分词精讲

分词精讲

一、形式

现在分词

二、功能

1．分词作表语

surprising, surprised

The result was ___________ .

They were ____________ at the news.

satisfied, satisfying

He appeared __________ with my answer.

The answer was ____________.

总结：现在分词作表语:一般表示主动或主语的性质和特征, “令人……”的意思, 主语多数情况是sth.

过去分词作表语: 一般表示被动或说明主语情感心理上的感受, “感到……的”,主语多数情况是sb.

interesting使人感兴趣的interested感兴趣的

exciting令人激动的excited感到激动的

delighting令人高兴的delighted感到高兴的

disappointing令人失望的disappointed感到失望的

encouraging令人鼓舞的encouraged感到鼓舞的

pleasing令人愉快的pleased感到愉快的

puzzling令人费解的puzzled感到费解的

satisfying令人满意的satisfied感到满意的

surprising令人惊异的surprised感到惊异的

worrying令人担心的worried感到担心的

2．分词作定语

A. 单个分词作定语

boiling water boiled water

developing country developed country

falling leaves fallen leaves

rising sun risen sun

总结：现在分词表示____________的动作;

过去分词表示____________的动作。

B. 表示情感心理的分词作定语

exciting, excited

He told us the __________ news.

The _________ pupils jumped with joy.

He had a ________(terrify) look in his eyes.

The boy answered in a ___________(frighten) voice.

总结：过去分词除修饰sb.以外,还可修饰表示神态、声音等的名词, 说明主语的心理状态C.分词短语作定语

Tell the children ________(play)there not to make so much noise.

Did you see the man _______(talk) to the manager?

I used to live in a room _______(face)south.

The house ___________(stand)at the corner of the street was built in 1955.

总结：现在分词作定语:a.表示正在进行的动作 b.表示经常性的动作或现在/当时的状态Is this the book _____________(recommend)by our teacher?

The meeting ________(hold)last week is very important.

I hate to see letters ________(write) in pencil

总结：过去分词作定语：表示被动

注①：如果所表示的动作此刻正在发生，用现在分词的被动形式来表示，如：The meeting _______________(hold)now is very important.

We must keep a secret of the things _______________here.

注②：如果所表示的是一个未来的动作，用不定式的被动形式来表示，如：The meeting _____________(hold)next week is very important.

Please tell me the subjects _______________(discuss)at the next meeting.

3.作宾语(主语)补足语：

His lecture got us_________ (think).

He got his bike ________ (repair) just now.

He watched the bed ________ (carry) out of the door.

He felt a great weight ________ (take ) off his mind.

他感到心头如释重负。

How would you like your hair ______ (cut)?

He is very popular among the students as he always tries to make them _________ (interest) in his lectures.

The other day, I had my pocket ________(pick) on the bus.

I am sorry to have kept you ___________(wait) for so long a time.

have sb doing sth

get sb/sth doing sth

have/get sth done

have sth done

make oneself heard/understood

leave sth undone

总结：现在分词做宾语补足语时，与宾语存在主动关系；

过去分词做宾语补足语时，与宾语存在被动关系。

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