香港朗文英语4A Chapter 5复习提要

《朗文英语4A》复习提要
Chapter 5: Animals big and small大大小小的动物
I. 经过第5章的学习，下面的新单词我们要准确无误地读(read them correctly)，知道它们的中文意思(know the Chinese meaning)，不看书进行英汉互译(translate)，并且还要会拼写(spell)。

a horse 一匹马 a camel 一匹骆驼
a giraffe 一头长颈鹿an owl 一只猫头鹰
a peacock 一只孔雀an eagle 一只老鹰
a panda 一只熊猫 a hippo 一只河马(hippos 复数)
an elephant 一头大象 a rabbit 一只兔子
a rat 一只老鼠(大) a mouse 一只老鼠(小) (mice 复数)
*注意mouse 和rat的区别：
在英语中，rat含有贬义，就像国内的过街老鼠，肮脏，是害虫。

Mouse一般不含贬义，外国人看mouse是一种动物，一般指实验室里的小白鼠。

还有一种老鼠是仓鼠(hamster)。

II.句型。

下面的关键句型我们要会读(read), 知道意(know the Chinese meaning), 会根据不同的语境来运用(use them in different contexts)，会写(write them correctly)。

1. The horse, the camel and the giraffe are tall.
The camel is taller than the horse.
The giraffe is the tallest.
2. The owl, the peacock and the eagle are big.
The peacock is bigger than the owl.
The eagle is the biggest.
3. The panda, the hippo and the elephant are heavy.
The hippo is heavier than the panda.
The elephant is the heaviest.
4. The rabbit, the rat and the mouse are small.
The rat is smaller than the rabbit.
The mouse is the smallest.
总结: (1). 比较级结构：A+ be+ adj.er + than+ B. : A比B……
be动词由时态和主语A决定。

(2). 最高级结构：C+ be+ the+ adj.est. :C是最……
be动词由时态和主语C决定。

(3). 可数名词怕孤单。

这些句子中比较的可数名词前面都加了the，表示
特指。

如果不是特指，可数名词前面记得加a/an或者后面加s，例如：
The camel is taller than the horse. (特指)
A camel is taller than a horse. (非特指)
Camel s are taller than hors es. (非特指)
(4). 人名前面不可加the
The Lillian is taller than me. (×)
Lillian is taller than me. (√)
(5). 比较级中的比较对象要一致：
比如my bag不能和me /you/he进行比较
例句：a). My bag is bigger than your bag. (my bag ←对应→your bag)
Or: My bag is bigger than yours. (yours = your bag)
b). His neck is longer than my neck. (his neck←对应→my neck）
Or: His neck is longer than mine. (mine = my neck)
c). His hair is shorter than her hair. (His hair- her hair)
Or: His hair is shorter than hers. (hers = her hair)
在第五章我们重点学习了形容词的比较级和最高级。

下面是一些形容词的变化规则：
III. C部分学完后，你们要达到以下的要求哦。

1) 可以准确而流利地背诵出C部分。

2) 对于书上笔记的单词，短语和句子要会读，知道意思，会拼写。

3) 对于下面的单词和固定搭配以及句子要准确而流利地读出来，而且要能够英
汉互译。

下面，我们就来检查一下吧。

1.sea animals海洋动物
2.meet(met)见面
3.choose选择
4.a new leader一个新的领袖
5.shark鲨鱼
e forward(came forward)往前走来
7.want to be the leader 想成为领袖
8.strong-stronger than-the strongest强壮的-比……更强壮的-最强壮的
9.all of you你们所有的人
10.teeth(牙齿的复数）-tooth（单数）
11.dolphin海豚
12.speak(spoke)说话
13.pretty-prettier than-the prettiest美丽的–比……更美丽的-最美丽的
14.turtle海龟(补充:tortoise陆龟)
15.clever聪明的
16.wise有智慧的，博学的
17.look after = take care of照顾
18.crab螃蟹
19.talk about谈论
20.an eel一条鳗鱼
21.starfish海星
22.the best leader最好的领袖
23.suddenly突然地
e down(came down)下来
25.catch(caught)捉
26.most of the animals大多数动物=most animals
27.afraid害怕的
28.swim this way往这边游
29.together一起
30.break the net撞破渔网
31.shout(shouted)大叫
32.in the same direction往同一个方向
33.free自由的
34.save救
4) 对于下列文中出现的动词过去时和现在时，要求：知意，会读，会拼写，
会根据语境和时态自由转换。

