2016年高考英语二轮复习训练：1-1-5 篇章结构题a 含解析

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A

[2015·重庆一中一诊]The African elephant, the largest land

animal remaining on earth, is of great importance P1to African ecosystem (生态系统). Unlike other animals, the African elephant is to a great extent P2the builder of its environment. As a big plant-eater, it largely shapes the forest-and-savanna (稀树草原) surroundings in which it lives, therefore setting_the_terms of existence W1for millions of other animals that live in its habitat (栖息地)．

It is the elephant's great desire W2for food that makes it a disturber of the en v ironment and an important builder of its habitat.S

In its continuous search for the 300 pounds of plants it must have every day, it kills small trees and underbushes, and pulls branches off big trees. This results in P3numerous W3open spaces in both deep tropical forests and in the woodlands that cover part of the African savannas. In these open spaces are numerous plants in various stages of growth that attract a variety of other plant eaters.

Take the rain forests for example. In their natural state, the spreading branches overhead shut out sunlight and prevent the growth of plants on the forest floor. By pulling down trees and eating plants, elephants make open spaces, allowing new plants to grow on the forest floor. In such situations W4，the forests become suitable for large hoofed plant eaters to move around and for small plant eaters to get their food as well.

What worries scientists now is that the African elephant has become an endangered species. If the elephant disappears, scientists

say, many other animals will also disappear from v ast W5areas of

forest and savanna, greatly changing and worsening the whole ecosystem.

本文主要讲述的就是在非洲草原的生物链中大象的重要作用，它

不断的寻找食物拓宽了其他动物的生存空间等。

1．What is the passage mainly about?

A．Disappearance of African elephants.

B．Forests and savannas as habitats for African elephants.

C．The effect of African elephants' search for food.

D．The eating habit of African elephants.

答案：C 考查主旨大意。本文主要讲述的就是在非洲草原的生

物链中大象的重要作用，它不断的寻找食物拓宽了其他动物的生存空

间等。故C正确。

2．What does the underlined phrase “setting the terms” most probably mean?

A．Fixing the time. B．Worsening the state.

C．Improving the quality. D．Deciding the conditions.

答案：D 考查词义猜测。根据文章“As a big plant eater, it

largely shapes the forest-and-savanna(稀树草原) surroundings in which it lives, therefore setting the terms of existence for millions of other animals that live in its habitat.”说明非洲大象塑造了草原的环境，也决定了其他动物的生存条件。故D项正确。

3．What do we know about the open spaces in the passage?

A．They result from the destruction of rain forests.

B．They provide food mainly for African elephants.

C．They are home to many endangered animals.

D．They are attractive to plant-eating animals of different kinds.

答案：D 考查细节理解。根据文章“This results in numerous open spaces in both deep tropical forests and in the woodlands that cover part of the African savannas. In these open spaces are