数学五年级上册简便计算练习(答案)
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小学数学五年级上册简便计算练习(答案卷)
一、归类练习:
3.29+0.73+2.27 3.29-0.73-2.27 7.5+2.5-
7.5+2.5
=3.29+(0.73+2.27) =3.29-(0.73+2.27) =(7.5-7.5)+
(2.5+2.5)
=3.29+3 =3.29-3 =0+5
=6.29 =0.29 =5
(加法结合律)(减法的性质)(同级运算交换)
7.325-3.29-3.325 7.325-(5.325+1.7) 7.325-
(5.325-1.7)
=7.325-3.325-3.29 =7.325-5.325-1.7 =7.325-
5.325+1.7
=4-3.29 =2-1.7 =2+1.7
=0.71 =0.3 =3.7
(减法交换)(减法的性质)(前面减号,脱括号变符号)
3.29+0.73-2.29+2.27 3.29×0.25×4 0.125
×8.8
=(3.29-2.29)+(0.73+2.27) =3.29×(0.25×4)=0.125×8×
1.1
=1+3 =3.29×1 =1×1.1
=4 =3.29 =1.1
(同级运算交换)(乘法结合律)(先拆数,乘法结合律)
0.25×0.28 0.125×3.2×
2.5 35×10.2
=0.25×4×0.07 =(0.125×8)×(0.4×2.5)=35
×(10+0.2)
=1×0.07 =1×
1 =35×10+35×0.2
=0.07 =1 =350+7
(先拆数,乘法结合律)(拆数,乘法结合律) =357
(拆数,乘法分配律)
0.25×4÷0.25×4 3.5×
9.9 3.5×99+3.5
=(0.25÷0.25)×(4×4)=3.5×(10-0.1)=3.5×
(99+1)
=1×16 =3.5×10-3.5×0.1 =3.5×100
=16 =35-0.35 =350
(同级运算交换) =34.65 (乘法分配律)
(拆数,乘法分配律)
3.5×101-3.5 3.5×9.9+3.5×0.1 ★ 3.5×2.7
+35×0.73
=3.5×(101-1) =3.5×(9.9+0.1) =3.5×2.7+3.5×7.3
=3.5×100 =3.5×10 =3.5×(2.7+7.3)
=350 =35 =3.5×10
(乘法分配律)(乘法分配律) =35
(先利用积不变的规律转化,
然后再用乘法分配律)
3.5×2.7-3.5×0.7 ★ (32+5.6)÷0.8 ★ 3.5÷0.6-0.5÷0.6
=3.5×(2.7-0.7) =32÷0.8+5.6÷0.8 =(3.5-0.5)÷0.6 =3.5×2 =40+7 =3÷0.6
=7 =47 =5
(乘法分配律)(后2题类似分配律,但只适用于(a+b)÷c
和(a-b)÷c,而a÷(b+c)和a÷(b-c)不能用。)
4.9÷1.4 7÷0.25÷
4 ★7÷0.125
=4.9÷(7×0.2) =7÷(0.25×4)=7×8 =4.9÷7÷0.2 =7÷1 =56
=0.7÷0.2 =7 (乘除法转化规律,转化时
=3.5 符号相反,转化前后的2数
(拆数,除法的性质)(除法的性质)相乘得1。)
7.35÷(7.35×0.25) ★ 7.35÷(7.35÷0.25)
=7.35÷7.35÷0.25 =7.35÷7.35×0.25
=1÷0.25 =1×0.25
=4 =0.25
(除法的性质)(前面是除号,脱括号符号相反)
二、混合练习:
3.07-0.38-1.62 1.29+3.7+2.71+6.3 8-2.45-1.55
=3.07-(0.38+1.62)=(1.29+2.71)+(3.7+6.3) =8-(2.45+1.55)=3.07-2 =4+10 =8-4
=1.07 =14 =4
(减法的性质)(加法交换律和加法结合律)(减法的性质)
3.25+1.79-0.59+1.75 23.4-0.8-13.4-7.2 0.32×403
=(3.25+1.75)+(1.79-0.59) =(23.4-13.4)-0.8-7.2 =0.32×(400+3)
=5+1.2 =10-(0.8+7.2) =0.32×400+0.32×3 =6.2 =10-8 =128+0.96
(同级运算交换) =2 =128.96
(减法交换和减法的性质)(拆数,乘法分配律)
3.2+0.36+
4.8+1.64 1.23+3.4-0.23+
6.6 0.25×36
=(3.2+4.8)+(0.36+1.64)=(1.23-0.23)+(3.4+6.6) =0.25×4×9 =8+2 =1+10 =1×9
=10 =11 =9
(加法交换律和加法结合律)(同级运算交换)(拆数,乘法结合律)
12.7-(3.7+0.84) 36.54-1.76-4.54 0.25×0.73×4
=12.7-3.7-0.84 =36.54-4.54 -1.76 =0.25×4×0.73
=9-0.84 =32-1.76 =1×0.73
=8.14 =30.24 =0.73
(减法的性质)(减法交换)(乘法交换律和乘法结合律)7.6×0.8+0.2×7.6 0.85×
199 0.25×8.5×4
=7.6×(0.8+0.2) =0.85×(200-1) =0.25×4×8.5
=7.6×1 =0.85×200-0.85×1 =1×8.5 =7.6 =170-0.85 =8.5
(乘法分配律) =169.15 (乘法交换律和乘法分配律)
(拆数,乘法分配律)
1.28×8.6+0.72×8.6 1
2.5×0.96×0.8 10.4-9.6×0.35
=(1.28+0.72)×8.6 =12.5×0.8×0.96 =10.4-3.36
=2×8.6 =10×0.96 =7.04
=17.2 =9.6 (无简算)
(乘法分配律)(乘法交换律和乘法结合律)
0.8×(4.3×1.25) 3.12+3.12×99 28.6×101-28.6
=0.8×1.25×4.3 =3.12×(1+99)=28.6
×(101-1)
=1×1.25 =3.12×
100 =28.6×100
=1.25 =312 =2860
(乘法交换律和乘法结合律)(乘法分配律)(乘法分配律)