5) 对于下面的一些词组和句型，我们要准确而流利地读出来，能够英汉互译，
还要会运用和拓展。

1. I want to be the leader.我想成为领袖。

I want to be an English teacher. 我想成为一名英语老师。

I want to be strong. 我想变强壮。

I want to be pretty. 我想变美丽。

总结：want to be+形容词、名词
I want to go to the park.
She wants to eat hamburgers.
She wanted to dance last night.
总结：want to +动词原形,表示“想要做某事”。

2. But leaders should be clever and wise too.但是领袖也应该聪明和有智慧啊。

You should be quiet.
You should be strong.
It should be warm here.
Students should be polite and helpful.
总结：should表示“应该”；should be+形容词
You should keep quiet.
You should do your homework right now.
Students should help others.
He should put the litter in the bin.
总结：should+动词原形，表示“应该做某事”。

拓展：如果某个词后面必须跟动词原形，那么当后面要跟名词或者形容词的时候，前面必须要有be，比如：
v. 原形+ be + n./adj.
I will go to the supermarket.
I will be late for school.
He can dance.
He can be a dance.
You can’t be sure.
I choose to stay at home.
I choose to be a teacher.
I choose to be honest.
IV. Part E
1)New words and phrases for Part E.E部分新单词和词组。

要求：对于以下单词
和词组要会读，会英汉互译和拼写。

neck 脖子
mouth 嘴巴
pretty feathers 漂亮的羽毛hairy legs 多毛的腿
tiny 非常小的scary 吓人的，可怕的noisy 吵闹的wolf 狼crocodile 鳄鱼penguin 企鹅parrot 鹦鹉cockroach 蟑螂fly 苍蝇
形容词比较级和最高级：
2) New sentences:
A. the horse, the camel and the giraffe
long neck?
-- The horse has a long neck.
-- Yes, but the camel has a longer neck than the horse.
-- The giraffe has the longest neck.
tall?
-- The horse is tall.
-- Yes, but the camel is taller than the horse.
-- The giraffe is the tallest.
B. t he wolf, the crocodile and the hippo
big mouth?
-- The wolf has a big mouth.
-- Yes, but the crocodile has a bigger mouth than the wolf.
-- The hippo has the biggest mouth.
scary?
-- The hippo is scary.
-- Yes, but the wolf is scarier than the hippo.
-- The crocodile is the scariest.
C. the penguin, the parrot and the peacock
pretty feathers?
-- The penguin has pretty feathers.
-- Yes, but the parrot has prettier feathers than the penguin.
-- The peacock has the prettiest feathers.
noisy?
-- The penguin is noisy.
-- Yes, but the peacock is noisier than the penguin.
-- The parrot is the noisiest.
D. the fly, the bee and the cockroach
hairy legs?
-- The cockroach has hairy legs.
-- Yes, but the fly has hairier legs than the cockroach.
-- The bee has the hairiest legs.
tiny?
-- The cockroach is tiny.
-- Yes, but the bee is tinier than the cockroach.
-- The fly is the tiniest.
*注意：legs, feathers, shoes, ears, eyes这些名词多以复数形式出现，记得后面要加s。

而mouth, head, tail, nose等一般以单数形式出现，记得前面要加a/an/the/人称。

而如果比较的对象是不可数名词，不要加a/an，也不要加s。

比如：
I have bigger eyes than you. (复数) = My eyes are bigger than yours.
She has smaller ears than me. (复数) = Her ears are smaller than mine.
He has a bigger nose then her. (单数) = His nose is bigger than hers.
He has shorter hair than me. (不可数) = His hair is shorter than mine.
V. Part F.
（1）N ew words and phrases.新单词和词组。

要求：知道意思，会读。

（2）能够根据不同的动词进行分类。

VI．Part G. 要求: 会背。

出现的新词还要能会读，知道意思，能英汉互译。

shiny 闪亮的silver 银色gold 金色
its 它的open up 打开tail 尾巴。