大学英语写作技巧整理版

Part One: Manuscript Form

1.Arrangement:

a.标题：

大写：第一个和最后一个单词和其他的单词（包括带连字符的合成词）。冠词、并列连词（and, or, but, nor, for），介词，不定式to除外。

标点：可用问号。引用或文章标题要加引号。书名加下划线。

b.段落：每段第一行缩进4到5个字母的距离。

2.Capitalization

a.当成句子用的句子成分后也要加句号。

b.专有名词的大写：President Brown, the Middle Ages, Marxist, Darwinism, Hegelian,

Confucian, Latinize, Vietnamize

3.Word Division

原则：按音节分，不要把连字符放在开头。

a.不能分单音节词。如：through, march, brain,pushed.

b.一行的末尾或开头不能出现一个字母。如：a lone, trick y.

c.不能把两个字母的音节放在开头。如：hat ed, cab in.

d.避免划分专有人名或地名。如：Chi na, Aus ten

e.带连字符的词只在连字符处划分。

f.不要误导读者。如：pea cock, re ally.

g.带词缀时在词缀处划分。

h.换页时不要划分。

i.带双辅音时在双辅音处划分。如：strug gle, shat ter.

Part Two: Diction

1.Levels of Words:

From a stylistic point of view:

Formal words: 很多包含三或三个以上的音节

Common words

Informal words: 通常只有一或两个音节

Slang: 非常不正式，文化低的人通常使用。

2.the meaning of words

①denotative meaning (dictionary)＆connotative meaning(feeling or idea suggested by it )

a.country, nation, state and land

country: an area of land and its population and government

nation：the people of a country

state: the government or political organization of a country

land: less precise but more literary and emotive than country

rge and big:

large: slightly more formal, unusually big, more emphatic

c.small and little

small: objective little: a feeling of fondness

d.modest(virtue) and humble

②different collocations:

Large: amount, number and quantity

Great: personal qualities like courage, confidence, ability and wisdom

③不要和中文混用

Send: cause to go or be taken to a place without going oneself.

Family and home: family: people related to one. Home: place where one lives.

3.general and specific word

professionals ＆scientists, doctors, teachers

scientists ＆physicists, chemists

chemists ＆biochemists

house ＆mansion, villa, chateau, cottage, bungalow, cabin, hut, shack, shanty, shed, barn

laugh ＆smile, grin, beam, giggle, titter, snigger, chuckle, guffaw, chortle

写作时尽量用specific words

用specific word时要展示出具体细节：

P14：students do many interesting things after class.

4.idioms

不正式或口语化的用于对话；俚语式的应谨慎使用：

all balled up: troubled or confused; cough up: produce sth.

许多陈词滥调式的也要少用。

5.figures of speech

a colorful garden: literal sense

a colorful life/career: figurative sense

①simile

②metaphor

不一定都在动词be后，不一定都是名词。

There were a few lordly poplars before the house. (tall, straight and stately, like ancient