人教版高中英语选修八第二单元知识点(共29张PPT)

15.Is it in favour of cloning or against cloning?他 赞成还是反对克隆? in favour of 赞成；有利于
The score was 80 to 78 in favour of the
guest team. 比分是80比78，客队获胜。
The exchange rate is in our favour today. 今天的兑换率对我们有利。 短语：in sb’s favor对某人有利 do sb a favor =do a favor for sb帮某人忙 owe sb.a favour欠某人情
He is doing a commercial course at the local college. 他在本地学院学商业课程。
The play was a commercial success. 这出戏从营利角度看很成功。
6. undertake vt. (undertook; undertaken) The procedure is difficult to undertake, of course. The scientist undertakes the experiment. I can undertake the responsibility for the changes. The lawyer undertook a new case. undertake vt 着手做, 实施，从事, 承担
4. It also happens in animals when twins identical in sex and appearance are …
identical adj. ①完全相同的 (常与with / to连用) ②同一的, 同样的
These two designs are almost identical. My opinion is identical with his. This picture is identical to the one my mother has .
2. In pairs, look at these pictures and discuss which ones are natural clones and which ones are man-made. Explain how they differ. differ vi. 不一致, 不同, 相异
3. It is a way of making an exact copy of another animal and plant.
exact adj. 确切的，精确的
I want to know the exact time.
exactly adv.确切地，正是；恰好 他们的回答完全一样。 Their answers are exactly the same. 那正是我所期待的。 That's exactly what I expected.
9. Cloning scientists were cast down to find that Dolly’s illness were more appropriate to a much older animal. 1）cast down使沮丧, 低沉
be cast down = feel discouraen.
此句中that引导的从句为同位语从句，对news进行 解释说明，that仅起连接词的作用，无意义，不能 省略。
8. pay off
1. At last the determination and patience of scientists paid off …..
即时练习： 将下列句子译成英语 (1) 听到这个消息他很沮丧。
__H_e__w_a_s__c_a_st__d_o_w_n__to__h_e_a_r_t_h_e__n_e_w_s_.___
(2) 发现事情的真相使他很沮丧。
__F_i_n_d_i_n_g_o_u__t _th_e__t_ru__th__m__a_d_e_h_i_m__c_a_s_t_d_o_w_n.
12. have /make a strong/ great impact on… 对…有/产生巨大影响 这本书对其读者产生了极大的影响。 This book made a great impact on its readers. 这场反对吸烟的运动对年轻人有极大的影响. The anti-smoking campaign has had quite an impact on young people.
Unit 2 Cloning Language points
1. clone n. [c] 克隆 vt. 克隆
(1) Dolly the sheep is a _c_lo_n__e__. (2) C_l_o_n_i_n_g_ plants is straightforward. (3) Dolly is a c_l_o_n_e_d_ sheep.
16. owe vt. 欠(账、钱、人情等)；归功于…… ①I owe him ten dollars. = I owe ten dollars to him. 我欠他10美元。 ②The young writer owed his success to his
teacher’s encouragement. 年轻作家把自己的成功归功于他老师的鼓励。 owe sth. to sb. =owe sb. sth. 欠某人某物 owe. . . to. . . 把……归功于
He was much cast down by the failure of the experiment. Don’t be so cast down. Just keep up your spirits. 2）be appropriate to适合于…的，与…相称的 普通鞋不适于下稻田。
Ordinary shoes are not appropriate to fields.
13. Governments became nervous and many forbade research into human cloning.各国政府恐 慌不安, 有许多政府命令禁止克隆人类的研究。 forbid vt.禁止，不准，不许 forbade /forbad, forbidden, forbidding
forbid doing sth forbid sb to do sth (用法与allow,advise等一样）
公共场所应禁止吸烟。 Smoking should be forbidden in public places.
14. Some countries such as China and the UK continued to accumulate evidence of the abundant medical aid that cloning could provide. accumulate vt. /vi. : 收/堆集，积聚/累, 堆积
5. Firstly, gardeners use it all the time to produce commercial quantities of plants.
commercial adj. ①商业的, 贸易的 ②商务的 ③以获利为目的的， 从营利角度出发的
a commercial loan /activity 商业贷款/活动
have objecting to, take objection, feel objection to
object vi.&vt
object to (doing ) sth. object + that 从句
We object to being treated like this. I object to the plan. I object that he is too young to take that position.
10 .On the other hand , Dolly’s appearance raised a storm of objections and had a great impact on the media and public imagination. a storm of:常指感情猛烈爆发或强烈表现 a storm of tears泪如雨下
sb differ from/ with sb on/ about / over /upon sth 某人与某人在....方面意见不同
A and B differ in … 某物与某物在....方面不同
A differs from B 某物与某物不同 difference n.差异, 差别, 分歧, 争论, 差额 different adj.不同的
强调“经过一段比较长的时间由少积多的积累”， 使用范围较广，似乎凡是数量方面的增长都可以 表示。
The company has accumulated great wealth within a few years. accumulation n. 积聚
the accumulation of knowledge 知识的积聚
a storm of protest /applause /cheers/ abuse /criticism /bullets /arrows一阵猛烈的抗议/暴风雨 般的掌声/暴风雨般的欢呼声/辱骂/评击/弹雨/箭雨
11. objection n.反对，异议
I feel a strong objection to getting up early. Have you any objection to my opening the window? objection常与have, take, feel等连用构成词组：
最终科学家们的决心和耐心得到了回报…. 2. He paid off the crew of the ship. 他付清全体船员的工资并将他们解雇。 3.In the end he paid off all his debts. pay off 成功；付清薪水并解雇；偿还（债 务等）；(事业、计划等) 成功 pay back 报答；报复
(1) He will _u__n_d_e_r_ta_k_e__a __jo_u_r_n_e_ynext month (去旅行).
(2) He __u_n_d_e_r_to_o_k_ _a_ _n_e_w_ _t_a_sk_ (承担了一项 新任务).
7. Then came the disturbing news that Dolly had become seriously ill. 表示方位、时间、或方式的副词或介词短语，如 then, now, here, there, up, down, in, away, off, out, in the room, on the wall等，置于句首时， 句子倒装。
即时练习： 用介词 from, with, on, about, upon 或 in
填空。
(1) We differ _f_ro_m__/_w_i_th_ him _o_n_/a_b__o_u_t/_ _u_p_o_n_ that question. (2) The two nations differ _in_ culture and religion. (3) The climate here differ _fr_o_m__/_w_i_th_ that of the South.
17. bother vt. 打扰 vi. 操心 n. 烦扰
bother sb. with/about sth. 为某事打扰或麻烦某人
bother about/with sth.