.参考解析：【范文】As the saying goes, "Life has to have cracks in it so that the sun can shine through." Everyone wishes to have things go their way. Yet the journey through life is not always the case and we should face all the setbacks positively.Twists and turns are part of life and setbacks often occur. No one can avoid these unexpected changes in our daily life. However, failure may be a route toward success. This causes us to reflect on what has happened,face it positively and as a result we build up and accumulate experience. Jack Ma, for instance, one of the most prestigious entrepreneurs in China, experienced many failures in starting his own business before he made Alibaba one of the Chinese Internet giants. In general, it is failure that encourages us to work harder and eventually leads to success.Twists and turns in life are unavoidable and are not always bad. We should have a more optimistic view on life and try to make the most of it, learning from the twists and turns along the way.【译文】如谚语所说：“生命必须有裂缝，阳光才照得进来。
”每个人都希望生活一帆风顺。
但是，人生旅途并非永远如此，我们应该积极面对生活中所有的曲折和坎坷。
挫折与坎坷是生活的一部分，逆境时有发生。
没有人能够避免日常生活中不期而遇的变故。
然而，失败可能是通向成功的道路。
失败会使我们反思所发生的一切并积极面对，因此，我们会从中获取和积累经验。
例如，中国最负盛名的企业家之一马云，他在把阿里巴巴打造成中国互联网巨头之一之前，在创业过程中曾经历过许多次失败。
总的来说，正是失败才使我们加倍努力工作，最后走向成功。
人生中的挫折与坎坷是不可避免的，但它们并非总是坏事。
我们应该用更加乐观的态度对待生活，并努力加以充分利用，从挫折中吸取教训。
【要点用法】crack缝隙，裂缝set hack坎坷，挫折twists and tums挫折unexpected预料之外的route路径，途径reflect on思考，反思accumulate积累prestigious著名的entrepreneur企业家unavoidable不可避免的optimistic积极的，乐观的Make the most of sth．充分利用某事【句法点评】1．As the saying goes…Everyone wishes to have things go theft way．Yet the journey through life is not always the case and we should face all the setbacks positively．用As the saying goes引出题干中的名言，接着展开阐述。
Every one wishes …Yet…先让步，再提出观点，增强表述的说服力。
2．This causes HS to reflect on what has happened，face it positively and as a result we build up and accumulate experience．Reflect on表示“思考”，后面跟what引导的宾语从句。
3．In general．it is failure that encourages US to work harder and eventually leads to success．It is …that…是强调句型，本句中被强调部分是failure。
4．We should have a more optimistic view on life and try to make the most of it，learning from the twists and turns along the way．以we should提出建议，have a more optimistic view on …表示“对……怀有积极的态度”；make the most of sth．“充分利用某事”也是值得积累的用法；learning from…为现在分词短语表伴随。
听力题听录音英语四级考试预测卷1（位置：文件夹下打开即可）回答2-26题2[单选题]A.Terrorists fought with Government troops.B.Thai troops killed terrorists.C.There were shootings.D.There were explosions.参考答案：D参考解析：【听力原文】[ 1 ] The New Year celebration in Thailand was shattered by violence when nine bombs exploded across Bangkok around midnight. Three Thai citizens were killed and more than thirty injured. No terrorist group claimed responsibility for the bombings by Tuesday. Some believe the explosions were the work of Muslim separatists. Bombings and shootings occur almost daily in Thailand's three Southern-most provinces. Yala, Narathiwat and Pattani have a dominant Muslim population and have long complained of neglect and discrimination in the largely Buddhist nation. [ 2 ] They have asked for independence and a separate Islamic State. Since 2004, the insurgents have carried out numerous attacks in the south and more than 1,900 people have been killed. The Thai government has been unable to curb the violence thoughthousands of troops have been sent to the south.'What happened during the New Year celebration in Thailand?【做题提示】四个选项均为事件描述，可知本题以what提问。
听到问题后可以总结回忆所听新闻的内容，结合选项作答。
【解析】新闻开始处即提到9枚炸弹在曼谷各处爆炸，破坏了新年庆典。
之后内容是对此次炸弹袭击的背景介绍，因此此题询问的应该为炸弹爆炸事件，故本题选D。
3[单选题]A.The Muslims wanted independence.B.Thai troops have been sent there.C.About 2,000 people have been killed.D.There have been more bombings since 2004.参考答案：A参考解析：What has led to the violent situation in the south of Thailand? 【做题提示】四个选项均为事件描述，可知本题以what提问。
问题中涉及的what之后的内容应是提问的重点。
【解析】新闻中提到，泰国最南部三省的居民大多信仰伊斯兰教，而泰国是以佛教徒为主的国家，所以他们长期以来认为自己受到了歧视，因而要求成立独立的伊斯兰国家，故选A。
本题考查了新闻中的因果关系．4[单选题]A.Students in South East-Asia have great pressure in study.B.Genetic factors in visual impairment and blindness.C.Students in South East-Asia should spend more time outdoors.D.The reason why students in South East-Asia are short-sighted.参考答案：C参考解析：【听力原文】The strong emphasis on educational achievement in South East-Asia may be coming at a heavy price. [ 4 ]Researchers say that hard work at school plus the lack of exposure to outdoor light is damaging the eyes of almost nine out of ten students--with one in five at serious risk of visual impairment and blindness.The scientists say that young people need up to three hours a day of outdoor light, but many infants are also missing out as they nap during lunch time.The scientists say that genetic factors, long thought to play a big role in shortsightedness, are not as important as the environment. They point to Singapore as a place with several distinct ethnic groups, all of whom are now suffering high levels of shortsightedness.[ 3 ] The authors suggest that requisite time outdoors should be considered by educational authorities across South-East Asia as a way of dealing with the problem.What is the main idea of the news item?【做题提示】四个选项均为事件描述，可知本题以what提问。